Instructional Designer: Sheila L. Hendley

Social Studies Teacher

Berrien Middle School

Nashville, Georgia

Contents:

• Instructions

• Performance Objectives

• Interactive Assessment Items

• Historical Information

• WWW Link

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On the last slide, click on the house icon to advance to the first slide.

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This is a video icon. Click on the video icon to review the video clips.

Click on the “next” icon to advance to the next slide.

Click on the “back” icon to return to the previous slide.

Attention:

•Be sure to read the information in this left margin. You will be given questions that pertain to the content, “Test Your Knowledge.”

•When answering the “Test Your Knowledge” questions, you cannot proceed to the next slide until you have correctly answered the question.

• This module is designed to provide information about Berrien County and some of its historic sites.

• In the left margin you will find brief facts either about this module, about Berrien County, or about test strategies.

Contents:

• Introduction

• Using this Module

• Objectives

• Berrien County

• Alapaha River

• Court House

• Old Jail

• Avery’s Mill

• Clark House

• Berrien County Web Site

• References for Historical Information Back Next

• When you complete this module you should be able to:

• List at least three historic sites in Berrien County

• Write an essay about at least one of Berrien County’s historic sites

• Identify characteristics of each historic site discussed this module

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Objectives:

• Objectives are statements that are used to explain what you should know and be able to do when you complete the instruction. Next

Quick Facts:

• The Old Coffee Road was one of the state’s earliest postal roads.

• The Old Coffee Road was used to transport crops to Florida.

• Berrien County is known as the “Bell Pepper Capital of the World” (5).

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Nashville(County Seat)

Ray City Enigma Alapaha

Berrien County consists of four municipalities (or cities). These include Nashville, Ray City, Enigma, and Alapaha. Nashville is the center of government. This is also referred to as the “county seat”.

Quick Facts:

• 446 square miles

• 217 feet above sea level

• Average rainfall is 55 inches per year

• Average January temperature is 50 degrees

• 69% of the land is forest (3)

BackThis sign is located on the courthouse lawn in Nashville, GA. Several other historical signs, such as “Indian Fights” and

“The Old Coffee Road”, are also displayed there. Next

AJames BerrienB McPherson BerrienC James McPherson BerrienDJohn McPherson Berrien

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Who was Berrien County named after?

Test Tip:•On paper and pencil tests, always answer the questions that you know and skip the ones you do not know. Then go back to the questions you skipped and apply the test-taking tips mentioned later in this module.

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Quick Fact:

•Cherokee Indians used water from the Alapaha River to water their crops (3).

• The Alapaha River forms the east boundary for Berrien County (1).

• Alapaha is the Timicua Indian word for “Bear” (7).

• In the Cherokee language, Alapaha means “Laughing Water” or “Smiling Sunshine (3).

• Bridges were very expensive to build and maintain. Instead of bridges, ferries were used to carry people, horses, and carriages across the river.

• Marsh’s Ferry was used to carry people from the Coffee Road to the other side of the Alapaha River (3).

Quick Facts:

•Alapaha was once known as the largest wool market in the state.•The oldest bank in the county is the Bank of Alapaha.•Bostic’s Ferry was used in East Berrien and was also a stage route for crossing the river (3). Back Next

ALittle RiverB BearC Laughing WaterDSmiling Sunshine

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Test Tip:

•Pay close attention to underlined words, italicized words, bold words, or words in different type fonts.•These words may change the entire meaning of the question.

Which of the following was not a name given to the Alapaha River by early settlers?

Quick Facts:

•Berrien County was created from parts of Lowndes, Irwin, and Coffee County.

•Lakeland, GA was once a part of Berrien County.

•Nashville has been the county’s seat of government since it was first organized in 1856 (3). NextBack

It cost about $17,000.00 to build the courthouse in 1898, and a great deal of the materials were shipped from Alapaha by wagon.

Most of the bricks used to build the courthouse were made in Berrien County (3). The building is fireproof and has iron support beams, cement floors, and metal doors and window casings. It also has steel ceilings. The interior was completely refurbished in 1981 (5).

A1798B1897C1898D1789

In what year was the Berrien County courthouse built?

This picture is used with permission granted by Brad McCall, Web Master at berrienweb.com.

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Test Tips:

•Even if you are confident that you know the correct answer to a question, read all the other answer choices too. •There may be two correct answers, yet one best answer.•Choose the best answer.

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Quick Facts:

•Did you know that the “Old Jail” was not used after 1965 because the new jail, at the county farm, was built?

•The last hanging took place on September 12, 1902. A seventeen-year-old boy was hanged for murder (3).

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Land for the “Old Jail” was purchased for $ 100.00 from Dr. L.A. Carter (2).

The “Old Jail” was built in 1901 for $7,997.50 by Pauly Jail Building and Manufactuing Company, out of Missouri.

The jailer lived on the first floor, and the jail was located on the second floor (3).

The “Old Jail” now houses the Berrien County Chamber of Commerce.

A 1956B 1962C 1902D 1965

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Test Tips:

•Look for key words in the question that could be related to one of the answer choices.

•Also, look for key words in the answer choices that could be related to the question.

When did the county stop using the “Old Jail” for housing prisoners?

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Quick Facts:

• Did you know that the mill could grind 80-85 bushels of corn on a daily basis (3)?

• Avery’s Mill house is now “The Old Mill Restaurant.” Steaks and seafood are the main entrees’ (main dishes).

Avery’s Mill, located east of Nashville, is one of the oldest landmarks in Berrien County. The Mill was built in 1880 and began operation in 1884. The water wheel, which was used to power the mill, was replaced with modern turbine machinery. Turbines provided more power and conserved water.

In early times the lake around the mill house, was used as a resort for picnics, swimming, fishing, and hunting (3).

A Water WheelB Mechanical TurbineC ElectricityD Wind

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How was the old mill originally powered?

Test Tips:

•Take your time!

•Read each question and all answer choices before answering the question. Sometimes one word can change the entire meaning of the question or the answer.

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Quick Facts:

• Did you know that the word “mill” is used to describe a machine that is used for grinding, stamping, crushing, or pressing?

• The building where the mill is housed is also called a mill (4).

Rice Machine

Mill

Mill HouseThe water wheel, that was used to power the mill, was once located under the mill house.

The mill was used to grind corn.

The rice machine was used to clean rice.

ATo Clean RiceB To Filter WaterC To Grind CornDTo Produce Power

How was the mill at Avery’s Mill House used?

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Test Tip:

•When reading a test question pay attention to qualifying words such as “most likely”, “except”, “never”, and “always”.

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Quick Facts:

•Did you know that in early times when doctors were performing operations, there was neither electricity nor hospitals and operations were done on kitchen tables. •Dr. Carter’s phone number was 54 (3).

Construction on the “Clark” house began at the turn of the century. The house was originally built for Dr. L.A. Carter and his family, but was eventually inhabited by Mr. And Mrs. W.L. Clark. This beautiful two-story home is located just east of the town square. The upstairs section of the house was constructed for the enjoyment of the Carter

children.

Upstairs, the Carter children enjoyed skating, games, music, and dancing.

Dr. L.A. Carter owned the first automobile in Berrien County, a Maxwell, purchased in 1904 (3).

AIn the hospitalB On kitchen tablesC On the bedDOn the back of a wagon

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Question: Where were the earliest surgeries in Berrien County performed?

Test Tips:

•When presented with a question, in which you do not know the answer, try to eliminate some of the answer choices. •For each choice you eliminate, you increase your chances of selecting the correct answer.

This picture, the logo from the Berrien County Web page, is used with permission granted by Brad McCall, Webmaster of berrienweb.com.

Berrien Web is an invaluable resource for the citizens of Berrien County. Information and web page design are of the highest quality. Brad McCall, the webmaster, maintains the page. Mr. McCall is a Nashville native and the owner of Spectra Computing.

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Great Links:

• History

• Today in History

• Berrien Calendars

• News Headlines

• Contact Information

• Spectra Computing

• Business Pages

• Free Stuff

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Click here to go to the Berrien Web

A Contact InformationB Today in HistoryC HistoryD Business Pages

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Even though Nashville’s Old Hotel no longer exists, which link would you use to find information about the hotel?

This picture is used with permission granted by Brad McCall, Web Master at berrienweb.com.

Test Tip:

•If you do not know the answer to the question, try to identify parts of the question in which you have some knowledge and see if you can relate what you do know to an answer choice.

You must make a decision now:You may review the content of this

module once more before taking the final exam.

ORYou may proceed to the next slide and

then take the final exam.

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You Should Have Learned:

•Berrien County Facts

•Alapaha River

•Berrien County Courthouse

•Nashville’s Old Jail

•Avery’s Mill

•Clark House

•Berrien WebBack

Congratulations!

You have successfully completed this module. You may review the contents again if you choose. When you finish, ask your teacher for the final examination. Good luck!

Test Tips:

•Remember, never leave a question unanswered.

•Do your best.

•Always check back over your work.

•Put your name on your work. Next

(1) Berrien County Chamber of Commerce. Map of Nashville & Berrien County. Nashville,GA. (2) Berrien FFA Chapter. (April, 1976). Old jail: Berrien historical building and agricultural museum. [Brochure]. Nashville, GA. (3) Bicentennial Committee. (1976). The history of Berrien county. Nashville, GA: Berrien county chamber of commerce. (4) Mankin, Carol. (1988). Mill. In Lexicon universal encyclopedia (Vol. 13, pp. 424). New York: Lexicon Publications, Inc. (5) McCall, Brad. 2001. BerrienWeb [Online]. Available: http://www.berrienweb.com (6) Microsoft PowerPoint. 1997. Microsoft Corporation. (7) The encyclopedia of Georgia. (1993). New York: Somerset

Publishers, Inc.

References:

•Historical information included in this module was taken from numerous resources.

•The reference list identifies sources of historical information only.

•Other references are included in the planning documents which accompany this instructional package.