PAGE PRE-U TEXT STPM INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ISBN: 978 983 3879 83 0

Chapter 3 Group 13 elements: Aluminium Practice 3.1 Chemical and physical properties of aluminium

Reinforce your understanding and knowledge of aluminium, a Group 13 element by elaborating the key words given below:

STPM

: 1998, P1/Q24, Q26, Q27, Q53; 1999, P1/Q21; 2000, P1/Q21; 2001, P1/Q17,

P2/Q8(a)(i), 2001, P1/Q15, P2/Q8(a); 2002, P1/Q46; 2003, P1/Q202004, P1/Q7(b) Reference: Pages 41 to 53Guide

Extraction of aluminium Purification of bauxite Electrolysis of bauxitePhysical properties of aluminium Density Heat and electrical conductor

Hardness Application and usageChemical properties of aluminium Large negative value of electrode potential

Reaction with non-metallic elements by heating Thermite process

Reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid

Reaction that occurs when aluminium is heated in an alkaline solution

Bonding in aluminium compounds Formation of covalent compounds Formation of ionic compounds with reference to high ionisation energyThe Al3+ (aq) ion Formation of complex in aqueous solution

The coordination of water molecules in the formation of complex with reference to electrons

Bronsted-Lowry acids

Presence of stronger bases and the formation of aluminate ions [Al(OH)4]- Aluminium oxide Heating of aluminium hydroxide Amphoteric

Catalyst Thin layer chromatography

Aluminium hydroxide

Aluminium chloride Physical state at room temperature Solubility

Dimeric form

Hydrolysis of aluminium chloride

Used for:

Catalyst in the electrophilic substitution

Preparation of lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III)

Reducing agent

Preparation of aluminium chloride

Complex formation

The high charge density of Al3+ Presence of empty orbitals Acceptance of electrons from ligands

Six co-ordinated complexUses of aluminium and its compound

Recycling aluminium

Anodisation

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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

PAGE 1 Pearson Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. 2007