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Environmental health risk assessment ‐current status, challenges, and future needs
INSPIRE Conference, AalborgTuesday 17th June, 2014
Presented by Dr. Hai-Ying Liu
Hai-Ying Liu, [email protected] Bartonova, [email protected]
Environmental health risk assessment What is an environmental health risk assessment?
Types of environmental health risk assessment and
Environmental health risk assessment toolbox What is an environmental health risk assessment toolbox?
What data does the environmental health risk assessment toolbox require?
Examples of environmental health risk assessment toolbox
Challenges and way forward Challenges
Future direction and data acquisition
Two EU-founded projects (CITI-SENSE and Citi-Sense-MOB)
Conclusions
Presentation outline
– What is an environmental heath risk assessment?
An environmental health risk assessment is the process of estimating the
potential impact of a chemical, physical, microbiological or psychosocial
hazard on a specified human population under a specific set of conditions
and for a certain time frame (Source: http://www.health.gov.au, 2012).
– Types of environmental health risk assessment
Individual risk assessment
Population risk assessment
Qualitative risk assessment
Quantitative risk assessment
Environmental health risk assessment
Environmental health risk assessment
– Five key steps of environmental health risk assessment(Source: enHEALTH, Environmental health risk assessment: Guidelines for assessing human health risks from environmental hazards)
– It is a multidisciplinary field
Environmental health risk assessment toolbox– Environmental health risk assessment toolbox and the role of such
toolbox?
An environmental health risk assessment toolbox is any guidance,
procedure, or analysis tool that can be used to support the environmental
health risk assessment process, and to assist decision‐makers in making
informed decisions (EU FP6 HENVINET project, Liu et al., 2012).
Environmental health risk assessment toolbox
– What data/information does the environmental health risk
assessment toolbox require?
Environmental, exposure/dose, effects and impacts
Data on the nature and extent of contamination
Fate and transport processes
The magnitude and frequency of human exposure
The inherent toxicity of all of the chemicals
Contextual or background data
Geographic data, such as: administrative areas, topography
Population and demography, such as: population numbers or density, age and
gender, socio‐economic status
Background health status, such as: mortality rates, morbidity
Environmental health risk assessment toolbox– Examples of environmental health risk assessment toolbox
EU FP6 projects: INTARESE, HEIMTSA, ENVIRISK, HENVINET
EU FP7 project: TRANPHORM
To provide toolbox that people can use to assess the environmental and health
risks and consequences of different policies.
(Source: http://www.integrated‐assessment.eu, 2014)
Environmental health risk assessment toolbox
(Source: http://www.integrated‐assessment.eu, 2014)
Challenges and the way forward– Challenges
Current data from E&H monitoring programmes face many challenges
Fragmentation of datasets and sources
Lack of harmonization between datasets at different geographical scales
Issues of data quality and accuracy
In practice, to access data presents a number of challenges
Obtaining data from other agencies is difficult, and in many cases impossible
Legal and the level of ethical restrictions prevent access to a particular dataset
Difficult to obtain the cooperation of agency hierarchy, who decide whether or
not to participate in data sharing
Data sharing requires compatibility between different computer systems as
well as the availability of information system personnel
Challenges and the way forward Challenges on data integration
Data integration requires the cooperation of system administrators, directors of
programmes, and services consumers
Data integration is costly and time consuming, and information overload are also barriers
to data integration across multiple organizations
Understand pedigree of the data and their properties
Technical challenges concerning data analysis Different data format
Increases in data volume
Increasing need for interdisciplinary use of data
Integration of data among systems to answer questions that address diverse societal
benefits
– Future direction on E&H monitoring
Approaches to integrated monitoring for environmental health risk
assessment (EU FP6 INTARESE project)
Challenges and the way forward
(Source: Liu et al., 2012, http://www.ehjournal.net/content/pdf/1476‐069X‐11‐88.pdf)
– Future direction on integration
of environmental health data
from existing programmes:
Step 0: define the goal of data
integration.
Step 1: make the integrated plan.
Step 2: collect individual data.
Step 3: analyse the individual data.
Step 4: integrate the data and
analyse the integrated data.
Step 5: report results.
Step 6: recommend new actions.
Challenges and the way forward
– Future data acquisition Citizen science and citizens’ observatories in E&H fields (EU FP7 CITI‐SENESE and
Citi‐Sense‐MOB projects, Bartonova et al., 2012‐2016, Castell et al., 2013‐2015)
Change citizens’ role from passive information receiver to active participant
Two‐way communication model
Location information
Innovative low‐cost sensors and Information and ICT enable citizens to participate in
the environmental monitoring
Increase data coverage
Time resolution
Spatial resolution
Challenges and the way forward
Challenges and the way forwardWhat data quality do we need?
Lower
Higher
Relative Re
quire
d Da
ta Quality
p
Ambient air monitoring network and compliance
Supplement Air Monitoring
Network
g
Community based monitoring
andScreening
Education and Qualitative monitoring
€
€€€
Relative Cost
Relative Deployment Density(Source: Snyder et al. Env. Sci. Tech. 2013)
Two EU‐funded projects
Quality of life in cities (indoor and outdoor)Health effects from traffic pollution
Decreasing air pollution Increasing quality of life
CITI‐SENSE (EU FP7) and Citi‐Sense‐MOB (EU EMMIA/DG Enterprise) Vision
Small, low‐cost sensorsInformation and Communication Technology
Important problems:
Few air quality monitoring stationsNo real‐time data where people areAbsence of personalized data
Opportunities and challenges:
Increased spatial coverageComplementary air quality dataNear real‐time personalized data
Participatory UrbanismCitizens’ participation and empowerment
(Source: Nuria Castell, [email protected])
How are we going to do it?Sensor platformNOx, CO, O3, PM, RH, T
Data ServicesCloud services
Data providers VGI
GNSS
AQ Models
Traffic situation
Citizen ParticipationParticipatory Governance through Social Media
Processing raw data, fusion, modelling
Data storage
Public & PrivateSectors
CitizensSpecial Interest Groups
User services
COT
(Source: Nuria Castell, [email protected])
– Making data we collect in CITI‐SENSE and Citi‐Sense‐MOB
GEOSS compatible Collaboration with other FP7 funded citizens’ observatories
related projects
Data access Data sharing Data registration Share experiences, competencies
GEOSS compatibility
Conclusions Technical challenges to connect disparate data sources
Content challenges, e.g., provide enough information to serve
given purpose
Users communities will have different needs and
requirements (e.g., public x authorities x research)
Benchmarks and examples help to define the solutions
Thank you for your attention!– Find us on
CITI‐SENSE Project web portal: www.citi‐sense.eu
Citi‐Sense‐MOB web portal: www.citi‐sense‐mob.eu
Citizens’ observatories central web protal: www.co.citi‐sense.eu
Facebook: www.facebook.com/int.cit.obs
LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/groups/Citizens‐observatories‐5164755
Twitter: twitter.com/Citizensobs