international criminal law - united...
TRANSCRIPT
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW
JUDGE KEVIN RIORDAN
Outline
Legal instruments and documents
1. Affirmation of the Principles of International Law recognized by the Charter of the
Nuremberg Tribunal (United Nations General Assembly resolution 95 (I) of 11
December 1946)
2. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1951
3. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid,
1973
4. Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment, 1984
For text, see The Core International Human Rights Treaties, Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights, United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2014,
p. 181
5. United Nations Security Council resolution 827 (1993) of 25 May 1993
6. United Nations Security Council resolution 955 (1994) of 8 November 1994
7. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 1998
For text, see Core Legal Texts of the International Criminal Court
8. Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the International Criminal Court, 2002
For text, see Core Legal Texts of the International Criminal Court
9. Elements of Crimes
For text, see Core Legal Texts of the International Criminal Court
10. Amendments to article 8 of the Rome Statute (Resolution RC/Res.5, Assembly of States
Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court), Kampala, 10 June 2010
For text, see Core Legal Texts of the International Criminal Court
11. The crime of aggression (Resolution RC/Res.6, Assembly of States Parties to the Rome
Statute of the International Criminal Court) Kampala, 11 June 2010
12. Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of Sierra Leone on the
Establishment of a Special Court for Sierra Leone (with Statute), 2002
13. United Nations Security Council resolution 1400 (2002) of 28 March 2002
14. Law on the Establishment of Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia for the
Prosecution of Crimes Committed During the Period of Democratic Kampuchea, with
inclusion of amendments as promulgated on 27 October 2004, NS/RKM/1004/006
Recommended further readings (electronic format)
Legal instruments and documents
15. Agreement for the Prosecution and Punishment of the Major War Criminals of the
European Axis and Charter of the International Military Tribunal, 1945
16. Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (as amended),
1993
17. Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former
Yugoslavia (as amended), 2010
18. United Nations Security Council resolution 1966 (2010) of 22 December 2010
19. Regulation No. 2000/15 on the Establishment of Panels with Exclusive Jurisdiction over
Serious Criminal Offences, United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor,
UNTAET/REG/2000/15, 6 June 2000
20. Agreement between the United Nations and the Lebanese Republic on the establishment
of a Special Tribunal for Lebanon (with Statute) (United Nations Security Council
resolution 1757 (2007) of 30 May 2007, annex)
Case law
21. Prosecutor v. Zejnil Delalić et al., ICTY, 16 November 1998 (“Čelebići”) (summary)
22. Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 (Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Belgium),
Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2002, p. 3
23. Prosecutor v. Duško Tadić, ICTY Appeals Chamber, 2 October 1995 (Decision on the
Defence Motion for Interlocutory Appeal on Jurisdiction)
24. Prosecutor v. Jean-Paul Akayesu, ICTR, 2 September 1998
25. Prosecutor v. Anto Furundžija, ICTY, 10 December 1998
26. Prosecutor v. Zejnil Delalić et al., ICTY Appeals Chamber, 20 February 2001
(“Čelebići”)
27. Prosecutor v. Dario Kordić and Mario Čerkez, ICTY, 26 February 2001
28. Prosecutor v. Enver Hadžihasanović and Amir Kubura, ICTY Appeals Chamber,
22 April 2008
29. Prosecutor v. Alfred Musema, ICTR, 27 January 2000
30. Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo, ICC, 14 March 2012
31. Prosecutor v. Ante Gotovina and Mladen Markać, ICTY Appeals Chamber,
16 November 2012
32. Prosecutor v. Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui, ICC, 18 December 2012
COURSE OUTLINE - INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW
Course description
The course will focus on the four crimes most generally recognized as comprising international
criminal law, namely: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and aggression.
The course will examine the jurisprudence of international criminal tribunals, including the
Nuremberg, Tokyo, Rwanda, and former Yugoslavia tribunals. More recent “hybrid” tribunals
will be examined as will the genesis of the International Criminal Court. The course will
consider the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, in particular the crimes set out in
that Statute.
The course will also look at the special elements of international criminal liability including
universal jurisdiction, command responsibility, joint criminal enterprise, duress and superior
orders.
Objectives
At the conclusion of the course, students should be able to:
• Display an understanding of the underlying principles of international criminal law.
• Apply the principles of international criminal law to contemporary issues of concern to
the international community.
Course content
The course structure will include the following topics:
1. Sources and principles of international criminal law
2. The concept of international criminal responsibility including individual responsibility,
joint criminal enterprise and command responsibility
3. Aggression (crimes against the peace)
4. Crimes against humanity
5. Genocide
6. War crimes
7. Defences and excuses in international criminal law including superior orders
8. International criminal law – discussions and perspectives
111
Affirmation of the Principles of International Law recognized by the Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal
United Nations General Assembly resolution 95 (I) of 11 December
1946
119
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1948
UNTS, vol. 78, p. 278
122
123
124
125
International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid, 1973
UNTS, vol. 1015, p. 244
128
129
130
131
United Nations Security Council resolution 827 (1993) of 25 May 1993 (International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia)
134
135
United Nations Security Council resolution 955 (1994) of 8 November 1994 (International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda)
UN
ITE
DU
NIT
ED
SN
AT
ION
SN
AT
ION
S
Sec
uri
tyC
ou
nci
lDistr.
GENERAL
S/RES/955(1994)*
8November1994
RESOLUTION955(1994)
AdoptedbytheSecurityCouncilatits3453rdmeeting,
on8November1994
TheSecurityCouncil,
ReaffirmingallitspreviousresolutionsonthesituationinRwanda,
HavingconsideredthereportsoftheSecretary-Generalpursuantto
paragraph3ofresolution935(1994)of1July1994(S/1994/879andS/1994/906),
andhavingtakennoteofthereportsoftheSpecialRapporteurforRwandaofthe
UnitedNationsCommissiononHumanRights(S/1994/1157,annexIandannexII),
ExpressingappreciationfortheworkoftheCommissionofExperts
establishedpursuanttoresolution935(1994),inparticularitspreliminary
reportonviolationsofinternationalhumanitarianlawinRwandatransmittedby
theSecretary-General’sletterof1October1994(S/1994/1125),
Expressingonceagainitsgraveconcernatthereportsindicatingthat
genocideandothersystematic,widespreadandflagrantviolationsof
internationalhumanitarianlawhavebeencommittedinRwanda,
Determiningthatthissituationcontinuestoconstituteathreatto
internationalpeaceandsecurity,
Determinedtoputanendtosuchcrimesandtotakeeffectivemeasuresto
bringtojusticethepersonswhoareresponsibleforthem,
ConvincedthatintheparticularcircumstancesofRwanda,theprosecution
ofpersonsresponsibleforseriousviolationsofinternationalhumanitarianlaw
wouldenablethisaimtobeachievedandwouldcontributetotheprocessof
nationalreconciliationandtotherestorationandmaintenanceofpeace,
________________________
*Reissuedfortechnicalreasons.
95-14097(E)
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page2 Believingthattheestablishmentofaninternationaltribunalforthe
prosecutionofpersonsresponsibleforgenocideandtheotherabove-mentioned
violationsofinternationalhumanitarianlawwillcontributetoensuringthat
suchviolationsarehaltedandeffectivelyredressed,
Stressingalsotheneedforinternationalcooperationtostrengthenthe
courtsandjudicialsystemofRwanda,havingregardinparticulartothe
necessityforthosecourtstodealwithlargenumbersofsuspects,
ConsideringthattheCommissionofExpertsestablishedpursuantto
resolution935(1994)shouldcontinueonanurgentbasisthecollectionof
informationrelatingtoevidenceofgraveviolationsofinternational
humanitarianlawcommittedintheterritoryofRwandaandshouldsubmitits
finalreporttotheSecretary-Generalby30November1994,
ActingunderChapterVIIoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations,
1.
Decideshereby,havingreceivedtherequestoftheGovernmentof
Rwanda(S/1994/1115),toestablishaninternationaltribunalforthesole
purposeofprosecutingpersonsresponsibleforgenocideandotherserious
violationsofinternationalhumanitarianlawcommittedintheterritoryof
RwandaandRwandancitizensresponsibleforgenocideandothersuchviolations
committedintheterritoryofneighbouringStates,between1January1994and
31December1994andtothisendtoadopttheStatuteoftheInternational
CriminalTribunalforRwandaannexedhereto;
2.
DecidesthatallStatesshallcooperatefullywiththeInternational
Tribunalanditsorgansinaccordancewiththepresentresolutionandthe
StatuteoftheInternationalTribunalandthatconsequentlyallStatesshall
takeanymeasuresnecessaryundertheirdomesticlawtoimplementtheprovisions
ofthepresentresolutionandtheStatute,includingtheobligationofStatesto
complywithrequestsforassistanceorordersissuedbyaTrialChamberunder
Article28oftheStatute,andrequestsStatestokeeptheSecretary-General
informedofsuchmeasures;
3.
Considers
thattheGovernmentofRwandashouldbenotifiedpriorto
thetakingofdecisionsunderarticles26and27oftheStatute;
4.
UrgesStatesandintergovernmentalandnon-governmentalorganizations
tocontributefunds,equipmentandservicestotheInternationalTribunal,
includingtheofferofexpertpersonnel;
5.
RequeststheSecretary-Generaltoimplementthisresolutionurgently
andinparticulartomakepracticalarrangementsfortheeffectivefunctioning
oftheInternationalTribunal,includingrecommendationstotheCouncilasto
possiblelocationsfortheseatoftheInternationalTribunalattheearliest
timeandtoreportperiodicallytotheCouncil;
6.
DecidesthattheseatoftheInternationalTribunalshallbe
determinedbytheCouncilhavingregardtoconsiderationsofjusticeand
fairnessaswellasadministrativeefficiency,includingaccesstowitnesses,
andeconomy,andsubjecttotheconclusionofappropriatearrangementsbetween /...
138
S/RES/955(1994)
Page3
theUnitedNationsandtheStateoftheseat,acceptabletotheCouncil,having
regardtothefactthattheInternationalTribunalmaymeetawayfromitsseat
whenitconsidersitnecessaryfortheefficientexerciseofitsfunctions;and
decides
thatanofficewillbeestablishedandproceedingswillbeconductedin
Rwanda,wherefeasibleandappropriate,subjecttotheconclusionofsimilar
appropriatearrangements;
7.
DecidestoconsiderincreasingthenumberofjudgesandTrialChambers
oftheInternationalTribunalifitbecomesnecessary;
8.
Decidestoremainactivelyseizedofthematter.
Annex
StatuteoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda
HavingbeenestablishedbytheSecurityCouncilactingunderChapterVIIof
theCharteroftheUnitedNations,theInternationalCriminalTribunalforthe
ProsecutionofPersonsResponsibleforGenocideandOtherSeriousViolationsof
InternationalHumanitarianLawCommittedintheTerritoryofRwandaandRwandan
citizensresponsibleforgenocideandothersuchviolationscommittedinthe
territoryofneighbouringStates,between1January1994and31December1994
(hereinafterreferredtoas"theInternationalTribunalforRwanda")shall
functioninaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthepresentStatute.
Article1
CompetenceoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhavethepowertoprosecute
personsresponsibleforseriousviolationsofinternationalhumanitarianlaw
committedintheterritoryofRwandaandRwandancitizensresponsibleforsuch
violationscommittedintheterritoryofneighbouringStates,between
1January1994and31December1994,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe
presentStatute.
Article2
Genocide
1.
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhavethepowerto
prosecutepersonscommittinggenocideasdefinedinparagraph2ofthisarticle
orofcommittinganyoftheotheractsenumeratedinparagraph3ofthis
article.
2.
Genocidemeansanyofthefollowingactscommittedwithintentto
destroy,inwholeorinpart,anational,ethnical,racialorreligiousgroup,
assuch:
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page4 (a)
Killingmembersofthegroup;
(b)
Causingseriousbodilyormentalharmtomembersofthegroup;
(c)
Deliberatelyinflictingonthegroupconditionsoflifecalculatedto
bringaboutitsphysicaldestructioninwholeorinpart;
(d)
Imposingmeasuresintendedtopreventbirthswithinthegroup;
(e)
Forciblytransferringchildrenofthegrouptoanothergroup.
3.
Thefollowingactsshallbepunishable:
(a)
Genocide;
(b)
Conspiracytocommitgenocide;
(c)
Directandpublicincitementtocommitgenocide;
(d)
Attempttocommitgenocide;
(e)
Complicityingenocide.
Article3
Crimesagainsthumanity
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhavethepowertoprosecute
personsresponsibleforthefollowingcrimeswhencommittedaspartofa
widespreadorsystematicattackagainstanycivilianpopulationonnational,
political,ethnic,racialorreligiousgrounds:
(a)
Murder;
(b)
Extermination;
(c)
Enslavement;
(d)
Deportation;
(e)
Imprisonment;
(f)
Torture;
(g)
Rape;
(h)
Persecutionsonpolitical,racialandreligiousgrounds;
(i)
Otherinhumaneacts.
/...
139
S/RES/955(1994)
Page5
Article4
ViolationsofArticle3commontotheGeneva
ConventionsandofAdditionalProtocolII
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhavethepowertoprosecute
personscommittingororderingtobecommittedseriousviolationsof
Article3commontotheGenevaConventionsof12August1949fortheProtection
ofWarVictims,andofAdditionalProtocolIItheretoof8June1977.
These
violationsshallinclude,butshallnotbelimitedto:
(a)
Violencetolife,healthandphysicalormentalwell-beingofpersons,
inparticularmurderaswellascrueltreatmentsuchastorture,mutilationor
anyformofcorporalpunishment;
(b)
Collectivepunishments;
(c)
Takingofhostages;
(d)
Actsofterrorism;
(e)
Outragesuponpersonaldignity,inparticularhumiliatingand
degradingtreatment,rape,enforcedprostitutionandanyformofindecent
assault;
(f)
Pillage;
(g)
Thepassingofsentencesandthecarryingoutofexecutionswithout
previousjudgementpronouncedbyaregularlyconstitutedcourt,affordingall
thejudicialguaranteeswhicharerecognizedasindispensablebycivilized
peoples;
(h)
Threatstocommitanyoftheforegoingacts.
Article5
Personaljurisdiction
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhavejurisdictionovernatural
personspursuanttotheprovisionsofthepresentStatute.
Article6
Individualcriminalresponsibility
1.
Apersonwhoplanned,instigated,ordered,committedorotherwise
aidedandabettedintheplanning,preparationorexecutionofacrimereferred
toinarticles2to4ofthepresentStatute,shallbeindividuallyresponsible
forthecrime.
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page6 2.
Theofficialpositionofanyaccusedperson,whetherasHeadofState
orGovernmentorasaresponsibleGovernmentofficial,shallnotrelievesuch
personofcriminalresponsibilitynormitigatepunishment.
3.
Thefactthatanyoftheactsreferredtoinarticles2to4ofthe
presentStatutewascommittedbyasubordinatedoesnotrelievehisorher
superiorofcriminalresponsibilityifheorshekneworhadreasontoknowthat
thesubordinatewasabouttocommitsuchactsorhaddonesoandthesuperior
failedtotakethenecessaryandreasonablemeasurestopreventsuchactsorto
punishtheperpetratorsthereof.
4.
Thefactthatanaccusedpersonactedpursuanttoanorderofa
Governmentorofasuperiorshallnotrelievehimorherofcriminal
responsibility,butmaybeconsideredinmitigationofpunishmentifthe
InternationalTribunalforRwandadeterminesthatjusticesorequires.
Article7
Territorialandtemporaljurisdiction
TheterritorialjurisdictionoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashall
extendtotheterritoryofRwandaincludingitslandsurfaceandairspaceas
wellastotheterritoryofneighbouringStatesinrespectofseriousviolations
ofinternationalhumanitarianlawcommittedbyRwandancitizens.
Thetemporal
jurisdictionoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallextendtoaperiod
beginningon1January1994andendingon31December1994.
Article8
Concurrentjurisdiction
1.
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandaandnationalcourtsshallhave
concurrentjurisdictiontoprosecutepersonsforseriousviolationsof
internationalhumanitarianlawcommittedintheterritoryofRwandaandRwandan
citizensforsuchviolationscommittedintheterritoryofneighbouringStates,
between1January1994and31December1994.
2.
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallhaveprimacyoverthe
nationalcourtsofallStates.
Atanystageoftheprocedure,theInternational
TribunalforRwandamayformallyrequestnationalcourtstodefertoits
competenceinaccordancewiththepresentStatuteandtheRulesofProcedureand
EvidenceoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
/...
140
S/RES/955(1994)
Page7
Article9
Nonbisinidem
1.
Nopersonshallbetriedbeforeanationalcourtforactsconstituting
seriousviolationsofinternationalhumanitarianlawunderthepresentStatute,
forwhichheorshehasalreadybeentriedbytheInternationalTribunalfor
Rwanda.
2.
Apersonwhohasbeentriedbyanationalcourtforactsconstituting
seriousviolationsofinternationalhumanitarianlawmaybesubsequentlytried
bytheInternationalTribunalforRwandaonlyif:
(a)
Theactforwhichheorshewastriedwascharacterizedasanordinary
crime;or
(b)
Thenationalcourtproceedingswerenotimpartialorindependent,were
designedtoshieldtheaccusedfrominternationalcriminalresponsibility,or
thecasewasnotdiligentlyprosecuted.
3.
Inconsideringthepenaltytobeimposedonapersonconvictedofa
crimeunderthepresentStatute,theInternationalTribunalforRwandashall
takeintoaccounttheextenttowhichanypenaltyimposedbyanationalcourton
thesamepersonforthesameacthasalreadybeenserved.
Article10
OrganizationoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallconsistofthefollowing
organs:
(a)
TheChambers,comprisingtwoTrialChambersandanAppealsChamber;
(b)
TheProsecutor;and
(c)
ARegistry.
Article11
CompositionoftheChambers
TheChambersshallbecomposedofelevenindependentjudges,notwoofwhom
maybenationalsofthesameState,whoshallserveasfollows:
(a)
ThreejudgesshallserveineachoftheTrialChambers;
(b)
FivejudgesshallserveintheAppealsChamber.
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page8
Article12
Qualificationandelectionofjudges
1.
Thejudgesshallbepersonsofhighmoralcharacter,impartialityand
integritywhopossessthequalificationsrequiredintheirrespectivecountries
forappointmenttothehighestjudicialoffices.
Intheoverallcompositionof
theChambersdueaccountshallbetakenoftheexperienceofthejudgesin
criminallaw,internationallaw,includinginternationalhumanitarianlawand
humanrightslaw.
2.
ThemembersoftheAppealsChamberoftheInternationalTribunalfor
theProsecutionofPersonsResponsibleforSeriousViolationsofInternational
HumanitarianLawCommittedintheTerritoryoftheFormerYugoslaviasince1991
(hereinafterreferredtoas"theInternationalTribunalfortheFormer
Yugoslavia")shallalsoserveasthemembersoftheAppealsChamberofthe
InternationalTribunalforRwanda.
3.
ThejudgesoftheTrialChambersoftheInternationalTribunalfor
RwandashallbeelectedbytheGeneralAssemblyfromalistsubmittedbythe
SecurityCouncil,inthefollowingmanner:
(a)
TheSecretary-GeneralshallinvitenominationsforjudgesoftheTrial
ChambersfromStatesMembersoftheUnitedNationsandnon-memberStates
maintainingpermanentobservermissionsatUnitedNationsHeadquarters;
(b)
WithinthirtydaysofthedateoftheinvitationoftheSecretary-
General,eachStatemaynominateuptotwocandidatesmeetingthequalifications
setoutinparagraph1above,notwoofwhomshallbeofthesamenationality
andneitherofwhomshallbeofthesamenationalityasanyjudgeontheAppeals
Chamber;
(c)
TheSecretary-Generalshallforwardthenominationsreceivedtothe
SecurityCouncil.
FromthenominationsreceivedtheSecurityCouncilshall
establishalistofnotlessthantwelveandnotmorethaneighteencandidates,
takingdueaccountofadequaterepresentationontheInternationalTribunalfor
Rwandaoftheprincipallegalsystemsoftheworld;
(d)
ThePresidentoftheSecurityCouncilshalltransmitthelistof
candidatestothePresidentoftheGeneralAssembly.
FromthatlisttheGeneral
AssemblyshallelectthesixjudgesoftheTrialChambers.
Thecandidateswho
receiveanabsolutemajorityofthevotesoftheStatesMembersoftheUnited
Nationsandofthenon-MemberStatesmaintainingpermanentobservermissionsat
UnitedNationsHeadquarters,shallbedeclaredelected.
Shouldtwocandidates
ofthesamenationalityobtaintherequiredmajorityvote,theonewhoreceived
thehighernumberofvotesshallbeconsideredelected.
4.
IntheeventofavacancyintheTrialChambers,afterconsultation
withthePresidentsoftheSecurityCouncilandoftheGeneralAssembly,the
Secretary-Generalshallappointapersonmeetingthequalificationsof
paragraph1above,fortheremainderofthetermofofficeconcerned.
/...
141
S/RES/955(1994)
Page9
5.
ThejudgesoftheTrialChambersshallbeelectedforatermoffour
years.
Thetermsandconditionsofserviceshallbethoseofthejudgesofthe
InternationalTribunalfortheFormerYugoslavia.
Theyshallbeeligiblefor
re-election.
Article13
OfficersandmembersoftheChambers
1.
ThejudgesoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallelecta
President.
2.
AfterconsultationwiththejudgesoftheInternationalTribunalfor
Rwanda,thePresidentshallassignthejudgestotheTrialChambers.
Ajudge
shallserveonlyintheChambertowhichheorshewasassigned.
3.
ThejudgesofeachTrialChambershallelectaPresidingJudge,who
shallconductalloftheproceedingsofthatTrialChamberasawhole.
Article14
Rulesofprocedureandevidence
ThejudgesoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashalladopt,forthe
purposeofproceedingsbeforetheInternationalTribunalforRwanda,therules
ofprocedureandevidencefortheconductofthepre-trialphaseofthe
proceedings,trialsandappeals,theadmissionofevidence,theprotectionof
victimsandwitnessesandotherappropriatemattersoftheInternational
TribunalfortheFormerYugoslaviawithsuchchangesastheydeemnecessary.
Article15
TheProsecutor
1.
TheProsecutorshallberesponsiblefortheinvestigationand
prosecutionofpersonsresponsibleforseriousviolationsofinternational
humanitarianlawcommittedintheterritoryofRwandaandRwandancitizens
responsibleforsuchviolationscommittedintheterritoryofneighbouring
States,between1January1994and31December1994.
2.
TheProsecutorshallactindependentlyasaseparateorganofthe
InternationalTribunalforRwanda.
Heorsheshallnotseekorreceive
instructionsfromanyGovernmentorfromanyothersource.
3.
TheProsecutoroftheInternationalTribunalfortheFormerYugoslavia
shallalsoserveastheProsecutoroftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
He
orsheshallhaveadditionalstaff,includinganadditionalDeputyProsecutor,
toassistwithprosecutionsbeforetheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
Such
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page10
staffshallbeappointedbytheSecretary-Generalontherecommendationofthe
Prosecutor.
Article16
TheRegistry
1.
TheRegistryshallberesponsiblefortheadministrationandservicing
oftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
2.
TheRegistryshallconsistofaRegistrarandsuchotherstaffasmay
berequired.
3.
TheRegistrarshallbeappointedbytheSecretary-Generalafter
consultationwiththePresidentoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
Heor
sheshallserveforafour-yeartermandbeeligibleforreappointment.
The
termsandconditionsofserviceoftheRegistrarshallbethoseofanAssistant
Secretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations.
4.
ThestaffoftheRegistryshallbeappointedbytheSecretary-General
ontherecommendationoftheRegistrar.
Article17
Investigationandpreparationofindictment
1.
TheProsecutorshallinitiateinvestigationsex-officiooronthe
basisofinformationobtainedfromanysource,particularlyfromGovernments,
UnitedNationsorgans,intergovernmentalandnon-governmentalorganizations.
TheProsecutorshallassesstheinformationreceivedorobtainedanddecide
whetherthereissufficientbasistoproceed.
2.
TheProsecutorshallhavethepowertoquestionsuspects,victimsand
witnesses,tocollectevidenceandtoconducton-siteinvestigations.
In
carryingoutthesetasks,theProsecutormay,asappropriate,seekthe
assistanceoftheStateauthoritiesconcerned.
3.
Ifquestioned,thesuspectshallbeentitledtobeassistedbycounsel
ofhisorherownchoice,includingtherighttohavelegalassistanceassigned
tothesuspectwithoutpaymentbyhimorherinanysuchcaseifheorshedoes
nothavesufficientmeanstopayforit,aswellastonecessarytranslation
intoandfromalanguageheorshespeaksandunderstands.
4.
Uponadeterminationthataprimafaciecaseexists,theProsecutor
shallprepareanindictmentcontainingaconcisestatementofthefactsandthe
crimeorcrimeswithwhichtheaccusedischargedundertheStatute.
The
indictmentshallbetransmittedtoajudgeoftheTrialChamber.
/...
142
S/RES/955(1994)
Page11
Article18
Reviewoftheindictment
1.
ThejudgeoftheTrialChambertowhomtheindictmenthasbeen
transmittedshallreviewit.
Ifsatisfiedthataprimafaciecasehasbeen
establishedbytheProsecutor,heorsheshallconfirmtheindictment.
Ifnot
sosatisfied,theindictmentshallbedismissed.
2.
Uponconfirmationofanindictment,thejudgemay,attherequestof
theProsecutor,issuesuchordersandwarrantsforthearrest,detention,
surrenderortransferofpersons,andanyotherordersasmayberequiredfor
theconductofthetrial.
Article19
Commencementandconductoftrialproceedings
1.
TheTrialChambersshallensurethatatrialisfairandexpeditious
andthatproceedingsareconductedinaccordancewiththerulesofprocedureand
evidence,withfullrespectfortherightsoftheaccusedanddueregardforthe
protectionofvictimsandwitnesses.
2.
Apersonagainstwhomanindictmenthasbeenconfirmedshall,pursuant
toanorderoranarrestwarrantoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda,be
takenintocustody,immediatelyinformedofthechargesagainsthimorherand
transferredtotheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
3.
TheTrialChambershallreadtheindictment,satisfyitselfthatthe
rightsoftheaccusedarerespected,confirmthattheaccusedunderstandsthe
indictment,andinstructtheaccusedtoenteraplea.
TheTrialChambershall
thensetthedatefortrial.
4.
ThehearingsshallbepublicunlesstheTrialChamberdecidestoclose
theproceedingsinaccordancewithitsrulesofprocedureandevidence.
Article20
Rightsoftheaccused
1.
AllpersonsshallbeequalbeforetheInternationalTribunalfor
Rwanda.
2.
Inthedeterminationofchargesagainsthimorher,theaccusedshall
beentitledtoafairandpublichearing,subjecttoarticle21oftheStatute.
3.
Theaccusedshallbepresumedinnocentuntilprovedguiltyaccording
totheprovisionsofthepresentStatute.
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page12
4.
Inthedeterminationofanychargeagainsttheaccusedpursuanttothe
presentStatute,theaccusedshallbeentitledtothefollowingminimum
guarantees,infullequality:
(a)
Tobeinformedpromptlyandindetailinalanguagewhichheorshe
understandsofthenatureandcauseofthechargeagainsthimorher;
(b)
Tohaveadequatetimeandfacilitiesforthepreparationofhisorher
defenceandtocommunicatewithcounselofhisorherownchoosing;
(c)
Tobetriedwithoutunduedelay;
(d)
Tobetriedinhisorherpresence,andtodefendhimselforherself
inpersonorthroughlegalassistanceofhisorherownchoosing;tobe
informed,ifheorshedoesnothavelegalassistance,ofthisright;andto
havelegalassistanceassignedtohimorher,inanycasewheretheinterestsof
justicesorequire,andwithoutpaymentbyhimorherinanysuchcaseifheor
shedoesnothavesufficientmeanstopayforit;
(e)
Toexamine,orhaveexamined,thewitnessesagainsthimorherandto
obtaintheattendanceandexaminationofwitnessesonhisorherbehalfunder
thesameconditionsaswitnessesagainsthimorher;
(f)
Tohavethefreeassistanceofaninterpreterifheorshecannot
understandorspeakthelanguageusedintheInternationalTribunalforRwanda;
(g)
Nottobecompelledtotestifyagainsthimselforherselforto
confessguilt.
Article21
Protectionofvictimsandwitnesses
TheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallprovideinitsrulesof
procedureandevidencefortheprotectionofvictimsandwitnesses.
Such
protectionmeasuresshallinclude,butshallnotbelimitedto,theconductof
incameraproceedingsandtheprotectionofthevictim’sidentity.
Article22
Judgement
1.
TheTrialChambersshallpronouncejudgementsandimposesentencesand
penaltiesonpersonsconvictedofseriousviolationsofinternational
humanitarianlaw.
2.
Thejudgementshallberenderedbyamajorityofthejudgesofthe
TrialChamber,andshallbedeliveredbytheTrialChamberinpublic.
Itshall
beaccompaniedbyareasonedopinioninwriting,towhichseparateordissenting
opinionsmaybeappended.
/...
143
S/RES/955(1994)
Page13
Article23
Penalties
1.
ThepenaltyimposedbytheTrialChambershallbelimitedto
imprisonment.
Indeterminingthetermsofimprisonment,theTrialChambers
shallhaverecoursetothegeneralpracticeregardingprisonsentencesinthe
courtsofRwanda.
2.
Inimposingthesentences,theTrialChambersshouldtakeintoaccount
suchfactorsasthegravityoftheoffenceandtheindividualcircumstancesof
theconvictedperson.
3.
Inadditiontoimprisonment,theTrialChambersmayorderthereturn
ofanypropertyandproceedsacquiredbycriminalconduct,includingbymeansof
duress,totheirrightfulowners.
Article24
Appellateproceedings
1.
TheAppealsChambershallhearappealsfrompersonsconvictedbythe
TrialChambersorfromtheProsecutoronthefollowinggrounds:
(a)
Anerroronaquestionoflawinvalidatingthedecision;or
(b)
Anerroroffactwhichhasoccasionedamiscarriageofjustice.
2.
TheAppealsChambermayaffirm,reverseorrevisethedecisionstaken
bytheTrialChambers.
Article25
Reviewproceedings
Whereanewfacthasbeendiscoveredwhichwasnotknownatthetimeofthe
proceedingsbeforetheTrialChambersortheAppealsChamberandwhichcould
havebeenadecisivefactorinreachingthedecision,theconvictedpersonor
theProsecutormaysubmittotheInternationalTribunalforRwandaan
applicationforreviewofthejudgement.
Article26
Enforcementofsentences
ImprisonmentshallbeservedinRwandaoranyoftheStatesonalistof
StateswhichhaveindicatedtotheSecurityCounciltheirwillingnesstoaccept
convictedpersons,asdesignatedbytheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
Such
/...
S/RES/955(1994)
Page14
imprisonmentshallbeinaccordancewiththeapplicablelawoftheState
concerned,subjecttothesupervisionoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda.
Article27
Pardonorcommutationofsentences
If,pursuanttotheapplicablelawoftheStateinwhichtheconvicted
personisimprisoned,heorsheiseligibleforpardonorcommutationof
sentence,theStateconcernedshallnotifytheInternationalTribunalforRwanda
accordingly.
Thereshallonlybepardonorcommutationofsentenceifthe
PresidentoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda,inconsultationwiththe
judges,sodecidesonthebasisoftheinterestsofjusticeandthegeneral
principlesoflaw.
Article28
Cooperationandjudicialassistance
1.
StatesshallcooperatewiththeInternationalTribunalforRwandain
theinvestigationandprosecutionofpersonsaccusedofcommittingserious
violationsofinternationalhumanitarianlaw.
2.
Statesshallcomplywithoutunduedelaywithanyrequestfor
assistanceoranorderissuedbyaTrialChamber,including,butnotlimitedto:
(a)
Theidentificationandlocationofpersons;
(b)
Thetakingoftestimonyandtheproductionofevidence;
(c)
Theserviceofdocuments;
(d)
Thearrestordetentionofpersons;
(e)
ThesurrenderorthetransferoftheaccusedtotheInternational
TribunalforRwanda.
Article29
Thestatus,privilegesandimmunitiesofthe
InternationalTribunalforRwanda
1.
TheConventiononthePrivilegesandImmunitiesoftheUnitedNations
of13February1946shallapplytotheInternationalTribunalforRwanda,the
judges,theProsecutorandhisorherstaff,andtheRegistrarandhisorher
staff.
/...
144
S/RES/955(1994)
Page15
2.
Thejudges,theProsecutorandtheRegistrarshallenjoythe
privilegesandimmunities,exemptionsandfacilitiesaccordedtodiplomatic
envoys,inaccordancewithinternationallaw.
3.
ThestaffoftheProsecutorandoftheRegistrarshallenjoythe
privilegesandimmunitiesaccordedtoofficialsoftheUnitedNationsunder
articlesVandVIIoftheConventionreferredtoinparagraph1ofthisarticle.
4.
Otherpersons,includingtheaccused,requiredattheseatormeeting
placeoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallbeaccordedsuchtreatment
asisnecessaryfortheproperfunctioningoftheInternationalTribunalfor
Rwanda.
Article30
ExpensesoftheInternationalTribunalforRwanda
TheexpensesoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallbeexpensesof
theOrganizationinaccordancewithArticle17oftheCharteroftheUnited
Nations.
Article31
Workinglanguages
TheworkinglanguagesoftheInternationalTribunalshallbeEnglishand
French.
Article32
Annualreport
ThePresidentoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandashallsubmitan
annualreportoftheInternationalTribunalforRwandatotheSecurityCouncil
andtotheGeneralAssembly.
-----
145
Resolution RC/Res.6, Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, CN/651/2010, Kampala, 11 June 2010 (The crime of
aggression)
RC
/11
11-E
-011
110
17
Res
olut
ion
RC
/Res
.6∗
Adop
ted
at th
e 13
th p
lena
ry m
eetin
g, o
n 11
Jun
e 20
10, b
y co
nsen
sus
RC
/Res
.6
The
cri
me
of a
ggre
ssio
n
The
Revi
ew C
onfe
renc
e,
Reca
lling
par
agra
ph 1
of a
rticl
e 12
of t
he R
ome
Stat
ute,
Reca
lling
par
agra
ph 2
of a
rticl
e5
of th
e R
ome
Stat
ute,
Reca
lling
al
so
para
grap
h 7
of
reso
lutio
n F,
ad
opte
d by
th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns
Dip
lom
atic
Con
fere
nce
of P
leni
pote
ntia
ries
on t
he E
stab
lishm
ent
of a
n In
tern
atio
nal
Crim
inal
Cou
rt on
17Ju
ly 1
998,
Reca
lling
fur
ther
res
olut
ion
ICC
-ASP
/1/R
es.1
on
the
cont
inui
ty o
f w
ork
in r
espe
ct
of th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n, a
nd e
xpre
ssin
g its
app
reci
atio
n to
the
Spec
ial W
orki
ng G
roup
on
the
Crim
e of
Agg
ress
ion
for h
avin
g el
abor
ated
pro
posa
ls o
n a
prov
isio
n on
the
crim
e of
ag
gres
sion
,
Taki
ng n
ote
of r
esol
utio
n IC
C-A
SP/8
/Res
.6,
by w
hich
the
Ass
embl
y of
Sta
tes
Parti
es f
orw
arde
d pr
opos
als
on a
pro
visi
on o
n th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n to
the
Rev
iew
C
onfe
renc
e fo
r its
con
side
ratio
n,
Reso
lved
to a
ctiv
ate
the
Cou
rt’s
juris
dict
ion
over
the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion
as e
arly
as
poss
ible
,
1.D
ecid
es to
ado
pt, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
arti
cle
5, p
arag
raph
2, o
f th
e R
ome
Stat
ute
ofth
e In
tern
atio
nal C
rimin
al C
ourt
(her
eina
fter:
“the
Sta
tute
”) th
e am
endm
ents
to th
e St
atut
e co
ntai
ned
in a
nnex
I o
f th
e pr
esen
t re
solu
tion,
whi
ch a
re s
ubje
ct t
o ra
tific
atio
n or
ac
cept
ance
and
sha
ll en
ter i
nto
forc
e in
acc
orda
nce
with
arti
cle
121,
par
agra
ph 5
; and
not
esth
at a
ny S
tate
Par
ty m
ay lo
dge
a de
clar
atio
n re
ferr
ed to
in a
rticl
e 15
bis
prio
r to
ratif
icat
ion
or a
ccep
tanc
e;
2.Al
so d
ecid
es to
ado
pt th
e am
endm
ents
to th
e El
emen
ts o
f Crim
es c
onta
ined
in a
nnex
II
of t
he p
rese
nt re
solu
tion;
3.Al
so d
ecid
es to
ado
pt th
e un
ders
tand
ings
reg
ardi
ng th
e in
terp
reta
tion
of th
e ab
ove-
men
tione
d am
endm
ents
con
tain
ed in
ann
ex II
I of t
he p
rese
nt re
solu
tion;
4.Fu
rthe
r de
cide
s to
rev
iew
the
amen
dmen
ts o
n th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n se
ven
year
saf
ter t
he b
egin
ning
of t
he C
ourt’
s exe
rcis
e of
juris
dict
ion;
5.C
alls
upo
n al
l Sta
tes P
artie
s to
ratif
y or
acc
ept t
he a
men
dmen
ts c
onta
ined
in a
nnex
I.
∗ Se
e D
epos
itary
N
otifi
catio
n C
.N.6
51.2
010
Trea
ties-
8,
date
d 29
N
ovem
ber
2010
, av
aila
ble
at
http
://tre
atie
s.un.
org.
RC
/11
1811
-E-0
1111
0
Ann
ex I
Am
endm
ents
to
th
e R
ome
Stat
ute
of
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l C
rim
inal
Cou
rt o
n th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n
1.Ar
ticle
5, p
arag
raph
2, o
f the
Sta
tute
is d
elet
ed.
2.Th
e fo
llow
ing
text
is in
sert
ed a
fter a
rtic
le 8
of t
he S
tatu
te:
Art
icle
8 b
is
Cri
me
of a
ggre
ssio
n
1.Fo
r th
e pu
rpos
e of
th
is
Stat
ute,
“c
rime
of
aggr
essi
on”
mea
ns
the
plan
ning
,pr
epar
atio
n, in
itiat
ion
or e
xecu
tion,
by
a pe
rson
in a
pos
ition
eff
ectiv
ely
to e
xerc
ise
cont
rol
over
or t
o di
rect
the
polit
ical
or m
ilita
ry a
ctio
n of
a S
tate
, of a
n ac
t of a
ggre
ssio
n w
hich
, by
its c
hara
cter
, gra
vity
and
sca
le, c
onst
itute
s a
man
ifest
vio
latio
n of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
2.Fo
r the
pur
pose
of p
arag
raph
1, “
act o
f agg
ress
ion”
mea
ns th
e us
e of
arm
ed fo
rce
by
a St
ate
agai
nst
the
sove
reig
nty,
ter
ritor
ial
inte
grity
or
polit
ical
ind
epen
denc
e of
ano
ther
St
ate,
or
in a
ny o
ther
man
ner
inco
nsis
tent
with
the
Cha
rter
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns. A
ny o
f th
e fo
llow
ing
acts
, re
gard
less
of
a de
clar
atio
n of
war
, sh
all,
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith U
nite
d N
atio
ns G
ener
al A
ssem
bly
reso
lutio
n 33
14 (X
XIX
) of 1
4 D
ecem
ber 1
974,
qua
lify
as a
n ac
t of
agg
ress
ion:
(a)
The
inva
sion
or
atta
ck b
y th
e ar
med
for
ces
of a
Sta
te o
f th
e te
rrito
ry o
f an
othe
r Sta
te, o
r any
mili
tary
occ
upat
ion,
how
ever
tem
pora
ry, r
esul
ting
from
suc
h in
vasi
on
or a
ttack
, or
any
ann
exat
ion
by t
he u
se o
f fo
rce
of t
he t
errit
ory
of a
noth
er S
tate
or
part
ther
eof; (b
)B
omba
rdm
ent b
y th
e ar
med
for
ces
of a
Sta
te a
gain
st th
e te
rrito
ry o
f an
othe
r St
ate
or th
e us
e of
any
wea
pons
by
a St
ate
agai
nst t
he te
rrito
ry o
f ano
ther
Sta
te;
(c)
The
bloc
kade
of t
he p
orts
or c
oast
s of
a S
tate
by
the
arm
ed fo
rces
of a
noth
er
Stat
e;
(d)
An
atta
ck b
y th
e ar
med
for
ces
of a
Sta
te o
n th
e la
nd, s
ea o
r ai
r fo
rces
, or
mar
ine
and
air f
leet
s of a
noth
er S
tate
;
(e)
The
use
of a
rmed
forc
es o
f one
Sta
te w
hich
are
with
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f ano
ther
St
ate
with
the
agre
emen
t of t
he re
ceiv
ing
Stat
e, in
con
trave
ntio
n of
the
cond
ition
s pr
ovid
ed
for
in t
he a
gree
men
t or
any
ext
ensi
on o
f th
eir
pres
ence
in
such
ter
ritor
y be
yond
the
te
rmin
atio
n of
the
agre
emen
t;
(f)
The
actio
n of
a S
tate
in
allo
win
g its
ter
ritor
y, w
hich
it
has
plac
ed a
t th
e di
spos
al o
f ano
ther
Sta
te, t
o be
use
d by
that
oth
er S
tate
for p
erpe
tratin
g an
act
of a
ggre
ssio
n ag
ains
t a th
ird S
tate
;
(g)
The
send
ing
by o
r on
beha
lf of
a S
tate
of a
rmed
ban
ds, g
roup
s, irr
egul
ars
or
mer
cena
ries,
whi
ch c
arry
out
act
s of
arm
ed fo
rce
agai
nst a
noth
er S
tate
of s
uch
grav
ity a
s to
am
ount
to th
e ac
ts li
sted
abo
ve, o
r its
subs
tant
ial i
nvol
vem
ent t
here
in.
148
RC
/11
11-E
-011
110
19
3.Th
e fo
llow
ing
text
is in
sert
ed a
fter a
rtic
le 1
5 of
the
Stat
ute:
Art
icle
15
bis
Exe
rcis
e of
juri
sdic
tion
over
the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion
(Sta
te r
efer
ral,
prop
rio
mot
u)
1.Th
e C
ourt
may
exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
ar
ticle
13,
par
agra
phs (
a) a
nd (c
), su
bjec
t to
the
prov
isio
ns o
f thi
s arti
cle.
2.Th
e C
ourt
may
exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n on
ly w
ith r
espe
ct t
o cr
imes
of
aggr
essi
onco
mm
itted
one
yea
r af
ter
the
ratif
icat
ion
or a
ccep
tanc
e of
the
amen
dmen
ts b
y th
irty
Stat
es
Parti
es.
3.Th
e C
ourt
shal
l exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
th
is a
rticl
e, s
ubje
ct to
a d
ecis
ion
to b
e ta
ken
afte
r 1
Janu
ary
2017
by
the
sam
e m
ajor
ity o
f St
ates
Par
ties a
s is r
equi
red
for t
he a
dopt
ion
of a
n am
endm
ent t
o th
e St
atut
e.
4.Th
e C
ourt
may
, in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith a
rticl
e 12
, exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er a
crim
e of
aggr
essi
on, a
risin
g fr
om a
n ac
t of a
ggre
ssio
n co
mm
itted
by
a St
ate
Party
, unl
ess
that
Sta
te
Party
has
pre
viou
sly
decl
ared
tha
t it
does
not
acc
ept
such
jur
isdi
ctio
n by
lod
ging
a
decl
arat
ion
with
the
Reg
istra
r. Th
e w
ithdr
awal
of s
uch
a de
clar
atio
n m
ay b
e ef
fect
ed a
t any
tim
e an
d sh
all b
e co
nsid
ered
by
the
Stat
e Pa
rty w
ithin
thre
e ye
ars.
5.In
resp
ect o
f a S
tate
that
is n
ot a
par
ty to
this
Sta
tute
, the
Cou
rt sh
all n
ot e
xerc
ise
itsju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n w
hen
com
mitt
ed b
y th
at S
tate
’s n
atio
nals
or o
n its
te
rrito
ry.
6.W
here
the
Pros
ecut
or c
oncl
udes
that
ther
e is
a r
easo
nabl
e ba
sis
to p
roce
ed w
ith a
nin
vest
igat
ion
in re
spec
t of a
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion,
he
or s
he s
hall
first
asc
erta
in w
heth
er th
e Se
curit
y C
ounc
il ha
s m
ade
a de
term
inat
ion
of a
n ac
t of a
ggre
ssio
n co
mm
itted
by
the
Stat
e co
ncer
ned.
The
Pro
secu
tor
shal
l not
ify th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
of
the
situ
atio
n be
fore
the
Cou
rt, in
clud
ing
any
rele
vant
info
rmat
ion
and
docu
men
ts.
7.W
here
the
Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
has
mad
e su
ch a
det
erm
inat
ion,
the
Pro
secu
tor
may
proc
eed
with
the
inve
stig
atio
n in
resp
ect o
f a c
rime
of a
ggre
ssio
n.
8.W
here
no
su
ch
dete
rmin
atio
n is
m
ade
with
in
six
mon
ths
afte
r th
e da
te
ofno
tific
atio
n, t
he P
rose
cuto
r m
ay p
roce
ed w
ith t
he i
nves
tigat
ion
in r
espe
ct o
f a
crim
e of
ag
gres
sion
, pro
vide
d th
at th
e Pr
e-Tr
ial D
ivis
ion
has
auth
oriz
ed th
e co
mm
ence
men
t of
the
inve
stig
atio
n in
resp
ect o
f a c
rime
of a
ggre
ssio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
proc
edur
e co
ntai
ned
in a
rticl
e 15
, and
the
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
has
not d
ecid
ed o
ther
wis
e in
acc
orda
nce
with
arti
cle
16.
9.A
det
erm
inat
ion
of a
n ac
t of
agg
ress
ion
by a
n or
gan
outs
ide
the
Cou
rt sh
all
bew
ithou
t pre
judi
ce to
the
Cou
rt’s o
wn
findi
ngs u
nder
this
Sta
tute
.
10.
This
arti
cle
is w
ithou
t pr
ejud
ice
to t
he p
rovi
sion
s re
latin
g to
the
exe
rcis
e of
juris
dict
ion
with
resp
ect t
o ot
her c
rimes
refe
rred
to in
arti
cle
5.
RC
/11
2011
-E-0
1111
0
4.Th
e fo
llow
ing
text
is in
sert
ed a
fter a
rtic
le 1
5 bi
s of t
he S
tatu
te:
Art
icle
15
ter
Exe
rcis
e of
juri
sdic
tion
over
the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion
(Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
refe
rral
)
1.Th
e C
ourt
may
exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
ar
ticle
13,
par
agra
ph (b
), su
bjec
t to
the
prov
isio
ns o
f thi
s arti
cle.
2.Th
e C
ourt
may
exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n on
ly w
ith r
espe
ct t
o cr
imes
of
aggr
essi
onco
mm
itted
one
yea
r af
ter
the
ratif
icat
ion
or a
ccep
tanc
e of
the
amen
dmen
ts b
y th
irty
Stat
es
Parti
es.
3.Th
e C
ourt
shal
l exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e cr
ime
of a
ggre
ssio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
th
is a
rticl
e, s
ubje
ct to
a d
ecis
ion
to b
e ta
ken
afte
r 1
Janu
ary
2017
by
the
sam
e m
ajor
ity o
f St
ates
Par
ties a
s is r
equi
red
for t
he a
dopt
ion
of a
n am
endm
ent t
o th
e St
atut
e.
4.A
det
erm
inat
ion
of a
n ac
t of
agg
ress
ion
by a
n or
gan
outs
ide
the
Cou
rt sh
all
bew
ithou
t pre
judi
ce to
the
Cou
rt’s o
wn
findi
ngs u
nder
this
Sta
tute
.
5.Th
is a
rticl
e is
with
out
prej
udic
e to
the
pro
visi
ons
rela
ting
to t
he e
xerc
ise
ofju
risdi
ctio
n w
ith re
spec
t to
othe
r crim
es re
ferr
ed to
in a
rticl
e 5.
5.Th
e fo
llow
ing
text
is in
sert
ed a
fter a
rtic
le 2
5, p
arag
raph
3, o
f the
Sta
tute
:
3bi
s.In
resp
ect o
f the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion,
the
prov
isio
ns o
f thi
s arti
cle
shal
l app
ly o
nly
to
pers
ons
in a
pos
ition
eff
ectiv
ely
to e
xerc
ise
cont
rol o
ver o
r to
dire
ct th
e po
litic
al o
r mili
tary
actio
n of
a S
tate
.
6.Th
e fir
st s
ente
nce
of a
rtic
le 9
, pa
ragr
aph
1, o
f th
e St
atut
e is
rep
lace
d by
the
fol
low
ing
sent
ence
:
1.El
emen
ts o
f C
rimes
sha
ll as
sist
the
Cou
rt in
the
int
erpr
etat
ion
and
appl
icat
ion
ofar
ticle
s6, 7
, 8 a
nd 8
bis
.
7.Th
e ch
apea
u of
art
icle
20,
par
agra
ph 3
, of
the
Sta
tute
is
repl
aced
by
the
follo
win
gpa
ragr
aph;
the
rest
of t
he p
arag
raph
rem
ains
unc
hang
ed:
3.N
o pe
rson
who
has
bee
n tri
ed b
y an
othe
r co
urt
for
cond
uct
also
pro
scrib
ed u
nder
artic
le6,
7, 8
or 8
bis
shal
l be
tried
by
the
Cou
rt w
ith re
spec
t to
the
sam
e co
nduc
t unl
ess
the
proc
eedi
ngs i
n th
e ot
her c
ourt:
149
RC
/11
11-E
-011
110
21
Ann
ex II
Am
endm
ents
to th
e E
lem
ents
of C
rim
es
Art
icle
8 b
is
Cri
me
of a
ggre
ssio
n
Intr
oduc
tion
1.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at a
ny o
f th
e ac
ts r
efer
red
to in
arti
cle
8 bi
s, pa
ragr
aph
2, q
ualif
yas
an
act o
f agg
ress
ion.
2.Th
ere
is n
o re
quire
men
t to
prov
e th
at th
e pe
rpet
rato
r has
mad
e a
lega
l eva
luat
ion
asto
whe
ther
the
use
of a
rmed
forc
e w
as in
cons
iste
nt w
ith th
e C
harte
r of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns.
3.Th
e te
rm “
man
ifest
” is
an
obje
ctiv
e qu
alifi
catio
n.
4.Th
ere
is n
o re
quire
men
t to
prov
e th
at th
e pe
rpet
rato
r has
mad
e a
lega
l eva
luat
ion
asto
the
“man
ifest
” na
ture
of t
he v
iola
tion
of th
e C
harte
r of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns.
Ele
men
ts
1.Th
e pe
rpet
rato
r pla
nned
, pre
pare
d, in
itiat
ed o
r exe
cute
d an
act
of a
ggre
ssio
n.
2.Th
e pe
rpet
rato
r was
a p
erso
n1in
a p
ositi
on e
ffec
tivel
y to
exe
rcis
e co
ntro
l ove
r or t
odi
rect
the
polit
ical
or m
ilita
ry a
ctio
n of
the
Stat
e w
hich
com
mitt
ed th
e ac
t of a
ggre
ssio
n.
3.Th
e ac
t of
aggr
essi
on –
the
use
of a
rmed
for
ce b
y a
Stat
e ag
ains
t the
sov
erei
gnty
,te
rrito
rial
inte
grity
or
polit
ical
ind
epen
denc
e of
ano
ther
Sta
te,
or i
n an
y ot
her
man
ner
inco
nsis
tent
with
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
– w
as c
omm
itted
.
4.Th
e pe
rpet
rato
r w
as a
war
e of
the
fact
ual c
ircum
stan
ces
that
est
ablis
hed
that
suc
h a
use
of a
rmed
forc
e w
as in
cons
iste
nt w
ith th
e C
harte
r of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns.
5.Th
e ac
t of
agg
ress
ion,
by
its c
hara
cter
, gr
avity
and
sca
le,
cons
titut
ed a
man
ifest
viol
atio
n of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
6.Th
e pe
rpet
rato
r w
as a
war
e of
the
fac
tual
circ
umst
ance
s th
at e
stab
lishe
d su
ch a
man
ifest
vio
latio
n of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
1W
ith re
spec
t to
an a
ct o
f agg
ress
ion,
mor
e th
an o
ne p
erso
n m
ay b
e in
a p
ositi
on th
at m
eets
thes
e cr
iteria
.
RC
/11
2211
-E-0
1111
0
Ann
ex II
I Und
erst
andi
ngs
rega
rdin
g th
e am
endm
ents
to
the
Rom
e St
atut
e of
the
Int
erna
tiona
l Cri
min
al C
ourt
on
the
crim
e of
ag
gres
sion
Ref
erra
ls b
y th
e Se
curi
ty C
ounc
il
1.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at th
e C
ourt
may
exe
rcis
e ju
risdi
ctio
n on
the
basi
s of
a S
ecur
ityC
ounc
il re
ferr
al i
n ac
cord
ance
with
arti
cle
13,
para
grap
h (b
), of
the
Sta
tute
onl
y w
ith
resp
ect t
o cr
imes
of a
ggre
ssio
n co
mm
itted
afte
r a d
ecis
ion
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith a
rticl
e 15
ter,
para
grap
h 3,
is ta
ken,
and
one
yea
r af
ter
the
ratif
icat
ion
or a
ccep
tanc
e of
the
amen
dmen
ts
by th
irty
Stat
es P
artie
s, w
hich
ever
is la
ter.
2.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at t
he C
ourt
shal
l ex
erci
se j
uris
dict
ion
over
the
crim
e of
aggr
essi
on o
n th
e ba
sis
of a
Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
refe
rral
in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith a
rticl
e 13
, pa
ragr
aph
(b),
of th
e St
atut
e irr
espe
ctiv
e of
whe
ther
the
Stat
e co
ncer
ned
has
acce
pted
the
Cou
rt’s j
uris
dict
ion
in th
is re
gard
.
Juri
sdic
tion
ratio
ne te
mpo
ris
3.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at i
n ca
se o
f ar
ticle
13,
par
agra
ph (
a) o
r (c
), th
e C
ourt
may
exer
cise
its j
uris
dict
ion
only
with
resp
ect t
o cr
imes
of a
ggre
ssio
n co
mm
itted
afte
r a d
ecis
ion
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith a
rticl
e 15
bis
, par
agra
ph 3
, is
take
n, a
nd o
ne y
ear a
fter t
he ra
tific
atio
n or
ac
cept
ance
of t
he a
men
dmen
ts b
y th
irty
Stat
es P
artie
s, w
hich
ever
is la
ter.
Dom
estic
juri
sdic
tion
over
the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion
4.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at t
he a
men
dmen
ts t
hat
addr
ess
the
defin
ition
of
the
act
ofag
gres
sion
and
the
crim
e of
agg
ress
ion
do s
o fo
r th
e pu
rpos
e of
thi
s St
atut
e on
ly.
The
amen
dmen
ts s
hall,
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith a
rticl
e 10
of t
he R
ome
Stat
ute,
not
be
inte
rpre
ted
as
limiti
ng o
r pr
ejud
icin
g in
any
way
exi
stin
g or
dev
elop
ing
rule
s of
int
erna
tiona
l la
w f
or
purp
oses
oth
er th
an th
is S
tatu
te.
5.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at th
e am
endm
ents
sha
ll no
t be
inte
rpre
ted
as c
reat
ing
the
right
or
oblig
atio
n to
exe
rcis
e do
mes
tic ju
risdi
ctio
n w
ith re
spec
t to
an a
ct o
f agg
ress
ion
com
mitt
ed
by a
noth
er S
tate
.
Oth
er u
nder
stan
ding
s
6.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at a
ggre
ssio
n is
the
mos
t ser
ious
and
dan
gero
us fo
rm o
f the
ille
gal
use
of f
orce
; an
d th
at a
det
erm
inat
ion
whe
ther
an
act
of a
ggre
ssio
n ha
s be
en c
omm
itted
re
quire
s co
nsid
erat
ion
of a
ll th
e ci
rcum
stan
ces
of e
ach
parti
cula
r cas
e, in
clud
ing
the
grav
ity
of th
e ac
ts c
once
rned
and
thei
r con
sequ
ence
s, in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
7.It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at i
n es
tabl
ishi
ng w
heth
er a
n ac
t of
agg
ress
ion
cons
titut
es a
man
ifest
vio
latio
n of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
, the
thre
e co
mpo
nent
s of
cha
ract
er,
grav
ity a
nd s
cale
mus
t be
suf
ficie
nt t
o ju
stify
a “
man
ifest
” de
term
inat
ion.
No
one
com
pone
nt c
an b
e si
gnifi
cant
eno
ugh
to sa
tisfy
the
man
ifest
stan
dard
by
itsel
f.
150
Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of Sierra Leone on the establishment of a Special Court for
Sierra Leone, 2002
UNTS, vol. 2178, p. 138
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
138
[ EN
GLI
SHTE
XT
— T
EXTE
AN
GLA
IS ]
AG
REE
MEN
T B
ETW
EEN
TH
E U
NIT
ED N
ATI
ON
S A
ND
TH
E G
OV
ERN
-M
ENT
OF
SIER
RA
LEO
NE
ON
TH
E ES
TAB
LISH
MEN
T O
F A
SPE
CIA
LC
OU
RT
FOR
SIE
RR
A L
EON
E
Whe
reas
the
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil,
in it
s re
solu
tion
1315
(200
0) o
f 14
Aug
ust 2
000,
ex-
pres
sed
deep
conc
ern
at th
e ver
y se
rious
crim
es co
mm
itted
with
in th
e ter
ritor
y of
Sie
rra L
e-on
e ag
ains
t the
peo
ple
of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
and
ass
ocia
ted
pers
onne
l and
at
the
prev
ailin
g si
tuat
ion
of im
puni
ty;
Whe
reas
by
the
said
reso
lutio
n, th
e Se
curit
y C
ounc
il re
ques
ted
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
alto
neg
otia
te a
n ag
reem
ent w
ith th
e G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one
to c
reat
e an
inde
pend
ent
spec
ial c
ourt
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
bea
r the
gre
ates
t res
pons
ibili
ty fo
r the
com
mis
sion
of se
rious
vio
latio
ns o
f int
erna
tiona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
crim
es c
omm
itted
und
er S
ierr
aLe
onea
n la
w;
Whe
reas
the S
ecre
tary
-Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns (h
erei
nafte
r “th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
-er
al”)
and
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e (h
erei
nafte
r "th
e G
over
nmen
t") h
ave
held
such
nego
tiatio
ns fo
r the
esta
blis
hmen
t of a
Spe
cial
Cou
rt fo
r Sie
rra L
eone
(her
eina
fter “
the S
pe-
cial
Cou
rt ”)
; N
ow th
eref
ore
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
and
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e ha
ve a
gree
d as
follo
ws:
Artic
le 1
. Es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt
1.Th
ere
is h
ereb
y es
tabl
ishe
d a
Spec
ial C
ourt
for S
ierr
a Le
one
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
bea
r the
gre
ates
t res
pons
ibili
ty fo
r ser
ious
vio
latio
ns o
f int
erna
tiona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
Sier
ra L
eone
an la
w c
omm
itted
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Si
erra
Leo
ne s
ince
30
Nov
embe
r19
96. 2.
The
Spe
cial
Cou
rt sh
all f
unct
ion
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e St
atut
e of
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
for S
ierr
a Leo
ne. T
he S
tatu
te is
anne
xed
to th
is A
gree
men
t and
form
s an
inte
gral
par
t the
re-
of.
Artic
le 2
. C
ompo
sitio
n of
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
and
app
oint
men
t of j
udge
s
1.Th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt sh
all b
e co
mpo
sed
of a
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r and
an
App
eals
Cha
mbe
rw
ith a
seco
nd T
rial C
ham
ber t
o be
cre
ated
if, a
fter t
he p
assa
ge o
f at l
east
six
mon
ths f
rom
the
com
men
cem
ent
of t
he f
unct
ioni
ng o
f th
e Sp
ecia
l C
ourt,
the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al, t
hePr
osec
utor
or t
he P
resi
dent
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
so re
ques
t. U
p to
two
alte
rnat
e jud
ges s
hall
sim
ilarly
be
appo
inte
d af
ter s
ix m
onth
s if t
he P
resi
dent
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
so d
eter
min
es.
2. T
he C
ham
bers
shal
l be
com
pose
d of
no
few
er th
an e
ight
inde
pend
ent j
udge
s and
no
mor
e th
an e
leve
n su
ch ju
dges
who
shal
l ser
ve a
s fol
low
s:
(a) T
hree
judg
es sh
all s
erve
in th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber w
here
one
shal
l be
appo
inte
d by
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Si
erra
Leo
ne a
nd tw
o ju
dges
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, upo
n
139
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
nom
inat
ions
for
war
ded
by S
tate
s, an
d in
par
ticul
ar th
e m
embe
r St
ates
of
the
Econ
omic
Com
mun
ity o
f Wes
t Afr
ican
Sta
tes a
nd th
e C
omm
onw
ealth
, at t
he in
vita
tion
of th
e Se
cre-
tary
-Gen
eral
;(b
) In
the
even
t of t
he c
reat
ion
of a
seco
nd T
rial C
ham
ber,
that
Cha
mbe
r sha
ll be
like
-w
ise
com
pose
d in
the
man
ner c
onta
ined
in su
bpar
agra
ph (a
) abo
ve;
(c) F
ive
judg
es s
hall
serv
e in
the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r, of
who
m tw
o sh
all b
e ap
poin
ted
by th
e G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
thre
e ju
dges
sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
upo
n no
min
atio
ns fo
rwar
ded
by S
tate
s, an
d in
par
ticul
ar th
e m
embe
r Sta
tes o
f the
Econ
omic
Com
mun
ity o
f Wes
t Afr
ican
Sta
tes a
nd th
e C
omm
onw
ealth
, at t
he in
vita
tion
ofth
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
. 3.
The
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e an
d th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
shal
l con
sult
on th
e ap
-po
intm
ent o
f jud
ges.
4.Ju
dges
shal
l be
appo
inte
d fo
r a th
ree-
year
term
and
shal
l be
elig
ible
for r
e-ap
poin
t-m
ent. 5.
If, a
t the
requ
est o
f the
Pre
side
nt o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt, a
n al
tern
ate
judg
e or
judg
esha
ve b
een
appo
inte
d by
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e or
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al, t
he p
re-
sidi
ng ju
dge
of a
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r or t
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber s
hall
desi
gnat
e su
ch a
n al
tern
ate
judg
e to
be
pres
ent a
t eac
h st
age
of th
e tri
al a
nd to
repl
ace
a ju
dge
if th
at ju
dge
is u
nabl
e to
cont
inue
sitti
ng.
Artic
le 3
. Ap
poin
tmen
t of a
Pro
secu
tor a
nd a
Dep
uty
Pros
ecut
or
1.Th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, afte
r co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith th
e G
over
nmen
t of
Sier
ra L
eone
,sh
all a
ppoi
nt a
Pro
secu
tor f
or a
thre
e-ye
ar te
rm.
The
Pros
ecut
or sh
all b
e el
igib
le fo
r rea
p-po
intm
ent.
2. T
he G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Leo
ne, i
n co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith th
e Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al an
d th
ePr
osec
utor
, sha
ll ap
poin
t a S
ierr
a Leo
nean
Dep
uty
Pros
ecut
or to
assi
st th
e Pro
secu
tor i
n th
eco
nduc
t of t
he in
vest
igat
ions
and
pro
secu
tions
. 3.
The
Pro
secu
tor a
nd th
e D
eput
y Pr
osec
utor
shal
l be
of h
igh
mor
al c
hara
cter
and
pos
-se
ss th
e hi
ghes
t lev
el o
f pro
fess
iona
l com
pete
nce
and
exte
nsiv
e ex
perie
nce
in th
e co
nduc
tof
inve
stig
atio
ns a
nd p
rose
cutio
ns o
f crim
inal
cas
es.
The
Pros
ecut
or a
nd th
e D
eput
y Pr
os-
ecut
or s
hall
be in
depe
nden
t in
the
perf
orm
ance
of t
heir
func
tions
and
sha
ll no
t acc
ept o
rse
ek in
stru
ctio
ns fr
om a
ny G
over
nmen
t or a
ny o
ther
sour
ce.
4.Th
e Pr
osec
utor
sha
ll be
ass
iste
d by
suc
h Si
erra
Leo
nean
and
inte
rnat
iona
l sta
ff a
sm
ay b
e re
quire
d to
per
form
the
func
tions
ass
igne
d to
him
or h
er e
ffec
tivel
y an
d ef
ficie
ntly
.
Artic
le 4
. Ap
poin
tmen
t of a
Reg
istr
ar
1. T
he S
ecre
tary
-Gen
eral
, in
cons
ulta
tion
with
the
Pres
iden
t of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt,
shal
lap
poin
t a R
egis
trar w
ho sh
all b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
serv
icin
g of
the
Cha
mbe
rs a
nd th
e O
f-fic
e of
the
Pros
ecut
or, a
nd fo
r the
recr
uitm
ent a
nd a
dmin
istra
tion
of a
ll su
ppor
t sta
ff.
He
or sh
e sh
all a
lso
adm
inis
ter t
he fi
nanc
ial a
nd st
aff r
esou
rces
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt.
153
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
140
2.Th
e R
egis
trar s
hall
be a
staf
f mem
ber o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. H
e or
she
shal
l ser
vea
thre
e-ye
ar te
rm a
nd sh
all b
e el
igib
le fo
r re-
appo
intm
ent.
Artic
le 5
. Pr
emis
es
The
Gov
ernm
ent s
hall
assi
st in
the
prov
isio
n of
pre
mis
es f
or th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt an
dsu
ch u
tiliti
es, f
acili
ties a
nd o
ther
serv
ices
as m
ay b
e ne
cess
ary
for i
ts o
pera
tion.
Artic
le 6
. Ex
pens
es o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt
The
expe
nses
of t
he C
ourt
shal
l be
born
e by
vol
unta
ry c
ontri
butio
ns fr
om th
e in
tern
a-tio
nal c
omm
unity
. It
is u
nder
stoo
d th
at th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
will
com
men
ce th
e pr
oces
sof
est
ablis
hing
the
Cou
rt w
hen
he h
as su
ffic
ient
con
tribu
tions
in h
and
to fi
nanc
e th
e es
tab-
lishm
ent o
f the
Cou
rt an
d 12
mon
ths o
f its
ope
ratio
ns p
lus p
ledg
es e
qual
to th
e an
ticip
ated
expe
nses
of t
he fo
llow
ing
24 m
onth
s of t
he C
ourt'
s ope
ratio
n. I
t is f
urth
er u
nder
stoo
d th
atth
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
will
con
tinue
to se
ek c
ontri
butio
ns e
qual
to th
e an
ticip
ated
exp
ense
sof
the
Cou
rt be
yond
its
first
thre
e ye
ars
of o
pera
tion.
Sho
uld
volu
ntar
y co
ntrib
utio
ns b
ein
suff
icie
nt fo
r the
Cou
rt to
impl
emen
t its
man
date
, the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al a
nd th
e Se
curit
yC
ounc
il sh
all e
xplo
re a
ltern
ate
mea
ns o
f fin
anci
ng th
e C
ourt.
Artic
le 7
. M
anag
emen
t Com
mitt
ee
It is
the u
nder
stan
ding
of t
he P
artie
s tha
t int
eres
ted
Stat
es m
ay w
ish
to es
tabl
ish
a man
-ag
emen
t com
mitt
ee to
ass
ist t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
in o
btai
ning
ade
quat
e fu
ndin
g, p
rovi
de a
d-vi
ce o
n m
atte
rs o
f Cou
rt ad
min
istra
tion
and
be a
vaila
ble
as a
ppro
pria
te to
con
sult
on o
ther
non-
judi
cial
mat
ters
. Th
e m
anag
emen
t com
mitt
ee w
ill in
clud
e re
pres
enta
tives
of i
nter
este
d St
ates
that
con
-tri
bute
vol
unta
rily
to th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt, a
s wel
l as r
epre
sent
ativ
es o
f the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Si-
erra
Leo
ne a
nd th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
.
Artic
le 8
. In
viol
abili
ty o
f pre
mis
es, a
rchi
ves a
nd a
ll ot
her d
ocum
ents
1.Th
e pr
emis
es o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt sh
all b
e in
viol
able
. Th
e co
mpe
tent
aut
horit
ies
shal
l tak
e w
hate
ver a
ctio
n m
ay b
e ne
cess
ary
to e
nsur
e th
at th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt sh
all n
ot b
edi
spos
sess
ed o
f all
or a
ny p
art o
f the
pre
mis
es o
f the
Cou
rt w
ithou
t its
exp
ress
con
sent
. 2.
The
pro
perty
, fun
ds an
d as
sets
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt,
whe
reve
r loc
ated
and
by w
hom
-so
ever
hel
d, sh
all b
e im
mun
e fr
om se
arch
, sei
zure
, req
uisi
tion,
con
fisca
tion,
exp
ropr
iatio
nan
d an
y ot
her f
orm
of i
nter
fere
nce,
whe
ther
by
exec
utiv
e, a
dmin
istra
tive,
judi
cial
or l
egis
-la
tive
actio
n.
3.Th
e ar
chiv
es o
f the
Cou
rt, a
nd in
gen
eral
all
docu
men
ts a
nd m
ater
ials
mad
e av
ail-
able
, bel
ongi
ng to
or u
sed
by it
, whe
reve
r loc
ated
and
by
who
mso
ever
hel
d, s
hall
be in
vi-
olab
le.
141
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
Artic
le 9
. Fu
nds,
asse
ts a
nd o
ther
pro
pert
y
1.Th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt, it
s fu
nds,
asse
ts a
nd o
ther
pro
perty
, whe
reve
r lo
cate
d an
d by
who
mso
ever
hel
d, s
hall
enjo
y im
mun
ity fr
om e
very
form
of l
egal
pro
cess
, exc
ept i
nsof
aras
in a
ny p
artic
ular
cas
e th
e C
ourt
has
expr
essl
y w
aive
d its
imm
unity
. It
is u
nder
stoo
d,ho
wev
er, t
hat n
o w
aive
r of i
mm
unity
shal
l ext
end
to a
ny m
easu
re o
f exe
cutio
n.
2.W
ithou
t bei
ng r
estri
cted
by
finan
cial
con
trols
, reg
ulat
ions
or
mor
ator
ium
s of
any
kind
, the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt:
(a) M
ay h
old
and
use
fund
s, go
ld o
r neg
otia
ble
inst
rum
ents
of a
ny k
ind
and
mai
ntai
nan
d op
erat
e acc
ount
s in
any
curr
ency
and
conv
ert a
ny cu
rren
cy h
eld
by it
into
any
othe
r cur
-re
ncy;
(b
) Sha
ll be
free
to tr
ansf
er it
s fun
ds, g
old
or c
urre
ncy
from
one
cou
ntry
to a
noth
er, o
rw
ithin
Sie
rra
Leon
e, to
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
or a
ny o
ther
age
ncy.
Artic
le 1
0. S
eat o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l hav
e its
seat
in S
ierr
a Le
one.
The
Cou
rt m
ay m
eet a
way
from
its se
at if
it c
onsi
ders
it n
eces
sary
for t
he e
ffic
ient
exe
rcis
e of
its f
unct
ions
, and
may
be
re-
loca
ted
outs
ide
Sier
ra L
eone
, if c
ircum
stan
ces s
o re
quire
, and
subj
ect t
o th
e co
nclu
sion
of
a H
eadq
uarte
rs A
gree
men
t bet
wee
n th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd th
eG
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one,
on
the
one
hand
, and
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f the
alte
rnat
ive
seat
,on
the
othe
r.
Artic
le 1
1. J
urid
ical
cap
acity
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l pos
sess
the
jurid
ical
cap
acity
nec
essa
ry to
: (a
) Con
tract
; (b
) Acq
uire
and
dis
pose
of m
ovab
le a
nd im
mov
able
pro
perty
; (c
) Ins
titut
e le
gal p
roce
edin
gs;
(d) E
nter
into
agr
eem
ents
with
Sta
tes a
s may
be
nece
ssar
y fo
r the
exe
rcis
e of
its f
unc-
tions
and
for t
he o
pera
tion
of th
e C
ourt.
Artic
le 1
2. P
rivi
lege
s and
imm
uniti
es o
f the
judg
es, t
he P
rose
cuto
r and
the
Regi
stra
r
1.Th
e ju
dges
, the
Pro
secu
tor a
nd th
e R
egis
trar,
toge
ther
with
thei
r fam
ilies
form
ing
part
of th
eir h
ouse
hold
, sha
ll en
joy
the
priv
ilege
s and
imm
uniti
es,
exem
ptio
ns a
nd fa
cilit
ies
acco
rded
to d
iplo
mat
ic a
gent
s in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
1961
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
on D
iplo
mat
ic R
elat
ions
. Th
ey sh
all,
in p
artic
ular
, enj
oy:
(a) P
erso
nal i
nvio
labi
lity,
incl
udin
g im
mun
ity fr
om a
rres
t or d
eten
tion;
(b
) Im
mun
ity fr
om c
rimin
al, c
ivil
and
adm
inis
trativ
e ju
risdi
ctio
n in
con
form
ity w
ithth
e V
ienn
a C
onve
ntio
n;
(c) I
nvio
labi
lity
for a
ll pa
pers
and
doc
umen
ts;
154
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
142
(d) E
xem
ptio
n, a
s ap
prop
riate
, fro
m im
mig
ratio
n re
stric
tions
and
oth
er a
lien
regi
stra
-tio
ns; (e
) The
sam
e im
mun
ities
and
faci
litie
s in
resp
ect o
f the
ir pe
rson
al b
agga
ge a
s ar
e ac
-co
rded
to d
iplo
mat
ic a
gent
s by
the
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion;
(f
) Exe
mpt
ion
from
taxa
tion
in S
ierr
a Le
one
on th
eir s
alar
ies,
emol
umen
ts a
nd a
llow
-an
ces. 2.
Priv
ilege
s and
imm
uniti
es a
re a
ccor
ded
to th
e ju
dges
, the
Pro
secu
tor a
nd th
e R
egis
-tra
r in
the
inte
rest
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
and
not f
or th
e pe
rson
al b
enef
it of
the
indi
vidu
als
them
selv
es.
The
right
and
the
duty
to w
aive
the
imm
unity
, in
any
case
whe
re it
can
be
wai
ved
with
out p
reju
dice
to th
e pu
rpos
e fo
r whi
ch it
is a
ccor
ded,
sha
ll lie
with
the
Secr
e-ta
ry-G
ener
al, i
n co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith th
e Pr
esid
ent.
Artic
le 1
3. P
rivi
lege
s and
imm
uniti
es o
f int
erna
tiona
l and
Sie
rra
Leon
ean
pers
onne
l
1. S
ierr
a Le
onea
n an
d in
tern
atio
nal p
erso
nnel
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
shal
l be
acco
rded
:(a
) Im
mun
ity fr
om le
gal p
roce
ss in
resp
ect o
f wor
ds sp
oken
or w
ritte
n an
d al
l act
s per
-fo
rmed
by
them
in th
eir o
ffic
ial c
apac
ity.
Such
imm
unity
shal
l con
tinue
to b
e ac
cord
ed a
f-te
r ter
min
atio
n of
em
ploy
men
t with
the
Spec
ial C
ourt;
(b
) Im
mun
ity fr
om ta
xatio
n on
sala
ries,
allo
wan
ces a
nd e
mol
umen
ts p
aid
to th
em.
2. In
tern
atio
nal p
erso
nnel
shal
l, in
add
ition
ther
eto,
be
acco
rded
: (a
) Im
mun
ity fr
om im
mig
ratio
n re
stric
tion;
(b
) The
righ
t to
impo
rt fr
ee o
f dut
ies a
nd ta
xes,
exce
pt fo
r pay
men
t for
serv
ices
, the
irfu
rnitu
re a
nd e
ffec
ts a
t the
tim
e of
firs
t tak
ing
up th
eir o
ffic
ial d
utie
s in
Sier
ra L
eone
. 3.
The
priv
ilege
s and
imm
uniti
es a
re g
rant
ed to
the
offic
ials
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
in th
ein
tere
st o
f the
Cou
rt an
d no
t for
thei
r per
sona
l ben
efit.
The
righ
t and
the
duty
to w
aive
the
imm
unity
in a
ny p
artic
ular
cas
e w
here
it c
an b
e w
aive
d w
ithou
t pr
ejud
ice
to th
e pu
rpos
efo
r whi
ch it
is a
ccor
ded
shal
l lie
with
the
Reg
istra
r of t
he C
ourt.
Artic
le 1
4. C
ouns
el
1.Th
e G
over
nmen
t sha
ll en
sure
that
the
coun
sel o
f a s
uspe
ct o
r an
accu
sed
who
has
been
adm
itted
as
such
by
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l not
be
subj
ecte
d to
any
mea
sure
whi
chm
ay a
ffec
t the
free
and
inde
pend
ent e
xerc
ise
of h
is o
r her
func
tions
. 2.
In p
artic
ular
, the
cou
nsel
shal
l be
acco
rded
: a.
Imm
unity
from
per
sona
l arr
est o
r det
entio
n an
d fr
om se
izur
e of
per
sona
l bag
gage
;b.
Invi
olab
ility
of
all d
ocum
ents
rel
atin
g to
the
exer
cise
of
his
or h
er f
unct
ions
as
aco
unse
l of a
susp
ect o
r acc
used
; c.
Imm
unity
from
crim
inal
or c
ivil
juris
dict
ion
in re
spec
t of w
ords
spo
ken
or w
ritte
nan
d ac
ts p
erfo
rmed
in h
is o
r her
cap
acity
as
coun
sel.
Suc
h im
mun
ity s
hall
cont
inue
to b
eac
cord
ed a
fter t
erm
inat
ion
of h
is o
r her
func
tions
as a
cou
nsel
of a
susp
ect o
r acc
used
. d.
Imm
unity
from
any
imm
igra
tion
rest
rictio
ns d
urin
g hi
s or h
er st
ay a
s wel
l as d
urin
ghi
s or h
er jo
urne
y to
the
Cou
rt an
d ba
ck.
143
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
Artic
le 1
5. W
itnes
ses a
nd e
xper
ts
Witn
esse
s and
expe
rts ap
pear
ing
from
out
side
Sie
rra L
eone
on
a su
mm
ons o
r a re
ques
tof
the
judg
es o
r the
Pro
secu
tor s
hall
not b
e pr
osec
uted
, det
aine
d or
subj
ecte
d to
any
rest
ric-
tion
on th
eir l
iber
ty b
y th
e Si
erra
Leo
nean
aut
horit
ies.
The
y sh
all n
ot b
e su
bjec
ted
to a
nym
easu
re w
hich
may
aff
ect t
he fr
ee a
nd in
depe
nden
t exe
rcis
e of
thei
r fun
ctio
ns.
The
prov
i-si
ons o
f arti
cle
13, p
arag
raph
2(a
) and
(d),
shal
l app
ly to
them
.
Artic
le 1
6. S
ecur
ity, s
afet
y an
d pr
otec
tion
of p
erso
ns re
ferr
ed to
in th
is A
gree
men
t
Rec
ogni
zing
the
resp
onsi
bilit
y of
the
Gov
ernm
ent u
nder
inte
rnat
iona
l law
to e
nsur
eth
e se
curit
y, sa
fety
and
pro
tect
ion
of p
erso
ns re
ferr
ed to
in th
is A
gree
men
t and
its p
rese
ntin
capa
city
to
do s
o pe
ndin
g th
e re
stru
ctur
ing
and
rebu
ildin
g of
its
sec
urity
for
ces,
it is
agre
ed th
at th
e Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Mis
sion
in S
ierr
a Leo
ne sh
all p
rovi
de th
e nec
essa
ry se
curit
yto
pre
mis
es a
nd p
erso
nnel
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt,
sub
ject
to a
n ap
prop
riate
man
date
by
the
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
and
with
in it
s cap
abili
ties.
Artic
le 1
7. C
oope
ratio
n w
ith th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt
1. T
he G
over
nmen
t sha
ll co
oper
ate
with
all
orga
ns o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt at
all
stag
es o
fth
e pr
ocee
ding
s. It
sha
ll, in
par
ticul
ar, f
acili
tate
acc
ess
to th
e Pr
osec
utor
to s
ites,
pers
ons
and
rele
vant
doc
umen
ts re
quire
d fo
r the
inve
stig
atio
n.
2.Th
e G
over
nmen
t sha
ll co
mpl
y w
ithou
t und
ue d
elay
with
any
requ
est f
or a
ssis
tanc
eby
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
or a
n or
der i
ssue
d by
the
Cha
mbe
rs, i
nclu
ding
, but
not
lim
ited
to:
a. Id
entif
icat
ion
and
loca
tion
of p
erso
ns;
b. S
ervi
ce o
f doc
umen
ts;
c.A
rres
t or d
eten
tion
of p
erso
ns;
d. T
rans
fer o
f an
indi
ctee
to th
e C
ourt.
Artic
le 1
8. W
orki
ng la
ngua
ge
The
offic
ial w
orki
ng la
ngua
ge o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt sh
all b
e En
glis
h.
Artic
le 1
9. P
ract
ical
arr
ange
men
ts
1.W
ith a
vie
w to
ach
ievi
ng e
ffic
ienc
y an
d co
st-e
ffec
tiven
ess
in th
e op
erat
ion
of th
eSp
ecia
l Cou
rt, a
pha
sed-
in a
ppro
ach
shal
l be
adop
ted
for i
ts e
stab
lishm
ent i
n ac
cord
ance
with
the
chro
nolo
gica
l ord
er o
f the
lega
l pro
cess
. 2.
In th
e fir
st p
hase
of t
he o
pera
tion
of th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt, ju
dges
, the
Pro
secu
tor a
ndth
e R
egis
trar w
ill b
e ap
poin
ted
alon
g w
ith in
vest
igat
ive
and
pros
ecut
oria
l sta
ff.
The
pro-
cess
of i
nves
tigat
ions
and
pro
secu
tions
of t
hose
alre
ady
in c
usto
dy sh
all b
e in
itiat
ed.
3.In
the
initi
al p
hase
, jud
ges o
f the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r and
the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r sha
ll be
conv
ened
on
an a
d ho
c ba
sis f
or d
ealin
g w
ith o
rgan
izat
iona
l mat
ters
, and
serv
ing
whe
n re
-qu
ired
to p
erfo
rm th
eir d
utie
s.
155
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
144
4.Ju
dges
of t
he T
rial C
ham
ber s
hall
take
per
man
ent o
ffic
e sh
ortly
bef
ore
the
inve
sti-
gatio
n pr
oces
s has
bee
n co
mpl
eted
. Ju
dges
of t
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber s
hall
take
per
man
ent
offic
e w
hen
the
first
tria
l pro
cess
has
bee
n co
mpl
eted
.
Artic
le 2
0. S
ettle
men
t of D
ispu
tes
Any
dis
pute
bet
wee
n th
e Pa
rties
con
cern
ing
the
inte
rpre
tatio
n or
app
licat
ion
of th
isA
gree
men
t sha
ll be
settl
ed b
y ne
gotia
tion,
or b
y an
y ot
her m
utua
lly a
gree
d-up
on m
ode
ofse
ttlem
ent.
Artic
le 2
1. E
ntry
into
forc
e
The p
rese
nt A
gree
men
t sha
ll en
ter i
nto
forc
e on
the d
ay af
ter b
oth
Parti
es h
ave n
otifi
edea
ch o
ther
in w
ritin
g th
at th
e le
gal r
equi
rem
ents
for e
ntry
into
forc
e ha
ve b
een
com
plie
dw
ith.
Artic
le 2
2. A
men
dmen
t
This
Agr
eem
ent m
ay b
e am
ende
d by
writ
ten
agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e Pa
rties
.
Artic
le 2
3. T
erm
inat
ion
This
Agr
eem
ent s
hall
be te
rmin
ated
by
agre
emen
t of t
he P
artie
s up
on c
ompl
etio
n of
the
judi
cial
act
iviti
es o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt.
In w
itnes
s w
here
of, t
he fo
llow
ing
duly
aut
horiz
ed re
pres
enta
tives
of t
he U
nite
d N
a-tio
ns a
nd o
f the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e ha
ve si
gned
this
Agr
eem
ent.
Don
e at
Fre
etow
n, o
n 16
Janu
ary
2002
in tw
o or
igin
als i
n th
e En
glis
h la
ngua
ge.
For t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns:
HA
NS
CO
REL
L
For t
he G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one:
So
lom
on E
. Ber
ewa
145
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
STA
TUTE
OF
THE
SPEC
IAL
CO
UR
T FO
R S
IER
RA
LEO
NE
Hav
ing
been
est
ablis
hed
by a
n A
gree
men
t bet
wee
n th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd th
e G
ov-
ernm
ent
of S
ierr
a Le
one
purs
uant
to
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
reso
lutio
n 13
15 (
2000
) of
14A
ugus
t200
0, th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt fo
r Sie
rra
Leon
e (h
erei
nafte
r "th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt") s
hall
func
tion
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e pr
ovis
ions
of t
he p
rese
nt S
tatu
te.
Artic
le 1
. C
ompe
tenc
e of
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
1.Th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt sh
all,
exce
pt a
s pro
vide
d in
subp
arag
raph
(2),
have
the
pow
er to
pros
ecut
e per
sons
who
bea
r the
gre
ates
t res
pons
ibili
ty fo
r ser
ious
vio
latio
ns o
f int
erna
tiona
lhu
man
itaria
n la
w a
nd S
ierr
a Le
onea
n la
w c
omm
itted
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e si
nce
30 N
ovem
ber 1
996,
incl
udin
g th
ose
lead
ers
who
, in
com
mitt
ing
such
crim
es, h
ave
thre
at-
ened
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of a
nd im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e pe
ace
proc
ess i
n Si
erra
Leo
ne.
2.A
ny tr
ansg
ress
ions
by
peac
ekee
pers
and
rela
ted
pers
onne
l pre
sent
in S
ierr
a Le
one
purs
uant
to th
e St
atus
of M
issi
on A
gree
men
t in
forc
e be
twee
n th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd th
eG
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one
or a
gree
men
ts b
etw
een
Sier
ra L
eone
and
oth
er G
over
nmen
tsor
regi
onal
org
aniz
atio
ns, o
r, in
the
abse
nce
of s
uch
agre
emen
t, pr
ovid
ed th
at th
e pe
ace-
keep
ing
oper
atio
ns w
ere
unde
rtake
n w
ith th
e co
nsen
t of t
he G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one,
shal
l be
with
in th
e pr
imar
y ju
risdi
ctio
n of
the
send
ing
Stat
e.
3. In
the
even
t the
send
ing
Stat
e is
unw
illin
g or
una
ble
genu
inel
y to
car
ry o
ut a
n in
ves-
tigat
ion
or p
rose
cutio
n, th
e Cou
rt m
ay, i
f aut
horiz
ed b
y th
e Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
on th
e pro
pos-
al o
f any
Sta
te, e
xerc
ise
juris
dict
ion
over
such
per
sons
.
Artic
le 2
. C
rim
es a
gain
st h
uman
ity
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l hav
e th
e po
wer
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
com
mitt
ed th
e fo
l-lo
win
g cr
imes
as p
art o
f a w
ides
prea
d or
syst
emat
ic a
ttack
aga
inst
any
civ
ilian
pop
ulat
ion:
(a
) M
urde
r; (b
) E
xter
min
atio
n;(c
) E
nsla
vem
ent;
(d)
Dep
orta
tion;
(e)
Impr
ison
men
t;(f
) To
rture
; (g
) R
ape,
sexu
al sl
aver
y, e
nfor
ced
pros
titut
ion,
forc
ed p
regn
ancy
and
any
oth
er fo
rmof
sexu
al v
iole
nce;
(h)
Per
secu
tion
on p
oliti
cal,
raci
al, e
thni
c or
relig
ious
gro
unds
;(i)
O
ther
inhu
man
e ac
ts.
156
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
146
Artic
le 3
. Vi
olat
ions
of A
rtic
le 3
com
mon
to th
e G
enev
a C
onve
ntio
ns a
nd o
f Add
ition
al
Prot
ocol
II
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l hav
e th
e po
wer
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
com
mitt
ed o
r or
-de
red
the c
omm
issi
on o
f ser
ious
vio
latio
ns o
f arti
cle 3
com
mon
to th
e Gen
eva C
onve
ntio
nsof
12
Aug
ust 1
949
for t
he P
rote
ctio
n of
War
Vic
tims,
and
of A
dditi
onal
Pro
toco
l II t
here
toof
8 Ju
ne 1
977.
The
se v
iola
tions
shal
l inc
lude
: (a
) V
iole
nce
to li
fe, h
ealth
and
phy
sica
l or m
enta
l wel
l-bei
ng o
f per
sons
, in
parti
cula
rm
urde
r as
wel
l as
crue
l tre
atm
ent s
uch
as to
rture
, mut
ilatio
n or
any
form
of c
orpo
ral p
un-
ishm
ent;
(b)
Col
lect
ive
puni
shm
ents
;(c
) Ta
king
of h
osta
ges;
(d)
Act
s of t
erro
rism
;(e
) O
utra
ges u
pon
pers
onal
dig
nity
, in
parti
cula
r hum
iliat
ing
and
degr
adin
g tre
atm
ent,
rape
, enf
orce
d pr
ostit
utio
n an
d an
y fo
rm o
f ind
ecen
t ass
ault;
(f)
Pilla
ge;
(g)
The
pas
sing
of
sent
ence
s an
d th
e ca
rryi
ng o
ut o
f ex
ecut
ions
with
out
prev
ious
judg
emen
t pro
noun
ced
by a
regu
larly
cons
titut
ed co
urt,
affo
rdin
g al
l the
judi
cial
gua
rant
ees
whi
ch a
re re
cogn
ized
as i
ndis
pens
able
by
civi
lized
peo
ples
;(h
) Th
reat
s to
com
mit
any
of th
e fo
rego
ing
acts
.
Artic
le 4
. O
ther
seri
ous v
iola
tions
of i
nter
natio
nal h
uman
itari
an la
w
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l hav
e th
e po
wer
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
com
mitt
ed th
e fo
l-lo
win
g se
rious
vio
latio
ns o
f int
erna
tiona
l hum
anita
rian
law
: (a
) In
tent
iona
lly d
irect
ing
atta
cks a
gain
st th
e ci
vilia
n po
pula
tion
as su
ch o
r aga
inst
in-
divi
dual
civ
ilian
s not
taki
ng d
irect
par
t in
host
ilitie
s;
(b)
Int
entio
nally
dire
ctin
g at
tack
s ag
ains
t per
sonn
el, i
nsta
llatio
ns, m
ater
ial,
units
or
vehi
cles
invo
lved
in a
hum
anita
rian
assi
stan
ce o
r pea
ceke
epin
g m
issi
on in
acco
rdan
ce w
ithth
e C
harte
r of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns, a
s lon
g as
they
are
ent
itled
to th
e pr
otec
tion
give
n to
ci-
vilia
ns o
r civ
ilian
obj
ects
und
er th
e in
tern
atio
nal l
aw o
f arm
ed c
onfli
ct;
(c)
Con
scrip
ting
or e
nlis
ting
child
ren
unde
r the
age
of 1
5 ye
ars i
nto
arm
ed fo
rces
or
grou
ps o
r usi
ng th
em to
par
ticip
ate
activ
ely
in h
ostil
ities
.
Artic
le 5
. C
rim
es u
nder
Sie
rra
Leon
ean
law
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l hav
e th
e po
wer
to p
rose
cute
per
sons
who
hav
e co
mm
itted
the
follo
win
g cr
imes
und
er S
ierr
a Le
onea
n la
w:
(a) O
ffen
ces r
elat
ing
to th
e ab
use
of g
irls u
nder
the
Prev
entio
n of
Cru
elty
to C
hild
ren
Act
, 192
6 (C
ap. 3
1):
(i)
Abu
sing
a g
irl u
nder
13
year
s of a
ge, c
ontra
ry to
sect
ion
6;(ii
) A
busi
ng a
girl
bet
wee
n 13
and
14
year
s of a
ge, c
ontra
ry to
sect
ion
7;
147
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
(iii)
Abd
uctio
n of
a g
irl fo
r im
mor
al p
urpo
ses,
cont
rary
to se
ctio
n 12
.(b
) O
ffen
ces r
elat
ing
to th
e wan
ton
dest
ruct
ion
of p
rope
rty u
nder
the
Mal
icio
us D
am-
age
Act
, 186
1:(i)
. S
ettin
g fir
e to
dw
ellin
g - h
ouse
s, an
y pe
rson
bei
ng th
erei
n, c
ontra
ry to
sect
ion
2;(ii
) Se
tting
fire
to p
ublic
bui
ldin
gs, c
ontra
ry to
sect
ions
5 a
nd 6
;(ii
i) Se
tting
fire
to o
ther
bui
ldin
gs, c
ontra
ry to
sect
ion
6.
Artic
le 6
. In
divi
dual
cri
min
al re
spon
sibi
lity
1. A
per
son
who
pla
nned
, ins
tigat
ed, o
rder
ed, c
omm
itted
or o
ther
wis
e ai
ded
and
abet
-te
d in
the
plan
ning
, pre
para
tion
or e
xecu
tion
of a
crim
e re
ferr
ed to
in a
rticl
es 2
to 4
of t
hepr
esen
t Sta
tute
shal
l be
indi
vidu
ally
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he c
rime.
2.
The
offic
ial p
ositi
on o
f any
acc
used
per
sons
, whe
ther
as
Hea
d of
Sta
te o
r Gov
ern-
men
t or a
s a
resp
onsi
ble
gove
rnm
ent o
ffic
ial,
shal
l not
relie
ve s
uch
pers
on o
f crim
inal
re-
spon
sibi
lity
nor m
itiga
te p
unis
hmen
t. 3.
The
fact
that
any
of t
he a
cts
refe
rred
to in
arti
cles
2 to
4 o
f the
pre
sent
Sta
tute
was
com
mitt
ed b
y a
subo
rdin
ate
does
not
relie
ve h
is o
r her
sup
erio
r of c
rimin
al re
spon
sibi
lity
if he
or s
he k
new
or h
ad re
ason
to k
now
that
the s
ubor
dina
te w
as a
bout
to c
omm
it su
ch a
cts
or h
ad d
one
so a
nd th
e su
perio
r had
faile
d to
take
the
nece
ssar
y an
d re
ason
able
mea
sure
sto
pre
vent
such
act
s or t
o pu
nish
the
perp
etra
tors
ther
eof.
4.Th
e fa
ct th
at a
n ac
cuse
d pe
rson
act
ed p
ursu
ant t
o an
ord
er o
f a G
over
nmen
t or o
f asu
perio
r sha
ll no
t rel
ieve
him
or h
er o
f crim
inal
resp
onsi
bilit
y, b
ut m
ay b
e co
nsid
ered
inm
itiga
tion
of p
unis
hmen
t if t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
dete
rmin
es th
at ju
stic
e so
requ
ires.
5.In
divi
dual
crim
inal
resp
onsi
bilit
y fo
r the
crim
es re
ferr
ed to
in a
rticl
e 5
shal
l be
de-
term
ined
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e re
spec
tive
law
s of S
ierr
a Le
one.
Artic
le 7
. Ju
risd
ictio
n ov
er p
erso
ns o
f 15
year
s of a
ge
1. T
he S
peci
al C
ourt
shal
l hav
e no
juris
dict
ion
over
any
per
son
who
was
und
er th
e ag
eof
15
at th
e tim
e of
the
alle
ged
com
mis
sion
of t
he c
rime.
Sho
uld
any
pers
on w
ho w
as a
t the
time
of th
e al
lege
d co
mm
issi
on o
f the
crim
e be
twee
n 15
and
18
year
s of a
ge c
ome
befo
reth
e C
ourt,
he
or sh
e sh
all b
e tre
ated
with
dig
nity
and
a se
nse
of w
orth
, tak
ing
into
acc
ount
his o
r her
you
ng ag
e and
the d
esira
bilit
y of
pro
mot
ing
his o
r her
reha
bilit
atio
n, re
inte
grat
ion
into
and
ass
umpt
ion
of a
con
stru
ctiv
e ro
le in
soci
ety,
and
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith in
tern
atio
nal
hum
an ri
ghts
stan
dard
s, in
par
ticul
ar th
e rig
hts o
f the
chi
ld.
2. In
the
disp
ositi
on o
f a c
ase
agai
nst a
juve
nile
off
ende
r, th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt sh
all o
rder
any
of th
e fo
llow
ing:
car
e gu
idan
ce a
nd s
uper
visi
on o
rder
s, co
mm
unity
ser
vice
ord
ers,
coun
selli
ng, f
oste
r car
e, c
orre
ctio
nal,
educ
atio
nal a
nd v
ocat
iona
l tra
inin
g pr
ogra
mm
es, a
p-pr
oved
sch
ools
and
, as
appr
opria
te, a
ny p
rogr
amm
es o
f dis
arm
amen
t, de
mob
iliza
tion
and
rein
tegr
atio
n or
pro
gram
mes
of c
hild
pro
tect
ion
agen
cies
.
157
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
148
Artic
le 8
. C
oncu
rren
t jur
isdi
ctio
n
1. T
he S
peci
al C
ourt
and
the
natio
nal c
ourts
of S
ierr
a Le
one
shal
l hav
e co
ncur
rent
ju-
risdi
ctio
n.
2.Th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt sh
all h
ave
prim
acy
over
the
natio
nal c
ourts
of S
ierr
a Le
one.
At
any
stag
e of t
he p
roce
dure
, the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt m
ay fo
rmal
ly re
ques
t a n
atio
nal c
ourt
to d
efer
to it
s co
mpe
tenc
e in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
pres
ent S
tatu
te a
nd th
e R
ules
of P
roce
dure
and
Evid
ence
.
Artic
le 9
. N
on b
is in
idem
1.N
o pe
rson
sha
ll be
trie
d be
fore
a n
atio
nal c
ourt
of S
ierr
a Le
one
for a
cts
for w
hich
he o
r she
has
alre
ady
been
trie
d by
the
Spec
ial C
ourt.
2.
A p
erso
n w
ho h
as b
een
tried
by
a na
tiona
l cou
rt fo
r the
act
s ref
erre
d to
in a
rticl
es 2
to 4
of t
he p
rese
nt S
tatu
te m
ay b
e su
bseq
uent
ly tr
ied
by th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt if:
(a
) The
act
for w
hich
he
or sh
e w
as tr
ied
was
cha
ract
eriz
ed a
s an
ordi
nary
crim
e; o
r (b
) T
he n
atio
nal c
ourt
proc
eedi
ngs w
ere
not i
mpa
rtial
or i
ndep
ende
nt, w
ere
desi
gned
to sh
ield
the
accu
sed
from
inte
rnat
iona
l crim
inal
resp
onsi
bilit
y or
the c
ase w
as n
ot d
ilige
nt-
ly p
rose
cute
d. 3
. In
cons
ider
ing
the p
enal
ty to
be i
mpo
sed
on a
pers
on co
nvic
ted
of a
crim
eun
der t
he p
rese
nt S
tatu
te, t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
shal
l tak
e in
to a
ccou
nt th
e ex
tent
to w
hich
any
pena
lty im
pose
d by
a n
atio
nal c
ourt
on th
e sa
me
pers
on fo
r the
sam
e ac
t has
alre
ady
been
serv
ed.
Artic
le 1
0. A
mne
sty
An
amne
sty
gran
ted
to a
ny p
erso
n fa
lling
with
in th
e ju
risdi
ctio
n of
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
in re
spec
t of t
he c
rimes
refe
rred
to in
arti
cles
2 to
4 o
f the
pre
sent
Sta
tute
shal
l not
be
a ba
rto
pro
secu
tion.
Artic
le 1
1. O
rgan
izat
ion
of th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt
The
Spec
ial C
ourt
shal
l con
sist
of t
he fo
llow
ing
orga
ns:
(a)
The C
ham
bers
, com
pris
ing
one o
r mor
e Tria
l Cha
mbe
rs an
d an
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r; (b
) Th
e Pr
osec
utor
; and
(c) T
he R
egis
try.
Artic
le 1
2. C
ompo
sitio
n of
the
Cha
mbe
rs
1. T
he C
ham
bers
shal
l be
com
pose
d of
not
less
than
eig
ht (8
) or m
ore
than
ele
ven
(11)
inde
pend
ent j
udge
s, w
ho sh
all s
erve
as f
ollo
ws:
(a
) Thr
ee ju
dges
sha
ll se
rve
in th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber,
of w
hom
one
sha
ll be
a ju
dge
ap-
poin
ted
by th
e G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one,
and
two
judg
es a
ppoi
nted
by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
(her
eina
fter "
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al")
.
149
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
(b)
Fiv
e ju
dges
shal
l ser
ve in
the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r, of
who
m tw
o sh
all b
e ju
dges
ap-
poin
ted
by
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e, a
nd th
ree
judg
es a
ppoi
nted
by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al.
2.
Eac
h ju
dge
shal
l ser
ve o
nly
in th
e C
ham
ber t
o w
hich
he
or sh
e ha
s bee
n ap
poin
ted.
3.
The
judg
es o
f the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r and
the
judg
es o
f the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r, re
spec
-tiv
ely,
sha
ll el
ect a
pre
sidi
ng ju
dge
who
sha
ll co
nduc
t the
pro
ceed
ings
in th
e C
ham
ber t
ow
hich
he o
r she
was
elec
ted.
The
pre
sidi
ng ju
dge o
f the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r sha
ll be
the P
res-
iden
t of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt.
4.
If, a
t the
requ
est o
f the
Pre
side
nt o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt, a
n al
tern
ate
judg
e or
judg
esha
ve b
een
appo
inte
d by
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e or
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al, t
he p
re-
sidi
ng ju
dge
of a
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r or t
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber s
hall
desi
gnat
e su
ch a
n al
tern
ate
judg
e to
be
pres
ent a
t eac
h st
age
of th
e tri
al a
nd to
repl
ace
a ju
dge
if th
at ju
dge
is u
nabl
e to
cont
inue
sitti
ng.
Artic
le 1
3. Q
ualif
icat
ion
and
appo
intm
ent o
f jud
ges
1.Th
e ju
dges
shal
l be
pers
ons o
f hig
h m
oral
cha
ract
er, i
mpa
rtial
ity a
nd in
tegr
ity w
hopo
sses
s the
qua
lific
atio
ns re
quire
d in
thei
r res
pect
ive c
ount
ries f
or ap
poin
tmen
t to
the h
igh-
est j
udic
ial o
ffic
es. T
hey
shal
l be
inde
pend
ent i
n th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
ir fu
nctio
ns, a
ndsh
all n
ot a
ccep
t or s
eek
inst
ruct
ions
from
any
Gov
ernm
ent o
r any
oth
er so
urce
. 2.
In th
e ov
eral
l com
posi
tion
of th
e C
ham
bers
, due
acc
ount
shal
l be
take
n of
the
expe
-rie
nce
of th
e ju
dges
in in
tern
atio
nal l
aw, i
nclu
ding
inte
rnat
iona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
hu-
man
righ
ts la
w, c
rimin
al la
w a
nd ju
veni
le ju
stic
e.
3.Th
e ju
dges
shal
l be
appo
inte
d fo
r a th
ree-
year
per
iod
and
shal
l be
elig
ible
for r
eap-
poin
tmen
t.
Artic
le 1
4. R
ules
of P
roce
dure
and
Evi
denc
e
1.Th
e R
ules
of
Proc
edur
e an
d Ev
iden
ce o
f th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
rimin
al T
ribun
al f
orR
wan
da o
btai
ning
at t
he ti
me
of th
e es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt sh
all b
e ap
plic
able
mut
atis
mut
andi
s to
the
cond
uct o
f the
lega
l pro
ceed
ings
bef
ore
the
Spec
ial C
ourt.
2.
The
judg
es o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt as
a w
hole
may
am
end
the
Rul
es o
f Pro
cedu
re a
ndEv
iden
ce o
r ado
pt a
dditi
onal
rule
s whe
re th
e ap
plic
able
Rul
es d
o no
t, or
do
not a
dequ
atel
y,pr
ovid
e fo
r a
spec
ific
situ
atio
n. I
n so
doi
ng, t
hey
may
be
guid
ed, a
s ap
prop
riate
, by
the
Crim
inal
Pro
cedu
re A
ct, 1
965,
of S
ierr
a Le
one.
Artic
le 1
5. T
he P
rose
cuto
r
1. T
he P
rose
cuto
r sha
ll be
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he in
vest
igat
ion
and
pros
ecut
ion
of p
erso
nsw
ho b
ear t
he g
reat
est r
espo
nsib
ility
for s
erio
us v
iola
tions
of i
nter
natio
nal h
uman
itaria
n la
wan
d cr
imes
und
er S
ierr
a Le
onea
n la
w c
omm
itted
in th
e te
rrito
ry o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e si
nce
30N
ovem
ber 1
996.
The
Pro
secu
tor s
hall
act i
ndep
ende
ntly
as a
sepa
rate
org
an o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt. H
e or
she
sha
ll no
t see
k or
rece
ive
inst
ruct
ions
from
any
Gov
ernm
ent o
r fro
m a
nyot
her s
ourc
e.
158
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
150
2. T
he O
ffic
e of
the
Pros
ecut
or sh
all h
ave
the
pow
er to
que
stio
n su
spec
ts, v
ictim
s and
witn
esse
s, to
col
lect
evi
denc
e an
d to
con
duct
on-
site
inve
stig
atio
ns. I
n ca
rryi
ng o
ut th
ese
task
s, th
e Pr
osec
utor
sha
ll, a
s ap
prop
riate
, be
assi
sted
by
the
Sier
ra L
eone
an a
utho
ritie
sco
ncer
ned.
3.Th
e Pr
osec
utor
sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
for
a th
ree-
year
term
and
shal
l be e
ligib
le fo
r re-
appo
intm
ent.
He o
r she
shal
l be o
f hig
h m
oral
char
acte
r and
pos
-se
ss th
e hi
ghes
t lev
el o
f pr
ofes
sion
al c
ompe
tenc
e, a
nd h
ave
exte
nsiv
e ex
perie
nce
in th
eco
nduc
t of i
nves
tigat
ions
and
pro
secu
tions
of c
rimin
al c
ases
. 4.
The
Pro
secu
tor s
hall
be as
sist
ed b
y a S
ierr
a Leo
nean
Dep
uty
Pros
ecut
or, a
nd b
y su
chot
her S
ierr
a Leo
nean
and
inte
rnat
iona
l sta
ff as
may
be r
equi
red
to p
erfo
rm th
e fun
ctio
ns as
-si
gned
to h
im o
r her
eff
ectiv
ely
and
effic
ient
ly. G
iven
the
natu
re o
f the
crim
es c
omm
itted
and
the
parti
cula
r sen
sitiv
ities
of g
irls,
youn
g w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n vi
ctim
s of r
ape,
sexu
alas
saul
t, ab
duct
ion
and
slav
ery
of a
ll ki
nds,
due
cons
ider
atio
n sh
ould
be
give
n in
the
ap-
poin
tmen
t of s
taff
to th
e em
ploy
men
t of p
rose
cuto
rs a
nd in
vest
igat
ors e
xper
ienc
ed in
gen
-de
r-re
late
d cr
imes
and
juve
nile
just
ice.
5.
In th
e pr
osec
utio
n of
juve
nile
off
ende
rs, t
he P
rose
cuto
r sha
ll en
sure
that
the
child
-re
habi
litat
ion
prog
ram
me
is n
ot p
lace
d at
risk
and
that
, whe
re a
ppro
pria
te, r
esor
t sho
uld
beha
d to
alte
rnat
ive
truth
and
reco
ncili
atio
n m
echa
nism
s, to
the
exte
nt o
f the
ir av
aila
bilit
y.
Artic
le 1
6. T
he R
egis
try
1. T
he R
egis
try sh
all b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
adm
inis
tratio
n an
d se
rvic
ing
of th
e Sp
ecia
lC
ourt. 2.
The
Reg
istry
shal
l con
sist
of a
Reg
istra
r and
such
oth
er st
aff a
s may
be
requ
ired.
3. T
he R
egis
trar s
hall
be ap
poin
ted
by th
e Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al af
ter c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith th
ePr
esid
ent o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt an
d sh
all b
e a
staf
f mem
ber o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. He
or sh
esh
all s
erve
for a
thre
e-ye
ar te
rm a
nd b
e el
igib
le fo
r re-
appo
intm
ent.
4.Th
e R
egis
trar s
hall
set u
p a
Vic
tims
and
Witn
esse
s U
nit w
ithin
the
Reg
istry
. Thi
sU
nit s
hall
prov
ide,
in c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith th
e O
ffic
e of
the
Pros
ecut
or, p
rote
ctiv
e m
easu
res
and
secu
rity
arra
ngem
ents
, cou
nsel
ling
and
othe
r app
ropr
iate
ass
ista
nce
for w
itnes
ses,
vic-
tims w
ho a
ppea
r bef
ore
the
Cou
rt an
d ot
hers
who
are
at r
isk
on a
ccou
nt o
f tes
timon
y gi
ven
by su
ch w
itnes
ses.
The U
nit p
erso
nnel
shal
l inc
lude
expe
rts in
trau
ma,
incl
udin
g tra
uma r
e-la
ted
to c
rimes
of s
exua
l vio
lenc
e an
d vi
olen
ce a
gain
st c
hild
ren.
Artic
le 1
7. R
ight
s of t
he a
ccus
ed
1. A
ll ac
cuse
d sh
all b
e eq
ual b
efor
e th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt.2.
The
accu
sed
shal
l be
entit
led
to a
fair
and
publ
ic h
earin
g, s
ubje
ct to
mea
sure
s or
-de
red
by th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt fo
r the
pro
tect
ion
of v
ictim
s and
witn
esse
s. 3.
The
acc
used
shal
l be
pres
umed
inno
cent
unt
il pr
oved
gui
lty a
ccor
ding
to th
e pr
ovi-
sion
s of t
he p
rese
nt S
tatu
te.
4. In
the
dete
rmin
atio
n of
any
cha
rge
agai
nst t
he a
ccus
ed p
ursu
ant t
o th
e pr
esen
t Sta
t-ut
e, h
e or
she
shal
l be
entit
led
to th
e fo
llow
ing
min
imum
gua
rant
ees,
in fu
ll eq
ualit
y:
151
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
(a)
To b
e in
form
ed p
rom
ptly
and
in d
etai
l in
a la
ngua
ge w
hich
he
or sh
e un
ders
tand
sof
the
natu
re a
nd c
ause
of t
he c
harg
e ag
ains
t him
or h
er;
(b)
To
have
ade
quat
e tim
e an
d fa
cilit
ies f
or th
e pr
epar
atio
n of
his
or h
er d
efen
ce a
ndto
com
mun
icat
e w
ith c
ouns
el o
f his
or h
er o
wn
choo
sing
;
(c
) T
o be
trie
d w
ithou
t und
ue d
elay
; (d
) T
o be
trie
d in
his
or h
er p
rese
nce,
and
to d
efen
d hi
mse
lf or
her
self
in p
erso
n or
thro
ugh
lega
l ass
ista
nce
of h
is o
r her
ow
n ch
oosi
ng; t
o be
info
rmed
, if h
e or
she
doe
s no
tha
ve le
gal a
ssis
tanc
e, o
f thi
s rig
ht; a
nd to
hav
e le
gal a
ssis
tanc
e as
sign
ed to
him
or h
er, i
nan
y ca
se w
here
the i
nter
ests
of j
ustic
e so
requ
ire, a
nd w
ithou
t pay
men
t by
him
or h
er in
any
such
cas
e if
he o
r she
doe
s not
hav
e su
ffic
ient
mea
ns to
pay
for i
t; (e
) To
exam
ine,
or h
ave
exam
ined
, the
witn
esse
s aga
inst
him
or h
er a
nd to
obt
ain
the
atte
ndan
ce a
nd e
xam
inat
ion
of w
itnes
ses o
n hi
s or h
er b
ehal
f und
er th
e sa
me
cond
ition
s as
witn
esse
s aga
inst
him
or h
er;
(f)
To
have
the f
ree a
ssis
tanc
e of a
n in
terp
rete
r if h
e or s
he ca
nnot
und
erst
and
or sp
eak
the
lang
uage
use
d in
the
Spec
ial C
ourt;
(g)
Not
to b
e co
mpe
lled
to te
stify
aga
inst
him
self
or h
erse
lf or
to c
onfe
ss g
uilt.
Artic
le 1
8. J
udge
men
t
The
judg
emen
t sha
ll be
rend
ered
by
a m
ajor
ity o
f the
judg
es o
f the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r or
of th
e A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber,
and
shal
l be
deliv
ered
in p
ublic
. It s
hall
be a
ccom
pani
ed b
y a
rea-
sone
d op
inio
n in
writ
ing,
to w
hich
sepa
rate
or d
isse
ntin
g op
inio
ns m
ay b
e ap
pend
ed.
Artic
le 1
9. P
enal
ties
1.Th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber s
hall
impo
se u
pon
a co
nvic
ted
pers
on, o
ther
than
a ju
veni
le o
f-fe
nder
, im
pris
onm
ent f
or a
spec
ified
num
ber o
f yea
rs. I
n de
term
inin
g th
e te
rms o
f im
pris
-on
men
t, th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber
shal
l, as
app
ropr
iate
, hav
e re
cour
se to
the
prac
tice
rega
rdin
gpr
ison
sent
ence
s in
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Crim
inal
Trib
unal
for R
wan
da a
nd th
e na
tiona
l cou
rtsof
Sie
rra
Leon
e.
2. In
impo
sing
the
sent
ence
s, th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber s
houl
d ta
ke in
to a
ccou
nt su
ch fa
ctor
sas
the
grav
ity o
f the
off
ence
and
the
indi
vidu
al c
ircum
stan
ces o
f the
con
vict
ed p
erso
n.
3. In
addi
tion
to im
pris
onm
ent,
the T
rial C
ham
ber m
ay o
rder
the f
orfe
iture
of t
he p
rop-
erty
, pro
ceed
s and
any
ass
ets a
cqui
red
unla
wfu
lly o
r by
crim
inal
con
duct
, and
thei
r ret
urn
to th
eir r
ight
ful o
wne
r or t
o th
e St
ate
of S
ierr
a Le
one.
Artic
le 2
0. A
ppel
late
pro
ceed
ings
1. T
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber s
hall
hear
appe
als f
rom
per
sons
conv
icte
d by
the T
rial C
ham
-be
r or f
rom
the
Pros
ecut
or o
n th
e fo
llow
ing
grou
nds:
(a
) A p
roce
dura
l err
or;
(b)
An
erro
r on
a qu
estio
n of
law
inva
lidat
ing
the
deci
sion
;(c
) A
n er
ror o
f fac
t whi
ch h
as o
ccas
ione
d a
mis
carr
iage
of j
ustic
e.
159
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
152
2. T
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber m
ay a
ffirm
, rev
erse
or r
evis
e th
e de
cisi
ons t
aken
by
the
Tria
lC
ham
ber.
3. T
he ju
dges
of t
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt sh
all b
e gu
ided
by
the
de-
cisi
ons
of th
e A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber o
f the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Trib
unal
s fo
r the
form
er Y
ugos
lavi
aan
d fo
r Rw
anda
. In
the i
nter
pret
atio
n an
d ap
plic
atio
n of
the l
aws o
f Sie
rra L
eone
, the
y sh
all
be g
uide
d by
the
deci
sion
s of t
he S
upre
me
Cou
rt of
Sie
rra
Leon
e.
Artic
le 2
1. R
evie
w p
roce
edin
gs
1. W
here
a n
ew fa
ct h
as b
een
disc
over
ed w
hich
was
not
kno
wn
at th
e tim
e of
the
pro-
ceed
ings
bef
ore
the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r or t
he A
ppea
ls C
ham
ber a
nd w
hich
cou
ld h
ave
been
ade
cisi
ve fa
ctor
in re
achi
ng th
e de
cisi
on, t
he c
onvi
cted
per
son
or th
e Pr
osec
utor
may
subm
itan
app
licat
ion
for r
evie
w o
f the
judg
emen
t. 2.
An
appl
icat
ion
for r
evie
w sh
all b
e su
bmitt
ed to
the
App
eals
Cha
mbe
r. Th
e A
ppea
lsC
ham
ber m
ay re
ject
the
appl
icat
ion
if it
cons
ider
s it t
o be
unf
ound
ed. I
f it d
eter
min
es th
atth
e ap
plic
atio
n is
mer
itorio
us, i
t may
, as a
ppro
pria
te:
(a) R
econ
vene
the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r; (b
) R
etai
n ju
risdi
ctio
n ov
er th
e m
atte
r.
Artic
le 2
2. E
nfor
cem
ent o
f sen
tenc
es
1.Im
pris
onm
ent s
hall
be s
erve
d in
Sie
rra
Leon
e. If
circ
umst
ance
s so
requ
ire, i
mpr
is-
onm
ent m
ay al
so b
e ser
ved
in an
y of
the S
tate
s whi
ch h
ave c
oncl
uded
with
the I
nter
natio
nal
Crim
inal
Trib
unal
for R
wan
da o
r the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Crim
inal
Trib
unal
for t
he fo
rmer
Yug
o-sl
avia
an ag
reem
ent f
or th
e enf
orce
men
t of s
ente
nces
, and
whi
ch h
ave i
ndic
ated
to th
e Reg
-is
trar o
f the
Spe
cial
Cou
rt th
eir w
illin
gnes
s to
acce
pt c
onvi
cted
per
sons
. The
Spe
cial
Cou
rtm
ay c
oncl
ude
sim
ilar a
gree
men
ts fo
r the
enf
orce
men
t of s
ente
nces
with
oth
er S
tate
s. 2.
Con
ditio
ns o
f im
pris
onm
ent,
whe
ther
in S
ierr
a Le
one
or in
a th
ird S
tate
, sha
ll be
gove
rned
by
the
law
of t
he S
tate
of e
nfor
cem
ent s
ubje
ct to
the
supe
rvis
ion
of th
e Sp
ecia
lC
ourt.
The
Sta
te o
f enf
orce
men
t sha
ll be
bou
nd b
y th
e du
ratio
n of
the
sent
ence
, sub
ject
toar
ticle
23
of th
e pr
esen
t Sta
tute
.
Artic
le 2
3. P
ardo
n or
com
mut
atio
n of
sent
ence
s
If, p
ursu
ant t
o th
e ap
plic
able
law
of t
he S
tate
in w
hich
the
conv
icte
d pe
rson
is im
pris
-on
ed, h
e or
she
is e
ligib
le fo
r par
don
or c
omm
utat
ion
of se
nten
ce, t
he S
tate
con
cern
ed sh
all
notif
y th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt ac
cord
ingl
y. T
here
sha
ll on
ly b
e pa
rdon
or c
omm
utat
ion
of s
en-
tenc
e if
the
Pres
iden
t of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt,
in c
onsu
ltatio
n w
ith th
e ju
dges
, so
deci
des
onth
e ba
sis o
f the
inte
rest
s of j
ustic
e an
d th
e ge
nera
l prin
cipl
es o
f law
.
153
Volu
me
2178
, I-3
8342
Artic
le 2
4. W
orki
ng la
ngua
ge
The
wor
king
lang
uage
of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
shal
l be
Engl
ish.
Artic
le 2
5. A
nnua
l Rep
ort
The
Pres
iden
t of t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
shal
l sub
mit
an a
nnua
l rep
ort o
n th
e op
erat
ion
and
activ
ities
of t
he C
ourt
to th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
and
to th
e G
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one.
160
United Nations Security Council resolution 1400 (2002) of 28 March 2002 (United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone)
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
S /R
ES/1
400
(200
2)
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
Dis
tr.: G
ener
al
28 M
arch
200
2
02-3
0907
(E)
*0
23
09
07
*
Res
olut
ion
1400
(200
2)
Ado
pted
by
the
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil
at it
s 45
00th
mee
ting
, on
28 M
arch
200
2
The
Secu
rity
Cou
ncil ,
Reca
lling
its
pr
evio
us
reso
lutio
ns
and
the
stat
emen
ts
of
its
Pres
iden
tco
ncer
ning
the
situ
atio
n in
Sie
rra
Leon
e,
Affir
min
g th
e co
mm
itmen
t of
all
Stat
es t
o re
spec
t th
e so
vere
ignt
y, p
oliti
cal
inde
pend
ence
and
terr
itori
al in
tegr
ity o
f Sie
rra
Leon
e,
Wel
com
ing
the
mee
ting
of t
he M
ano
Riv
er U
nion
Pre
side
nts
held
in
Rab
at o
n27
Feb
ruar
y 20
02 a
t the
invi
tatio
n of
His
Maj
esty
the
Kin
g of
Mor
occo
,
Wel
com
ing
the
furt
her
prog
ress
mad
e in
the
pea
ce p
roce
ss i
n Si
erra
Leo
ne,
incl
udin
g th
e lif
ting
of t
he s
tate
of
emer
genc
y, c
omm
endi
ng t
he p
ositi
ve r
ole
of t
heU
nite
d N
atio
ns M
issi
on i
n Si
erra
Leo
ne (
UN
AM
SIL)
in
adva
ncin
g th
e pe
ace
proc
ess,
and
cal
ling
for i
ts fu
rthe
r con
solid
atio
n,
Enco
urag
ing
the
Man
o R
iver
Uni
on W
omen
’s P
eace
Net
wor
k an
d ot
her
civi
lso
ciet
y in
itiat
ives
to c
ontin
ue th
eir c
ontr
ibut
ion
tow
ards
regi
onal
pea
ce,
Det
erm
inin
g th
at t
he s
ituat
ion
in S
ierr
a Le
one
cont
inue
s to
con
stitu
te a
thr
eat
to p
eace
and
sec
urity
in th
is re
gion
,
Expr
essi
ng i
ts c
once
rn a
t th
e fr
agile
situ
atio
n in
the
Man
o R
iver
reg
ion,
the
subs
tant
ial i
ncre
ase
in r
efug
ees
and
the
hum
anita
rian
con
sequ
ence
s fo
r th
e ci
vilia
n,re
fuge
e an
d in
tern
ally
dis
plac
ed p
opul
atio
ns in
the
regi
on,
Emph
asiz
ing
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f fr
ee,
fair,
tra
nspa
rent
and
inc
lusi
ve e
lect
ions
,an
d w
elco
min
g th
e pr
ogre
ss m
ade
by t
he G
over
nmen
t of
Sie
rra
Leon
e an
d th
eN
atio
nal
Elec
tora
l C
omm
issi
on
of
Sier
ra
Leon
e in
pr
epar
ing
for
elec
tions
,pa
rtic
ular
ly w
ith v
oter
regi
stra
tion,
Reite
ratin
g th
e im
port
ance
of
th
e ef
fect
ive
exte
nsio
n of
St
ate
auth
ority
thro
ugho
ut
the
coun
try,
th
e re
inte
grat
ion
of
ex-c
omba
tant
s,
volu
ntar
y an
dun
hind
ered
ret
urn
of r
efug
ees
and
inte
rnal
ly d
ispl
aced
per
sons
, fu
ll re
spec
t fo
rhu
man
ri
ghts
an
d th
e ru
le
of
law
, an
d ef
fect
ive
actio
n on
im
puni
ty
and
acco
unta
bilit
y, p
ayin
g sp
ecia
l atte
ntio
n to
the
prot
ectio
n of
wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren,
and
stre
ssin
g co
ntin
ued
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
sup
port
for t
he fu
lfilm
ent o
f the
se o
bjec
tives
,
Wel
com
ing
the
Agr
eem
ent b
etw
een
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
and
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
fSi
erra
Leo
ne o
n th
e Es
tabl
ishm
ent
of a
Spe
cial
Cou
rt f
or S
ierr
a Le
one,
and
the
2S/R
ES/1
400
(200
2) reco
mm
enda
tions
of t
he P
lann
ing
Mis
sion
on
the
Esta
blis
hmen
t of
the
Spec
ial C
ourt
for
Sier
ra L
eone
(S/
2002
/246
) an
d th
e re
port
of
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f 14
Mar
ch20
02
(S/2
002/
267)
th
at
UN
AM
SIL
shou
ld
prov
ide
adm
inis
trat
ive
and
rela
ted
supp
ort t
o th
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt,
Emph
asiz
ing
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f th
e co
ntin
uing
sup
port
of
UN
AM
SIL
to t
heG
over
nmen
t of
Sie
rra
Leon
e in
the
con
solid
atio
n of
pea
ce a
nd s
tabi
lity
afte
r th
eel
ectio
ns,
Hav
ing
cons
ider
ed t
he r
epor
t of
the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al o
f 14
Mar
ch 2
002
(S/2
002/
267)
,
1.D
ecid
es th
at th
e m
anda
te o
f U
NA
MSI
L sh
all b
e ex
tend
ed f
or a
per
iod
ofsi
x m
onth
s fr
om 3
0 M
arch
200
2;
2.Ex
pres
ses
its a
ppre
ciat
ion
to t
hose
Mem
ber
Stat
es p
rovi
ding
tro
ops
and
supp
ort e
lem
ents
to U
NA
MSI
L an
d th
ose
who
hav
e m
ade
com
mitm
ents
to d
o so
;
3.W
elco
mes
the
mili
tary
con
cept
of
oper
atio
ns f
or U
NA
MSI
L fo
r 20
02ou
tline
d in
par
agra
ph 1
0 of
the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al’s
rep
ort
of 1
4 M
arch
200
2(S
/200
2/26
7),
and
requ
ests
the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al t
o in
form
the
Cou
ncil
at r
egul
arin
terv
als
on p
rogr
ess
mad
e by
UN
AM
SIL
in t
he i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
its
key
asp
ects
and
in th
e pl
anni
ng o
f its
sub
sequ
ent p
hase
s;
4.En
cour
ages
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
the
Rev
olut
iona
ryU
nite
d Fr
ont
(RU
F) t
o st
reng
then
the
ir e
ffor
ts t
owar
ds f
ull
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Cea
sefi
re A
gree
men
t sig
ned
in A
buja
on
10 N
ovem
ber
2000
(S/
2000
/109
1) b
etw
een
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
the
RU
F an
d re
affi
rmed
at
the
mee
ting
of t
heEc
onom
ic C
omm
unity
of
Wes
t A
fric
an S
tate
s (E
CO
WA
S),
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
, th
eG
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
the
RU
F at
Abu
ja o
n 2
May
200
1;
5.En
cour
ages
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Si
erra
Leo
ne a
nd t
he R
UF
to c
ontin
ue to
take
ste
ps t
owar
ds f
urth
erin
g of
dia
logu
e an
d na
tiona
l re
conc
iliat
ion,
and
, in
thi
sre
gard
, st
ress
es t
he i
mpo
rtan
ce o
f th
e re
inte
grat
ion
of t
he R
UF
into
Sie
rra
Leon
eso
ciet
y an
d th
e tr
ansf
orm
atio
n of
the
RU
F in
to a
pol
itica
l pa
rty,
and
dem
ands
the
imm
edia
te a
nd tr
ansp
aren
t dis
man
tling
of a
ll no
n-go
vern
men
t mili
tary
str
uctu
res;
6.W
elco
mes
the
for
mal
com
plet
ion
of t
he d
isar
mam
ent
proc
ess,
exp
ress
esco
ncer
n at
the
ser
ious
fin
anci
al s
hort
fall
in t
he m
ulti-
dono
r Tr
ust
Fund
for
the
disa
rmam
ent,
dem
obili
zatio
n an
d re
inte
grat
ion
prog
ram
me,
an
d ur
ges
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of
Sier
ra
Leon
e to
se
ek
activ
ely
the
urge
ntly
ne
eded
ad
ditio
nal
reso
urce
s fo
r rei
nteg
ratio
n;
7.Em
phas
izes
tha
t th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
the
adm
inis
trat
ive
capa
citie
s of
the
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Si
erra
Leo
ne i
s es
sent
ial t
o su
stai
nabl
e pe
ace
and
deve
lopm
ent,
and
to t
he h
oldi
ng o
f fr
ee a
nd f
air
elec
tions
, an
d th
eref
ore
urge
s th
e G
over
nmen
t of
Sier
ra L
eone
, with
the
ass
ista
nce
of U
NA
MSI
L, i
n ac
cord
ance
with
its
man
date
, to
acce
lera
te t
he r
esto
ratio
n of
civ
il au
thor
ity a
nd p
ublic
ser
vice
s th
roug
hout
the
coun
try,
in p
artic
ular
in th
e di
amon
d m
inin
g ar
eas,
incl
udin
g th
e de
ploy
men
t of
key
gove
rnm
ent
pers
onne
l and
pol
ice
and
the
depl
oym
ent
of t
he S
ierr
a Le
one
Arm
y on
bord
er s
ecur
ity t
asks
, an
d ca
lls o
n St
ates
, in
tern
atio
nal
orga
niza
tions
and
non
-go
vern
men
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
to a
ssis
t in
the
wid
e ra
nge
of re
cove
ry e
ffor
ts;
8.W
elco
mes
the
est
ablis
hmen
t of
the
ele
ctor
al c
ompo
nent
of
UN
AM
SIL
and
the
recr
uitm
ent
of
30
addi
tiona
l ci
vilia
n po
lice
advi
sers
to
su
ppor
t th
eG
over
nmen
t of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
the
Sier
ra L
eone
pol
ice
in p
repa
ring
for e
lect
ions
;
163
3
S/R
ES/1
400
(200
2)
9.W
elco
mes
the
sig
natu
re o
n 16
Jan
uary
200
2 of
the
Agr
eem
ent
betw
een
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of S
ierr
a Le
one
and
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
on
the
Esta
blis
hmen
t of
aSp
ecia
l C
ourt
for
Sie
rra
Leon
e, a
s en
visa
ged
by r
esol
utio
n 13
15 (
2000
) of
14
Aug
ust
2000
, urg
es d
onor
s ur
gent
ly t
o di
sbur
se t
heir
ple
dges
to
the
Trus
t Fu
nd f
orth
e Sp
ecia
l Cou
rt, l
ooks
for
war
d to
the
Cou
rt e
xped
itiou
sly
begi
nnin
g its
ope
ratio
nsan
d en
dors
es U
NA
MSI
L’s
prov
idin
g, w
ithou
t pre
judi
ce to
its
capa
bilit
ies
to p
erfo
rmits
spe
cifi
ed m
anda
te,
adm
inis
trat
ive
and
rela
ted
supp
ort
to t
he S
peci
al C
ourt
on
aco
st-r
eim
burs
able
bas
is;
10.
Wel
com
es p
rogr
ess
mad
e by
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of S
ierr
a Le
one,
tog
ethe
rw
ith t
he S
ecre
tary
-Gen
eral
, th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns H
igh
Com
mis
sion
er f
or H
uman
Rig
hts
and
othe
r re
leva
nt
inte
rnat
iona
l ac
tors
, in
es
tabl
ishi
ng
the
Trut
h an
dR
econ
cilia
tion
Com
mis
sion
, and
urg
es d
onor
s ur
gent
ly to
com
mit
fund
s to
it;
11.
Wel
com
es t
he s
umm
it m
eetin
g of
the
Man
o R
iver
Uni
on P
resi
dent
s he
ldin
Rab
at o
n 27
Feb
ruar
y 20
02,
urge
s th
e Pr
esid
ents
to
cont
inue
dia
logu
e an
d to
impl
emen
t th
eir
com
mitm
ents
to
bu
ildin
g re
gion
al
peac
e an
d se
curi
ty,
and
enco
urag
es t
he o
ngoi
ng e
ffor
ts o
f EC
OW
AS
tow
ards
a l
astin
g an
d fi
nal
settl
emen
tof
the
cris
is in
the
Man
o R
iver
Uni
on re
gion
;
12.
Expr
esse
s its
se
riou
s co
ncer
n at
th
e vi
olen
ce,
part
icul
arly
se
xual
viol
ence
, su
ffer
ed b
y w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n du
ring
the
con
flic
t in
Sie
rra
Leon
e, a
ndem
phas
izes
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f add
ress
ing
thes
e is
sues
eff
ectiv
ely;
13.
Expr
esse
s its
ser
ious
con
cern
at
the
evid
ence
UN
AM
SIL
has
foun
d of
hum
an r
ight
s ab
uses
and
bre
ache
s of
hum
anita
rian
law
set
out
in
para
grap
hs 3
8 to
40 o
f th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
’s r
epor
t of
14
Mar
ch 2
002
(S/2
002/
267)
, en
cour
ages
UN
AM
SIL
to c
ontin
ue it
s w
ork
and
in th
is c
onte
xt r
eque
sts
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al to
prov
ide
a fu
rthe
r as
sess
men
t in
his
Sep
tem
ber
repo
rt,
part
icul
arly
reg
ardi
ng t
hesi
tuat
ion
of w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n w
ho h
ave
suff
ered
dur
ing
the
conf
lict;
14.
Expr
esse
s its
ser
ious
con
cern
at
alle
gatio
ns t
hat
som
e U
nite
d N
atio
nspe
rson
nel m
ay h
ave
been
invo
lved
in s
exua
l abu
se o
f w
omen
and
chi
ldre
n in
cam
psfo
r re
fuge
es a
nd i
nter
nally
dis
plac
ed p
eopl
e in
the
reg
ion,
sup
port
s th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
’s p
olic
y of
zer
o to
lera
nce
for
such
abu
se,
look
s fo
rwar
d to
the
Sec
reta
ry-
Gen
eral
’s r
epor
t on
the
out
com
e of
the
inv
estig
atio
n in
to t
hese
alle
gatio
ns,
and
requ
ests
him
to m
ake
reco
mm
enda
tions
on
how
to p
reve
nt a
ny s
uch
crim
es in
fut
ure,
whi
le c
allin
g on
Sta
tes
conc
erne
d to
take
the
nec
essa
ry m
easu
res
to b
ring
to j
ustic
eth
eir o
wn
natio
nals
resp
onsi
ble
for s
uch
crim
es;
15.
Enco
urag
es t
he c
ontin
ued
supp
ort
of U
NA
MSI
L, w
ithin
its
cap
abili
ties
and
area
s of
dep
loym
ent,
for
retu
rnin
g re
fuge
es a
nd d
ispl
aced
per
sons
, and
urg
es a
llst
akeh
olde
rs t
o co
ntin
ue t
o co
oper
ate
to t
his
end
to f
ulfi
l th
eir
com
mitm
ents
und
erth
e A
buja
Cea
sefi
re A
gree
men
t;
16.
Wel
com
es th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
’s in
tent
ion
to k
eep
the
secu
rity
, pol
itica
l,hu
man
itari
an a
nd h
uman
rig
hts
situ
atio
n in
Sie
rra
Leon
e un
der
clos
e re
view
and
to
repo
rt to
the
Cou
ncil,
aft
er d
ue c
onsu
ltatio
ns w
ith tr
oop-
cont
ribu
ting
coun
trie
s, w
ithan
y ad
ditio
nal r
ecom
men
datio
ns, a
nd r
eque
sts
in p
artic
ular
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al to
subm
it be
fore
30
June
200
2 an
int
erim
rep
ort
asse
ssin
g th
e po
st-e
lect
oral
situ
atio
nan
d th
e pr
ospe
cts
for p
eace
con
solid
atio
n;
17.
Dec
ides
to re
mai
n ac
tivel
y se
ized
of t
he m
atte
r.
164
Law on the Establishment of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia for the Prosecution of Crimes Committed During the Period of Democratic Kampuchea
(with inclusion of amendments), as promulgated on 27 October 2004
Legislative Act of Cambodia NS/RKM/1004/006 (2004)
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
Law
on
the
Esta
blis
hmen
t of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs, w
ith in
clus
ion
of
amen
dmen
ts a
s pr
omul
gate
d on
27
Oct
ober
200
4 (N
S/R
KM
/100
4/00
6).
LAW
ON
TH
E ES
TABL
ISH
MEN
T O
F EX
TRA
OR
DIN
AR
Y C
HA
MBE
RS
IN T
HE
CO
UR
TS O
F C
AM
BOD
IA F
OR
TH
E PR
OSE
CU
TIO
N O
F C
RIM
ES C
OM
MIT
TED
D
UR
ING
TH
E PE
RIO
D O
F D
EMO
CR
ATI
C K
AM
PUC
HEA
CH
APT
ER I
GEN
ERA
L PR
OV
ISIO
NS
Art
icle
1:
The
purp
ose
of th
is la
w is
to b
ring
to tr
ial s
enio
r lea
ders
of D
emoc
ratic
Kam
puch
ea
and
thos
e w
ho w
ere
mos
t res
pons
ible
for t
he c
rim
es a
nd s
erio
us v
iola
tions
of
Cam
bodi
an p
enal
law
, int
erna
tiona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
cus
tom
, and
inte
rnat
iona
l co
nven
tions
reco
gniz
ed b
y C
ambo
dia,
that
wer
e co
mm
itted
dur
ing
the
peri
od fr
om 1
7 A
pril
1975
to 6
Janu
ary
1979
.
CH
APT
ER II
C
OM
PETE
NC
E A
rtic
le 2
new
Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs s
hall
be e
stab
lishe
d in
the
exis
ting
cour
t str
uctu
re, n
amel
y th
e tr
ial c
ourt
and
the
supr
eme
cour
t to
brin
g to
tria
l sen
ior l
eade
rs o
f Dem
ocra
tic
Kam
puch
ea a
nd th
ose
who
wer
e m
ost r
espo
nsib
le fo
r the
cri
mes
and
ser
ious
vi
olat
ions
of C
ambo
dian
law
s re
late
d to
cri
mes
, int
erna
tiona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
cu
stom
, and
inte
rnat
iona
l con
vent
ions
reco
gniz
ed b
y C
ambo
dia,
that
wer
e co
mm
itted
du
ring
the
peri
od fr
om 1
7 A
pril
1975
to 6
Janu
ary
1979
.
Seni
or le
ader
s of
Dem
ocra
tic K
ampu
chea
and
thos
e w
ho w
ere
mos
t res
pons
ible
for t
he
abov
e ac
ts a
re h
erei
nafte
r des
igna
ted
as “
Susp
ects
”.
Art
icle
3 n
ew
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts w
ho
com
mitt
ed a
ny o
f the
se c
rim
es s
et fo
rth
in th
e 19
56 P
enal
Cod
e, a
nd w
hich
wer
e co
mm
itted
dur
ing
the
peri
od fr
om 1
7 A
pril
1975
to 6
Janu
ary
1979
: �
Hom
icid
e (A
rtic
le 5
01, 5
03, 5
04, 5
05, 5
06, 5
07 a
nd 5
08)
�To
rtur
e (A
rtic
le 5
00)
�Re
ligio
us P
erse
cutio
n (A
rtic
les
209
and
210)
The
stat
ute
of li
mita
tions
set
fort
h in
the
1956
Pen
al C
ode
shal
l be
exte
nded
for a
n ad
ditio
nal 3
0 ye
ars
for t
he c
rim
es e
num
erat
ed a
bove
, whi
ch a
re w
ithin
the
juri
sdic
tion
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs.
The
pena
lty u
nder
Art
icle
s 20
9, 5
00, 5
06 a
nd 5
07 o
f the
195
6 Pe
nal C
ode
shal
l be
limite
d to
a m
axim
um o
f life
impr
ison
men
t, in
acc
orda
nce
with
Art
icle
32
of th
e C
onst
itutio
n of
the
Kin
gdom
of C
ambo
dia,
and
as
furt
her s
tipul
ated
in A
rtic
les
38 a
nd
39 o
f thi
s La
w.
Art
icle
4
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts w
ho
com
mitt
ed th
e cr
imes
of g
enoc
ide
as d
efin
ed in
the
Con
vent
ion
on th
e Pr
even
tion
and
Puni
shm
ent o
f the
Cri
me
of G
enoc
ide
of 1
948,
and
whi
ch w
ere
com
mitt
ed d
urin
g th
e pe
riod
from
17
Apr
il 19
75 to
6 Ja
nuar
y 19
79.
The
acts
of g
enoc
ide,
whi
ch h
ave
no s
tatu
te o
f lim
itatio
ns, m
ean
any
acts
com
mitt
ed
with
the
inte
nt to
des
troy
, in
who
le o
r in
part
, a n
atio
nal,
ethn
ical
, rac
ial o
r rel
igio
us
grou
p, s
uch
as:
�ki
lling
mem
bers
of t
he g
roup
; �
caus
ing
seri
ous
bodi
ly o
r men
tal h
arm
to m
embe
rs o
f the
gro
up;
�de
liber
atel
y in
flict
ing
on th
e gr
oup
cond
ition
s of
life
cal
cula
ted
to b
ring
abo
ut
its p
hysi
cal d
estr
uctio
n in
who
le o
r in
part
; �
impo
sing
mea
sure
s in
tend
ed to
pre
vent
bir
ths
with
in th
e gr
oup;
�
forc
ibly
tran
sfer
ring
chi
ldre
n fr
om o
ne g
roup
to a
noth
er g
roup
.
The
follo
win
g ac
ts s
hall
be p
unis
habl
e un
der t
his
Art
icle
: �
atte
mpt
s to
com
mit
acts
of g
enoc
ide;
�
cons
pira
cy to
com
mit
acts
of g
enoc
ide;
�
part
icip
atio
n in
act
s of
gen
ocid
e.
Art
icle
5
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts w
ho
com
mitt
ed c
rim
es a
gain
st h
uman
ity d
urin
g th
e pe
riod
17
Apr
il 19
75 to
6 Ja
nuar
y 19
79.
Cri
mes
aga
inst
hum
anity
, whi
ch h
ave
no s
tatu
te o
f lim
itatio
ns, a
re a
ny a
cts
com
mitt
ed
as p
art o
f a w
ides
prea
d or
sys
tem
atic
atta
ck d
irec
ted
agai
nst a
ny c
ivili
an p
opul
atio
n,
on n
atio
nal,
polit
ical
, eth
nica
l, ra
cial
or r
elig
ious
gro
unds
, suc
h as
:
�m
urde
r;
�ex
term
inat
ion;
�
ensl
avem
ent;
�
depo
rtat
ion;
�
impr
ison
men
t;
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
�to
rtur
e;
2
167
�ra
pe;
�pe
rsec
utio
ns o
n po
litic
al, r
acia
l, an
d re
ligio
us g
roun
ds;
�ot
her i
nhum
ane
acts
.
Art
icle
6
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts w
ho
com
mitt
ed o
r ord
ered
the
com
mis
sion
of g
rave
bre
ache
s of
the
Gen
eva
Con
vent
ions
of
12 A
ugus
t 194
9, su
ch a
s the
follo
win
g ac
ts a
gain
st p
erso
ns o
r pro
pert
y pr
otec
ted
unde
r pro
visi
ons
of th
ese
Con
vent
ions
, and
whi
ch w
ere
com
mitt
ed d
urin
g th
e pe
riod
17
Apr
il 19
75 to
6 Ja
nuar
y 19
79:
�w
ilful
kill
ing;
�
tort
ure
or in
hum
ane
trea
tmen
t;
�w
ilful
ly c
ausi
ng g
reat
suf
feri
ng o
r ser
ious
inju
ry to
bod
y or
hea
lth;
�de
stru
ctio
n an
d se
riou
s da
mag
e to
pro
pert
y, n
ot ju
stifi
ed b
y m
ilita
ry n
eces
sity
an
d ca
rrie
d ou
t unl
awfu
lly a
nd w
anto
nly;
�
com
pelli
ng a
pri
sone
r of w
ar o
r a c
ivili
an to
ser
ve in
the
forc
es o
f a h
ostil
e
pow
er;
�w
ilful
ly d
epri
ving
a p
riso
ner o
f war
or c
ivili
an th
e ri
ghts
of f
air a
nd re
gula
r tr
ial;
�
unla
wfu
l dep
orta
tion
or tr
ansf
er o
r unl
awfu
l con
finem
ent o
f a c
ivili
an;
�ta
king
civ
ilian
s as
hos
tage
s.
Art
icle
7
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts m
ost
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he d
estr
uctio
n of
cul
tura
l pro
pert
y du
ring
arm
ed c
onfli
ct p
ursu
ant t
o th
e 19
54 H
ague
Con
vent
ion
for P
rote
ctio
n of
Cul
tura
l Pro
pert
y in
the
Even
t of A
rmed
C
onfli
ct, a
nd w
hich
wer
e co
mm
itted
dur
ing
the
peri
od fr
om 1
7 A
pril
1975
to 6
Janu
ary
1979
.
Art
icle
8
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to b
ring
to tr
ial a
ll Su
spec
ts m
ost
resp
onsi
ble
for c
rim
es a
gain
st in
tern
atio
nally
pro
tect
ed p
erso
ns p
ursu
ant t
o th
e V
ienn
a C
onve
ntio
n of
196
1 on
Dip
lom
atic
Rel
atio
ns, a
nd w
hich
wer
e co
mm
itted
du
ring
the
peri
od fr
om 1
7 A
pril
1975
to 6
Janu
ary
1979
.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
3
CH
APT
ER II
I C
OM
POSI
TIO
N O
F TH
E EX
TRA
OR
DIN
AR
Y C
HA
MBE
RS
Art
icle
9 n
ew
The
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r sha
ll be
an
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
ber c
ompo
sed
of fi
ve p
rofe
ssio
nal
judg
es, o
f who
m th
ree
are
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
with
one
as
pres
iden
t, an
d tw
o fo
reig
n ju
dges
; and
bef
ore
whi
ch th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s sh
all p
rese
nt th
eir c
ases
. The
pre
side
nt
shal
l app
oint
one
or m
ore
cler
ks o
f the
cou
rt to
par
ticip
ate.
The
Supr
eme
Cou
rt C
ham
ber,
whi
ch sh
all s
erve
as b
oth
appe
llate
cha
mbe
r and
fina
l in
stan
ce, s
hall
be a
n Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r com
pose
d of
sev
en ju
dges
, of w
hom
four
ar
e C
ambo
dian
judg
es w
ith o
ne a
s pr
esid
ent,
and
thre
e fo
reig
n ju
dges
; and
bef
ore
whi
ch th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s sh
all p
rese
nt th
eir c
ases
. The
pre
side
nt s
hall
appo
int o
ne o
r m
ore
cler
ks o
f the
cou
rt to
par
ticip
ate.
CH
APT
ER IV
A
PPO
INTM
ENT
OF
JUD
GES
Art
icle
10
new
Th
e ju
dges
of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs s
hall
be a
ppoi
nted
from
am
ong
the
curr
ently
pra
ctis
ing
judg
es o
r are
add
ition
ally
app
oint
ed in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
exis
ting
proc
edur
es fo
r app
oint
men
t of j
udge
s; a
ll of
who
m s
hall
have
hig
h m
oral
ch
arac
ter,
a sp
irit
of im
part
ialit
y an
d in
tegr
ity, a
nd e
xper
ienc
e, p
artic
ular
ly in
cri
min
al
law
or i
nter
natio
nal l
aw, i
nclu
ding
inte
rnat
iona
l hum
anita
rian
law
and
hum
an ri
ghts
la
w.
Judg
es s
hall
be in
depe
nden
t in
the
perf
orm
ance
of t
heir
func
tions
, and
sha
ll no
t acc
ept
or s
eek
any
inst
ruct
ions
from
any
gov
ernm
ent o
r any
oth
er s
ourc
e.
Art
icle
11
new
Th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
shal
l app
oint
at l
east
sev
en C
ambo
dian
judg
es
to a
ct a
s ju
dges
of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs, a
nd s
hall
appo
int r
eser
ve ju
dges
as
need
ed, a
nd s
hall
also
app
oint
the
Pres
iden
t of e
ach
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs
from
the
abov
e C
ambo
dian
judg
es s
o ap
poin
ted,
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e ex
istin
g pr
oced
ures
for a
ppoi
ntm
ent o
f jud
ges.
The
rese
rve
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
sha
ll re
plac
e th
e ap
poin
ted
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
in c
ase
of th
eir a
bsen
ce. T
hese
rese
rve
judg
es m
ay c
ontin
ue to
per
form
thei
r reg
ular
dut
ies
in
thei
r res
pect
ive
cour
ts.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
4
168
The
Supr
eme
Cou
ncil
of th
e M
agis
trac
y sh
all a
ppoi
nt a
t lea
st fi
ve in
divi
dual
s of
fo
reig
n na
tiona
lity
to a
ct a
s fo
reig
n ju
dges
of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs u
pon
nom
inat
ion
by th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns.
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
sha
ll su
bmit
a lis
t of n
ot le
ss th
an s
even
ca
ndid
ates
for f
orei
gn ju
dges
to th
e Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia,
from
whi
ch th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
shal
l app
oint
five
sitt
ing
judg
es a
nd a
t lea
st tw
o re
serv
e ju
dges
. In
addi
tion
to th
e fo
reig
n ju
dges
sitt
ing
in th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs
and
pres
ent a
t eve
ry s
tage
of t
he p
roce
edin
gs, t
he P
resi
dent
of e
ach
Cha
mbe
r may
, on
a ca
se-b
y-ca
se b
asis
, des
igna
te o
ne o
r mor
e re
serv
e fo
reig
n ju
dges
alr
eady
app
oint
ed
by th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
to b
e pr
esen
t at e
ach
stag
e of
the
tria
l, an
d to
repl
ace
a fo
reig
n ju
dge
if th
at ju
dge
is u
nabl
e to
con
tinue
sitt
ing.
Art
icle
12
A
ll ju
dges
und
er th
is la
w sh
all e
njoy
equ
al s
tatu
s and
con
ditio
ns o
f ser
vice
acc
ordi
ng
to e
ach
leve
l of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs.
Each
judg
e un
der t
his
law
sha
ll be
app
oint
ed fo
r the
per
iod
of th
ese
proc
eedi
ngs.
Art
icle
13
Ju
dges
sha
ll be
ass
iste
d by
Cam
bodi
an a
nd in
tern
atio
nal s
taff
as n
eede
d in
thei
r of
fices
.
In c
hoos
ing
staf
f to
serv
e as
ass
ista
nts
and
law
cle
rks,
the
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of
Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l int
ervi
ew if
nec
essa
ry a
nd, w
ith th
e ap
prov
al o
f the
Cam
bodi
an
judg
es b
y m
ajor
ity v
ote,
hir
e st
aff w
ho s
hall
be a
ppoi
nted
by
the
Roya
l Gov
ernm
ent o
f C
ambo
dia.
The
Dep
uty
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
recr
uitm
ent a
nd a
dmin
istr
atio
n of
all
inte
rnat
iona
l sta
ff. T
he n
umbe
r of
assi
stan
ts a
nd la
w c
lerk
s sh
all b
e ch
osen
in p
ropo
rtio
n to
the
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
and
fo
reig
n ju
dges
.
Cam
bodi
an s
taff
shal
l be
sele
cted
from
Cam
bodi
an c
ivil
serv
ants
or o
ther
qua
lifie
d na
tiona
ls o
f Cam
bodi
a, if
nec
essa
ry. C
HA
PTER
V
DEC
ISIO
NS
OF
THE
EXTR
AO
RD
INA
RY
CH
AM
BER
S
Art
icle
14
new
1.
The
judg
es s
hall
atte
mpt
to a
chie
ve u
nani
mity
in th
eir d
ecis
ions
. If t
his
is n
otpo
ssib
le, t
he fo
llow
ing
shal
l app
ly:
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
5
a.a
deci
sion
by
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
ber o
f the
tria
l cou
rt s
hall
requ
ire
the
affir
mat
ive
vote
of a
t lea
st fo
ur ju
dges
;b.
a de
cisi
on b
y th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he S
upre
me
Cou
rt s
hall
requ
ire
the
affir
mat
ive
vote
of a
t lea
st fi
ve ju
dges
.
2.W
hen
ther
e is
no
unan
imity
, the
dec
isio
n of
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
llco
ntai
n th
e op
inio
ns o
f the
maj
ority
and
the
min
ority
.
Art
icle
15
Th
e Pr
esid
ents
sha
ll co
nven
e th
e ap
poin
ted
judg
es a
t the
app
ropr
iate
tim
e to
pro
ceed
w
ith th
e w
ork
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs.
CH
APT
ER V
I C
O-P
ROSE
CU
TORS
Art
icle
16
A
ll in
dict
men
ts in
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll be
the
resp
onsi
bilit
y of
two
pros
ecut
ors,
one
Cam
bodi
an a
nd a
noth
er fo
reig
n, h
erei
nafte
r ref
erre
d to
as
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors,
who
sha
ll w
ork
toge
ther
to p
repa
re in
dict
men
ts a
gain
st th
e Su
spec
ts in
th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs.
Art
icle
17
new
Th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s in
the
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r sha
ll ha
ve th
e ri
ght t
o ap
peal
the
verd
ict o
f th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he tr
ial c
ourt
.
Art
icle
18
new
Th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
shal
l app
oint
Cam
bodi
an p
rose
cuto
rs a
nd
Cam
bodi
an re
serv
e pr
osec
utor
s as
nec
essa
ry fr
om a
mon
g th
e C
ambo
dian
pro
fess
iona
l ju
dges
.
The
rese
rve
pros
ecut
ors
shal
l rep
lace
the
appo
inte
d pr
osec
utor
s in
cas
e of
thei
r ab
senc
e. T
hese
rese
rve
pros
ecut
ors
may
con
tinue
to p
erfo
rm th
eir r
egul
ar d
utie
s in
th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e co
urts
.
One
fore
ign
pros
ecut
or w
ith th
e co
mpe
tenc
e to
app
ear i
n bo
th E
xtra
ordi
nary
C
ham
bers
sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
upon
no
min
atio
n by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
6
169
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
sha
ll su
bmit
a lis
t of a
t lea
st tw
o ca
ndid
ates
for f
orei
gn C
o-Pr
osec
utor
to th
e R
oyal
Gov
ernm
ent o
f Cam
bodi
a, fr
om
whi
ch th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
shal
l app
oint
one
pro
secu
tor a
nd o
ne
rese
rve
pros
ecut
or.
Art
icle
19
Th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s sh
all b
e ap
poin
ted
from
am
ong
thos
e in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re
appo
inte
d in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
exis
ting
proc
edur
es fo
r sel
ectio
n of
pro
secu
tors
who
ha
ve h
igh
mor
al c
hara
cter
and
inte
grity
and
who
are
exp
erie
nced
in th
e co
nduc
t of
inve
stig
atio
ns a
nd p
rose
cutio
ns o
f cri
min
al c
ases
.
The
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
shal
l be
inde
pend
ent i
n th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
ir fu
nctio
ns a
nd
shal
l not
acc
ept o
r see
k in
stru
ctio
ns fr
om a
ny g
over
nmen
t or a
ny o
ther
sou
rce.
Art
icle
20
new
Th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s sh
all p
rose
cute
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith e
xist
ing
proc
edur
es in
forc
e. If
th
ese
exis
ting
proc
edur
es d
o no
t dea
l with
a p
artic
ular
mat
ter,
or if
ther
e is
unc
erta
inty
re
gard
ing
thei
r int
erpr
etat
ion
or a
pplic
atio
n or
if th
ere
is a
que
stio
n re
gard
ing
thei
r co
nsis
tenc
y w
ith in
tern
atio
nal s
tand
ards
, the
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
may
see
k gu
idan
ce in
pr
oced
ural
rule
s es
tabl
ishe
d at
the
inte
rnat
iona
l lev
el.
In th
e ev
ent o
f dis
agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s th
e fo
llow
ing
shal
l app
ly:
The
pros
ecut
ion
shal
l pro
ceed
unl
ess
the
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
or o
ne o
f the
m re
ques
ts
with
in th
irty
day
s th
at th
e di
ffere
nce
shal
l be
settl
ed in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
follo
win
g pr
ovis
ions
;
The
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
shal
l sub
mit
wri
tten
stat
emen
ts o
f fac
ts a
nd th
e re
ason
s fo
r the
ir
diffe
rent
pos
ition
s to
the
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n.
The
diffe
renc
e sh
all b
e se
ttled
fort
hwith
by
a Pr
e-Tr
ial C
ham
ber o
f fiv
e ju
dges
, thr
ee
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy,
one
of w
hom
sh
all b
e Pr
esid
ent,
and
two
fore
ign
judg
es a
ppoi
nted
by
the
Supr
eme
Cou
ncil
of th
e M
agis
trac
y up
on n
omin
atio
n by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. The
ap
poin
tmen
t of t
he a
bove
judg
es s
hall
follo
w th
e pr
ovis
ions
of A
rtic
le 1
0 of
this
Law
.
Upo
n re
ceip
t of t
he s
tate
men
ts re
ferr
ed to
in th
e th
ird
para
grap
h, th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all i
mm
edia
tely
con
vene
the
Pre-
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r and
co
mm
unic
ate
the
stat
emen
ts to
its
mem
bers
.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
7
A d
ecis
ion
of th
e Pr
e-Tr
ial C
ham
ber,
agai
nst w
hich
ther
e is
no
appe
al, r
equi
res
the
affir
mat
ive
vote
of a
t lea
st fo
ur ju
dges
. The
dec
isio
n sh
all b
e co
mm
unic
ated
to th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion,
who
sha
ll pu
blis
h it
and
com
mun
icat
e it
to
the
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors.
The
y sh
all i
mm
edia
tely
pro
ceed
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e de
cisi
on
of th
e C
ham
ber.
If th
ere
is n
o m
ajor
ity a
s re
quir
ed fo
r a d
ecis
ion,
the
pros
ecut
ion
shal
l pr
ocee
d.
In c
arry
ing
out t
he p
rose
cutio
n, th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s m
ay s
eek
the
assi
stan
ce o
f the
Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia
if su
ch a
ssis
tanc
e w
ould
be
usef
ul to
the
pros
ecut
ion,
an
d su
ch a
ssis
tanc
e sh
all b
e pr
ovid
ed.
Art
icle
21
new
Th
e C
o-Pr
osec
utor
s un
der t
his
law
sha
ll en
joy
equa
l sta
tus
and
cond
ition
s of
ser
vice
ac
cord
ing
to e
ach
leve
l of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs.
Each
Co-
Pros
ecut
or s
hall
be a
ppoi
nted
for t
he p
erio
d of
thes
e pr
ocee
ding
s.
In th
e ev
ent o
f the
abs
ence
of t
he fo
reig
n C
o-Pr
osec
utor
, he
or s
he s
hall
be re
plac
ed b
y th
e re
serv
e fo
reig
n C
o-Pr
osec
utor
.
Art
icle
22
new
Ea
ch C
o-Pr
osec
utor
sha
ll ha
ve th
e ri
ght t
o ch
oose
one
or m
ore
depu
ty p
rose
cuto
rs to
as
sist
him
or h
er w
ith p
rose
cutio
n be
fore
the
cham
bers
. Dep
uty
fore
ign
pros
ecut
ors
shal
l be
appo
inte
d by
the
fore
ign
Co-
Pros
ecut
or fr
om a
list
pro
vide
d by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al.
The
Co-
pros
ecut
ors
shal
l be
assi
sted
by
Cam
bodi
an a
nd in
tern
atio
nal s
taff
as n
eede
d in
thei
r offi
ces.
In c
hoos
ing
staf
f to
serv
e as
ass
ista
nts,
the
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of
Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l int
ervi
ew, i
f nec
essa
ry, a
nd w
ith th
e ap
prov
al o
f the
Cam
bodi
an
Co-
Pros
ecut
or, h
ire
staf
f who
sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of
Cam
bodi
a. T
he D
eput
y D
irec
tor o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l be
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he re
crui
tmen
t and
adm
inis
trat
ion
of a
ll fo
reig
n st
aff.
The
num
ber o
f ass
ista
nts
shal
l be
chos
en in
pro
port
ion
to th
e C
ambo
dian
pro
secu
tors
and
fore
ign
pros
ecut
ors.
Cam
bodi
an s
taff
shal
l be
sele
cted
from
Cam
bodi
an c
ivil
serv
ants
and
, if n
eces
sary
, ot
her q
ualif
ied
natio
nals
of C
ambo
dia.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
8
170
CH
APT
ER V
II
INV
ESTI
GA
TIO
NS
Art
icle
23
new
A
ll in
vest
igat
ions
sha
ll be
the
join
t res
pons
ibili
ty o
f tw
o in
vest
igat
ing
judg
es, o
ne
Cam
bodi
an a
nd a
noth
er fo
reig
n, h
erei
nafte
r ref
erre
d to
as
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
, an
d sh
all f
ollo
w e
xist
ing
proc
edur
es in
forc
e. If
thes
e ex
istin
g pr
oced
ures
do
not d
eal
with
a p
artic
ular
mat
ter,
or if
ther
e is
unc
erta
inty
rega
rdin
g th
eir i
nter
pret
atio
n or
ap
plic
atio
n or
if th
ere
is a
que
stio
n re
gard
ing
thei
r con
sist
ency
with
inte
rnat
iona
l st
anda
rds,
the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
may
seek
gui
danc
e in
pro
cedu
ral r
ules
es
tabl
ishe
d at
the
inte
rnat
iona
l lev
el.
In th
e ev
ent o
f dis
agre
emen
t bet
wee
n th
e C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es th
e fo
llow
ing
shal
l ap
ply:
The
inve
stig
atio
n sh
all p
roce
ed u
nles
s th
e C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es o
r one
of t
hem
re
ques
ts w
ithin
thir
ty d
ays
that
the
diffe
renc
e sh
all b
e se
ttled
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e fo
llow
ing
prov
isio
ns.
The
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll su
bmit
wri
tten
stat
emen
ts o
f fac
ts a
nd th
e re
ason
s fo
r the
ir d
iffer
ent p
ositi
ons
to th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion.
Th
e di
ffere
nce
shal
l be
settl
ed fo
rthw
ith b
y th
e Pr
e-Tr
ial C
ham
ber r
efer
red
to in
A
rtic
le 2
0.
Upo
n re
ceip
t of t
he s
tate
men
ts re
ferr
ed to
in th
e th
ird
para
grap
h, th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all i
mm
edia
tely
con
vene
the
Pre-
Tria
l Cha
mbe
r and
co
mm
unic
ate
the
stat
emen
ts to
its
mem
bers
.
A d
ecis
ion
of th
e Pr
e-Tr
ial C
ham
ber,
agai
nst w
hich
ther
e is
no
appe
al, r
equi
res
the
affir
mat
ive
vote
of a
t lea
st fo
ur ju
dges
. The
dec
isio
n sh
all b
e co
mm
unic
ated
to th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion,
who
sha
ll pu
blis
h it
and
com
mun
icat
e it
to
the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
. The
y sh
all i
mm
edia
tely
pro
ceed
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e de
cisi
on o
f the
Pre
-Tri
al C
ham
ber.
If th
ere
is n
o m
ajor
ity a
s re
quir
ed fo
r a d
ecis
ion,
the
inve
stig
atio
n sh
all p
roce
ed.
The
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll co
nduc
t inv
estig
atio
ns o
n th
e ba
sis
of in
form
atio
n ob
tain
ed fr
om a
ny in
stitu
tion,
incl
udin
g th
e G
over
nmen
t, U
nite
d N
atio
ns o
rgan
s, or
no
n-go
vern
men
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
.
The
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll ha
ve th
e po
wer
to q
uest
ion
susp
ects
and
vic
tims,
to
hear
witn
esse
s, a
nd to
col
lect
evi
denc
e, in
acc
orda
nce
with
exi
stin
g pr
oced
ures
in
forc
e. In
the
even
t the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
con
side
r it n
eces
sary
to d
o so
, the
y m
ay
issu
e an
ord
er re
ques
ting
the
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
also
to in
terr
ogat
e th
e w
itnes
ses.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
9
In c
arry
ing
out t
he in
vest
igat
ions
, the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
may
see
k th
e as
sist
ance
of
the
Roya
l Gov
ernm
ent o
f Cam
bodi
a, if
suc
h as
sist
ance
wou
ld b
e us
eful
to th
e in
vest
igat
ion,
and
suc
h as
sist
ance
sha
ll be
pro
vide
d.
Art
icle
24
new
D
urin
g th
e in
vest
igat
ion,
Sus
pect
s sh
all b
e un
cond
ition
ally
ent
itled
to a
ssis
tanc
e of
co
unse
l of t
heir
ow
n ch
oosi
ng, a
nd to
hav
e le
gal a
ssis
tanc
e as
sign
ed to
them
free
of
char
ge if
they
can
not a
fford
it, a
s w
ell a
s th
e ri
ght t
o in
terp
reta
tion,
as
nece
ssar
y, in
to
and
from
a la
ngua
ge th
ey s
peak
and
und
erst
and.
Art
icle
25
Th
e C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es s
hall
be a
ppoi
nted
from
am
ong
the
curr
ently
pra
ctis
ing
judg
es o
r are
add
ition
ally
app
oint
ed in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
exis
ting
proc
edur
es fo
r ap
poin
tmen
t of j
udge
s; a
ll of
who
m s
hall
have
hig
h m
oral
cha
ract
er, a
spi
rit o
f im
part
ialit
y an
d in
tegr
ity, a
nd e
xper
ienc
e. T
hey
shal
l be
inde
pend
ent i
n th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f the
ir fu
nctio
ns a
nd s
hall
not a
ccep
t or s
eek
inst
ruct
ions
from
any
go
vern
men
t or a
ny o
ther
sour
ce.
Art
icle
26
Th
e C
ambo
dian
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge
and
the
rese
rve
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll be
ap
poin
ted
by th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
from
am
ong
the
Cam
bodi
an
prof
essi
onal
judg
es.
The
rese
rve
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll re
plac
e th
e ap
poin
ted
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
in
case
of t
heir
abs
ence
. The
se In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es m
ay c
ontin
ue to
per
form
thei
r re
gula
r dut
ies
in th
eir r
espe
ctiv
e co
urts
.
The
Supr
eme
Cou
ncil
of th
e M
agis
trac
y sh
all a
ppoi
nt th
e fo
reig
n C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
e fo
r the
per
iod
of th
e in
vest
igat
ion,
upo
n no
min
atio
n by
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns.
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
sha
ll su
bmit
a lis
t of a
t lea
st tw
o ca
ndid
ates
for f
orei
gn C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
e to
the
Roya
l Gov
ernm
ent o
f Cam
bodi
a,
from
whi
ch th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
shal
l app
oint
one
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge
and
one
rese
rve
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
10
171
Art
icle
27
new
A
ll In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es u
nder
this
law
sha
ll en
joy
equa
l sta
tus
and
cond
ition
s of
se
rvic
e.
Each
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge
shal
l be
appo
inte
d fo
r the
per
iod
of th
e in
vest
igat
ion.
In th
e ev
ent o
f the
abs
ence
of t
he fo
reig
n C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
e, h
e or
she
sha
ll be
re
plac
ed b
y th
e re
serv
e fo
reig
n C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
e.
Art
icle
28
Th
e C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es s
hall
be a
ssis
ted
by C
ambo
dian
and
inte
rnat
iona
l sta
ff as
ne
eded
in th
eir o
ffice
s.
In c
hoos
ing
staf
f to
serv
e as
ass
ista
nts,
the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
sha
ll co
mpl
y w
ith
the
spir
it of
the
prov
isio
ns s
et fo
rth
in A
rtic
le 1
3 of
this
law
.
CH
APT
ER V
III
IND
IVID
UA
L R
ESPO
NSI
BILI
TY
Art
icle
29
A
ny S
uspe
ct w
ho p
lann
ed, i
nstig
ated
, ord
ered
, aid
ed a
nd a
bette
d, o
r com
mitt
ed th
e cr
imes
refe
rred
to in
art
icle
3 n
ew, 4
, 5, 6
, 7 a
nd 8
of t
his
law
sha
ll be
indi
vidu
ally
re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
cri
me.
The
posi
tion
or ra
nk o
f any
Sus
pect
sha
ll no
t rel
ieve
suc
h pe
rson
of c
rim
inal
re
spon
sibi
lity
or m
itiga
te p
unis
hmen
t.
The
fact
that
any
of t
he a
cts
refe
rred
to in
Art
icle
s 3
new
, 4, 5
, 6, 7
and
8 o
f thi
s la
w
wer
e co
mm
itted
by
a su
bord
inat
e do
es n
ot re
lieve
the
supe
rior
of p
erso
nal c
rim
inal
re
spon
sibi
lity
if th
e su
peri
or h
ad e
ffect
ive
com
man
d an
d co
ntro
l or a
utho
rity
and
co
ntro
l ove
r the
sub
ordi
nate
, and
the
supe
rior
kne
w o
r had
reas
on to
kno
w th
at th
e su
bord
inat
e w
as a
bout
to c
omm
it su
ch a
cts
or h
ad d
one
so a
nd th
e su
peri
or fa
iled
to
take
the
nece
ssar
y an
d re
ason
able
mea
sure
s to
pre
vent
suc
h ac
ts o
r to
puni
sh th
e pe
rpet
rato
rs.
The
fact
that
a S
uspe
ct a
cted
pur
suan
t to
an o
rder
of t
he G
over
nmen
t of D
emoc
ratic
K
ampu
chea
or o
f a s
uper
ior s
hall
not r
elie
ve th
e Su
spec
t of i
ndiv
idua
l cri
min
al
resp
onsi
bilit
y.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
11
CH
APT
ER IX
O
FFIC
E O
F A
DM
INIS
TRA
TIO
N
Art
icle
30
Th
e st
aff o
f the
judg
es, t
he in
vest
igat
ing
judg
es a
nd p
rose
cuto
rs o
f the
Ext
raor
dina
ry
Cha
mbe
rs sh
all b
e su
perv
ised
by
an O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n.
This
Offi
ce s
hall
have
a C
ambo
dian
Dir
ecto
r, a
fore
ign
Dep
uty
Dir
ecto
r and
suc
h ot
her
staf
f as
nece
ssar
y.
Art
icle
31
new
Th
e D
irec
tor o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l be
appo
inte
d by
the
Roya
l G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia
for a
two-
year
term
and
sha
ll be
elig
ible
for r
eapp
oint
men
t.
The
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
ove
rall
man
agem
ent o
f the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion,
exc
ept i
n m
atte
rs th
at a
re s
ubje
ct to
U
nite
d N
atio
ns ru
les
and
proc
edur
es.
The
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all b
e ap
poin
ted
from
am
ong
thos
e w
ith s
igni
fican
t exp
erie
nce
in c
ourt
adm
inis
trat
ion
and
fluen
cy in
one
of t
he fo
reig
n la
ngua
ges
used
in th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs, a
nd s
hall
be a
per
son
of h
igh
mor
al
char
acte
r and
inte
grity
.
The
fore
ign
Dep
uty
Dir
ecto
r sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns a
nd a
ssig
ned
by th
e Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia,
and
sha
ll be
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he re
crui
tmen
t and
adm
inis
trat
ion
of a
ll in
tern
atio
nal s
taff,
as
requ
ired
by
the
fore
ign
com
pone
nts
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs, t
he C
o-In
vest
igat
ing
Judg
es, t
he
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors’
Offi
ce, a
nd th
e O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n. T
he D
eput
y D
irec
tor s
hall
adm
inis
ter t
he re
sour
ces
prov
ided
thro
ugh
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Tru
st F
und.
The
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l be
assi
sted
by
Cam
bodi
an a
nd in
tern
atio
nal s
taff
as
nece
ssar
y. A
ll C
ambo
dian
sta
ff of
the
Offi
ce o
f Adm
inis
trat
ion
shal
l be
appo
inte
d by
th
e Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia
at th
e re
ques
t of t
he D
irec
tor.
Fore
ign
staf
f sha
ll be
app
oint
ed b
y th
e D
eput
y D
irec
tor.
Cam
bodi
an s
taff
shal
l be
sele
cted
from
Cam
bodi
an c
ivil
serv
ants
and
, if n
eces
sary
, ot
her q
ualif
ied
natio
nals
of C
ambo
dia.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
12
172
Art
icle
32
A
ll st
aff a
ssig
ned
to th
e ju
dges
, Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dges
, Co-
Pros
ecut
ors,
and
Offi
ce o
f A
dmin
istr
atio
n sh
all e
njoy
the
sam
e w
orki
ng c
ondi
tions
acc
ordi
ng to
eac
h le
vel o
f the
Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs.
CH
APT
ER X
TR
IAL
PRO
CEE
DIN
GS
OF
THE
EXTR
AO
RD
INA
RY
CH
AM
BER
S
Art
icle
33
new
Th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs o
f the
tria
l cou
rt s
hall
ensu
re th
at tr
ials
are
fair
and
ex
pedi
tious
and
are
con
duct
ed in
acc
orda
nce
with
exi
stin
g pr
oced
ures
in fo
rce,
with
fu
ll re
spec
t for
the
righ
ts o
f the
acc
used
and
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
vic
tims
and
witn
esse
s. If
thes
e ex
istin
g pr
oced
ure
do n
ot d
eal w
ith a
par
ticul
ar m
atte
r, or
if th
ere
is
unce
rtai
nty
rega
rdin
g th
eir i
nter
pret
atio
n or
app
licat
ion
or if
ther
e is
a q
uest
ion
rega
rdin
g th
eir c
onsi
sten
cy w
ith in
tern
atio
nal s
tand
ard,
gui
danc
e m
ay b
e so
ught
in
proc
edur
al ru
les
esta
blis
hed
at th
e in
tern
atio
nal l
evel
.
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
of t
he tr
ial c
ourt
sha
ll ex
erci
se th
eir j
uris
dict
ion
in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith in
tern
atio
nal s
tand
ards
of j
ustic
e, fa
irne
ss a
nd d
ue p
roce
ss o
f law
, as
set o
ut in
Art
icle
s 14
and
15
of th
e 19
66 In
tern
atio
nal C
oven
ant o
n C
ivil
and
Polit
ical
Ri
ghts
.
Susp
ects
who
hav
e be
en in
dict
ed a
nd a
rres
ted
shal
l be
brou
ght t
o th
e Tr
ial C
ham
ber
acco
rdin
g to
exi
stin
g pr
oced
ures
in fo
rce.
The
Roy
al G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia
shal
l gu
aran
tee
the
secu
rity
of t
he S
uspe
cts
who
app
ear b
efor
e th
e co
urt,
and
is re
spon
sibl
e fo
r tak
ing
mea
sure
s fo
r the
arr
est o
f the
Sus
pect
s pr
osec
uted
und
er th
is la
w. J
ustic
e po
lice
shal
l be
assi
sted
by
othe
r law
enf
orce
men
t ele
men
ts o
f the
Roy
al G
over
nmen
t of
Cam
bodi
a, in
clud
ing
the
arm
ed fo
rces
, in
orde
r to
ensu
re th
at a
ccus
ed p
erso
ns a
re
brou
ght i
nto
cust
ody
imm
edia
tely
.
Con
ditio
ns fo
r the
arr
est a
nd th
e cu
stod
y of
the
accu
sed
shal
l con
form
to e
xist
ing
law
in
forc
e.
The
Cou
rt s
hall
prov
ide
for t
he p
rote
ctio
n of
vic
tims
and
witn
esse
s. S
uch
prot
ectio
n m
easu
res
shal
l inc
lude
, but
not
be
limite
d to
, the
con
duct
of i
n ca
mer
a pr
ocee
ding
s an
d th
e pr
otec
tion
of th
e vi
ctim
’s id
entit
y.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
13
Art
icle
34
new
Tr
ials
sha
ll be
pub
lic a
nd o
pen
to re
pres
enta
tives
of f
orei
gn S
tate
s, o
f the
Sec
reta
ry-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns, o
f the
med
ia a
nd o
f nat
iona
l and
inte
rnat
iona
l non
-go
vern
men
t org
aniz
atio
ns u
nles
s in
exc
eptio
nal c
ircu
mst
ance
s th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs d
ecid
e to
clo
se th
e pr
ocee
ding
s fo
r goo
d ca
use
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith e
xist
ing
proc
edur
es in
forc
e w
here
pub
licity
wou
ld p
reju
dice
the
inte
rest
s of
just
ice.
Art
icle
35
new
Th
e ac
cuse
d sh
all b
e pr
esum
ed in
noce
nt a
s lo
ng a
s th
e co
urt h
as n
ot g
iven
its
defin
itive
judg
men
t.
In d
eter
min
ing
char
ges
agai
nst t
he a
ccus
ed, t
he a
ccus
ed s
hall
be e
qual
ly e
ntitl
ed to
the
follo
win
g m
inim
um g
uara
ntee
s, in
acc
orda
nce
with
Art
icle
14
of th
e In
tern
atio
nal
Cov
enan
t on
Civ
il an
d Po
litic
al R
ight
s.
a.to
be
info
rmed
pro
mpt
ly a
nd in
det
ail i
n a
lang
uage
that
they
und
erst
and
of th
ena
ture
and
cau
se o
f the
cha
rge
agai
nst t
hem
;b.
to h
ave
adeq
uate
tim
e an
d fa
cilit
ies
for t
he p
repa
ratio
n of
thei
r def
ence
and
toco
mm
unic
ate
with
cou
nsel
of t
heir
ow
n ch
oosi
ng;
c.to
be
trie
d w
ithou
t del
ay;
d.to
be
trie
d in
thei
r ow
n pr
esen
ce a
nd to
def
end
them
selv
es in
per
son
or w
ithth
e as
sist
ance
of c
ouns
el o
f the
ir o
wn
choo
sing
, to
be in
form
ed o
f thi
s ri
ght a
ndto
hav
e le
gal a
ssis
tanc
e as
sign
ed to
them
free
of c
harg
e if
they
do
not h
ave
suffi
cien
t mea
ns to
pay
for i
t ;e.
to e
xam
ine
evid
ence
aga
inst
them
and
obt
ain
the
pres
enta
tion
and
exam
inat
ion
of e
vide
nce
on th
eir b
ehal
f und
er th
e sa
me
cond
ition
s as
evi
denc
e ag
ains
t the
m;
f.to
hav
e th
e fr
ee a
ssis
tanc
e of
an
inte
rpre
ter i
f the
acc
used
can
not u
nder
stan
d or
does
not
spe
ak th
e la
ngua
ge u
sed
in th
e co
urt;
g.no
t to
be c
ompe
lled
to te
stify
aga
inst
them
selv
es o
r to
conf
ess
guilt
.
Art
icle
36
new
Th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he S
upre
me
Cou
rt s
hall
deci
de a
ppea
ls m
ade
by th
e ac
cuse
d, th
e vi
ctim
s, o
r the
Co-
Pros
ecut
ors
agai
nst t
he d
ecis
ion
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he tr
ial c
ourt
. In
this
cas
e, th
e Su
prem
e C
ourt
Cha
mbe
r sha
ll m
ake
final
de
cisi
ons
on b
oth
issu
es o
f law
and
fact
, and
sha
ll no
t ret
urn
the
case
to th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he tr
ial c
ourt
.
Art
icle
37
new
Th
e pr
ovis
ion
of A
rtic
le 3
3, 3
4 an
d 35
sha
ll ap
ply
mut
atis
mut
andi
s in
resp
ect o
f pr
ocee
ding
s be
fore
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
of t
he S
upre
me
Cou
rt.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
14
173
CH
APT
ER X
I PE
NA
LTIE
S
Art
icle
38
A
ll pe
nalti
es s
hall
be li
mite
d to
impr
ison
men
t.
Art
icle
39
Th
ose
who
hav
e co
mm
itted
any
cri
me
as p
rovi
ded
in A
rtic
les
3 ne
w, 4
, 5, 6
, 7 a
nd 8
sh
all b
e se
nten
ced
to a
pri
son
term
from
five
yea
rs to
life
impr
ison
men
t.
In a
dditi
on to
impr
ison
men
t, th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
r of t
he tr
ial c
ourt
may
ord
er
the
conf
isca
tion
of p
erso
nal p
rope
rty,
mon
ey, a
nd re
al p
rope
rty
acqu
ired
unl
awfu
lly
or b
y cr
imin
al c
ondu
ct.
The
conf
isca
ted
prop
erty
sha
ll be
retu
rned
to th
e St
ate.
CH
APT
ER X
II
AM
NES
TY A
ND
PA
RD
ON
S
Art
icle
40
new
Th
e Ro
yal G
over
nmen
t of C
ambo
dia
shal
l not
requ
est a
n am
nest
y or
par
don
for a
ny
pers
ons
who
may
be
inve
stig
ated
for o
r con
vict
ed o
f cri
mes
refe
rred
to in
Art
icle
s 3,
4,
5, 6
, 7 a
nd 8
of t
his
law
. The
sco
pe o
f any
am
nest
y or
par
don
that
may
hav
e be
en
gran
ted
prio
r to
the
enac
tmen
t of t
his
Law
is a
mat
ter t
o be
dec
ided
by
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
.
CH
APT
ER X
III
STA
TUS,
RIG
HTS
, PR
IVIL
EGES
AN
D IM
MU
NIT
IES
Art
icle
41
Th
e fo
reig
n ju
dges
, the
fore
ign
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge,
the
fore
ign
Co-
Pros
ecut
or a
nd
the
Dep
uty
Dir
ecto
r of t
he O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n, to
geth
er w
ith th
eir f
amili
es
form
ing
part
of t
heir
hou
seho
ld, s
hall
enjo
y al
l of t
he p
rivi
lege
s an
d im
mun
ities
, ex
empt
ions
and
faci
litie
s ac
cord
ed to
dip
lom
atic
age
nts
in a
ccor
danc
e w
ith th
e 19
61
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
15
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
on D
iplo
mat
ic R
elat
ions
. Suc
h of
ficia
ls s
hall
enjo
y ex
empt
ion
from
ta
xatio
n in
Cam
bodi
a on
thei
r sal
arie
s, e
mol
umen
ts a
nd a
llow
ance
s.
Art
icle
42
new
1.
Cam
bodi
an ju
dges
, the
Co-
Inve
stig
atin
g Ju
dge,
the
Co-
Pros
ecut
or, t
he D
irec
tor o
fth
e O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n an
d pe
rson
nel s
hall
be a
ccor
ded
imm
unity
from
lega
l pr
oces
s in
resp
ect o
f wor
ds s
poke
n or
wri
tten
and
all a
cts
perf
orm
ed b
y th
em in
thei
r of
ficia
l cap
acity
. Suc
h im
mun
ity s
hall
cont
inue
to b
e ac
cord
ed a
fter t
erm
inat
ion
of
empl
oym
ent w
ith th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs, t
he P
re-T
rial
Cha
mbe
r and
the
Offi
ce
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n.
2.In
tern
atio
nal p
erso
nnel
sha
ll be
acc
orde
d in
add
ition
:a.
imm
unity
from
lega
l pro
cess
in re
spec
t of w
ords
spo
ken
or w
ritte
nan
d al
l act
s pe
rfor
med
by
them
in th
eir o
ffici
al c
apac
ity. S
uch
imm
unity
sha
ll co
ntin
ue to
be
acco
rded
afte
r ter
min
atio
n of
empl
oym
ent w
ith th
e co
-inve
stig
atin
g ju
dges
, the
co-
pros
ecut
ors,
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
, the
Pre
-Tri
al C
ham
ber a
nd th
e O
ffice
of
Adm
inis
trat
ion;
b.im
mun
ity fr
om ta
xatio
n on
sal
arie
s, a
llow
ance
s an
d em
olum
ents
pai
dto
them
by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
;c.
imm
unity
from
imm
igra
tion
rest
rict
ion;
d.th
e ri
ght t
o im
port
free
of d
utie
s an
d ta
xes,
exc
ept f
or p
aym
ent f
orse
rvic
es, t
heir
furn
iture
and
effe
cts
at th
e tim
e of
firs
t tak
ing
up th
eir
offic
ial d
utie
s in
Cam
bodi
a.
3.Th
e co
unse
l of a
sus
pect
or a
n ac
cuse
d w
ho h
as b
een
adm
itted
as
such
by
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll no
t be
subj
ecte
d by
the
Gov
ernm
ent t
o an
y m
easu
re
that
may
affe
ct th
e fr
ee a
nd in
depe
nden
t exe
rcis
e of
his
or h
er fu
nctio
ns u
nder
the
Law
on
the
Esta
blis
hmen
t of t
he E
xtra
ordi
nary
Cha
mbe
rs.
In p
artic
ular
, the
cou
nsel
sha
ll be
acc
orde
d:
a.im
mun
ity fr
om p
erso
nal a
rres
t or d
eten
tion
and
from
sei
zure
of p
erso
nal
bagg
age
rela
ting
to h
is o
r her
func
tions
in th
e pr
ocee
ding
s;b.
invi
olab
ility
of a
ll do
cum
ents
rela
ting
to th
e ex
erci
se o
f his
or h
er fu
nctio
nsas
a c
ouns
el o
f a s
uspe
ct o
r acc
used
;c.
imm
unity
from
cri
min
al o
r civ
il ju
risd
ictio
n in
resp
ect o
f wor
ds s
poke
n or
wri
tten
and
acts
per
form
ed in
his
or h
er c
apac
ity a
s co
unse
l. Su
ch im
mun
itysh
all c
ontin
ue to
be
acco
rded
afte
r ter
min
atio
n of
thei
r fun
ctio
n as
cou
nsel
of a
sus
pect
or a
ccus
ed.
4.Th
e ar
chiv
es o
f the
co-
inve
stig
atin
g ju
dges
, the
co-
pros
ecut
ors,
the
Extr
aord
inar
yC
ham
bers
, the
Pre
-Tri
al C
ham
ber a
nd th
e O
ffice
of A
dmin
istr
atio
n an
d in
gen
eral
all
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
16
174
docu
men
ts a
nd m
ater
ials
mad
e av
aila
ble
to, b
elon
ging
to, o
r use
d by
them
, whe
reve
r lo
cate
d in
the
Kin
gdom
of C
ambo
dia
and
by w
hom
soev
er h
eld,
sha
ll be
invi
olab
le fo
r th
e du
ratio
n of
the
proc
eedi
ngs.
CH
APT
ER X
IV
LOC
ATI
ON
OF
THE
EXTR
AO
RD
INA
RY
CH
AM
BER
S
Art
icle
43
new
Th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs e
stab
lishe
d in
the
tria
l cou
rt a
nd th
e Su
prem
e C
ourt
C
ham
ber s
hall
be lo
cate
d in
Phn
om P
enh.
CH
APT
ER X
V
EXPE
NSE
S
Art
icle
44
new
Th
e ex
pens
es a
nd s
alar
ies
of th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs s
hall
be a
s fo
llow
s:
1.Th
e ex
pens
es a
nd s
alar
ies
of th
e C
ambo
dian
adm
inis
trat
ive
offic
ials
and
staf
f, th
e C
ambo
dian
judg
es a
nd re
serv
e ju
dges
, inv
estig
atin
g ju
dges
and
rese
rve
inve
stig
atin
g ju
dges
, and
pro
secu
tors
and
rese
rve
pros
ecut
ors
shal
lbe
bor
ne b
y th
e C
ambo
dian
nat
iona
l bud
get;
2.Th
e ex
pens
es o
f the
fore
ign
adm
inis
trat
ive
offic
ials
and
sta
ff, th
e fo
reig
nju
dges
, Co-
inve
stig
atin
g ju
dge
and
Co-
pros
ecut
or s
ent b
y th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns s
hall
be b
orne
by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
;3.
The
defe
nce
coun
sel m
ay re
ceiv
e fe
es fo
r mou
ntin
g th
e de
fenc
e;4.
The
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
may
rece
ive
addi
tiona
l ass
ista
nce
for t
heir
expe
nses
from
oth
er v
olun
tary
fund
s co
ntri
bute
d by
fore
ign
gove
rnm
ents
,in
tern
atio
nal i
nstit
utio
ns, n
on-g
over
nmen
tal o
rgan
izat
ions
, and
oth
erpe
rson
s w
ishi
ng to
ass
ist t
he p
roce
edin
gs.
CH
APT
ER X
VI
WO
RK
ING
LA
NG
UA
GES
Art
icle
45
new
Th
e of
ficia
l wor
king
lang
uage
s of
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
sha
ll be
Khm
er,
Engl
ish
and
Fren
ch.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
17
CH
APT
ER X
VII
A
BSEN
CE
OF
FOR
EIG
N JU
DG
ES, I
NV
ESTI
GA
TIN
G JU
DG
ES O
R
PRO
SEC
UTO
RS
Art
icle
46
new
In
ord
er to
ens
ure
timel
y an
d sm
ooth
impl
emen
tatio
n of
this
law
, in
the
even
t any
fo
reig
n ju
dges
or f
orei
gn in
vest
igat
ing
judg
es o
r for
eign
pro
secu
tors
fail
or re
fuse
to
part
icip
ate
in th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs, t
he S
upre
me
Cou
ncil
of th
e M
agis
trac
y sh
all a
ppoi
nt o
ther
judg
es o
r inv
estig
atin
g ju
dges
or p
rose
cuto
rs to
fill
any
vaca
ncie
s fr
om th
e lis
ts o
f for
eign
can
dida
tes
prov
ided
for i
n A
rtic
le 1
1, A
rtic
le 1
8, a
nd A
rtic
le
26.I
n th
e ev
ent t
hose
list
s ar
e ex
haus
ted,
and
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
doe
s no
t sup
plem
ent t
he li
sts
with
new
can
dida
tes,
or i
n th
e ev
ent t
hat t
he
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
with
draw
s its
sup
port
from
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
, any
suc
h va
canc
ies
shal
l be
fille
d by
the
Supr
eme
Cou
ncil
of th
e M
agis
trac
y fr
om c
andi
date
s re
com
men
ded
by th
e G
over
nmen
ts o
f Mem
ber S
tate
s of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
or f
rom
am
ong
othe
r for
eign
lega
l per
sona
litie
s.
If, fo
llow
ing
such
pro
cedu
res,
ther
e ar
e st
ill n
o fo
reig
n ju
dges
or f
orei
gn in
vest
igat
ing
judg
es o
r for
eign
pro
secu
tors
par
ticip
atin
g in
the
wor
k of
the
Extr
aord
inar
y C
ham
bers
an
d no
fore
ign
cand
idat
es h
ave
been
iden
tifie
d to
occ
upy
the
vaca
nt p
ositi
ons,
then
th
e Su
prem
e C
ounc
il of
the
Mag
istr
acy
may
cho
ose
repl
acem
ent C
ambo
dian
judg
es,
inve
stig
atin
g ju
dges
or p
rose
cuto
rs. CH
APT
ER X
VII
I EX
ISTE
NC
E O
F TH
E C
OU
RT
Art
icle
47
Th
e Ex
trao
rdin
ary
Cha
mbe
rs in
the
cour
ts o
f Cam
bodi
a sh
all a
utom
atic
ally
dis
solv
e fo
llow
ing
the
defin
itive
con
clus
ion
of th
ese
proc
eedi
ngs.
CH
APT
ER X
IX
AG
REE
MEN
T BE
TWEE
N T
HE
UN
ITED
NA
TIO
NS
AN
D C
AM
BOD
IA
Art
icle
47
bis
new
Fo
llow
ing
its ra
tific
atio
n in
acc
orda
nce
with
the
rele
vant
pro
visi
ons
of th
e la
w o
f K
ingd
om o
f Cam
bodi
a re
gard
ing
com
pete
nce
to c
oncl
ude
trea
ties,
the
Agr
eem
ent
betw
een
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
and
the
Roya
l Gov
ernm
ent o
f Cam
bodi
a C
once
rnin
g th
e Pr
osec
utio
n un
der C
ambo
dian
Law
of C
rim
e C
omm
itted
dur
ing
the
peri
od o
f
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
18
175
Dem
ocra
tic K
ampu
chea
, don
e at
Phn
om P
enh
on 6
June
200
3, s
hall
appl
y as
law
w
ithin
the
Kin
gdom
of C
ambo
dia.
FIN
AL
PRO
VIS
ION
Art
icle
48
Th
is la
w s
hall
be p
rocl
aim
ed a
s ur
gent
.
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
––––
U
noffi
cial
tran
slat
ion
by th
e C
ounc
il of
Jur
ists a
nd th
e Se
cret
aria
t of t
he T
ask
Forc
e. R
evis
ed 2
6 Au
gust
2007
19
176
