NOMBRE: ________________________________________ CÉDULA: _____________________ SECCIÓN: _____ PROFESOR: ____________________________ PREPARADOR: _____________________________ NOTA: _____

INFORME No. 8 GASES

EXPERIMENTO No 1: Obtención de dióxido de carbono

Describa brevemente como estaba constituido el sistema que montó en este experimento ____________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Por qué se utiliza una solución saturada de CO2 en agua? _____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Por qué se deben eliminar las burbujas de aire atrapadas en las mangueras? ______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Para qué se igualan los niveles de líquido del tubo y del bulbo de nivelación? ____________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

TABLA I

DATOS 1 2 Masa de la muestra (g)

Lectura inicial en el tubo (mL) Lectura final en el tubo (mL)

Volumen de CO2 (mL) Moles obtenidos de CO2 (mol) Moles teóricos de CO2 (mol) Rendimiento porcentual (%)

Temperatura ambiente: ( ± ) ºC Presión atmosférica: ( ± ) mmHg Presión de vapor del agua a temperatura ambiente: ( ) mmHg

Cálculos:

En hoja anexa, utilizando un editor de ecuaciones y siguiendo las indicaciones de la Guía del Laboratorio y su preparador.

5. Justifique el rendimiento obtenido tomando en cuenta las posibles fuentes de error _________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

EXPERIMENTO No. 2: Obtención del cloruro de hidrógeno y caracterización del ácido clorhídrico

Masa de NaCl: ____________________

Indique sus observaciones ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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Indique el nombre de la solución obtenida y el valor de pH: ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Justifique sus observaciones en las pruebas realizadas en el tubo A ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Cuál propiedad se comprobó en las pruebas realizadas en el tubo B? Justifique las observaciones. ____________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

EXPERIMENTO No. 3: Obtención del cloro y caracterización de la mezcla de hipoclorito y cloruro

Masa de NaCl: ___________________________ Masa de MnO2: ______________________________

Indique sus observaciones _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Por qué el gas obtenido en la reacción se recoge en solución de NaOH y no en agua? ______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Justifique sus observaciones en las pruebas realizadas en el tubo C ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Explique por qué al agregarle AgNO3 al tubo C, no se forma hipoclorito de plata __________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

¿Cuál propiedad se comprobó en las pruebas realizadas en el tubo D? Justifique sus observaciones e indique la función que cumple la solución de almidón ___________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

CONCLUSIONES ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________

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