integrated design audit (ida) report

01

City Terroir

Integrated Design AuditIDA Report

Studio One,Caveh Bahreyni Toossi

03

Introduction 03Site History and Context 06 Location 06 History 07 Social context 08 TPO 10 Urban context 12Architectural context 14 Current situation 16 Viaduct and arches 16 Spa Terminus region 20Management, Practice and law 22 Spa master plan 22 Procurement 23 Planning application and permissions 23 Client 23 End user 23 Design Team 23 Consultants 23 Contract 23 Funding 23Case Studies and precedents 24 Bastides of South France 24 Palazzo della Civilta Italiana 25 Civil Government Building 26 Chiswick House Cafe 27Design Development 28 Mass modelling 28 Early proposal drawings 30 Unapproved proposal 30 The approved design 31Professional context 32 Site plan 32 Building regulations 34 Access to and use of Buildings 34 Means of access 34 Lifts and stairs 37 Toilets 40 Fire safety 43 Ventilation 46 Protection from falling, collisions and impact 47 Environment, Services, Energy and Sustainability 48 Material 48 Walls 48 Façade 49 Interior 50 Landscaping 51 Vertical connection and clustering 52 Solar exposure and partial insulation 53 Energy usage and solar gain 54 Artificiallighting,reduceddemandandenergysaving 55 Sun path and shadow study 56 Structure, construction and materials 58 Structure 58 Foundation and substructure 58 Over the ground structure 59 The complete structure 60 Wall and facade structure 61Architectural drawings 62 Plans and section 62 BasementandGroundfloor(1:500) 62 Floors1to6Residential/Commercialplans(1:500) 63 Exhibitionhallplan(1:500) 64 Section 65 Spacial illustration 66 Circulations and habitation 67 Basement and Ground Floor 67 Upper Floors 68 Exhibition hall level 69 Proposal in context 70 Façades 72 Sections and details 73 Overview 73 Ground Floor window 74 Floor and window details 75 Concrete slab details 76Bibliography 78

Content

Introduction

IDA Report is the second part of the Integrated Design Audit series started with the IDA Diary which was a compilation of theworkdonethroughtheacademicyeartowardsthefinalproject, which will be presented in this report.

ThefinaldesignprojectcontinuingtheideaofCityTerroir,aimsto create a public space with the theme of food in an urban context.

The proposal in this report is for a centre, a civic space, based on the connection between food, people and the interrelating industry, in a location dominated by the national rail viaduct crossing through the city of London , at a place thatoneof thefirst train stationsof thecitywasbuilt.

The location of the proposal is Dockley Road Industrial Estate close to Spa Terminus, SE16 3SF, Bermondsey London, in the Borough of Southwark.

05

The location of the site - Dockley Road Industrial Estate - in the Borough of Southwark, southeast London.

06

The site for our final proposal is located at southeastLondon in the Bermondsey area of the borough of Southwark and under supervision of the Southwark Council.

The area is surrounded on the east by the railway track, on south bordered to Dockley Road, on west limited to Rouel road which terminates at Enid street and has been cut by Spa road between the two mentioned ones.

It is adjacent to the National Rail viaduct crossing and cutting through London. The site is located on the southern side of the viaduct and includes several of the arches beneath the railway bridge and also the space in front of it.

The site currently is called ‘Dockley Road Industrial Estate’ ans is a collection of food, and food related industries providing a whole sale production for the city of London.

At the present time there is a proposed plan for the area to demolish the current buildings on the industrial estate and the construction of residential and commercial spaces have been suggested.

The area used to be a very busy location as the firsttrain stationof London(theSpaRoadStationandSpaTerminus Station)wasbuilt here, hence the name SpaTerminus which is used for the area. The station and some partsof theofficecurrentlyexistbut it isnotoperating.

Site History and Context

Location

The boundaries of Bermondsey area of the Southwark Borough and the location of the site within the borough.Picture:SouthwarkCouncilwebsiteMaps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=Historical_Selection&tooltip=Hist_tips[Accessed2May2015].

Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=Planning&tooltip=Plan_tips&banner=planning[Accessed2May2015].

07

In the early 1800s the parts which are now called the Spa Terminus and Dockley Road Industrial Estate were not yet parts of London and still were farms and belonged to the local workers.

By the end of the 19th century development had started in the area and the increase of trade and commerce through the River Thames caused the expansion of industrial units and construction starting from the banks of the river and expanding inwards in the city of London.

The end of the 18th century also brought the railway and the tracks to London which crossed through the Bermondsey area and the Spa Road Station was built toservethearea(1,2)

During the World War II most of the area of the currently Dockley Road Industrial Estate was destroyed by the Nazi bombing and the remaining was either mostly damaged or irreparable and as seen on the map of the mid 20th century the area has been removed and hasleftavoidinthearea(3).

Currently the site has been occupied with two rows of one storey buildings built with Steal frame and masonry on the north and the south sides of the area dating back to 1980s (4).

History

1915-1920 survey

Show more on the mapNo overlays selected 0 m 150 m 300 m

1896-1899 survey


1949-1954 survey


Caveh ToossiLondon MetropolitanUniversity

Apr 03, 2015 15:23Scale 1:750

1980

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 m

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2015. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=Historical_Selection&tooltip=Hist_tips[Accessed2May2015].

1

3

2

4

08

Southwark Borough

The borough is made of 21 wards and 63 councillors which the majority are of The Labour party who are leading the council. The borough has a very young population as the majority are less than 35 years old.

Also it has the highest number of residents who were born in Africa and includes a large number of Latin American residents. This is the reason for the %75 of the children at the age of reception to be from black and minority ethnic(BME)groups.

There are about 120 languages spoken in the borough and about %10 of the households have not any member whohasEnglishasthefirstlanguage.

The Borough of Southwark is one of the areas with the highest population in England and Wales with having 9,988 residents per square kilometre.

The area of Bermondsey within the Borough of Southwark does not have significant importance fromthe archaeological aspect, although the rest of the boroughisofinterestinthisfield(thegreenareain1areof archaeological interest).

Thereareafewlistedbuildings(2)ofGradeIIandGradeII star around Dockley Road Industrial Estate. Interestingly nottheviaductitselfbutthetunnelatSparoad(3)isaGradeIIandSt.James’sChurch(3)ontheothersideofthe via duct is a Grade II star listed building.

The Estate area and to a far distance of the bridge on either sides there are some conservation areas but not close to or in the area of our site, thus there is no historical significant importance to cause any conflict with anynewconstructionatthearea(5).

Social context

Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/index.jsp?tooltip=yes[Accessed2May2015].

Archaeological priority zones

Show more on the mapArchaeological priority zones

Archaeological priority zones

0 m 150 m 300 m

listed buildings GII-green GII star-red

Show more on the mapListed buildings

Listed buildings Grade I

Listed buildings Grade II

Listed buildings Grade II star

0 m 150 m 300 m

1

3

2

4

09

Show more on the mapConservation areas

Conservation areas

0 m 150 m 300 m

Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/index.jsp?tooltip=yes[Accessed2May2015].

6

10

The Tree Preservation Order at the area of Bermondsey is not very significant. As mentioned earlier the coverage of trees and vegetations is not abundant at this area as well.

The current situation of TPO is as shown on the above map. The turquoise patches show the parts of Individual TPO zones, the brown areas are Group TPO zones, the yellow parts are Area TPO zones, and the green pieces (which do not exist in the area ofBermondsey) are Woodland TPO zones.

It is clear that there is no current tree preservation at the location of the site and thus the existing trees are not protected. The aim will be to safeguard these as much as possible and if required to remove them, they will be re-located to a nearby area. If this option was not possible then for each tree cut more than one will be planted to increase the number of the trees and enhance the green quality of the proposal.

TPO tpo

Show more on the mapIndividual TPO zones

Individual TPO zonesGroup TPO zones

Group TPO zonesArea TPO zones

Area TPO zonesWoodland TPO zones

Woodland TPO zonesEXCD_LondonBoroughs

EXCD_London_boroughs

0 m 350 m 700 m

Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=TPOs&banner=TPO&tooltip=TPO_tips[Accessed5May2015].

12

The area surrounding the Dockley Road Industrial Estate if analysed through the network of roads and streets it could be seen that there are several connections and the area is well connected through the network. There are major underground stations such as Bermondsey and London bridge stations, the South Bermondsey train station, and several bus stops on both east and west of theareawherethemainstreetspassthrough(1).

The public spaces of the area are more noticeable on the northwest, northeast, east and far west of the site which are mainly new built multistorey buildings and on the contrary on the west were the recently massive compound has been built, all the land has been used for construction. The little public space on the southern side of the site also is due to the low and old style terraced housed buildings or council houses which the outdoor space iskeptasprivategardens foroccupiers (2).

The spread of green area at the neighbourhood is not satisfying and the lack of vegetations and green area is very obvious at the site. This situation improves towards south and west where there are some parks and to the north where the church is located, otherwise the amount ofgreensectionsarenotconsiderable(3).

More importantly if the urban density of the area is checked, the higher rate tends to be on the west and northern parts and these are many new built structures which consist of multi-storeys flats and tall buildingswith very high capacities. This is totally opposite on the southern parts as it is still dominated by the clusters of scattered two to three storey dwellings or four to fivestorey council houses (4).

Urban context

1:1000 @ A2The road and transport network surround-

ing the Dockley Road Industrial Estate.Source: Digimap

1:1000 @ A2The footpaths and public spaces surrounding

the Dockley Road Industrial Estate.Source: Digimap

1:1000 @ A2The green area and variegations surround-


1

3

2

1:1000 @ A2The buildings and constructions surround-


4

13

Aerial views of the Dockley Road Industrial Estate.

A view from above showing the relation of the site compared to the River Thames, and the adjacent viaduct and the urban texture of the area which becomes dense towards north and west (1).

A view from the northeast of the site from the other side of the viaduct enhancing the monstrosity of the viaduct and a comparison of it size next to the tall and massivestructuresaround it(2).

A view from southeast and the current urban texture of the area towards west and northwest. In the view again the viaduct and its significant impression over theurban structure isemphasized (3).

Images taken from Apple maps

1

2

3

14

The architecture around the site consists of the old structures built around the time the viaduct was built which is mostly masonry and from the pre-modern time but perhaps after the industrial revolution.

They are mostly heavy structures with thick walls and incorporated with steel in the newer ones. These elements create a unique feeling for the site which is challenged by the new tall and modern buildings cladded in the newly developed material and glazed windows.

The Industrial Estate (1), the listedbridge (2), theothertunnelsunder thebridge (3,4,5) and thewater towernexttotheviaduct(6)aresomeaspectsofthisamazingmixture.

Architectural context

1

4

3

5

2

6

15

The other type of buildings at the Spa Terminus area are those which are recently developed and in the recent decades have been built.

There is also a transition through the council houses built in the 60s and 70s to the new and modern architecture and a shift from a low rise building to a higher level and multi-storey dwellings accompanied by vertical growth, in order to gain the most benefit from the limited amount of ground.

ThebuildingsonthesouthwestsideoftheEstate(1),thestructureson theopposite sideof theviaduct (2,3,4)and the modifications of the interiors of the tunnels for better insulation and prevention from moisture as the tunnelsarealwaysmoistontheinnerside(5)arejustafew scenes at the area.

2

3

4

1

5

16

The arches beneath the viaduct are the property of UK National Rail and the land adjacent to it, and under the viaduct if is not privately owned but belongs to Southwark Council.

Currently a private establishment through negotiation hasleasedthearches(colouredontheabovediagram)on a long-term basis and intends to sub-lease them to possible clients.

The future plan is to lease and use all the arches for food or food related industry for the purpose of whole sale and not for direct contact with individual or household sales.

There is only a Saturday market event held weekly for direct sales with customers but this will not extend to the

days of the week according to the enterprise’s plans for Spa Terminus.

At present the existing occupants of the arches at the location of the site include Kernal Brewery, English Preserves, The Butchery, Ham & Cheese Co., Crown & Queue, The London Honey Co., Little Bread Pedlar, and those at the adjacent area at Voyager Business Estate on the north side of Dockley Road Industrial Estate are Fosse Meadows & Oliveology, South East Fruits, Mons Cheese w. Aubert & Mascoli, Kappa Casein, Fiveways Express, Jayne Duveen, John & Elena Veg.

Current situation

Viaduct and arches

This map has been distributed through the studio students by the tutors and was given by the current leaseholder of the arches of the viaduct.

Kappa !Casein

South!East!Fruits

Jayn

e..D

uvee

n!

Ham

& C

hees

e C

o.

Kernel Brewery

Eng

lish

Pre

serv

es

The

But

cher

y

Southerden

MCC!(temp)

Nat

oora

VOYAGER!SE16 4RP

SPA (N)!SE16 4EJ

DISCOVERY!SE16 4RA

ST JAMES!SE16 4RA

DOCKLEY!SE16 3SF

2 3 5 6 7 9

14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Ice Cream Union

Fern Verrow!

& Coleman Coffee!

Available

CURRENT PLAN

Spa Terminus Ltd

NTS

!GREY SHADED SPACES ARE CURRENTLY UNOCCUPIED BUT RESERVED FOR THE BUSINESS WHERE LABELLED.!!TURQUOISE SHADED UNITS ARE SHORTLY TO BECOME AVAILABLE. THESE UNITS CAN BE SUB-DIVIDED INTO SMALLER AREAS

SCALE

NOTES

OCTOBER 2014DATE

Matching Green Ltd

Carrington!Flowers

Security Hut

SPA (S)!SE16 3FJ

Fosse Meadows

& !Oliveology

10

4

9

Pieces4A

Fiv

eway

s E

xpre

ss

Monmouth Coffee Company

Inn & Out Aon

Tower Pizza

1 2 3

7 8

1 2 3

4 5 6 10 11 12 13

14

11 12 13 17 26 27

8

15141312 16 17 18 19

Mons!Cheese

w. Aubert & Mascoli

654

Little Bread Pedlar

The

Lon

don

Hon

ey C

o.

Monmouth!Coffee!

Company!

John

& E

lena

Veg!

Sha

red C

row

n &

Que

ue!

Dyn

amic

Vin

es

Neal’s Yard Dairy

AvailableAvailable

17

Kappa !Casein

South!East!Fruits

Jayn

e..D

uvee

n!

Ham

& C

hees

e C

o.

Kernel Brewery

Eng

lish

Pre

serv

es

The

But

cher

y

Southerden

MCC!(temp)

Nat

oora

VOYAGER!SE16 4RP

SPA (N)!SE16 4EJ

DISCOVERY!SE16 4RA

ST JAMES!SE16 4RA

DOCKLEY!SE16 3SF

2 3 5 6 7 9

14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Ice Cream Union

Fern Verrow!

& Coleman Coffee!

Available

CURRENT PLAN

Spa Terminus Ltd

NTS

!GREY SHADED SPACES ARE CURRENTLY UNOCCUPIED BUT RESERVED FOR THE BUSINESS WHERE LABELLED.!!TURQUOISE SHADED UNITS ARE SHORTLY TO BECOME AVAILABLE. THESE UNITS CAN BE SUB-DIVIDED INTO SMALLER AREAS

SCALE

NOTES

OCTOBER 2014DATE

Matching Green Ltd

Carrington!Flowers

Security Hut

SPA (S)!SE16 3FJ

Fosse Meadows

& !Oliveology

10

4

9

Pieces4A

Fiv

eway

s E

xpre

ss


Inn & Out Aon

Tower Pizza

1 2 3

7 8

1 2 3

4 5 6 10 11 12 13

14

11 12 13 17 26 27

8

15141312 16 17 18 19

Mons!Cheese

w. Aubert & Mascoli

654

Little Bread Pedlar

The

Lon

don

Hon

ey C

o.

Monmouth!Coffee!

Company!

John

& E

lena

Veg!

Sha

red C

row

n &

Que

ue!

Dyn

amic

Vin

es

Neal’s Yard Dairy

AvailableAvailable

18

The current situation of the Dockley Road Industrial Estate.

The top drawing is the southwest view of the estate (markedwithredlines)infrontoftheviaduct.Thebottomdrawing is a view to the north from within the estate (markedwith red lines)and thenewdevelopmentonthe left and the viaduct on the right.

20

The Dockley Road Industrial Estate itself is a combination of several different industries ranging from printing to janitorial along with the Neal’s Yard dairy products. A variety of trades are presented at this site.

CurrentlytheoccupantsoftheIndustrialEstate(excludingtheoccupantsofthearchesoftheviaduct)includethefollowings:

Neal’s Yard dairy productions, La Grotta Ices, Southerden, Fern Verrow & Coleman Coffee, London News Distribution, Heron & Driver, Prelude Building Services, Coleman Coffee Roasters Ltd., R H B Print Finishers Ltd., Bayleaf Janitorial Supplies Ltd., and Comag.

Some of the businesses have been closed during the recent years, such as Proudman Hemm Limited, MP Diemakers Limited, Poppy’s Foods Limited.

Spa Terminus region

Endole.co.uk,(2015).CompaniesinSE163SF,DockleyRoadIndustrialEstate,DockleyRoad,London-Endole.[online]Availableat:http://www.endole.co.uk/company-by-postcode/se16-3sf[Accessed3May2015].Spa-terminus.co.uk,(2015).Map|SpaTerminus.[online]Availableat:http://www.spa-terminus.co.uk/map/[Accessed3May2015].

12

34

7

81112

13161715

20

Voyager North

Discovery South

Discovery North

Spa NorthSpa South

Voyager

South

Friern St

Old Jamaica Rd

Spa RdThurland R

dDockley Rd

Rouel R

d

St James’s R

d

Lucey Way

Dockley Rd

Lucey Way

Lucey Rd

Yalding Rd

Collett Rd

Webster Rd

Clement’s Rd

St James’s R

d

Spa Rd

Mar

ine

St

6

1819

5

Dockley

109

14

St. JamesChurch

Bermondsey Tube 5 mins walk

To London Bridge10 mins walk

Arch 8 Spa South

Crown & Queue Meats

Arch 10 Spa South

The Ham & Cheese Co

Arch 11 Spa South

The Kernel Brewery

Arch 13 Spa South

The Butchery

Unit 11 Dockley

La Grotta Ices Southerden

Unit 10 Dockley

Fern Verrow

Unit 6 Dockley

Neal’s Yard Dairy

Arch 4 Discovery South

Dynamic Vines


The Ice Cream Union


Natoora

Arch 1 Voyager North

Kappacasein


Aubert & Mascoli Mons Cheese


South East Fruits


Oliveology

Arch 5 Voyager South

John & Elena Fruit & Veg Co. Kase Swiss

Jacob’s Ladder Farms

Arch 8 Voyager South

Carrington Brown

Arch 2 Spa North

England Preserves

Arch 3 Spa North


Arch 4-6 Spa South

Little Bread Pedlar Coleman Coffee Roasters

Arch 7 Spa South

The London Honey Company

9

11

6

8

3

4

2

1

12

19

18

17

16

15

14

13

7

5

10

20

SPA TERMINUS

Spa Terminus Ltd 36 Maltby Street Bermondsey London SE1 3PA +44 20 7232 3010 www.spa-terminus.co.uk

22

According to the Southwark Council documents there is currently a master plan provisioned for the Spa Terminus area (1) covering Dockley road industrialEstate and the surroundings. Some of these plans have already been started or even finished and some of them such as the plans for the site of our proposal is under progress (marked red on the abovemap).

At present time there is a proposal offered to Southwark Council to demolish the Dockley Road industrial Estate and make space for the construction of a residential and commercial compound with multi-storeys flat and including affordable housing with commercial space provided on the lower levels.

The last phase of the approved master plan has started in 2010 and is in progress. This master plan is to change the area and bring new life, and a livelihood neighbourhood within the new developments with creating gardens and public squares between the buildings.

DockleyRoadestate (markedwith redand labelled‘N’ in the map) is also one of the future sites toundergo the demolition and redevelopment following the master plan.

Management, Practice and law

Spa master plan

Southwark.gov.uk,(2015).BermondseySpamasterplan|BermondseySpamasterplan|SouthwarkCouncil.[online]Availableat:http://www.southwark.gov.uk/info/200180/bermondsey_spa/1144/bermondsey_spa_masterplan[Accessed3May2015].

1

23

Planning application and permissions

The planning permissions and applications will be completed and revised thoroughly and with the consultation of a planning and permission expert the documents will be presented to Southwark Council planning committee. This proposal will be according to and following the Master Plan of Bermondsey Spa and thushasnoconflictofinterestswiththeschemealreadyplanned for the borough.

Client

For this project the client is a combination of several groups. One is the Southwark Council , since the master plan is under progress and the design has to be approved by the scheme of the master plan. Also if the agreement is to build a public space to be used by the residents and the public the support of the local council will be significant.

The other clients are the trade owners who are allowing their current venue to be demolished and the new proposal to be built. These are the businesses which are currently occupying the arches or the other units of the industrial estate and are willing to join and participate in the construction and invest in the regeneration of the area and later be able to use the newly developed units. In addition there are some outside businesses who are interested in having a share in the future commercial spaces and are willing to join thus be able to have a part of the soon to-be-built trade centre.

The other client is the private enterprise who is currently holding the lease of the arches of the viaduct, as having controlon theviaducts theyhavegreat influenceandcontrol over the area and their support or rejection can change the plans and designs dramatically and therefore they might not be directly the client (unlessthey would offer their sponsorship for the project) buthave to be involved and regarded as a potential client.

End user

The end user of the proposal due to the nature of it consists of various groups. One end user group is the food industry including those businesses who were acting as client at the construction phase or those who have leased or acquired a unit after the completion of the plan.

Upon agreement on having the addition of residential unit on the proposal the end user will also be the general public who will have the possibility to live there, although considering the little number of residential units and the sizeof theflats, thesewillnotfit in thecategoryofaffordable housing.

The target group who is one of the end users and the user which the design is focused on is the general public. As it will be mentioned the proposal is for creating a place focused on the theme of food and to be able to attract people and gather them together. This end user is also the reason for the Southwark Council to be highly

engaged and involved in the process.

Design Team

The proposal includes many clients and users and is fairly a big project. All these requires a work done by more than one group of experts.

The teams to be involved are the architectural group, the structural engineering advisors, landscape designers andarchitects,materialandfabricationexperts,fishingexperts, industrial management advisor, land surveyors, quantity surveyors, negotiators, HR managements, PR management, advertising agencies, planning and permission experts, soil and land analysis experts, climate and energy experts, health and safety advisor, food and hygiene experts, and the Council representatives.

Consultants

Other bodies and organizations which would be involved are the trade union representatives, the transport and logistic experts, the national rail, and etc..

Contract

The contract for this proposal considering its complexity and challenges requires the designers to be fully involved and aware of the construction. As a result the best possible contract to be used with The Joint Contracts Tribunal approach is the Design and build contract.

The Design and build contract allows the architects to act as the main contractor and then they can carefully hand-pick the suitable contractors for each task and use themefficientlyunderdirectsupervision.Bythiscontractthedesignwillbeperfectlyexecutedandfinished.

Another possible contract, if the Design and build contract is not accepted by the clients, could be the traditional contract and the architects work as the designers and consultants and then clients have the freedom to choose their own contractor which might be thearchitecturaldesigningfirmaswell. Thismightgivemore control to the clients but as well can reduce the efficiency and accuracy of the outcome.

Funding

The funding will be partially achieved through the Southwark Council as the proposal has the value for general public and offering the residents of the area for a public square and market. The rest of the funding will be provided by the industries interested to invest and later occupy the units and expand their business to a higher level with using this new site with all its potentials.

A part of the funding will also be obtained through advanced marketing and selling of the residential or commercial units of the Ground Floor or upper levels of the proposal for those who are interested in buying the units or flats.

Procurement

Tate,R.(n.d.).AGuidetoStandardformsofConstructionContract.1sted.[ebook]SCALAandtheLocalGovernmentTaskForce.Availableat:http://constructingexcellence.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/standard_forms.pdf[Accessed3May2015].Jctltd.co.uk,(2015).DesignandBuild.[online]Availableat:http://www.jctltd.co.uk/design-and-build.aspx[Accessed3May2015].Designingbuildings.co.uk,(2015).Designandbuildprocurementroute-DesigningBuildingsWiki.[online]Availableat:http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Design_and_build_procurement_route[Accessed3May2015].

24

The Studio One study trip to south France was an inspiring adventure guiding through the phases of the design process. Visiting the Bastides and their market squares hadgreatinfluenceontheproposal.Therearesimilaritiesbetween the market squares and the suggested building for Dockley Road Industrial Estate.

The proposal incorporates a roofed courtyard designed in a form of a grid with the main building shifted to a side and sets of colonnades which create a public urban area which could be used for different types of activities while people are gathered to visit the market, and for other usage if the space is not occupied.

It has to be mentioned that beside the bastides, the market squares, and the other precedents the viaduct itself had great impact on the design.

Case Studies and precedents

Bastides of South France

1 and 2, Grenade Sur Garonne, 3 Gimont.

1

2

3

25

The Palazzo della Civilta Italiana in Rome was another precedent looked at and also an aspiration for using columns as part of the facade and having the building envelope set back to the rest of the building shell

The grandness , simplicity and empowering characters of this building all were sources of inspiration for the proposal, and as seen in the pictures the building has certain impact on the surrounding area.

Palazzo della Civilta Italiana

Flickr-PhotoSharing!,(2015).Civiltàintramonto.[online]Availableat:https://www.flickr.com/photos/78867146@N04/6964775650/[Accessed3May2015].BOOMSbeat,(2014).35PhotosofPalazzodellaCiviltàItalianainRomeItaly.[online]Availableat:http://www.boomsbeat.com/articles/9317/20141001/35-photos-of-palazzo-della-civilt%C3%A0-italiana-in-rome-italy.htm[Accessed3May2015].Pinterest.com,(2015).[online]Availableat:https://www.pinterest.com/nivekremas/architecture/[Accessed3May2015].

1

26

The other precedent used for this building is the Civil Government Building in Spain. This building is a massive construction set in a very urban area. The rectangular shape, the voids in the building and the layout were all influentialonthefinaldesignoftheproposalaswellasassuring that it is possible to create a large scale public building in a dense urban area.

Another element of interest from this building was the form and shape of the windows as they vary almost each one from the other.

Civil Government Building

Bluffton.edu,(2015).CivilGovernmentBuildingbyAlejandrodelaSotainTarragona,Spain.[online]Availableat:https://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/spain/tarragona/delasota/civil.html[Accessed3May2015].

27

The simple, effective and elegant design of the Chiswick House Cafe was also used as a precedent for both the main proposal and its adjacent building (which was omitted from the proposal through thedesign process).

This little building has well used the space and simply by adding a roofed section to the sides of the building used by public, it has created a connection of indoor and outdoor spaces.

Chiswick House Cafe

28

Design Development

Mass modelling

The mass modelling of the proposal in order to understandtheflawsofthedesignandachieveabetterunderstanding of the proposal within the context.

29

Alterations of the structural elements and their appearance and enhancing some features, while reducing some others, were part of the improvements applied through the design development.

30

The initial proposal consisted of a market hall on the ground floor witha mezzanine floor insidecovering some parts of the ground floor, and thefirst floor as an exhibitionhall, the upper parts were commercial or residential.

There was a suggestion of a small cafe adjacent to thebuilding(thelowerrowof drawings) which lateron was omitted due to the expansion of the main building in the next series of designs.

Early proposal drawingsUnapproved proposal

1:200 @ A2Left to Right:West elevation, South elevation and Elevation

31

In the future design progress the building will be as shown in the above drawings. It will sit well within the context and has various connections to the surrounding. A few to mention are the mass which is a connection to the great and tremendous space that the viaduct occupies over the city of London, the arches both on the Ground floor and on the openings on the facade of the upper floors, the height which is

a connection to the tall structures around the building shown earlier, from The Shard at the far North to the new developments next to it, or St Jame’s church on the other side of the viaduct, the modern design which is a representation of modernity brought to the area, and usage of brick which ties the building to the history of the site and the previous structure familiar to the eyes of the locals.

The approved design

1:500 @ A2GROUND FLOOR PLAN AND ENTRANCE CONFIGURATION IN CONTEXT

1:500 @ A2BUILDING IN CONTEXT

32

Professional context

Site plan

A1:2000sitemapofthesitefortheproposal,markedwithredline.NotethatthesiteextendsfromDockleyRoadIndustrialEstateoverSpaRoadtotheadjacent Business Estate.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m

33

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 m

Dockley Road Industrial Estate is located at Southeast London (SE16 3SF) and is betweenDockley Road, Rouel Road and Enid Street, and separated from the adjacent business estate on its northwest by Spa Road. It is also limited to the viaduct of National Rail and the arches underneath, on the east border.

34

1:200 @ A2 (INDIVIDUALLY)

TOP: BASEMENT (CAR PARK AREA) PLANBOTTOM: GROUND FLOOR (MARKET AREA) PLAN

Basement(carpark)andGroundFloorPlan

In accordance to document M step free access to the ground floor from either side has been provided anddesigned with proper width and radius to facilitate the entrance/exit of a wheelchair with or without assistance.

As part as document M also there is a designated access routetotheupperfloors(floors1to8)fromtheGroundfloor.

Theaccess to theGroundandupperfloors is shared ifentry is made from the basement by vehicle, since both residents and visitors will use the car park facility.

Building regulations

Access to and use of Buildings Means of access

Separateaccesstotheupperfloors

AccesstotheGroundfloor

Access to the building with vehicle

35


UPPER FLOOR PLANSTOP: RESIDENTIAL PLANBOTTOM: COMMERCIAL / OFFICE PLAN

UpperFloorsPlans(floors1to6)

As part of document M step free access at each floor (both residential level and commercial level) withsuitable free space for easy access and manoeuvre with wheelchair has been provided.

The access to the floors is achievable through both the cargo lift and the passenger lift and fire exit stair case is accessible as an alternative route.

Accessintheupperfloors

36


EXHIBITION HALL PLANSTOP: UPPER FLOOR PLANBOTTOM: LOWER FLOOR PLAN

Exhibitionhallplan(top:upperlevel,bottom:entrylevel)

Access to the exhibition hall levels following guidelines of document M has been made through different routes.

Access to the entry level of the exhibition hall is achievable by the step free access through the routes mentioned on the previous levels. A step free access with required width has been considered.

To access the upper storey of the exhibition hall is possible by the means of the cargo lift which will continue to the topstorey(thepassenger liftwill terminateattheentrylevel of the hall), or by the wide U shaped staircaseprovided.

Accessintheupperfloors

37




Following instructions of document M for lifts and staircases, from the basement to the top there is one staircase(indicatedinred),onepassengerlift(shownbyblue) and one cargo lift (marked in green).

Except from the staircase and the passenger lift which will endatthelowerleveloftheexhibitionhall(thehighestpartofthebuilding)thecargoliftextendstothelastfloor.

The same layout has been applied to the ground floorwith thedifference that there has beenan extrastaircase (highlighted in yellow)provided to reach theupper floors.

Thissecondarystaircaseterminatesatthe6thflooranddoes not reach the highest levels of exhibition hall.

Itshouldbenotedthatthesestaircasesarefireescapesand thus are structured according to the fire safetyregulations of document B.

For security reasons also the secondary staircase is only a fireescaperouteandthusupwardaccessisprohibitedwith all the doors opening inward into the staircase on theupperfloorsandopenoutwardontheGroundFloorlevel.

Lifts and stairs

38




Similar to the Ground floor, considering document M, there are several means of access to the floors 1 to 6 of the proposal.

Each floor is accessible through two separate staircases, one passenger lift and one cargo lift. The secondary staircase (marked inyellow)however isafire escape and not a public route, thus can not be used for daily access to the floors.

This staircase has direct entry to inside of each level and therefore special security measurements have to be considered and only one way doors will be fitted at their entry/exit point, in order to prevent unauthorized access to the levels.

39




The lifts and stairs provided for the last two floors areslightly different from the rest of the building.

Accesstothelowerfloorofthissectionofthebuildingisthroughthemainstaircasementionedearlier(colouredred) or via the two lifts (either passenger lift, blue, orcargo lift, green).

The cargo lift extends to the highest floor while thepassenger lift terminates at this level.

AccesstothelastfloorismadebytheUshapestaircaseturning around the cargo lift and ending at the upper floor,oritispossibletoreachthelastlevelbythecargolift.

As mentioned, neither the main staircase, nor the passenger lift extend to this level.

40

Basementlevel(carparkarea)

At the basement level where the car park is located, toilets for male (green), female (pink) and disabledpeople (blue) has been considered. According todocument M the following has been applied.

Maletoilets:1cubicle,2urinals,2washbasins.Femaletoilets:2cubicles,2washbasins.Disabledtoilet:selfsufficient.

Marketfloor

At the Ground floor where the market space will beplaced, according to document M one female toilet (pink),onemale(green)andonedisabledtoilet(blue)has been envisioned. Following the guidelines the units are as explained.

Maletoilets:2cubicles,2urinals,2washbasinsFemaletoilet:3cubicles,2washbasinsDisabledtoilet:selfsufficient

Toilets (Male,FemaleandDisabled)



41




On floors 1 to 6 depending of the purpose of the level (residential or commercial) the arrangement of thetoilets will differentiate to comply with document M.

On the commercial plan for each level toilets for each gender (male: green, female: pink) has beenallocated.One disabled accessible toilet (blue) hasalso been recognized.

On this level the toilets detail are as followingMale:1cubicle,2urinals,2washbasins.Female:2cubicles,2washbasins.Disabled:selfsufficient

On the residential floors however, according to document M, as there was no need for gender specific facilities, the toilets (marked in yellow)each includeone toilet, one wash basin and one bath tub. On each residentialfloorthereare4toilets(2ineachflat,whichoneis locatedinthemasterbedroom).

42



Exhibition hallTop:upperlevel,Bottom,entrancelevel)

At this level, being a semi-Public space and considering thepurposeofthesetwofloors,withregardstodocumentM,onemaletoilet(green),onefemaletoilet(pink)andonedisabledtoilet(blue)hasbeenconsidered.Allthesefacilities are on the lower level of this two storey section of the building.

Thedetailsofthefacilitiesare:Maletoilet:1cubicle,2urinals,2washbasins.Femaletoilet:2cubicles,2washbasinsDisabledtoilet:selfsufficient.

However,on the lastfloor (upperfloorof theexhibitionhall)therearenotoilets.This isduetothefactthatthelevel is designed only for showcasing the exhibits and thus having a wet area and toilets at this part may jeopardise the safe keeping of the exhibits.

As there are both stairs and a goods lift, thus the toilets in thelowerfloorareaccessiblewithoutdifficulty.

43




With consideration to the document B on the basement there are two separate outlets for emergency exit in case of fire.

The first exit is the staircase starting from the basement and extended to the exhibition hall. From the car park access to the ground level directly to the entrance lobby of the ground floor is possible.

The next exit of the basement is close to the car entrance area and is a step free ramp which directly opens to the outside area.

On the ground floor the two main entrances will be used as escape routes in case of fire and also there is an extra fire exit opening into the lobby of the Ground floor which leads directly to the outside area.

The secondary fire escape from the upper levels of floors1to6(showningreen)alsoopenstotheGroundfloor and from there the provided exits will be used.

It should be noted that according to building regulations the car park fire escape should not have direct access to the residential part of the building andthusthesecondaryfireescape(showningreen)does not extend to the level below the ground.

Fire safety

44




On floors 1 to 6 two in accordance to document B,separate fire escapes have been provided.

Themainfireescape(inred)extendsfromthebasementto the exhibition hall and connects all the levels to the Ground Floor. Direct access to this stair case on each floorispossiblethroughtheentrancelobbyofthefloor.

Thesecondaryescape(ingreen)whichonlyextendsfromthegroundfloortothe6thfloor,providesanalternativeroute for the residents in case of emergency.

Dependingon thefinalplanof the level (residentialorcommercial) the access to these fire escapes mightslightly differ as seen on the plans.

45


Fire safety regulations of document B have been applied to the exhibition hall level. The lower storey of the exhibition hall has access to the main fire escape (inred)whichextendsfromthebasementtothelowerlevel of the exhibition hall.

Access from the upper level of the exhibition hall to the fire exit is possible through the wide staircase connecting the two levels and then through the fire escape of the lower level of the hall as mentioned before.

There has been a controversy on extending the main fire escape stair case to the upper level of

the exhibition hall. This requires further analysis and investigation and cost evaluations. Installing a ramp for wheelchair along the staircase between the two levels of the hall might be another possibility.



46

For the purpose of ventilation following document F the coresofthefireescapestaircasesandtheshaftsofthetwo lifts will be used as ventilation channels.

Not only the concrete structure will act as a thermal mass butalsohavingthisductfromthebasement(orGroundfloor)extending to the topof thebuilding, itcreatesaventilation passage for the building.

Placing openings in this core will allow the movement of the air in and out according to the temperature.

Ventilation

47

Considering document K in the proposal several different measurements have been applied.

The rise of each stair is 190 mm with a going of 300 mm, and the overlap of 20 mm has been considered.

The handrail will be fixed at a level of 900 mm above the stairs and considering the width of the staircase (whichismorethan1000mm)oneachsidehandrailswill be fixed,

The headroom is 4000 mm (which is more than the2000mmrequiredbydocumentK)andthedistancebetween the door and the first step is more than the

required 400 mm according to document K.

The landing is 1100 mm which is approximately the width of the stairs .

Protection from falling, collisions and impact

900 mm

190 mm

4000 mm

300 mm

1175 mm

300 mm

1200 mm

1100 mm

20 mm

48

The material to be used for the structure will be mainly reinforced concrete due to the height and large spans used in the design. Also considering the vibrations from the viaduct, and the area the ground floor will cover a concrete frame grid will be used for the weight-bearing structure.

The walls will be masonry and the bricks used here are those re-used from the demolition of the existing masonry buildings of the site. Upon demolition the bricks will be collected and then re-used.

Environment, Services, Energy and Sustainability

MaterialWalls

49

The facade consists of two parts, the exposed structure and the arched openings. The structure will be built by insitu reinforced concrete as the large spans of the arches, the long roof, the colonnades and the tower above, require a strong and steady structure. This is more important as the building is close to the viaduct and constant vibration is unavoidable.

The arched openings will be precast prefabricated concrete because having the narrow and long sides will interfere with the pouring and settling of the concrete if it is done insitu. These will be built outside and then installed on the facade.

The walls as mentioned earlier will be built with red bricks which remain from the demolition of the existing buildings. The combination of red brick and concrete if used properly can create a pleasant and warm environment.

The images on the right are examples of the exposed concrete columns which stand before the real building envelope as a shell.

The lower picture is an illustration of the proper harmony achieved between warm red brick and cold grey concrete together.

Façade

Architectureserved.com,(2015).EnvironmentalResearchInstituteUCConArchitectureServed.[online]Availableat:http://www.architectureserved.com/gallery/950196/Environmental-Research-Institute-UCC[Accessed10May2015].Uic.edu,(2015).UniversityHall.[online]Availableat:http://www.uic.edu/depts/oaa/walkingtour/8uh.html[Accessed11May2015].TrendirModernHouseDesigns,(2015).OgrydziakPrillingerArchitectureofConcrete,BrickandGlass.[online]Availableat:http://www.trendir.com/house-design/ogrydziak-prillinger-architecture-of-concrete-brick-and-glass.html[Accessed11May2015].

50

The interior walls of the Ground floor and the envelope of the building on the upper floors will also be constructed with red brick.

In cases were hygiene is concerned, or for any specific reason brick is not appropriate, dry wall or gypsum will be substituted. The usage of red brick enhances the visual aesthetics and is easy on the eyes.

Also considering the mass of the building which is concrete, using red brick will provide some visual comfort and reduce the heaviness of the structure and possibly lighten the design.

Interior

Frearson,A.(2015).Wangstudio’sFCoffeeisaVietnamcafebuiltwithbrickarches.[online]Dezeen.Availableat:http://www.dezeen.com/2015/03/13/wangstudio-f-coffee-cafe-vietnam-brick-arches/[Accessed3May2015].

51

Consideringthebuildinggroundfloor(theskirtofthebuilding)iscoveringmostofthespaceonthesite,andthe tall tower above, the approach in landscaping will be providing space to the public for outdoor activity and to reduce the pressure and intensity of a huge building on the area.

By leaving empty spaces around the ground floor the design will smoothly integrate with the surrounding and it will avoid the feeling of oppression by the building on the area, especially as the viaduct with its great impact has already created a dramatical influence.

Landscaping

Boyd,B.(2011).MarthaSchwartzInterviewviaASLA’sTheDirt.[online]LandscapeInvocation.Availableat:http://landscapeinvocation.com/martha-schwartz-interview-via-aslas-the-dirt/[Accessed11May2015].Pinterest.com,(2015).[online]Availableat:https://www.pinterest.com/amandacamaraa/urbanismo/[Accessed11May2015].

52

In both residential (A) and commercial (B) plans themain services (shown in red) are positioned verticallyabove each other and in the same area and creating a sequence resulting in less usage of plumbing and pipelines for the surface used.

Infloorswhichmorethanoneservicelocationhasbeennecessary(wheretherearetwoindividualflatsoneachlevel,residentialseries,plans(A)inthepictureabove)itis tried to put the service area as close as possible and creating a cluster at one section (marked blue, andgreen).

In this way the scattering of service area around the total floorareahasbeengreatlyprevented.

Vertical connection and clustering

A B

53

The pictures above are a representation of one floor of the proposal. This sliced section will be repeated vertically and thus the same situation applies to the restof thefloors (floors1 to6).

The façade of the building on the southeast and southwest sides has been set back against the concrete frame structure. There are sets of arched shaped openings installed on the concrete framework which act as shades for the windows.

As seen on the above pictures due to the gap between the building and the facade and the use of the arched openings most of the façade which is exposed to extreme sunshine (the façades facingtowards south) are protected and in shade.

However to optimize the use of natural sunlight, the are large windows installed for places such as bedrooms, dining area and living area of the residential flats,

and the conference rooms, meeting area, kitchens and work spaces of the commercial spaces, while the openings for toilets, wash rooms, staircases, and etc. which do not require abundant sunlight have been designed as multiple but narrow openings with a shorter length.

The provided gap between the building and the facade also provides some degree of insulation since it isclosedatthebottom(therooftopoftheGroundfloor) and above (the building roof) and in front ispartially covered by the arched openings.

Solar exposure and partial insulation

2

4

5

1

3

1- nothwest facade2- southwest facade3- aerial view of the southwest corner of the building showing the gap between the frame structure and the building facade4- southeast facade5- southwest elevation

54

The building layout and design allows for maximised use ofdaylightandsunlight.ThewindowsoftheGroundfloorare all almost floor-to-ceiling and full length windowswhich allow for efficient use of natural light while theroof of theGround floor on the southern sidewith theextension over the actual building, provides shade to eliminate the direct sunlight and heat gain.

Ontheupperfloorswherenecessary,suchasbedroomsor dinning areas, large windows have been placed to facilitate the natural light entrance while in places such as stairways, toilets, bathrooms or similar, shorter or narrower windows have been placed. On the upper

floorsonthesouthsidethedesignofthefacadewiththesetting back of the building and the arched openings on the facade will prevent direct sunshine into the building to avoid excessive heat gain.

Theareawhichwillbenefitfromtheshadeasaresultofthe design has been coloured grey while an illustration of the openings are highlighted with yellow.

Energy usage and solar gain

N

N

55

1- maximising the daylight usage by large windows, and use of direct and local lighting with LED light bulbs or Energy SavingCFL (Compact Fluorescent Light Bulb).

2- maximising sunlight usage by open spaces around the structure, while reducing the heat by the roofed courtyard and covered area.

3- using direct and local lighting with LED lights, and application of energy efficient light bulbs or Energy

Saving CFL (Compact Fluorescent Light Bulb), if thespace requires enhanced lighting.

4-usingenergyefficientlightbulbsorEnergySavingCFL(CompactFluorescent LightBulb) if local lighting isnotpossible, and using internal windows to reduce the need forartificiallightinginclosedinnerspaces.

Artificial lighting, reduced demand and energy saving

1

2

3

4

56

1January9am(1),12pm(2),3pm(3) 1April7am(4),10am(5),2pm(6),5pm(7)

Sun path and shadow study

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

57

1July6am(1),9am(2),2pm(3),4pm(4) 1October7am(5),10am(6),1pm(7),5pm(8)

1

2

3

4

5 6

7 8

58

The proposal is a reinforced concrete building which is constructed as an interlocking grid, with the pile foundation which is built under the basement of the structure.

The parts of the building outside of the tower, which fall outofthegroundfloorhaveafoundationwithpileswitha shorter length as they only have to hold the weight of the roof above the area.

Theabovedrawings show (only) the structurewhich isunder the ground level which includes the basement (thecarpark)andtheactualfoundationbeneathit,andthe parts of the foundation which only will be holding the columns which carry the weight of extended roof structure.

Structure, construction and materials

StructureFoundation and substructure

59

The structure above the ground is a continuation of the columns from the basement and with the support of three cores which will stabilize the building against tension caused by wind or any twist in the building.

These cores are the fire escape staircase at the eastside of the building, the 2 elevator shafts for goods and passenger lift,andthesecondaryfireescapestaircaseat the west side of the building.

These elements could be seen in the drawings above, which are from below the structure looking upward.

Over the ground structure

60

The complete structure of the building is shown in these four drawings.

The core foundation of the whole stricture which is responsible for the load of the building is shown in light blue while the pillars which only hold the roof outside ofthegroundfloorareindicatedinlightyellow.

The 3 cores which hold the structure against twist and tension are presented in three shades or red which can be seen below.

The complete structure

61

The exterior wall and façade has a few main components withoutconsideringthefinishesandthedetails.

The concrete slabs and beams which hold the structure andareflooredwithconcreteaspartofthestructure.

Above this is the external wall which sits back from the concrete framing for 1000 mm on the south side façades.

On the concrete frame there are arched like openings placed in various distances.

On the wall the large wooden framed windows are placedwhicharethenfittedwith largedoubleglazingglass.

Wall and facade structure

Glass panel

Window frame

Arched openings on Façade

Concretefloorandthebrickwall

in-situ concrete frame structure

62

Carpark(basement):

1- ramp access to car park2-fireexitwithrampaccess to external space3- male toilets4- female toilets5-fireescape6- disabled toilet7- goods lift

8- passenger lift9- bike lock rack10,11 - disabled parking space

GroundFloor:

1, 11- market entrance/exit2- disabled toilet3- male toilets4- female toilets5-fireescape6-fireexit7- goods lift8- passenger lift

9- cold storage area10- storage space11,1- market entrance/exit 12-secondaryfireescape

Architectural drawings

Plans and section Basement and Ground floor (1:500)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1110

673 4 5 112 8 91 10

12

Potential spaces for trade and commerce in the market

63

Commercialplan:

1-groundfloorroof2-fireescape3- female toilets4- male toilets5- disabled toilet6- entrance lobby7- goods lift8- passenger lift

9- conference area10- meeting space11- market space sky lights12-officespace13-secondaryfireescape14- lobby15- personnel refreshment space

Residentialplan:

1- service duct 2- laundry area3- toilet4-fireescape5- entrance lobby6- goods lift7- passenger lift8- dining area

9- toilet10- master bedroom toilet11- master bedroom12- kitchen13- living room14- bedroom15-secondaryfireescape

Floors 1 to 6 Residential/Commercial plans (1:500)

64

Exhibition hall (UpperandLowerfloors)

1-groundfloorroof2- female toilets3-fireescape4- male toilets5- disabled toilet6- service duct7- entrance lobby

8- goods lift9- passenger lift10-stairs(toupperlevel)11- exhibition area12- second roof top

Exhibition hall plan (1:500)

6 73 4 52 8 91 10 11 12

81 10 11 12

65

Section(Nottoscale)

The following parts are indicated in the section:

(The section is through thesecondary fire escapemarked with light brown)

1- the staircase connecting the lower and upper levels of the exhibition hall2- the section through a residential floor3- the section through a commercial floor4- the entrance lobby to the upper floors

5- the passenger lift6- the goods lift7- the entrance/exit to the Ground Floor8- the foundation piles9-thebasement(carpark)10- the outdoor colonnade space11- the large windows of

the Ground Floor12- the secondary firee s c a p e13- the lower level of the exhibition hall14- the upper level of the exhibition hall

1

2

3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11

12

14

13

66

The illustration above is a representation of the spaces on theGroundFloor.Aspacialconfigurationofthemarketwith stores and equipments.

Spacial illustration

67

Upperdiagram:

Thecourseoftheenteringofavehicle(indicatedinreddashedline),itsstoppinginaparkingbay,andtheexit(green dashed line) is shown on the car park plan. Inaddition the path that a possible passenger might take after leaving the vehicle to enter either the market area (Ground Floor) or the upper floors has been indicated(coloured in blue). It should be noted that from thebasementtheentrytotheGroundfloorandtheUpperfloorswillbethesame.

Lowerdiagram:

The purple dashed line shows the path that a visitor might possibly take when entered the Ground Floor. To clarify and avoid confusion it must be mentioned the horizontal wall-like structures between the columns at the central walkway are not walls but impressions of the arched like ornaments added between the columns at the ceiling

levelshownonthefloor,whichareillustratedonthe3DpresentationoftheGroundfloorpreviously.

Circulations and habitationBasement and Ground Floor



68

Upper FloorsFloors 1 to 6

Upperdiagram:

Thecirculationofaresidentofeitherflatsonaresidentiallevelhasbeenillustrated(indicatedingreenforoneflatandbluefortheother).thisisapossiblemovementwithinthe area.

Thepaththroughtothefireescapefromeithersideshasalso been shown on both flats (marked in red),whichultimately will end up at the same place.

Lowerdiagram:

On the lower drawing the possible path taken by an employee in the commercial level (the offices orworkshops) has been shown (marked in yellow) asa suggestionof the real condition. Theway to the fireescapeincaseofanyincident,alsohasbeenadded(inred) to the circulation.



69

Exhibition hall levelUpperandlowerfloors

Upperdiagram:Exhibitionhall:upperfloor

This diagram is an illustration of the circulation of a visitor onthewayfromthelowerfloortotheupperstorey,andthe possible movements around the area.

Lowerdiagram:Exhibitionhall:lowerfloor

This diagram is a representation of the paths taken by a visitor upon entering the space and moving around as well as thepath leading to theupper floor should thevisitor take the stairs instead of the goods lift.



70

1:500 @ A1

TOP: SOUTHWEST ELEVATION AND VIEW BOTTOM: SOUTHEAST ELEVATION AND VIEW

Proposal in context

71

1:500 @ A1

TOP: SOUTHWEST ELEVATION AND VIEW BOTTOM: SOUTHEAST ELEVATION AND VIEW

72

Façades

73

Sections and detailsOverview

OriginalDrawing1:200@A1

The approximate location of the second section

The approximate location of the third section

The approximate location of the first section

74

Windowandwallconstructiondetails1:5

1- Air cavity2- Thermal Insulation in Cavity3- Outer Brick Wall4- Pressed Steel Lintel5- Cavity Closer6- Drainage Groove7- Seal

8- Timber Framed Window9- Internal Plaster/Dry Wall10- Inner Brick Wall11- Inner Pre-cast Concrete Lintel12- Reinforcement13- Double Glazed Window14- Timber Inner Cill

Ground Floor window

1

2

3

4

5

7

814

8

12

11

10

9

13

6

The detail shown here is for the windows on the Ground Floor at the market space (not on the floors 1 to 6 of the tower)where the brick walls are set within the concreteframestructureandfixedlargewindows are placed on the brick walls with timber frame.

Watts,A.(2001).Modernconstructionhandbook.Wien[Austria]:Springer.

75

Floorandwindowconstructiondetails1:5

1- Double Glazing Window2- Inner Brick Layer3- Parquet4-UnderfloorHeating5- Cement Screen6- Steel Frame7- Lightweight Concrete8- Gutter To Main Drainage Pipe9-Concrete(ExposedOnTheOutside)10- Thermal Insulation

11- Internal Plaster12- Outer Brick Layer13- Wooden Frame14- Cement Board15- Grit16- Stainless Steel Gutter17- Vapour Barrier18- Gutter Connection To Outside Drain19- Seal

Floor and window details

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

2

1

13

12

14

15

16

17

18

19

13

12

The details shown here are from the 6th floor ceilingwhere above that the 7th floor (the exhibition hall)covers a smaller space and thus parts of the rooftop are exposed and are outside area, hence the placement of the gutters beneath the window and further away.

DETAIL review of Architecture, Roofs, Vol 1, 2015

76

Theconcreteslabsconstructiondetails1:5

1- Outer Brick Layer2- Thermal Insulation3- Air Cavity4- Cold Bridge Barrier5- Soft Joint6- Parquet

7- Cement Screen8- Under Floor Heating9- Vapour Barrier10- Thermal Insulation Board11-ConcreteSlab(ExposedInTheExterior)12- Inner Brick Layer13- Internal Plater/Dry Wall

Concrete slab details1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Schoeck.co.uk,(2012).Download-SchöckLtd.[online]Availableat:http://www.schoeck.co.uk/en_gb/download-uk/isokorb--12[Accessed6May2015].

The cold bridge caused by the concrete slab extending from interior to the exterior is prevented by the structure shown here. The Schock Isokorb with its components eliminates the exterior cold to enter the interior of the building through the slabs. This structure is laid in the concrete prior to it being poured in the casts.

78

1.Architectureserved.com,(2015).EnvironmentalResearchInstituteUCConArchitectureServed.[online]Availableat:http://www.architectureserved.com/gallery/950196/Environmental-Research-Institute-UCC[Accessed10May2015].2.Baden-Powell,C.,Hetreed,J.andRoss,A.(2011).Architect’spocketbook.Burlington,Mass.:ArchitecturalPress.3.Bluffton.edu,(2015).CivilGovernmentBuildingbyAlejandrodelaSotainTarragona,Spain.[online]Availableat:https://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/spain/tarragona/delasota/civil.html[Accessed3May2015].4.BOOMSbeat,(2014).35PhotosofPalazzodellaCiviltàItalianainRomeItaly.[online]Availableat:http://www.boomsbeat.com/articles/9317/20141001/35-photos-of-palazzo-della-civilt%C3%A0-italiana-in-rome-italy.htm [Accessed3May2015].5.Boyd,B.(2011).MarthaSchwartzInterviewviaASLA’sTheDirt.[online]LandscapeInvocation.Availableat:http://landscapeinvocation.com/martha-schwartz-interview-via-aslas-the-dirt/[Accessed11May2015].6.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).AccesstoandUseofBuildings(approveddocumentM).NBS,partofRIBAEnterpriseLtd.7.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).ConservationifFuelandPower(approveddocumentL).NBS,partofRIBAEnterpriseLtd.8.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).FireSafety(approveddocumentB).NBS,partofRIBAEnterprise Ltd.9.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).ProtectionfromFalling,CollisionsandImpact(approveddocumentK).NBS,partofRIBAEnterpriseLtd.10.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).ResistancetoSound(approveddocumentE).NBS,part of RIBA Enterprise Ltd.11.DepartmentforCommunitiesandLocalGovernment,(2012).Ventilation(approveddocumentF).NBS,partofRIBA Enterprise Ltd.12.Deplazes,A.(2005).Architekturkonstruieren.Basel[u.a.]:Birkhauser.13.Designingbuildings.co.uk,(2015).Designandbuildprocurementroute-DesigningBuildingsWiki.[online]Availableat:http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Design_and_build_procurement_route[Accessed3May2015].14.Detailreviewofarchitectureandconstructiondetails.(2015).1sted.Munich:InstitutfürinternationaleArchitektur-Dokumentation GmbH & Co. KG, p.22.15.Endole.co.uk,(2015).CompaniesinSE163SF,DockleyRoadIndustrialEstate,DockleyRoad,London-Endole.[online]Availableat:http://www.endole.co.uk/company-by-postcode/se16-3sf[Accessed3May2015].16.Flickr-PhotoSharing!,(2015).Civiltàintramonto.[online]Availableat:https://www.flickr.com/photos/78867146@N04/6964775650/[Accessed3May2015].17.Frearson,A.(2015).Wangstudio’sFCoffeeisaVietnamcafebuiltwithbrickarches.[online]Dezeen.Availableat:http://www.dezeen.com/2015/03/13/wangstudio-f-coffee-cafe-vietnam-brick-arches/[Accessed3May2015].18.Jctltd.co.uk,(2015).DesignandBuild.[online]Availableat:http://www.jctltd.co.uk/design-and-build.aspx[Accessed3May2015].19.Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=Historical_Selection&tooltip=Hist_tips[Accessed2May2015].20.Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=Planning&tooltip=Plan_tips&banner=planning[Accessed2May2015].21.Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/index.jsp?tooltip=yes[Accessed2May2015].22.Maps.southwark.gov.uk,(2015).StratusConnect.[online]Availableat:http://maps.southwark.gov.uk/connect/southwark.jsp?mapcfg=TPOs&banner=TPO&tooltip=TPO_tips[Accessed5May2015].23.Neufert,E.,Neufert,P.,Baiche,B.andWalliman,N.(2000).Architects’data.Oxford:BlackwellScience.24.NewBuildCarParkGuidelines.(2010).1sted.WestSussex:TheBritishParkingAssociation.25.ParkingStandards.(2015).1sted.[ebook]departmentofEnvironment.Availableat:http://www.planningni.gov.uk/downloads/parking-standards.pdf[Accessed6May2015].26.Pinterest.com,(2015).[online]Availableat:https://www.pinterest.com/amandacamaraa/urbanismo/[Accessed11May2015].27.Pinterest.com,(2015).[online]Availableat:https://www.pinterest.com/nivekremas/architecture/[Accessed3May2015].28.ReadingBoroughCouncil,(2011).RevisedParkingStandardsandDesign.Reading:ReadingBoroughCouncil.29.RECKLI,(2015).RECKLI.[online]Availableat:http://www.reckli.net/[Accessed3May2015].30.Schoeck.co.uk,(2012).Download-SchöckLtd.[online]Availableat:http://www.schoeck.co.uk/en_gb/download-uk/isokorb--12[Accessed6May2015].31.Southwark.gov.uk,(2015).BermondseySpamasterplan|BermondseySpamasterplan|SouthwarkCouncil.[online]Availableat:http://www.southwark.gov.uk/info/200180/bermondsey_spa/1144/bermondsey_spa_masterplan[Accessed3May2015].32.Spa-terminus.co.uk,(2015).Map|SpaTerminus.[online]Availableat:http://www.spa-terminus.co.uk/map/[Accessed3May2015].33.Tate,R.(n.d.).AGuidetoStandardformsofConstructionContract.1sted.[ebook]SCALAandtheLocalGovernmentTaskForce.Availableat:http://constructingexcellence.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/standard_forms.pdf[Accessed3May2015].34.TrendirModernHouseDesigns,(2015).OgrydziakPrillingerArchitectureofConcrete,BrickandGlass.[online]Availableat:http://www.trendir.com/house-design/ogrydziak-prillinger-architecture-of-concrete-brick-and-glass.html[Accessed11May2015].35.Uic.edu,(2015).UniversityHall.[online]Availableat:http://www.uic.edu/depts/oaa/walkingtour/8uh.html[Accessed11May2015].36.Watts,A.(2001).Modernconstructionhandbook.Wien[Austria]:Springer.

Bibliography

integrated design audit (ida) report

Documents