Internet

What is the Internet?

The Internet is a large group of computers that are linked

together. There are millions of computers connected to

this network across 200 countries. The users of these

computers can communicate with each other by sending emails, transferring files, instant messaging, etc. Every

computer that is connected to the Internet has a unique address, which is called an Internet Protocol Address (IP

Address). The IP address is a series of numbers separated by dots, for example: 123.45.67.890.

How does it work?

Computers that are connected to the Internet have different functions. Computers (users) that get information on

the web are called clients. Other computers (servers) only store files such as photos, music, emails, videos or websites.

A client can access a server to visit a website, check an email account, etc.

When two computers exchange information, they are called peers. Some examples of this are instant messaging or

sending photos to a friend directly. When two peers interact with each other it is called peer-to-peer (P2P)

communication. For example, if you receive a photo from your friend, your computer is the client because you access

the file and your friend’s computer acts as a server because he or she supplies the photo.

Who invented the Internet?

In the 1960s, researchers from the Government Defense Department in the United States were looking for a way to

continue working in case some computers were damaged due to a war or natural disaster. They came up with a

network that linked several computers

together. In 1969, their network began

operating and was called the ARPANET.

Over the years, universities, large

businesses, and other major

organizations joined this network to

exchange ideas and resources with each

other.

INTRODUCTION

The ARPANET Network in 1974

1) The Internet is ..

a. a giant network

b. millions of linked PCs

c. a super computer with millions of users

d. A and B are correct

2) Internet users ..

a. have unlimited access to other PCs

b. must download an IP address before they can get

online

c. are referred to as ‘clients’

d. B and C are correct

3) When you are looking for information on Wikipedia,

you are a ..

a. client b. server

c. peer d. IP address

4) Google is an example of a ..

a. client b. server c. peer d. computer

5) Sending messages on WhatsApp is an example of ..

a. P2P b. a server

c. clients d. A and C are correct

6) Hotmail is a ..

a. P2P b. server

c. client d. All are correct

7) The Internet was invented ..

a. by scientists in the United States

b. for military purposes

c. during a war

d. in the 21st century

8) The Internet was ..

a. first known as the ARPANET

b. used by large organizations to exchange ideas

c. not designed for ordinary people

d. All of the above

Exercise 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences below.

IN NET SER

VER WORK TER

CLI AR NET

PU ENT COM

NET TER PA

1) _________________________ 4) _________________________

2) _________________________ 5) _________________________

3) _________________________ 6) _________________________

Exercise 2: The words below are chopped into pieces. Find the pieces that fit together.

Exercise 3: Answer the questions below.

1) What is the difference between a modem and a

router?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

2) What is the difference between a cookie and

spyware?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

3) What is the difference between downloading and

uploading?

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

4) Which terms are software?

_______________________________________________________

5) Which terms are hardware?

_______________________________________________________

TERMS

Exercise 4: Fill in the gaps.

1) I don't like websites with too many _____________________ .

It takes so long to close all of them!

2) I can’t connect to the Internet, there must be

something wrong with the _____________________ .

3) It takes so long to download this photo, it is over 900

________________________ .

4) Amazon uses _____________________ , so that they can

give you a personal welcome when you visit their site.

5) What is the _____________________ of BBC? Is it

BBC.com or BBC.co.uk?

6) Google is the biggest _____________________ on the

Internet, but Yahoo and Bing are popular too.

cookies kilobyte search engine

modem pop-ups URL

Internet

Modem Hardware that connects a computer to the Internet

with a cable.

Router A piece of hardware that connects several computers

to the same Internet connection.

Bandwidth The rate at which information travels through an

Internet connection, usually measured in megabytes

per second.

Firewall A security system on your computer that blocks

hackers, viruses and other threats to your computer.

Cookie A piece of information about your visit to a website

that is stored on your computer. It is information about

your preferences on the site, such as the language.

Download To copy a file from a server to a computer via the

Internet.

Upload To send information from your computer to another

computer. It is the opposite of downloading.

Spam Unwanted emails.

Browser A program that is used to browse the web.

Spyware Software that collects information about you without

your knowledge. The information is sent to the person

who wrote the program.

URL The address of a website. For example,

www.google.com

Internet

( ) Emoticon ( ) Safari ( ) YouTube ( ) Download

( ) E-mail ( ) Web-Shop ( ) Websites ( ) Twitter

( ) Chrome ( ) Modem ( ) Upload ( ) Search engine

( ) Wi-Fi ( ) Virus ( ) Router ( ) Skype

( ) Firefox ( ) Wikipedia ( ) URL ( ) Social network

( ) Server ( ) Chat ( ) Hacker

VOCABULARY

Exercise 5: Match the words with the pictures and find them in the word search.

L M O D E M S K Y P E R E K C A H N W P

I I T W I T T E R E M O R H C I M O E O

A C H A T S E A R C H E N G I N E C B H

M D M D O W N L O A D S E R V E R I S S

E A I D E P I K I W E B U T U O Y T I B

K R O W T E N L A I C O S U R I V O T E

L R U H X O F E R I F U P L O A D M E W

S A F A R I F I W O R E T U O R A E S N

/

22

17 18

19

20 21

23

14 15

16

11

12

13 7 8

10

9 1

3

2

4

6

5

1) Wikipedia is an online encyclopedia that is written

by the people who use it.

Exercise 6: Choose five words from the previous exercise and write down what these things are and what they are

used for. One word has been defined for you already.

3)

4)

2) 5)

6)

Down 1) A device used to connect a computer to the internet.

2) A measure of computer memory: 1,000 kilobytes.

4) A social network where people post short messages.

5) Software that allows you to surf the internet.

6) A … is 1,000 megabyte.

8) … is the most popular search engine.

9) People … to communicate with people

online.

11) To transfer something onto the internet.

12) A secret word that protects personal

information.

Across 3) A popular website where people can watch videos.

7) Play a sound or video file at the same time it is being downloaded.

10) Security software that helps protect your computer from viruses.

13) Software to make phone and video calls.

14) To transfer a file from the internet to your computer.

15) When your computer temporarily stops working.

Third generation mobile phone network

A word or object that is connected to a file

Unwanted e-mail

Frequently Asked Questions

Connected to a computer network

A marked website for later use

A journal where people post about their interests

A computer that provides access to files on a network

Spam

Bookmark

Link

3G

Online

FAQ

Server

Blog

Exercise 7: Match the words on the left to their definitions on the right.

Exercise 8: Complete the crossword puzzle.

LOGO QUIZ

Exercise 9: Do you know the brand names of the logos below? Unscramble the words and match them with the pictures.

Internet Brands

( ) eologG

( ) lGaim

( ) romhCe

( ) ngiB

( ) obeaFokc

( ) zmonAa

( ) Tietrwt

( ) oeuTYub

( ) Spyek

( ) yPaaPl

( ) tWpaasph

1

2 3

5

4

9 14 13

7

6

12

8

10

11

17

16

21

18

20

22

15

19

( ) saatnIrmg

( ) xFirefo

( ) ikipWedia

( ) ndkeIiLn

( ) !oahoY

( ) pplAe

( ) fxNelti

( ) aHotmli

( ) Dpoborx

( ) yaBE

( ) rklcFi

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

______________________

Hey everyone! How are you guys doing?

Hi Tom, all good here. WBU? I send you a PM, did you dee it?

Dee? What does it mean?

Nothing LOL, it was a typing mistake. I meant ‘see’.

Okay, I C

Hi guys! In new here.

Welcome! ASL?

I’m a 16 year-old boy, I live in LA, but I come from Brazil. WBU?

Oh, just a moment. My phone is ringing, BRB.

NP, take your time.

How is it going in L.A. Kim? Do you like to live in America BTW?

IDK, it’s very different.

Hey guys, I’m back, but I G2G. Dinner is ready. TTYL.

Alright, I got to go too. XOXO

See you guys!

Bye!

Chatting

Exercise 10: An acronym is a word formed from the first or first few letters of several words. Read the dialog below

and write down the meanings of the acronyms used in the conversation.

Tom:

Jessica:

Tom:

Jessica:

Tom:

Kim:

Tom:

Kim:

Tom:

Jessica:

Kim:

Tom:

Jessica:

Tom:

Kim:

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

_____ = _______________________

ACRONYMS

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

______ = ______________

Exercise 12: Which other chatting acronyms do

you know? Write the acronyms and meanings

below.

Exercise 11: What are the meanings of the acronyms below?

1) _______________

2) _______________

3) _______________

4) _______________

5) _______________

6) _______________

7) _______________

8) _______________

9) _______________

10) ______________

Cyber Crime ONLINE CRIME

Cyber-crime is one of the fastest growing crimes in the world.

Frequent users of the internet buy things from online shopping

platforms, perform online banking, and store their files on a

‘cloud’. These events provide endless opportunities for cyber

criminals who take advantage of the weaknesses of others.

More than 70% of all Americans have experienced some form of cyber-crime in their lives. Most of these illegal online

activities are hard to detect and solve. In many cases, victims of cyber-crime do not even realize that something illegal

or illegitimate has taken place.

Basically, there are three types of cyber-crime:

• Harassment – Some people use the Internet anonymously and are engaged in illegal activities like

stalking, harassment, and bullying.

• Hacking – Hackers break into online networks and try to corrupt or download all kinds of sensitive or

valuable information.

• Phishing – Phishing is the activity of sending emails to people trying to trick them. The purpose of

phishing is to obtain money from the recipients of these emails. Usually, the elderly, who are not very

computer savvy are the most vulnerable groups for this kind of crime.

ANONYMOUS Anonymous is a group of hackers that is famous for their distributed

denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. They target organizations such as

governments and large companies. A DDoS attack is a process in which

many computer systems attack a single target, such as a website or a

server. The enormous number of incoming messages (attacks) slow

down the server so that it cannot be used anymore.

1) Cyber-crime is the most common crime in

the world.

2) Online bullying is a cyber-crime.

3) More than half of the American population

has been affected by cyber-crime.

4) Cyber-crimes are hard to detect and solve.

5) Inexperienced Internet users are more

vulnerable to cyber-crime.

Exercise 14: Answer the questions below.

Exercise 13: Are the statements below true or false?

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

Mask associated with Anonymous

6) Hackers try to trick and harass people

online.

7) More than 70% of all Americans are bullied

on the Internet.

8) Phishing is the attempt of trying to acquire

sensitive information.

( )

( )

( )

1) Why do you think it is so difficult to catch and

prosecute cyber criminals? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

2) Have you ever been a victim of an online crime? If

so, can you please describe the situation in detail? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

3) Have you ever done something that is not allowed

on the web? If yes, what was it and why did you do

so? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

4) Which cyber-crime do you think is the most

dangerous? Give reasons to justify your answer. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

5) What is Anonymous? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

6) What is a DDoS attack and how does it work? ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________

Are you addicted?

6) I stay online on my PC or phone longer than I

intend to.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

7) My family or friends complain that I am online too

much.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

8) My grades at school would be higher if I didn’t

spend so much time online.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

9) I check my email before doing other things.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

10) I easily get annoyed when people disturb me while

I am online or using my phone.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

1) I prefer surfing the web or using Facebook to

spending time with my family.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

2) When the Internet doesn’t work, I get moody and

nervous.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

3) I feel uncomfortable when people ask about what I

do online.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

4) I can’t sleep because I am online or use my phone

late at night.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

5) Life without the Internet or my phone would be

boring.

a) rarely b) sometimes c) often

TO THE INTERNET

Exercise 15: It is hard to imagine a world without the Internet. For some people it is simply impossible to imagine!

Let’s find out how addicted you are to the Internet.

10 – 18: You are a normal Internet user. Sometimes

you may use the Internet a bit too much, but you can

control yourself. You go offline when you want to.

19 – 30: You are having some minor problems with the

use of your phone or the Internet. It is time to realize

that you should go online a bit less often.

31 – 50: You are addicted to the Internet and you are

having some serious problems. You should

immediately cut the time you spend online and

evaluate the impact the Internet has on your life!

Let’s find out if you are addicted to the Internet. Add

up the points of your answers to get your final score.

a) rarely = 1 point My score:

b) sometimes = 3 points

c) often = 5 points __________

Exercise 17: Unscramble the words. Hints are given below.

1) trtnniee _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

A large number of computers around the world

connected to each other.

2) omdem _ _ _ _ _

A device used to connect to the Internet.

3) dodnolwa _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

To copy a file from a server.

4) rbowers _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Software that is used to browse the web.

5) ULR _ _ _

The address of a website.

6) egaytibg _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1,000 megabyte.

7) aewfillr _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Software that blocks threats to your computer.

8) asmp _ _ _ _

Unwanted e-mails.

9) taentrin _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

A network of computers inside an organization.

10) ybae _ _ _ _

A large online auction.

11) kioeoc _ _ _ _ _ _

A piece of data about a user from a website.

12) yparswe _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Software that collects data about users.

Reflection Exercise 16: Write down the names of the images and find the hidden word.

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2

6

8

4

7

1) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _

3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5) _ _ _ _ _

6) _ _ _ _ _ _

7) _ _ _ _ _ _

8) _ _ _ _ _ _

Answer: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 5