internal peace and security plan (ipsp) and national security policy (nsp)

LOCATING THE INTERNAL PEACE AND SECURITY PLAN IN THE NATIONAL

SECURITY PLAN

Ateneo de Manila UniversityMay 30, 2012

CONCEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY

NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

INTERNAL PEACE AND SECURITY PLAN (“BAYANIHAN”)


Defining National Security...

What is Security? What kind of Security we

want?

Security is essentially a contested concept, which can be interpreted in several ways.


Traditional Security Agenda

Widening of the Security Concept: What is Security?

Focus on military security


national security was viewed as the

protection of the people and

geographic territory from physical assault



New Security Agenda




concept of security is expanded due to : relationships of nationsethnic conflict and

belligerent statesorganized crimesenvironmental damage

and rapid population growth



New Security Agenda



and non-military security, including political, economic, society, and environmental security


“security can no longer be understood in purely

military terms. Rather it must encompass

economic development, social justices,

environmental protection, democratisation,

disarmament and respect for human rights and the

rule of law.” - UN Sec-Gen Kofi Annan




New Security Agenda




Deepening of the Security Concept: Whose Security?

Focus on the security of the state (state security)

In addition to the widening of the security agenda, the nature of military security

has change since the 1990s, particularly in the

aftermath of 9/11.



New Security Agenda







Emergence of new international security landscape : Intra-state warfare privatisation and

criminalisation of conflict transnational terrorism asymmetrical warfare



New Security Agenda






and the security of the individual (human security)

Defining National Security...“in the wake of these

conflicts, a new understanding of the concept of security is

evolving. Once synonymous with the

defense of the territory come to embrace the

protection of communities and individuals from

internal violence. Hence the need for a more

human-centered approach to security...”

- UN Millennium Report



New Security Agenda






and the security of the individual (human security)


NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY, GOALS AND OBJECTIVESCONCEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY



“the State shall undertake the necessary steps to ensure that the Filipino National

Community’s welfare, well being, ways of life, institutions; territorial integrity; and

sovereignty are enhanced and protected.”

- National Security Policy (2011 – 2016)


ELEMENTS OF NATIONAL SECURITY

Socio-Political Stability

External Peace and

Harmony

Moral-Spiritual

Consensus


There is peace and harmony among

divergent groups of people in the country, and

mutual cooperation and support exists

between the government and

the people

Ecological Balance

The environment is able to support

sustainable development

strategies for the benefit of the

nation and the people who

depend on it for existence

Territorial Integrity

The territory of the country is

intact and under the effective control of the Government

External Peace and Harmony

The country and the people enjoy cordial relations

with their neighbors, and

they are free from any control,

interference or threat of

aggression from any of them

Moral-Spiritual Consensus

There is moral and spiritual consensus on the wisdom and righteousness of

the national vision and they are

inspired by their patriotism and

national pride to participate

vigorously in the pursuit of the

country’s goals and objectives

Ecological Balance

Territorial

Integrity

Cultural Cohesiven

ess

Economic Solidarity

Cultural Cohesiveness

The people share the values and beliefs handed down by their forebears and

possess a strong sense of

attachment to national

community despite their religious,

ethnic and linguistic

differences

Economic Solidarity

The economy is strong, capable of

supporting national

endeavors, and derives its

strength from the people who have an organic stake

in it



Territorial

Integrity


Territorial Integrity

Socio-Political StabilityOther NS

ElementsOther NS Elements

West Philippine Sea Issue

Internal Armed ConflictEconomic Development

Poverty Reduction


THE STATE SHALL UNDERTAKE THE NECESSARY STEPS TO ENSURE THAT THE FILIPINO NATIONAL COMMUNITY’S WELFARE, WELL BEING, WAYS OF LIFE, INSTITUTIONS, AND TERRITORY AND

SOVEREIGNTY ARE ENHANCED AND PROTECTED.

PROMOTE INTERNAL SOCIO-POLITICAL STABILITY

CAPACITATE THE PHILIPPINES TO EXERCISE FULL SOVEREIGNTY OVER ITS TERRITORY AND TO PROVIDE PROTECTION TO ITS MARITIME AND OTHER STRATEGIC

INTERESTS

1. CREATE THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT IN ORDER TO ENSURE THE EFFECTIVE DELIVERY OF BASIC SERVICES, PROTECT OUR NATURAL RESOURCES, AND PROMOTE ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION & SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TO WIN THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF THOSE WITH VALID GRIEVANCES AND RETAIN THE ALLEGIANCE OF THE REST OF THE CITIZENRY

2. STRENGTHEN THE INTEGRITY OF NATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROMOTE GOOD GOVERNANCE THROUGH REFORMS IN THE SECURITY SECTOR

3. PROMOTE THE PEACE PROCESS AS THE CENTERPIECE OF OUR INTERNAL SECURITY PROGRAM4. LAUNCH A HOLISTIC PROGRAM TO COMBAT TERRORISM


INTERESTS


THE STATE SHALL UNDERTAKE THE NECESSARY STEPS TO ENSURE THAT THE FILIPINO NATIONAL COMMUNITY’S WELFARE, WELL BEING, WAYS OF LIFE, INSTITUTIONS, AND TERRITORY AND

SOVEREIGNTY ARE ENHANCED AND PROTECTED.


INTERESTS

1. PROMOTE EXTERNAL HARMONIOUS RELATIONSHIPS WITH OUR NEIGHBORS AND THE WORLD AT LARGE

2. PURSUE REGIONAL COOPERATION IN VARIOUS AREAS3. ENHANCE OUR COOPERATIVE SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS WITH ALLIES AND NEIGHBORS4. DEVELOP A DEFENSE CAPABILITY TO PROTECT OUR SOVEREIGNTY AND STRATEGIC MARITIME

INTERESTS


INTERESTS

PROMOTE INTERNAL SOCIO-POLITICAL STABILITY





“creating the enabling environment”

“winning the peace”

“culture of peace”

“security sector reform”


No to “all-out –war” Give primacy to non-

military to address armed rebellion

Conduct focused-military operation in specified targets


AFP takes the backseat

Civilian authorities take lead

IPSP success is hinged on: political leaders civilian institutions


Focuses on people >>> as opposed to

state securityStrengthen Institutional

Commitments

Human Rights (HR)

International Humanitarian Law (IHL)

Rule of Law (RoL)

Strengthen multi-stakeholder’s engagement

Civilian Authorities

Private Sector

Civil Society Groups


Support peace process

Professional armed forces

under democratic

civilian control

Defeat the terrorist groups

and allied armed threat

groups.Contribute to the resolution

of conflict with armed threat

groups

Contribute to establish civil authorities to

take responsibility

Support developmental, environmental

protection, disaster risk

reduction and management,

and law enforcement

activities

OB

JEC

TIVE

S


TIM

EFR

AM

E

Addressing Armed Conflict (2011 –

2013)

Handling Over the Lead Role to Civilian Authorities (2014 -

2016)

Territorial Defense Focused Force


NS Goal: Territorial Integrity

NS Goal: Socio-Political Stability

AFP Role:External Defense

IMPL

ICAT

ION

S

LGU will take the lead in enforcing peace and order

Military will act as support

LGU will rely on PNP POCs

AFP Role:Internal Defense

(“Bayanihan”)





(“Bayanihan”)


IMPL

ICAT

ION

S

Note on POCs:

headed by Local Chief Executives

Members: DILG PNP AFP Private Sector Civil Society

POCs delegated to the AFP in conflict areas





IMPL

ICAT

ION

S

POCs… must be

reorganized/ reoriented

Formulate peace and security initiatives that are civilian-lead

Move away AFP counter-insurgency tool


(“Bayanihan”)





IMPL

ICAT

ION

S

Capacitate POCs… conflict

management conflict and

security analysis

effective coordination


(“Bayanihan”)




IMPL

ICAT

ION

S Upgrade Capabilities to Protect Maritime Interests

Hand Over to Civilian Autorities the Internal Armed Conflicts

Way Forward

First, launching the IPSP and concretizing it in reality are two different stories

Second, IPSP required more synergy and collaboration

Third, efforts of the military must be sustained with parallel efforts among civilian government units and private institutions in pursuing unanimity and solidarity in attaining our country’s internal security and peace goals and objectives

internal peace and security plan (ipsp) and national security policy (nsp)

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