Initial Environmental Examination

June 2017

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management ProjectSubproject: Rehabilitation of Cagawasan Access Road

with Foot Trails in the Municipality of Dagohoy, Bohol

Prepared by the Municipality of Dagohoy, Province of Bohol for the Asian Development Bank.

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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 30 April 2017)

Currency unit – peso (PhP)PhP 1.00 = $ 0.02

$1.00 = PhP 49.00

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank BDC BISU

Barangay Development Council Bohol Island State University

CNC Certificate of Non Coverage DED Detail Engineering Design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources ECA Environmentally Critical Area ECC Environmental Compliance Certificate ECP Environmentally Critical Project EHSM Environmental Health and Safety Manager EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMB ESS

Environmental Management Bureau Environmental Safeguards Specialist

GAD Gender and Development IEE Initial Environmental Examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP Indigenous People LGU Local Government Unit MDC Municipal Development Council MPN Most Probable Number NECA Non Environmental Critical Area NECP Non Environmental Critical Project NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRM Natural Resources Management PDR Project Description Report PMIC Project Management Implementation Consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Offices PMU Project Management Unit POs Peoples’ Organizations PWD Persons With Disability RCPC Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices REA Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW Right of Way SB Sangguniang Bayan SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit

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SPS SSS

Safeguard Policy Statement Social Safeguards Specialist

TA Technical Assistance TDS Total Dissolved Solids TOR Terms of Reference WMA Watershed Management Area WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices

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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter

m asl – meter above sea level mm – millimeter

mg/L – milligram per liter ppt – parts per thousand % – percent

NOTE

In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………….. 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK……………….. 2

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements………………………………...... 2 1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines …………… 2 2. ADB environmental Assessment Guidelines …………………………………. 5

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT …………………………………………… 6

A. Overview …………………………………………………………………………. 6

B. Project Location ………………………………………………………………… 7

C. Project Rationale ……………………………………………………………….. 8

D. Project Development Plan …………………………………………………….. 10 1. General and Specific Objectives ……………………….................................. 10 2. Project Components …………………………………………………………….. 10 3. Description of the Project Phases ……………………………………………… 13

E. Manpower Requirements ……………………………………………………… 14

F. Project Cost ……………………………………………………………………… 14

G. Project duration and Schedule ……………………………………………….. 15

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ……………………………………. 16

A. Elevation and Slope ……………………………………………………………. 17

B. Geology …………………………………………………………………………… 18

C. Soils ……………………………………………………………………………….. 18

D. Water Quality …………………………………………………………………….. 19

E. Land Classification …….............................................................................. 21

F. Land Cover ………………………………………………………………………. 22

G. Climate ……………………………………………………………………………. 22

H. Hydrology and Water Resources …………………………………………….. 24

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I. Biological Environment ………………………………………………………… 24 1. Flora ……………………………………………………………………………. 24 2. Fauna -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25

J. Socio-economic Conditions …………………………………………………… 25

1. Population ……………………………………………………………………… 25 2. Population density and Gender ……………………………………………… 26 3. Health and Sanitation ………………………………………………………… 26 4. Water Supply ………………………………………………………………….. 27 5. Communication ……………………………………………………………….. 27 6. Education ……………………………………………………………………… 27 7. Electricity ………………………………………………………………………. 28 8. Minor and Major Occupation ………………………………………………… 28 9. Commerce and Industry ……………………………………………………… 28 10. Tourism ………………………………………………………………………… 29 11. Income and Expenditure ……………………………………………………… 29 12. Present Transport System ……………………………………………………. 30

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ………………………………………………………………………… 30 A. Pre-Construction …………………………………………………………………. 32 1. Confirmation of no resettlement, relocation and compensation …………… 32 2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-graveling will be done …………………………………………………………………….. 32

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work …….. 33 4. Recruitment of workers ……………………………………………………….. 33

B. Construction………………………………………………………………………. 33 1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access and storage system ………………………………………………………………………. 33 2. Clearing and removal of obstruction …………………………………………. 33 3. Soil erosion ……………………………………………………………………… 34 4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road …………………… 34 5. Civil works (concrete pavement) ……………………………………………… 34 6. Implementation of noise and dust control measures ……………………….. 35 7. Dust and noise from borrow pits …………………………………………….. 35 8. Implementation of Spoil Management and Control Measure ……………… 35 9. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work ………. 35 10. Water quality …………………………………………………………………….. 36 11. Construction of drainage system …………………………………………….. 36 12. Workers’ health, safety, and hygiene ………………………………………… 36 13. Traffic safety and management ………………………………………………. 36 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)…………………………………….. 37 15. Damaged to properties ………………..………………………………….…….. 37 16. Concrete washout ……………………………………………………………….. 37 17. Use of Hazardous Substances …….………………………………………….. 38 18. Public risks ………………………………….…………………………………….. 38

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C. Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Phase …………………………………… 38 1. Operation of upgraded access road ………………………………………….. 38 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ……………………………………………………………………. 38

A. Stakeholder Consultations ………………………………………………………. 38

B. Information Disclosure ……………………………………………………………. 41 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM …………………………………………. 42 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN …………………………………….. 43

A. Implementation Arrangements ………………………………………………….. 43

B. Environmental Mitigation ………………………………………………………… 45

C. Environmental Monitoring ………………………………………………………. 53

D. Attachments …………………………………………………………….……….. 56

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ………………………………….. 57 A. Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………… 57 B. Recommendations ……………………………………………………………….. 57

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LIST OF FIGURES Page

Figure 1. Location map of Dagohoy …………………………………………… ….. 6

Figure 2. Location map of Cagawasan ……………………………………………. 6

Figure 3. Map of the subproject influence area …………………………………… 7

Figure 4. Design of reinforced concrete pipe culvert ……………………………. 12

Figure 5. Roadway typical section (concrete pathway) …………………………. 12

Figure 6. Elevation and slope of Dagohoy Watershed …………………………… 17

Figure 7. Geologic map of Dagohoy Watershed …………………………………. 18

Figure 8. Rainfall pattern of Dagohoy Watershed ………………………….......... 23

Figure 9. Drainage buffer map of Dagohoy Watershed. …………………………. 25 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Summary list of ECP types and ECA categories …………………….. 3

Table 2. Revised guidelines for coverage screening and standardized requirements ………………………………………………………………………….. 4

Table 3. Summary of estimated cost of the project. ……………………………… 15

Table 4. Implementation schedule of the project………………………………….. 16

Table 5. Area of coverage of municipalities within the Dagohoy Watershed ……. 16 Table 6. Results of the physico-chemical analysis in Dagohoy Watershed …….. 19

Table 7. Land classification in Dagohoy Watershed …………………………….. 21

Table 8. Area coverage of land cover types by municipality in Dagohoy

Watershed …………………………………………………………………. 22

Table 9. Monthly rainfall data (mm) in Dagohoy Watershed from 2000-2012 …. 23

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Table 10. Location of Dagohoy Watershed creeks ………………………………… 24

Table 11. Population growth and total and projected population of Cagawasan……………………………………………………………….. 26

Table 12. Population, gender, and household size of Cagawasan……………… 26

Table 13. Student enrolment of Barangay Cagawasan………………………….. 27

Table 14. Nature of employment by gender ……………………………………… 28

Table 15. Types of commercial establishment in Cagawasan …………………. 29 Table 16. Barangay revenue and expenditures of Cagawasan………………….. 29 Table 17. Assessment of potential environmental impacts ……………………….. 30

Table 18. Public consultation on INREMP RI subproject beneficiaries from

Cagawasan, Dagohoy June 21, 2017 ..……………………….………. 39

Table 19. Responsibilities for EMP implementation ……………………………… 43

Table 20. Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ………………………………….. 45

Table 21. Community level construction monitoring form………………………... 54 Table 22. Environmental monitoring plan………………………………………..... 55 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A1. Attendance sheet of the consultation at Cagawasan, Dagohoy, Bohol. ……………………………………………………….. 59 Appendix A2. Photo-documentation of the consultation with Cagawasan, Dagohoy, Bohol beneficiaries of RI subproject ……......................... 61

Appendix B. Resolution from Barangay Cagawasan endorsing the project……. 64

Appendix C. Resolution from Sanggunian Bayan of Dagohoy affirming interest and support to the project ……………..……………………. 66 Appendix D. Road network of Dagohoy ………………………………………....... 64 Appendix E. Involuntary resettlement checklist for Municipality of Dagohoy, Bohol ……………………………………………………………………. 68

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Appendix F. GAD checklist for designing and evaluating infra projects …............ 70 Appendix G. Indigenous People checklist (IP) ………………………………….….. 73 Appendix H. Environemntal Impact Assessment, Management, and Monitoring Plan (EIAMMP) ………………………………..………… 78

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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This Initial Environmental Examination has been prepared for the Rehabilitation of Cagawasan Access Road with Foot Trails in the Municipality of Dagohoy, Bohol. This subproject is composed of three (3) major components: (1) 1000 m surface re-gravelling, (2) provision of RCPC, and (3) 1,250 m of concrete pavements. The main proponent of the project is the Local Government Unit of Dagohoy, Bohol assisted by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources – Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project. The project implementation will be co-managed by the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer. 2. The objective of the Rehabilitation of the Cagawasan Access Road is to uplift the quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, and increasing economic opportunities and conditions. Moreover, this proposed access road will also support the NRM project activities of the constituents. 3. The subproject has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Dagohoy rural infrastructure subproject and includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases and the formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Dagohoy with the cooperation of RPCO, PMU, WMCO, and POs. 4. The total cost of the sub-project is estimated to be Twelve Million and Seven Hundred Six Thousand Three Hundred Sixty Four Pesos and Thirty Six Centavos (PhP12,706,364.36). Majority of the project funding will be shouldered by the DENR - INREMP and LGU with a cost sharing of 80% and 20%, respectively. It will be assumed that the benefits of the sub-project will be the reduction of travel time by 20 minutes, transportation cost by 30%, cargo cost by 30%, and an increase of travel trips by 20%. This rehabilitation project will provide easy access in the implementation of NRM projects and other agricultural livelihood projects in the community. 5. Major land use along the road rehabilitation project is agriculture, which is part of production forest. This subproject is not located near or within ecologically sensitive areas. 6. This IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major negative environmental concerns because the proposed subproject will only improve the existing roadway and is located within existing right of way. There will only be localized negative short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works, but these impacts

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will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. 7. The IEE process included stakeholder’s participation and consultation to help LGUs achieve public acceptance of the subproject. A series of consultations with the influenced barangay of the local government of Dagohoy confirmed that the rehabilitation of the Cagawasan access road is essential to spur economic development. 8. A grievance redress mechanism will be established by the LGU of Dagohoy prior to commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed. 9. This IEE includes an environmental management plan which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU, through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer, will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are included in the bid and contract documents for detailed design, project supervision, and civil works. During construction, they will closely conduct monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance and the over-all EMP implementation. Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by LGU to ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure. 10. The major positive impact of the subproject will be economic and better accessibility. The subproject will directly benefit the people located within the two barangays by providing improved access and economic development. The subproject would also benefit the environment in terms of reduced soil erosion and landslides through slope stabilization measures and construction of retaining structures. Dust generation from the damaged roads will be reduced by the improvement of pavement. Health risk to the roadside communities and damage to the biological environment will be reduced due to pavement improvement and soil erosion control measures. 11. Overall, this subproject will have beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through the implementation of the EMP.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Environmental Clearance Requirements 1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations, and Guidelines 12. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1.

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Table 1. Summary list of ECP types and ECA categories.

I. A. List of ECPs

As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)

1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro-chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants

2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects)

3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges

As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996)

4. All golf course projects

B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981)

1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries

2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots

3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna)

4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests

5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes

6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.)

7. Areas with critical slopes

8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands

9. Recharged areas of aquifers

10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities

11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood.

12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines

13. Based on their type, size, and location, the projects have been classified into three (3) major groups:

• Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall into Group 1.

• Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report’ based on the size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non Coverage’.

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• Group III (Non Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.

This subproject is an improvement of existing barangay road which falls under the group of Non-ECP. Given that the Subproject is rehabilitation of access road with no more than 50% increase in capacity and no increase in length, the LGU of Dagohoy applied the Certificate on Non-Coverage (CNC) of the proposed subproject on January 24, 2017. Environmental consideration of the proposed project will be incorporated in an Environmental Management Plan were possible adverse impacts will be identified including the corresponding mitigating measures and following the DENR.

Table 2. Revised Guidelines for Coverage Screening and Standardized Requirements

Projects within the INREMP Menu of

Subprojects

Covered (Required to secure ECC) Not covered

(may secure CNC) Project size parameters /

Remarks CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D

EIS EIS IEE Checklist Project Description

(Part I only)

3.1Dams, Water Supply

and Flood Control Project

3.1.1DAMS (including those for irrigation, flood control, water source and hydropower projects) including run-of-river type

≥ 25 hectares OR ≥ 20 million m3

>5 hectares but

<25 hectares OR

>5 million m3 but

<20 million m3

≤5 hectares AND

≤5 million m3 NONE

Reservoir flooded/inund

ated area or/and water

storage capacity

3.1.2Irrigation projects (distribution system only)

NONE ≥1,000

hectares (service area)

>300 but <1,000

hectares ≤300 hectares Service area

3.1.3 Water Supply Projects (without dam)

NONE

With water source (e.g. infiltration

gallery, etc.) and water treatment facilities including

desalination, reverse

osmosis (RO)

Level III (Distribution system only)

Level II / Level I Water refilling

station

3.4 Roads and Bridges

3.4.2 Roads, widening, rehabilitation and/or improvement

NONE

>50% increase in capacity (or

in terms of length/width)

AND ≥20km,

(length with no critical slope) OR

≥10km (length with critical

slope)

>50% increase in capacity (or

in terms of length/width)

AND >2km but

<20km, (length with no critical

slope) OR ≥10km (length

with critical slope)

>50% increase in capacity (or in terms of length/width) BUT

≤ 2km increase in length

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Projects within the INREMP Menu of

Subprojects

Covered (Required to secure ECC) Not covered

(may secure CNC) Project size parameters /

Remarks CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D

EIS EIS IEE Checklist Project Description

(Part I only)

3.4.3 Bridges and viaducts (including elevated roads), new construction

≥10km ≥5km but

<10km >50m but

<5km

≤50m Regardless of length for footbridges or for

pedestrian only

3.4.4 Bridges and viaducts (including elevated roads), rehabilitation and/or improvement

NONE

≥50% increase in capacity (or

in terms of length/width)

OR ≥10km

>50% increase in capacity (or

in terms length/width)

but <total length of 10km

≤50% increase in capacity (or in terms of length/width) but

≤2km increase in length

3.6 Buildings including

Housing, Storage facilities and Other Structures

3.6.2 Storage facilities with no hazardous or toxic materials.

NONE ≥ 5 hectare >1 hectare

but <5 hectare

≤ 1 hectare

Total/gross floor area including

parking, open space and

other areas

1. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements

14. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C, or FI) as follows:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required.

• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but

of lesser degree and/or significance than those for Category A projects. Impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases, mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required.

• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental

impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed.

• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks the FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental

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safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

15. According to Philippines’ environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Overview

16. The general objective of the Rehabilitation of Cagawasan Access Road with Foot Trails is to uplift the quality of life of the people thru the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions. The proposed access road will support the national resources management project activities of the constituents. 17. To ensure accessibility of communities of basic social services delivery, repair and maintenance of roads, spillways and drainage systems are among the infrastructure concerns identified by the community and specifically expressed in their Barangay Development Plans for specific funding assistance by the local government unit. 18. The rehabilitation of the existing road will surely increase the economic and socio-cultural activities of the influence areas. In achieving this level, the following scenarios are compared and/or considered:

a) Traditional Farming – The production area will be maximized. Almost 20 hectares of NRM project will be realized. A newly rehabilitated road will enable easy access of production inputs, thus maximizing the production area.

b) Natural Resource Management – The members of the Cagawasan Farmer’s Association will have convenient access of bringing the planting materials and other inputs during their NRM activities.

19. As a result, it is clear that there is a very wide gap between the supply or services that exist today and the demand that will be needed in the future. Farmer’s production and productivity would improve, agricultural products and volume would increase, and reforestation areas would increase given the completion of the rehabilitation of the Cagawasan access road.

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B. Project Location

20. Dagohoy is located in the central part of Bohol (Figure 1). It is 73 kilometers away from the City of Tagbilaran. Barangay Cagawasan, the influence area of the project, is 8 km away from the urban center of Dagohoy. The relative location of Cagawasan is shown in Figure 2. The proposed rehabilitation road is shown in Figure 3 which is about 2.25 km.

Figure 2. Location map of Cagawasan, Bohol

Figure 1. Location of Dagohoy, Bohol

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21. The total land area of the Municipality of Dagohoy is 12,495 hectares, which is about 3% of the total provincial land area. A portion or 27% of the land area is classified as forestland; the remaining 73% is alienable and disposable (A&D). The Municipality is composed of 15 barangays, one (1) of which is in the urban center with an area of 966 hectares, while 14 barangays comprising 11,529 hectares are considered rural. As observed in Figure 3, the proposed site traverses the existing NGP, within forestland and potential for agroforestry, but far from A&D lands. 22. Barangay Cagawasan is situated at the northernmost part of the municipality. The place is accessible by means of a 4-meter wide graveled road and a portion of concrete pavement passing through Barangay Mahayag. 23. The influence barangay has a total land area of 1,486 hectares where a portion is classified as forestlands. They are bounded in the north by the Municipality of San Miguel, in the south by Barangay Mahayag, in the northwest by the Municipality of Danao, and in the west by Barangay Cagawitan.

Figure 3. Location map of Cagawasan

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C. Project Rationale

24. In the past, before the operation of a construction firm’s quarry, people living in Sitio Pag-asa used only trails in going to the Barangay Proper of Cagawasan. A 4-meter wide access road was developed out of the trail when the construction company started their operation in the area. There was no recorded case of involuntary resettlement due to very few people or settlers in the area. There was also no record of damages to farm areas. The construction company operated in the area for 3 years. When the construction company ceased to operate, the road was left "unmaintained" because the LGU then has no enough funds to utilize. Until this time, the Barangay and Municipal Government Unit cannot maintain the road due to very limited resources. Currently, the existing road has 1 km graveled and 1.25 km foot trail. Thus, the proposed rehabilitation covers 2.25 km that is within the timberland. 25. Based on information from the Municipal Planning and Development Office and Municipal Engineering Office, no involuntary resettlement happened nor any compensation made during the abovementioned period.

26. Other road networks in the area from junction Mahayag National Road to Barangay Cagawasan Proper, and to the Provincial Road going to the Municipality of Danao are graveled and are being maintained by Barangay Cagawasan. Produce and other goods coming in or out of the area are being transported with difficulty because the most often mode of transportation is through motorcycle locally termed as “habal-habal”. No large production centers (grain mills etc.) are available in the area. On the average, farm lots are no bigger than 0.5 hectares. Agricultural products are corn, rice, and coconut.

27. The road maintenance and operation are currently under the LGU-Barangay Cagawasan with budget from the LGU’s 20% development fund. This meager fund is still not enough for regular maintenance, thus making transport of products and services very problematic and difficult for all people living in Cagawasan.

28. Vulnerable sectors, especially senior citizens, women, children, and persons with disabilities (PWDs) are deprived of their rights to mobility and accessibility to goods and services for their own consumption. The people in the community are trained mostly to weave handicrafts that are made of tikog (for women) and planting root crops such as camote (sweet potato) and lutya (yam) for their livelihood in addition to farming (rice, corn, cassava, etc.), which is their main economic activity. The Cagawasan Farmers’ Association, a people’s organization, is in partnership with the Barangay and Municipal government in the development of the area.

29. The main source of income and livelihood is farming and livestock raising. However, these activities are very much affected by the poor condition of the road. The demands for the affordability of basic necessities that could only be bought from the urban centers are affected by the poor road network. Health and nutrition indicators reveal that they are generally in need of additional health providers. Although health centers are providing services in the barangay, health technicians and medicines are scarce because of inaccessibility. The transport condition also makes the fare rates high; hence people tend to avail their basic needs from unscrupulous businessmen engaged in the area.

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30. During the barangay assemblies, consultative meetings, and even in Municipal development council meetings, all the road users expressed their desire for an accessible and affordable transport system. A study from CBMS shows that if the road network will be improved, operated, and maintained, the agricultural production of the influence area will likely increase. 31. As presented above, it is very clear that a wide gap exists between the supply of services today and the demand that will be needed in the future. Farmers’ production and productivity will improve, agricultural products and volume will increase, and reforestation areas will increase if the rehabilitation of the access road will be completed. D. Project Development Plan

General Objective 32. The general objective of the Proposed Rehabilitation/Improvement of Cagawasan Barangay Road is the provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access, thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions, and uplifting the quality of life of the inhabitants not only in the influence area but in other adjacent barangays in the Municipality.

Specific Objectives

33. The following are the specific objectives of the proposed subproject:

to reduce maintenance cost of vehicles by 20%;

to reduce fare by about 30%;

to reduce travel time by 50%;

to maximize production area by 20%;

to reduce transportation cost of cargo by 30%; and

to support NRM project sites.

Project Components

Design Consideration 34. The municipality has a total of 104.39 km roads that link all 15 barangays. About 14.838 km are paved while 1.28 km are asphalted wherein 65.44 km are graveled and the remaining 22.83 km are earthed, which are impassable by 4-wheel vehicles during rainy days compelling the farmers to transport their farm/forest products by motorcycles at high cost. These impassable roads include the proposed 2.25 km Cagawasan access road. This road section requires rehabilitation/improvement by constructing culverts, resurfacing, and concrete paving of priority sections to make it an all-weather road.

Design and Specifications

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35. The scope of works of this subproject consists of three (3) major components as follows:

a. 1,000 meters surface re-gravelling at Sta. 0+000 to Sta. 1+000 b. Provision of RCPC at Sta. 0+038 c. 1,250 meters concrete pavement (pathway) at Sta. 1+000 to Sta. 2+250

36. The 1,000 meters surface re-gravelling will start from Sta. 0+000 to Sta. 1+000. Its aggregate sub-base course (Item 200) shall have an average thickness of 6 inches or 150 mm. The aggregate base course (Item 201) shall be 4 inches or 100 mm. On top of the aggregate base course is the aggregate surface course (Item 300) and shall be 6 inches or 150mm. There is a 1-meter shoulder on both sides before the natural canal. Placing of the aggregates shall conform with the standard requirements for road construction to achieve standard road level and stability.

37. The provision of cross drains at Sta. 0+038 shall be 610 mm diameter RCPC installed with gravel bedding of 4 inches or 100 mm base course and headwall stone masonry.

38. From Sta. 1+000 to Sta. 2+250 is a concrete pathway. Big trees on the sides of this proposed pathway are to be preserved. Considering this and the steep slope, a wider pathway or road cannot be constructed. The concrete pathway shall have 1 meter width with a thickness of 6 inches or 150mm and a shoulder of 0.50 meter on both sides. On the sides of the shoulder, geo-nets are to be placed to stabilize the soil with a width of 2.25 meters each side.

The following are the major technical specifications of the project:

39. Clearing and Removal of Obstructions. This item shall consist of clearing, grubbing, removing, and disposing all shrubs as designated in the contract. No trees will be cut in the implementation of the project.

40. Construction of Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert. This item shall consist of 610 mm diameter RCPC installed with gravel bedding of 4 inches or 100 mm base course and headwall stone masonry (Figure 4). 41. Roadway Gravelling. This item shall consist of furnishing, placing, and compacting aggregate base course on a prepared grade in accordance with this specification and in conformity with the lines, grades, and typical cross sections shown on the plans.

42. Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP for road gradients of 12% and above) – This item shall consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete, constructed on the prepared base in accordance with the specifications and in conformity with lines, grades, thickness, and typical cross-section shown on the plans, or as established by the Engineer.

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Figure 4. Design of reinforced concrete pipe culvert

Figure 5. Roadway typical section (concrete pathway)

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1. Description of the Project Phases

a. Pre-Construction Phase/Pre-Development Phase

43. The LGU of Dagohoy, together with the different sectors within the Municipality, formulated the Annual Investment Plan for CY 2017 and one of the priority projects identified by majority is the improvement/rehabilitation of Cagawasan Access Road.

44. The Sangguniang Bayan (SB) or Municipal Council created a Resolution establishing support to the implementation of rural Infrastructure as one component of the Project, and affirming the interest of the Mayor and authorizing him (Mayor) to enter into a contract for construction in lieu of the implementation of the subproject (See Appendix C for SB resolution affirming interest and support to the project).

45. With the involvement of the LGU in the project activities of INREMP, particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, time and effort were dedicated in participating with the orientation, consultation, planning, and training activities of the Project. The subproject also implicated some expenses to the LGU during meetings and field activities in the municipality and for transport costs in attending trainings, workshops, and conferences conducted by the Project outside the Municipality of Dagohoy.

46. The conduct of meeting and consultations were many and tedious in which the LGU devoted much time and effort. Expenses for these activities were also partly supported by the LGU.

47. As part of the agreement between parties involved in the project, the LGU, as the proponent, shall prepare the Subproject Proposal Document (SPD) starting from the submission of the Concept Proposal. Data input and primary activities necessary for the preparation of the SPD were performed by the LGU. In line with the preparation of the SPD is the primary agreement of providing an Equity Counterpart in the form of cash appropriation, which is 20% of the estimated subproject cost. Details of the equity’s appropriation are discussed in the economic section of this document. Another agreement is the preparation of the Detailed Engineering Design (DED) in which the Engineering Office of the LGU shall be greatly involved. The Municipal Engineering Office will be responsible for the design and preparation of the working drawings or Plans, detailed cost estimates to include the required Bill of Quantities (BOQ), and the technical specifications. After the subproject is approved, the mentioned documents will be part and parcel of the Bidding Document, which will be the main document to be used in the procurement of the subproject. The conduct of the road survey and the preparation of the Detailed Engineering Design (DED) are technically assisted by the Provincial Engineer’s Office of the Provincial Government of Bohol.

b. Construction Phase

48. The detailed engineering design of the proposed subproject was handled by the Municipal Engineer’s Office.

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49. The mode of implementation is by contract. The Bids and Awards Committee will initiate and finalize the contract to prospective contractors. The bidder with the lowest and most responsive bid amount will win the contract. Though the project is generally equipment-assisted, labor coming from the barangay people is given serious considerations not only for livelihood but also for them to be involved in the project thereby instilling the sense of ownership for sustainability. The Municipal Engineer’s Office headed by the Municipal Engineer shall supervise the said subproject to be assisted by the office staff.

c. Abandonment Phase

50. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but will be restored for functional use. Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle the temporary shelters and the construction yard including the unserviceable vehicles and equipment.

51. Wastes to be generated during the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of leftover sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails and welding roads), and lumber.

52. The operation and maintenance of the road section will be handled by Barangay Cagawasan and the Municipal Engineer’s Office. The Municipal Engineer and an assigned barangay official will oversee the accessibility and soundness of the road all year round.

E. Manpower Requirements

53. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled, and unskilled manpower will be available in the area. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities. Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known engineering firms. 54. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project. 55. The contractors shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing, and monitoring of the project. F. The Project Cost

56. Subproject Cost, as estimated, has a total amount of PhP 12,706,364.36, which includes the Direct Costs (materials, labor, and equipment), Indirect Costs (Overhead, Contingencies, Miscellaneous), and Taxes. The Total Direct Cost is PhP 9,696,554.00. The Indirect Cost is PhP 1,648,414.18 which includes OCM - 9%- PhP 872,689.86 and Contractor’s Profit – 8% - PhP 775,724.32. Tax is 12% of Direct Cost plus Indirect Cost that is equal to PhP 1,361,396.18. See Table 3 below for the summary of the preliminary cost estimate.

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Table 3. Summary of estimated cost of the project.

DESCRIPTION WT. % QTY. UNIT

AMOUNT (PhP)

1 Gravelling of road 49.71 1000 L.M. 4,820.000.00

2 Provision of RCPC cross detail

0.75 1 Lot 72,729.00

3 Provision of concrete pavement

49.54 1250 L.M. 4,803,825.00

Total direct cost 100 9,696,554.00

4 OCM (9% of DC) 872,689.86

5 Contractor’s profit (8% of DC) 775,724.32

Total indirect cost 1,648,414.18

6 Taxes (12% of DC+IDC) 1,361,396.18

Total subproject cost 12,706,364.36 (80%) Grant PhP 10,165,091.49; (20%) Equity PhP 2,541,272.87

57. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total subproject cost, as presented, will be covered by INREMP and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU (Dagohoy, Bohol) as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Local Development Fund. The amount of equity counterpart based from the presented table of subproject cost above is PhP 2,541,272.87.

G. Project Duration and Schedule

58. After the validation of the proposed subproject by the National Project Coordinating Office (NPCO), the LGU-SPMU finalized and completed the Subproject Proposal Document (SPD). The completed SPD will be submitted to NPCO for review and concurrence. During these stages, the DED is simultaneously being prepared by the LGU Engineering Unit. The DED shall then be translated into a Bidding Document once the SPD is approved by the council. Simultaneously, Certificate of Non-Coverage, Special Land Use Permit, and Certificate of No Overlap will be applied. Procurement period should take three months to comply with the ADB Procurement Guidelines. Procurement period may start on August 2017 and shall take 3 weeks to comply with the Procurement Guidelines, thus the Subproject is expected to be awarded within the month of October 2017. Construction as indicated below (Table 4) will take 12 months or 365 calendar days which may start and end on November 2017 and October 2018, respectively. After the completion of construction works, the LGU will prepare the completion documents until November 2018 and the turn-over ceremonies shall also take place at the same time.

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Table 4. Implementation schedule of the project

Subproject Milestones

2016 2017 2018

J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D SPD Preparation

SPD Review and Approval

DED Preparation

Procurement Stage

Construction Stage

Completion and Turn-over

O&M Activity

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

59. The Dagohoy Watershed is the biggest watershed that comprises the Wahig Inabanga River Basin. It lies between coordinates 9°45’00” to 10°00’00” North and 124°15’00” to 124°30’00” East across the municipalities of Alicia, Carmen, Dagohoy, Danao, Pilar, San Miguel, Sierra Bullones, and Ubay covering 41 barangays.

60. The total land area of the watershed is 21,740 hectares. Almost 39% (or 8,458 hectares) of its total land area is found in the municipality of Dagohoy. Ubay has the least area of only 301 hectares or 1.39% of the watershed (Table 5).

Table 5. Area of coverage of municipalities within the Dagohoy Watershed.

MUNICIPALITY AREA COVERED (HA) AREA COVERED (%)

Alicia 761 3.50

Carmen 3,248 14.94

Dagohoy 8,458 38.91

Danao 2,636 12.13

Pilar 4,515 20.77

San Miguel 820 3.77

Sierra Bullones 1,000 4.60

Ubay 301 1.39

Total 21,740 100 Note: DENR GIS generated data using IFASR DEM and barangay political boundary map.

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A. Elevation and Slope

61. The variations in elevation of a watershed are important factors relating to temperature and rainfall. The Dagohoy Watershed, generally, is less than 500 m in elevation. Almost 80% or 17,722 hectares of the entire area have an elevation range of 100-200 m. These are mostly found in the towns of Dagohoy and Pilar. The highest elevation range of 400-500 m is found in Montesuerte, Carmen and La Esperanza, Poblacion, and San Vicente, Dagohoy (Figure 6). In particular, the proposed road rehabilitation has an average elevation of 130 m asl with an average slope of 3.5%.

62. The slope of a watershed is an important factor that affects the magnitude of floodwaters, the time of overland flow, and the time of rainfall concentration in rivers. Generally, very steep slopes heighten the occurrence of flooding. The topography of the Dagohoy Watershed is classified into five (5) categories based on DMC 2008-08 slope classification. About 57.03% or 12,398 hectares falls within the 0~8 slope class, described as gently sloping or level to undulating. These are mostly observed in the municipalities of Dagohoy, Danao, Pilar, and San Miguel. The lowest slope class of above 50% comprises only 137 hectares or less than 0.63% of the total land area.

Figure 6. Elevation and slope of Dagohoy watershed

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B. Geology

63. The Dagohoy watershed is composed of four (4) rock formations - the Carmen Formation, Sierra Bullones Limestone, Undifferentiated Andesite and Basalt Lava Flows, and Wahig Orbitoid Limestone. All the eight (8) municipalities in the watershed have a geologic rock of Carmen Formation covering 16,248 hectares, Undifferentiated Andesite and Basalt Lava Flows covering 5,222 hectares are also in all municipalities except in Alicia, Pilar, Sierra Bullones, and Ubay while Wahig Orbitoid Limestone covering the least with 21 hectares are in the municipality of Dagohoy.

C. Soils

64. The Dagohoy Watershed has two (2) types of soil namely, Ubay clay and Ubay clay loam (Figure 8). Ubay clay loam has a larger area of 12,147 hectares or 55.88% of the total area of the watershed while Ubay clay has 9,593 hectares (44.12%).

65. The top horizon, A, is characterized as very hard when dry and behaves as coarse silt, rounded particle, Alluvial, stream deposited. The next lower horizons, B and C, have highly mineralized particles. The residual soil is not easily affected by water. It is sometimes semi-rock at depth, cream in color, and has the same volcanic parent body.

Figure 7. Geologic map of Dagohoy watershed

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D. Water quality

66. The most important source of heat for fresh water is generally the sun, although temperature can also be affected by the temperature of water inputs (such as precipitation, surface runoff, groundwater, and water from upstream tributaries) and heat lost or gained by evaporation or condensation. Human activities may also affect water temperature, such as the discharge of cooling water or heated industrial effluents, agriculture, and forest harvesting. 67. The river water quality assessment of Dagohoy Watershed was conducted on October 28, 2014. The standard procedures in the conduct of water quality monitoring (i.e. field sampling, transport, preservation, analysis and sample chain custody) were strictly followed. The samples were properly preserved before and during the transport to the TECHNOLAB Analytical Group, Inc. Laboratory in Cebu City. The sample analysis was undertaken following the prescribed method of analysis (Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater). As shown in Table 6, results of the water quality testing in Dagohoy watershed revealed that the six (6) sampling stations had a temperature of 27.5°C, 28°C, 29°C, 29°C, 29°C, and 27°C, respectively. The mean average temperature was 28.25°C, which indicates that the water in the watershed was within the normal range for surface water. Table 6. Results of the physico-chemical analysis in Dagohoy Watershed

Parameters Sampling Station

1 2 3 4 5 6

Temperature Result 27.5 28 29 29 29 27 DENR Standard (max. rise of 3°C)

pH (range) Result 8.07 8.01 8.03 8.20 7.94 8.18 Condition basic basic basic basic basic basic DENR Standard (6.0-9.0)

passed passed passed passed passed passed

Conductivity Result 0.66 0.1.04 0.34 0.44 0.66 0.48 DENR Standard

No Standard set by DENR

COD, mg/l Result 20 50 10 20 10 10 DENR Standard

No Standard set by DENR

Salinity Result 2.9 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.2 DENR Standard

No Standard set by DENR

Total Dissolved Solids

Result 440 693 226 293 440 320 DENR Standard (1,000)

passed Passed passed passed passed passed

Ca, mg/l Result 12 21 8.2 9.8 15 8.1 DENR Standard

No Standard set by DENR

Nitrate-N, mg/l

Result 0.52 0.47 0.54 0.41 0.47 0.54 DENR Standard No Standard set by DENR for Class D

Phosphate as P, mg/l

Result <0.01 0.01 0.04 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 DENR Standard No Standard set by DENR for Class D

68. A pH of 7 is neutral; values lower than 7 means acidic, and higher than 7 means basic (Cunningham and Saigo, 1995). The water samples taken from the six (6) sampling stations in Dagohoy watershed varied slightly in pH values. All stations

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indicated alkalinity values of 8.07, 8.01, 8.03, 8.20, 7.94, and 8.18, respectively, with an average of 8.07. Based on the standards of DENR, with pH of 6.0-9.0 as the normal range, the pH values of the water in Dagohoy watershed conformed to the standard set by DENR.

69. The result of conductivity test for the sampling stations revealed a value of 0.66 µS/cm, 1.04 µS/cm, 0.34 µS/cm, 0.44 µS/cm, 0.66 µS/cm, and 0.48 µS/cm, respectively. With the average value of 0.60µS/cm, it showed that the water in all sampling stations had a minimum concentration of electrolyte ions or had low conductivity. DAO 34-90 has no conductivity parameter for water quality.

70. The result for Chemical Oxygen Demand test in Dagohoy Watershed sampling stations were 20 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 10 mg/l, 20 mg/l, 10 mg/l, and 10 mg/l, respectively. The average value was 20 mg/l. DENR does not have a guideline value for COD.

71. The result of salinity test of the water from the sampling stations of Dagohoy Watershed showed 2.9 ppt, 3.2 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 2.5 ppt, 2.9 ppt, and 2.2, respectively. The average salinity was 2.7 ppt which indicates that the water in the watershed had low salinity.

72. The TDS values of the water samples in this study varied among the six (6) sampling stations. Sampling Stations 1 to 6 had values of 440 mg/l, 693 mg/l, 226 mg/l, 293 mg/l, 440 mg/l, and 320 mg/l, respectively showing lower levels of dissolved solids compared to the standard set by DENR which is 1000 mg/l. This revealed that the TDS of the water samples conformed to the prescribed standard.

73. In terms of calcium, Sampling Stations 1 to 6 had values of 12, 21, 8.2, 9.8, 15, and 8.1, respectively. With an average of 12.35, this indicates that the water in the watershed had a low Ca mg/l value. Again, DENR has no quality standard for Calcium.

74. The result of nitrate analysis conducted in Dagohoy Watershed Sampling Stations 1 to 6 were 0.52 mg/l, 0.47 mg/l, 0.54 mg/l, 0.41 mg/l, 0.47 mg/l, and 0.54 mg/l. Similarly, DENR does not have a guideline value for Nitrate and Nitrogen for Class D water.

75. Dagohoy Watershed was also tested for phosphate, and Sampling Stations 1, 2, 4, and 6 had values of 0.01, <0.01, while Station 3 had a value of 0.04, and Station 5 had 0.02. DENR does not also have a guideline value for phosphate for Class D water. 76. Fecal Coliforms should be less than 500 MPN/100 ml (www.pwp.org.ph). Results showed that Sampling Station 1 had a value of 3.5x104 Most Probable Number (MPN), Station 2 had 3.5x103 MPN, Station 3 had 3.3x102 MPN, Station 4 had 5.4x103 MPN, Station 5 had 9.2x103 MPN, and Station 6 had 49 MPN. Yet, DAO 34-90 does not have a guideline value for fecal coliforms for Class D water. For total coliform, Sampling Stations 1 to 6 had values of 4.3x104 MPN, 3.5x103 MPN, 3.3x102 MPN, 5.4x103 MPN, 2.5x102 MPN, and 2.0 MPN, respectively. It was evident that most of the water samples from all the stations were highly contaminated, and this denotes potential public health hazards.

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E. Land classification

77. In terms of land classification, the Dagohoy watershed is classified into two (2), namely; Forestland (FL) and Alienable and Disposable Land (A&D). Most of the watershed area is classified as Alienable and Disposable Land covering 18,702 hectares or about 86.03% of the total land area, whereas, the Forestland covers only 3,038 hectares which is 13.97% of the total land area (Table 7).

78. The municipality of Dagohoy has the biggest political jurisdiction of the alienable and disposable lands in Dagohoy Watershed with 6,635 hectares (30.52%) followed by the municipality of Pilar with 4,502 hectares (20.71%). The two municipalities accounted for the biggest hectarage devoted to agriculture being planted with rice and other agricultural crops. 79. Of the forestland areas, municipalities of Dagohoy and Danao occupy the biggest parcel of land of about 1,823 hectares and 1,089 hectares, respectively. This implicates for a sustainable management and protection of its remaining natural resources as the watershed, especially the open forest, gives a lot of benefits to its inhabitants. Moreover, development of open access areas/untenured lands must be given priority based on the criteria in determining appropriate land management regime (Table 7). Table 7. Land classification in Dagohoy Watershed

MUNICIPALITY LAND CLASSIFICATION

A&D % A&D FL %FL Total % Total

Alicia 678 3.12% 83 0.38% 761 3.50%

Carmen 3,248 14.94% - 0.00% 3,248 14.94%

Dagohoy 6,635 30.52% 1,823 8.39% 8,458 38.91%

Danao 1,547 7.12% 1,089 5.01% 2,636 12.13%

Pilar 4,502 20.71% 13 0.06% 4,515 20.77%

San Miguel 791 3.64% 29 0.14% 820 3.77%

Sierra-Bullones 1,000 4.60% - 0.00% 1,000 4.60%

Ubay 301 1.39% - 0.00% 301 1.39%

TOTAL 18,702 86.02% 3,038 13.97% 21,740 100.00%

Note: DENR GIS generated data using IFSAR DEM, watershed boundary, and municipal political boundary maps

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F. Land cover

80. Dagohoy watershed is composed of seven (7) vegetative cover types namely: inland water, cultivated annual crop, grassland, built-up area, cultivated perennial crop, open forest, and other wooded shrubland. The land cover type of Dagohoy watershed is presented in Table 8 with corresponding area coverage. 81. The watershed is predominately covered with cultivate annual crop of about 11,987 hectares followed by cultivated perennial crops with estimated area coverage of 6,862 hectares. Bigger areas in watershed are devoted to cultivated annual and perennial crops since majority (86%) of the entire area of the watershed is classified as alienable and disposable lands. Furthermore, the smallest land cover is inland water with an area of 23 hectares located only in the municipality of Danao, the lowest portion of the watershed. However, open forest with an area of 732 hectares is observed in the municipalities of Dagohoy. In particular, the upper portion of Cagawasan is being proposed as a production forest where the NRM project is located. Portions are planted with agro-forest trees and agricultural crops while some areas are devoted for banana production. It is in this area that the proposed rehabilitation of the existing farm to market road is situated.

Table 8. Area coverage of land cover types by municipality in Dagohoy Watershed

LA

ND

CO

VE

R T

YP

E

AL

ICIA

CA

RM

EN

DA

GO

HO

Y

DA

NA

O

PIL

AR

SA

N M

IGU

EL

SIE

RR

A

BU

LL

ON

ES

UB

AY

TO

TA

L

Annual Crop 663 365 5,395 203 4,287 721 54 299 11,987

Built-up - 2 38 35 17 - - - 92

Grassland - 61 - 71 - 2 - - 134

Inland Water - - 2 23 1 - - - 26

Open Forest - - 732 - - - - - 732

Perennial Crop 98 2,820 1,100 1,631 209 54 946 2 6,862

Shrubs - - 1,191 672 - 43 - - 1,907

Total 761 3,248 458 2,636 4,515 820 1,000 301 21,740

Note: DENR GIS generated data using IFSAR DEM, land classification, land cover, and municipal political boundary maps

G. Climate

82. The climatic condition of Dagohoy Watershed falls under Type IV of Corona’s Classification which means that the rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. The distribution of rainfall is influenced by the prevailing airstreams, the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ), and island’s topography.

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a. Rainfall

83. Based on the rainfall data taken from the National Irrigation Authority (NIA) Pilar Field Station from 2000 to 2012 (Table 9), the Dagohoy Watershed has a mean annual rainfall of 2,228.07 mm, or equivalent to 6.1 mm per day. The lowest monthly average rainfall occurs in April at 71.7 mm, while highest rainfall occurs in December at 255.31 mm. This minimum and maximum average rainfall is equivalent to 2.39 mm/day and 8.23 mm/day, respectively.

84. The wettest months usually start from December until February, which collectively account for 670.81 mm rainfall or 30% of the total annual average precipitation. Water level of the Malinao Dam during these months is very high which could support production of large agricultural areas in the lowlands especially during the months of March, April, and May when rainfall is very minimal (Figure 8). The high annual agricultural commodity production, particularly rice, is primarily attributed to the presence of NIA irrigation facility.

Table 9. Monthly rainfall data (mm) in Dagohoy Watershed from 2000-2012.

YEAR MONTH

Total Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2000 159.30 263.90 251.00 55.30 126.20 261.20 152.80 206.20 174.00 359.30 318.60 201.80 2,529.60

2001 130.70 97.70 109.60 55.50 177.00 104.70 112.50 208.90 252.70 135.90 472.40 324.20 2,181.80

2002 174.00 230.60 198.40 44.40 192.00 257.60 149.80 243.60 138.20 321.30 53.20 66.40 2,069.50

2003 209.40 132.00 28.60 45.70 173.70 242.00 157.00 299.40 209.40 126.80 101.50 559.70 2,285.20

2004 107.30 317.10 276.80 44.50 196.20 208.80 161.20 12.80 88.50 231.30 90.20 135.40 1,870.10

2005 33.90 23.10 85.00 14.00 69.90 278.90 445.20 282.40 448.90 175.00 73.10 382.30 2,311.70

2006 231.40 545.20 58.30 63.50 107.10 335.50 10.90 119.30 140.10 76.60 26.20 201.60 1,915.70

2007 244.00 11.40 24.20 10.60 155.70 132.60 216.30 367.80 239.40 58.50 151.70 206.40 1,818.60

2008 360.10 130.20 206.00 134.80 137.00 345.20 202.20 182.20 169.90 169.40 224.70 223.10 2,484.80

2009 167.00 302.30 98.60 303.00 71.00 190.20 264.40 87.20 173.70 106.20 298.40 167.50 2,229.50

2010 226.70 64.20 47.10 86.10 126.90 185.80 155.30 371.20 160.50 216.80 82.70 184.70 1,908.00

2011 583.90 242.90 439.00 28.00 166.80 107.90 170.70 271.90 219.60 293.60 187.60 406.60 3,118.50

2012 201.90 211.30 317.60 46.70 83.50 92.80 185.40 109.70 131.30 442.50 159.90 259.30 2,241.90

Mean 217.66 197.84 164.63 71.70 137.15 211.02 183.36 212.51 195.86 208.71 172.32 255.31 2,228.07

Note: Monthly rainfall data from 2000-2012 from NIA - Pilar

Source: National Irrigation Administration (NIA)-Dagohoy Field Station 2003-2012

Average Monthly Rainfall (mm) of Dagohoy Watershed

Figure 8. Rainfall Pattern of Dagohoy Watershed

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H. Hydrology/water resources

85. Dagohoy watershed has a total of 178 streams. It has up to 5th stream orders with a mean value of 0.82 and many number of 1st order streams draining water to several number of higher order streams which indicates that lower discharge will be directly concentrated in the main channel, hence low risk to flooding (Figure 9). 86. The summary of result of watershed shape parameters computation showed that the watershed is not prone to flooding. However, in Dagohoy watershed, the drainage system had changed over long period of time. The drainage system had been observed to be wider due to riverbanks erosion especially during strong flow of water. 87. The average stream discharge of Dagohoy watershed is 384.17 liters per second (Table 10).

Table 10. Location of Dagohoy watershed Creeks

NAME OF TRIBUTARIES AND LOCATION AVERAGE DISCHARGE (l/sec)

1. Hamoog Creek - Candelaria, Dagohoy 780.91

2. Mas-ing Creek - Poblacion, Dagohoy 604.80

3. Cansudlao Creek - Malitbog, Dagohoy 202.50

4. Cagawitan Creek - Cagawitan, Dagohoy 19.80

5. Katoboan Creek - Poblacion, Danao 312.84

Average 384.17 Source: Dagohoy Watershed Characterization Report (2014)

I. Biological Environment

1. Flora

88. Based on Bohol Island State University (BISU) Rapid Biodiversity Assessment (RaBA) Report in 2013, out of 52 total species identified, the dominant vegetation for overstorey tree cover (above 20 cm DBH) of Dagohoy watershed is Antipolo (Artocarpus blancoi), followed by Hambabalud (Neonauclea formicaria (Elm.) Merr.) and Big-leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla). 89. For the understorey tree cover (below 20 cm DBH), a total of 49 species were identified, with Big-leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) as the dominant species, followed by Yemane (Gmelina arborea) and Hambabalud (Neonauclea formicaria (Elm.). The dominance of Big-leaf Mahogany and Yemane is probably because of their being favored as reforestation species and their adaptability with physical factors that favors the growth features of the species. 90. Out of 92 total species identified, Cogon (Imperata cylindrica) is the most dominant followed by ferns species and Sarat (Scleria scrobiculata). Cogon dominates in all sample areas since this species favors the open ground and moderate

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elevations. It is also easily dispersed by wind since its seeds are too light and germinate easily in a conducive environment. 91. There are no trees and crops on the right of way of the proposed road rehabilitation project. There are also no endangered and critically endangered species of flora in the project area and even within its impact zone. It must be noted that the proposed road access rehabilitation subproject is about 15 km away from Rajah Sikatuna and Chocolate Hills protected areas.

Figure 9. Drainage buffer map of Dagohoy watershed

2. Fauna

92. For fauna, a total of ten species of amphibians with four families, twenty-five species for reptiles belonging to five families, nine species belonging to eight families for birds and four species for mammals belonging to one family (BISU 2013). It must be noted that there are no endangered and critically endangered species of fauna within the proposed road rehabilitation project and even in its impact zone. J. Socio-Economic Conditions

1. Population

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93. Based on the 2015 National Census of Dagohoy, the influence area has a total population of 948 with a growth rate of 0.29%. Using this growth rate, the projected population for the year 2020 is 962, and by 2025, population will reach 976 (Table 11). Table 11. Population growth and total and projected population of Cagawasan.

BARANGAY TOTAL

POPULATION GROWTH

RATE

PROJECTED POPULATION

2015 2020 2025

Cagawasan 948 0.29% 962 976

Source: NSO - 2015 2. Population density and gender

94. Given the total population of 948 in 2015 and the total land area of the barangay of 1,486 hectares, the population density in 2015 was 0.64 person per hectare. This density will only slightly increase to 0.66 and 0.67 person per hectare by 2020 and 2030, respectively.

95. Table 12 shows the population of the seven puroks in Barangay Cagawasan in 2015. Purok 6 was the most populated with 166 individuals and Purok 5 was the least with 73 individuals. Females (491) were more than the males (457) under 205 households.

Table 12. Population, gender, and household size of Cagawasan.

Purok Population Male Female Household

1 162 80 82 32

2 160 68 92 34

3 135 60 75 29

4 162 82 80 38

5 73 32 41 22

6 166 84 82 32

7 90 51 39 18

TOTAL 948 457 491 205

Source: NSO-2015

3. Health and sanitation

96. The sanitation of the barangay is of great importance to the residents. Their manner of garbage disposal is through dumping in individual open pits, composting, and burying., Others feed their excess food to animals.

97. A Clean-up drive is undertaken by the Barangay Council (BC) and the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) as their monthly activity while other members of the

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communities schedule their activities every quarter. Tree growing is done by the Cagawasan Farmers’ Association.

98. More than 92% of the total households in the influence area have access to sanitary toilets. Only about 8% have no access to sanitary facilities (Source: RHU).

4. Water Supply

99. The Municipal Government of Dagohoy has an on-going pipe installation (expansion) for level III water system going to the Barangay Proper of Cagawasan. As of this time, the people in the area are using the shallow wells, springs, and water refilling stations for their sources of drinking water.

100. The two (2) Small Water-Impounding Projects in the area irrigate about 100 hectares of rice farms. These can be sources of inland fishing and can also be developed into a tourism site, e.g., installation of floating restaurants.

5. Communication

101. Mails and other forms of physical communication are coursed through the Municipal Postal Office Station at Barangay Poblacion in the urban area of Dagohoy. The main communication to the barangay is through mobile phones and handheld radios. Most of the residents in the area have mobile phones. Each Barangay is issued handheld radios for emergency purposes.

6. Education

102. Barangay Cagawasan has one public elementary school, which is located in the Barangay Proper (Table 13). Most of the children are enrolled in kindergarten and elementary education level. However, school participation rate decreases in the high school level due to financial incapability, and decreases further in the college level due to the long distance from the influence area to the Poblacion where the secondary school is located. Table 13. Student enrolment of Barangay Cagawasan

Cagawasan Elementary School Enrolment

Age (years) Male Female Total % Total Population

5 6 4 10 5

6 17 16 33 16.5

7 11 13 24 12

8 11 13 24 12

9 10 14 24 12

10 18 17 35 17.5

11 19 14 33 16.5

12 8 1 9 5

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13 3 1 4 2

14 1 0 1 0.5

18 1 0 1 0.5

25 1 0 1 0.5

Total 106 93 199 100

Source: DepEd Dagohoy District Office

7. Electricity

103. Electricity of the influence area is provided by Bohol Electric Cooperative II (BOHECO II). Unfortunately, some households in the area still do not have electric connection. Out of 205 households, only 173 have electric power connection. Some puroks in barangay Cagawasan still have no connections.

8. Minor and Major Occupation

104. Based on Table 14 below, out of 383 employed members of the labor force, 246 or 64% are males and 137 or 36% are females. Most of them are working in the farm. On the other hand, those who are wage and salary workers are mostly government workers, such as teachers, and health and nutrition workers. Furthermore, the data also show that wage and income earners include those who are employed in private institutions or commercial establishments, employed as house help in private households, and those employed by the government as barangay officials or volunteers receiving regular honorarium. Table 14. Nature of employment by gender.

NATURE OF EMPLOYMENT MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Permanent 0 6 6

Short-term, seasonal, or casual 242 131 373

Worked on different jobs on day to day or weekly basis

4 0 4

TOTAL 246 137 383

Source: CBMS Census 2014-2015

9. Commerce and Industry

105. Most of the commercial establishments are related to agri-business activities. Buy and sell (rice, corn, cassava, coconut), and livestock dealing are the prevailing services (Table 15).

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10. Tourism

106. The area has potential tourism sites, i.e., two (2) Small Water Impoundings that can be developed for fishing and for establishment of floating restaurants, and forest area that can be developed for mountain trekking.

Table 15. Types of commercial establishment in Cagawasan.

TYPE OF COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENT

NUMBER

Agriculture - Based:

Buy & Sell ( Rice) 1 Rice & Corn Retail 2

Wholesale/Retail:

Sari-sari Store 11 Agricultural Industry :

Rice Mill 2 Source: CBMS CY 2014-2015

11. Income and Expenditures

107. Barangay Cagawasan has two (2) main sources of revenue. First is the Tax Revenue, which includes the real property taxes and second is the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA). In CY 2013, the barangay has an income of PhP 1,042,902.34 which increased to PhP 1,178,114.98 for CY 2014, and further increased to PhP 1,357,713.98 in CY 2015.

108. In analyzing the expenditure pattern of the said barangay, it can be inferred that expenditure increases every year, the same way as revenue increases, as shown in Table 16.

109. The table also shows that the said barangay has the biggest surplus in the CY 2013.

Table 16. Barangay revenue and expenditures of Cagawasan.

YEAR REVENUE EXPENDITURE SURPLUS

2015 1,357,713.98 1,262,768.55 105,945.43

2014 1,178,114.98 1,025,142.07 152,972.91

2013 1,042,902.34 787,347.76 255,554.58

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12. Present transport system

110. The main mode of transportation to and from the influence area is by means of motorcycles (habal-habal). The present road network from Mahayag National Road junction up to Cagawasan proper is about 1.2 km and from barangay proper to Purok Pag-asa. Another road section of about 1 km long leads to the provincial road going to the Municipality of Danao. The travel time from Cagawasan to Poblacion is approximately 40 minutes.

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

111. This IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major negative environmental concerns due to the proposed rehabilitation of Cagawasan road given that all the proposed civil works are asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term negative impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These construction-related impacts can be mitigated by: 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of the use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures. 112. The potential negative environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve widening and alignment adjustments (Table 17). Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.

Table 17. Assessment of potential environmental impacts

Potential Environmental Impacts Or Values The Subproject

Construction Would Likely Create

Construction of Reinforced Concrete

Pipe Culvert

Roadway Gravelling

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement

Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, top soil erosion, and vegetative clearing

minor none none

Affects temporal water regime: decrease water quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered drainage patterns, water way configuration,

minor minor minor

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Table 17. Assessment of potential environmental impacts

Potential Environmental Impacts Or Values The Subproject

Construction Would Likely Create

Construction of Reinforced Concrete

Pipe Culvert

Roadway Gravelling

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement

sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion

Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate area: increase peak and flood flows and irregular streamflow

minor minor minor

Decrease in downstream natural resources’ economic and social values/uses

minor minor minor

Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing some geological or geomorphological values, particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance

minor minor minor

Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, national or international nature conservation importance

none none none

Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance.

none none none

Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds or rare diseases

none none none

Frequent incurrence and increased intensity of grassfire

none none none

Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage or use of chemicals needed for the construction works

minor none none

Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting on human health and livelihood at local or larger scale during construction phase

moderate moderate moderate

Excessive solid waste accumulation during infrastructure construction

minor minor minor

Increase in noise and/or vibration during construction

minor minor minor

Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or deplete the sense of naturalness of the area

none none

Natural landscape fragmentation and discontinuity

none none none

Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the integrity of agricultural land, or other industry that the local community may depend on)

minor minor minor

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Table 17. Assessment of potential environmental impacts

Potential Environmental Impacts Or Values The Subproject

Construction Would Likely Create

Construction of Reinforced Concrete

Pipe Culvert

Roadway Gravelling

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement

Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known traditional experience associated to site natural setting

minor minor minor

Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding area -from different vantage points

minor minor minor

Rating: None= no adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=slight negative

impact for a year but not damaging enough to cause ecological, health and economic disturbance.

113. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio-economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others. 114. Negative environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre-construction, construction, and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified negative impacts and presented in the environmental management plan. A. Pre-Construction

1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

115. This will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent shall conduct consultation meetings with the directly affected barangays and concerned POs. Information awareness campaign regarding subproject location will also be conducted.

2. Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling will be done

116. Information on the identification and prioritization of road sections will be given and the participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors, will be considered. A subproject site validation will be facilitated to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with. Consultative meetings on the subproject components and management plan will also be held with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons.

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3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work

117. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject will be prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road. The detailed designs shall include: 1) identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites; 2) locating the aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers; and 3) specific plans to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption of normal commercial and residential activities. 118. The LGU with assistance from TA-PMIC will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision, and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.

4. Recruitment of workers

119. The potential positive impact of the subproject will be the hiring of skilled local workers and other unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels. The contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy. B. Construction

1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

120. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements. Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to negative environmental impacts such as the loss of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re-suspension of dust during the dry seasons. 121. Local roads may be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the construction equipment. In order to reduce unfavorable impacts on all borrow sites, the contractors will water the local roads close to the settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not use productive agricultural lands. In case this is unavoidable, the contractors will obtain consent from the land owners and will restore the sites to their original condition after completion of civil works.

2. Clearing and removal of obstructions

122. The contractors will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road that would result to damaged landscape. It must be noted that there are no affected trees on the proposed access road rehabilitation project. However, vegetation (mostly grasses) in the site is common and will recover after the construction. The

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contractors will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works. They shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.

3. Soil erosion

123. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along subproject road. The negative impacts of soil erosion and unstable side slope are increased run-off and sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard to the downstream, loss of topsoil which affects the growth of vegetation causing ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities in high slope areas should be taken up only during dry season. 124. During operation, silt load in the river is expected to be minor due to slope protection structures installed. The contractor will also be required to make additional measures to minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, 2) prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and 3) If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

125. During ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road, the potential negative impacts to the terrestrial and aquatic resources as well as to the quality of surface water in the river would just be minor and short-termed. The contractor will be required to do the following: 1) locate the construction site away from forested or plantation areas, 2) store and handle all construction fluids such as oils and fuels away from forested and plantation areas, 3) avoid discarding waste of any kind on land or in forests/plantations, 4) build erosion channels around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 5) conduct earthworks during dry periods, 6) avoid throwing waste of any kind in surface waters, 7) avoid washing or repairing machineries near surface waters, 8) locate pit latrines away from surface waters, 9) avoid unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 10) avoid carrying out aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 11) minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.

5. Civil works (Concrete Pavement)

126. Since the subproject will mainly involve construction of concrete pavement (with no road widening and realignments), main negative impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply the stated mitigating measures during concrete pavement constructions.

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6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure

127. During construction, air quality is likely to be degraded by exhaust emissions from the operation of construction equipment, and by the dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils, and material stock piles. 128. In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) cover or keep all stockpiles of construction aggregates and all truckloads of aggregates moist, 3) minimize the time for excavations, and leave open or expose soil, 4) backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) restrict working time between 7:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., 6) maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery, 8) turn off vehicles and machinery when not in use, and 9) construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas if possible.

7. Dust and noise from borrow pits

129. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the following mitigating measures: 1) provision of noise control measures to comply with national standards, watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use of covered trucks, 2) securing of appropriate environmental permits, 3) control of the borrow and material dumping sites to prevent unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle, and any other stray animals, and 4) use of protective gears like ear plugs by operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure

130. The contractor will ensure that land and surface waters will not be contaminated by excavated spoils and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent to surface water. Suspicious contaminated soil will be tested and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system

131. Solid and liquid construction waste management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing wastes created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure that construction sites are as clean as possible. All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables will be donated to the barangay. There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid wastes will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in local waste disposal sites.

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10. Water quality

132. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to washing of equipment (i.e. vehicles and concrete mixers), and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 3) provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and 4) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.

11. Construction of drainage system

133. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and natural rain water channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

12. Workers health, safety, and hygiene

134. Construction sites are likely to have negative public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that no untreated wastewater is discharged into the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established at the construction camps. Diseases may be potentially transmitted, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities. 135. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, 11) sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and 12) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

13. Traffic safety and management

136. Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.).

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The contractor is also responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and for providing adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘Men Working’, ‘Keep Left’, ‘Keep Right’, ‘Construction Ahead’, and ‘Speed Limit’, will be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access for pedestrians and vehicles during construction works.

14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

137. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through the clearance of small areas of vegetation (mainly grasses) at major work sites. A short-term negative impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the construction period due to minor vegetation clearance (mainly grasses, not trees). Vegetative cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection. 138. Meanwhile, the potential negative impacts from construction worker camps are poaching of edible animals and birds of the locality despite prohibitions. The contractors will be responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. All workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.

15. Damaged to properties

139. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures, irrigation, farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

16. Concrete washout

140. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

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17. Use of Hazardous Substances

141. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact, vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.

18. Public safety

142. `Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, 4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport. C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

143. The rehabilitation of Cagawasan road will directly increase delivery of agricultural products, access to natural resources management project sites, and opportunity for tourism businesses. On the other hand, the potential negative impacts include increased risk of accident or injury, exploitation of natural resources in the area, and unplanned urbanization.

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholder Consultations

144. This IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to help

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LGUs achieve public acceptance of the subproject. A series of consultations with the influenced barangay (Cagawasan) and local government unit of Dagohoy confirmed that the rehabilitation of the Cagawasan road is essential for economic development. 145. The proponent with the technical assistance of the consultant conducted a public consultation to the affected barangay on July 21, 2017. They presented the subproject describing the objective of the consultation, project description, proposed civil works, and anticipated negative environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultation was effective and successful. The results were positive, with the local people expecting the road to bring significant economic benefits and increase trade flows in the barangays. Concerns on the subproject mainly revolved on the construction phase. These, however, can be mitigated. No long-term negative environmental impact was assessed by the participants. On the other hand, Majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road; majority of them as well are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment though one of the respondents mentioned that the road might be a corridor for illegal loggers to access the forest land so he suggested an intensified barangay patrolling during the operation phase of the access road. The discussions during the consultations were documented. 146. Details of the consultations and issues raised during these consultations are presented in Table 18. The names of the participants and the photo-documentation are shown in Appendices A1 and A2. Table 18. Public consultation on INREMP RI subproject beneficiaries from

Cagawasan, Dagohoy(June 21, 2017).

Preliminaries

Venue Cagawasan Barangay Hall, Cagawasan, Dagohoy

Groups represented

In attendance were: Residents of Barangay Cagawasan (some

are members of PO CAFA)

WMPCO Staff

PPMO (RIE, WMO)

LGU representative

CESM Project Support Staff (See attached

attendance sheet) Total Number of Participants

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Facilitator/s Engr. Walter Boloyos Prayer Led by Mr. Crispin Caresosa, Chairman-CAFA Opening Remarks Given by Maribieth Sentorias, Punong Barangay-Cagawasan

Consultation Highlights

Purpose of activity

Explained by Engr. Lily Villones, RIE-PPMO. Before anything else, Engr. Villones first clarified the term to be used in referring to the subproject – instead of farm-to-market road, the right term is access road. FMRs have a set of specifications that needs to be followed whereas access roads follow special specifications provided for by project administrators. Moreover, INREMP RI subprojects are meant to support the NRM component and not necessarily to directly link farms to the market.

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Engr. Villones explained that this consultation meeting is required by the ADB to identify the possible social and environmental impacts of the proposed subproject and to solicit recommendations and resolutions to these concerns from the residents themselves.

Updates

Given by Engr. Villones. The subproject document has already been submitted to the Asian Development Bank (ADB). DED is also approved by CESM RIE. The LGU is still preparing the POW.

Perceived benefits from the subproject

Facilitated by Engr. Boloyos The following are the responses of the participants when asked what benefits they are expecting to gain from the subproject:

Short-cut from Dagohoy, Bohol to Danao,

Bohol

Ease of access

Ease of transport of goods and produce

Additional income

Possible reduction of fare

Shorter travel time Assist in forest protection initiatives, Forest

monitoring personnel would not have a hard time in surveying the forest areas.

Faster response to fire incidence in the

forest Tourism (access to Sea of Clouds,

proposed ecotourism of LGU (Kampatok Hills))

Profile of the subproject

2.2 km stretch of road/pathway proposed

to be rehabilitated. First 1 km to be gravelled. 4 m carriage

way. 1 m shouldering each side. Remaining 1.2 km to be concreted. 2 m

carriage way. 1 m shouldering each side.

Consultation proper (pre-, during, post- construction)

Dialogue focused on the impacts of subproject implementation – pre-construction, construction, and post-construction phases – as identified by the residents. Engr. Boloyos asked who among the participants own a property (house, farms, lots) alongside the access road. Participants said there was none. Pre-construction phase:

This phase involves the delivery of the

construction materials and arrival of laborers in the area.

Heavy vehicles would come and go the area. Road sections where the heavy equipment

would pass through in going to the proposed road may be

adversely affected (damaged). Punong Barangay Sentorias said that most of the barangay roads have already been concreted thus road sections that may be affected is not that long. She further said that the barangay could coordinate with the contractor to fill the road sections that will be

damaged. A participant suggested an area in

Cagawasan which could be a potential source of boulders for the proposed riprap. MLGU should mention this during the

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pre- bid conference. Another participant asked if there is a

possibility that the contractor would hire local laborers. There are a number of residents who have experience in unskilled labor. MLGU should also mention this during the pre-bid

conference. Contractors usually decide on this matter.

Construction phase: Engr. Boloyos explained implications of

this phase – noise from the equipment, dust, muddy road if

it rains, possible traffic (construction mechanism:

rehabilitation by lane) The participants said they have no problem

with the previously mentioned scenarios because those

were only temporary. Post-construction phase: A participant forwarded his concern that

some residents may drive their motorcycles recklessly

because of the good road condition. BLGU would allocate maintenance of the

road. The barangay also quarterly conducts community

cleaning (locally called boluntaryo), roads and canal cleaning

included.

Issues and concerns

A participant asked when subproject implementation would start. Engr. Villones said that they are eyeing 2017 for subproject implementation. On the side of the LGU, Engr. Danika Logatic, ME staff, committed that they would comply the lacking requirements as soon as possible.

Closing Remarks Given by For. Rodrigo Daloyo, WMO/TL, Dagohoy watershed.

147. With the involvement of the LGU in the subproject activities of INREMP particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, time and effort were dedicated in participating in the orientation, consultation, planning, and training activities. Indeed, a municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply, negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation of Cagawasan road rehabilitation. B. Information Disclosure

148. After the completion of the study, the IEE documentation, mitigation measures, and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website. These will also be submitted to DENR-FMB, Municipality of Dagohoy, office of the affected Barangays, Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Office, and DENR Regional Office for them to make these available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:

• The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining

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compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and

• Setting up of a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

149. The Local Government Unit of Dagohoy has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the subproject site. However, it still has to prepare for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes that may arise from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it will set up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.

150. Since the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, only minor grievances may arise. These are listed below:

1) Road accessibility-related grievances – This may include complaints from

communities using the roads under repair or under construction due to temporary obstruction which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the travelling public.

2) Construction-related grievances – Community members may demand to be

hired as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, etc.

151. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the PPCO to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the sub-project’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host communities before start of civil works. 152. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the PPCO head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of PPCO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix I). The PPCO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party. 153. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or

43

in writing to the PPCO, and the PPCO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form;

(ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting;

(iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the PPCO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint.

(iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days;

(v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the PPCO's GRM officer within

5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede

the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)

154. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Implementation Arrangements

155. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 19. Table 19. Responsibilities for EMP implementation.

AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES

LGU of Dagohoy, Bohol • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation

• Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP

• Ensure that project implementation complies with government environmental policies and regulations

• Ensure that the project, regardless of financing source, complies with the provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009

• Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works

44

Table 19. Responsibilities for EMP implementation.

AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES

• Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision, and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements

• Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples' concerns

• Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB

Existing ADB Project Management Office

• Project management office with direct responsibility for the implementation of civil works, engineering designs, and project coordination.

• Ensure that EMP design measures are incorporated in the detailed design

• Ensure that EMP provisions are strictly implemented and monitored during various project phases (design/pre-construction, construction, and operation) to mitigate negative environmental impacts to acceptable levels

• Include relevant provisions of the EMP in the bid and contract documents for design, civil works, and supervision.

PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and

over-all implementation of the EMP • Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on

status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB • Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify

environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB

• Responsible for coordinating with EMB, Local Government Units (LGU), and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits.

TA - PMIC and NPCO • . Engage environment specialists who will undertake

supervision and monitoring of EMP implementation and contractor’s environmental performance

• As part of day-to-day project supervision, closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP

• Assist PMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors.

45

Table 19. Responsibilities for EMP implementation.

AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES

Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations, and EMP provisions

• Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP

• Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize, and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor.

EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the government

• Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate

ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP

implementation and over-all environmental performance of the project

• Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed

• Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation

B. Environmental Mitigation

156. Table 20 presents the environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the subproject. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

Pre-Construction Phase

Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

No negative environmental impacts

Conducted Consultation meetings with barangay officials and concerned POs’ officers and members

Conducted information awareness campaign regarding subproject location

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO

Identification and prioritization of road section where re-gravelling will be done

Lack of information and/or low participation of the community,

Subproject sites validation with following conditions:

ensure that the INREMP validation process on sub-project

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO

46

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

particularly women and marginalized sectors

implementation is being complied with

hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan

Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject

Minimize negative environmental impacts

Work with LGU RI Engineer for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road detailed designs and to ensure the following measures are included:

identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites;

locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers;

for local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO

Recruitment of workers Gender discrimination and tendency to recruit outsiders

Hire local workers as much as possible, and give equal privilege for women to get involved in selected tasks appropriate for them

Contractor

LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Construction Phase Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

Pollution, injury, interrupted usual road use, disrupted access, noise

All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division.

Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites.

Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage.

Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks.

If aggregate quarrying from fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred.

All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration.

All borrow pits and quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away.

After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil.

Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting.

Define and schedule how materials are extracted from

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO

PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

47

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites.

Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled.

All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered.

Clearing and removal of obstructions

Damage landscape Restrict vegetation removal to within RoWs.

In case, no trees will be removed without prior approval of concerned government agency.

The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.

Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective physical barriers around trees.

All RoWs to be re-vegetated and landscaped after construction completed.

Consult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful restoration strategy and techniques.

Minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Soil erosion High suspended solid contents of river, sedimentation.

Berms, and plastic sheet fencing should be placed around all excavations and earthwork areas.

As much as possible, construction activities in hilly areas to be taken up only during dry season.

Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling.

Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation, and have a slope stabilization protocol ready.

Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is completed.

Minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation.

Prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary or permanent drainage as soon as practicable after cutting. If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

Degradation of terrestrial and aquatic resources, and decreased water quality

All construction sites should be located away from forested or plantation areas as much as possible.

All construction fluids such as

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

48

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.

No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.

Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.

Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods.

All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters.

No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters.

No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters.

Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters.

No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses.

No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.

Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.

Civil works (Concrete Pavement)

Air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic & access problems,

Piles of aggregates at sites should be used/or removed promptly, or covered and placed in non-traffic areas

All spills should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste management plan, and according to government regulations.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Implementation of noise and dust control measure

Noise, Dust, Air Pollution

Regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads.

Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truck loads of aggregates.

Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed.

As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00.

Maintain equipment in proper working condition

Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery.

Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use.

Construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas where possible.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Dust and noise from borrow pits

Noise, Dust Ensure provision of noise control measures to comply with national standards.

Watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck.

Secure appropriate environmental permits.

The borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

49

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals.

Protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold limits.

Implementation of spoil management and control measure

Contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoil, and construction waste

Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.

Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.

Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.

A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.

Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal.

Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Solid and liquid construction waste management system

Contamination of land and surface waters from construction waste

Management of general solid and liquid waste of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force.

Construction sites should have large garbage bins.

A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be established and followed that ensures construction sites are as clean as possible.

Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.

There will be no site-specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in local waste disposal sites.

Hazardous Waste

Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

50

Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations.

Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents)

Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors.

All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan.

Water quality Water and soil set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities,

ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers,

provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and

trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the Contractor’s contract

Construction drainage system

Loss of drainage and rain water natural channels

Provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.

Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites

Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.

Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Workers health, safety and hygiene

Worker injuries, accidents, water-borne diseases, and health impact due to absence of or insufficient provisions on sanitation, safety and other amenities

proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites,

sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed,

worker and public safety guidelines should be followed,

provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites,

the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women,

standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in,

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

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Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers,

appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers,

adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site,

drinking water must be provided at all construction sites,

sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and

all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

Traffic safety and management

Road accidents Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). All construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works. Any vehicles or equipment being used for the works must be parked off the carriageway.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

Minor vegetation loss

Construction vehicles will operate within the corridor of impact to avoid damaging soil and vegetation.

Avoid soil compaction around trees. Generally the rule will be to avoid driving heavy equipment or trucks anywhere into the 'drip-line' of a tree.

In case, no trees will be removed without prior approval of concerned government agency.

The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works.

No work camps will be located in ecologically sensitive sites such as protected and conservation areas, or densely vegetated site.

Workers shall be prohibited from hunting/trapping wildlife.

Contractor LGU of Dagohoy / WMPCO PPMO

Part of the contractor’s contract

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Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

Damaged to properties Land The contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO DENR

Part of the proponents obligation

Use of Hazardous Substances

People, land and water

Vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO DENR

Part of the proponents obligation

Public safety People • installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites,

• provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians,

• deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access,

• imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and

• orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO DENR

Part of the proponents obligation

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

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Table 20: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan

Project Component/Activity Potential Environmental Impacts

Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Estimates Implementation Monitor

Operation of upgraded access road

Increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise.

Obstruction of run-off along drainage canals causing run-off overflow leading to erosion of the road Exploitation of natural resources in the area Unplanned urbanization Increased delivery of agricultural products Tourism

Set speed limit when passing through populated area

Provide appropriate warning signs and lighting

Regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging

Regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow

Ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies.

Adherence to land use and zoning regulations

Promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.

LGU of Dagohoy WMPCO PPMO DENR

Part of the proponents obligation

C. Environmental Monitoring

157. Tables 21 and 22 present the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level and SSE. The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any. 158. The ESS during project implementation will be required to organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS, and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown below:

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Table 21. Community level construction monitoring form.

COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM

Sub-project Name:

Location:

Reporting Period:

Impact/ Mitigation Measures

Compliance Attained (Yes, No, or Partial)

Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non-Compliance

1

2

3

N

Recommendation/s:

Signature:

Date:

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Table 22: Environmental Monitoring Plan

Activities Location Means Of

Monitoring Frequency Of

Monitoring Responsible

Unit Monitoring

Cost

Pre-Construction

Completion of the Sub-Project Documents

Final location of the subproject

Review of the SPD

Prior to issuance of NOL

SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB

INREMP Project Cost

Completion of detailed engineering design in accordance with EMP requirements

Final location of the subproject

Review of detailed design documentation

Prior to approval of detailed design

SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB

INREMP Project Cost

Completion of social and environmental safeguards

Final location of the subproject

Confirm IEE report and disclosed to the public

Prior to issuance of NOL

SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS, ADB

INREMP Project Cost

Establishment of grievance redress mechanism

Final location of the subproject

Confirm GRM is established and disclosed to the public

Prior to start of site works

SPMO, WMPCO, PPCO with SSS and ESS

INREMP Project Cost

Construction

Implementation of construction phase environmental mitigation measures specified in IEE EMP

As indicated in IEE EMP for specific mitigation measures (e.g., subproject road, borrow sites, construction/ workers’ camps, air and noise, water contamination and others)

Site visit, ocular inspections, interviews with local residents, coordination with concerned barangay/s

Monthly and as part of regular project supervision Random checks and to validate complaints

SPMU, WMPCO, PPMO, NCIP with SSS and ESS

INREMP Project Cost

159. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:

56

Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon);

Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations, and requirements;

Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable;

Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP;

Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g., environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.);

If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan;

Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities;

Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented;

Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement;

Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholders response;

Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required;

Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the

construction, the NPCO, through its ESS, shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the subproject.

D. Attachments

160. Other requirements of IEE are attached as Appendices A1 to H.

57

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion

161. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, covering about 2.25 km roads and screened them to assess potential impacts. The IEE reveals that no major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures will be included in the civil works bid and contract specifications of the project. 162. Rural infrastructures like roads and water supply projects arguably are vital structures needed to spur economic development in Cagawasan, Bohol, with full potentials and opportunities owing to its varied development zones and natural resources. 163. The Rehabilitation of Cagawasan Road Project for one shall be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus supporting the developing economy of Cagawasan and other areas, cascading benefits to the entire municipality. 164. Hence, the project will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP. B. Recommendation

165. The main goal of the subproject is to support the NRM activities of PO. However, the end goal of the subproject is to provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the inhabitants, especially the constituents. 166. The project will have a direct benefit of savings in transportation cost of agricultural and non-agricultural products, savings of passenger transportation expenses and increased Net Value Added from the agricultural production as more farmlands will be utilized due to access to market and trade and the corollary increase in agricultural productivity growth, because of the availability of appropriate technologies to farmers. In addition, indirect benefits will also be realized especially for people who are near the project site. Some of the indirect benefits are creation of jobs in the influence areas and improved economic situation of the influence barangays, good transportation for all women and children in going to public premises

58

like schools, market, and hospitals, and increased farm produce and increased number of cultivated lands near the road. 167. The performance indicators that the project will be beneficial to the influenced areas are on socioeconomic, agricultural, and environmental, specifically reduced transportation cost per passenger, high agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost and high non-agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost. Whereas, performance indicators that the project will be effective to the NRM site will be increased production of farmlands, increased number of hectares of cultivated lands, and easier access to transport inputs from market to farm. 168. The Proposed Rehabilitation of the Cagawasan Road will boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and instead, concentrate their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way, the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the watershed.

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APPENDIX A1. Attendance sheet of the consultation at Cagawasan, Dagohoy,

Bohol.

60

61

APPENDIX A2. Photo-documentation of the consultation with Cagawasan, Dagohoy, Bohol beneficiaries of RI subproject.

Figure 3. Some of the participants of

the consultation

Figure 4. For. Daloyo giving his

closing remarks

PHOTOS

Figures 1 and 2. Engr. Boloyos

facilitating the consultation

62

APPENDIX B. Resolution from Barangay Cagawasan endorsing the project.

63

64

APPENDIX C. Resolution from Sanggunian Bayan of Dagohoy affirming interest and support to the project.

65

66

APPENDIX D. Road network of Dagohoy

67

APPENDIX E. Involuntary resettlement checklist for Municipality of Dagohoy, Bohol

Probable Involuntary Resettlement Effects*

Yes No Not Known

Possible Remarks

1. Does the subproject include upgrading or rehabilitation of existing physical facilities?

√ The scope of works for the Subproject is composed of three (3) major components as follows: 1,000 meters’ surface re-gravelling, Provision of RCPC and 1,250 meters Concrete Pavement (Pathway)

2. Are any subproject effects likely lead to loss of housing, other assets, resource use or incomes/livelihoods?

√ During the site validation conducted last 4 October 2016, participated by: Dagohoy LGU, NPCO, PTWG CESM, PPMO – involuntary resettlement is not expected, no identified specific trees or crops will be affected as well.

3. Is land acquisition necessary?

√ The proposed road for rehabilitation only traverses forest land and proof of right of way must be established through SLUP.

4. Is the site for land acquisition known?

√ Not Applicable

5. Is the ownership status and current usage of the land known?

√ The proposed road for rehabilitation only traverses forest land and proof of right of way must be established through SLUP. Proposed site is in the existing NGP and no trees and crops will be affected.

6. Will easements be utilized within an existing Right of Way?

√

7. Are there any non-titled people who live or earn their livelihood at the site or within the Right of Way?

√

8. Will there be loss of housing?

√ During the site validation conducted last 4 October 2016, participated by: Dagohoy LGU, NPCO, PTWG CESM, PPMO – involuntary resettlement is not expected, no identified specific trees or crops will be affected as well.

9. Will there be loss of agricultural plots?

√

10. Will there be losses of crops, trees, and fixed assets?

√ From Sta. 1+000 to Sta. 2+250 is a concrete pathway. There are big trees on the sides of this proposed pathway which is

68

to be preserved, a wider pathway or road should not be constructed

11. Will there be loss of businesses or enterprises?

√

12. Will there be loss of incomes and livelihoods?

√ No loss of incomes and livelihood in fact one of the anticipated benefits of the road is increase of income for the beneficiaries

13. Will people lose access to facilities, services, or natural resources?

√ No, on contrary it will improve access to NRM products, it will also assist in mitigating forest fires

14. Will any social or economic activities be affected by land use-related changes?

√

If involuntary resettlement impacts are expected:

Will coordination between government agencies be required to deal with land acquisition?

Not Applicable

Are there sufficient skilled staff within the LGU for resettlement planning and implementation?

Not Applicable

Are training and capacity-building interventions for _______ required prior to resettlement planning and implementation?

Not Applicable

Information on Affected Persons/Households within the community(beneficiaries): Any estimate of the likely number of persons/households that will be affected by the subproject? [ / ] No [ ] Yes If yes, approximately how many? Not Applicable Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty risks? [ / ] No [ ] Yes If yes, please briefly describe their situation Are any APs from ethnic minority groups? If yes, please explain? ______ Not Applicable __________

Prepared by: [SGD]ENGR. RANULFO D. SEPE, MPA SPMU Head/Member Approved by: [SGD]SOFRONIO C. APAT, SR. Municipal Mayor/LCE

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APPENDIX F. GAD CHECKLIST FOR DESIGNING EVALUATING INFRA PROJECTS

Dimension and question (col. 1 ) Response (col. 2)

Score for the item/ element (col. 3)

Result or comment

(col. 4) No

(2a) Partly

yes (2b) Yes (2c)

Project Identification

1.0 Participation of women and men in project identification (max score: 2; for each item or question, 0.67)

2

1.1 Has the project consulted women on the problem or issue that the intervention must solve and on the development of the solution? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

1.2 Have women’s inputs been considered in the design of the project? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

1.3 Are both women and men seen as stakeholders, partners, or agents of change in the project design? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

2.0 Collection of sex-disaggregated data and gender related information prior to project design (possible scores: 0, 1.0, 2.0) Has the project tapped sex-disaggregated data and gender- related information from secondary and primary sources at the project identification stage? OR, does the project document include sex-disaggregated and gender information in the analysis of the development issue or problem?

√

2

3.0 Conduct of gender analysis and identification of gender issues (possible scores: 0, 1.0, 2.0) Has a gender analysis been done to identify gender issues prior to project design? OR, does the discussion of development issues in the project document include gender gaps that the project must address?

√

2

Project Design

4.0 Gender equality goals, outcomes, and outputs (max score: 2; for each item, 1)

2

4.1 Do project objectives explicitly refer to women and men? Do they target women’s and men’s need for infrastructure? (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√

4.2 Does the project have gender equality outputs or outcomes? (see examples in the text) (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√

5.0 Matching of strategies with gender issues (max score: 2; for each item, 1)

2

5.1 Do the strategies match the gender issues and gender equality goals identified? That is, will the activities or interventions reduce gender gaps and inequalities? (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√

1

5.2 Does the project build on women’s and men’s knowledge and skills? (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√

1

6.0 Gender analysis of the designed project (max score: 2)

1.82

6.1 Gender division of labor (max score: 0.67; for each question, 0.33)

6.1.1 Has the project considered whether the infrastructure or participation in the project will

√

.33

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affect current activities and responsibilities of women and men, girls and boys? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

6.1.2 Will the needs of women and men, including those affected by involuntary resettlement, be considered in the design of the infrastructure? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

√

.33

6.2 Access to and control of resources (max score: 0.67; for each question, 0.33)

6.2.1 Will women and men have equal access to the infrastructure and other resources (including employment) distributed by the project? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

√

.33

6.2.2 Will women be involved in the decision making over rules for the use and operation and maintenance of the infrastructure or transport related resources? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

√

.33

6.3 Constraints (max score: 0.67; for each item, 0.33)

6.3.1 Is the proposed infrastructure socially or culturally acceptable and accessible to women? Or, can they use it? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

√

.33

6.3.2 Has the project designed measures to address constraints to equal participation and benefits of women and men? (possible scores: 0, 0.17, 0.33)

√ .17

7.0 Monitoring targets and indicators (possible scores: 0, 1.0, 2.0) Does the project include gender equality targets and indicators for welfare, access, consciousness raising, participation, and control? For instance, will the following gender differences be monitored:

√

2

Utilization rate of the infrastructure or facility - Membership and leadership in users’ organizations - Participation in training and similar project activities, by type of training or activity - Employment generated by the project - Loss of livelihood as a result of the project

8.0 Sex-disaggregated database (possible scores: 0, 1.0, 2.0) Does the proposed project monitoring framework or plan include the collection of sex-disaggregated data?

√

1

9.0 Resources (max score: 2; for each question, 1) 1.5

9.1 Is the budget allotted by the project sufficient for gender equality promotion or integration? (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√ .5

9.2 Does the project have the expertise to integrate GAD or promote gender equality and women’s empowerment? OR, will the project invest in building capacity for integrating GAD or promoting gender equality? (possible scores: 0, 0.5, 1.0)

√

1

10.0 Relationship with the agency’s GAD efforts (max score: 2; for each item or question, 0.67

2

10.1 Will the project build on or strengthen agency/NCRFW/government’s commitment to the advancement of women? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

.67

10.2 Does the project have an exit plan that will ensure the sustainability of GAD efforts and benefits? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

.67

10.3 Will the project build on the initiatives or actions of other organizations in the area? (possible scores: 0, 0.33, 0.67)

√

.67

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TOTAL GAD SCORE – PROJECT IDENTIFICATION AND DESIGN STAGES (Add the score for each of the 10 elements, or the figures in thickly bordered cells.)

18.32

Interpretation of the GAD score

0 - 3.9 : GAD is invisible in the project (proposal is returned). 4.0 - 7.9 : Proposed project has promising GAD prospects (proposal earns a “conditional pass,” pending

identification of gender issues and strategies and activities to address these, and inclusion of the collection of sex dis-aggregated data in the monitoring and evaluation plan).

8.0 - 14.9 : Proposed project is gender-sensitive (proposal passes the GAD test). 15.0 - 20.0: Proposed project is gender-responsive (proponent is commended).

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APPENDIX G. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE CHECKLIST (IP)

Potential effects of Subprojects (Please provide elaborations on the Remarks column

Yes No Not Known

Remarks

1. Will the project directly or indirectly benefit IPs?

no There are no domain ancestral domain lands with the influence of the proposed sub-project

2. Will the project directly or indirectly, affect IPs traditional socio-cultural and belief practices?

no

3. Will the project affect the livelihood systems of IPs?

no

4. Will the project be in an area occupied, owned, or used by IPs, and/or claimed as

ancestral domain?

no

5. Will the project entail commercial development of the cultural resources and knowledge of IPs?

no

6. Will the project result to physical displacement from traditional or customary lands?

no

7. Will the project promote the commercial development of natural resources within customary lands that would impact the livelihoods or the cultural, ceremonial, and spiritual uses that defines the identity and community of IPs?

no

8. Will the project establish legal recognition of rights to lands and territories that are traditionally owned or customarily used, occupied or claimed by IPs?

no

9. Will the project require acquisition of lands that are traditionally owned or customarily used, occupied or claimed by IPs?

no

10. Will the project overlap with other existing tenured areas?

no

Submitted by: Reviewed by:

[SGD]ENGR. RANULFO D. SEPE, MPA SPMU Head/Member

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APPENDIX H. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, MANAGEMENT, AND MONITORING PLAN (EIAMMP)

PROJECT COMPONENT/ACTIVITY

POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

MITIGATION MEASURES INSTITUTIONAL

RESPONSIBILITIES COST

ESTIMATES

Implementation Monitor

Pre-Construction Phase 1. Confirmation of no required

resettlement, relocations, and compensation

No negative environmental impacts

a. Conducted Consultation meetings with barangay officials and concerned POs’ officers and members

b. Conducted information awareness campaign regarding subproject location

PMU PPMO

2. Identification and prioritization of road and canal alignment, conduct topographic survey

- lack of information and/or low participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors

Subproject sites validation with following conditions: a. ensure that the INREMP validation process on sub-project

implementation is being complied with b. hold consultative meetings with balanced representation of

men and women and affected persons on the subproject components and management plan

PMU PPMO

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject

Minimize negative environmental impacts

Work with LGU RI Engineer for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road detailed designs and to ensure the following measures are included:

a. identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites;

b. locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers;

c. for local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities

PMU PPMO

4. Recruitment of workers Gender discrimination and tendency to recruit outsiders

Hire local workers as much as possible, and give equal privilege for women to get involved in selected tasks appropriate for them

Contractor PMU / PPMO

Construction Phase 1. Implement construction materials

acquisition, transport access, and storage system

Pollution, injury, interrupted usual road use, disrupted access, noise

a. All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division/DPWH.

b. Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites.

c. Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage.

d. Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks.

e. If aggregate quarrying from fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred.

f. All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration.

g. All borrow pits and quarries should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

74

h. After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil.

i. Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting.

j. Define & schedule how materials are extracted from borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites.

k. Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled.

l. All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered.

2. Implement vegetation removal and site restoration

Damage or loss of vegetation, and landscape

a. Restrict vegetation removal to within RoWs. b. Within RoWs, minimize land cover removals, and install protective

physical barriers around trees. c. All RoWs to be re-vegetated and landscaped after construction

completed. d. Consult PENRO/CENRO to determine the most successful

restoration strategy and techniques.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

3. Implement soil erosion control measures

Land erosion

a. Berms, and plastic sheet fencing should be placed around all excavations and earthwork areas.

b. Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods. c. Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following

backfilling. d. Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation, and have a

slope stabilization protocol ready. e. Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is

completed.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

4. Civil works Degradation of terrestrial and

aquatic resources, and decreased water quality

a. All construction sites should be located away from forested or plantation areas as much as possible.

b. All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas.

c. No waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations.

d. Protective coffer dams, berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters.

e. Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion.

f. Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods. g. All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and

handled with extra care away from surface waters. h. No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters. i. No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters. j. Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters. k. No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses. l. No aggregate mining from rivers or lakes.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

75

m. All irrigation canals and channels to be protected the same way as rivers, streams, and lakes

n. Minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes. o.

5. Implement noise and dust control measure

Dust and Noise

a. Regularly apply wetting agents to exposed soil and construction roads.

b. Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truck loads of aggregates.

c. Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed.

d. As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc.

e. Maintain equipment in proper working condition f. Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery. g. Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use. h. Construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity

areas where possible.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

6. Implement spoil management and control measure

Contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoil, and construction waste

a. Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government - designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified.

b. Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature.

c. Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits.

d. A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded.

e. Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal.

f. Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

g. Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

7. Implement solid and liquid construction waste management system

Contamination of land and surface waters from construction waste

a. Management of general solid and liquid waste of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force.

b. Disposal areas for solid and liquid waste must be determined by the government.

c. Disposal of waste should be catalogued for type, estimated weigh, and source.

d. Construction sites should have large garbage bins. e. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal must be

established and followed that ensures construction sites are as clean

Contractor PMU / PPMO

76

as possible. f. Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in

the community. Hazardous Waste a. Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such

as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations.

b. Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents)

c. Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors.

d. All spills must be cleaned up completely with all contaminated soil removed and handled with by contaminated spoil sub-plan.

8. Human Waste Contamination of land and surface waters from human waste

a. Provision of portable latrines / toilets

Contractor PMU / PPMO

9. Implement construction drainage system

Loss of drainage and rain water natural channels

b. Provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

c. Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses.

d. Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites e. Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are

maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity.

f. Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

10. Civil works: cultural chance finds procedure

Damage to cultural property or valuables, and chance finds

a. As per detailed engineering designs, all civil works should be located away from all cultural objects and landmarks. Department of Tourism (DoT) and the National Museum (NM) have identified potential sites and types of Protected Cultural Resources (PCR) in pre-con phases.

b. Unintentional discovery of valuable relics and cultural objects should be anticipated by contractors. Site supervisors should be on the watch for the element of surprise.

c. Upon a chance of discover valuable cultural objects and relics in the course of performing excavation works, all operations must stop immediately, and spare the untouched portion from further encroachment. The DoT/NM should be notified to determine if the discovered cultural material is valuable. Culture section of DoT/NM be notified by telephone for the verification.

d. Work at find site will remain on halt until DoT/NM allows work to resume.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

11. Training & capacity building Prevent of impacts through education

Implement training and awareness plan for LGU and contractors. Contractor PMU / PPMO

77

12. Implement worker and public safety sub-plan

Public and worker injury, and health nuisance

a. Proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites.

b. Sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed at all sites.

c. Worker and public safety guidelines should be followed. d. Speed limits suitable for the size and type of construction vehicles,

and current traffic patterns should be formulated, posted, and enforced on all roads used by construction vehicles in the site.

e. Standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in. f. Worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards

should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers.

g. Appropriate safety clothing and footwear should be mandatory for all construction workers.

h. Adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction sites.

i. Drinking water must be provided at all construction sites. j. Sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work. k. All construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe

conditions are removed. l. Implement traffic safety & management procedures.

Contractor PMU / PPMO

Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

Increased risk of accident or injury, air pollution and noise.

a. Enforce well marked speed limits, provide guard rails along road where needed, and educate village communities on new road safety

b. Set speed limit to 15 kph when passing through populated area c. Provide appropriate warning signs and lighting d. Ensure vehicles well maintained in proper working condition.

PMU PPMO

obstruction of run-off along drainage canals causing run-off overflow leading to erosion of the road

a. Regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging

b. Regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow

PMU PPMO

2. conduct of O & M organizational and coordination meetings

lack of participation of indigenous peoples, women or other marginalized sectors in sub-project operation and maintenance

lack of knowledge on prohibitions and obligations of community members on the proper use of completed facilities

a. Sustain involvement of women and marginalized sectors thru conduct of regular meetings on O and M concerns with O and M committees and organizations

b. Conduct O and M orientation to community in native dialect

PMU PPMO

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Appendix I: Grievance Intake Form

Name of Project, Subproject and Location

Project (indicate name of project) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name. Thank you.

Contact Information

Name Gender □ Male □ Female

Home Address

Age

Phone No.

City/Province Email

Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below:

77

How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer):

Date received:

Received through:

__ In person __ mail __ email __ fax __ phone __ sms

Name of staff who received comment/ complaint

Position of staff:

Type of Grievance:

Remarks

Signature of staff

78

Updates on the case:

Date: Update Updated by (Name, Signature and Designation)