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음악이론의 이해 1 음악이론의 이해 . 음악이론의 영역 서양음악이론은 음악분과학들 가운데 가장 정의내리기 어려운 분야로 인다. 음악이론이란 용어에 적용되는 여러 가지 의미들을 단계적으로 정리 보면 다음과 같다: 1) 실기를 제외한 음악의 모든 분야(, 음악학 ). 음악학에서 음악사 분야를 제외한 모든 다른 분야(, 체계음악학). 체계음악학의 일부, , 음향학(조율법), 악기학을 비롯하여 작곡법, 연주 , 관현악법, 기보법, 음계이론, 리듬론 . 재즈를 비롯한 대중음악에 대한 최근의 이론적 취급도 여기에 속할 있다. 음악의 구조(선율, 리듬, , 대위법, 화성, 형식 )대한 연구. 이와 같은 음악이론의 다양한 의미 18-20세기에 걸쳐 나타나는 음악학의 분야들에 대한 다양한 분류에서도 유사하게 나타나는데, 1) 그런 현상에 대한 가장 이유로는 음악의 분야들 날로 세분화되어온 것을 있다. 음악학의 세분화된 여러 분야들이 1 ) Stanley Sadie, ed., New Grove Dictionary of Music, “Theory, Theorists,” vol. 19, s.v. Claude V. Palisca, p.741; 이석원, “음악과 인접학문: 체계음악학의 추세와 재편 전망,” 『음악이론연구』 2(1997), 4-9. 2 ) 박미경, 옮김(Hans Tischler ), “그리고 음악학이란 무엇인가?” 『음악학이란?(부산세종출판 , 1997), 20-22참조. . 음악이론의 영역 . 음악이론의 갈래 : 사변적 이론과 실제적 이론 . 음악이론의 주제들과 역사적 고찰 . 맺음말

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Page 1: Information on the activities of the ... - United Nations€¦ · the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Independent States”. The resolution complies with the spirit of the

* GEGN/30/1

**Submitted by the Working Group on Geographical Names of the CIS Interstate Council for Geodesy, Cartography,

Cadastre and Earth Remote Sensing and the Chairman of the Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia Division of the

UNGEGN V.M. Boginsky (Russia).

UNITED NATIONS GROUP OF EXPERTS WORKING PAPER

ON GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES NO. 11

Thirtieth session

New York, 7 and 18 August 2017 English

Item 4 of the provisional agenda*

Reports of the liaison officers

Information on the activities of the Working Group on Geographical

Names of the Interstate Council for Geodesy, Cartography, Cadastre

and Earth Remote Sensing of the Commonwealth of Independent States

(CIS)

Submitted by the Working Group on Geographical Names of the CIS Interstate Council for Geodesy,

Cartography, Cadastre and Earth Remote Sensing and the Chairman of the Eastern Europe, Northern and

Central Asia Division of the UNGEGN**

Page 2: Information on the activities of the ... - United Nations€¦ · the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Independent States”. The resolution complies with the spirit of the

Summary*

The Report provides information on successful cooperation between the Working Group

on Geographical Names of the CIS Interstate Council for Geodesy, Cartography, Cadastre and

Earth Remote Sensing and the Eastern Europe, Northern and Central Asia Division of the UN

Group of Experts on Geographical Names.

On November 21, 2016, the UN General Assembly considered Item 126 of the Agenda of

the 71st Session and adopted the resolution tabled by the Kyrgyz Republic “Cooperation between

the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Independent States”.

The resolution complies with the spirit of the Declaration of the CIS member-states which

was made on September 16, 2016, on the occasion of the 25th

anniversary of the CIS

and which emphasized the need to develop cooperation with international organizations, first of all

the UN, and thus to enhance the authority of the CIS in the world arena.

Over the course of last 20 years, many member-states of the Eastern Europe, Northern and

Central Asia Division of the UNGEGN (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrghystan,

Russia, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, and the Ukraine) were taking an active part in cooperation with

the Working Group on Geographical Names of the CIS Interstate Council for Geodesy,

Cartography, Cadastre and Earth Remote Sensing.

The Working Group on Geographical Names (hereinafter the Working Group) was

established in October 1996 in pursuance of the resolutions taken by the 9th

Session of the CIS

Interstate Council for Geodesy, Cartography, Cadastre and Earth Remote Sensing (hereinafter the

Interstate Council).

The Working Group was organized as a consultative body to develop proposals and

recommendations to be further considered by the Interstate Council while taking decisions related

to identification and usage of geographical names in the CIS member-states.

The Working Group is entrusted with the following tasks:

- prepare proposals and recommendations for the Interstate Council in terms of

geographical names;

- compile bulletins on changes in geographical names made in the CIS member-states and

prepare their publication.

The activities of the Working Group are regulated by the Provisions for the Working

Group approved by the Interstate Council.

Throughout that time, the efforts of the Working Group have been coordinated by the

cartographic and geodetic service of the Russian Federation.

Page 3: Information on the activities of the ... - United Nations€¦ · the United Nations and the Commonwealth of Independent States”. The resolution complies with the spirit of the

3

The Working Group held regular meetings and invited specialists of the Eastern Europe,

Northern and Central Asia Division of the UNGEGN to attend them. In total, twelve meetings

were organized (Moscow, 1996; Moscow, 1999; Minsk, 2001; Moscow, 2004; Kiev, 2005; Lviv,

2006; Sofia, 2008; Minsk, 2010; Baku, 2012; Yalta, 2013; Yerevan, 2015; Chisinau, 2016). At the

meetings, the experts exchanged information and experience related to different geographical

names issues (current state of legal and normative framework in the area of geographical names,

usage of Romanization systems, compilation of gazetteers and dictionaries of geographical names,

development of national databases of geographical names, etc.)

Discussions at the Working Group meetings resulted in providing appropriate

recommendations. The way in which they had been implemented was considered at the Group’s

subsequent meetings. Recommendations were submitted for discussing at the sessions of the

Interstate Council. Appropriate resolutions were taken for the Working Group activity to be

guided.

The Working Group mainly focused on the way to provide a regular exchange of

information on all changes in geographical names made in the CIS member-states. Joint efforts

made in this direction resulted in compiling and publishing of the information bulletin “Changes in

geographical names in CIS member-states” and three supplements to it.

In 2007, the Working Group suggested that instead of releasing standalone bulletins, the

e-Bulletin of changes in geographical names in the CIS countries (hereinafter the e-Bulletin)

should be created and populated on a regular basis and thus an efficient exchange of computer

information on changes in geographical names should be provided.

In 2013, the upgraded format of the data to be available in the e-Bulletin of geographical

names’ changes was adopted. This format is used up to now. In the updated e-Bulletin, the

information is provided as alphabetical lists of geographical names arranged per countries. Within

the lists, the information is put in a table form and includes the following items:

- former names and generic terms in the Russian language;

- new names and generic terms in the national and Russian languages;

- current administrative affiliations of geographical objects;

- dates (DD-MM-YYYY) when names of geographical objects were legally changed.

New names of geographical objects are rendered in Russian in accordance with the rules

adopted in an appropriate country to render geographical names from a national language into

Russian. In case the newly rendered names differ from those traditionally used in Russia, the

latter are given in parentheses.

The e-Bulletin contains information on more than 6 300 geographical names of 11

countries which have been legally changed since 1990.

Annually, all changes made in geographical names which have been revealed by the

members of the Working Group in their countries, are considered at the Group’s meeting and, if

approved by the session of the Interstate Council, are included in the e-Bulletin. The updated

Bulletin is sent to all cartographic and geodetic services of the countries which participated in its

update and is posted on the website of Rosreestr (www.rosreestr.ru) in open access.