Infection Prevention & Exposure Control… Online Orientation

Kimberly Koerner RN, BSN

Associate Health Nurse

Created in 2015

Reviewed/Edited Jan 2017

Hand Hygiene

• Adherence to hand hygiene guidelines among healthcare personnel is poor (Center for Innovation in Quality Patient Care,

2012)

• Hand hygiene remains the most critical intervention for preventing the transmission of infectious materials to our patients

• Hand hygiene – Cleaning hands using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub

• Hand hygiene opportunities include – Before touching a patient – Before performing a clean or invasive procedure – After handling body fluids – After touching the patient, environment, or objects involved in

the patient’s care – After removing gloves – Please clean your hands when entering the patient’s room and

leaving….sends a message of commitment to Quality Patient Safety

Hand Hygiene Surveillance Hand Hygiene compliance is being observed….

As a healthcare worker I do not need to wash my hands or use hand sanitizer prior to entering a patient room because I just washed my hands leaving the previous patient’s room.

True

False

Standard Precautions

• Standard Precautions

– Treat all patient’s blood or body fluids as if they are infectious material

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Personal

Protective

Equipment

Specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious material.

Isolation Precautions

• Standard Precautions – Treat all patient’s blood or body fluids as if they are infectious material

• Contact Precautions - used for diseases transmitted by contact with the patient or the patient’s environment

• Contact Precautions with Mask - used for diseases transmitted by contact with the patient or the patient’s environment

• Droplet Precautions - prevent transmission of disease caused by large respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking

• Airborne Precautions - prevent transmission of infectious organisms that remain suspended in the air and travel great distances

• Protective Environment Precautions - a protective environment is recommend for allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients to reduce the risk of invasive environmental fungal infections

A new patient on the unit requires Physical Therapy and you have some free time so you are going to visit with the patient. There are no precaution signs on the door. To your knowledge there is no infectious processes present. What type of isolation precaution would you adhere to?

A. Universal precautions

B. Standard precautions

Contact Precautions

• Patient Placement – single room preferred; however, patients with the same disease or organism may share a room

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – gown and gloves required on room entry Change gown and gloves between patients even if both patients share a room and both are on Contact Precautions

• Patient Transport – The transporter should discard contaminated PPE before transporting the patient. Wear clean PPE for transportation of patient. Inform the receiving department of Isolation Precautions.

• MRSA, VRE, MDRO (multidrug resistant organisms), C-Difficile, chickenpox, and smallpox, Rota Virus, Hepatitis A, RSV, pediculosis, scabies, shingles, croup

Gown

Gloves

Standard Precautions

&

Healthcare workers are at risk of being EXPOSED through:

• NEEDLESTICKS

• OTHER SHARP INJURIES

• MUCUS MEMBRANES

• NON-INTACT SKIN

Occupational Exposures

Most common types of Bloodborne Pathogens:

• human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) • hepatitis B virus (HBV) • hepatitis C virus (HCV)

NEEDLESTICKS OTHER SHARP INJURIES MUCUS MEMBRANES NON-INTACT SKIN All the above

Health care workers are at risk of being exposed to bloodborne pathogens by which of the following:

Site of Exposure: • Use soap and water to wash areas exposed to infected

fluids as soon as possible.

• Flush exposed mucous membranes with water.

• Flush exposed eyes with water or saline solution.

Occupational Exposure

What is the first thing you should do after a potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens?

Call the phlebotomy office Go to the ER Use soap and water on exposed skin or flush mucus membranes with water Pretend nothing happened

Report and Document

Exposures are immediately reported to supervisor and an Exposure Report is filled out by the employee

V-Survey Work Comp

Where would you report an exposure to blood or body fluids?

Any icon in V-survey Under Workman’s Compensation in V-survey Paper form received from HUC No form needs to be filled out

OBTAIN CONSENT

Consent is obtained from the employee and the known source

Lab test: HIV hepatitis B hepatitis C If known source is negative: no further testing required If known source is positive: Associate testing treatment if indicated Source unknown: Associate testing treatment if indicated

Post Exposure Associate Health Nurse

Extension 5638

Post exposure counseling and follow-up are provided by the Associate Health Nurse.

Exposure Control Plan

Exposure control plan is located on the Hays Medical Center intranet under

policy and procedures