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Installing Local Network Devices (Local Area Network)

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Module 9 Installing Local Network Devices (Local Area Network)

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Mendiagnosis permasalahan pengoperasian PC yang tersambung jaringangnosis

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang koneksi jaringan

an

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi jaringan berbasis GUI (Graphical User

Interface) dan Text

Melakukan instalasi perangkat jaringan berbasis luas (Wide Area

Network)

Mendiagnosis permasalahan perangkat yang tersambung jaringan berbasis luas

(Wide Area Network)

Membuat desain sistem keamanan jaringan

Mendiagnosis permasalahan pengoperasian PC dan

periferal

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang sistem PC

Melakukan perbaikan periferal

Melakukan instalasi software

Melakukan perawatan PC

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi berbasis graphical user interface (GUI)

dan command line interface (CLI)

Melakukan instalasi perangkat jaringan lokal (Local Area

Network)

Menerapkan teknik elektronika analog dan digital dasar

Menerapkan fungsi peripheral dan instalasi PC

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting ulang koneksi jaringan berbasis luas

(Wide Area Network)

Mengadministrasi server dalam jaringan

Merancang bangun dan menganalisa Wide Area

Network

Merancang web data base untuk content server

Lulus

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi dasar

Menerapkan K 3 LH

Merakit Personal Komputer

Dasar Kejuruan Level I ( Kelas X ) Level II ( Kelas XI ) Level III ( Kelas XII )1

Melakukan instalasi perangkat jaringan lokal (Local Area

Network)

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Initial capability required to learn this module are:

• Training participants have passed the module / Training materials to operate a PC with a stand alone operating system based GUI.

• Training participants have passed the module / Training materials to operate a PC with a stand alone operating system based Text.

• Training participants have passed the module / Training materials Installing software.

• Participants in the Training of magnet and induction elektromagnetik

Defining user requirements


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Local Area Network (LAN)

Network is a private property in a building or campus-sized to several kilometers. LAN is often used to connect personal computers and workstations in a company office or factory for shared resources (resouce, for example, printers) and exchange information

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), basically a wireless version of the larger size and usually use the same technology to the LAN. MAN may include the company's offices are also located close to or a city and can be used for personal (private) or public. MAN is able to support data and voice, can even relate to the cable television network

Wide Area Network (WAN),

range covers a wide geographical area, often covering a country and even continent. WAN consists of a collection of machines that aim to run the programs (applications) user.

Types of network


Internet • In fact there are many networks in the world, often using the hardware and software

that is different. People are often connected to the network hopes to bisaberkomunikasi with other people connected to the other network. Desire such as this requires a relationship between a network that is often not compatibel and different. Usually to do this required a machine called the relationship gatewayguna do and perform the necessary translation, both hardware and software. Terinterkoneksi collection of networks that is what is called the Internet

Wireless (Network without cable)•

Without the cable network is a solution to komukasi that can not be done with the network cables. For example, people who want to get information or make communication even when the car is above or aircraft, the network is absolutely necessary because without a cable connection cable may not be made in the car or plane. At this time without a network cable is used with a flare using the satellite service and is able to provide access speed faster than the network cables.


Topology is a way of connecting a computer with other computers so that the network formed. That at this time how many are used Bus, Token-Ring, and Star Network. Each topology has unique characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of its own

Network topology


Bus topology is used on a cable or single cable in which the center all workstations and servers connected

Benefits• Save the cable• Cable layout simple• Development of the network or adding new workstation can be done easily without disrupting other workstation Losses • Fault detection and isolation is very small Density of the traffic on main routes Weakness of this topology is when there is interference in the center of the cable along the entire network to crash• Repeater is required for long-distance

Bus topology


• In the Ring topology all workstations and servers linked to form a pattern so that the circle or ring. Each workstation or server will receive and pass information from one computer to another, if the addresses are the appropriate information is received and when the information will not be missed

Weaknesses:

Each node in the network will always be involved to manage the information missed in the network, so that when there is interference of a node in the entire network will be disrupted.

Excellence Of a collision or no collision of data such as the Bus topology, because only one node can transmit data at a time.

Token Ring topology


In the Star topology, each workstation is connected directly to a server or hub. The advantages of this topology type Star is that with the cable for each workstation to the server, or the wide bandwidth communication channels in the cable so that the width of the akan akan improve network performance overall. And also when there is a disruption in the cable path interference will only occur in the communication between the workstation with the server, the network overall tidak14 broken. Weakness of the Star topology is the cable that needs greater than the other topology

• Benefits

Most flexible• Installation / changes to the

station is very easy and does not disrupt the network

• Centralized control Ease of detection and fault isolation / damage management network

Losses• Spendthrift cable• Need special handling• Control center (HUB) be a

critical element

Star topology


Network Client-Server • Servers are computers that

provide facilities for the other computers in the network Client computers are to receive or use the facilities provided by the server.

Network TypeBeneffit• More high-speed access for the provision of facilities and network management is done exclusively by a single computer (server) that is not burdened with other tasks, such as a workstation.• System administration and network security is better, because there is a duty as a computer network administrator, who manages the system administration and network security.• Data backup system is better, because in the network client-server backup is done centrally on the server, which will membackup all the data used in the network.

Weakness• Operational costs are relatively more expensive.• Required the existence of a special computer for more berkemampuan assigned as the server.• Of the network depends on the server. When the server to crash the entire network will be disrupted


OSI reference model consists of 7 layers, from physical layer up to the application. Reference model is not only useful for LAN products, but in building the Internet even though the network is required.

To carry out various communications vendor computer needed a basic rule that the standard and approved by various parties. As well as two different nations, the need to communicate with translators / interpreters, or a language that is understood both sides.

Network Protocol


• IP address is the address given on the network equipment and computer network that uses TCP / IP. IP address consists of 32 bit binary number that can be written as four groups of decimal numbers separated by dots such as 172.16.254.1

IP address consists of two parts, namely the network ID and host ID, which determine the network ID address of the computer network, while the host ID determines the host address (computer, router, switch). Therefore IP address to give complete address along with a host network address where the host is located.

IP Address


For ease of use, depending on the needs of the user, IP address is divided into five classes as shown in the table below

Class-class IP Address


• Domain Name System (DNS) is a system that allows the name of a host computer on the network or the Internet IP address to be ditranslasikan. In giving the name, the DNS hierarchy Architecture:

• Root-level domain: the top level is shown as a dot (.). b) Top-level domain: category code, or state organizations such as: . Com = company . Edu = university . Gov = government agency.

In addition to distinguish by the name of a country with other countries to use sign for example. ps to Indonesia or. au for australia.

Second-level domain: the name for the organization or companies, such as microsoft.com, yahoo.com, and others

Domain Name System (DNS)


• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

• IP address dan subnet mask dapat diberikan secara otomatis menggunakan Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol atau diisi secara manual.

• DHCP berfungsi untuk memberikan IP address secara otomatis pada komputer yang menggunakan protokol TCP/IP. DHCP bekerja dengan relasi client-server, dimana DHCP server menyediakan suatu kelompok IP address yang dapat diberikan pada DHCP client. Dalam memberikan IP address ini, DHCP hanya meminjamkan IP address tersebut. Jadi pemberian IP address ini berlangsung secara dinamis.


Type personal computer that is used in the network will greatly determine the performance of the network. A computer with high performance will be able to send and access data in the network quickly. Network type in the Client-Server, which enabled the computer as the server must have the absolute performance higher than other computers as a workstation it, because the server will be responsible for providing facilities and managing the network's operational

Network Internet Card (NIC)

Based on the type of bus, there is some type of network interface card (nic) or network card, the ISA and PCI. When this type of network card yangbanyak used, the PCI

Cabling Network is essentially a computer network cable, connect one side to the other, but not necessarily closed kurva, kurva can be opened with a terminator at the end)

Personal Computer


Topologi Jaringan Type of Cabel Frequently Used

Bus Topology Coaxial, twisted pair, fiber

Ring Topology twisted pair, fiber

Star Topology twisted pair, fiber

Network topology and the type of cable Frequently Used


Coaxial cableRecognized two types of coaxial cable, the thick coaxial cable (have sizable large diameter) and thin coaxial cable (have a smaller diameter).

Thick coaxial cableCoaxial cable of this type is specified based on the standard IEEE 802.3 10BASE5, where cable has an average diameter of 12mm, and is usually given a yellow. This type of cable is usually referred to as a standard ethernet or thick Ethernet, or only abbreviated ThickNet, or even just referred to as the yellow cable.

Thin coaxial cableThis type of coaxial cable used in the many amateur radio, especially for the transceiver does not require a large power output. To be used as network devices, this type of coaxial cable must meet the standard IEEE 802.3 10BASE2, where the average diameter of around 5mm, and are usually black or other dark color. Each device (device) is connected with a BNC T-connector. This type of cable is also known as thin Ethernet or ThinNet


Fiber Optic

Network that uses Fiber Optic (FOR) is usually large, due to the price and installation process more difficult. However, networks that use FOR in terms of reliability and speed there is no doubt. Speed data transmission with the media FOR more than 100Mbps and influence-free environment

Twisted Pair Ethernet

Twisted Pair cable is divided into two types, namely shielded twisted pair (STP) and unshielded twisted pair (UTP). STP is a type of cable that has a wrapper wrapper whereas UTP does not have a wrapper wrapper. For this type of connection cable connectors use RJ-11 or RJ-45


• Category 1• twisted-pair (UTP) cable, known as a phone or device• Category 2• UTP is used in the data rate up to 4 Mbps• Category 3• UTP is used in the data rate up to 10 Mbps (10BaseT finger-ngan require the minimum requirement with

this cable)• Category 4• UTP is used in the data rate up to 16 Mbps (used on Token Ring networks)• Category 5• UTP is used in the data rate up to above 100 Mbps (most can also be used for 1000 mbs), long

persegmen can reach 100m. Using the type of RJ-45 connector, used on the network with star topology and bus.

• Category 6• UTP is used in the data rate up to over 1 Gbps persegmen can reach 100m. Using the type of RJ-45

connector, used on the network topology with the star. 100BaseTX: EIA / TIA Category 5, 6, or 7 is a two-pair cable, for one host per segment, with the range to reach 100m, using connectors MĪĪ RJ-45, which is used on the network with star topology and bus. 100BaseFX: By cable multimode fiber-optic (MMF) with 62.5/12.5 micron size. Network topology for point-to-point; network range up to 400 m. Using the type of ST or SC connectors.

Category Of Twisted Pair Cable


UTP Cable (especially CAT5 / CAT5e) Category 5 or 5e is the most reliable and have high compatibility, and the most recommended, both the 10 Mbps and Fast Ethernet (100Mbps). Konector that can be used for UTP Cable CAT5 RJ-45 is. To use the computer connection, known type 2 fruit continuation UTP cable, the cable and yaitustraight crossover cable

UTP Cable (especially CAT5 / CAT5e)


Computer with the Windows 98 operating system on computers in the network must use a unique name to avoid any overlap with other computers. To give

a name can follow the following steps:

Identify computers on the network


Must be installed in the computer, so that the computer can "interact" with the network. Windows 98 mendukungbeberapa type of network, namely: a) Ethernet, b) Token Ring, c) Attached Resource Computer Network (ARCNet), d) Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI),

• Install and Configure Network Interface Card Network Interface card (NIC) must be installed in the computer, so that the computer can "interact" with the network. Windows 98 supports multiple network types, namely:

Ethernet

Token Ring• Attached Resource Computer Network (ARCNet)• Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)• Wireless, infrared• Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).

Network Interface card (NIC)


• After the NIC is installed in the correct slot machines next network driver must be installed. To configure the driver meninstal and can be done as follows: Control Panel, double-click the Network icon. Select the Configuration tab, click Add.

Once the dialog box that appears Select Network Component Type, click Adapter, then click Add.


• Installing Network

Protocols • To be able to "communicate" in a

network computer, the computer must have a protocol.

Procedures that can be done to install the network protocol is: a) Open the Control Panel and double-click the Network icon. B) In Configurasi tab click Add. c) In the dialog box Select Network Component Type, select Protocol and click Add. d) Select the Manufacturer and Network Protocol and click OK.


Implementation of the TCP / IP in Windows 98 include:• Internet Protocol (IP)• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)• Address Resolusion Protocol (ARP)• User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

TCP / IP must be configured first in order to "communicate" in a computer network. Each network card (NIC) has been installed that requires IP address and subnet mask. IP address must be unique (different from the other computers), the subnet mask is used to distinguish the network ID of the host ID.

Configuring TCP / IP


IP address and subnet mask can be provided automatically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) or manually filled. Procedures are conducted to fill in IP address: Open the Control Panel and double-click the Network icon. In the Configuration tab, click TCP / IP is in the list for the network card has been installed. Click Properties.

Provide IP Address


After the installation and network configuration system (both hardwaremaupun software) is completed, the test should be carried out / testing. This inidimaksudkan to see if the installation (start from installing kabelsampai with the configuration of the system software) have been dilakukandengan benar.Untuk testing TCP / IP, how can one do that ipconfig denganinstruksi run under DOS. View 20 pictures!

Ipconfig command is used to see the indications on the configuration installed in the Computer IPyang us. from the above picture we see some important information after we issue the command ipconfig

Testing / Test Network


Ping utility is used to check whether we have bisaberfungsi network and connect with both, eg in the image diatasterlihat command pingLocalHost, if we see out there is no form pesanReplay IP (127.0.0.1) is the size of the bites and waktunya berapa seconds indicates that the command to connect to keLocalHost run and well received, but we seandainyajika ping to the IP number is not known seperti gambar above will be issued pesanRequest Time Outyang does not mean that IP number is known in the network (ping192.168.0.90)


If you get a response as above, then the connection jaringansudah correct. Response other than the above example means that jaringananda not work correctly. Errors can occur at any time sistem of cabling, network cards, or setup network.Catatan: TTL is Time To Live, the time limit so that the package datatersebut do not float in the network

Pinging 202.159.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:


Reply from 202.159.0.2: bytes = 32 time <10ms TTL = 32 Reply from 202.159.0.2: bytes = 32 time <10ms TTL = 32 Reply from 202.159.0.2: bytes = 32 time <10ms TTL = 32 Reply from 202.159.0.2: bytes = 32 time <10ms TTL = 32

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