international symposium on energy ... - … · the international symposium we present here. our...

INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENERGY, SUSTAINABILITY

AND ENVIRONMENT

Barcelona, 1st and 2nd June, 2011

1-2 June 2011, Barcelona, Spain

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Ten years have passed since the original idea of putting together a company, a research institution and a university to do R&D in a different way: a common building, common objectives, shared capabilities and human resources. The “idea” became a reality when the building was officially inaugurated and occupied in 2005, and further enhanced with the definition and execution of a strategic plan since early 2008. Today, MATGAS provides an open framework and environment for creative discussions and advance of research and development in close contact with the industrial world. Students also benefit from this approach. The ambition of MATGAS, as stated in our strategic plan, is “to become a World leading center of excellence that integrates research, technology development and demonstration in Energy, Sustainability and Environment, focused on greener energy solutions, including CO2 capture and application, waste treatment and alternative energies, by combining modeling and experimental approaches.” MATGAS was created with a clear mission and tailored for excellence in specific areas of research. It is our compromise to contribute to the high‐level formation of the best professionals, both in industry and academia, to contribute to a last generation technology, developed to construct and to work for a safe environment, and to the society in general. We have found appropriate, in the context of the celebration of the tenth anniversary of MATGAS, to invite world leading and recognized experts in areas of focus of MATGAS: Energy, Sustainability and Environment, in a structured program, which is the International Symposium we present here. Our goal is to share the findings and challenges in these areas from different perspectives, as well as to encourage and enhance collaborations between public and private institutions from different countries in these fascinating areas. We hope we all learn from this experience. Enjoy the Symposium, MATGAS, and the wonderful city hosting you during these days. Lourdes F. Vega, Pedro Gómez‐Romero and Javier Rodriguez‐Viejo MATGAS Directors team Barcelona, June 2011


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PROGRAM Wednesday, June 1st, 2011

15:30‐15:45 Symposium PresentationM. Alger

Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, Air Products, USA

15:45‐16:15 Opening Presentation: Advances in Energy, Sustainability and Environment: MATGAS Achievements and Remaining Challenges

L.F. Vega, MATGAS, Spain

16.15‐ 17.15 Plenary lecture: The Global Energy and Environmental Challenge and the Potential Role of Natural Gas

R.C. Armstrong ‐ Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA

17:15‐17:45 Invited lecture: CO2, Climate and Sustainability J.E. Llebot‐ Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Spain

17:45‐18:15 Invited lecture: Pending Breakthroughs in the Energy Scenario P. Gómez‐Romero– CSIC, MATGAS, Spain

Thursday, June 2nd, 2011

9:00‐10:00 Plenary lecture: The Hidden Benefits of CO2 Utilization M. Aresta – University of Bari, Italy

10:00‐10:30 Invited lecture: Direct uses of CO2: supercritical CO2 C. Domingo, ICMAB‐CSIC, Spain

10:30‐11:00 Invited lecture: Assessing the Carbon Footprint of Energy Use by Life Cycle TechniquesF. Castells – Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Spain

11:00‐11:30 Coffee Break

11:30‐12:30 Plenary lecture: The Role of Hydrogen in Energy Storage A. Züttel ‐ Head of Div. Hydrogen & Energy, EMPA, Switzerland

12:30‐13:00 Invited lecture: Hydrogen generation: An Industrial Perspective T. Golden ‐ Centre of Excellence in Adsorption, Air Products, Allentown, USA

13:00‐13:30 Invited lecture: Sustainable Hydrogen from Waste/Biomass J.L.García‐Fierro – ICP‐CSIC, Spain

Lunch

14:30‐15:00 Invited lecture: Supporting Product and Process Development in Industry Using Quantum‐based Calculations

A. Derecskei – Computational Modeling Centre, Air Products and Chemicals, USA

15:00‐15:30 Invited lecture: Molecular Simulation in Porous Systems: Material Characterization and Adsorption Behaviour as Case Studies

E. Lomba – Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Spain

15:30‐16:00 Invited lecture: Atomistic Modeling of Catalytic Water Oxidation A. Lledós – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Spain

16.00‐16:15 Coffee break

16:15‐17:00 Round Table: Future trends in Energy, Sustainability and Environment Coordinator: X. Obradors – CSIC, Spain

C. Miravitlles (Materials and Energy), J. Rodriguez‐Viejo (Hydrogen), L. Vega (CO2 and Simulations), G. Decrop (Energy and Sustainability)

17:00 Closing RemarksM. Collins – Director, Global Technology Centers, Air Products, Allentown, USA

J. Marquet, Director of the Research Parc, UAB, Spain


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SYMPOSIUM PRESENTATION

Montgomery Alger

Vice-President and Chief Technology Officer, Air Products President of the MATGAS Board of Directors

[email protected]

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Montgomery (Monty) Alger joined Air Products in February 2007 as Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. In this position, he has oversight responsibility for the company's R&D activities, as well as HRP (Human Resources Planning) accountability for the entire research community. Prior to joining Air Products, Mr. Alger spent 23 years with General Electric,

where he most recently was general manager of technology for GE Advanced Materials (silicones and quartz) business, which became Momentive Performance Materials when Apollo Management, L.P. purchased it in late 2006. Mr. Alger joined GE in 1984 at its Corporate Research Center, where he led technology development programs for GE Battery, Lighting, Appliances, and Plastics businesses through 1991. In 1992 he moved to GE Plastics Global Technology and had a number of product and process development roles. In 1998 he became manager of Engineering for GE Super-abrasives and in 2000 led the launch of its e-Business website (AbrasivesNet.com). Mr. Alger returned to the Global Research Center in 2001 where he was responsible for Advanced Lexan® technology development. He moved to the GE Plastics Noryl® business as manager of Global Technology in 2002 before moving to the GE Advanced Materials business in 2005. Mr. Alger was born in 1957 and is a native of Rumney, N.H. He received B.S. and M.S. degrees in chemical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1978, and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1982. Mr. Alger serves on the Chemical Engineering Advisory Council at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and is a member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He also is a certified Six Sigma Master.


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ADVANCES IN ENERGY, SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT: MATGAS ACHIEVEMENTS AND REMAINING CHALLENGES

Lourdes F. Vega

R&D Director of Air Products Spain (Carburos Metálicos) and MATGAS Director [email protected]

As the demand for energy is expected to grow, clear steps should be taken towards reducing the emissions of CO2 (and other green house gases), by developing and demonstrating technologies to efficiently capture it, transport it and use it, as well as searching for greener solutions for the future world.

MATGAS, as a center of excellence in CO2 and Sustainability, is working at the different stages of the CO2 life cycle, from capture, transport and storage, up to its numerous applications in the market, ranging from fundamental knowledge to new technologies. We are also working in the research, development and applications of technologies related to bioengineering, wastewater treatment, new materials for energy and food preservation. The modeling-experimental approach helps in creating a better understanding of the process and the best optimization of the final processes and applications. In addition to these research areas we also apply Life Cycle Assessment tools to the new processes and products we develop, benchmarking them with the ones in current use. Our objective is to assess the environmental benefits of these products, while also keeping the economical and technical viabilities. In this presentation I will give an overview of our current projects, highlighting some of them, and the way in which they are developed. Results and future directions will also be presented.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Lourdes F. Vega is the R&D Director of Air Products Spain (Carburos Metálicos) and the Director of MATGAS, a Joint Venture among Air Products, the National Research Council of Spain (CSIC) and the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB).

Lourdes received her BSc and Ms in Physics from the University of Seville (Spain) in 1988. She joined the Statistical Mechanics PhD program in the same University, working in a joint project with the Chemical Engineering department of the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles (USA), where she spent more than 2 years. After obtaining the PhD in Physics in 1992, she joined the Chemical Engineering School of Cornell University (USA) as a Postdoctoral Associate, until 1995. She became an Assistant Professor at the Chemical Engineering department of the Universitat Rovira I Virgili (Tarragona, Spain) in 1995, where she founded the Molecular Modeling group; she was an Associate professor at the same department from 1997 until 2003. During these years at the University she held different positions, including the Vicedirector of the Chemical Engineering School for External Relations. In 2003 she joined the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) as a Senior Researcher, leading the Molecular Simulation group.


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Lourdes joined Air Products April 2007, as the director of R&D Spain and MATGAS, managing the center for Air Products and for the rest of the partners. In research she is leading the computational modeling group and the research projects of Air Products, as well as externally funded projects. She is the technical lead of the SOST-CO2 project, a consortium of 14 companies and 29 research institutions, focused on new sustainable industrial applications of CO2 and managed by the MATGAS and Carburos Metálicos teams; she is also participating in another consortium on sustainable biorefinery and several projects related to modeling and simulation. She is the author of one book on CO2 as a resource and more than 100 papers in referred journals; she has supervised 6 PhD thesis. She was elected Physicist of Excellence in 2010 by the Spanish Collegiate of Physicists.

Lourdes was born in 1965 in Villanueva del Fresno, Badajoz (Spain). She is married and has three children. She likes soccer, reading and movies.


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THE GLOBAL ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGE AND THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF NATURAL GAS

Robert C. Armstrong

Chevron Professor and former Department Head of Chemical Engineering at the MIT

[email protected]

Perhaps the greatest challenge facing humankind in the 21st century is to provide sustainable energy sources to meet the demands for quality of life and economic growth in both the developed and developing world. The need for addressing this energy challenge is greater than at any time in the recent past. This is driven by several factors that together constitute a “perfect storm” requiring our response. These drivers include supply and demand, security, and environmental concerns. Consider that over the next half century global energy use is expected to double and global electricity demand is expected to triple. These increases will call for a significant increase in fossil fuel supplies; alternatively enormous changes in global energy infrastructure will be required. Security concerns are highlighted by the geographical and geopolitical realities of the locations of energy supplies and of the primary users of these resources, principally oil and natural gas. Finally, carbon dioxide emissions associated with combustion of fossil fuels are increasingly of central concern in global climate change. This concern will drive decisions about the evolution of the global energy system, namely whether it will evolve in a business-as-usual path or whether we will turn to less carbon intensive or carbon-neutral energy sources. MIT has conducted a series of integrated studies over the past eight years on key technology/policy issues in meeting projected growth in energy demand by midcentury in a carbon constrained world. Studies in 2003 and 2007 examined the future for nuclear power and clean coal; current studies cover natural gas, solar energy, and the electric grid. The Future of Natural Gas study underscores the significant potential for natural gas in the global energy mix over the next 50 years. As the least carbon intensive fossil fuel, it may play a key role as a bridge to low carbon future technologies. Although markets for natural gas are currently primarily regional, this may well change over the next 15 to 20 years. The natural gas study suggests that in the absence of carbon prices, the most feasible path towards a low carbon future involves three components: demand reduction; coal to gas switching; and research, development, and demonstration to drive down costs for low/zero carbon technologies. Some specific examples of novel research at MIT in this latter category are described in the presentation.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Robert C. Armstrong, Deputy Director of the MIT Energy Initiative and Chevron Professor of Chemical Engineering. Professor Robert C. Armstrong is the Chevron Professor and former Department Head of Chemical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); He recently served as co-chair of MIT’s Energy Research Council and is presently Deputy Director of the MIT Energy Initiative. He completed his undergraduate studies at the Georgia Institute of Technology with highest honors in 1970, with the Bachelor of Chemical


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Engineering Degree. He then received the Doctor of Philosophy in 1973 from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, in Chemical Engineering. Professor Armstrong has received a number of awards, including the AIChE Warren K. Lewis Award, AIChE Professional Progress Award, the Bingham Medal from the Society of Rheology, the University of Wisconsin-Madison Distinguished Service Citation, and election to the Georgia Tech Academy of Distinguished Engineering Alumni. His two-volume book, “Dynamics of Polymer Liquids” has been named a Citation Classic. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering. Professor Armstrong has published more than 120 papers and books and given more than 330 presentations in the areas of polymer fluid mechanics, rheology of complex materials, and energy.


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CO2, CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY

Josep Enric Llebot

Professor of Condensed Matter at the Physics Department of the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Spain

[email protected]

Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration growing is the main sign for the continuous increasing use of fossil fuels and the consequences derived as global warming and climate change. Some facts are relevant concerning to this issue: no serious scientific discussion rises about the human origin of the emissions; the consequences upon the climate will last over centuries and the international agreements only could adjust the rate of changes of climate to the capacity of adaptation. Some proposals are discussed in the international community to manage the carbon concentrations in the atmosphere as geo-engineering or carbon dioxide capture and storage.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

J.E. Llebot, Director of the UAB Department of Physics and chairman of the Catalan Society Physics. Josep Enric Llebot (1953) is a physicist. He is a Full Professor in Condensed Matter Physics, at the Department of Physics of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. His research interests have been non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and physical climatology. During the last years his research interests has focused especially in the thermodynamic structure of climate

models, the analysis of the statistics of ice cores of Vostok and the properties of tropical storms related with global warming. In his academic career he has promoted the environmental sciences programs in Spain being member of the Spanish advisory board for the Environmental Affairs of the Consejo de Universidades (Spanish Universities Council) of the Spanish Government and as a member of the Advisory Board for Sustainable Development of the Catalan government. He has promoted two reports about climate change in Catalonia.


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PENDING BREAKTHROUGHS IN THE ENERGY SCENARIO

Pedro Gómez Romero

MATGAS Vice-Director. Profesor de Investigación del CSIC (Full Research Professor). [email protected]

With cheap oil is on its way to extinction and more abundant carbon threatening climate and environment, our present model for energy generation and consumption is doomed to a radical change or to a radical crisis. But the necessary (and by now urgent) technological re-evolution will only be possible through the accomplishment of a variety of scientific revolutions. From 2nd and 3rd generation biofuels, to effective and cheap CO2 reduction, to improved photovoltaics, to sustainable hydrogen production, or effective hydrogen storage, a long series of breakthroughs are pending. This talk will provide a general overview of these missing fundamental pieces of a puzzle that will make possible a new, truly sustainable energy model.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Pedro Gómez Romero, Full Research Professor in CSIC. Vicedirector of MATGAS Prof. Pedro Gomez-Romero (B. Sc. and Ms Sc. Universidad de Valencia, Spain. Ph.D. in Chemistry, Georgetown University, USA, 1987, with Distinction). CSIC Researcher since 1990 (ICMAB, 1990-2007). Sabbatical as NATO Senior Research Fellow at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Golden, CO, USA, 1998-99). Full Research Professor (2006-) and Group

Leader of NEO-Energy lab at CIN2 (CSIC) (2007-), directing projects on hybrid organic-inorganic nanostructures, nanocomposite materials for energy storage and conversion (PEM Fuel Cells, lithium batteries, supercapacitors). Vicedirector of MATGAS since October 2010. Author of more than 150 scientific publications in refereed international journals. Scientific editor of the book "Functional Hybrid Materials" P. Gómez-Romero, C. Sanchez (Eds.) (Wiley-VCH 2004) and author of two award-winning popular science books. (“Metaevolución. La Tierra en el espejo” Celeste, 2001 and “Un planeta en busca de energía” Síntesis, 2007).


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THE HIDDEN BENEFITS OF CO2 UTILISATION

Michele Aresta

Università di Bari, Dipartimento di Chimica e CIRCC, Campus Universitario, 70126 Bari, Italy [email protected]

The various aspects of the utilisation of CO2 (technological, chemical, biotechnological) are presented with the analysis of the benefits derived from such practice. The conditions for a correct use of carbon dioxide are defined taking as reference the need to reduce the CO2 accumulation into the atmosphere. The potential of each technology is highlighted in terms of reducing the emission into the atmosphere and lowering the energy and/or material consumption either directly (recycling of carbon) or indirectly, e.g. when the use of CO2 causes the reduction of the emission of products having a much higher Climate Change Power-CCP than CO2 itself. The innovation of synthetic industrial chemistry may bring to the discovery of cleaner production processes based on CO2 that may reduce the overall emission of CO2 with respect to processes on stream because of more selective and less energy and carbon-intensive methodologies. These approaches need more research on catalysts and process development, while using new reaction media. In this area, the use of CO2 as reagent and solvent may provide a deep innovation with the development of new processes with a low emission. The thermal or electrochemical conversion of CO2 into fuels is of great interest, especially when residual energies or intermittent perennial energies can be applied to this end. The use of CO2 as a technological fluid is also very attractive. Searching for new technological applications of dense CO2 may be very useful, supposed that the new application based on CO2 will cause the reduction of use of fluids with a much higher CCP. The enhanced fixation in aquatic biomass is a very interesting application that may result in the production of quasi-zero-emission bio-fuels that may supplant the fossil fuels especially in the transportation sector, a process very much wished. Algal strains with a good productivity are known and their culture-collection-treatment-extraction processes must be improved so that they can provide large volumes of biofuels. The application of the Biorefinery concept can be a winning strategy for reducing the overall CO2 emission with an economic benefit. All together, the use of CO2 can help to reduce the impact on climate change either directly (reduced immission into the atmosphere) or indirectly (less emission of chemicals having a CCP much higher than CO2).

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Michele Aresta, Professor of Chemistry and Director of CIRCC- National Consortium on Catalysis. Chair of the Inorganic Chemistry Division of EuCheMS. Michele Aresta obtained the Bachelor in Industrial Chemistry at the University of Milan, Italy. He realized the Post-Doc at the Department of Chemistry, University College, London with Prof. Sir R.S. Nyholm in 1968-70.


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Dr. Aresta is Full Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Bari since 1985. His areas of scientific interest are: Carbon dioxide utilisation in synthetic chemistry, Catalysis, Coordination and Metallorganic chemistry, Chemistry of small molecules (H2, CO, N2, CO2, CH4, C2H4, etc.), Chemistry of metal centres in low oxidation state as catalysts in organic synthesis, Reduction of greenhouse gas emission in combustion processes, Energy saving and Renewable energy sources. Author of over 250 papers appeared in international Journals, of sixty invited papers presented at international conferences, and of several Reviews on CO2 Utilisation.


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DIRECT USES OF CO2: SUPERCRITICAL CO2

Concepción Domingo

Solid State Department, Materials Science Institute of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain

[email protected]

The use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) has transitioned, over the past twenty-five years, from a laboratory curiosity to a commercial reality, with applications not only in high-value products such as in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, foods and flavors, polymers and chemicals, but also to bulk commodity products such as textiles and concrete. Key to the evolution from small laboratory instruments to large commercial installations has been the optimization of process equipment to handle the demands of operations. Equipment optimization plays a much greater role in process design today, compared to earlier times involving extraction applications. As research continues to investigate the capabilities of CO2, new applications of the technology are developing daily. ScCO2 possesses a unique combination of gas-like viscosity and liquid-like density. The low process temperature (31 ºC) allows for gentle processing, while the low surface tension of scCO2 and its high diffusivity allows for exceptionally effective penetration. More and more industries are recognizing CO2 as a promising green technology. Increased environmental awareness had led to restrictions on previously used solvents which are now recognized as toxic. Only a few sustainable solvents remain available for future use. As industries continue to demand more efficient and greener processing, carbon dioxide remains an attractive alternative. By using carbon dioxide we avoid using traditional solvents, including hazardous chemicals and precious water resources. Unlike other solvents, CO2 can be recycled easily. Also unlike other solvents, CO2 leaves no residues behind after processing. It is also non-flammable, non-toxic and inexpensive. In most cases, the process costs are lower than comparable conventional processes. Most importantly, we don’t create any new CO2 in our processes. We use carbon dioxide that has already been captured as a byproduct of other industrial processes. It can then provide an entirely new and sustainable route to new or existing products. ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Dr. Concepción Domingo, Senior Researcher. Solid State Department, Materials Science Institute of Barcelona. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain

Concepción Domingo is a researcher of the Materials Science Institute of Barcelona (ICMAB), Spain. He received her Diploma in Chemistry and her Doctorate in Chemistry in 1988 and 1992, respectively, both from the University of Barcelona (UB), Spain. From 1994-1996 she was a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Department of Chemical Engineering of the Technical University of Delft (TU-Delft), Netherlands, starting in this period her interest on research on supercritical fluid technology, which she is continuing until today. Her research interests include supercritical fluid technology, biomaterials, cements and photocatalysis.


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ASSESSING THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF ENERGY USE BY LIFE CYCLE TECHNIQUES

Francesc Castells Piqué

Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain

[email protected]

In this presentation I will deal with the concept of Carbon Footprint from a Life Cycle perspective. I will also show how Life Cycle Assessments can be performed to different primary energy sources: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas, Solar, Eolic, Biomass; as well as for the comparison of different energy supply systems: Electricity, Gasoil, Natural Gas, Solar Thermal, Photovoltaic, Biomass. Results on Carbon Footprint with the electricity mix will also be discussed here.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Frances Castells i Piqué, Professor at the Chemical Engineering Department of the Rovira i Virgili University in Tarragona, Spain

Francesc Castells is a Full Professor of Chemical Engineering in the Chemical Engineering Department of the Rovira i Virgili University in Tarragona, Spain, and he has led the AGA Group (R&D Group in Environmental Analysis and Management) since its founding in 1995.

Dr. Castells received his degree in Chemical Engineering from Institut Químic de Sarrià, Barcelona, Spain in 1970, his Diplôme d'Etudes Approfondies from Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France in 1972, his PhD from Institut du Génie Chimique, Toulouse, in 1974. From February, 1974, to October, 1976, he worked as Plant Chemical Engineer in the Production Department of the Petrochemical Industry “Industrias Químicas Asociadas, S.A.”, in Tarragona. In 1976 he joined the Chemical Engineering Department of Rovira i Virgili University, where he has developed a wide teaching and research activity in the field of process and environmental engineering. He also served as director of the School of Chemical Engineering (Rovira i Virgili University) from April, 1997, to November, 2001.

Dr Castells has directed research in the field of energy management in process industries, and integration of absorption cycles in energy networks of process plants. Current main research fields are environmental engineering, applications of life-cycle assessment, impact assessment, environmental cost evaluation, eco-design, and sustainable development models.


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THE ROLE OF HYDROGEN IN ENERGY STORAGE

Andreas Züttel

Head of Division on Hydrogen & Energy, EMPA, Switzerland

[email protected]

The worldwide energy demand increases just as rapidly as the average temperature of the atmosphere. The reserves of fossil fuels worldwide are limited and the combustion of the carbon fuels leads to a severe increase of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The latter is responsible for the climate change. The future of the industrialized world, i.e. the economy as well as the society, is determined by the ability to change from fossil fuels as energy carriers to renewable energy. The main difference between the fossil period and the future is the requirement of producing synthetic energy carriers. Hydrogen as an energy carrier opens the path to a society based on renewable energy. The storage of hydrogen in metals and complex hydrides as stable compounds offers a great volumetric storage density, however the gravimetric storage density is limited to less than 20mass% in the materials. In order to replace fossil fuels without scarification on energy density synthetic fuels based on hydrogen e.g. NH3 or C8H18 have to be developed. The latter also represents an effective CO2 sink for the atmosphere.

Fig. 1 Volumetric vs. gravimetric energy density for the various energy carriers used today.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Andreas Züttel, Head of Division on Hydrogen & Energy, EMPA, Switzerland. Andreas Züttel obtained, in 1985, his degree in Chemical Engineering in Burgdorf (Switzerland), and a Diploma in Physics from the University of Fribourg, UniFR (Switzerland), in 1993. One year later, he received the Post-doc, "Amorphous hydrides and optical films", with AT&T Bell Labs in


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Murray Hill, New Jersey (USA). Andreas Züttel is Head of the Metalhydride and Energy Storage Group in the Physics Department UniFR, Lecturer at the Physics Department UniFR, Vice-president of the Swiss hydrogen association "Hydropole", Member of the Scientific Advisory Board of IMRA EUROPE, Member of the Advisory Committee of HERA. Dr. Züttel is, also, External professor at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands), Vice-President of the Swiss Physical Society (SPS), President of the Swiss Hydrogen Association „HYDROPOLE“, Head of the section “Hydrogen & Energy” at EMPA the Swiss National Institution for Materials Sciences and Technology. Prof. tit. in the Physics department UniFR, and Head of the Research Program „Material Sciences and Technology for Energy“ at EMPA.


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HYDROGEN GENERATION: AN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE

Timothy C. Golden

Centre of Excellence in Adsorption, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, PA 18195, USA

[email protected]

The current global production of hydrogen is about 50 million tons per year. That hydrogen finds uses in metals treating, chemicals production, electronics applications and refinery operations. The vast majority of hydrogen produced commercially is generated by steam reforming of natural gas followed by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) purification to produce pure hydrogen. About 98% of the current hydrogen production in the world is hydrocarbon-based.

More recently, there has been significant discussion and debate about the possibility of using hydrogen as an energy source. It has been estimated that hydrogen production of 2 billion tons per year would be required for worldwide energy production if from fuel cells. While it is clear that a hydrogen economy is a ways off, there is significant work ongoing to demonstrate the feasibility of using hydrogen as a fuel as issues of energy security, air pollution and climate change cause us to rethink our current hydrocarbon-based energy approach. The use of hydrogen as a fuel continues to grow as today hydrogen fuel is finding applications in cars, buses, forklifts, submarines and cell phone towers. If hydrogen is to become a sustainable fuel, today’s hydrocarbon-based production must be replaced by renewable avenues. Nonetheless, current hydrocarbon-based hydrogen production may provide a pathway for future renewable hydrogen production. An example of one such development will be presented.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Timothy C. Golden is a Principal Research Associate at Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. After gaining a B.S. degree in Chemistry at Wilkes College in 1978, he enrolled in the Fuel Science program at Penn State and earned his Ph.D in 1981. After a stint as a post-doc, Tim joined Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. in 1983. Since that time, Tim has worked in R&D in the area of adsorptive separation and purification of gases. He has worked on the

development of various adsorption-based separation processes including landfill gas purification, non-cryogenic O2, N2 and CO production, pressure swing adsorption for the production of hydrogen, improved air pre-purification technologies for cryogenic air separation, Xe recovery and recycle systems, recovery of monomers from polyolefin plants and purification of NF3. Tim is the inventor on 57 US patents and author of 42 papers and book chapters. He is on the editorial board of the Journal of Porous Materials and Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. Tim is married with two children and enjoys playing soccer, traveling and pubs.


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SUSTAINABLE HYDROGEN FROM WASTE/BIOMASS

Jose Luis García-Fierro

Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain [email protected]

The large-scale production of hydrogen from natural gas and other available hydrocarbons through catalytic reforming processes remains the cheapest source of hydrogen. Notwithstanding hydrogen production according to reforming technologies produces massive amounts of CO2, which have some impact on global warming. To reduce CO2 emissions, alternative C-containing renewable precursors can be employed for this purpose. Biomass precursors derived from plant crops, agricultural residues, woody biomass, etc., are being used for generating heat, electricity, and liquid transportation fuels (ethanol, sugars). Thermal conversion of biomass precursors can be converted to a gas mixture from which hydrogen is extracted. Virtually no net greenhouse gas emissions result because a natural cycle is maintained, in which carbon is extracted from the atmosphere during plant growth and is released during hydrogen production although time constants of the carbon cycle are different.

In this presentation, the potential of thermo-chemical processes based on pyrolysis and gasification of biomass are examined. Such processes reached considerable development, offering high efficiency and good environmental performance characteristics. Advanced pyrolysis processes are already commercial and can be used to manufacture hydrogen, syngas or chemical intermediates. In particular, gasification at both large and small scales offers a route to hydrogen. Under supercritical conditions, the technology appears quite promising even though important developments are required.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

José Luís García Fierro, Leader of the Research Group “Energy and Sustainable Chemistry”, ICP-CSIC, Spain Professor José L. G. Fierro, born in León (Spain), graduated in Chemistry at the Universidad de Oviedo in 1973 and received his PhD degree at the Universidad Complutense of Madrid in 1976. He is Research Professor at the Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica/CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, where he leads the Research Group “Energy and Sustainable Chemistry”. Current research lines concentrate in hydrogen production, sun energy

transformation and storage, fuel cells, natural gas and syngas conversion, biofuels, solid-state chemistry, catalytic combustion, environmental catalysis solid-state and surface chemistry. His current research projects are focused in the fields of Energy, Environment and Petrochemistry, funded by industries, public research agencies and Ministry of Science and Innovation (Spain). He is co-author of 900 publications in prestigious refereed journals, and co-author of 8 books. He has been a plenary speaker at many congresses, seminars and scientific events held at numerous national and international Universities, research centres and companies. He has already contributed to international congresses and symposia with more than 250 presentations. He holds 32 patents, 6 of them under exploitation. He received the 2004 Award on Renewable Energies and in 2006 the Award to the best Spanish


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patent. In 2008 he received the Senior Research Price of the Latinamerican Federations Societies in Catalysis (FISOCAT), and the Senior Research Award “Miguel Catalan”. In 2009 he was awarded with the Honoris Causa Doctorate from the University of Patras (Greece).


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SUPPORTING PRODUCT AND PROCESS DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY USING

QUANTUM BASED CALCULATIONS

Agnes Derecskei

Computational Modeling Center R&D, Air Products and Chemicals, USA [email protected]

The role of different modeling techniques has been continuously growing in industry during the past few decades. This trend is partly due to the ever increasing reliability of the models developed along with the speed they may be created today; and partly, due to the ever increasing need of R&D organizations to become more effective and flexible. Effective use of modeling may reduce the experimental effort and the simulations often help to make products and processes environmentally safer and more energy effective. Computational chemistry is a part of this toolset: quantum based and classical methods are routinely used today in industrial problem solving. Application of quantum based methods provides valuable insight into the thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions with wide ranging applications in product and process development. In this talk, we will discuss a variety of examples for using traditional ab initio and density functional based techniques as part of project activity at Air Products supplying a unique portfolio of atmospheric gases, process and specialty gases, performance materials, equipment and services worldwide.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Agnes Derecskei-Kovacs, Computational Modeling Center R&D, Air Products and Chemicals, USA Agnes Derecskei was born and raised in Hungary. She graduated from the Lajos Kossuth University in Debrecen, Hungary majoring in Physics and earned her PhD in Atomic and Molecular Physics while working for the Department of Theoretical Physics at the same university. With her husband and daughter, she moved to the US in 1990 and earned a second degree in Mathematical Sciences/Chemistry at the University of Texas at

Arlington. After a year of Post-doc, she worked for the University of Vermont as a visiting assistant professor and for the Texas A&M University as the Manager of the Laboratory for Molecular Simulations. She started her industrial carrier at Millennium Chemicals in the Baltimore area in 2000 as a molecular modeler focusing mainly on calculations related to the bulk and surface properties of titanium dioxide. Agnes joined Air Products in early 2010 working for the Computational Modeling Center as a Research Associate. In this role, she is responsible for the computational chemistry support globally for all Air Products businesses including simulations in the gas phase and solid surfaces, electronic and mechanical properties, thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions of interest for the company.


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MOLECULAR SIMULATION IN POROUS SYSTEMS: MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ADSORPTION BEHAVIOUR AS CASE

STUDIES

Enrique Lomba

Director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)

[email protected]

In the present talk we intend to stress the importance of molecular simulation as an aid for the design and interpretation of experimental results of new porous materials, as well as its use to get a better understanding of the adsorption behaviour in well characterized systems. To that purpose we will focus on two study case in which our group has been involved in recent years. First we will briefly discuss the use of molecular simulation approaches to elucidate the structure of recently synthesized nanoporous carbon materials, and secondly we will address the problem of anomalous packing densities of linear hydrocarbons in ZSM-11 and ZSM-5 zeolites. ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Enrique Lomba García, Director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry (CSIC). Enrique Lomba obtained a MsC in Chemistry (Chemical Physics) in 1985, UCM (Madrid) and the PhD in Chemistry in 1988, UCM (Madrid), with honours qualification in 1988. In his postdoctoral stays, he was in the Institutt for Teoretisk Fysikk, NTH, Trondheim, Norway, under the supervision of Prof. J.J. Hoye (1989-1990), and in the Dept. Of Chemistry, State University

of New York at Stony Brook, under the supervision of Prof. G. Stell (1991-1992). His researcher position was Staff Researcher of the CSIC since 1990 and Research Professor of the CSIC since 2006. At present, Dr. Lomba is the Director of the Institute of Physical Chemistry, CSIC since 2006. During his professional carrier, he has obtained 115 publications in ISI journals, with an H index of 20, and he was granted with the PI in 5 nations and in 2 regional grants. Enrique Lomba is member of the editorial board of Molecular Physics between 2001-2003, and Condensed Matter Physics since 2011.


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ATOMISTIC MODELING OF CATALYTIC WATER OXIDATION

Agustí Lledós

Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

[email protected]

The development of new energy sources is perhaps the main challenge of modern chemistry. One of the most promising solutions is artificial photosynthesis, in which solar energy is used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen.[1] The key reaction in this process is the oxidation of water to oxygen. This reaction is thermodynamically uphill and requires catalysis. The mononuclear iridium complexes reported by Bernhard[2] and Crabtree[3] are amongst the most efficient catalysts for water oxidation. These catalysts are studied at the DFT level in order to clarify the nature of the active species and the reaction mechanism. The calculations show that the reaction follows an intermolecular acid/base mechanism. In the key step, water transfers one proton to an internal base and the resulting hydroxide makes the O-O bond by attacking the oxo ligand of the active species (Figure).[4] Additional molecules of water may also participate in the mechanism, because water is not only the reactant but also the solvent. This feature is being investigated by means of quantum mechanics molecular dynamics calculations with the CPMD approach. Periodic DFT calculations are also being carried out to study heterogeneous water oxidation catalysts. These studies focus on the structure and reactivity of the iridium oxide surface of the blue layer catalyst.[5]

[1] Cook, T. R.; Dogutan, D. K.; Reece, S. Y.; Surendranath, Y.; Teets, T. S.; Nocera, D. G. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6474–6502. [2] McDaniel, N. D.; Coughlin, F. J.; Tinker, L. L.; Bernhard, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 210–217. [3] Hull, J. F.; Balcells, D.; Blakemore, J. D.; Incarvito, C. D.; Eisenstein, O.; Brudvig, G. W.; Crabtree, R. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 8730–8731. [4] Vilella, L.; Vidossich, P.; Balcells, D.; Lledós, A. submitted. [5] Blakemore, J. D.; Schley, N. D.; Olack, G. W.; Incarvito, C. D.; Brudvig, G. W.; Crabtree, R. H. Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 94–98.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Agustí Lledós, Full Professor of Physical Chemistry, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) since 1994. Group Leader “Molecular Modeling of Transition Metal Systems Group”. Agustí Lledós was Graduated (B. S.) in Chemistry (1980) from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Ph. D. in Chemistry (1984) from UAB. Post-doctoral fellow, Université de Paris-Sud (Orsay, 1985-86). His research interests are the Theoretical and computational transition metal

chemistry, and the Computational modeling of the organometallic reactivity and homogeneous catalysis processes. And he offers services in Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) as


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Coordinator of the project selection committee on Chemistry and Material Science Areas (2006-2008), and in the Spanish Agency of Research Evaluation (ANEP) as Coordinator of the Chemistry area (since October 2008). Prof. Lledós has published to date more than 250 articles in peer-review journals (more than 80 in the last five years); between them 31 in J. Am. Chem. Soc., 23 in Chem. Eur. J., 8 in Chem. Commun., 5 in Angew. 2 in Chem. Soc. Rev. and 1 in Chem. Rev. Coeditor of the book "Computational Modeling of Homogeneous Catalysis", published by Kluwer in 2002. Director of 16 Ph. D. theses already completed. Principal Investigator in 16 research projects funded by Catalan, Spanish and European agencies. (Hirsch’s index: 36) The main awards obtainer by Professor Lledós are: “Distinction for the Promotion of University Research”, Generalitat de Catalunya, 2004. “Real Sociedad Española de Química”, RSEQ-Bruker Award for Physical Chemistry, 2008. “Award to the Research Excelence 2008”, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.


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ROUND TABLE: FUTURE TRENDS IN ENERGY, SUSTAINABILITY AND

ENVIRONMENT This round table, lead by Prof. Xavier Obradors. After a short presentation by the coordinator a summary of the main issues raised by the previous presenters, will be done by experts, focused on the different areas:

Materials and Energy: Carles Miravitlles, Research Professor at ICMAB-CSIC Hydrogen: Javier Rodriguez-Viejo, from MATGAS and the Physics

Department at UAB CO2 capture and utilization: Lourdes F. Vega, MATGAS Director and Air

Products and Chemicals Energy and Sustainability: lead by Georges Decrop, Merchan Gases, Air

Products and Chemicals, Member of the MATGAS Board of Directors The session will be then open for discussions from the audience

ABOUT THE PARTICIPANTS

Xavier Obradors, is the Director of the Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC).

Xavier Obradors was born in 1956, in Manresa, Spain. He is married and has two children. He received his PhD in Physics from Barcelona (Spain) in 1982 and in Materials Science from Grenoble (France) in 1983. He spent his postdoctoral research at Argonne National Laboratory and at the University of California at San Diego. At present he is the director of the Institute of

Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) where he has been the head of the Department of Magnetic and Superconducting Materials for more than a decade.

He has received numerous awards, particularly the Materials Science national award of Spain, the medal to the scientific achievements "Narcis de Monturiol", Catalan Government, the ENDESA-NOVARE Prize to Energy Efficiency, the Duran i Farell Prize to the Technological Research, Chevalier dans l’Ordre des Palmes Academiques, France. He is member of the Royal Academy of Science and Arts of Barcelona and Doctor Honoris Causa of University of Pitesti, Rumania. He is a fellow of the Institute of Physics (U.K.), editor of Physica C and has been in the editorial Board of Superconducting Science and Technology. He is the president of the European Society of Applied Superconductivity, member of many societies (American Physical Society, Materials Research Society) and he has coordinated many large Spanish and European research projects on superconductivity, nanoscience and magnetic materials. He has authored more than 480 research publications, having received more than 6000 citations, and 13 patents in the fields of materials preparation, structural and physical characterization and applications of magnetic and superconducting materials. 21 students have obtained their Ph.D.s with Professor Obradors, and he has promoted a spin-off company. He has served as scientific advisor or in evaluation panels in many countries and he is consultant of companies and technological centers.


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Carles Miravitlles, Research Professor at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Professor Carles Miravitlles Torras is a Research Professor at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Director and Founder of the Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB of CSIC) from 1986 to 2008, and director of the Eduardo Torroja Institute of the Cement and Construction in Madrid (IETcc of CSIC) from 2008 to 2009. He was one of the founders of MATGAS, and his Vice-Director since 2001 until

2008. His Scientific interest is in Structural Crystallography and in X-ray diffraction, principally in direct Methods for Solving Crystal Structures. Is the president of the Spanish Crystallographic Committee, and member and former vice-secretary of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Barcelona, is also member of the European Academy in the Chemistry Section. He published more than 300 scientific articles in international Journals.

Javier Rodríguez Viejo, Professor in the UAB Research Park. Vice-director of MATGAS. Javier Rodríguez received his bachelor degree in physics at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) in 1988. He carried out his PhD at the Institut des Materiaux et Procèdès, (CNRS) Odeillo, France and received his PhD at UAB in 1992. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the Massachusetts

Institute of Technology working with Prof. Klavs F. Jensen and Prof. M.G. Bawendi on the synthesis of highly-luminescent CdSe(ZnS) quantum dots and the deposition of thin film quantum dot composites by electrospray organometallic chemical vapor deposition. His actual research interests revolve around the changes in physical properties at the nanoscale focusing on the nanocalorimetry of ultrathin films to analyze size-effects on phase transitions and energy conversion using thermoelectric materials. He has authored around 85 scientific papers in ISI journals with more than 2000 citations, has supervised 15 master and 8 PhD thesis and holds 6 Spanish and 2 international patents. Dr. Rodriguez-Viejo is Associate Professor of the Physics Department at UAB since 1997 and the vice-director of MATGAS since 2008. Dr. Javier Rodríguez leads the Nanomaterials and Microsystems research group at UAB and the Grupo de Física i Enginyeria de Materials (a joint group between researchers at UAB and the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, UPC). He has being the coordinator for PhD studies at UAB from 2002-2008 and one of the experts participating in the foundation of the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology bachelor recently initiated at UAB. He has recently been appointed coordinator of the Master in Synchrotron Radiation offered by CELLS and UAB.

Lourdes F. Vega is the R&D Director of Air Products Spain (Carburos Metálicos) and the Director of MATGAS, a Joint Venture among Air Products, the National Research Council of Spain (CSIC) and the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB).

Lourdes received her BSc and Ms in Physics from the University of Seville (Spain) in 1988. She joined the Statistical Mechanics PhD program in the


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same University, working in a joint project with the Chemical Engineering department of the University of Southern California, in Los Angeles (USA), where she spent more than 2 years. After obtaining the PhD in Physics in 1992, she joined the Chemical Engineering School of Cornell University (USA) as a Postdoctoral Associate, until 1995. She became an Assistant Professor at the Chemical Engineering department of the Universitat Rovira I Virgili (Tarragona, Spain) in 1995, where she founded the Molecular Modeling group; she was an Associate professor at the same department from 1997 until 2003. During these years at the University she held different positions, including the Vicedirector of the Chemical Engineering School for External Relations. In 2003 she joined the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) as a Senior Researcher, leading the Molecular Simulation group.

Lourdes joined Air Products April 2007, as the director of R&D Spain and MATGAS, managing the center for Air Products and for the rest of the partners. In research she is leading the computational modeling group and the research projects of Air Products, as well as externally funded projects. She is the technical lead of the SOST-CO2 project, a consortium of 14 companies and 29 research institutions, focused on new sustainable industrial applications of CO2 and managed by the MATGAS and Carburos Metálicos teams; she is also participating in another consortium on sustainable biorefinery and several projects related to modeling and simulation. She is the author of one book on CO2 as a resource and more than 100 papers in referred journals; she has supervised 6 PhD thesis. She was elected Physicist of Excellence in 2010 by the Spanish Collegiate of Physicists.

Lourdes was born in 1965 in Villanueva del Fresno, Badajoz (Spain). She is married and has three children. She likes soccer, reading and movies.

Georges Decrop, Global Strategic Marketing & Development. Director, Merchant Gases Georges Decrop was appointed global strategic marketing & development director for Air Products Merchant Gases business in May 2006. He is responsible for establishing global marketing tools, systems and work processes for the global Liquid/Bulk and Generated Gases businesses; identifying global strategies and vehicles to profitably grow the global

Merchant Gases business; and driving new technology, applications and product development plans based on future market needs. Georges joined Air Products in 1985 as a participant in the company’s Career Development Program with assignments in Product Management and Applied Research & Development. He subsequently moved through a series of commercial positions of increasing responsibility in Bulk Sales, Packaged Gases, Marketing, Customer Generation, and the Food and Cryogenics group in Europe. In 1998 Mr. Decrop assumed the role of Liquid Division director, Carburos Metalicos (Barcelona) and in 2001 relocated to the company’s U.S. headquarters near Allentown, Pa. where he was named business manager, Liquid/Bulk for North America. Mr. Decrop was born in 1959 in Tangier, Morocco. He attended Ecole des Mines (France) where he qualified as an Ingenieur Civil des Mines in 1983.


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CLOSING REMARKS

Martha Collins Director, Global Technology Centers, Air Products, Allentown, USA

[email protected]

Jordi Marquet Director of the Research Parc, UAB, Spain

[email protected]

Martha J. Collins, Director, Global Technology Center, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. VicePresident of the MATGAS Board of Directors.

Dr. Collins has 21 years experience as an innovator in chemical and gases industries. She has worked in both corporate and business-facing technology organizations helping business teams develop and acquire new products,

platforms and technologies. Currently, Martha is the Director of the Global Technology Center for Air Products and Chemicals, Inc, an organization that develops and implements new and enhanced technologies for the full technology platform across all Air Products businesses. She was also elected in May 2009 to the Board of Directors for the Industrial Research Institute – the leading U.S. association of companies and federal labs working together to enhance the effectiveness of technological innovation in industry. Previously, she has held positions at Air Products as Business Technology Manager (BTM) for the HyCO tonnage business, Director of New Applications in the Materials Research Center, and BTM for the Advanced Materials New Business in the Performance Materials business. She also served for 2 years as the Air Products board observer for a startup company, Solicore, a company specializing in manufacture and applications for ultra-thin, flexible lithium polymer batteries. Prior to joining Air Products, Martha was a member of a new business team that both built and acquired a new waterborne platform, new products and new technologies for Eastman Chemical Company. Martha spent time early in her career developing and commercializing profitable new products and technologies for the Solvent and Coatings Materials Division of Union Carbide Corporation. Martha holds a PhD from the University of California, Davis and 14 U.S. patents; she grew up in San Diego, CA; is married and the mother of three sons.

Jordi Marquet, Director of the UAB Research Park. Vice President of the MATGAS Board of Directors. Jordi Marquet was born in 1953, in Barcelona, Spain. He is married and has two children. Since 1980 he holds a PhD in Organic Chemistry from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). After completing his doctoral degree, he undertook some postdoctoral research stays, among which it is worth mentioning his stay at the University of Florida (USA) from 1980 to 1982, where his research was focused on Heterocyclic Chemistry. Later on,

in 1986, he was invited to Leiden University (The Netherlands) to carry out a research project in Photochemistry. Between 1983 and 1993 he was Associated Professor in the UAB and since 1993 he is Full Professor of Organic Chemistry in the Chemistry Department of UAB.


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He has held different senior management positions at the UAB, starting in 1996, when he was elected Director of the Chemistry Department and in 2002 he was named Vice rector for Human Resources, a post he held until 2006, when he became Vice rector for Strategic Projects – Research Park. Currently, he holds the directorship of the UAB Research Park, a position he was nominated for in 2007). Since 2006, he is also acting as a consultant for Henkel Technologies. His research interests are focused on the study of the fundamental aspects of chemical reactivity, especially the activation of chemical processes for environmentally-friendly methods (Photochemistry, Electrochemistry and Catalysis). He has more than 120 publications in international journals and has supervised 14 doctoral theses and holds 5 registered patents.


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