intro to cells
DESCRIPTION
Intro to Cells. TPJ 3M Heath Care Nicole Klement. What is a Cell?. Latin for ““small room” A cell is the functional and structural unit of all living organisms What is Considered a ““Living” organism? Found as early as 1632 by Antony van Leeuwenhoek - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Intro to Cells
TPJ 3M
Heath Care
Nicole Klement
![Page 2: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is a Cell?
Latin for ““small room” A cell is the functional and structural unit of all living organisms What is Considered a ““Living” organism? Found as early as 1632 by Antony van Leeuwenhoek The Cell Theory ----1839 by the German botanist Matthias
Jakob Schleiden and German physiologist Theodore Schwann
![Page 3: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Types of Cells
ProkaryoticBacteriaArchaea
EukaryoticUnicellular
ProtistsMulti-cellular
FungiPlantsAnimals
![Page 4: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Prokaryotic Cells
Characteristics Old Greek for “Before nut (kernel)” Unicellular (some multi-cellular in very rare cases) Lacks a membrane bound nucleus Lacks membrane bound organelles Has a cell membrane (cell wall) Has ribosomes (protein production) Circular DNA
![Page 5: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Example of a Prokaryotic Cell
![Page 6: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Bacteria
Greek for “small stick ” Most Abundant Organism Found in all environments Many are Beneficial to
Everyday Needs Some are Pathogens (can
make you sick) Move by Flagella or by
Gliding Asexual Reproduction
![Page 7: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Bacteria – E.Coli
![Page 8: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Archaea
Greek for ““old ones”” Identified in 1977 by Carl Woese of the University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and George Fox Extremophiles (like extreme conditions) Mesophiles Found in Living Organisms Two Groups: Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota
![Page 9: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Archaebacteria in Yellowstone Geisers
![Page 10: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Kingdoms
![Page 11: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Eukaryotes
Unicellular (ex: Protists) Multicellular (ex: fungi, plants, animals) Membrane bound nucleus Contain Organelles Linear DNA
![Page 12: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Example of a Eukaryotic Cell
![Page 13: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Protists
Categories of Protists:
ProtozoaAnimal likeMotileFeed by Phagocytosis
AlgaePlant likeUses photosynthesis for its nutrients Some motile, some are not
![Page 14: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Fungi
All come from a common ancestor Thought to be more related to animals then
plants Most are symbiotic Lack organs Reproduce sexually or asexually Many are used in everyday human life
![Page 15: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Example; Fungi Cell
![Page 16: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Plant Cells
Has a cell wall made of cellulose Has a large central vacuole Can photosynthesize Contains Chloroplasts which contain
Chlorophyll The cells differentiate in to dermal tissue,
vascular tissue, or ground tissue or tissue
![Page 17: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Plant cell
![Page 18: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Example of a Plant Cell
![Page 19: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Animal Cells
• Unicellular and Multicellular• Lacks a Cell Wall and Chloroplasts• Small Vacuoles • Appear spherical in shape• Contains a variety of Organelles
![Page 20: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Example of an Animal Cell
![Page 21: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Typical Eukaryotic Animal Cell
![Page 22: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Different types of animal cells
Red blood cell - human Heart cell-
beating
Breast Cancer
Cheek cell- human
Sperm Cell Eye cell
![Page 23: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Viruses: the exception
Latin for ““poison”” Does not meet all the criteria of “Life” Not made up of cells Contains DNA or RNA, but not usually both Require a host to replicate Causes the common cold, the flu, chickenpox, AIDs, Bird flu Many techological uses
![Page 24: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Example: Virus cell
![Page 25: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Types of Eukaryotic Cell
Somatic Cells Greek for ““body’’ All cells in the body except the sex cells Found in the bones, skin, organs, tissues, blood Reproduce by MitosisGerm Cells The Sex Cells (Sperm and Ova) Somatic cells Reproduce by Meiosis
![Page 26: Intro to Cells](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013101/568158be550346895dc60802/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Cells
Part 1- Research a Cell Type Pick one of the following types of cells: Prokaryotic (Bacteria, Archaea) Eukaryotic
Unicellular (Protists)
Multicellular (Fungi, Plant, Animal)
Use your biological drawing skills to summarize the main parts of your chosen cell.
You will be asked to contribute your labeled drawing to the class’ notes.
You may use any textbook or internet resource (that is reputable) – I suggest:
Cellsalive; http://www.cellsalive.com/gallery.htm
Part 2 – Comparing the different cell types As a group we will pool our knowledge in a discussion and create a flow chart comparing the various cell types. Your knowledge for part one will be important here.