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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Mobile Internet Service
鄭仁傑網際網路軟體技術組 (W000)
中華民國八十九年三月二十二日
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
AgendaWhat is Mobile Internet Service?Wireless Application Protocol
Technical Overview WAP 產品發展現況CCL/ITRI Mobile Internet ProjectMobile CommerceMobile Internet Technology Outlook
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP-Enable Device Application Gateway目標
Ubiquitous Networks
Internet Service
Wireless Application ProtocolWAP Protocol,Wireless Transport Layer
SecurityMobile Internet Multimedia Application
Environment
Mobile InternetMobile Internet
Strategis Group統計行動數據應用的項目比率最高為訊息 /電子郵件 (27%),依序為個人資料處理 (15%)及上網 (14%)上網方式統計, 1999年透過行動通訊器材上網之比率為 16%,預估至2005年將成長至 41%
多元化的網路型態,頻寬大且無所不在
資訊流為中心的行動運算互連網路應用服務
Mobile/Wireless Information Computing
建立Mobile Internet Service所需的應用平台設計技術
WAP Protocol 、Micro-Browser*Personalize Information ServiceOn-Line Multimedia Information ServiceMobile Commerce
我國網路家電產業產值將由 1999年的 2.35億美元成長至 2002年的 13.94億美元,年複合成長率達 81%
1999年我國智慧型掌上裝置產量 22萬台 (全球產量 4,036萬台),產值約為 5,500萬美元,全球市場占有率為 5.45%
Internet Appliance
WAP Gateway / Proxy Server*Mobile AgentPush Service
*已進行的項目
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Mobile Internet Service Overview
Mobility Service
Internet
線上資訊服務
金融資訊商務 個人資訊服務
2G & 3G
WAP Enable Device
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Wireless Application Protocols(I) What is WAP?
The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with information and services instantly
Which wireless networks does WAP work with? WAP is designed to work with most wireless networks such as
CDPD, CDMA, GSM, PDC, PHS, TDMA, FLEX, ReFLEX, iDEN, TETRA, DECT, DataTAC, Mobitex.
What operating systems are compatible with WAP? WAP is a communications protocol and application environment.
It can be built on any operating system including PalmOS, EPOC, Windows CE, FLEXOS, OS/9, JavaOS etc. It provides service
interoperability even between different device families.
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Wireless Application Protocols(II) WAP 論 壇 主 要 由
ERICSSON , MOTOROLA , NOKIA , UNWIRED PLANET等四家廠商,針對未來無線網路的加值服務( Value-added Service )所共同成立的一個業界聯盟,其目標有四:
希望在手機及其他無線終端設備上建立擷取 Internet內容( Content)及數據服務的能力
訂定一組適用所有無線網路技術的標準協定 開發可運用於所有無線網路及其終端設備的 Internet內容和應用
利用既有的標準及技術來發展WAP
Introduction and Overview
WAP Architecture WAP Architecture
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Web Server
Content
CGIScripts
etc.
WM
L D
ecks
wit
h W
ML
-Scr
ipt
WAP Gateway
WML Encoder
WMLScriptCompiler
Protocol Adapters
Client
WML
WML-Script
WTAI
Etc.
HTTPWSP/WTP
The WAP Architecture
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Internet
Comparison between Internet and WAP Technologies
HTMLJavaScript
HTTP
TLS - SSL
TCP/IPUDP/IP
Wireless Application Protocol
Wireless ApplicationEnvironment (WAE)
Session Layer (WSP)
Security Layer (WTLS)
Transport Layer (WDP)
Other Services andApplications
Transaction Layer (WTP)
SMS USSD CSD IS-136 CDMA CDPD PDC-P Etc..
Bearers:
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP specifies…
Wireless Application Environment WML Microbrowser WMLScript Virtual Machine WMLScript Standard Library Wireless Telephony Application Interface WAP Content Types
Wireless Protocols Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) Wireless network interface definitions
WAP Application Environment WAP Application Environment
WML and WMLScript
Wireless Telephony Architecture
Content Formats
Push
User Agent Profile
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAE GoalsNetwork-neutral application environment;For narrow-band wireless devices;With an Internet/WWW programming
model;And a high degree of interoperability.
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAE RequirementsLeverage WSP and WTPLeverage Internet standard technologyDevice IndependentNetwork Independent International SupportVendor-controlled MMI Initial focus on phones
Slow bearers Small memory Limited CPU Small screen Limited input model
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAE First GenerationArchitecture
Application model Browser, Gateway, Content Server
WML Display language
WMLScript Scripting language
WTA Telephony services API and architecture
Content Formats Data exchange
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WML Second GenerationExtensions and enhancements
Currently under development
User Agent Profiling Content customized for device
Push Model Network-initiated content delivery
Performance Enhancements Caching, etc.
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
GatewayClientNetwork
Application
WSP/HTTP Request {URL}
WSP/HTTP Reply {Content}
WAE Abstract Network Architecture
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Web Server
Content
CGIScripts
etc.
WM
L D
ecks
wit
h W
ML
-Scr
ipt
WAP Gateway
WML Encoder
WMLScriptCompiler
Protocol Adapters
Client
WML
WML-Script
WTAI
Etc.
HTTPWSP/WTP
Network Example #1: WAP Gateway
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP Application Server
Content
ApplicationLogic
WM
L D
ecks
wit
h W
ML
-Scr
ipt
WML Encoder
WMLScriptCompiler
Protocol Adapters
Client
WML
WML-Script
WTAI
Etc.
WSP/WTP
Network Example #2:WAP Application Server
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WMLTag-based browsing language:
Screen management (text, images) Data input (text, selection lists, etc.) Hyperlinks & navigation support
W3C XML-based languageInherits technology from HDML and
HTML
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WML (cont.)
Card metaphor User interactions are split into cards Navigation occurs between cards
Explicit inter-card navigation model Hyperlinks UI Event handling History
State management and variables Reduce network traffic Results in better caching
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
InputElements
WML Example
Deck
CardNavigation
Variables
<WML> <CARD> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“#eCard”/> </DO Welcome! </CARD> <CARD NAME=“eCard”> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“/submit?N=$(N)&S=$(S)”/> </DO> Enter name: <INPUT KEY=“N”/> Choose speed: <SELECT KEY=“S”> <OPTION VALUE=“0”>Fast</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=“1”>Slow</OPTION> <SELECT> </CARD></WML>
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WMLScriptScripting language:
Procedural logic, loops, conditionals, etc. Optimized for small-memory, small-cpu
devices
Derived from JavaScript™Integrated with WML
Powerful extension mechanism Reduces overall network traffic
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WMLScript (cont.)Bytecode-based virtual machine
Stack-oriented design ROM-able Designed for simple, low-impact
implementation
Compiler in network Better network bandwidth use Better use of terminal memory/cpu.
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Functions
WMLScript Example
WMLScript is very similar to JavaScript
ProgrammingConstructs
Variables
function currencyConvertor(currency, exchRate) { return currency*exchangeRate; }
function myDay(sunShines) { var myDay; if (sunShines) { myDay = “Good”; } else { myDay = “Not so good”; }; return myDay;}
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WTATools for building telephony applicationsDesigned primarily for:
Network Operators / Carriers Equipment Vendors
Network security and reliability a major consideration
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WTA (cont.)WTA Browser
Extensions added to standard WML/WMLScript browser
Exposes additional API (WTAI)
WTAI includes: Call control Network text messaging Phone book interface Indicator control Event processing
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WTA (cont.)Network model for client/server interaction
Event signaling Client requests to server
Security model: segregation Separate WTA browser Separate WTA port
WTAI available in WML & WMLScript
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Placing an outgoing call with WTAI:
Input Element
WTAI Call
<WML><CARD> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“wtai:cc/mc;$(N)”/> </DO> Enter phone number: <INPUT TYPE=“TEXT” KEY=“N”/></CARD></WML>
WTA Example
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Content FormatsCommon interchange formatsPromoting interoperabilityFormats:
Business cards: IMC vCard standard Calendar: IMC vCalendar standard Images: WBMP (Wireless BitMaP) Compiled WML, WMLScript
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Content Format Example
Image Element
<WML><CARD> Hello World!<BR/> <IMG SRC=“/world.wbmp” ALT=“[Globe]” /></CARD></WML>
Example Use of an Image:
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
PushPush is under developmentNetwork-push of content
Alerts or service indications Pre-caching of data
Goals: Extensibility and simplicity Build upon WAP 1.0 End-to-end solution Security User friendly
32
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
User Agent Profiles (UAProf)UAProf is under developmentGoal: content personalization, based upon:
Device characteristics, user preferences Other profile information
Working with W3C on CC/PP RDF-based content format Describes “capability and profile” info
Efficient transport over wireless links, caching, etc.
33
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAE Technical CollaborationW3C
White paper published Technical collaboration
• CC/PP
• HTML-NG
• HTTP-NG
• Etc.
ETSI/MExEOthers coming soon
34
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Summary: WAE StatusFirst generation released
Implementations are in progress Specifications include:
• WAE, WML, WMLScript
• WBMP, WTA, WTAI, etc.
Second generation in development Focusing on:
• Push, Interoperability, UAProf
• Telephony, Internationalization, etc.
Wireless Session Protocol
Wireless Transaction Protocol
Wireless Datagram Protocol
Wireless Transport ProtocolsWireless Transport Protocols
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Wireless Transaction Service Access Point
Wireless Datagram Protocol
BearerService
D
BearerService
CBearerService
B
Transport Service Access Point (TSAP)
BearerService
A
Physical Layer Air Link Technology
Wireless Transaction Protocol
Wireless Session Protocol
Wireless Session Service Access Point
WCMP
WAP Protocol Layers
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP Transport ServicesWSP is the Session Layer ProtocolWTP is the Transaction-Oriented protocolWDP is the Datagram protocol
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP Over GSM Circuit-Switched
RAS - Remote Access ServerIWF - InterWorking Function
WSP
WAE
Subnetwork
IP
WSP
WAE Apps onOther Servers
WAP Proxy/Server
CSD-RF
PPP
IP
Mobile
IWF
PSTNCircuit
CSD-RF
ISP/RAS
SubnetworkPSTNCircuit
PPP
IP
WTP
UDP
WTP
UDP
Service, Protocol, and Bearer Example
39
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP Over GSM Short Message Service
SMS
WDP
WTP
WSP
WAE
SMS
Subnetwork
WDP
WDP Tunnel Protocol
Subnetwork
WDP TunnelProtocol
WTP
WSP
WAE Apps onother servers
SMSC
WAP Proxy/ServerMobile
under development
Service, Protocol, and Bearer Example
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP WDP Tunneling Architecture
Non-IP bearer(f.I. SMS)
WDP &Adaptation
WSP
WAE
Non-IP bearer(f.I. SMS)
Tunnel
Subnetwork
Tunnel
WDP &Adaptation
WSP
WAE Apps onother servers
WirelessData
Gateway(message
center)
WAPProxy/ServerMobile
defined in the WDP Specification
Subnetwork
WTPWTP
WDP TUNNEL SpecificationWAP context
WTLS Services & Characteristics
WAP Security WAP Security
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WTLS Services and CharacteristicsSpecifies a framework for secure connections, using
protocol elements from common Internet security protocols like SSL and TLS.
Provides security facilities for encryption, strong authentication, integrity, and key management
Compliance with regulations on the use of cryptographic algorithms and key lengths in different countries
Provides end-to-end security between protocol end points
43
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WTLS Services and Characteristics Provides connection security for two communicating
applications• privacy (encryption)• data integrity (MACs)• authentication (public-key and symmetric)
Lightweight and efficient protocol with respect to bandwidth, memory and processing power
Employs special adapted mechanisms for wireless usage• Long lived secure sessions• Optimised handshake procedures• Provides simple data reliability for operation over datagram
bearers
44
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Record Protocol
Handshake Protocol
Alert Protocol
Application Protocol
Change Cipher Spec Protocol
Transaction Protocol (WTP)
Datagram Protocol (WDP/UDP)
Bearer networks
WTLS
Record protocol
WTLS Internal Architecture
Wireless Interoperability Group Wireless Interoperability Group
46
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Wireless Interoperability GroupWireless Interoperability Group WIG Mission statement
“To ensure that WAP products To ensure that WAP products are conformant to WAP specs are conformant to WAP specs and interwork with each other.”and interwork with each other.”
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Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP產品發展現況產品/服務型態 廠商名稱 產品名稱 備註
Alcatel OneTouch View GSM手機Ericsson R380 GSM手機Motorola I1000+
Timeport P7389GSM手機
Nokia 7110 GSM手機預計 1999 Q4上市
WAPTerminal
Siemens S25 GSM手機Angelica Angel-one Gateway軟體
Apion Binian Gateway軟體CMG telecom WAP Service Broker Gateway軟體
Ericsson WAP Gateway/Proxy Gateway軟體Dr.Materna Materna Gateway Gateway軟體Phone.com UP.link Gateway軟體
RTS Advantage Gateway軟體
WAPGateway
Spyglass Prism Gateway軟體Angelica Wireless ApSASPIRO Fleet Manager 網管軟體
Infinite Tech InterChange E-MailLucent SMSC 短訊服務
Peramon Lexico 個人資訊系統(PIS)Phone.com UP.Mail、UP.Organizer
WAP應用程式
Tecnomen Unified MessageService
資料來源:WAP Forum, 1999/10,電通所 IT IS整理
產品/服務型態 廠商名稱 產品名稱 備註Alcatel HomeTop Internet Portal
發展套件Argo Interactive ActiGate Gateway發展套件Baltimore Tech. W/SECURE WTLS發展套件
Certicom WTLS Plus 1.0 WTLS發展套件Ericsson IDESDK WAP整合發展套件
MAZ VAS 加值服務Melody Interactive MyWAP 用戶端應用程式
Nokia NAMP WAP整合發展套件Oracle Project Panama Internet Portal
發展套件
WAP發展套件
Phone.com UP.SDK WAP整合發展套件Digital Bridges Online Games 10種線上遊戲
IDO EZAcessLG Telecom 019 EZMapQuest MapQuest.com 地圖檢索
Pc-plus Computing IDA.wap 線上目錄服務Sorena WAP ServiceUCP Ucphone.com Content Provider
WAP服務
Virtual Mobile Banking
48
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
CCL/ITRI 計畫內容Java WAP Protocol Stack設計技術
進行內容項目* HTTP Translator
* Wireless Session Protocol(WSP)
* Wireless Transport Layer Security Protocol(WTLS)
* Wireless Transaction Protocol(WTP)
* Wireless Datagram Protcol(WDP)
* GSM Short Message System(SMS) Interface
* Java Cryptographic Library(Cryptix)
WAP Gateway設計技術 * WTLS to SSL Protocol Converter
* HTML to WML Converter
* WPKI Portal
* Proxy Gateway
Java Micro-Browser設計技術
* Wireless Markup Language(WML) Language Encoder/Decoder
* Compress WML (WMLC) Encoder/Decoder
* WMLScript Language Encoder/Decoder
* Layout Manager
49
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Mobile Internet Access 內容
RS-232
GSM Modem / Short MessageGSM Modem / Short Message
IrDAIrDA
TCP/UDP/IPTCP/UDP/IP
Wireless Datagram Protocol /Wireless Control Message Protocol
Wireless Datagram Protocol /Wireless Control Message Protocol
Wireless Transport Layered SecurityWireless Transport Layered Security
Wireless Transaction ProtocolWireless Transaction Protocol
Wireless Session ProtocolWireless Session Protocol
Micro-Browser withWireless Markup Language/WMLScript
Micro-Browser withWireless Markup Language/WMLScript
WAP Gateway
WTLS ServerWTLS Server
HTTP Connection I/F
HTTP Connection I/F
PushService
PushService
Short Message Center*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*進行中的項目
50
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
技術成就已完成一套完整的 Java Based WAP Protocol Stack及Micro-Browser
符合WAP 1.1規格之WAP Protocol Stack(含 Security module) 可處理WML/WMLC/WMLScript 目前進行 System Tuning
已完成WAP Gateway Prototype 可處理WAP 1.1規格之WAP Protocol Stack 可處理WTLS與 SSL轉換處理,順利連上現有 Internet上之Web Server
後續進行項目 Micro-Browser downsizing WAP Gateway與 Internet Payment Server之連結 WPKI Portal之設計 WAP Proxy Gateway Protocol設計
51
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
未來發展方向WAP與 Internet E-Commerce系統結合
提供Mobile Commerce之 Technical Solution 彰顯WAP Gateway的獨特性
• Security Module
• Payment Gateway Solution
• WPKI Portal
Mobile Internet Integration Environment 配合Multimedia與Mobile Computing技術的發展,進行技術研發與應用
WAP Gateway之功能可結合 Data Mining及 Software Agent技術發展
52
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
WAP 與 Internet E-Commerce結合
收單銀行
Internet
Web user
SSL
Merchant Server
Database
SHTTP Server
收單銀行
Internet Payment Gateway
SSLISO8583 Interface
WMHS/VASMD System Interface
Web-Browser(merchant)
InternetSSL
E-Mail reader(merchant)
S-MIME
e-Shop Builder
WAP Gateway
Payment gateway
WAP user
SSL
X.25
Mall Admin
WMHS VASMD
Billing System
SmA/Si
Dat
aba
se
Internet WEB Server
cWAP WEB Server
Payment Gateway
IVR Interface
IVR Center
SS
LP
O
SSe
rv
er
Server API
Web Server
53
Industrial Technology Research InstituteComputer & Communication Research Laboratories
工業技術研究院電腦與通訊工業研究所
Mobile Internet Technology
DVC
Note PC
WPAN
Digital Cellular NetworkGSM / GPRS / 3G Monitor Camera
VideoServer
TV
Security
AV ProductsComm. Terminals
Peripherals
AV Terminals
Audio
DSC
Data Terminal
Card Display
WAPenabled
DSC: Digital Still CameraDVC: Digital Video CameraWPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network (IEEE802.15)WAP: Wireless Application Protocol
Handset (Repeater)
PCDB
Mobile ISP/Agent(WAP Gateway Server)
- Text, Voice & Image- Personal Data
Multimedia Mail, PIM
- Web Browsing- Bulletin Board- Network Game- Ticket Reservation- E-commerce
Multimedia ContentsHome
Communicator
TV Door Phone
Intranet
LAN
Office
Router
Data & Image over LAN
Fixed NetworkPSTN / ISDN / FTTH
Internet(Web, Mail)
HomeMobile
Switcher
Security Cameras