instructions: find the page titled notes: space ... · illusion of deep space on a 2d plane....
TRANSCRIPT
INSTRUCTIONS:
• Find the page titled Notes: Space,
Proportion, Perspective that we
just put in the Notes section of
your folder.
– Write your Name
– Period 1
– Today’s date: 1/10/17
– Due date: 1/11/17
NOTES: Space,
Proportion, Perspective
1/10/2017
Space
Elements of Art
• Space
–the area within, around,
and between objects.
There are two types of space
Positive
Negative
Positive space is the area
occupied by an object.
It is where something is.
Negative space is the area
not occupied by an object.
It is where something is not.
Though often overlooked,
negative space can be just
as important as the positive
space.
Can you identify the important shape
created by the negative space in this
familiar FedEx logo?
Discuss with your neighbor for 30 seconds.
To create space in an artwork,
you have to create depth.
Depth
– the use of optical
perspective to create the
illusion of deep space on a
2D plane.
Let’s break down that definition
• Perspective = point of view.
– Can refer to both your
physical location or vantage
point, and your mental
perspective or opinion.
• Illusion = tricking the eye.
–Refers to the process tricking one’s
eye into sending a message to the
brain that it is seeing something
that isn’t really there, or that isn’t
there as it seems to be.
–(Think of the way a piece of paper
is a 2D object but we create
artwork that appears to be 3D.)
Let’s break down that definition
• Plane = a flat surface or area.
–Refers to the “flatness” of a
piece of canvas or paper and
how we, as artists, create
illusions that give 2D objects a
feeling of having the quality of
depth.
Let’s break down that definition
How artists arrange space in
their artwork
Areas in Space
Areas in Space
• Foreground – the area closest to
the viewer.
–At the very front of the composition
and usually at the bottom. It is
usually the most detailed part of
the composition. Objects appear
bigger and more detailed.
Areas in Space
• Middle ground – the area
between the foreground and
background.
Areas in Space
• Background – the area farthest
from the viewer.
–At the very back of the
composition and usually
towards the top. It is usually the
least detailed portion of the
composition.
Can you identify the
foreground, middleground,
and background in the
following picture?
Thomas
Hart
Benton
July Hay
1943
Proportion
Principles of Design
Using size and
perspective in art
What is this a picture of? …Now?
When we adjust the size of the car
we are changing two things:
The scale and the sense of
proportion.
Scale – a point of reference by
which to measure or estimate size.
- The people in this picture provide
a point of reference and help us to
estimate the size of the car.
When we adjust the size of the car
we are changing two things:
The scale and the sense of
proportion.
Proportion – refers to how two
elements or objects relate to one
another in size.- A real car is larger than a person. A
toy car is smaller. This provides a
sense of proportion.
What is this a picture of? …Now?
Overlap
Size and Detail
Placement
Foreshortening
Value (Aerial Perspective)
Linear Perspective
Artists manipulate 2D surfaces so they
appear to have 3D qualities by using
these Optical Perspective Techniques:
Overlap
– to cover one object with
another.
Which shape is closer to you?
Now?
There is a relationship between the size
of an object, it’s distance from the
viewer, and the level of detail that is
visible.
As a rule, as objects get farther away our
ability to see the details of that object
diminishes.
For example, have you ever waved at
someone in the distance only to discover
that as you get closer to that person, it’s
not who you thought it was?
Close to viewer = larger with more visible details
Far from viewer = smaller with less visible details
Another way to estimate an object’s
size/location is to examine its
placement within the artwork.
Placement – where an object is
located in the picture plane (i.e. in
the foreground, middle ground, or
background). Placement establishes
the size and distance relationship the
object has with other objects in the
artwork.
http://indianartourway.pbworks.com/w/page/19847406/Akbar%20Inspecting%
20the%20construction%20of%20Fatehpur%20Sikri
Akbar Inspecting the
Construction
of Fatehpur-Sikri
Design by Tulsi the Elder,
Painting by Bandi,
Portraits by Madhu the Younger,
ca. 1590
From Akbar-nama
Victoria and Albert Museum,
London
I.S. 2-1896 91/117
From Akbar's India page 41
Foreshortening is when an
object or distance appears
shorter than it actually is
because it is angled toward
the viewer.
Aerial perspective
– the technique used to create the
illusion of looking through air and
space. Used mostly for
landscapes.
Close to viewer = darker, more contrast
Far from viewer = lighter, low contrast
Albert Bierstadt.The Rocky Mountains, Lander’s Peak.
Caspar David Friedrich. Winter Landscape. 1811.
Caspar David Friedrich. Solitary Tree. 1822.
Linear perspective
– the technique of using lines to create the illusion of distanceand depth because all of the lines moving back into space seem to meet at a point in the distance.
George Cook.Interior of St. Peter’s Rome. 1847.
Vincent van Gogh. Bedroom at Arles. 1888.
Horizon line
– the imaginary place
where the earth and sky
meet.
– It is always at eye level.
Vanishing point
–The point(s) on the
horizon line where all the
lines moving back into
space seem to meet.
One-point perspective
–using a single vanishing point.
Two-point perspective
–using two vanishing points.
ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
(bird’s eye view)
http://fc00.deviantart.net/fs71/i/2010/096/3/1/birds_eye_view_by_Stobak.jpg
ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE
(street view)
TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE
END