integrated chinese level 1 character formations...

Integrated Chinese I, Part 1 — Character FormationChronological by Lesson

(Lessons 1-11, including Radicals and Numerals)

Character Form Types

A B C

FED

G H I

!e nine shapes above are the basic forms that represent various Chinese character compositions. !is set is somewhat modified from an original set of 12 Descriptive Shapes. !e first, Type A, generally represents a pictographic character, i.e., a character which originally came from a picture or drawing. Most of the radicals introduced in this textbook are of this type, and their original pictographs can be seen on the next page. Types B and C represent the most common combina-tions, split in half either vertically or horizontally, respectively. Type D represents characters that are made by enclosing other components. Similar to Types B and C, Types E and F are split either vertically or horizontally, but with three sec-tions each. Types G, H, and I are more detailed variants of Types B and C. One of these nine shapes will precede each of the characters on the following pages as an indication of how a given character is contructed.

　 Integrated Chinese ▲ Level 1 ▲ Character Formations 1▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

© 2007 Jeffrey J. Hayden

Radicals

!e following pictographic drawings are taken from the 《說文解字》 (Shuō Wén Jiě Zì, Explanations of Simple Graphs and Analyses of Composite Graphs) the classic graphic dictionary completed around 100ad (during the Eastern Han dy-nasty). Each entry in the Radicals and Numbers sections below is presented first with its Type, then the Chinese character, then the Pinyin, followed by the original pictograph, and finally its gloss as provided throughout the textbook. Entries for compound characters for Lessons 1-11 provide a deconstruction of the components that go into the character formation generally based on more familiar modern elements. Where a component provides a phonetic clue to the pronunciation of a character, the Pinyin is provided (partial clues are partially underlined).

Type Character Pinyin Pictograph Gloss

人／亻 rén man; person

刀／刂 dāo 刀 knife

力 lì 力 power

又 yòu 又 right hand

口 kǒu 口 mouth

囗 wéi enclosure

土 tǔ earth

夕 xī sunset

大 dà 大 big; large

女 nǚ 女 female; woman

子 zǐ son; child

寸 cùn inch

小 xiǎo little; small; young

工 gōng labor; work

幺 yāo tiny; small

2　 Integrated Chinese ▲ Level 1 ▲ Character Formations ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼



弓 gōng bow

心／忄 xīn 心 heart

戈 gē dagger-axe

手／扌 shǒu 手 hand

日 rì sun

月 yuè moon

木 mù wood

水／氵 shuǐ water

火／灬 huǒ fire

田 tián field

目 mù eye

示／礻 shì to show; to reveal

糸 mì fine silk

耳 ěr 耳 ear

衣／衤 yī 衣 clothing

言 yán 言 speech; word

貝 bèi cowry (shell)

走 zǒu to walk

足 zú foot

Character Formations ▲ Lessons 1-11 　3▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼



金 jīn metal; gold

門 mén 门 door; gate

隹 zhuī short-tailed bird

雨 yú rain

食 shí to eat

馬 mǎ 马 horse

Numerals


一 yī one

二 èr two

三 sān three

四 sì four

五 wǔ 五 five

六 liù six

七 qī seven

八 bā eight

九 jiǔ nine

十 shí 十 ten



Lesson 1

Type Character Character Formation Pinyin Gloss

先 = 止 ‘step’ + 儿 ‘man’ → xiān first

生 = → shēng born

你 = 亻 ‘person’ + 尔 ‘you’ (simplified) → nǐ you

好 = 女 ‘female’ + 子 ‘child’ → hǎo good; fine; O.K.

小 = 小 → xiǎo little; small

姐 = 女 ‘female’ + 且 qiě → jiě older sister

王 = 王 → wáng (a surname); king

李 = 木 ‘wood’ + 子 ‘child’ → lǐ (a surname); plum

請／请 = 言 ‘speech’ + 青 qīng → qǐng please; to invite

問／问 = 門 mén ‘door’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → wèn ask

您 = 你 nǐ ‘you’ + 心 xīn ‘heart’ → nín you (polite)

貴／贵 = 中 ‘middle’ + 一 ‘one’ + 貝 bèi ‘cowry (shell)’ → guì honorable; expensive

姓 = 女 ‘female’ + 生 shēng ‘born’ → xìng surname

我 = 手 ‘hand’ + 戈 gē ‘axe’ → wǒ I; me

呢 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 尼 ne → ne QP

叫 = 口 ‘mouth’ + ! jiū → jiào call

什(甚) = 亻 ‘person’ + 十 shí → shén *what

麼／么 = 麻 má + 幺 ‘small’ → me *QP

　 Integrated Chinese ▲ Level 1 ▲ Character Formations 5▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼



名 = 夕 ‘evening’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → míng name

字 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 子 zǐ → zì character

朋 = 月 ‘moon’ + 月 ‘moon’ → péng friend

友 = 手 ‘hand’ + 又 yòu ‘right hand’ → yǒu friend

是 = 日 ‘sun’ + 正 ‘correct’ → shì be

老 = 爻 yào + 匕 ‘ladle’ → lǎo old

師／师 = " ‘elevation’ + 一 ‘one’ + 巾 ‘sash’ → shī teacher

嗎／吗 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 馬 mǎ → ma QP

不 = 不 → bù not; no

學／学 = # xué [臼 ‘mortar’ + 爻 yào + 冖 ‘roof’] + 子 ‘child’ → xué study

也 = 也 → yě also; too

中 = 中 → zhōng center; middle

國／国 = 囗 ‘enclosure’ + 或 huò → guó country

人 = 人 → rén man; person

美 = 羊 ‘sheep’ + 大 ‘big’ → měi beautiful



Lesson 2


那／那 = 冄 ‘fur’ + 阝 ‘town’ → nà / nèi that

張／张 = 弓 ‘bow’ + 長 cháng → zhāng M

照 = 日 ‘sun’ + 召 zhào + 灬 ‘fire’ → zhào to shine

片 = 片 → piàn *film; slice

的 = 白 ‘white’ + 勺 ‘spoon’ → de P

這／这 = 言 ‘speech’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → zhè(i) this

爸 = 父 ‘father’ + 巴 bā → bà dad

媽／妈 = 女 ‘female’ + 馬 mǎ → mā mom

個／个 = 亻 ‘person’ + 固 gù → gè M (general)

男 = 田 ‘field’ + 力 ‘power’ → nán male

孩 = 子 ‘child’ + 亥 hài → hái child

子 = 子 → zǐ son

誰／谁 = 言 ‘speech’ + 隹 zhuī → shéi who

他 = 亻 ‘person’ + 也 yě → tā he

弟 = → dì younger brother

女 = 女 → nǚ female

妹 = 女 ‘female’ + 未 wèi → mèi younger sister

她 = 女 ‘female’ + 也 yě → tā she




兒／儿 = 臼 ‘mortar’ + 儿 ‘man’ → ér son; child

有 = 手 ‘hand’ + 月 (orig. 肉 ròu ‘meat’) → yǒu to have;there is/are

沒(没) = 氵 ‘water’ + 殳 shū ‘to kill’ → méi (to have) not

高 = → gāo tall

家 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 豕 ‘pig’ → jiā family; home

幾／几 = 幺 yáo + 戍 ‘garrison’ → jǐ QP; how many

哥 = 可 kě + 可 kě → gē older brother

兩／两 = → liǎng two; a couple of

和 = 禾 hé + 口 ‘mouth’ → hé (huo) and / *warm

做 = 亻 ‘person’ + 故 gù → zuò to do

英／英 = 英 ‘grass’ + 央 yāng → yīng *England

文 = 文 → wén script

律 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 聿 yù → lǜ law; rule

都／都 = 者 ‘one who does’ + 阝 ‘town’ → dōu all; both

醫／医 = 医 yī + 殳 ‘staff’ + 酉 ‘fermented product’ → yī medicine; doctor



Lesson 3


月 = 月 → yuè moon; month

號／号 = 号 hào + 虎 hǔ ‘tiger’ → hào number

星 = 日 ‘sun’ + 生 shēng ‘born’ → xīng star

期 = 其 qī + 月 ‘moon’ → qī period (of time)

天 = 一 ‘one’ + 大 ‘big’ → tiān sky; day

日 = 日 → rì day

今 = 人 ‘person’ + 一 ‘one’ + 今 jí → jīn today; now

年 = 禾 ‘grain’ + 千 ‘thousand’ → nián year

多 = 夕 ‘sunset’ → duō many

大 = 大 → dà big

歲／岁 = 止 ‘to step’ + 戌 ‘spear’ + 步 ‘step’ → suì age

吃 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 乞 qì → chī eat

晚／晚 = 日 ‘sun’ + 免 miǎn → wǎn evening; late

飯／饭 = 食 ‘food’ + 反 fǎn → fàn meal

怎 = 乍 zhà + 心 ‘heart’ → zěn *how

樣／样 = 木 ‘wood’ + 羕 yàng → yàng kind

太 = 大 ‘big’ + 一 ‘one’ → tài too; extremely

了 = 了 → le P




謝／谢 = 言 ‘speech’ + 射 shè → xiè to thank

喜 = 十 ‘ten’ + 豆 ‘bean’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → xǐ *like; happy

歡／欢 = 雚 guàn + 欠 ‘to exhale’ → huān joyful

還／还 = 睘 huán + 辶 ‘movement’ → hái/huán still; yet

可 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 丁 dīng → kě but

們／们 = 亻 ‘person’ + 門 mén → men *(plural suffix)

點／点 = 黑 ‘black’ + 占 zhàn → diǎn dot; o’clock

鐘／钟 = 金 ‘metal’ + 童 tóng → zhōng clock

半 = 八 ‘eight’ + 牛 ‘ox’ → bàn half

上 = 上 → shàng above; top

見／见 = 目 ‘eye’ + 儿 ‘man’ → jiàn see

再 = 再 → zài again

白 = 白 → bái white

現／现 = 玉 ‘jade’ + 見 jiàn → xiàn now

在 = 才 cái + 土 ‘earth’ → zài at; in; on

刻 = 亥 hài + 刂 ‘knife’ → kè quarter (hour)

明 = 日 ‘sun’ + 月 ‘moon’ → míng bright

忙 = 忄 ‘heart’ + 亡 wáng → máng busy




很 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 艮 gěn → hěn very

事 = 一 ‘one’ + 口 ‘mouth’ + 肀 ‘pen’ → shì affair; matter

為／为 = → wéi/wèi for

因 = 囗 ‘enclosure’ + 大 ‘big’ → yīn because

同 = 冂, ‘cover’ + 一 ‘one’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → tóng same

認／认 = 言 ‘speech’ + 忍 rěn → rèn to recognize

識／识 = 言 ‘speech’ + 戠 shì → shí to recognize



Lesson 4


週／周 = 周 zhōu ‘week’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → zhōu week

末 = 一 ‘one’ + 木 mù ‘tree’ → mò end

打 = 扌 ‘hand’ + 丁 dīng ‘nail’ → dǎ to hit; to strike

球 = 玉 ‘jade’ + 求 qiú → qiú ball

看 = 手 ‘hand’ + 目 ‘eye’ → kàn to see; to look

電／电 = 雨 ‘rain’ + 电 (申 shēn) → diàn electric

視／视 = 示 shì ‘to reveal’ + 見 ‘to see’ → shì to view

唱 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 昌 chàng → chàng to sing

歌 = 哥 gē + 欠 ‘to wheeze; to owe’ → gē song

跳 = 足 ‘foot’ + 兆 zhào → tiào to jump

舞 = 無 wǔ + 舛 ‘to oppose’ → wǔ to dance

聽／听 = 耳 ‘ear’ + 壬 tǐng + $ ‘virtue’ → tīng to listen

音 = 立 ‘to stand’ + 日 ‘sun’ → yīn sound; music

樂／乐 = 幺 yào + 白 ‘white’ + 木 ‘tree’ → yuè music

對／对 = 业 ‘industry’ + 羊 ‘sheep’ + 寸 ‘inch’ → duì correct; toward

時／时 = 日 ‘sun’ + 寺 sì → shí time

候 = 亻 ‘person’ + 侯 hóu → hòu to wait

書／书 = 聿 ‘pen’ + 曰 yuē ‘to say’ → shū book




影 = 日 ‘sun’ + 京 jīng + 彡 ‘feathers’ → yǐng shadow

常 = 尚 shàng + 巾 ‘towel’ → cháng often

去 = 土 ‘earth’ + 厶（凵） qū ‘basin’ → qù to go

外 = 夕 ‘sunset’ + 卜 ‘diviner’ → wài outside

客 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 各 gè → kè guest

昨 = 日 ‘sun’ + 乍 zhà → zuó yesterday

所(所) = 戶 ‘body’ + 斤 ‘catty (unit of wt.)’ → suǒ *so; place

以 = 厶 ‘basin’ + 人 ‘person’ → yǐ with

久 = 丿 ‘slant stroke’ + 人 ‘person’ → jiǔ long time

錯／错 = 金 ‘metal’ + 昔 xī → cuò wrong; error

想 = 相 xiàng + 心 ‘heart’ → xiǎng to think

覺／觉 = # xué / xiáo + 見 ‘to see’ → jué / jiào feel; reckon

得 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 旦 dān + 寸 ‘inch’ → dé to obtain; to get

意 = 音 yīn + 心 ‘heart’ → yì meaning

思 = 田 ‘field’ + 心 ‘heart’ → sī to think

只 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 八 ‘eight’ → zhǐ only

睡／睡 = 目 ‘eye’ + 垂 chuí → shuì to sleep

算 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 目 ‘eye’ + 廾 ‘hold together’ → suàn to calculate; to figure

找 = 扌 ‘hand’ + 戈 ‘axe’ → zhǎo to look for; to seek

別／别 = 另 ‘other’ + 刂 ‘knife’ → bié other



Lesson 5


呀 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 牙 yá → ya P

進／进 = 隹 ‘short-tailed bird’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → jìn to enter

快 = 忄 ‘heart’ + 夬 ‘to divide’ → kuài fast; quick

來／来 = 木 ‘wood’ + 人 ‘person’ → lái come

介 = 人 ‘person’ + 八 ‘eight’ → jiè between

紹／绍 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 召 zhào → shào to carry on

下 = 下 → xià below; under

興／兴 = 臼 ‘mortar’ + 同 ‘same’ + 一 ‘one’ + 八 ‘eight’ → xìng, xīng mood; interest

漂 = 氵 ‘water’ + 票 piào → piào *pretty; to float

亮／亮 = 亠 ‘cover’ + 口 ‘mouth’ + 冗 ‘mixed; extra’ → liàng bright

坐 = 人 ‘person’ + 土 ‘earth’ → zuò sit

哪／哪 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 那 nà → nǎ / něi which

工 = 工 → gōng labor; work

作 = 亻 ‘person’ + 乍 zhà → zuò to work; to do

校 = 木 ‘wood’ + 交 jiāo → xiào school

喝 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 曷 hé → hē to drink

茶／茶 = 英 ‘grass’ + 人 ‘person’ + 木 ‘wood’ → chá tea

咖 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 加 jiā → kā *coffee

啡 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 非 fēi → fēi *coffee




啤 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 卑 bēi → pí *beer

酒 = 氵 ‘water’ + 酉 yǒu ‘fermented product’ → jiǔ wine; liquor

吧 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 巴 bā → ba P

要 = 西 xī + 女 ‘female’ → yào to want

杯 = 木 ‘wood’ + 丕 pī → bēi cup; glass

起 = 走 ‘to walk’ + 己 jí → qǐ to rise

給／給 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 合 ‘to join’ → gěi to give; for

水 = 水 → shuǐ water

玩 = 玉 ‘jade’ + 元 yuán → wán play; visit

圖／圖 = 囗 ‘to surround’ + 口 ‘mouth’ + 亠 ‘cover’ + 回 ‘return’ → tú drawing

館／馆 = 食 ‘to eat’ + 官 guān → guǎn accomodations

瓶 = 并 bìng + 瓦 ‘ceramic’ → píng bottle

聊 = 耳 ‘ear’ + 卯 mǎo → liáo to chat

才 = 才 ‘hand’ → cái not until; only

回 = 囗 ‘to surround’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → huí to return



Lesson 6


話／话 = 言 ‘speech’ + 舌 ‘tongue’ → huà speech

喂 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 畏 wèi → wèi Hello!; Hey!

就 = 京 ‘capital’ + 尤 yóu → jiù just

位 = 亻 ‘person’ + 立 lì ‘to stand’ → wèi M (polite)

午 = 午 → wǔ noon

間／间 = 門 mén ‘door’ + 日 ‘sun’ → jiān M (for rooms)

題／题 = 是 shì + 頁 ‘page’ → tí topic; question

開／开 = 門 ‘door’ + 幵 ‘to raise in both hands’ → kāi open

會／会 = 人 ‘person’ + 曾 ‘to add’ → huì to meet

節／节 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 即 jì → jié M (for classes)

課／课 = 言 ‘speech’ + 果 guǒ → kè class; lesson

級／级 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 及 jí → jí grade; level

考 = 爻 yào + 亏 ‘to lose’ → kǎo to test

試／试 = 言 ‘speech’ + 式 shì → shì try

後／后 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 幺 ‘fine thread’ + 夂 zhí ‘to follow’ → hòu after

空 = 穴 ‘cavern’ + 工 gōng → kōng, kòng empty; free time

方 = 方 → fāng square; side

便 = 亻 ‘person’ + 更 gèng → biàn, pián convenient; *cheap




到 = 至 ‘to arrive at’ + 刂 ‘knife’ → dào to go to; to arrive

辦／办 = 辛 ‘spicy’ + 力 ‘power’ → bàn to manage

公 = 八 ‘eight’ + 厶 ‘private’ → gōng public

室 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 至 zhì → shì room

行 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 亍 ‘right foot step ’ → xíng / háng all right; O.K. / firm

等 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 寺 ‘temple’ → děng to wait

氣／气 = 氣 ‘gas’ + 米 mǐ → qì air

幫／帮 = 封 fēng + 帛 bó ‘silk; wealth’ → bāng to help

練／练 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 柬 jiǎn → liàn to drill

習／习 = 羽 ‘feathers’ + 白 ‘white’ → xí to practice

説／说 = 言 ‘speech’ + 兌 ‘to exchange’ → shuō to speak

啊／啊 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 阿 a → a P

但 = 亻 ‘person’ + 旦 dàn → dàn but

知 = 矢 shǐ ‘arrow’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → zhī to know

道／道 = 首 ‘head’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → dào road; way



Lesson 7


跟 = 足 ‘foot’ + 艮 gěn → gēn with; and

助 = 且 (qiě) zǔ + 力 ‘power’ → zhù to assist

復／复 = 彳 ‘left foot step’ + 复 fù ‘to retrace’ → fù to duplicate

寫／写 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 舄 xì → xiě to write

慢 = 忄 ‘heart’ + 曼 màn → màn slow

敎／教 = 孝 xiào + 攵 ‘hand’ → jiāo / jiào to teach

筆／笔 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 聿 yù ‘pencil’ → bǐ pen

難／难 = 漢 jiān + 隹 ‘short-tailed bird’ → nán difficult; hard

裏 | 裡 | 里 = 衣 ‘clothing’ + 里 lǐ → lǐ inside

第 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 弟 dì → dì (ordinal prefix)

預／预 = 予 yú + 頁 ‘page’ → yù to prepare

語／语 = 言 ‘speech’ + 吾 wǔ → yǔ language

法 = 氵 ‘water’ + 去 qù → fǎ; fà method; way

容 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 谷 ‘valley’ → róng to hold; to contain; to allow

易 = 日 ‘sun’ + 勿 ‘do not’ → yì easy

懂／懂 = 忄 ‘heart’ + 英 ‘grass’ + 重 zhòng → dǒng to understand

詞／词 = 言 ‘speech’ + 司 sī → cí word

漢／汉 = 氵 ‘water’ + 漢 jiān → hàn Chinese; the Han race




平 = 干 ‘crime’ + 八 ‘eight’ → píng level; even

早 = 日 ‘sun’ + 十 ‘ten’ → zǎo early

夜 = 亠 ‘cover’ + 亻 ‘person’ + 夕 ‘sunset’ → yè night

功 = 工 gōng + 力 ‘power’ → gōng skill

真(眞) = 十 ‘ten’ + 具 ‘all’ → zhēn true; real

始 = 女 ‘female’ + 台 tái → shǐ to begin

唸／念 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 念 niàn → niàn to read (aloud)

錄／录 = 金 ‘metal’ + 彔 lù ‘to carve’ → lù to record

帥／帅 = " ‘elevation’ + 巾 ‘towel’ → shuài handsome; smart



Lesson 8


篇 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 扁 biân → piàn M (for articles)

記／记 = 言 ‘speech’ + 己 jǐ → jì record

床(牀) = 广 ‘shelter’ + 木 ‘wood’ → chuáng bed

洗 = 氵 ‘water’ + 先 xiān → xǐ to wash

澡 = 氵 ‘water’ + 喿 cào → zǎo bath

邊／边 = 自 ‘self ’ + 穴 ‘cave’ + 方 ‘square’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → biān side

發／发 = 癶 bō + 弓 ‘bow’ + 殳 ‘to kill’ → fā to emit; to issue

腦／脑 = 肉 ‘meat’ + % nǎo → nǎo brain

餐 = 夕 ‘sunset’ + 又 ‘hand’ + 食 ‘to eat’ → cān meal

廳／厅 = 广 ‘shelter’ + 聽 tīng → tīng hall

報／报 = 幸 ‘to rejoice’ + & fú → bào newspaper

宿 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 亻 ‘person’ + 百 ‘hundred’ → sù to stay

舍 = 人 ‘person’ + 舌 shé → shè house

正 = 正 → zhèng just; straight

前 = 八 ‘eight’ + 一 ‘one’ + 月 ‘moon’ + 刂 ‘knife’ → qián front; before

告 = 牛 ‘cow’ + 口 kǒu ‘mouth’ → gào to tell; to inform

訴／诉 = 言 ‘speech’ + 斥 ‘to scold’ → sù to tell; to relate

已 = 已 → yǐ already




經／经 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 巠 jīng → jīng pass through

封 = 土 ‘earth’ + 土 ‘earth’ + 寸 cùn → fēng M (for letters)

信 = 亻 ‘person’ + 言 ‘word’ → xìn letter

最 = 曰 ‘to say’ + 耳 ‘ear’ + 又 ‘hand’ → zuì most

近／近 = 斤 jīn + 辶 ‘movement’ → jìn near

除／除 = 阝 ‘mound’ + 余 yú → chú except

專／专 = 專 ‘to attach’ + 寸 ‘inch; wrist’ → zhuān special

業／业 = 业 yè + 羊 ‘sheep’ + 小 ‘small’ → yè occupation

慣／惯 = 忄 ‘heart’ + 貫 guàn → guàn be used to

清 = 氵 ‘water’ + 青 qīng → qīng clear; clean

楚 = 林 ‘forest’ + 疋 shū → chǔ clear; neat

步 = 止 ‘foot at rest; to stop’ + 少 ‘few’ → bù step

希 = 爻 ‘pattern’ + 巾 jīn ‘towel’ → xī hope

望／望 = 亡 wáng + 月 ‘moon’ + 壬 tǐng ‘position’ → wàng hope; wish

能 = 厶 ‘private’ + 肉 ‘meat’ + 匕 bǐ ‘spoon’ → néng be able

用 = 用 → yòng use

笑 = 竹 ‘bamboo’ + 夭 yāo → xiào laugh

祝 = 示 ‘to reveal’ + 兄 ‘elder brother’ → zhù wish



Lesson 9


買／买 = 四 ‘four’ + 貝 ‘cowry’ → mǎi buy

東／东 = 木 ‘wood’ + 日 ‘sun’ → dōng east

西 = 西 → xī west

售 = 隹 ‘short-tailed bird’ + 口 kǒu → shòu sell

貨／货 = 化 huà + 貝 ‘cowry’ → huò merchandise

員／员 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 貝 ‘cowry’ → yuán personnel

衣 = 衣 → yī clothing

服 = 月 ‘moon’ + & fú → fú clothing

件 = 亻 ‘person’ + 牛 ‘cow’ → jiàn M (for items)

襯／衬 = 衣 ‘clothing’ + 親 qīn → chèn lining

衫 = 衣 ‘clothing’ + 彡 shān → shān shirt

顏／颜 = 彥 yàn + 頁 ‘head; man’ → yán face; countenance

色 = 刀 ‘knife’ + 巴 ‘open hand’ → sè color

黃(黄) = 廿 ‘twenty’ + 一 ‘one’ + 田 ‘field’ + 八 ‘eight’ → huáng yellow

紅／红 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 工 gōng → hóng red

穿 = 穴 ‘cave’ + 牙 ‘tooth’ → chuān wear

條／修 = 攸 yōu ‘to ford’ + 木 ‘wood’ → tiáo M (for long objects)

褲／裤 = 衣 ‘clothing’ + 庫 kù → kù pants




宜 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 且 qiě → yí suitable

付 = 亻 ‘person’ + 寸 cùn → fù pay

錢／钱 = 金 ‘metal’ + 戔 jiān → qián money

共 = 廿 ‘twenty’ + 八 ‘eight’ → gòng altogether

少 = 少 → shǎo few

塊／块 = 土 ‘earth’ + 鬼 guǐ → kuài piece; dollar

毛 = 毛 → máo hair; dime

分 = 八 ‘eight’ + 刀 ‘knife’ → fēn penny; minute

百 = 百 → bǎi hundred

雙／双 = 隹 ‘short-tailed bird’ + 又 ‘hand’ → shuāng pair

鞋 = 革 ‘leather’ + 土 ‘earth’ → xié shoes

換／换 = 扌 ‘hand’ + 奐 huàn → huàn change

黑 = 黑 → héi black

雖／虽 = 口 ‘mouth’ + 虫 ‘insect’ + 隹 zhuī → suí though; while

然 = 然 rán + 灬 ‘fire’ → rán like that; so

合 = 人 ‘person’ + 一 ‘one’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → hé suit; agree

適／适 = 啇 dì ‘stalk; stem’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → shì suit; fit



Lesson 10


比 = 匕 ‘man’ + 匕 bǐ → bǐ compare

雨 = 雨 → yú rain

更 = 一 ‘one’ + 曰 ‘to say’ + 乂 ‘five’ → gèng even more

而 = 而 → ér and; in addition

且 = 且 → qiě for the time being

暖 = 日 ‘sun’ + 爰 yuán → nuǎn warm

約／约 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 勺 sháo → yuē make an appoint-ment

園／园 = 囗 ‘to surround’ + 袁 yuán → yuán garden

葉／叶 = 英 ‘grass’ + 世 ‘era’ + 木 ‘wood’ → yè leaf

像 = 亻 ‘person’ + 象 xiàng → xiàng image

海 = 氵 ‘water’ + 每 méi → hǎi sea

糟 = 米 ‘rice’ + 曹 cáo → zāo messy

糕 = 米 ‘rice’ + 羔 gāo → gāo cake

又 = 又 → yòu again

剛／刚 = 岡 gāng + 刂 ‘knife’ → gāng just now

出 = 凵 ‘recepticle’ + 山 ‘mountain’ → chū go out

熱／热 = 坴 lù ‘lands’ + 丸 ‘ball’ + 灬 ‘fire’ → rè hot




舒 = 舍 ‘to stay’ + 予 yú → shū stretch

夏 = 頁 ‘head; man’ + 夂 zhǐ ‘to follow’ → xià summer

涼／凉 = 氵 ‘water’ + 京 jīng ‘capital’ → liáng cool

春 = 春 ‘growth’ + 日 ‘sun’ → chūn spring

冬 = 夂 zhōng ‘end’ + 冫 ‘ice’ → dōng winter

冷 = 冫 ‘ice’ + 令 lìng → lěng cold

悶／闷 = 門 ‘door’ + 心 ‘heart’ → mēn stuffy

次 = 冫 ‘ice’ + 欠 ‘to owe’ → cì M (for occurance)

秋 = 禾 ‘wheat’ + 火 ‘fire’ → qiū autumn; fall

台(臺) = 厶 ‘private’ + 口 ‘mouth’ → tái platform

北 = 匕 ‘man’ + 匕 bǐ ‘spoon’ → běi north

灣／湾 = 氵 ‘water’ + 彎 wān ‘bent’ → wān strait; bay



Lesson 11


寒 = 宀 ‘roof’ + 井 ‘well’ + 一 ‘one’ + 八 ‘eight’ + 冫 ‘ice’ → hán cold

假 = 亻 ‘person’ + 叚 jiǎ → jià vacation

飛／飞 = 升 ‘to rise’ + 飞 fēi → fēi to fly

機／机 = 木 ‘wood’ + 幾 jǐ → jī machine

票 = 西 ‘west’ + 示 ‘to reveal’ → piào ticket

場／场 = 土 ‘earth’ + 昜 yáng → chǎng field

汽 = 氵 ‘water’ + 气 qì → qì steam

車／车 = → chē car

或 = 囗 ‘to surround’ + 一 ‘one’ + 戈 ‘axe’ → huò or

者 = 老 ‘old’ + 日 ‘sun’ → zhě (a suffix)

地 = 土 ‘earth’ + 也 yě → dì earth

鐵／铁 = 金 ‘metal’ + ' diè → tiě iron

走 = 土 ‘earth’ + 止 ‘foot at rest; to stop’ → zǒu walk

站 = 立 ‘to stand’ + 占 zhān → zhàn stand; station

綠／绿 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 彔 lù ‘to carve’ → lǜ green

線／线 = 糸 ‘silk’ + 泉 quán ‘fountain’ → xiàn line

藍／蓝 = 英 ‘grass’ + 監 jiān → lán blue

麻 = 广 ‘shelter’ + 林 ‘forest’ → má hemp; numb

煩／烦 = 火 ‘fire’ + 頁 ‘page; head’ → fán bother




租 = 禾 ‘grain’ + 且 (qiě) zǔ → zū to rent

送／送 = 关 guān ‘pass’ + 辶 ‘movement’ → sòng to deliver

過／过 = 咼 guā + 辶 ‘movement’ → guò to pass

讓／让 = 言 ‘speech’ + 襄 xiāng → ràng to let

花／花 = 英 ‘grass’ + 化 huà → huā to spend; flower

每 = ( ‘branch’ + 母 mǔ → méi every

速／速 = 束 shù + 辶 ‘movement’ → sù speed

路 = 足 ‘foot’ + 各 gè → lù road; way

緊／紧 = 臣 ‘official’ + 又 ‘hand’ + 糸 ‘silk’ → jǐn tight

自 = 自 → zì self

己 = 己 → jǐ oneself

新 = 亲 zhēn ‘hazel nut’ + 斤 jīn → xīn new



integrated chinese level 1 character formations...

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