inglÉs intermedio bajo - grupo conforsa · 2010. 1. 26. · interests and activities 5.3.2....

INGLÉS INTERMEDIO BAJO

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Área: Idiomas

Curso: Inglés Intermedio Bajo

Edición: Noviembre 2009

ÍNDEx

UNIT 1. GETTING TO BOSTON!

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Listening1.2.1. Listening 1

1.2.2. Listening 2

1.2.3. Exercise

1.3. Vocabulary1.3.1. Family

1.3.2. Jobs

1.3.3. Sports

1.3.4. Exercises

1.4. Grammar1.4.1. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

1.4.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous

1.4.3. Possessive Adjectives

1.4.4. Saxon Genitive

1.4.5. Exercises

1.5. Reading1.5.1. Text

1.5.2. Reading Comprehension

1.6. Speaking

1.7. Practice1.7.1. Vocabulary

1.7.2. Grammar

1.8. English World

I.1Inglés Intermedio Bajo - Índice

UNIT 2. OUR FUNNIEST HOLIDAYS

2.1. Introduction


2.2.2. Exercise

2.3. Vocabulary2.3.1. Holidays

2.3.2. Festivities

2.3.4. Exercises

2.4. Grammar2.4.1. Present Perfect

2.4.2. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

2.4.3. Adjectives: order

2.4.4. Adjectives: comparison

2.4.5. Exercises



2.6. Speaking


2.7.2. Grammar

2.8. English World

Inglés Intermedio Bajo - ÍndiceI.2

UNIT 3. WHERE IS THE HARBOUR?

3.1. Introduction


3.2.2. Listening 2

3.2.3. Exercise

3.3. Vocabulary3.3.1. Places in town

3.3.2. Describing places

3.3.3. Ask and give directions

3.3.4. Exercises

3.4 .Grammar3.4.1. Future

3.4.2. Question words

3.4.3. Prepositions: place and time

3.4.4. Compound nouns and adjectives

3.4.5. Exercises



3.6. Speaking


3.7.2. Grammar

3.8. English World


UNIT 4. I WISH I WERE…

4.1. Introduction


4.2.2. Listening 2

4.2.3. Exercise

4.3. Vocabulary4.3.1. Shops and clothes

4.3.2. Sizes and width

4.3.3. The weather

4.3.4. Exercises

4.4. Grammar4.4.1. Uncountable and countable nouns

4.4.2. Quantifiers

4.4.3. Conditional sentences

4.4.4. Exercises



4.6. Speaking


4.7.2. Grammar

4.8. English World


UNIT 5. HIKING THE GRAN CANYON

5.1. Introduction


5.2.2. Exercise

5.3. Vocabulary5.3.1. Interests and activities

5.3.2. Countries and nationalities

5.3.3. Travelling

5.3.4. Exercises

5.4. Grammar5.4.1. Verbs + infinitive/gerund

5.4.2. Relative clauses

5.4.3. Exercises



5.6. Speaking


5.7.2. Grammar

5.8. English World


UNIT 6. I WAS ROBBED

6.1. Introduction


6.2.2. Exercise

6.3. Vocabulary6.3.1. Make and Do

6.3.2. Justice and crime

6.3.3. Exercises

6.4. Grammar6.4.1. One/ones

6.4.2. Adverbs of manner

6.4.3. Past modal verbs

6.4.4. The passive

6.4.5. Exercises



6.6. Speaking


6.7.2. Grammar

6.8. English World


UNIT 7. I SUGGESTED GOING TO…

7.1. Introduction


7.2.2. Exercise

7.3. Vocabulary7.3.1. Cinema

7.3.2. Theatre

7.3.3. Exercises

7.4. Grammar7.4.1. Reported Speech

7.4.2. Reported verbs

7.4.3. Used to/ be used to/ get used to

7.4.4. Exercises

7.5. Reading7.5.1. Texts


7.6. Speaking

7.7. Practice7.7.1 Vocabulary

7.7.2 Grammar

7.8. English World


UNIT 8. I FELL IN LOVE

8.1. Introduction


8.2.2. Listening 2

8.2.3. Exercise

8.3. Vocabulary8.3.1. Informal language

8.3.2. Relationships

8.3.3. Exercises

8.4. Grammar8.4.1. Idioms

8.4.2. Phrasal verbs

8.4.3. Connectors

8.4.4. Conjunctions

8.4.5. Prepositions

8.4.6. Exercises


8.5.2. Text


8.6. Speaking


8.7.2. Grammar

8.8. English World

ANExO I: SOLUCIONES A LOS CASOS PRÁCTICOS


UNIT 1. GETTING TO BOSTON!

1.1. Introduction

Hello and welcome to this English course! I hope you learn and enjoy doing it!

This Unit is called GETTING TO BOSTON!

In this unit you will revise the vocabulary related to: family, jobs and sports.

Hope that you learn more new vocabulary and improve your English!

We will also revise some verbal tenses, such us, the Present simple, the Present

continuous, the Past simple and the Past continuous.

In case you do not remember how to use the saxon genitive in this lesson I

will explain it.

Anyway, you will have the opportunity to practice all the vocabulary and the

grammar doing all the exercises that you will find in the Practice section!

The Listening and the Reading sections given in this unit will help you to

practice these skills.

Finally, I am sure you will improve your English playing some games and

learning a little about Boston, Massachusetts, where Susan and I are spending

some days.

Try to learn as much as possible!

1.1Inglés Intermedio Bajo. Getting to Boston!

1.2. Listening

In this part of the unit we will practice the listening.

Listen to these conversations and make sure you understand them.

After listening you will find an exercise to practice.

1.2.1. Listening 1

Susan and I have just arrived in Boston from New York where we spent some

days and Susan’s family lives. By the way, they are very kind and lovely.

In our first day in Boston, we have decided to go to a baseball match, the

Boston Red Sox. On our way we are talking about Susan’s family.

Matthew: Susan, thank you for those days in New York. I really enjoyed there.

Your family is very nice. Your mother and father were very kind to let me have

dinner with their family.

Susan: Matthew, they were very happy to meet you, too. You know what? We

can meet my sister again since she studies at Harvard University. Tomorrow we

can go to visit her there. As you know, the University is located at Cambridge.

Cambridge is a city in the Greater Boston area. It has this name in honor of the

University of Cambridge in England. Cambridge is most famous for two

prominent universities, Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of

Technology.

Matthew: It’s a great idea to visit Harvard and to see your sister once again! It

sounds good! But…Susan… I think you are not very happy with the idea of

coming to see The Boston Red Sox. But you are coming because you know it is

a dream for me …

Susan: You are right! When you told you wanted to come and see this match I

couldn’t say not, but to tell you the truth I don’t like baseball so much. Look

inside my handbag! I have a magazine, ha, ha, ha.

Anyway, are you a true Red Sox fan? Are they a very important team?

Matthew: I love the Boston Red Sox, of course, they are important. The Boston

Inglés Intermedio Bajo. Getting to Boston! 1.2

Red Sox are a professional baseball team based here in Boston. The Red Sox

are a member of the Major League Baseball’s American League Eastern

Division.

Susan: Matthew, maybe I wait for you in the bar…

1.2.2. Listening 2

Right now, Susan and I are in Cambridge. We are waiting for Molly, Susan’s

sister. She is doing a summer course at Harvard University.

Susan: Here we are in Cambridge! Do you like this city? I love Boston this is

my third time here. You know with my job as a tourist guide I travel a lot.

Matthew: I see. It is very nice. Why do you like so much Boston?

Susan: There is a lot to do in Boston. It is a very old city with many historical

sites to visit. Boston also has many smaller neighbourhoods which are very

beautiful.

Matthew: Which is your favourite neighbourhood to visit while you are here?

Susan: My favourite is Cambridge and Harvard University is located here and

it is a beautiful campus. They also have many delicious restaurants in

Cambridge.

Molly: Hi Susan! Hi Matthew! Nice to meet you again.

Matthew: Nice to meet you again, too!

Susan: How are you Molly? I see you look great! When did you start your

summer course? Is it interesting?

Molly: I came two days ago, but I started yesterday. It is so interesting!

Susan: Great! Hey guys, we can go for a walk to show Matthew the yard, what

do you think?

Molly: It’s a good idea. And later we can go to have dinner.


1.2.3. Exercise

Exercise 1. Listen to the dialogues again (without reading them) and answer

these questions with short answers:

1. Are Susan and Matthew in Boston?

2. Does Susan like baseball?

3. Is Matthew happy he is watching a baseball match?

4. Is Matthew a true Red Sox fan?

5. Is Molly Susan’s sister?

6. Did Matthew meet Molly before?

7. Did Matthew visit Harvard University before?

8. Are they enjoying their visit?


1.3. Vocabulary

In this part of the topic we will learn some vocabulary. In this case it is voca-

bulary related to the family. We will learn the names of the members of a fa-

mily. We will also learn about jobs, and sports, as well as the verbs that go

with each sport (play, go, do).

Pay attention and study the new vocabulary!

1.3.1. The family

Let’s learn vocabulary related to the family. Here you will learn the family

member’s names. Are you ready?

The Family


Grandparents abuelos Husband marido

Grandfather abuelo Wife esposa

Grandmother abuela Son hijo

Parents padres Daughter hija

Father padre Nephew sobrino

Mother madre Niece sobrina

Aunt tía Relatives familiares

Uncle tío Twins gemelos/as

Cousin primo/a Stepmother madrastra

Brother hermano Stepfather padrastro

Sister hermana Brother in law cuñado

Mother in law suegra Son in law yerno

Father in law suegro Daughter in law nuera

Sister in law cuñada

1.3.2. Jobs

Here we will learn jobs and professions:


Accountant Analyst Architect Astronaut Actor

An accountant

looks after

finances.

An analyst

studies

financial

data.

An architect

designs

buildings,

An astronaut travels in a

spaceship.

An actor is a man

who acts in films.

Actress Baker Barber Barmen/ Barwomen Butcher

An actress is a

woman who

acts in films.

A baker

bakes bread.

A barber shaves

and cut hair to

men.

They serve drinks in pubsA butcher sells

meat.

Banker Bartender Bus driver Chambermaid Chef

A banker works

in a bank.

A bartender

works in a

bar.

A bus driver

drives busses.

A chambermaid cleans

rooms.

A chef prepares

food.

Chemist Cook Chauffeur Construction worker Dentist

A chemist

prepares and

serves

medicines.

A cook cooks

and prepares

food.

A chauffeur

drives a car.

A construction worker

builds buildings.

A dentist looks

after teeth.

Doctor FishmongerFlight

attendantFireman Fisherman

A doctor looks

after people’s

health.

A fishmonger

sells fish.

A flight

attendant looks

after

passengers.

A fireman works in a fire

brigade.

A fisherman

catches fish.

FarmerHair

dresser

Human

Resources

Manager

Judge Jeweller

A farmer works

in a farm.

A hair

dresser looks

after people’s

hair.

He or she works

in Human

Resources.

A judge judges and

sentences people.

A jeweller sells

jewellery.


LawyerManagingDirector

Nurse Optician Office worker

A lawyer

defends and

prosecutes

people.

A managing

director is the

boss.

A nurse looks

after

patients.

An optician looks after

people’s eyes.

An office worker

works in an

office.

Porter Programmer Professor Pharmacist Pilot

A porter

carries

people’s

luggage.

He or she

makes

computing

programs.

A professor

teaches at

the

university.

It is the American

word for chemist.

A pilot drives

planes.

Policeman Priest Plumber Politician Photographer

A policeman

looks after

people’s

security.

A priest is a

religious man.

A plumber

repairs pipes,

etc.

A politician works in

politic affairs.

A photographer

takes

photographs.

ReceptionistSalesAssistant

Secretary Surgeon Shopkeeper

A receptionist

is in the

reception.

A sales

assistant sales

and looks after

customers.

A secretary

organise

meetings.

A surgeon operates

people at the hospital.

A shopkeeper

works in a shop.

Scientist Student Solicitor Salesperson Technician

A scientist

investigates

about science.

A student

studies a

degree.

Is the

English word

for “lawyer”

A salesperson is in

charge of the sales.

A technician

repairs things.

Tailor Vet Waitress Waiter Shoemaker

A tailor makes

clothes.

A vet looks

after animals.

A woman

who serves

food and

drink.

A man who serves

food and drink.

A shoemaker

makes shoes.

Bookseller Miner Dustman Journalist Painter

A bookseller

sells books.

A miner works

in a mine.

A dustman

cleans the

rubbish.

A journalist works in a

newspaper.A painter paints.

1.3.3. Sports

Let’s learn about sports. Depending on the sport or activity, we use a verb (do,

go, play) Here you are some sports and the corresponding verbs.

With “DO”

In general, DO is used with martial arts, and some sports you can do in group.

Taekwondo Karate

Yoga Judo

Athletics Gymnastics

Aerobics Kungfu

E.g.: My cousin does athletics in the sports centre.John used to do gymnastics when he was younger.I do aerobics twice a week.

With “PLAY”

PLAY in general is used for competitive sports in which you play to win.

Badminton Rugby

Basketball Football

Golf Tennis

Hockey Volleyball

E.g.: Helen plays volleyball on the beach every summer.My brother plays football with his friends.I play tennis when I have some free time.


With “GO”

GO is used with verbs ending in –ing, and normally you can do those alone.

Jogging Swimming

Skiing Ice-skating

Diving Cycling

E.g.: My grandfather goes jogging every morning.My family goes swimming every Tuesday.I go fencing with my sister.

1.3.4. Exercises

Exercise 1. Identify the family members. Fill in the blanks with the right family

member:

1. My mother’s sister is my __________

2. My father’s brother is my __________

3. Your aunt’s daughter is your __________

4. Her uncle’s son is her__________

5. His mother’s brother is her __________

6. My wife’s mother is my__________


7. Her husband’s father is her __________

8. My father’s wife is my __________

9. My husband’s brother is my __________

10. My sister is my husband’s __________

11. Two brothers who were born the same day are __________

12. My father’s mother is my __________

13. My brother’s mother is my __________ too.

14. My brother is my grandfather’s __________

15. My sister is my grandmother’s __________

16. My brother’s daughter is my __________

17. My sister’s son is my __________

18. My parents’ son is my __________

19. My father’s daughter is my __________

20. My aunt’s children are my __________

Exercise 2. Write the verb: go, play, do. Then match the sentences with the

corresponding picture.

1. I __________ aerobics when I get up in the morning.

2. My father often __________ tennis on Sunday.

3. Do you __________ gymnastics in your free time?

4. My cousins __________ windsurfing when they are on the beach.

5. I don’t __________ fencing because I don’t like that kind of sports.

6. My grandfather usually __________ athletics after having lunch.


7. Sarah __________ horse riding when she is in the village.

8. My friends __________ basketball.

9. John __________ squash every Saturday.

10. My sister __________ badminton.


1.4. Grammar

In this topic we will study grammar related to some verbal tenses, such as the

Simple Present and the Present Continuous. Remember that the Simple Present

is used for habits and the Present Continuous is used for things that are

happening at the moment of speaking.

We will also study the Past Simple and the Past Continuous, and also we will

study the possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, our, your, their).

And at the end we will see the Saxon genitive in order to talk about possession.

Let’s start studying grammar!!

1.4.1. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

Here we will study the difference between the Present Simple and the Present

Continuous and when we use each tense.

Present Simple

We use the Present Simple to talk about:

Habits

E.g.: He goes jogging every morning.I always go to work by bus.

General truths

E.g.: You get money in a bank.The sun shines.

Permanent situations

E.g.: I live in Madrid.My father works in a factory.


Do you know…?

Present Continuous

We use the Present Continuous to talk about:

Actions happening right now

E.g.: He is writing a letter for his cousin.I am washing the car.

Plans for the future.

E.g.: I am going to London in June.They are visiting their family next month.

Temporary situations

E.g.: I am living in New York during the summer.My car is broken, so I am going to work on foot.

Do you know…?


Remember that the Simple Present tense is formed with the verb in

infinitive (without “to”). In the 3rd person singular we have to add –s to

the verb (E.g.: He plays tennis)

In interrogative we put “do” or “does” (3rd person singular), then the

subject and the verb.

E.g.: Does he play tennis?

And the negative is: subject + don’t/doesn’t + verb

E.g.: He doesn’t play tennis.

Remember that the Present Continuous tense is formed with the verb “to

be” (am, is, are) and the main verb in gerund (-ing)

E.g.: They are listening to music.Are they listening to music?They aren’t listening to music.

1.4.2. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous

Here we will study the difference between the Past Simple and the Past

Continuous and when we use each tense.

Past simple

We use the Past Simple to talk about a finished past action.

E.g.: Mike was in London last year.When I was a child I played the piano.

Past continuous

We use the Past Continuous to talk about an action that was taking place in

the past. It is not very important if the action is or isn’t finished.

E.g.: When my mother arrived home I was having a bath.While I was tiding the room, John was washing the car.

Sometimes in a sentence there are two simultaneous actions that took place

in the past. In that case, we use Past Simple to talk about the action that was

finished, and the Past Continuous to talk about the action that was happening

when the first one took place.

E.g.: Yesterday when you called me I was watching TV.When you knocked the door he was listening to music.

Do you know…?


Remember that the Past Simple is formed with the verb in the past (regular

verbs: -ed/ irregular verbs: the list) The auxiliary for the interrogative is “did”

and in the negative “didn’t”

E.g.: They listened to music.Did they listen to music?They didn’t listen to music.

The Past continuous is formed with was/were and the verb in gerund (-ing)

E.g.: I was walkingWas I walking?I wasn’t walking.

1.4.3. Possessive Adjectives

We use possessive adjectives to indicate to whom the subject or object belongs

to in the sentence.

They go before a noun or a nominal group, as other adjectives. They never go

alone.

Here we are the possessive adjectives in English:

Interesting…


My I have a pen. It’s my pen.

Your You have a son. He is your son.

His This is John’s car. It’s his car.

Her Susan has a friend. She is her friend.

Its My cat has a toy. It’s its toy.

Our We have a dog. It’s our dog.

Your You have a telephone. It’s your telephone.

Their They have a problem. It’s their problem.

Notice that possessive adjectives in the second person singular and plural

have the same form: YOUR. You will know which one is referred to by the

context.

In Spanish we have the same possessive form for the 3rd person singular:

“su”, but in English there is one for masculine (he): his, and other one for

feminine (she): her.

When we talk about an animal or thing, we use the possessive adjective

“its”.

1.4.4. Saxon Genitive

The possession

In English we have two ways for expressing possession:

With “of”. We use this form when the possessor is not a person.

E.g.: The door of the house.The window of the car.

Saxon Genitive. It is a special structure used when the possessor is a person.

It is formed adding an ‘s to the possessor.

E.g.: This is Susan’s cat.Mathew’s suitcase is broken.

The pattern for the Saxon Genitive is:

E.g.:

The Saxon genitive is also used with:

Animal names

E.g.: The dog’s noseThe duck’s feathers

Countries

E.g.: England’s taxis.France’s visitors

Some time, weight, place, distance, etc. expressions.

E.g.: Last week’s meetingA kilometre’s road


POSSESSOR + ‘S + THE POSSESSED THING.

My brother ’s house

Diana ’s cat

Now let’s see some rules for the ‘s in the Saxon genitive:

1. When there is one possessor: possessor + ‘s + the possessed thing.

E.g.: Peter’s computer

2. When the name ends in –s, we can both: add another –s, or add just the ‘.

E.g.: Luis’s bird = Luis’ bird.

3. When there is more than one possessor, we only put ‘s in the last name.

E.g.: Patrick and Mary’s house.

But be careful! Because if each person has his or her own thing, we put ‘s in

both.

E.g.: Paul’s and Miriam’s car (= Paul has a car, and Miriam has another

different car, it’s not the same)

1.4.5. Exercises

Exercise 1. In the following sentences decide if the verb should be in Present

Simple or Present Continuous, and fill in the blanks with the correct verb form.

1. Look! A thief ____________(escape) from de Police.

2. My father____________ (go) to work by car everyday.

3. I ____________(go) to London next year. Do you want to come with me?

4. Susan ____________(love) pop music.

5. Paul isn’t at home right now. He ____________(study) in the library.

6. Every week John ____________(play) football with his friends.

7. Look through the window! It____________(snow)!

8. My aunt ____________(hate) chocolate.

9. Normally I ____________(live) with my parents, but this month I

____________(live) with my uncle.

10. She never ____________ (eat) meat. She is vegetarian.


Exercise 2. In the following sentences decide if the verb should be in Past

Simple or Past Continuous, and fill in the blanks with the correct verb form.

1. What ______you______ (do) when the police arrived?

I ______(tell) them all the truth.

2. While I ______(have) a bath, Peter ______(watch) TV.

3. Paul ______ (go) to visit his parents but they ______ (be) not there. They

______(go) for a walk.

4. Nobody ______(listen) to the boss when he (give) a conference.

5. While we ______ (travel) around the world my parents ______ (work) a

lot here.

6. This morning I ______ (wake) up at 7:00 o’clock.

7. While my father______(have) breakfast in the kitchen, my mother

______(listen) to her favourite song.

8. Penelope ______(switch) off the lights and ______(go) to bed.

9. Last month we ______ (go) to New York.

10. My car ______(break) down and I ______(go) on foot.

Exercise 3. In the following sentences replace the personal pronouns by the

right possessive adjectives:

1. Susan lives in New York with (she) _____ family.

2. Do you know where are (you) _____ friends at this moment?

3. I have a photograph from (I) _____ friend Jenny.

4. (She) _____ son has a girlfriend.

5. (He) _____ wife gave him a present.


6. (They) _____ cousins study in Germany.

7. I want to visit (I) _____ family next year.

8. (It) _____ food was not enough.

9. (We) _____ project is delayed.

10. (I)_____ husband and I want to have three children.

Exercise 4. Rewrite the following sentences using the Saxon Genitive:

1. The doll of the girl __________________________

2. The magazine of my mother _____________________________

3. The cars of my uncle __________________________

4. The class of the children __________________________

5. The books of Mary and John_____________________________

6. Peter is the husband of Ann __________________________

7. The girlfriend of Mike _________________________________

8. The house of my dad _________________________________

9. The bike of my cousin _________________________________

10. The glass of Lorain __________________________


1.5. Reading

1.5.1. Text

Now it is time to read a text. It is very easy. Please pay attention and read it

slowly.

Remember it is very important to understand the reading and do correctly

the comprehension exercises.

Read the following text that Susan read yesterday when she was at the base-

ball match. She was so bored that she went to the bar to read an article that

she found in her magazine People.

People

Hi. My name is Mercedes Wall. I am 33 years old. I am married to a wonderful

man named Christopher and I have two beautiful children. Chris and I got ma-

rried six years ago. We live in Brielle, New Jersey. It is a small town long the

river and close to the shore.

I was born in Lima, Peru. I have one brother. His name is Harry. He is three

years older than me. We lived in Peru until I was eight years old. My parents

made plans to move to the United States because they felt we could have better

educational opportunities. It was very difficult to leave my friends, family and

pets but we knew it was for the best.

In Peru I lived in a small community where there were many children. I had

many friends. My school was within walking distance of my home. I enjoyed

going to school every day to see my teachers and classmates. My favorite sub-

ject was Language Arts. I enjoyed reading stories and discussing them with

my family and friends.

I have a large family. On my father’s I have ten cousins and many second cou-

sins. My cousins are Carla, Carmen, Carlo, Julio Cesar, Martha, Marco Antonio,

Tony, Gina, Melissa and Roger. They all live in the United States. My cousins

on my mother side live in Peru. There I have more than 20 cousins. I miss my

family in Peru very much and I hope to return there with my husband and chil-

dren in the near future.


My children are Christian Alejandro and Sofia Mercedes. They are four and

three years old. They enjoy going to school and seeing their friends and tea-

chers. Sofia takes ballet class every Wednesday. On Monday she also has art

lessons. Her favorite activity is playing “Pretend” with her friend Madeline.

Christian takes basketball on Fridays with his best friend Casey. My children

are growing up speaking to languages, Spanish and English. I hope they con-

tinue to study Spanish in school.

My husband Chris is a very good man. We met after college in New Brunswick,

New Jersey. Chris and I started going to Spain when we first met. We loved

it so much we decided to buy a house there. Now we go every year. Christian

and Sofia love going to Spain too.

Chris and I enjoy hiking and visiting historical cities. Our last trip we took was

to the Cazorla mountains in Spain. We love hiking the old trails and seeing the

views from tops of mountains. Our children enjoyed having a picnic at the top

of a tall cliff. They had a wonderful time. We hope to explore mountains closer

to home. Next time we will hike Harriman mountain in New York.


1. Read this part of the previous text. This time it has wrong words. Correct

these words underlining them and then write the correct ones.

My children is Christian Alejandro and Sofia Mercedes. They have are four and

three years old. They enjoy go to school and seeing their friends and teachers.

Sofia take ballet class every Wednesday. On Monday she also has art lessons.

Her favorite activity is playing “Pretend” with her friend Madeline. Christian

takes basketball in Fridays with her best friend Casey. My children are growing

up speaking two languages, Spanish and english. I hope they continue stud-

ying Spanish in school.


1.6. Grammar

Now it’s time of speaking. Here we will learn some essential things about pho-

netics in English. In this topic we will learn some vowel sounds.

Then you will speak to Susan. She will ask you some questions and you will

answer her.

Are you ready? If so, come on!!

Introduction

In English there are 44 sounds, but the English alphabet has 26 letters. The

rest of the sounds can be found in the called “Phonetic alphabet”, in which each

sound has a symbol.

In this topic we will learn some vowel sounds, and some words where they are.

They are 12, but here we will study 6.

Vowel sounds


1.7. Practice

1.7.1. Vocabulary

Exercise 1. Choose the correct option. Who is this that person?

Aunt My father’s sister

My mother’s brother

My father’s daughter

Cousin My aunt’s brother

My uncle’s son

My grandparent’s son

Step-mother My mother

My grandmother’s niece

My father’s wife but not my mother

Sister-in-law My sister’s husband

My sister’s daughter

My husband’s sister

Niece My brother’s son


My cousin’s father

Nephew My brother’s son


My cousin’s father

Grandparents My father’s brothers

My mother’s sisters

My mother’s parents

Father-in-law My husband’s father

My mother’s mother

My son’s wife


Exercise 2. Mark the correct answer:

1.7.2. Grammar

Exercise 3. Present simple and present continuous.

Make negative sentences:

1. Our cat likes eating fresh fish.

____________________________________________________________

2. Mary looks like her sister.

____________________________________________________________

3. Most people of sixty looks old

____________________________________________________________

4. The directors are going to the school

____________________________________________________________

5. Are you playing basket on Saturdays?

____________________________________________________________

6. The man in blue comes late in the morning

___________________________________________________________

7. My mother and my father look old

____________________________________________________________

8. Spanish people work 8 hours a week

_____________________________________________________________


9. Alice is practicing tennis tomorrow evening

___________________________________________________________

10. This pianist plays the piano

____________________________________________________________

11. Two nurses come to my house on Monday to see my grandmother.

____________________________________________________________

12. I have got a colour television

____________________________________________________________

13. I love dancing and drawing in my free time.

____________________________________________________________

14. I speak English much better than you.

____________________________________________________________

15. The customer is buying a product

____________________________________________________________

16. The planes are taking off in five minutes

____________________________________________________________

Exercise 4. Write the saxon genitive (‘s) or Plural –s

See the example:

(toy) My sister has got a lot of____. My sister has a lot of toys.

1. (Peter) Is this _________ brother?

3. (Ann) _____ house was quite expensive.

4. (interest) Have you got many_______?

5. (mother) That is my _____ wallet.

6. (game) Why don't you play with these _____?

7. (teacher) This is my ________ book.


8. (Ms. Smith) Do you know Ms. ________address?

9. (father) I met my ________ doctor at home

10 (uncle) My _____ racket is very good and expensive

Exercise 5. Make the possessive form of the nouns given.

See the example:

1. My _______ house is in London. (brother) My brother's house is in London.

(brother)

1. My ____________shirt is purple. (friend)

2. The _______________books are on the desk. (girls)

3. It's __________birthday on Monday. (John)

4. Do you have ___________newspaper? (today)

5. The __________________bags are in the bedroom. (children)

6. My ________________office is next to mine. (boss)

7. Your uncle is your ______________brother. (father)

8. Your aunt is your ____________________sister. (mother)

9. My ________________birthdays are next month. (friends)

10. A ____________________tail is long. (monkey)

Exercise 6. Past simple or Past Continuous?

1. Mary ____ for me when I ______. (wait/arrive)

2. When I ______ younger, I _____ to be a lawyer. (be/want)

3. She _____ to the other way, so she _____ see me. (look/can not)


4. We ______ a chat while we _____ for our train. (have/wait)

5. We _____ what to do yesterday after the accident.(not know)

6. Peter ______ a photograph of me when I _____.(take /not look)

7. The television ______ on, but nobody ______ it. (be/watch)

8. When I last ______ him in London, he _______ to find a job

there.(see/try)

9. I _____ somebody followed me, so I ______ to run. (think/start)

10. The bell ______ while I _____ my hair. (ring/dry)

11. Paul and I ______ tennis yesterday. He _____ easily.(play/win)

12. The movie ____ very good, I _____. (not be/not enjoy)

13. I _____ at home, when my phone _____. (study/ring)

14. He ____ his coffee when he ___ his uncle. (drink/see)

15. Peter and his wife____ to their room while I_____. (go/pay)

16. Carla ____ the accident when she _____ to the store.(see/walk)

17. The doctor _____ what to do in that situation. (not know)

18. When a friend ______ me home, he _________ his car. (drive/crash)

19. They ____ their homework when their mother ____ (do/arrive)

20. _____ you in Mexico when I ____ in New York? (be/be)


1.8. English World

Enjoy reading and listening interesting things about Boston

My first impression is that Boston is authentic and a cultural city. I wanted to

investigate more about it, so I surfed the net and had a look its website

http://www.cityofboston.gov

And also I found some information about Cambridge and Harvard University!

Boston

Boston, first incorporated as a town in 1630, and as

a city in 1822, is one of America's oldest cities, with

a rich economic and social history. What began as a

homesteading community eventually evolved into a

center for social and political change.

Boston has since become the economic and cultural

hub of New England.

As the region's hub, Boston is home to nearly 590,000 residents, many

institutions of higher education, some of the world's finest inpatient hospitals,

and numerous cultural and professional sports organizations. Boston-based

jobs, primarily within the finance, health care, educational, and service areas,

numbered nearly 660,000 in 2002. Millions of people visit Boston to take in its

historic neighborhoods, attend cultural or sporting events, and conduct

business.

Susan wants to tell us what to do in Boston

Things To Do in Boston

I love Boston. I'm not sure when it happened, but somewhere in the last three

years Boston won my heart. Although I didn’t spend enough time to explore

everywhere.

In Boston you can see museums, parks, sports…people in Boston like sports,

they are vital to the city's character. Historical walking tours can be also


interesting.

A tour bus plunging into water is not something you see everyday, but in

Boston, Duck Boats-amphibious vehicles designed to travel on both land and

water- are common.

Boston has a lot of history, great restaurants and nightlife. For kids visiting

Boston should be fun, the Boston’s children museum is good spot for them.

Franklin Park Zoo is fun for both adults and children. For adults, there is a large

variety of animals.

Anyway, Boston is difficult to get around by car or bus so the best way to get

to know the city and its history is through a walking tour on foot.

Susan is giving me some information about Cambridge and Harvard University.

Listen to her and you will know more about them.

Cambridge, Massachusetts

The people of Cambridge want to inform the world

that their city is not a neighbourhood of Boston.

There we can find Central Square as the social

center or Harvard Square that is the grand cultural

and geographical nucleus of Cambridge with

theatres, cinemas, museums, restaurants and

stores along with its storied history as the home to Harvard University. Just

north of Central Square, we can find Inman Square, more residential with food

shops, bars and restaurants along with locals and national jazz acts. Two more

places that we can enjoy in Cambridge are Kendall Square and Porter Square.

Harvard University

Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher

learning in the United States.

Harvard College was established in 1636 by vote of the

Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay

Colony and was named for its first benefactor, John

Harvard.

Today, Harvard has the fourth largest library collection in the world and the


largest financial endowment of any academic institution. It lists over 6,000

undergraduate and 13,000 postgraduate students as well as a staff of 2,300.

Its well-known motto is "veritas" or truth. Since 1875, the official school color

is crimson and that's also the name given to Harvard sports teams as well as

the daily school newspaper, The Harvard Crimson Tide.


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