integration and transient shear-thickening effects of carbon nanotubes and carbide nanoparticles in...
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Integration and Transient Shear-Thickening Effects of Carbon Nanotubes and Carbide
Nanoparticles in a Polymer Matrix
John ConleyAdvisor: Dr. Ajay Malshe
7/20/09
Background Information• Carbon Nanotubes
– Discovery by Iijima in 1991– Unique properties due to size and structure
• Conductive, strong, lightweight, etc.
– SW, DW, and MW varieties• SW better for nanocomposites
• Polymer– Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
Goals1. Improve nanotube/particle integration and
loading to improve mechanical properties (strength, hardness, etc.)
2. Characterize shear-thickening effect of nanotubes/particles in polymer matrix
3. Combine loaded polymer with other materials to create prototype complex material
Second Phase: Testing/Characterization• Testing
– Transmission Electron Microscopy, for surface morphology.– Nanoindentation, for hardness.– Nanoindentation, for storage modulus.– Tensile testing, for tensile strength.– Tensile testing, for Young’s modulus.– Izod or Charpy testing, for impact hardness
• Characterization– Analyze mechanical properties during dynamic and static
loading to determine characteristics of shear-thickening effects
Results• Nanoindentation
Neat UHMWPEUHMWPE loaded with ~20% by weight CNTs
Young’s Modulus 0.69 GPa 1.68 GPa
Hardness 92.1 MPa 493 MPa
New Process Idea• Skip complicated wet phases and associated
processes– Filtration, drying, etc.
• Utilize powdered materials and vibrator plate to skip straight to hot press
• Many benefits– Easier, cheaper, safer, faster, simpler, unique
Plans• Continue phases I and II– Manufacture multiple samples of nanocomposite• CNT/UHMWPE composite with new, purer UHMWPE
phase from TiconaUSA• Begin testing of dual powder sintering synthesis
method for carbide nanocomposite
– Complete parameter matrix– Analyze with more advanced testing equipment
like TEM or SEM– Validate results with macroscale testing
Third Phase: Molecular Dynamics• Empirical models for fiber in composite matrix
– Equivalent-continuum modeling method• Traditional fiber composite models do not apply• Must take into account large interfacial area relative to polymer
matrix volume• Must take into account secondary forces such as VdW forces
• Nanocomposite models– Polymer matrix/CNT – Polymer matrix/CNT interfacial modeling– Van der Waals modeling– σ-ε behavior
• Analyzed by comparing to rule of mixtures
Acknowledgements• Steven Wehmeyer
– Supply of purified CNTs• Ranjit John
– Supply of CNTs, technical advising• Dmytro Demydov
– Primary advising• Jason Bailey, Mohammed Chowdhury, Parash Kalita, Anoop Samant,
Corey Thompson, Wenyang Zhang– Technical advising and assistance
• Joshua Wilson– Administrative assistance
• NanoMech– Equipment loan
References• R. Andrews, A. Berkovich, J.C. Hower, D. Jacques, & T. Rantell.
“Fabrication of Carbon Multi-wall Nanotube/Polyer Composites by Shear Mixing.” University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research.
• W.C. Oliver and G.M. Pharr. Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology. J. Mater. Res. 19 (2004), 3.
• Wetzel, Eric D. et al. "Protective Fabrics Utilizing Shear Thickening Fluids." 2004.
• Yuezhen Bin, Mayuna Kitanaka, Dan Zhu, and Masaru Matsuo. Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women’s University, Nara 630-8263, Japan.