indicators of school crimecity schools were attacked by students, compared with 3 percent of...
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Indicators ofSchool Crimeand Safety: 2006U.S. Department of Education
NCES 2007-003
U.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice ProgramsNCJ 214262
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
U.S. Department of JusticeOffi ce of Justice Programs
NCJ 214262
Indicators ofSchool Crime and Safety: 2006
December 2006
Rachel DinkesEducation Statistics Services Institute—American Institutes for Research
Emily Forrest CataldiMPR Associates, Inc.
Grace KenaEducation Statistics Services Institute—American Institutes for Research
Katrina BaumBureau of Justice Statistics
Thomas D. SnyderProject Offi cerNational Center for Education Statistics
U.S. Department of EducationNCES 2007-003
U.S. Department of Education U.S. Department of JusticeMargaret Spellings Alberto GonzalesSecretary Attorney General
Institute of Education Sciences Offi ce of Justice ProgramsGrover J. Whitehurst Regina B. Schofi eldDirector Assistant Attorney General
National Center for Education Statistics Bureau of Justice StatisticsMark Schneider Jeffrey L. SedgwickCommissioner Director
The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfi lls a congressional man-date to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and signifi cance of such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review and report on education activities in other countries.
The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, publishing, and disseminating statistical information about crime, its perpetrators and victims, and the operation of the justice system at all levels of government. These data are critical to federal, state, and local policymakers in combating crime and ensuring that justice is both effi cient and evenhanded.
December 2006
Suggested Citation
Dinkes, R., Cataldi, E.F., Kena, G., and Baum, K. (2006). Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2006 (NCES 2007–003/NCJ 214262). U.S. Departments of Education and Justice. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Print-ing Offi ce.
This publication can be downloaded from the World Wide Web at http://nces.ed.gov or http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs. Single hard copies can be ordered through ED Pubs at 1–877–4ED–PUBS (NCES 2007–003) (TTY/TDD 1–877–576–7734), and the Bureau of Justice Statistics Clearinghouse at 1–800–851–3420 (NCJ 214262).
Contact at NCES:Thomas D. Snyder(202) 502–7452E-mail: [email protected]
Contact at BJS:Katrina Baum(202) 307–5889E-mail: [email protected]
Our nation’s schools should be safe havens for teaching and learning, free of crime and violence. Any instance of crime or violence at school not only affects the individuals involved but also may disrupt the educational process and affect bystanders, the school itself, and the surrounding community (Henry 2000).
For parents, school staff, and policymakers to address school crime effectively, they must possess an accurate understanding of the extent and nature of the problem. How-ever, without collecting data, it is diffi cult to adequately gauge the scope of crime and violence in schools given the large amount of attention devoted to isolated incidents of extreme school violence. Ensuring safer schools requires establishing good indicators of the current state of school crime and safety across the nation and periodically monitoring and updating these indicators. This is the aim of Indicators of School Crime and Safety.
This report is the ninth in a series of annual publications produced jointly by the Na-tional Center for Education Statistics (NCES), Institute of Education Sciences (IES), in the U.S. Department of Education and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) in the U.S. De-partment of Justice. This report presents the most recent data available on school crime and student safety. The indicators in this report are based on information drawn from a variety of independent data sources, including national surveys of students, teachers, and principals, and data collections from federal departments and agencies, including BJS, NCES, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The most recent data collection for each indicator varied by survey, from 2003–04 to 2005. Each data source has an independent sample design, data col-lection method, and questionnaire design or is the result of a universe data collection. All comparisons described in this report are statistically signifi cant at the .05 level. In 2005, the unit response rate for the School Crime Supplement did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the 2005 data from Indicators 3, 8, 10, 11, 16, 17, and 20 with caution. Additional information about methodology and the datasets analyzed in this report may be found in appendix A.
This report covers topics such as victimization, fi ghts, bullying, disorder, weapons, stu-dent perceptions of school safety, teacher injury, and drugs and alcohol. Indicators of crime and safety are compared across different population subgroups and over time. Data on crimes that occur outside of school grounds are offered as a point of compari-son where available.
KEY FINDINGS
In the 2004–05 school year, an estimated 54.9 million students were enrolled in prekindergarten through grade 12 (U.S. Department of Education forthcoming). Pre-liminary data on fatal victimizations show youth ages 5–18 were victims of 28 school-associated violent deaths from July 1, 2004, through June 30, 2005 (21 homicides
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
iv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
and 7 suicides) (Indicator 1). In 2004, students ages 12–18 were victims of about 1.4 million nonfatal crimes at school, including about 863,000 thefts5 and 583,000 vio-lent crimes6 (simple assault and serious violent crime)—107,000 of which were seri-ous violent crimes (rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault) (Indicator 2). These fi gures represent victimization rates of 33 thefts and 22 violent crimes, including 4 serious violent crimes, per 1,000 students at school in 2004. Some of these indica-tors document that student safety has improved. The victimization rate1 of students ages 12–18 at school2 declined from 73 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 55 victimizations in 2004.3 However, other aspects of crime have not improved. The number of homicides of school-age youth ages 5–18 at school was higher in 2004–05 than in 2000–01 (21 vs. 11 homicides), but remained below the number of homicides of school-age youth for most years in the 1990’s.4 Violence, theft, drugs, and weapons continue to pose problems in schools. In 2005, 25 percent of students in grades 9–12 reported that drugs were made available to them on school property and 8 percent of students were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property in the previous 12 months. The following section presents key fi ndings of the report.
Violent Deaths
• From July 1, 2004, through June 30, 2005, there were 21 homicides and 7 suicides of
school-age youth (ages 5–18) at school (Indicator 1). Combined, this number translates
into about 1 homicide or suicide of a school-age youth at school per 2 million students
enrolled during the 2004–05 school year.
Nonfatal Student Victimization
• In 2004, students ages 12–18 were victims of about 1.4 million nonfatal crimes at
school, including about 863,000 thefts and 583,000 violent crimes—107,000 of which
were serious violent crimes (rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault) (Indi-
cator 2).
• In 2004, students ages 12–18 were more likely to be victims of theft at school than
away from school (Indicator 2). That year, 33 thefts per 1,000 students occurred at
school and 27 thefts occurred away from school (Indicator 2).
• Total crime and theft victimization rates for students both at school and away from
school were lower in 2004 than 2003 (Indicator 2). In 2003, there were 73 victimiza-
tions per 1,000 students at school, compared with 55 victimizations in 2004. Theft vic-
timization at school declined from 45 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 33
victimizations of students in 2004.
1 The victimization rate is based on the number of thefts, violent crimes, or serious crimes per 1,000 students.2 See appendix B for a detailed defi nition of “at school.”3 Data in this report are not adjusted by the number of hours that youths spend on school property versus the number of hours they spend elsewhere.4 Data from 1999–2005 are preliminary and subject to change.5 Theft includes purse snatching, pick pocketing, all burglaries, attempted forcible entry, and all attempted and com-pleted thefts except motor vehicle thefts. Theft does not include robbery in which threat or use of force is involved.6 Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault.
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
• Away from school, total crime and violent crime victimization rates for students also
decreased between 2003 and 2004 (Indicator 2). In 2003, there were 60 victimiza-
tions per 1,000 students away from school, compared with 48 victimizations in 2004.
Violent victimization declined from 32 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 21
victimizations in 2004.
• In 2005, 4 percent of students ages 12–18 reported being victimized at school during
the previous 6 months: 3 percent reported theft, and 1 percent reported violent vic-
timization (Indicator 3). Less than half of a percent of students reported serious violent
victimization.
• Between 2003 and 2005, the percentage of students reporting victimization declined
(from 5 to 4 percent), as did the percentage reporting theft (from 4 to 3 percent); there
were no measurable declines in the percentages reporting violent and serious violent
crime during the same period (Indicator 3).
• In 2005, 10 percent of male students in grades 9–12 reported being threatened or in-
jured with a weapon on school property in the past year, compared with 6 percent of
female students (Indicator 4).
• Hispanic students were more likely than White students to report being threatened or
injured with a weapon on school property in 2005 (10 vs. 7 percent) (Indicator 4).
Threats and Attacks on Teachers
• In 2003–04, teachers’ reports of being threatened or attacked by students during the
previous 12 months varied according to their school level (Indicator 5). Secondary
school teachers were more likely than elementary school teachers to have been threat-
ened with injury by a student (8 vs. 6 percent). However, elementary school teachers
were more likely than secondary teachers to report having been physically attacked (4
vs. 2 percent).
• Ten percent of teachers in central city schools reported in 2003–04 that they were
threatened with injury by students, compared with 6 percent of teachers in urban fringe
schools and 5 percent in rural schools (Indicator 5). Five percent of teachers in central
city schools were attacked by students, compared with 3 percent of teachers in urban
fringe and 2 percent in rural schools.
• Public school teachers were more likely than private school teachers to have been
threatened (7 vs. 2 percent) or physically attacked (4 vs. 2 percent) by students in
school (Indicator 5). Among teachers in central city schools, those in public schools
were at least fi ve times more likely to be threatened with injury than their colleagues in
private schools (12 vs. 2 percent) and at least four times more likely to be physically at-
tacked (5 vs. 1 percent).
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School Environment
• The percentage of public schools experiencing one or more violent incidents increased
between the 1999–2000 and 2003–04 school years, from 71 to 81 percent (Indicator
6). Both primary schools and high schools had lower rates of violent crimes per 1,000
students than middle schools. In 2003–04, there were 28 violent crimes per 1,000 stu-
dents in both primary schools and high schools, compared with 53 violent crimes in
middle schools.
• In 2003–04, 2 percent of public schools reported daily or weekly occurrences of ra-
cial tensions among students and 27 percent reported daily or weekly student bullying
(Indicator 7). With regard to other frequently occurring discipline problems in public
schools (those occurring at least once a week), 11 percent of principals reported stu-
dent verbal abuse of teachers, 3 percent reported widespread disorder in classrooms,
and 19 percent reported student acts of disrespect for teachers. About 17 percent of
public schools reported undesirable gang activities and 3 percent reported undesirable
cult or extremist activities.
• The prevalence of frequently occurring discipline problems was related to school en-
rollment size in the 2003–04 school year (Indicator 7). In general, principals in large
schools were more likely to report discipline problems than principals in small schools.
Thirty-four percent of principals at schools with 1,000 or more students reported stu-
dent acts of disrespect for teachers at least once per week, compared with 21 percent
of those at schools with 500–999 students, 17 percent of those at schools with 300–499
students, and 14 percent of those at schools with less than 300 students.
• In 2005, 24 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that there were gangs at their
schools (Indicator 8). Students in urban schools (36 percent) were more likely to report
the presence of gangs at their school than suburban students (21 percent) and rural stu-
dents (16 percent).
• The percentage of students reporting the presence of gangs increased from 21 to 24
percent between 2003 and 2005 (Indicator 8). The percentage of students at urban
schools reporting the presence of gangs at school increased from 31 to 36 percent dur-
ing this period.
• In 2005, one-quarter of all students in grades 9–12 reported that someone had offered,
sold, or given them an illegal drug on school property in the past 12 months (Indicator
9).
• Eleven percent of students ages 12–18 reported that someone at school had used hate-
related words against them, and more than one-third (38 percent) had seen hate-related
graffi ti at school in 2005 (Indicator 10).
• In 2005, 28 percent of students ages 12–18 reported having been bullied at school dur-
ing the last 6 months (Indicator 11). Of these students, 58 percent said that the bullying
had happened once or twice during that period, 25 percent had experienced bullying
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
once or twice a month, 11 percent reported having been bullied once or twice a week,
and 8 percent said they had been bullied almost daily.
• Of those students who reported bullying incidents that involved being pushed, shoved,
tripped, or spit on (9 percent), 24 percent reported that they had sustained an injury7
during the previous 6 months as a result (Indicator 11). While no measurable differ-
ences were found by sex in students’ likelihood of reporting a bullying incident in 2005,
among students who reported being bullied, males were more likely than females to
report being injured during such an incident (31 vs. 18 percent).
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances
• In 2005, 36 percent of students in grades 9–12 reported they had been in a fi ght any-
where, and 14 percent said they had been in a fi ght on school property during the previ-
ous 12 months (Indicator 12). In the same year, 43 percent of males said they had been
in a fi ght anywhere, compared with 28 percent of females, and 18 percent of males said
they had been in a fi ght on school property, compared with 9 percent of females.
• Nineteen percent of students in grades 9–12 in 2005 reported they had carried a
weapon anywhere, and about 6 percent reported they had carried a weapon on school
property during the previous 30 days (Indicator 13). Males were two times more likely
than females to carry a weapon—either anywhere or on school property—in all survey
years (1993–2005). In 2005, for example, 10 percent of males carried a weapon on
school property, compared with 3 percent of females, and 30 percent of males carried
a weapon anywhere, compared with 7 percent of females.
• In 2005, 43 percent of students in grades 9–12 consumed at least one drink of alcohol
anywhere, and 4 percent consumed at least one drink on school property during the
previous 30 days (Indicator 14). Hispanic students (8 percent) were more likely to use
alcohol on school property than White, Black, or Asian students (4, 3, and 1 percent,
respectively).
• Twenty percent of students in grades 9–12 in 2005 reported using marijuana anywhere
during the past 30 days, and 5 percent reported using marijuana on school property
during this period (Indicator 15). At school, Hispanic students (8 percent) and American
Indian students (9 percent) were more likely to report using marijuana than White or
Black students (4 and 5 percent, respectively).
Fear and Avoidance
• In 2005, approximately 6 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that they were afraid of
attack or harm at school, and 5 percent reported that they were afraid of attack or harm
away from school (Indicator 16). The percentage of students who reported that they were
afraid of being attacked at school (including on the way to and from school) decreased
7Injury includes bruises or swelling; cuts, scratches, or scrapes; black eye or bloody nose; teeth chipped or knocked out; broken bones or internal injuries; knocked unconscious; or other injuries.
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from 12 to 6 percent between 1995 and 2001; however, no difference was detected in the
percentage of students who feared an attack away from school between 1999 and 2005.
• Black and Hispanic students were more likely than White students to fear for their safe-
ty regardless of location in 2005 (Indicator 16). Nine percent of Black students and 10
percent of Hispanic students reported that they were afraid of being attacked at school
(including on the way to and from school), compared with 4 percent of White students.
Away from school, 7 percent of Black students, 6 percent of Hispanic students, and 4
percent of White students reported that they were afraid of an attack.
• In 2005, 6 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that they had avoided a school
activity or one or more places in school in the previous 6 months because of fear of
attack or harm: 2 percent of students avoided a school activity, and 4 percent avoided
one or more places in school (Indicator 17). Consistent with most previous years, stu-
dents in urban areas in 2005 were the most likely to avoid places in school: 6 percent
of urban students reported that they had done so, compared with 4 percent of suburban
and rural students.
Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures
• About 46 percent of public schools took at least one serious disciplinary action against
students—including suspensions lasting 5 days or more, removals with no services
(i.e., expulsions), and transfers to specialized schools—for specifi c offenses during the
2003–04 school year (Indicator 18). Of those serious disciplinary actions, 74 percent
were suspensions for 5 days or more, 5 percent were removals with no services, and 21
percent were transfers to specialized schools.
• Four percent of all public schools took one or more serious disciplinary actions in
response to students’ use or possession of a fi rearm or explosive device in 2003–04
(Indicator 18). Students’ use or possession of weapons other than fi rearms resulted in at
least one serious disciplinary action in 17 percent of schools.
• In 2003–04, 83 percent of public schools controlled access to school buildings by
locking or monitoring doors during school hours, and 36 percent controlled access to
school grounds with locked or monitored gates (Indicator 19). Nearly all public schools
required visitors to sign or check in when entering the school building (98 percent),
while few schools required either students or visitors to pass through metal detectors
regularly (1 percent each).
• The vast majority of students ages 12–18 reported that their school had a student code
of conduct (95 percent) and a requirement that visitors sign in (93 percent) in 2005 (In-
dicator 20). Metal detectors were the least observed security measure, with 11 percent
of students reporting their use at their school.
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
FOREWORD
Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2006 provides the most recent national indica-tors on school crime and safety. Some of these indicators document that student safety has improved. For example, the victimization rate of students ages 12–18 at school de-clined from 73 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 55 per 1,000 students vic-timizations in 2004. However, other aspects of crime have not improved. For example, the number of homicides of school-age youth ages 5–18 was higher in 2004–05 than 2000–01 (21 vs. 11 homicides), but the number remained below most years during the 1990’s. In 2004, students ages 12–18 were victims of about 583,000 violent crimes and 863,000 crimes of theft at school. In 2005, 25 percent of students in grades 9–12 reported that drugs were made available to them on school property and 8 percent of students were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property in the previous 12 months.
The information presented in this report is intended to serve as a reference for poli-cymakers and practitioners so that they can develop effective programs and policies aimed at violence and school crime prevention. Accurate information about the nature, extent, and scope of the problem being addressed is essential for developing effective programs and policies.
This is the ninth edition of Indicators of School Crime and Safety, a joint publication of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). This report provides detailed statistics to inform the nation about current as-pects of crime and safety in schools.
The 2006 edition of Indicators includes the most recent available data, compiled from a number of statistical data sources supported by the federal government. Such sources include results from a study of violent deaths in schools, sponsored by the U.S. Depart-ment of Education and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; the National Crime Victimization Survey and School Crime Supplement to the survey, sponsored by the BJS and NCES, respectively; the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and the Schools and Staffi ng Survey and School Survey on Crime and Safety, both sponsored by NCES.
The entire report is available on the Internet. The Bureau of Justice Statistics and the National Center for Education Statistics continue to work together in order to provide timely and complete data on the issues of school-related violence and safety.
Mark Schneider Jeffrey L. Sedgwick
Commissioner Director
National Center for Education Statistics Bureau of Justice Statistics
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are grateful to the heads of the sponsoring agencies, Mark Schneider of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and Jeffrey L. Sedgwick of the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), for supporting this report.
From NCES, we wish to thank Kathryn Chandler, Val Plisko, Marilyn Seastrom, and Bruce Taylor, who served as reviewers. They all provided input that substantially im-proved the publication. From BJS, we wish to thank Patsy Klaus and Erika Harrell of the Victimization Statistics Unit for their work in verifying data from the National Crime Victimization Survey. Outside of NCES and BJS, Nancy Brener, Mark Anderson, and Thomas Simon of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention generously provided data and performed a review of data documentation. We also value the review of this report and the continued support provided by Bill Modzeleski and Maria Worthen of the Offi ce of Safe and Drug-Free Schools. Lisa Bridges of the Institute of Education Sci-ences provided helpful input on the fi nal draft.
Without the assistance of the following staff, this report could not have been produced: Andrea Livingston, Barbara Kridl, Natesh Daniel, Patricia Gildersleeve, and Alicia Broadway of MPR Associates and Wendy Lin-Kelly from BJS.
Much of the work for this report was performed by staff at the Education Statistics Ser-vices Institute (ESSI), which is funded by NCES and composed of staff from the Ameri-can Institutes for Research (AIR) and a number of partner organizations. The authors would like to acknowledge the following individuals from ESSI for their assistance with analysis, editorial comments, and guidance: Mary Ann Fox, Paul Guerino, Lynn Bauer, Stacey Bielick, Kristin Flanagan, and Sandy Eyster of AIR; and Kevin Bianco of Macro-Sys Research and Technology.
CONTENTS
PageExecutive Summary ........................................................................................................ iiiForeword ........................................................................................................................ ixAcknowledgments .......................................................................................................... xList of Tables ................................................................................................................... xiiList of Figures ................................................................................................................. xix
Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
Violent Deaths ............................................................................................................... 5 1. Violent Deaths at School and Away From School .................................................... 6
Nonfatal Student Victimization ....................................................................................... 9 2. Incidence of Victimization at School and Away From School .................................. 10 3. Prevalence of Victimization at School ..................................................................... 14 4. Threats and Injuries With Weapons on School Property .......................................... 16
Threats and Attacks on Teachers ..................................................................................... 19 5. Teachers Threatened With Injury or Attacked by Students ....................................... 20
School Environment ....................................................................................................... 23 6. Violent and Other Incidents at Public Schools and Those Reported to the Police .... 24 7. Discipline Problems Reported by Public Schools .................................................... 28 8. Students’ Reports of Gangs at School ...................................................................... 30 9. Students’ Reports of Drug Availability on School Property ...................................... 32 10. Students’ Reports of Being Called Hate-Related Words and Seeing Hate-Related
Graffi ti .................................................................................................................... 34 11. Bullying at School ................................................................................................... 36
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances ......................................................................... 39 12. Physical Fights on School Property and Anywhere .................................................. 40 13. Students Carrying Weapons on School Property and Anywhere .............................. 42 14. Students’ Use of Alcohol on School Property and Anywhere ................................... 44 15. Students’ Use of Marijuana on School Property and Anywhere ............................... 46
Fear and Avoidance ........................................................................................................ 49 16. Students’ Perceptions of Personal Safety at School and Away From School ............. 50 17. Students’ Reports of Avoiding School Activities or Specifi c Places in School ........... 52
Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures ....................................................................... 55 18. Serious Disciplinary Actions Taken by Public Schools ............................................. 56 19. Safety and Security Measures Taken by Public Schools ........................................... 58 20. Students’ Reports of Safety and Security Measures Observed at School ................... 60
References ...................................................................................................................... 63Supplemental Tables ....................................................................................................... 67Standard Error Tables ...................................................................................................... 115Appendix A. Technical Notes ......................................................................................... 159Appendix B. Glossary of Terms ....................................................................................... 187
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
xii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
Supplemental Tables
1.1. Number of school-associated violent deaths, homicides, and suicides of
youth ages 5–18, by location: 1992–2005 ....................................................... 68
1.2. Number of school-associated violent deaths of students, staff, and nonstudents,
by type: 1992–2005 ......................................................................................... 69
2.1. Number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 and
rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by location and year: 1992–2004 ............... 70
2.2. Number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18
at school and rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by selected student
characteristics: 2004 ........................................................................................ 71
2.3. Number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18
away from school and rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by selected student
characteristics: 2004 ........................................................................................ 72
3.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported criminal victimization at
school during the previous 6 months, by type of victimization and selected
student and school characteristics: Various years, 1995–2005 ......................... 73
4.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or
injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months,
by selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ....... 75
4.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or
injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months,
by state: 2003 and 2005 .................................................................................. 76
5.1. Percentage and number of public and private school teachers who reported
that they were threatened with injury by a student from school during the
previous 12 months, by urbanicity and selected teacher and school
characteristics: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ........................................ 77
5.2. Percentage and number of public and private school teachers who reported
that they were physically attacked by a student from school during the
previous 12 months, by urbanicity and selected teacher and school
characteristics: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ........................................ 79
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Table Page
5.3. Percentage and number of public school teachers who reported that they
were threatened with injury by a student from school during the previous 12
months, by state: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 .................................... 81
5.4. Percentage and number of public school teachers who reported that they
were physically attacked by a student from school during the previous 12
months, by state: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 .................................... 82
6.1. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime
that occurred at school, number of incidents, and the rate per 1,000 students,
by type of crime: 1999–2000 and 2003–04 ..................................................... 83
6.2. Percentage of public schools experiencing incidents of crime that occurred at
school, number of incidents, and the rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by
selected school characteristics: 2003–04 ......................................................... 85
6.3. Percentage of public schools reporting incidents of crime that occurred at
school to the police, number of incidents, and the rate of crimes per 1,000
students, by selected school characteristics: 2003–04 ...................................... 87
7.1. Percentage of public schools that reported selected discipline problems that
occurred at school, by frequency and school characteristics: 2003–04 ............ 89
8.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that gangs were present at
school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity and selected student and
school characteristics: 2001, 2003, and 2005 .................................................. 91
9.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made
available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by
selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ............ 92
9.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made
available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by state:
2003 and 2005 ................................................................................................ 93
10.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being targets of hate-related
words and seeing hate-related graffi ti at school during the previous 6 months,
by selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1999–2005 ....... 94
10.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being targets of hate-related
words at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school
characteristics: 2005 ........................................................................................ 95
11.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected bullying problems
at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school
characteristics: 2005 ........................................................................................ 96
xiv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Table Page
11.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being bullied at school
during the previous 6 months, by location of bullying, injury, and selected
student and school characteristics: 2005 .......................................................... 97
11.3. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected bullying problems
at school during the previous 6 months and percentage distribution of the
frequency of bullying reports, by selected student and school characteristics:
2005 ................................................................................................................ 98
12.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical
fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and selected student and
school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ............................................. 99
12.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical
fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and state: 2003 and 2005 .... 100
13.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at
least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and selected student and
school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ............................................. 101
13.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at
least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and state: 2003 and
2005 ................................................................................................................ 102
14.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the
previous 30 days, by location and selected student and school characteristics:
Various years, 1993–2005 ................................................................................ 103
14.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the
previous 30 days, by location and state: 2003 and 2005 ................................. 104
15.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during
the previous 30 days, by location and selected student and school
characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ........................................................ 105
15.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during
the previous 30 days, by location and state: 2003 and 2005 ........................... 106
16.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being afraid of attack or
harm during the previous 6 months, by location and selected student and
school characteristics: Various years, 1995–2005 ............................................. 107
17.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding school activities or
one or more places in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of
attack or harm: Various years, 1995–2005 ....................................................... 108
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Table Page
17.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding one or more places
in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of attack or harm, by
selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1995–2005 ............ 109
18.1. Number and percentage of public schools that took a serious disciplinary
action, number of serious actions taken, and percentage distribution of serious
actions, by type of action and type of offense: 2003–04 .................................. 110
19.1. Percentage of public schools that used selected safety and security measures,
by school characteristics: 2003–04 .................................................................. 111
20.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected security measures at
school: Various years, 1999–2005 .................................................................... 113
Standard Error Tables
S2.1. Standard errors for the number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against
students ages 12–18 and rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by location and
year: 1992–2004 .............................................................................................. 116
S2.2. Standard errors for the number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against
students ages 12–18 at school and rate of crimes per 1,000 students, by
selected student characteristics: 2004 ............................................................... 117
S2.3. Standard errors for the number of student-reported nonfatal crimes against
students ages 12–18 away from school and rate of crimes per 1,000 students,
by selected student and school characteristics: 2004 ....................................... 118
S3.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
criminal victimization at school during the previous 6 months, by type of
victimization and selected student and school characteristics: Various years,
1995–2005 ...................................................................................................... 119
S4.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property during the
previous 12 months, by selected student and school characteristics: Various
years, 1993–2005 ............................................................................................ 121
S4.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property during the
previous 12 months, by state: 2003 and 2005 ................................................. 122
S5.1. Standard errors for the percentage and number of public and private school
teachers who reported that they were threatened with injury by a student
from school during the previous 12 months, by urbanicity and selected
teacher and school characteristics: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ......... 123
xvi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Table Page
S5.2. Standard errors for the percentage and number of public and private school
teachers who reported that they were physically attacked by a student from
school during the previous 12 months, by urbanicity and selected teacher
and school characteristics: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ..................... 125
S5.3. Standard errors for the percentage and number of public school teachers who
reported that they were threatened with injury by a student from school during
the previous 12 months, by state: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ........... 127
S5.4. Standard errors for the percentage and number of public school teachers who
reported that they were physically attacked by a student from school during
the previous 12 months, by state: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 ........... 128
S6.1. Standard errors for the percentage of public schools experiencing and
reporting incidents of crime that occurred at school, number of incidents,
and the rate per 1,000 students, by type of crime: 1999–2000 and 2003–04 ... 129
S6.2. Standard errors for the percentage of public schools experiencing incidents of
crime that occurred at school, number of incidents, and the rate of crimes per
1,000 students, by selected school characteristics: 2003–04 ............................ 130
S6.3. Standard errors for the percentage of public schools reporting incidents of
crime that occurred at school to the police, number of incidents, and the rate
of crimes per 1,000 students, by selected school characteristics: 2003–04 ...... 132
S7.1. Standard errors for the percentage of public schools that reported selected
discipline problems that occurred at school, by frequency and school
characteristics: 2003–04 .................................................................................. 134
S8.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that
gangs were present at school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity and
selected student and school characteristics: 2001, 2003, and 2005 ................. 136
S9.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
that drugs were made available to them on school property during the
previous 12 months, by selected student and school characteristics: Various
years, 1993–2005 ............................................................................................ 137
S9.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
that drugs were made available to them on school property during the
previous 12 months, by state: 2003 and 2005 ................................................. 138
S10.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being
targets of hate-related words and seeing hate-related graffi ti at school during
the previous 6 months, by selected student and school characteristics: Various
years, 1999–2005 ............................................................................................ 139
Table Page
S10.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being
targets of hate-related words at school during the previous 6 months, by
selected student and school characteristics: 2005 ............................................ 140
S11.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
selected bullying problems at school during the previous 6 months, by
selected student and school characteristics: 2005 ............................................ 141
S11.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being
bullied at school during the previous 6 months, by location of bullying, injury,
and selected student and school characteristics: 2005 ..................................... 142
S11.3. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
selected bullying problems at school during the previous 6 months and
percentage distribution of the frequency of bullying reports, by selected
student and school characteristics: 2005 ........................................................... 143
S12.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
having been in a physical fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location
and selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ..... 144
S12.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
having been in a physical fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location
and state: 2003 and 2005 ................................................................................ 145
S13.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
carrying a weapon at least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location
and selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ..... 146
S13.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
carrying a weapon at least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location
and state: 2003 and 2005 ................................................................................ 147
S14.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
using alcohol during the previous 30 days, by location and selected student
and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ...................................... 148
S14.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
using alcohol during the previous 30 days, by location and state: 2003 and
2005 ................................................................................................................ 149
S15.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
using marijuana during the previous 30 days, by location and selected
student and school characteristics: Various years, 1993–2005 ......................... 150
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
xviii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Table Page
S15.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported
using marijuana during the previous 30 days, by location and state: 2003 and
2005 ................................................................................................................ 151
S16.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being
afraid of attack or harm during the previous 6 months, by location and
selected student and school characteristics: Various years, 1995–2005 ............ 152
S17.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
avoiding school activities or one or more places in school during the previous
6 months because of fear of attack or harm: Various years, 1995–2005 ........... 153
S17.2. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
avoiding one or more places in school during the previous 6 months because
of fear of attack or harm, by selected student and school characteristics:
Various years, 1995–2005 ................................................................................ 154
S18.1. Standard errors for the number and percentage of public schools that took
a serious disciplinary action, number of serious actions taken, and
percentage distribution of serious actions, by type of action and type of
offense: 2003–04 .............................................................................................. 155
S19.1. Standard errors for the percentage of public schools that used selected safety
and security measures, by school characteristics: 2003–04 .............................. 156
S20.1. Standard errors for the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported
selected security measures at school: Various years, 1999–2005 ..................... 158
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure PageNumb
A. Nationally representative sample surveys used in this report ............................. 3
1.1. Number of homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18, by location:
2003–04 .......................................................................................................... 7
1.2. Number of homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18 at school:
1992–2005 ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 per
1,000 students, by type of crime and location: 1992–2004 .............................. 11
2.2. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 at school
per 1,000 students, by type of crime and selected student characteristics:
2004 ................................................................................................................. 12
2.3. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 away
from school per 1,000 students, by type of crime and selected student
characteristics: 2004 ......................................................................................... 13
3.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported criminal victimization at
school during the previous 6 months, by type of victimization: Various years,
1995–2005 ....................................................................................................... 15
4.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or
injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months,
by sex: Various years, 1993–2005 ..................................................................... 17
4.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or
injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months, by
grade: 2005....................................................................................................... 17
5.1. Percentage of public and private school teachers who reported that they were
threatened with injury or that they were physically attacked by a student from
school during the previous 12 months: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04.... 21
5.2. Percentage of public and private school teachers who reported that they were
threatened with injury or that they were physically attacked by a student from
school during the previous 12 months, by urbanicity and school sector:
2003–04 ........................................................................................................... 21
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
xx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figure Page
6.1. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime
that occurred at school and the rate per 1,000 students, by type of crime:
2003–04 ........................................................................................................... 25
6.2. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime
that occurred at school, by type of crime and school level: 2003–04 ............... 26
6.3. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime
that occurred at school, by type of crime and urbanicity: 2003–04 .................. 27
7.1. Percentage of public schools reporting selected discipline problems that
occurred at school, by school level: 2003–04 ................................................... 29
8.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that gangs were present at
school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity: Various years,
2001–2005 ....................................................................................................... 31
8.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that gangs were present at
school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity and race/ethnicity: 2005 ... 31
9.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made
available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by sex:
Various years, 1993–2005 ................................................................................. 33
9.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made
available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by race/
ethnicity: 2005 .................................................................................................. 33
10.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being targets of hate-related
words and seeing hate-related graffi ti at school during the previous 6 months,
by selected student and school characteristics: 2005 ........................................ 35
11.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected bullying problems at
school during the previous 6 months, by type of bullying: 2005 ....................... 37
11.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being bullied at school
during the previous 6 months, by location of bullying and injury: 2005 ........... 37
12.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical
fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and sex: Various years,
1993–2005 ....................................................................................................... 41
12.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical
fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and grade: 2005 ................... 41
Figure Page
13.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at least
1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years,
1993–2005 ....................................................................................................... 43
13.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at least
1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and race/ethnicity: 2005 .......... 43
14.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the
previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005 .................... 45
14.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the
previous 30 days, by location and grade: 2005 ................................................. 45
15.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during
the previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005 .............. 47
15.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during
the previous 30 days, by location and grade: 2005 ........................................... 47
16.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being afraid of attack or harm
during the previous 6 months, by location: Various years, 1995–2005 .............. 51
16.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being afraid of attack or harm
during the previous 6 months, by location and race/ethnicity: 2005 ................. 51
17.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding school activities or
one or more places in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of
attack or harm: Various years, 1995–2005 ........................................................ 53
17.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding one or more places
in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of attack or harm, by
selected student and school characteristics: 2005 ............................................. 53
18.1. Percentage distribution of serious disciplinary actions taken by public schools
for specifi c offenses, by type of action: 2003–04 .............................................. 57
18.2. Percentage of public schools that took a serious disciplinary action for specifi c
offenses, by type of offense: 2003–04 ............................................................... 57
19.1. Percentage of public schools that used selected safety and security measures,
by school level: 2003–04 .................................................................................. 59
20.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected security measures at
school: Various years, 1999–2005 ..................................................................... 61
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
xxii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figure Page
Appendixes
A.1. Descriptions of data sources and samples used in the report ............................ 175
A.2. Wording of survey questions used to construct indicators ................................ 177
A.3. Methods used to calculate standard errors of statistics for different surveys ...... 185
Our nation’s schools should be a safe haven for teaching and learning free of crime and violence. Even though students are less likely to be victims of a violent crime at school1 than away from school (Indicators 1 and 2), any instance of crime or violence at school not only affects the individuals involved but also may disrupt the educational process and affect bystanders, the school itself, and the surrounding community (Henry 2000). For both students and teachers, victimization at school can have lasting effects. In addition to experiencing loneliness, depression, and adjustment diffi culties (Crick and Bigbee 1998; Crick and Grotpeter 1996; Nansel et al. 2001; Prinstein, Boergers, and Vernberg 2001; Storch et al. 2003), victimized children are more prone to truancy (Ringwalt, Ennett, and Johnson 2003), poor academic performance (Wei and Williams 2004), dropping out of school (Beauvais et al. 1996), and violent behaviors (Nansel et al. 2003). For teachers, incidents of victimization may lead to professional disenchant-ment and even departure from the profession altogether (Karcher 2002).
For parents, school staff, and policymakers to effectively address school crime, they need an accurate understanding of the extent, nature, and context of the problem. However, it is diffi cult to gauge the scope of crime and violence in schools given the large amount of attention devoted to isolated incidents of extreme school violence. Measuring progress toward safer schools requires establishing good indicators of the current state of school crime and safety across the nation and periodically monitoring and updating these indicators; this is the aim of Indicators of School Crime and Safety.
PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT
Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2006 is the ninth in a series of reports produced by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and the Bureau of Justice Statis-tics (BJS) since 1998 that present the most recent data available on school crime and student safety. The report is not intended to be an exhaustive compilation of school crime and safety information, nor does it attempt to explore reasons for crime and vio-lence in schools. Rather, it is designed to provide a brief summary of information from an array of data sources and to make data on national school crime and safety acces-sible to policymakers, educators, parents, and the general public.
Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2006 is organized into sections that delineate specifi c concerns to readers, starting with a description of the most serious violent crimes. The sections cover Violent Deaths at School; Nonfatal Student Victimization; Threats and Attacks on Teachers; School Environment; Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances; Fear and Avoidance; and Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures. Each section contains a set of indicators that, taken together, aim to describe a distinct as-pect of school crime and safety. Where available, data on crimes that occur outside of
INTRODUCTION
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 See appendix B for a detailed defi nition of “at school.”
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
school grounds are offered as a point of comparison.2 Supplemental tables for each indicator provide more detailed breakouts and standard errors for estimates. A glossary of terms and references section appear at the end of the report.
This year’s report contains updates for all indicators and the expansion of two exist-ing indicators, Indicator 5 on threats to and injuries of teachers and Indicator 11 on bullying. In response to requests for state-level information, tables showing available state-level estimates have been added to Indicator 5. These estimates have been added for the past three survey years. Indicator 11 looks at seven types of bullying, where re-ported incidents of bullying took place in school, whether any injuries were sustained as a result of being bullied, and the frequency of bullying incidents among students who were bullied.
The indicator related to nonfatal teacher victimization at school has been discontinued. Because of sample cuts to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and declin-ing victimization rates, the survey’s capacity to provide useful estimates of teacher vic-timization has diminished, especially for disaggregated subcategories of teacher char-acteristics. The indicator has been determined to no longer be an adequate measure of teacher victimization.
Also found in this year’s report are references to recent publications relevant to each indicator that the reader may want to consult for additional information or analyses. These references can be found in the “For more information” sidebars at the bottom of each indicator.
DATA
The indicators in this report are based on information drawn from a variety of indepen-dent data sources, including national surveys of students, teachers, and principals and universe data collections from federal departments and agencies, including BJS, NCES, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Centers for Disease Control and Preven-tion. Each data source has an independent sample design, data collection method, and questionnaire design or is the result of a universe data collection.
The combination of multiple, independent sources of data provides a broad perspective on school crime and safety that could not be achieved through any single source of information. However, readers should be cautious when comparing data from different sources. While every effort has been made to keep key defi nitions consistent across indicators, differences in sampling procedures, populations, time periods, and question phrasing can all affect the comparability of results. For example, both Indicators 19 and 20 report data on select security and safety measures used in schools. Indicator 19 uses data collected from a stratifi ed random sample of principals about safety and security practices used in their schools during the 2003–04 school year. Indicator 20, however,
2 Data in this report are not adjusted to refl ect the number of hours that youths spend on school property ver-sus the number of hours they spend elsewhere.
uses data collected from 12- through 18-year-olds in a rotated panel design of house-holds. These students were asked whether they observed selected safety and security measures in their school in 2005, but they may not have known if, in fact, the security measure was present. In addition, different indicators contain various approaches to the analysis of school crime data and, therefore, will show different perspectives on school crime. For example, both Indicators 2 and 3 report data on theft and violent crime at school based on the National Crime Victimization Survey and the School Crime Supplement to that survey, respectively. While Indicator 2 examines the number of incidents of crime, Indicator 3 examines the percentage or prevalence of students who reported victimization. Figure A provides a summary of some of the variations in the design and coverage of sample surveys used in this report.
Several indicators in this report are based on self-reported survey data. Readers should note that limitations inherent to self-reported data may affect estimates (Cantor and Lynch 2000). First, unless an interview is “bounded” or a reference period is estab-lished, estimates may include events that exceed the scope of the specifi ed reference period. This factor may artifi cially increase reports because respondents may recall events outside of the given reference period. Second, many of the surveys rely on the respondent to “self-determine” a condition. This factor allows the respondent to defi ne
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Figure A.—Nationally representative sample surveys used in this report
Reference Survey Sample Year of survey time period Indicators
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
Individuals age 12 or older living in households and group quarters
1992–2004 Annually
Incidents occuring during the calendar year1
2
School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey
Students ages 12–18 enrolled in public and private schools during the 6 months prior to the interview
1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005
Incidents during the previous 6 months
Not specified
3, 8, 10, 11, 16, and 17
20
School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)
Public primary, middle, and high school principals2
1999–2000 and 2003–04
1999–2000 and 2003–04 school year
6, 7, 18, and 19
Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS)
Public and private school K–12 teachers
1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04
Incidents during the previous 12 months
5
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)
Students enrolled in grades 9–12 in public and private schools at the time of the survey
1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005
Incidents during the previous 12 months
Incidents during the previous 30 days
4, 9, and 12
13, 14, and 15
1 Respondents in the NCVS are interviewed every 6 months and asked about incidents that occurred in the past 6 months.2 Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire.
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
a situation based upon his or her own interpretation of whether the incident was a crime or not. On the other hand, the same situation may not necessarily be interpreted in the same way by a bystander or the perceived offender. Third, victim surveys tend to emphasize crime events as incidents that take place at one point in time. However, vic-tims can often experience a state of victimization in which they are threatened or vic-timized regularly or repeatedly. Finally, respondents may recall an event inaccurately. For instance, people may forget the event entirely or recall the specifi cs of the episode incorrectly. These and other factors may affect the precision of the estimates based on these surveys.
Data trends are discussed in this report when possible. Where trends are not discussed, either the data are not available in earlier surveys or the wording of the survey ques-tion changed from year to year, eliminating the ability to discuss any trend. Where data from samples are reported, as is the case with most of the indicators in this report, the standard error is calculated for each estimate provided in order to determine the “margin of error” for these estimates. The standard errors of the estimates for different subpopulations in an indicator can vary considerably and should be taken into account when making comparisons. Some estimates and standard errors have been revised from those provided in earlier editions of Indicators of School Crime and Safety and other previously published reports. Throughout this report, in cases where the standard error was at least 30 percent of the associated estimate, the estimates were noted with a “!” symbol (interpret data with caution). In cases where the standard error was greater than 50 percent of the associated estimate, the estimate was suppressed. See appendix A for more information.
The comparisons in the text have been tested for statistical signifi cance to ensure that the differences are larger than might be expected due to sampling variation. Unless otherwise noted, all statements cited in the report are statistically signifi cant at the .05 level. Several test procedures were used, depending upon the type of data being ana-lyzed and the nature of the statement being tested. The primary test procedure used in this report was the Student’s t statistic, which tests the difference between two sample estimates. Linear trend tests were used when differences among percentages were ex-amined relative to ordered categories of a variable, rather than the differences between two discrete categories. This test allows one to examine whether, for example, the percentage of students who reported using drugs increased (or decreased) over time or whether the percentage of students who reported being physically attacked in school increased (or decreased) with age. When differences among percentages were exam-ined relative to a variable with ordered categories (such as grade), analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for a linear relationship between the two variables.
Appendix A of this report contains descriptions of all the datasets used in this report and a discussion of how standard errors were calculated for each estimate.
VIOLENT DEATHS
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
VIOLENT DEATHS AT SCHOOL AND AWAY FROM SCHOOL
The number of homicides of youth ages 5–18 at school was higher in 2004–05 than 2000–01 (21 vs. 11 homicides), but remained lower than most years during the 1990’s.
Indicator
1
Violent deaths at schools are rare but tragic events with far-reaching effects on the school
population and surrounding community (Small and Dressler-Tetrick 2001). From July 1,
2004, through June 30, 2005, there were 48 school-associated violent deaths in elementary
and secondary schools in the United States (tables 1.1 and 1.2). In this indicator, a school-
associated violent death is defi ned as “a homicide, suicide, legal intervention (involving a
law enforcement offi cer), or unintentional fi rearm-related death in which the fatal injury
occurred on the campus of a functioning elementary or secondary school in the United
States.” Victims of school-associated violent deaths include students, staff members, and
others who are not students. Deaths that occurred while the victim was on the way to or
from regular sessions at school, or while the victim was attending or traveling to or from an
offi cial school-sponsored event, were also considered school-associated violent deaths. To
enable comparisons of homicides and suicides at school and away from school, data were
drawn from a number of sources. Data for school-associated violent deaths from the 1999–
2000 through 2004–05 school years are preliminary.
From July 1, 2004, through June 30, 2005, there were 21 homicides and 7 suicides of school-
age youth (ages 5–18) at school (table 1.1).3 Combined, this number translates into about 1
homicide or suicide of a school-age youth at school per 2 million students enrolled during
the 2004–05 school year.4 The most recent data available for the total number of homicides of
school-age youth are from the 2003–04 school year (fi gure 1.1 and table 1.1), at which time
there were 1,437 homicides. In the 2003 calendar year, there were 1,285 suicides of school-age
youth.5 In each school year, youth were over 50 times more likely to be murdered and almost
150 times more likely to commit suicide when they were away from school than at school.
Between July 1, 1992, and June 30, 1999, no consistent pattern of increase or decrease was
observed in the number of homicides at school (fi gure 1.2 and table 1.1). During this pe-
riod, between 28 and 34 homicides of school-age youth occurred at school in each school
year. However, the number of homicides of school-age youth at school declined between
the 1998–99 and 1999–2000 school years from 33 to 13 homicides. Between the 2000–01
and 2004–05 school years, the number of homicides of school-age youth at school in-
creased from 11 to 21. While the absolute number of homicides of school-age youth at
school has varied, the percentage of youth homicides occurring at school remained at less
than 2 percent of the total number of youth homicides over all survey years. Between the
1992–93 and 2004–05 school years, from one to nine school-age youth committed suicide
at school each year, with no consistent pattern of increase or decrease.
3 Between July 1, 2004, and June 30, 2005, there were 48 student, staff, and nonstudent school-associated violent deaths, including 37 homicides, 9 suicides, and 2 legal interventions (table 1.2).4 The total projected number of students enrolled in prekindergarten through 12th grade during the 2004–05 school year was 54,593,000 (U.S. Department of Education 2006). 5 Data on suicides away from school are available only by calendar year, whereas data on suicides and homi-cides at school and homicides away from school are available by school year.
This indicator has been updated to include revisions
to previously published data
and new data for 2002 onward.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 1.1 & 1.2
Anderson et al. 2001
Figure 1.1. Number of homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18, by location: 2003–04
Violent Deaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 1.2. Number of homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18 at school: 1992–2005
1 Youth ages 5–18 from July 1, 2003, through June 30, 2004. Data are pre-liminary and subject to change.2 Youth ages 5–18 in the 2003 calendar year. Data are preliminary and sub-ject to change.3 This number approximates the number of suicides away from school. Use caution when interpreting this number due to timeline differences.NOTE: “At school” includes on school property, on the way to or from regu-lar sessions at school, and while attending or traveling to or from a school-sponsored event. Due to missing data for suicides for the 2004–05 school year, this fi gure contains data for the 2003–04 school year.
SOURCE: Data on homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18 at school and total school-associated violent deaths are from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2003–04 School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (SAVD), partially funded by the U.S. Department of Educa-tion, Offi ce of Safe and Drug-Free Schools, previously unpublished tabulation (May 2006); data on total suicides of youth ages 5–18 are from the CDC, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal (WISQARS™ Fatal) (2006), retrieved July 2006 from http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars; and data on total homicides of youth ages 5–18 for the 2003–04 school year are from the Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) collected by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and tabulated by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, preliminary data (July 2006).
1 Data are preliminary and subject to change.NOTE: Includes homicides and suicides of youth ages 5–18 at school from July 1, 1992, through June 30, 2005. “At school” includes on school prop-erty, on the way to or from regular sessions at school, and while attending or traveling to or from a school-sponsored event.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1992–2005 School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (SAVD), partially funded by the U.S. Department of Education, Offi ce of Safe and Drug-Free Schools, previously unpublished tabulation (May 2006).
Away from schoolAt school
SuicidesHomicides
1,4181
191
Total1,437
Total1,2852
1,2823
31
0
10
20
30
40
50Number
School year
Suicides at schoolHomicides at school
2004–0512002–0312000–0111998–991996–971994–95 2003–0412001–0211999–200011997–981995–961993–941992–93
69
37
48
46
1
6776
34
29 2832
28
34 33
1311
1618 19
21
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
NONFATAL STUDENT VICTIMIZATION
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
INCIDENCE OF VICTIMIZATION AT SCHOOL AND AWAY FROM SCHOOL
Between 1992 and 2004, the victimization rates for students ages 12–18 generally declined both at school and away from school.
Indicator
2
This indicatorhas been
up dat ed toin clude 2004
data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 2.1,2.2, & 2.3
Catalano 2006
6 “Students” refers to persons ages 12–18 who reported being in any elementary or secondary grade at the time of the survey. An uncertain percentage of these persons may not have attended school during the survey reference period. These data do not take into account the number of hours that students spend at school or away from school.7 Theft includes purse snatching, pick pocketing, all burglaries, attempted forcible entry, and all attempted and completed thefts except motor vehicle thefts. Theft does not include robbery in which threat or use of force is involved.8 Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault.9 Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault.
Theft and violence at school and while going to and from school can lead to a disruptive and threatening environment, physical injury, and emotional stress, and can be an obstacle to student achievement (Elliott, Hamburg, and Williams 1998). Data from the National Crime Victimization Survey show that students ages 12–18 were victims of about 1.4 million nonfatal crimes (theft plus violent crime) while they were at school and about 1.3 million crimes while they were away from school in 2004 (table 2.1).6 These fi gures represent victimization rates of 55 crimes per 1,000 students at school, and 48 crimes per 1,000 students away from school (fi gure 2.1).
Between 1992 and 2004, the victimization rates for students ages 12–18 generally declined both at school and away from school; this pattern held for the total crime rate as well as for thefts,7 violent crimes,8 and serious violent crimes9 (table 2.1). At school, total crime and theft victimization rates for students were lower in 2004 than in 2003. For example, the vic-timization rate of students ages 12–18 at school declined from 73 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 55 such victimizations in 2004. Theft victimization at school declined from 45 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 33 such victimizations of students in 2004. Away from school, total crime and violent crime victimization rates were lower in 2004 than in 2003. There were 48 victimizations per 1,000 students away from school in 2004, compared with 60 victimizations in 2003. Violent victimization away from school declined from 32 victimizations per 1,000 students in 2003 to 21 victimizations in 2004.
Students ages 12–18 were more likely to be victims of theft at school than away from school in most years between 1992 and 2004. In 2004, students were victims of 863,000 crimes of theft at school and 706,000 crimes of theft away from school. This translates into 33 thefts per 1,000 students at school, compared with 27 thefts per 1,000 students away from school. From 1992 to 1997, the victimization rates for violent crime were generally lower at school than away from school; however, there were no measurable differences in these rates in the years between 1998 and 2004, except in 2000, when victimization rates at school were lower. The rates for serious violent crime were lower at school than away from school in each survey year from 1992 to 2004. In 2004, students ages 12–18 were victims of 4 seri-ous violent crimes per 1,000 students at school compared with 9 serious violent crimes per 1,000 students away from school.
In 2004, the victimization rates for students ages 12–18 varied according to certain student characteristics. Older students (ages 15–18) were less likely than younger students (ages 12–14) to be victims of crime at school, but the reverse was true for the likelihood of crime away from school (fi gures 2.2 and 2.3 and tables 2.2 and 2.3). Females had a lower rate of violent victim-ization at school and a lower rate of serious violent victimization away from school than males, but no measurable gender differences were found in the rates of theft at and away from school.
1 Serious violent crimes are also included in violent crimes.NOTE: Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and ag-gravated assault. Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault. Total crimes include violent crimes and theft. “At school” includes inside the school building, on school property, or on the way to or from school. Population sizes for students ages 12–18 are 23,740,000 in 1992;
24,558,000 in 1993; 25,327,000 in 1994; 25,715,000 in 1995; 26,151,000 in 1996; 26,548,000 in 1997; 26,806,000 in 1998; 27,013,000 in 1999; 27,169,000 in 2000; 27,380,000 in 2001; 27,367,000 in 2002; 26,386,000 in 2003; and 26,372,000 in 2004. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 1992–2004.
Figure 2.1. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 per 1,000 students, by type of crime and location: 1992–2004
Nonfatal Student Victimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Total Thefts
Violent crimes Serious violent crimes1
Away from schoolAt school
Year
Rate per 1,000
0201 03 040099979593 98969492 0201 03 040099979593 98969492
0201 03 040099979593 98969492 0201 03 040099979593 98969492
Year
Rate per 1,000
Year
Rate per 1,000
Year
Rate per 1,000
0
50
100
150
200
0
50
100
150
200
0
50
100
150
200
0
50
100
150
200
12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figure 2.2. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 at school per 1,000 students, by type of crime and selected student characteristics: 2004
! Interpret data with caution. ‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Serious violent crimes are also included in violent crimes.NOTE: Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and ag-gravated assault. Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault. Total crimes include violent crimes and theft. “At school” includes
inside the school building, on school property, or on the way to orfrom school. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 26,372,000 in 2004. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 2004.
FemaleMale
Type of crimeSerious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Sex
0
50
100
150
200
Rate per 1,000
52
174 4
3531 27
57
15–18 years12–14 years
Serious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Age
Type of crime
0
Rate per 1,000
50
100
150
200
6446
155 3!
31 3034
0
50
100
150
200
Suburban RuralUrban
Serious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Urbanicity
Type of crime
Rate per 1,000
51 57
3317
276! 4 ‡
33 30 28
62
Figure 2.3. Rate of student-reported nonfatal crimes against students ages 12–18 away from school per 1,000 students, by type of crime and selected student characteristics: 2004
! Interpret data with caution. 1 Serious violent crimes are also included in violent crimes.NOTE: Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and ag-gravated assault. Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault. Total crimes include violent crimes and theft. “At school” includes
inside the school building, on school property, or on the way to orfrom school. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 26,372,000 in 2004. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 2004.
Nonfatal Student Victimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
15–18 years12–14 years
Serious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Age
Type of crime
0
Rate per 1,000
50
100
150
200
61
18 167 10
34 3526
0
50
100
150
200
Suburban RuralUrban
Serious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Urbanicity
Type of crime
Rate per 1,000
49 4360
2540
18 20 13 6 9!2822
FemaleMale
Type of crimeSerious violent1ViolentTheftTotal
Sex
0
50
100
150
200
Rate per 1,000
61118242543
52
28
14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
PREVALENCE OF VICTIMIZATION AT SCHOOL
In 2005, some 4 percent of students ages 12–18 reported being victimized at school during the previous 6 months. About 3 percent reported theft, 1 percent reported violent victimization, and less than half of a percent of students reported serious violent victimization.
Indicator
3
Theft is the most frequent type of nonfatal crime in the United States (U.S. Department of
Justice 2006). Data from the School Crime Supplement10 to the National Crime Victimiza-
tion Survey show the percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported criminal victimiza-
tion at school during the previous 6 months. In 2005, some 4 percent of students ages
12–18 reported being victimized at school during the previous 6 months. About 3 percent
reported theft,11 1 percent reported violent victimization12 (fi gure 3.1 and table 3.1), and
less than half of a percent of students reported serious violent victimization.13
Overall, the percentage of students ages 12–18 who were victimized at school during the
previous 6 months decreased between 1995 and 2005 from 10 to 4 percent. For each type
of victimization, the percentage of students reporting victimization decreased between 1995
and 2005 (fi gure 3.1 and table 3.1). Between the most recent survey years (2003 and 2005),
the percentage of students reporting victimization declined from 5 to 4 percent, and the per-
centage reporting theft declined from 4 to 3 percent. There were no measurable changes in
the percentages reporting violent and serious violent crime during this period.
In 2005, the prevalence of victimization varied somewhat according to student characteris-
tics. Male students were more likely than female students to report being victims of violent
crime at school (2 vs. 1 percent), but no measurable gender differences were detected in
the likelihood of reporting theft (3 percent each). There were also no measurable differences
in the percentages reporting victimization across grades. Further, in 2005, no measurable
differences were detected in the percentages of White, Black, or Hispanic students who
reported victimization, theft, or violent victimization. Students in urban schools were more
likely to report victimization (5 percent) and theft (4 percent) than students in rural schools
(3 and 2 percent, respectively). However, no other measurable differences were observed by
urbanicity.
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 3.1
Addington et al. 2002
10 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.11 Theft includes purse snatching, pick pocketing, all burglaries, attempted forcible entry, and all attempted and completed thefts except motor vehicle thefts. Theft does not include robbery in which threat or use of force is involved.12 Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault.13 Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault.
1 Serious violent crimes are also included in violent crimes.NOTE: Theft includes purse snatching, pick pocketing, all burglaries, at-tempted forcible entry, and all attempted and completed thefts except motor vehicle thefts. Theft does not include robbery in which threat or use of force is involved. Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault. Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault. Total crimes include violent crimes and theft. “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, and, from 2001
onward, going to and from school. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A. Population sizes for students ages 12–18 are 23,325,000 in 1995; 24,614,000 in 1999; 24,315,000 in 2001; 25,684,000 in 2003; and 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, various years, 1995–2005.
Figure 3.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported criminal victimization at school during the previous 6 months, by type of victimization: Various years, 1995–2005
Nonfatal Student Victimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Total Thefts
Violent crimes Serious violent crimes1
Year
Percent
2001 2003 200519991995 2001 2003 200519991995
2001 2003 200519991995 2001 2003 200519991995
Year
Percent
Year
Percent
Year
Percent
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
THREATS AND INJURIES WITH WEAPONS ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
The percentage of students who were threatened or injured with a weapon has fl uctuated between 7–9 percent in all survey years from 1993 through 2005.
Indicator
4
Every year, some students are threatened or injured with a weapon while they are on school
property. The percentage of students victimized in this way provides an important measure
of how safe our schools are and how their safety has changed over time. In the Youth Risk
Behavior Survey, students in grades 9–12 were asked whether they had been threatened
or injured with a weapon on school property during the 12 months preceding the survey.
In 2005, some 8 percent of students reported being threatened or injured with a weapon,
such as a gun, knife, or club, on school property (table 4.1). The percentage of students who
were threatened or injured with a weapon fl uctuated between 1993 and 2005 without a
clear trend. In all survey years from 1993 through 2005, between 7–9 percent of students
reported being threatened or injured in this way.
The likelihood of being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property varied by
student characteristics. In each survey year, males were more likely than females to report
being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property (fi gure 4.1 and table 4.1).
In 2005, some 10 percent of male students reported being threatened or injured in the past
year, compared with 6 percent of female students. In each survey year, students in lower
grades were generally more likely to report being threatened or injured with a weapon on
school property than those in higher grades (fi gure 4.2 and table 4.1). Eleven percent of 9th-
graders reported that they were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property in
2005, compared with 9 percent of 10th-graders and 6 percent of 11th- and 12th-graders.
Students’ likelihood of being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property varied
by race/ethnicity in 2005. Hispanic students were more likely than White students to report
being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property (10 vs. 7 percent). However,
no measurable differences were found in the percentages of Black and White students or
Black and Hispanic students who reported being threatened or injured in this way.
In 2005, student reports of being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property
varied among states for which data were available. Among states, the percentage of students
with such reports ranged from 5 to 12 percent (table 4.2).This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 4.1 & 4.2
Eaton et al. 2006
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. Popu-lation size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk BehaviorSurveillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
Figure 4.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months, by sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Figure 4.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported being threatened or injured with a weapon on school property during the previous 12 months, by grade: 2005
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. Popu-lation sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993; 13,697,000 in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk BehaviorSurveillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Nonfatal Student Victimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Percent
Year
MaleTotal
Female
1993 200119991997 2003 200519950
5
10
15
20
25
Percent
0
5
10
15
20
25
12th11th10th
Grade
9thTotal
66
11
8 9
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
THREATS AND ATTACKS ON TEACHERS
20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
TEACHERS THREATENED WITH INJURY OR ATTACKED BY STUDENTS
In 2003–04, teachers in central city schools were more likely than their peers in urban fringe or rural schools to report being threatened with injury or physically attacked.
Indicator
5
Students are not the only victims of intimidation or violence in schools. Teachers are also
subject to threats and physical attacks, and students from their schools sometimes commit
these offenses. In the Schools and Staffi ng Survey, teachers were asked whether they had
been threatened with injury or physically attacked by a student from their school in the pre-
vious 12 months. A smaller percentage of teachers reported they were threatened with in-
jury by a student from their school in 2003–04 (7 percent) than in 1993–94 and 1999–2000
(12 and 9 percent, respectively; fi gure 5.1 and table 5.1). Teachers were also less likely in
2003–04 than in 1993–94 to report having been physically attacked (3 vs. 4 percent; fi gure
5.1 and table 5.2).
Teachers in central city schools were consistently more likely to be threatened with injury
or physically attacked than teachers in urban fringe or rural schools between 1993–94 and
2003–04 (fi gure 5.2 and tables 5.1 and 5.2). For example, in 2003–04, some 10 percent of
teachers in central city schools were threatened with injury by students, compared with 6
percent of teachers in urban fringe schools and 5 percent of teachers in rural schools. Five
percent of teachers in central city schools were attacked by students, compared with 3 per-
cent of teachers in urban fringe and 2 percent of teachers in rural schools.
In 2003–04, gender differences in the victimization of teachers were apparent (tables 5.1
and 5.2). Although a larger percentage of male than female teachers reported having been
threatened with injury (9 vs. 6 percent), female teachers were more likely than their male
counterparts to have been physically attacked (4 vs. 3 percent).
In 2003–04, teachers’ reports of being threatened or attacked by students varied according
to the level of their school. Secondary school teachers were more likely than elementary
school teachers to have been threatened with injury by a student (8 vs. 6 percent; table 5.1).
However, elementary school teachers were more likely than secondary school teachers to
report having been physically attacked (4 vs. 2 percent; table 5.2).
Public school teachers were more likely than private school teachers to have been threat-
ened with injury (7 vs. 2 percent) or physically attacked (4 vs. 2 percent) by students in
school (fi gure 5.2 and tables 5.1 and 5.2). Among teachers in central city schools, those in
public schools were at least fi ve times more likely to be threatened with injury than their
colleagues in private schools (12 vs. 2 percent) and at least four times more likely to be
physically attacked (5 vs. 1 percent).
Public school teachers’ reports of being threatened with injury or physically attacked varied
among states. In 2003–04, the percentage of public school teachers who reported being
threatened in the previous 12 months ranged from 4 to 18 percent (table 5.3), and the per-
centage who were physically attacked ranged from 1 to 7 percent (table 5.4).
This indicator has been updated to include 2003–04
data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, & 5.4
Appendix Bfor defi nitions of
school levels
Strizek et al. 2006
Figure 5.1. Percentage of public and private school teachers who reported that they were threatened with injury or that they were physically attacked by a student from school during the previous 12 months: 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04
Figure 5.2. Percentage of public and private school teachers who reported that they were threatened with injury or that they were physically attacked by a student from school during the previous 12 months, by urbanicity and school sector: 2003–04
Threats and Attacks on Teachers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
! Interpret data with caution.NOTE: Teachers who taught only prekindergarten students are excluded. The public sector includes public, public charter, and Bureau of Indian Affairs school teachers. Population size for teachers is 3,704,000 in 2003–04.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffi ng Survey (SASS), “Public School Teacher Ques-tionnaire,” 2003–04; “Private School Teacher Questionnaire,” 2003–04; and “Bureau of Indian Affairs Teacher Questionnaire,” 2003–04.
NOTE: Teachers who taught only prekindergarten students are excluded. Population sizes for teachers are 2,930,000 in 1993–94; 3,452,000 in 1999–2000; and 3,704,000 in 2003–04. Figures were revised and may differ from previously published data.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffi ng Survey (SASS), “Public School Teacher Ques-tionnaire,” 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04; “Private School Teacher Questionnaire,” 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04; “Charter School Ques-tionnaire,” 1999–2000; and “Bureau of Indian Affairs Teacher Question-naire,” 1999–2000 and 2003–04.
0
5
10
15
20
25
Percent
1993–94 1999–2000 2003–04
Physically attacked
Threatened with injury
Public Private
Percent
0
5
10
15
20
25
Urbanicity
7
2
12
2
6
2
5
2!4
2
5
1!3 2 2 2!
RuralUrbanfringe
Centralcity
Total RuralUrbanfringe
Centralcity
Total
Threatened with injury Physically attacked
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SCHOOLENVIRONMENT
24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
VIOLENT AND OTHER INCIDENTS AT PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND THOSE REPORTED TO THE POLICE
The percentage of public schools experiencing one or more violent incidents increased between the 1999–2000 and 2003–04 school years from 71 to 81 percent.
Indicator
6
This indicator presents the percentage of schools that experienced one or more speci-
fi ed crimes, the total number of these crimes reported by schools, and the rate of crimes
per 1,000 students. These data are also presented for the crimes that were reported to the
police. In the School Survey on Crime and Safety, public school principals were asked to
provide the number of serious violent incidents,14 violent incidents,15 thefts valuing $10
or greater, and other incidents that occurred at their school, as well as the number of these
incidents reported to the police. In 2003–04, some 88 percent of public schools responded
that one or more incidents of these crimes had taken place (including violent, theft, and
other crimes), amounting to an estimated 2.1 million crimes (table 6.1). This fi gure translates
into a rate of 46 crimes per 1,000 students enrolled in 2003–04. During the same year, 65
percent of schools reported an incident of one of the specifi ed crimes to the police amount-
ing to about 764,400 crimes—or 16 crimes per 1,000 students enrolled.
The percentage of public schools experiencing one or more violent incidents increased be-
tween 1999–2000 and 2003–04 from 71 to 81 percent. In 2003–04, 18 percent of schools
experienced one or more serious violent incidents, 46 percent experienced one or more
thefts, and 64 percent experienced another type of crime (fi gure 6.1 and table 6.1). Forty-
four percent of public schools reported at least one violent incident to police, 13 percent
reported at least one serious violent incident to police, 31 percent reported at least one theft
to police, and 50 percent reported one of the other specifi ed crimes to police.
The prevalence of violent incidents at public schools and those reported to the police varied
by school level (fi gure 6.2 and tables 6.2 and 6.3). Primary schools were the least likely
to experience any violent incident: 74 percent of primary schools did so, compared with
94 percent of middle schools and 96 percent of high schools. Similar relationships were
observed for serious violent incidents and those violent and serious violent incidents that
were reported to the authorities. However, when looking at the rate of violent crimes per
1,000 students, both primary schools and high schools had lower rates than middle schools.
In 2003–04, there were 28 violent crimes per 1,000 students in both primary schools and
high schools, compared with 53 such violent crimes in middle schools. Regardless of school
level, there were no more than two serious violent crimes per 1,000 students enrolled in
2003–04.
When examining violent incidents by the location of public schools, city schools were more
likely than urban fringe schools to experience violent incidents (fi gure 6.3 and table 6.2).
Eighty-eight percent of city schools had one or more violent incidents, compared with 80
percent of urban fringe schools.
This indicator has been updated to include 2003–04
data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 6.1,6.2, & 6.3
Appendix Bfor defi nitions of school levels and
urbanicity
Miller 2003 revised
14 Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with a weap-on, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.15 Violent incidents include serious violent incidents plus physical attacks or fi ghts without a weapon and threats of physical attacks without a weapon.
Figure 6.1. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime that occurred at school and the rate per 1,000 students, by type of crime: 2003–04
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1 Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon. Serious violent incidents are also included in violent incidents.2 Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.3 Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defi ned for respondents as “the unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts.”
4 Other incidents include possession of a fi rearm or explosive device, pos-session of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, or vandalism.NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. “At school” was defi ned for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to re-spond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed other-wise. Population size is 80,500 public schools. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
Reported to the policeExperienced various types of crime
Reported to the policeExperienced various types of crime
Percent of schools
Type of crime
0
50
100
150
200
Rate per 1,000 students
Percent
0
20
40
60
80
100
65
8881
44
1813
46
31
64
50
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1Total
Type of crime
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1Total
Rate per 1,000
46
1633
8 1 1 4 2 8 6
26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
1 Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon. Serious violent incidents are also included in violent incidents.2 Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.3 Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defi ned for respondents as “the unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts.”4 Other incidents include possession of a fi rearm or explosive device, pos-session of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, or vandalism.
NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. Primary schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. “At school” was defi ned for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to respond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed other-wise. Population size is 80,500 public schools.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent Reported to the police
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1
Type of crime
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent Experienced various types of crime
8174
94 96
85
1813
2429
24
46
30
63
84
67 64
51
8393
73
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1
Type of crime
PrimaryTotal High school CombinedMiddle
PrimaryTotal High school CombinedMiddle
28
8
2027 31
44
67
48
88
57
44
67
79
52
13 16 16
50
35
71
Figure 6.2. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime that occurred at school, by type of crime and school level: 2003–04
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
1 Violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with or without a weapon, threat of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon. Serious violent incidents are also included in violent incidents.2 Serious violent incidents include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attack or fi ght with a weapon, threat of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or without a weapon.3 Theft/larceny (taking things over $10 without personal confrontation) was defi ned for respondents as “the unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat, violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from vending machines, and all other types of thefts.”
4 Other incidents include possession of a fi rearm or explosive device, pos-session of a knife or sharp object, distribution of illegal drugs, possession or use of alcohol or illegal drugs, or vandalism.NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. “At school” was defi ned for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to re-spond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed other-wise. Population size is 80,500 public schools.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
Figure 6.3. Percentage of public schools experiencing and reporting incidents of crime that occurred at school, by type of crime and urbanicity: 2003–04
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent Reported to the police
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1
Type of crime
0
20
40
60
80
100
Percent Experienced various types of crime
8188
8087
75
18 21 18 19 15
46 47 46 45 46
6469 65 68
57
Other4Theft3Serious violent2Violent1
Type of crime
47
17 14 13
31 30 3326
56
4244 4452
37
13 10
35
5055 51
CityTotal Town RuralUrban fringe
CityTotal Town RuralUrban fringe
28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
DISCIPLINE PROBLEMS REPORTED BY PUBLIC SCHOOLS
The prevalence of frequently occurring discipline problems was related to school size in the 2003–04 school year. In general, principals in large schools were more likely to report discipline problems than principals in small schools.
Indicator
7
The existence of discipline problems in a school may contribute to an environment that facili-
tates school violence and crime (Miller 2003 revised). In the School Survey on Crime and Safety,
school principals were asked how often certain disciplinary problems happen in their schools.
This indicator examines the daily or weekly occurrence of student racial tensions, bullying, ver-
bal abuse of teachers, widespread classroom disorder, and acts of disrespect for teachers in pub-
lic schools. It also looks at occurrences of gang and cult activities, and due to the severe nature
of these incidents, presents all reports of gang and cult activities during the 2003–04 school year.
Two percent of public schools reported racial tensions among students on a daily or weekly
basis and 27 percent reported that student bullying took place daily or weekly during the
2003–04 school year (fi gure 7.1 and table 7.1). With regard to other frequently occurring
discipline problems in public schools (those occurring at least once a week), 11 percent of
principals reported student verbal abuse of teachers, 3 percent reported widespread disorder
in classrooms, and 19 percent reported student acts of disrespect for teachers. Some 17 per-
cent of public schools reported undesirable gang activities and 3 percent reported undesir-
able cult or extremist activities. Public school reports of student racial tensions were lower
in 2003–04 than in 1999–2000 (2 vs. 3 percent), as were any reports of cult or extremist
group activities (3 vs. 7 percent; data not shown, see DeVoe et al. 2005).
Discipline problems reported by public schools varied by school characteristics. For example,
middle schools were more likely than primary schools to report various types of discipline
problems (fi gure 7.1 and table 7.1). Middle schools were also more likely than high schools to
report daily or weekly incidences of student bullying (42 vs. 21 percent) and student acts of dis-
respect for teachers (32 vs. 26 percent). During the school year, high schools were more likely
than both middle and primary schools to report gang activity (41 vs. 31 and 8 percent, respec-
tively) and more likely than middle schools to report extremist cult activity (13 vs. 6 percent).
The prevalence of frequently occurring discipline problems was related to school enroll-
ment size. In general, principals in large schools were more likely to report discipline
problems than principals in small schools. Thirty-four percent of principals at schools with
1,000 or more students reported student acts of disrespect for teachers at least once a week,
compared with 21 percent of schools with 500–999 students, 17 percent of schools with
300–499 students, and 14 percent of schools with less than 300 students.
Schools where 20 percent or fewer of the students were eligible for free or reduced-price lunch
were less likely to report student bullying, verbal abuse of teachers, widespread disorder in the
classroom, acts of disrespect for teachers, and undesirable gang activities than schools where
more students were eligible. Schools where 50 percent or more of the students were eligible for
free or reduced-price lunch were generally more likely to report discipline problems than schools
where fewer students qualifi ed, except for student racial tensions, bullying, and cult activities.
This indicator has been updated with 2003–04
data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 7.1
Appendix Bfor defi nitions of
school levels
Miller 2003 revised
Figure 7.1. Percentage of public schools reporting selected discipline problems that occurred at school, by school level: 2003–04
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
! Interpret data with caution.‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Includes schools that reported the activity happens either once a week or daily.2 Includes schools that reported the activity has happened at all at their school during the school year.3 A gang was defi ned for respondents as “an ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols or colors, whose members engage, either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior.”4 A cult or extremist group was defi ned for respondents as “a group that espouses radical beliefs and practices, which may include a religious com-ponent, that are widely seen as threatening the basic values and cultural norms of society at large.”
NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. Primary schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. “At school” was defi ned for respondents to include activities that happen in school buildings, on school grounds, on school buses, and at places that hold school-sponsored events or activities. Respondents were instructed to respond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed other-wise. Population size is 80,500 public schools. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
Discipline problem
21!
53
‡
2724
21
117
1817
14
32!
64
‡
1914
3226
25
178
31
1141
3‡
613
‡
23
42
0 10 20 30 40 50
Percent
Undesirable cult or extremist group activities2,4
Undesirable gang activities2,3
Student acts of disrespect for teachers1
Widespread disorder in classrooms1
Student verbal abuse of teachers1
Student bullying1
Student racial tensions1
PrimaryTotal
High schoolCombined
Middle
30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS’ REPORTS OF GANGS AT SCHOOL
The percentage of students reporting the presence of gangs at school increased from 21 to 24 percent between 2003 and 2005.
Indicator
8
Gangs are organized groups often involved in drugs, weapons traffi cking, and violence.
Such gangs at school can be disruptive to the school environment because their presence
may incite fear among students and increase the level of school violence (Laub and Laurit-
sen 1998). In the School Crime Supplement16 to the National Crime Victimization Survey,
students ages 12–18 were asked if gangs were present at their school during the previous
6 months.
In 2005, some 24 percent of students reported that there were gangs at their schools (fi gure
8.1 and table 8.1). Students in urban schools were more likely to report the presence of
gangs at their school than suburban students and rural students (36 vs. 21 and 16 percent,
respectively). No measurable difference was found between suburban and rural students in
their likelihood of reporting gang presence.
The total percentage of students who reported the presence of gangs at school increased
from 21 percent in 2003 to 24 percent in 2005. Similarly, the percentage of students at
urban schools who reported that gangs were present at school also increased during this
period from 31 to 36 percent. No measurable change was found for the percentage of sub-
urban or rural students reporting gang presence during this period.
Hispanic and Black students were more likely than White students to report gangs in their
schools in 2005 (38 and 37 percent, respectively, vs. 17 percent; fi gure 8.2 and table 8.1).
This pattern held among students in both urban and suburban schools. Between 2003 and
2005, reports of gangs increased among both Black students (29 vs. 37 percent) and White
students (14 vs. 17 percent). No measurable change was detected in the percentage of His-
panic students reporting the presence of gangs between 2003 and 2005.
Students in public schools were more likely to report the presence of gangs than were stu-
dents in private schools regardless of the school’s location (table 8.1). In 2005, some 25 per-
cent of students in public schools reported that there were gangs in their schools, compared
with 4 percent of students in private schools.
In 2005, there were no measurable differences between males and females in the extent
to which they reported gang presence in their schools, with the exception of males at sub-
urban schools, who were more likely to report gang presence than females (22 vs. 19 per-
cent). Between 2001 and 2005, the percentage of male students reporting the presence of
gangs increased (from 21 to 25 percent), as did the percentage of suburban males reporting
gang activity (from 19 to 22 percent). In the same time period, the percentage of urban fe-
males reporting gang activity also increased from 26 to 34 percent.
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 8.1
Addington et al. 2002
16 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.
Figure 8.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that gangs were present at school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity: Various years, 2001–2005
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 8.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that gangs were present at school during the previous 6 months, by urbanicity and race/ethnicity: 2005
! Interpret data with caution.1 Other includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian or Pacifi c Islander, and more than one race. For this report, non-Hispanic students who identi-fi ed themselves as more than one race were included in the Other category. Respondents who identifi ed themselves as being of Hispanic origin are clas-sifi ed as Hispanic, regardless of their race.
NOTE: All gangs, whether or not they are involved in violent or illegal activity, are included. “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. In 2005, the unit re-sponse rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
NOTE: All gangs, whether or not they are involved in violent or illegal activity, are included. “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; there-fore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see ap-pendix A. Population sizes for students ages 12–18 are 24,315,000 in 2001; 25,684,000 in 2003; and 25,811,000 in 2005.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, various years, 2001–2005.
20032001 2005
Percent
0
10
20
30
40
50
Urbanicity
13 1216
20 2124
29 31
36
18 1821
Suburban RuralUrbanTotal
BlackWhite Other1Hispanic1
Percent
0
10
20
30
40
50
RuralSuburbanUrbanTotal
14
24 26
14!16
3532
2223
41
48
27
17
37 38
23
Urbanicity
32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS’ REPORTS OF DRUG AVAILABILITY ON SCHOOL PROPERTY
In 2005, one-quarter of all students in grades 9–12 reported that someone had offered, sold, or given them an illegal drug on school property in the past 12 months.
Indicator
9
The availability of drugs on school property has a disruptive and corrupting infl uence on
the school environment (Nolin et al. 1997). In the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, students in
grades 9–12 were asked whether someone had offered, sold, or given them an illegal drug
on school property in the 12 months before the survey. In 2005, some 25 percent of stu-
dents in grades 9–12 reported that drugs were made available to them on school property
(table 9.1). There was no measurable change in the percentage of students who reported
that drugs were offered, sold, or given to them at school between 2003 and 2005.
Males were more likely than females to report that drugs were offered, sold, or given to
them on school property in each survey year from 1993 to 2005 (fi gure 9.1 and table 9.1).
For example, in 2005, some 29 percent of males reported that drugs were available, com-
pared with 22 percent of females. No measurable differences were detected in the percent-
age of students who reported that drugs were made available to them according to grade
level in 2005.
The percentages of students who reported having illegal drugs offered, sold, or given to
them on school property differed across racial/ethnic groups (fi gure 9.2 and table 9.1). Spe-
cifi cally, in 2005, Hispanic students were more likely than Asian, Black, American Indian,
and White students to report that drugs were made available to them (34 vs. 16–24 percent).
Although it appears that Pacifi c Islander students were more likely than Hispanic students to
report that drugs were made available to them, the difference was not found to be statisti-
cally signifi cant.
In 2005, student reports of the availability of drugs on school property varied among states
for which data were available. Among states, the percentage of students who reported that
drugs were available to them at school ranged from 16 to 39 percent (table 9.2).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 9.1 & 9.2
Eaton et al. 2006
Figure 9.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Figure 9.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported that drugs were made available to them on school property during the previous 12 months, by race/ethnicity: 2005
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1 American Indian includes Alaska Native, Black includes African American, Pacifi c Islander includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Respondents who identifi ed themselves as being of Hispanic origin are clas-sifi ed as Hispanic, regardless of their race.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. Popu-lation size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. Popu-lation sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993; 13,697,000 in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Percent
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
MaleTotal
Female
0
10
20
30
40
50
Percent
0
10
20
30
50
40
Race/ethnicity1
More thanone race
PacificIslander
AmericanIndian
AsianHispanicBlackWhiteTotal
25 24 24
34
16
24
41
32
34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
In 2005, some 11 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that someone at school had used hate-related words against them, and more than one-third (38 percent) had seen hate-related graffi ti at school.
Indicator
10
In the 2005 School Crime Supplement17 to the National Crime Victimization Survey, students
ages 12–18 were asked if someone at school had called them a derogatory word having to
do with their race, ethnicity, religion, disability, gender, or sexual orientation and if they had
seen hate-related graffi ti during the previous 6 months. With regard to hate-related words,
students were also asked to specify the characteristic to which the word was directed.
In 2005, some 11 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that someone at school had
used hate-related words against them (fi gure 10.1 and table 10.1). Five percent of students
reported that the hate-related words concerned their race, 3 percent reported that the words
were related to their ethnicity, about 2 percent each reported that the words concerned their
religion or gender, and 1 percent each reported that the words were related to their disabil-
ity or sexual orientation (table 10.2). Students were also asked if they had seen hate-related
graffi ti at their school—that is, hate-related words or symbols written in classrooms, bath-
rooms, hallways, or on the outside of the school building (fi gure 10.1 and table 10.1). Some
38 percent of students saw hate-related graffi ti at school.
Students’ experiences of being called specifi c types of hate-related words in 2005 differed
according to their sex and race/ethnicity (table 10.2). Females were more likely to report
gender-related hate words than were males (3 vs. 1 percent) while male students were more
likely than female students to report hate words related to both race (5 vs. 4 percent) and
ethnicity (3 vs. 2 percent). White students were less likely to report race-related hate words
than were Black and Hispanic students as well as students whose racial/ethnic group was
categorized as “Other” (3 percent of White students vs. 7 percent of Black students, 6 per-
cent of Hispanic students, and 9 percent of Other students).
In 2005, measurable differences were found in students’ reports of being called hate-related
words and seeing hate-related graffi ti according to the urbanicity and sector of their schools
(fi gure 10.1 and table 10.1). Suburban students were less likely than both urban students
(9 vs. 12 percent) and rural students (9 vs. 15 percent) to report being called a hate-related
word. Public school students were more likely than their private school counterparts to re-
port being called a hate-related word (12 vs. 7 percent) and seeing hate-related graffi ti (39
vs. 18 percent).
STUDENTS’ REPORTS OF BEING CALLED HATE-RELATED WORDS AND SEEING HATE-RELATED GRAFFITI
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 10.1 & 10.2
Addington et al. 2002
17 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.
Figure 10.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being targets of hate-related words and seeing hate-related graffi ti at school during the previous 6 months, by selected student and school characteristics: 2005
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
1 Other includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian or Pacifi c Islander, and more than one race. For this report, non-Hispanic students who identi-fi ed themselves as more than one race were included in the Other category. Respondents who identifi ed themselves as being of Hispanic origin are clas-sifi ed as Hispanic, regardless of their race.
NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. Hate-related refers to derogatory terms used by others in reference to students’ personal characteristics. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more informa-tion, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
0 10 20 30 40 50Percent
Hate-related words Hate-related graffiti
0 10 20 30 40 50Percent
Private
Public
Rural
Suburban
Urban
Other1
Hispanic1
Black
White
Female
Male
Total
Private
Public
Rural
Suburban
Urban
Other1
Hispanic1
Black
White
Female
Male
Total 38
37
38
38
37
37
38
40
37
35
39
18
Student or schoolcharacteristic
Student or schoolcharacteristic
7
12
15
9
12
12
11
15
10
11
12
11
36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
BULLYING AT SCHOOL
In 2005, about 28 percent of 12- to 18-year-old students reported having been bullied at school during the last 6 months.
Indicator
11
Both bullying and being bullied at school are associated with key violence-related behaviors,
including carrying weapons, fi ghting, and sustaining injuries from fi ghting (Nansel et al. 2003).
In the 2005 School Crime Supplement18 to the National Crime Victimization Survey, students
ages 12–18 were asked if they had been bullied at school during the previous 6 months.19
In 2005, about 28 percent of students reported having been bullied at school during the
last 6 months (fi gure 11.1 and table 11.1). Nineteen percent of students said that they had
experienced bullying that consisted of being made fun of; 15 percent reported being the
subject of rumors; and 9 percent said that they were pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on (fi g-
ure 11.2 and table 11.1). Of those students who had been bullied, 79 percent said that they
were bullied inside the school, and 28 percent said that they were bullied outside on school
grounds (fi gure 11.2 and table 11.2). Of the students in 2005 who reported being bullied
during the previous 6 months, 53 percent said that they had been bullied once or twice
during that period, 25 percent had experienced bullying once or twice a month, 11 percent
reported being bullied once or twice a week, and 8 percent said that they had been bullied
almost daily (table 11.3).
White and Black students (30 and 29 percent) were more likely than Hispanic students to
report being bullied in 2005 (22 percent; table 11.1). White students were also more likely
than students of Other racial/ethnic groups to report being bullied (30 vs. 25 percent), and
to report that they were the subject of rumors than were Hispanic students and students of
Other racial/ethnic groups (16 vs. 12 percent).
In general, grade level was inversely related to students’ likelihood of being bullied: as
grade level increased, students’ likelihood of being bullied decreased (table 11.1). In 2005,
about 37 percent of 6th-graders, 28 percent of 9th-graders, and 20 percent of 12th-graders
reported that they had been bullied at school. Students in public schools were more likely
to report bullying incidents than were their private school counterparts (29 vs. 23 percent).
Of those students who reported bullying incidents that involved being pushed, shoved,
tripped, or spit on (9 percent), 24 percent reported that they had sustained an injury20 as a re-
sult (table 11.2). While no measurable differences were found by sex in students’ likelihood of
reporting a bullying incident in 2005, among students who reported being bullied, males were
more likely than females to report being injured during such an incident (31 vs. 18 percent).
This indicator has been updated
with 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 11.1, 11.2, & 11.3
DeVoe and Kaffenberger
2005
18 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.19 In 2005, the questionnaire wording for the School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey was modifi ed with regard to bullying. In the 1999, 2001, and 2003 surveys, students were simply asked whether they had been bullied in the previous 6 months, while the 2005 iteration posed a series of questions on bullying and provided respondents with more examples of bullying behavior. Bullying includes being made fun of; subject of rumors; threatened with harm; pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on; pressured into doing things did not want to do; excluded; or property destroyed on purpose.20 Injury includes bruises or swelling; cuts, scratches, or scrapes; black eye or bloody nose; teeth chipped or knocked out; broken bones or internal injuries; knocked unconscious; or other injuries.
Figure 11.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected bullying problems at school during the previous 6 months, by type of bullying: 2005
Figure 11.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being bullied at school during the previous 6 months, by location of bullying and injury: 2005
School Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1 Injury includes bruises or swelling; cuts, scratches, or scrapes; black eye or bloody nose; teeth chipped or knocked out; broken bones or internal injuries; knocked unconscious; or other injuries. Only students who reported that their bullying incident constituted being pushed, shoved, tripped, or spit on were asked if they suffered injuries as a result of the incident.NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. In 2005, the unit response rate for
this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005. Location totals may sum to more than 100 because students could have been bullied in more than one location.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. Types of bullying do not sum to total because students could have experienced more than one type of bullying. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more
information, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
Percent
0
20
40
60
80
100
Pushed,shoved,tripped,spit on
Threatenedwith harm
Subject ofrumors
Bullying type
Made fun of,called names,
or insulted
Propertydestroyed
on purpose
Excludedfrom
activitieson purpose
Tried tomake do things didnot want
to do
Total
95
1928
1553 3
Percent
0
20
40
60
80
100
Injury1Somewhereelse
Schoolbus
Location of bullying
Outsideon schoolgrounds
Insideschool
24
5
28
79
8
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
FIGHTS,WEAPONS,
AND ILLEGALSUBSTANCES
40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
PHYSICAL FIGHTS ON SCHOOL PROPERTY AND ANYWHERE
The percentage of 9th- to 12th-grade students who reported being in a physical fi ght anywhere increased from 33 to 36 percent between 2003 and 2005.
Indicator
12
Schools where physical fi ghts occur frequently may not be able to maintain a focused learn-
ing environment for students. Further, students who participate in fi ghts on school property
may have diffi culty succeeding in their studies (Payne, Gottfredson, and Gottfredson 2003).
In the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, students in grades 9–12 were asked about their general
involvement in physical fi ghts during the preceding 12 months (referred to as “anywhere”
in this report) and their involvement in physical fi ghts on school property. In 2005, some
36 percent of students in grades 9–12 reported being in a fi ght anywhere, and 14 percent
said they had been in a fi ght on school property (table 12.1). Between 2003 and 2005, the
percentage of students who reported being in a fi ght anywhere increased from 33 to 36 per-
cent. However, there was no measurable change in the percentage of students who reported
fi ghting on school property during the same period.
In all survey years, males were more likely than females to have been in a fi ght anywhere
and on school property (fi gure 12.1 and table 12.1). In 2005, 43 percent of males said they
had been in a fi ght anywhere, compared with 28 percent of females. In the same year, 18
percent of males said they had been in a fi ght on school property, compared with 9 percent
of females. Between 2003 and 2005, the percentage of females who reported having been
in a physical fi ght anywhere increased from 25 to 28 percent.
In 2005, students in lower grades were more likely to report being in fi ghts than students in
higher grades, both anywhere and on school property (fi gure 12.2 and table 12.1). In that
year, 19 percent of 9th-graders, 14 percent of 10th-graders, 10 percent of 11th-graders, and
9 percent of 12th-graders reported being in a fi ght on school property. While it appears that
students in most grades were more likely to report being in a physical fi ght in 2005 than in
2003, the only measurable increase found was for 9th-grade students anywhere: between
2003 and 2005, the percentage of 9th-graders who reported having been in a fi ght any-
where increased from 39 to 43 percent.
In 2005, the percentage of students engaging in fi ghts varied according to their race/ethnic-
ity. Specifi cally, Asian students were less likely than students from all other racial/ethnic
groups to report being in a fi ght anywhere or on school property. Six percent of Asian stu-
dents reported being in a fi ght on school property, compared with 12 to 24 percent of stu-
dents from other racial/ethnic groups. Between 2003 and 2005, the percentage of Hispanic
students who reported having been in a fi ght anywhere increased from 36 to 41 percent.
During the same period, the percentage of Asian students who reported having been in a
fi ght on school property declined from 13 to 6 percent.
In 2005, the percentage of students who reported being in a fi ght varied among states for which
data were available. Among states, the percentages ranged from 24 to 37 percent for being in a
fi ght anywhere, and from 8 to 16 percent for being in a fi ght on school property (table 12.2).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 12.1 & 12.2
Eaton et al. 2006
Figure 12.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Figure 12.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported having been in a physical fi ght during the previous 12 months, by location and grade: 2005
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many times in the last 12 months they had been in a physical fi ght. Population size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many times in the last 12 months they had been in a physical fi ght. Population sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993;
13,697,000 in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Percent
Anywhere On school property
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
0
20
40
60
80
100Percent
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
MaleTotal
Female
0
20
40
60
80
100
AnywhereLocation
0
20
40
80
60
100
Percent
On school property
9th gradeTotal 11th grade 12th grade10th grade
43
32 2919
10 9
36 37
14 14
42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS CARRYING WEAPONS ON SCHOOL PROPERTY AND ANYWHERE
There was no measurable change in the percentage of students who carried a weapon at school between 1999 and 2005: about 6 percent did so in both years.
Indicator
13
The presence of weapons at school may interfere with teaching and learning by creating an
intimidating and threatening atmosphere (Aspy et al. 2004). In the Youth Risk Behavior Sur-
vey, students were asked if they had carried a weapon such as a gun, knife, or club in the
past 30 days (referred to as “anywhere” in this report) or had carried one of these weapons
on school property in the past 30 days. In 2005, some 19 percent of students in grades 9–12
reported they had carried a weapon anywhere, and about 6 percent reported they had car-
ried a weapon on school property (table 13.1).
The percentage of students who reported carrying a weapon anywhere declined from 22
to 18 percent between 1993 and 1997. However, subsequently, there was no measurable
change in the percentage of students who reported carrying a weapon anywhere. Similar
to the pattern for carrying a weapon anywhere, between 1993 and 1999, the percentage of
students who reported carrying a weapon at school declined from 12 to 7 percent. How-
ever, there was no measurable change in the percentage of students who carried a weapon
at school between 1999 and 2005.
When looking at the characteristics of students who reported carrying weapons, males were
more than two times more likely than females to carry a weapon—either anywhere or on
school property—in all survey years (fi gure 13.1 and table 13.1). In 2005, for example, some
10 percent of males carried a weapon on school property, compared with 3 percent of females,
and 30 percent of males carried a weapon anywhere, compared with 7 percent of females.
In 2005, few differences were detected in the percentage of students who reported carrying
weapons anywhere and on school property according to students’ race/ethnicity (fi gure 13.2
and table 13.1). Asian students were less likely than students from all other racial/ethnic
groups, except Pacifi c Islanders,21 to report carrying a weapon anywhere, but no measur-
able differences were detected among Black, White, and Hispanic students. Asian students
were also less likely than students from all other racial/ethnic groups, except for Blacks,
to report carrying a weapon on school property, but no differences were detected among
Black, White, and American Indian students. Hispanic students were more likely than Black
students to report carrying a weapon during the previous 30 days on school property in
2005 (8 vs. 5 percent). Between 2003 and 2005, the percentage of Hispanic students who
reported doing so increased from 6 to 8 percent.
In 2005, the percentage of students who reported carrying a weapon varied among states
for which data were available. Among states, the percentages ranged from 11 to 28 percent
for carrying a weapon anywhere, and from 4 to 11 percent for carrying a weapon on school
property (table 13.2).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 13.1 & 13.2
Eaton et al. 2006
21 No observed measurable differences may be due to large standard errors.
Figure 13.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Figure 13.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported carrying a weapon at least 1 day during the previous 30 days, by location and race/ethnicity: 2005
! Interpret data with caution.1 American Indian includes Alaska Native, Black includes African American, Pacifi c Islander includes Native Hawaiian, and Hispanic includes Latino. Respondents who identifi ed themselves as being of Hispanic origin are clas-sifi ed as Hispanic, regardless of their race.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many days they carried a weapon during the past 30 days. Popu-lation size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many days they carried a weapon during the past 30 days. Popu-lation sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993; 13,697,000
in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Percent
Anywhere On school property
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
0
10
20
30
40
50Percent
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
MaleTotal
Female
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 10 20 30 40 50Percent
Anywhere On school property
0 10 20 30 40 50Percent
More than one race
Pacific Islander
American Indian
Asian
Hispanic
Black
White
Total
More than one race
Pacific Islander
American Indian
Asian
Hispanic
Black
White
Total
Race/ethnicity1 Race/ethnicity1
27
20!
26
7
19
16
19
19
12
15!
7
3!
8
5
6
6
44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS’ USE OF ALCOHOL ON SCHOOL PROPERTY AND ANYWHERE
In 2005, some 43 percent of students in grades 9–12 had at least one drink of alcohol anywhere, and 4 percent had at least one drink on school property in the 30 days before being surveyed.
Indicator
14
Students’ illegal consumption of alcohol on school property may lead to additional crimes
and misbehavior. It may also foster a school environment that is harmful to students, teach-
ers, and staff (Fagan and Wilkinson 1998). In the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, students in
grades 9–12 were asked whether they had consumed alcohol at all in the past 30 days (re-
ferred to as “anywhere” in this report) and if they had consumed alcohol on school proper-
ty. In 2005, some 43 percent of students consumed at least one drink of alcohol anywhere,
and 4 percent consumed at least one drink on school property (table 14.1). The percentage
of students who reported drinking alcohol anywhere increased from 48 to 52 percent be-
tween 1993 and 1995 and then declined to 43 percent in 2005. No consistent pattern was
detected in the percentage of students who reported consuming alcohol on school property
between 1993 and 2005: over these years, the percentage fl uctuated from 4 to 6 percent.
The likelihood of drinking alcohol varied by student characteristics including sex, grade
level, and race/ethnicity. In 2005, males were more likely than females to report using al-
cohol on school property (5 vs. 3 percent), a difference not found in the percentage who
reported drinking anywhere (fi gure 14.1 and table 14.1). In 2005, students in higher grades
were more likely to report drinking alcohol anywhere than were students in lower grades.
For example, 51 percent of 12th-graders reported using alcohol, compared with 36 percent
of 9th-graders (fi gure 14.2 and table 14.1). However, no measurable difference was found
across grade levels in students’ likelihood of drinking alcohol on school property.
In 2005, Asian and Black students were less likely to report using alcohol anywhere than
were American Indian, White, or Hispanic students. Twenty-two percent of Asian students
and 31 percent of Black students reported using alcohol anywhere, compared with 46
percent of White students, 47 percent of Hispanic students, and 57 percent of American
Indian students. In the same year, Hispanic students (8 percent) were more likely to use
alcohol on school property than were White, Black, or Asian students (4, 3, and 1 percent,
respectively).
In 2005, the percentage of students who reported drinking alcohol varied among states for
which data were available. Among states, the percentages ranged from 16 to 49 percent for
drinking alcohol anywhere, and from 2 to 9 percent for drinking alcohol on school property
(table 14.2).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 14.1 & 14.2
Eaton et al. 2006
Figure 14.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 14.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using alcohol during the previous 30 days, by location and grade: 2005
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many days did they have at least one drink of alcohol during the past 30 days. Population size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many days did they have at least one drink of alcohol during the past 30 days. Population sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993;
13,697,000 in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Percent
Anywhere On school property
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
0
20
40
60
80
100Percent
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
MaleTotal
Female
0
20
40
60
80
100
AnywhereLocation
0
20
40
80
60
100
Percent
On school property
9th gradeTotal 11th grade 12th grade10th grade
3646
51
4 4 5
43 42
4 4
46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS’ USE OF MARIJUANA ON SCHOOL PROPERTY AND ANYWHERE
In 2005, some 20 percent of students in grades 9–12 reported using marijuana anywhere during the past 30 days, and 5 percent reported using marijuana on school property.
Indicator
15
In the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, students in grades 9–12 were asked whether they had
used marijuana at all during the past 30 days (referred to as “anywhere” in this report) and
whether they had used marijuana on school property during this period. In 2005, some 20
percent of students in grades 9–12 reported using marijuana anywhere during the past 30
days, and 5 percent reported using marijuana on school property (table 15.1).
The percentage of students who reported using marijuana anywhere increased between
1993 and 1995 (from 18 to 25 percent), and in 1995, 1997, and 1999, roughly one-quar-
ter of students reported using marijuana anywhere (between 25 and 27 percent). By 2005,
however, the percentage of students who reported using marijuana anywhere had declined
to 20 percent. The percentage of students who reported using marijuana on school property
increased from 6 to 9 percent between 1993 and 1995 and then declined to 5 percent in
2001. No measurable change was found in the percentage of students who reported using
marijuana during the past 30 days on school property between 2001 and 2005.
Both students’ sex and grade level were associated with the use of marijuana among those
in grades 9–12. Males were more likely than females to have reported using marijuana
during the past 30 days in every survey year, both anywhere and on school property (fi g-
ure 15.1 and table 15.1). For example, in 2005, some 6 percent of males and 3 percent of
females reported using marijuana on school property. In that same year, 9th-grade students
were less likely than 11th- and 12th-grade students to report using marijuana anywhere (fi g-
ure 15.2 and table 15.1). While it appears that 9th-grade students were slightly more likely
to report using marijuana on school property than were their peers in other grades, no mea-
surable differences were detected in student reports of using marijuana on school property
by grade level.
In 2005, Asian students were less likely than students from other racial/ethnic groups, ex-
cept Pacifi c Islander students, to report using marijuana anywhere (7 vs. 17–30 percent of
students in other racial/ethnic groups). American Indian students were more likely than stu-
dents from other racial/ethnic groups, except Hispanic students, to report using marijuana
anywhere (30 vs. 7–20 percent of students in other racial/ethnic groups). At school, Hispan-
ic students (8 percent) and American Indian students (9 percent) were more likely to report
using marijuana than were White or Black students (4 and 5 percent, respectively).
In 2005, the percentage of students who reported using marijuana varied among states for
which data were available. Among states, the percentages ranged from 8 to 26 percent for
using marijuana anywhere, and from 2 to 8 percent for using it on school property (table
15.2).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 15.1 & 15.2
Eaton et al. 2006
Figure 15.1. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during the previous 30 days, by location and sex: Various years, 1993–2005
Fights, Weapons, and Illegal Substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure 15.2. Percentage of students in grades 9–12 who reported using marijuana during the previous 30 days, by location and grade: 2005
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many times during the past 30 days they used marijuana. Popula-tion size from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 is 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.
SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), 2005.
NOTE: “On school property” was not defi ned for survey respondents. The term “anywhere” is not used in the YRBS questionnaire; students are simply asked how many times during the past 30 days they used marijuana. Popu-lation sizes from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2005 (NCES 2006-030) for students in grades 9–12 are 13,093,000 students in 1993; 13,697,000
in 1995; 14,272,000 in 1997; 14,623,000 in 1999; 15,061,000 in 2001; 15,723,000 in 2003; and 16,286,000 (projected) in 2005.SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Youth Risk Behavior Sur-veillance System (YRBSS), various years, 1993–2005.
Percent
Anywhere On school property
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
0
10
20
30
40
50Percent
2001 2003 20051999199719951993
Year
MaleTotal
Female
0
10
20
30
40
50
AnywhereLocation
0
10
20
40
30
50
Percent
On school property
9th gradeTotal 11th grade 12th grade10th grade
1721 23
5 4 4
20 20
5 5
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
FEAR ANDAVOIDANCE
50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF PERSONAL SAFETY AT SCHOOL AND AWAY FROM SCHOOL
In 2005, as grade level increased, the percentage of students reporting fear of an attack at school or on the way to and from school decreased.
Indicator
16
School violence can make students fearful and affect their readiness and ability to learn, and concerns about vulnerability to attacks detract from a positive school environment (Scheck-ner et al. 2002). In the School Crime Supplement22 to the National Crime Victimization Sur-vey, students ages 12–18 were asked how often they had been afraid of attack “at school or on the way to and from school” and “away from school” during the previous 6 months.23
In 2005, approximately 6 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that they were afraid of attack or harm at school, and 5 percent reported that they were afraid of attack or harm away from school. There was no measurable change between 2003 and 2005 in the per-centage of students reporting fear of attack or harm at or away from school (fi gure 16.1 and table 16.1). Consistent with fi ndings from 1999 and 2001, students in 2005 were more likely to report being afraid of an attack at school than away from school. The percentage of students who reported that they were afraid of being attacked at school (including on the way to and from school) decreased from 12 to 6 percent between 1995 and 2001; however, no measurable difference was detected between 2001 and 2005. Similarly, there was no change in the percentage of students who feared such an attack away from school between 1999 and 2005.
Black and Hispanic students were more likely than White students to fear for their safety re-gardless of location in 2005 (fi gure 16.2 and table 16.1). Nine percent of Black students and 10 percent of Hispanic students reported that they were afraid of being attacked at school (including on the way to and from school), compared with 4 percent of White students. Away from school, 7 percent of Black students, 6 percent of Hispanic students, and 4 per-cent of White students reported that they were afraid of an attack. There was no measurable change between 2003 and 2005 in the percentage of students who feared for their safety in either location among White, Black, or Hispanic students.
In 2005, as grade level increased, students’ fear of an attack at school or on the way to and from school decreased. In the same year, 10 percent of 6th-graders, 6 percent of 9th-graders, and 3 percent of 12th-graders feared for their safety at school or on the way to and from school.
School location was also related to students’ fear of attack. In 2005, students in urban schools were more likely than students in suburban and rural schools to fear being attacked at school or on the way to and from school. Ten percent of students in urban schools feared being at-tacked at school, compared with 5 percent each of their peers in suburban and rural schools.
School sector was also related to students’ fear of attack. In every survey year, students in public schools were more likely than students in private schools to fear being attacked at school. In 2005, about 6 percent of public school students feared being attacked at school, compared with 4 percent of private school students. While it appears that the public school students were generally more likely than their counterparts in private schools to fear being attacked away from school, these differences were not found to be statistically signifi cant.
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 16.1
Addington et al. 2002 22 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret
the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.23 For the 2001 survey, the wording was changed to “attack or threat of attack.” Includes students who report-ed that they sometimes or most of the time feared being victimized in this way.
Figure 16.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being afraid of attack or harm during the previous 6 months, by location: Various years, 1995–2005
Figure 16.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported being afraid of attack or harm during the previous 6 months, by location and race/ethnicity: 2005
Fear and Avoidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
! Interpret data with caution.1 Other includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian or Pacifi c Islander, and more than one race. For this report, non-Hispanic students who identi-fi ed themselves as more than one race were included in the Other category. Respondents who identifi ed themselves as being of Hispanic origin are clas-sifi ed as Hispanic, regardless of their race.NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. Includes students who reported
that they sometimes or most of the time feared being victimized in this way. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more informa-tion, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, and, from 2001 onward, going to and from school. For the 2001 survey, the wording was changed from “attack or harm” to “attack or threat of attack.” Includes students who reported that they sometimes or most of the time feared being victimized in this way. Fear of attack away from school was not collected in 1995. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with cau-
tion. For more information, please see appendix A. Population sizes for stu-dents ages 12–18 are 23,325,000 in 1995; 24,614,000 in 1999; 24,315,000 in 2001; 25,684,000 in 2003; and 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, various years, 1995–2005.
At school Away from school
Year
Percent
2001 2003 200519991995 2001 2003 20051999
Year
Percent
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
At schoolLocation
0
5
10
20
15
25
Percent
Away from school
WhiteTotal Hispanic1 Other1Black
4
10
64
6 6!6
9
57
52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
In 2005, some 6 percent of students ages 12–18 reported that they avoided school activities or one or more places in school because they thought someone might attack or harm them.
Indicator
17
School crime may lead students to perceive school as unsafe, and in trying to ensure their
own safety, students may begin to skip school activities or avoid certain places within school
(Schreck and Miller 2003). The percentage of students who avoid school activities and cer-
tain areas in school is a measure of their perceptions of school safety. In the School Crime
Supplement24 to the National Crime Victimization Survey, students ages 12–18 were asked
whether they had avoided school activities or one or more places in school because they
were fearful that someone might attack or harm them.25 In 2005, some 6 percent of students
reported that they had avoided a school activity or one or more places in school in the pre-
vious 6 months because of fear of attack or harm: 2 percent of students avoided a school
activity, and 4 percent avoided one or more places in school26 (fi gure 17.1 and table 17.1).
The percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported that they avoided school activities be-
cause they thought someone might attack or harm them there decreased from 3 to 2 percent
between 1999 and 2001 and remained at about 2 percent through 2005 (fi gure 17.1 and
table 17.1). Between 4 and 5 percent of students reported avoiding one or more places in
school during the same period.
Students’ reports of avoiding one or more places in school varied according to their race/eth-
nicity. In 2005, Black and Hispanic students (7 and 6 percent, respectively) were more likely
than White students or those from some Other racial/ethnic background (4 and 3 percent, re-
spectively) to report avoiding one or more places in school because they were afraid some-
one might attack or harm them (table 17.2). As in all previous survey years, no measurable
difference was detected in the extent to which males and females avoided places in 2005.
Generally, grade level was inversely associated with students’ likelihood of avoiding one or
more places in school. Eight percent of 6th-graders avoided one or more places in school in
2005, compared with 1 percent of 12th-graders (fi gure 17.2 and table 17.2).
Consistent with most previous years, students in urban areas in 2005 were the most likely
to avoid places in school: 6 percent of urban students reported that they had done so, com-
pared with 4 percent of suburban and rural students. In addition, public school students
were more likely than private school students to avoid places in school (5 vs. 1 percent).
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Tables 17.1 & 17.2
Addington et al. 2002
STUDENTS’ REPORTS OF AVOIDING SCHOOL ACTIVITIES OR SPECIFIC PLACES IN SCHOOL
24 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.25 For the 2001 survey, the wording was changed from “attack or harm” to “attack or threat of attack.” See ap-pendix A for more information.26 Avoided a school activity includes avoiding extracurricular activities, skipping class, or staying home from school. Places include the entrance, any hallways or stairs, parts of the cafeteria, restrooms, and other places inside the school building.
Figure 17.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding school activities or one or more places in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of attack or harm: Various years, 1995–2005
Figure 17.2. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported avoiding one or more places in school during the previous 6 months because of fear of attack or harm, by selected student and school characteristics: 2005
Fear and Avoidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
! Interpret data with caution.NOTE: Places include the entrance, any hallways or stairs, parts of the caf-eteria, restrooms, and other places inside the school building. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards;
therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A. Population size for students ages 12–18 is 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005.
1 Data for 1995 are not available.NOTE: “Avoided school activities” includes skipped extracurricular activi-ties, skipped class, or stayed home from school, and “avoided one or more places in school” includes the entrance, any hallways or stairs, parts of the cafeteria, restrooms, and other places inside the school building. For the 2001 survey, the wording was changed from “attack or harm” to “attack or threat of attack.” In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet
NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A. Population sizes for students ages 12–18 are 23,325,000 in 1995; 24,614,000 in 1999; 24,315,000 in 2001; 25,684,000 in 2003; and 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, various years, 1995–2005.
Year
Percent
2001 2003 2005199919950
5
10
15
20
25
Avoided one or more places in school
Avoided school activities1
Total1
86 6
4 5 4 3 4
1!
54
1!
4
Public Private
SectorGrade
Student or school characteristic
12th11th10th9th8th7th6thTotal0
5
10
15
25
20
Percent
Urban Sub-urban
Rural
Urbanicity
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DISCIPLINE,SAFETY,
AND SECURITYMEASURES
56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
SERIOUS DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS TAKEN BY PUBLIC SCHOOLS
About 46 percent of public schools (approximately 36,800 schools) took a serious disciplinary action against a student for specifi c offenses during the 2003–04 school year. Of those disciplinary actions, 74 percent were suspensions lasting 5 days or more, 5 percent were removals with no services (i.e., expulsions), and 21 percent were transfers to specialized schools.
Indicator
18
Removing a student from school because of behavior problems stemming from crime and
violence has a serious impact on the instruction of students. In the School Survey on Crime
and Safety, public school offi cials were asked to report the number of disciplinary actions
their schools took against students for specifi c offenses during the 2003–04 school year.
About 46 percent of public schools took at least one serious disciplinary action against
a student—including suspensions lasting 5 days or more, removals with no services (i.e.,
expulsions), and transfers to specialized schools—for specifi c offenses during the 2003–04
school year (table 18.1). The offenses included physical attacks or fi ghts; insubordination;
distribution, possession, or use of alcohol; distribution, possession, or use of illegal drugs;
use or possession of a weapon other than a fi rearm; and use or possession of a fi rearm or
explosive device. Altogether, about 655,700 serious disciplinary actions were taken against
students for these offenses in 2003–04. Of those actions, 74 percent were suspensions for 5
days or more, 5 percent were removals with no services, and 21 percent were transfers to
specialized schools (fi gure 18.1 and table 18.1).
Four percent of all public schools took one or more serious disciplinary actions in response
to students’ use or possession of a fi rearm or explosive device (fi gure 18.2 and table 18.1).
Students’ use or possession of weapons other than fi rearms resulted in at least one serious
disciplinary action in 17 percent of schools. Thirty-two percent of public schools took at
least one serious disciplinary action for a physical attack or fi ght, and 22 percent responded
to insubordination with a serious disciplinary action. Nine percent of all public schools took
one or more serious disciplinary actions for students’ distribution, possession, or use of al-
cohol, and 21 percent did so for the distribution, possession, or use of illegal drugs.
This indicator has been updated with 2003–04
data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 18.1
Miller 2003 revised
Figure 18.1. Percentage distribution of serious disciplinary actions taken by public schools for specifi c offenses, by type of action: 2003–04
Figure 18.2. Percentage of public schools that took a serious disciplinary action for specifi c offenses, by type of offense: 2003–04
Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
1 Physical attacks or fi ghts were defi ned for respondents as “an actual and intentional touching or striking of another person against his or her will, or the intentional causing of bodily harm to an individual.”2 Insubordination was defi ned for respondents as “a deliberate and inexcus-able defi ance of or refusal to obey a school rule, authority, or a reasonable order. It includes but is not limited to direct defi ance of school authority, failure to attend assigned detention or on-campus supervision, failure to re-spond to a call slip, and physical or verbal intimidation or abuse.”3 A weapon was defi ned for respondents as “any instrument or object used with the intent to threaten, injure, or kill. Includes look-alikes if they are used to threaten others.”4 A fi rearm or explosive device was defi ned for respondents as “any weapon that is designed to (or may readily be converted to) expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. This includes guns, bombs, grenades, mines, rockets,
missiles, pipe bombs, or similar devices designed to explode and capable of causing bodily harm or property damage.”NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about dis-cipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. Serious disci-plinary actions include removals with no continuing services for at least the remainder of the school year, transfers to specialized schools for disciplinary reasons, and out-of-school suspensions lasting 5 or more days, but less than the remainder of the school year. Respondents were instructed to respond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed otherwise. Population size is 80,500 public schools.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
1 A specialized school was defi ned for respondents as “a school that is spe-cifi cally for students who were referred for disciplinary reasons. The school may also have students who were referred for other reasons. The school may be at the same location as your school.”NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. Serious disciplinary actions include removals with no continuing services for at least the remainder of the school year, transfers to specialized schools for
disciplinary reasons, and out-of-school suspensions lasting 5 or more days, but less than the remainder of the school year. Respondents were instructed to respond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed otherwise. Population size is 80,500 public schools. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
Removals withno services forremainder ofschool year
Out-of-schoolsuspensionslasting 5 daysor more
Transfers tospecialized schools1
5%
21%
74%
Type of offense
0 10 20 30 40 50Percent
Use or possession of a firearm/explosive device4
Use or possession of a weapon other than a firearm3, 4
Distribution, possession, or use of alcohol
Insubordination2
Distribution, possession, or use of illegal drugs
17
4
21
9
22
32Physical attacks or fights1
58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
This indicator has been updated with 2003–04
data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 19.1
Appendix Bfor defi nitions of school levels and
urbanicity
U.S. Department of Education
2004
SAFETY AND SECURITY MEASURES TAKEN BY PUBLIC SCHOOLS
In the 2003–04 school year, 28 percent of primary schools, 42 percent of middle schools, and 60 percent of high schools used one or more security cameras to monitor the school.
Indicator
19
Public schools use a variety of practices and procedures intended to promote the safety of
students and staff. This indicator provides information on what types of safety and security
measures schools use and how frequently they use them. In the School Survey on Crime
and Safety, public school offi cials were asked about their school’s use of such measures and
procedures during the 2003–04 school year. Certain practices, such as locked or monitored
doors or gates, are intended to limit or control access to school campuses, while others,
such as metal detectors, security cameras, and drug sweeps, are intended to monitor or re-
strict students’ and visitors’ behavior on campus.
In the 2003–04 school year, some 83 percent of public schools controlled access to school
buildings by locking or monitoring doors during school hours, and 36 percent controlled
access to school grounds with locked or monitored gates (table 19.1). Nearly all public
schools required visitors to sign or check in when entering the school building (98 percent),
while few schools required either students or visitors to pass through metal detectors daily
(1 percent each).
The use of security measures varied by school level. Primary schools were generally less
likely than middle schools, and middle schools generally less likely than high schools, to
report using most of these measures. About 48 percent of public schools required faculty
and staff to wear badges or picture IDs, compared with 6 percent of schools that required
students to do so (3 percent of primary schools, 11 percent of middle schools, and 16 per-
cent of high schools; fi gure 19.1 and table 19.1). Six percent of public schools required
clear book bags or banned book bags altogether, but the use of this specifi c practice also
varied by school level, with 3 percent of primary schools, 13 percent of middle schools, and
9 percent of high schools using it. In the 2003–04 school year, some 28 percent of primary
schools, 42 percent of middle schools, and 60 percent of secondary schools used one or
more security cameras to monitor the school. About 13 percent of high schools reported
performing one or more random metal detector checks on students, 59 percent reported us-
ing one or more random dog sniffs to check for drugs, and 28 percent reported performing
one or more random sweeps for contraband, not including dog sniffs. In comparison, be-
tween 3 and 5 percent of primary schools reported using these security measures.
The use of these practices also varied by school size, location, and other school character-
istics. For example, in 2003–04, schools with enrollments of 1,000 students or more were
more likely than schools with smaller enrollments to use random dog sniffs to check for
drugs (40 vs. 16–21 percent), random sweeps for contraband (24 vs. 8–14 percent), and se-
curity cameras to monitor the school (55 vs. 26–37 percent; table 19.1).
Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 19.1. Percentage of public schools that used selected safety and security measures, by school level: 2003–04
! Interpret data with caution.‡ Reporting standards not met.1 For example, drugs or weapons.NOTE: Either school principals or the person most knowledgeable about dis-cipline issues at school completed the SSOCS questionnaire. Primary schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the highest grade is not higher than grade 8. Middle schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the high-
est grade is not higher than grade 9. High schools are defi ned as schools in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9. Combined schools include all other combinations of grades, including K–12 schools. Respondents were instructed to respond only for those times that were during normal school hours or when school activities or events were in session, unless the survey specifi ed otherwise. Population size is 80,500 public schools.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Sta-tistics, School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS), 2004.
Measure
0 20 40 60 80 100
Percent
PrimaryTotal
High schoolCombined
Middle
Require faculty andstaff to wear badges
or picture IDs
Require students to wearbadges or picture IDs
Use one or moresecurity cameras tomonitor the school
Require clear book bagsor ban book bags
on school grounds
Perform one or more randomsweeps for contraband1
not including dog sniffs
Use one or morerandom dog sniffsto check for drugs
Perform one or morerandom metal detector
checks on students
6
21
3
5
10
40
13
59
‡
44
135
2428
23
63
1399!
3628
4260
39
63
1116
7
4852
5041
27
60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
This indicator has been updated
to include 2005 data.
• • •
For more information:
Table 20.1
Addington et al. 2002
STUDENTS’ REPORTS OF SAFETY AND SECURITY MEASURES OBSERVED AT SCHOOL
The percentage of students who observed the use of security cameras at their schools increased from 39 to 58 percent between 2001 and 2005.
Indicator
20
Schools use a variety of measures to promote the safety of students, ranging from codes of
student conduct to metal detectors. However, research suggests that aggressive use of some
security measures in schools can alienate students, increase distrust and misbehavior among
students, and disrupt the school environment by interfering with learning (Beger 2003). In
the School Crime Supplement27 to the National Crime Victimization Survey, students ages
12–18 were asked whether their school used certain security measures.28 Security measures
include metal detectors, locker checks, security cameras, security guards or police offi cers,
adult supervision in hallways, badges or picture identifi cation for students, a code of student
conduct, locked entrance or exit doors during the day, and a requirement that visitors sign
in. In 2005, nearly all (99 percent) students ages 12–18 observed the use of at least one of
the selected security measures at their school (table 20.1).
In 2005, the vast majority of students ages 12–18 reported that their school had a student
code of conduct (95 percent) and a requirement that visitors sign in (93 percent; fi gure 20.1
and table 20.1). Ninety percent of students reported observing school staff or other adult
supervision in the hallway, and 68 percent reported the presence of security guards and/or
assigned police offi cers. Between 53 and 58 percent of students reported locker checks,
locked entrance or exit doors during the day, and security cameras at their schools. One-
quarter of students reported that badges or picture identifi cation were required. Metal de-
tectors were the least observed of the selected safety and security measures: 11 percent of
students reported the use of metal detectors at their school.
The percentage of students reporting the presence of many of the selected security measures
increased between 2001 and 2005 (fi gure 20.1 and table 20.1). For example, the percentage
of students who observed the use of security cameras at their schools increased from 39 to
58 percent during this period, and the percentage who reported that stude ts were required
to wear badges or picture identifi cation increased from 21 to 25 percent. Between 1999 and
2005, there was also an increase in the percentage of students observing locked entrance or
exit doors during the day (from 38 to 54 percent), the percentage reporting a visitor sign-in
requirement (from 87 to 93 percent), and the percentage reporting the presence of security
guards and/or assigned police offi cers (from 54 to 68 percent). No differences were detected
in the percentage of students reporting locker checks or a code of student conduct in their
schools across all survey years.
27 In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see appendix A.28 Readers should note that this indicator relies on student reports of security measures and provides estimates based on students’ awareness of the measure rather than on documented practice. See Indicator 19 for a sum-mary of the use of various security measures as reported by schools.
Discipline, Safety, and Security Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Figure 20.1. Percentage of students ages 12–18 who reported selected security measures at school: Various years, 1999–2005
1 Data for 1999 are not available.NOTE: “At school” includes the school building, on school property, on a school bus, and, from 2001 onward, going to and from school. In 2005, the unit response rate for this survey did not meet NCES statistical standards; therefore, interpret the data with caution. For more information, please see
appendix A. Population sizes for students ages 12–18 are 24,614,000 in 1999; 24,315,000 in 2001; 25,684,000 in 2003; and 25,811,000 in 2005.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, various years, 1999–2005.
Measure
0 20 40 60 80 100
Percent
20011999
20052003
A requirement thatvisitors sign in
Locked entrance or exitdoors during the day
A code of student conduct1
A requirement thatstudents wear badges
or picture identification1
Other school staff orother adult supervision
in the hallway
Security guards and/orassigned police officers
One or more securitycameras to monitor
the school1
Locker checks
Metal detectors
54
39
64
48
70
58
68
85889190
212325
991011
53545353
959595
3849
5354
87909293
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SUPPLEMENTALTABLES
68 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 1.
1.—
Num
ber
of s
choo
l-as
soci
ated
vio
lent
dea
ths,
hom
icid
es, a
nd s
uici
des
of y
outh
age
s 5–
18, b
y lo
cati
on: 1
992–
2005
Tota
l stu
dent
,
staf
f, an
d no
nstu
dent
scho
ol-a
ssoc
iate
dH
omic
ides
Tota
lSu
icid
esTo
tal
Yea
rvi
olen
t dea
ths1
at s
choo
l2ho
mic
ides
3at
sch
ool2
suic
ides
4
1992
–93
5734
2,68
96
1,68
0
1993
–94
4829
2,87
97
1,72
3
1994
–95
4828
2,65
47
1,76
7
1995
–96
5332
2,51
26
1,72
5
1996
–97
4828
2,18
91
1,63
3
1997
–98
5734
2,05
66
1,62
6
1998
–99
4733
1,76
24
1,59
7
1999
–200
0536
131,
537
81,
415
2000
–015
3011
1,46
64
1,49
3
2001
–025
4016
1,46
86
1,40
0
2002
–035
3518
1,51
59
1,33
1
2003
–045
3519
1,43
73
1,28
520
04–0
5548
21—
7—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
1 Sc
hool
-ass
ocia
ted
viol
ent d
eath
s in
clud
e a
hom
icid
e, s
uici
de, l
egal
inte
rven
tion
(invo
lvin
g a
law
enf
orce
men
t offi
cer)
, or
unin
tent
iona
l fir
earm
-rel
ated
dea
th in
whi
ch th
e fa
tal i
njur
y
occu
rred
on
the
cam
pus
of a
func
tioni
ng e
lem
enta
ry o
r se
cond
ary
scho
ol in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es, w
hile
the
vict
im w
as o
n th
e w
ay to
or
from
reg
ular
ses
sion
s at
sch
ool o
r w
hile
the
vict
im w
as
atte
ndin
g or
trav
elin
g to
or
from
an
offic
ial s
choo
l-sp
onso
red
even
t. V
ictim
s in
clud
e st
uden
ts, s
taff
mem
bers
, and
oth
ers
who
are
not
stu
dent
s, fr
om Ju
ly 1
, 199
2, th
roug
h Ju
ne 3
0, 2
005.
2 Y
outh
age
s 5–
18 fr
om Ju
ly 1
, 199
2, th
roug
h Ju
ne 3
0, 2
005.
3 Y
outh
age
s 5–
18 fr
om Ju
ly 1
, 199
2, th
roug
h Ju
ne 3
0, 2
004.
4 Y
outh
age
s 5–
18 in
the
cale
ndar
yea
r fr
om 1
992
to 2
003.
5 D
ata
are
prel
imin
ary
and
subj
ect t
o ch
ange
.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n th
e w
ay to
or
from
reg
ular
ses
sion
s at
sch
ool,
and
whi
le a
ttend
ing
or tr
avel
ing
to o
r fr
om a
sch
ool-
spon
sore
d ev
ent.
SOU
RC
E: D
ata
on h
omic
ides
and
sui
cide
s of
you
th a
ges
5–18
at s
choo
l and
tota
l sch
ool-
asso
ciat
ed v
iole
nt d
eath
s ar
e fr
om th
e C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n (C
DC
), 19
92–2
005
Scho
ol-A
ssoc
iate
d V
iole
nt D
eath
s Su
rvei
llanc
e St
udy
(SA
VD
), pa
rtia
lly fu
nded
by
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, O
ffice
of S
afe
and
Dru
g-Fr
ee S
choo
ls, p
revi
ousl
y un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion
(May
200
6); d
ata
on to
tal s
uici
des
of y
outh
age
s 5–
18 a
re fr
om th
e C
DC
, Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Inju
ry P
reve
ntio
n an
d C
ontr
ol, W
eb-b
ased
Inju
ry S
tatis
tics
Que
ry a
nd
Rep
ortin
g Sy
stem
Fat
al (W
ISQ
AR
S™ F
atal
) 199
9–20
03, r
etri
eved
July
200
6 fr
om h
ttp://
ww
w.c
dc.g
ov/n
cipc
/wis
qars
; and
dat
a on
tota
l hom
icid
es o
f you
th a
ges
5–18
for
the
1992
–93
thro
ugh
2003
–04
scho
ol y
ears
are
from
the
Supp
lem
enta
ry H
omic
ide
Rep
orts
(SH
R) c
olle
cted
by
the
Fede
ral B
urea
u of
Inve
stig
atio
n an
d ta
bula
ted
by th
e B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, p
relim
inar
y da
ta (J
uly
2006
).
Hom
icid
es o
f you
th a
ges
5–18
Suic
ides
of y
outh
age
s 5–
18
Tabl
e 1.
1.
Num
ber
of s
choo
l-as
soci
ated
vio
lent
dea
ths,
hom
icid
es, a
nd s
uici
des
of y
outh
age
s 5–
18, b
y lo
cati
on: 1
992–
2005
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Tabl
e 1.
2.—
Num
ber
of s
choo
l-as
soci
ated
vio
lent
dea
ths
of s
tude
nts,
sta
ff, a
nd n
onst
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe: 1
992–
2005
Lega
lU
nint
entio
nal
Yea
rTo
tal1
Hom
icid
esSu
icid
esin
terv
entio
nsde
aths
1992
–93
5747
100
0
1993
–94
4838
100
0
1994
–95
4839
81
0
1995
–96
5346
61
0
1996
–97
4845
21
0
1997
–98
5747
91
0
1998
–99
4738
62
1
1999
–200
0236
2411
01
2000
–012
3024
51
0
2001
–022
4028
101
1
2002
–032
3525
100
0
2003
–042
3530
50
020
04–0
5248
379
20
1 Sc
hool
-ass
ocia
ted
viol
ent d
eath
s in
clud
e a
hom
icid
e, s
uici
de, l
egal
inte
rven
tion
(invo
lvin
g a
law
enf
orce
men
t offi
cer)
, or
unin
tent
iona
l fir
earm
-rel
ated
dea
th in
whi
ch th
e fa
tal i
njur
y
occu
rred
on
the
cam
pus
of a
func
tioni
ng e
lem
enta
ry o
r se
cond
ary
scho
ol in
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es, w
hile
the
vict
im w
as o
n th
e w
ay to
or
from
reg
ular
ses
sion
s at
sch
ool o
r w
hile
the
vict
im w
as
atte
ndin
g or
trav
elin
g to
or
from
an
offic
ial s
choo
l-sp
onso
red
even
t. V
ictim
s in
clud
e st
uden
ts, s
taff
mem
bers
, and
oth
ers
who
are
not
stu
dent
s, fr
om Ju
ly 1
, 199
2, th
roug
h Ju
ne 3
0, 2
005.
2 D
ata
are
prel
imin
ary
and
subj
ect t
o ch
ange
.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n th
e w
ay to
or
from
reg
ular
ses
sion
s at
sch
ool,
and
whi
le a
ttend
ing
or tr
avel
ing
to o
r fr
om a
sch
ool-
spon
sore
d ev
ent.
SOU
RC
E: C
ent e
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n (C
DC
), 19
92–2
005
Scho
ol-A
ssoc
iate
d V
iole
nt D
eath
s Su
rvei
llanc
e St
udy
(SA
VD
), pa
rtia
lly fu
nded
by
the
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Ed
ucat
ion,
Offi
ce o
f Saf
e an
d D
rug-
Free
Sch
ools
, pre
viou
sly
unpu
blis
hed
tabu
latio
n (M
ay 2
006)
.
Tabl
e 1.
2.
Num
ber
of s
choo
l-as
soci
ated
vio
lent
dea
ths
of s
tude
nts,
sta
ff, a
nd n
onst
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe: 1
992–
2005
70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 2.
1.—
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
and
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
loca
tion
and
yea
r:
Tabl
e 2.
1.—
1992
–200
4
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
Yea
rTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1To
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1
At
scho
ol
1992
3,40
9,20
02,
260,
500
1,14
8,60
024
5,40
014
495
4810
1993
3,79
5,20
02,
357,
000
1,43
8,20
030
6,70
015
596
5912
1994
3,79
5,50
02,
371,
500
1,42
4,00
032
2,40
015
094
5613
1995
3,46
7,90
02,
177,
900
1,29
0,00
022
2,50
013
585
509
1996
3,16
3,00
02,
028,
700
1,13
4,40
022
5,40
012
178
439
1997
2,72
1,20
01,
666,
000
1,05
5,20
020
1,80
010
263
408
1998
2,71
5,60
01,
562,
300
1,15
3,20
025
2,70
010
158
439
1999
2,48
9,70
01,
605,
500
884,
100
185,
600
9259
337
2000
1,94
6,40
01,
246,
600
699,
800
128,
400
7246
265
2001
2,00
1,30
01,
237,
600
763,
700
160,
900
7345
286
2002
1,75
3,60
01,
095,
000
658,
600
88,1
0064
4024
320
031,
930,
100
1,19
1,40
073
8,70
015
4,20
073
4528
620
041,
445,
800
863,
000
582,
800
107,
400
5533
224
Aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l
1992
3,28
6,80
01,
607,
600
1,67
9,20
075
0,20
013
868
7132
1993
3,41
9,70
01,
691,
800
1,72
8,00
084
9,50
013
969
7035
1 994
3,25
8,10
01,
521,
700
1,73
6,40
083
2,70
012
960
6933
1995
3,05
8,30
01,
561,
800
1,49
6,50
059
9,00
011
961
5823
1996
3,05
0,60
01,
622,
900
1,42
7,70
067
0,60
011
762
5526
1997
3,10
7,30
01,
551,
600
1,55
5,80
063
5,90
011
758
5924
1998
2,53
4,50
01,
236,
400
1,29
8,10
055
0,20
095
4648
2119
992,
106,
600
1,04
8,20
01,
058,
300
476,
400
7839
3918
2000
2,01
1,80
01,
091,
000
920,
800
373,
100
7440
3414
2001
1,67
0,50
091
2,90
075
7,50
029
0,30
061
3328
1120
021,
510,
400
790,
100
720,
300
309,
200
5529
2611
2003
1,59
2,60
074
6,20
084
6,40
032
5,00
060
2832
1220
041,
262,
200
706,
400
555,
800
228,
600
4827
219
1 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
are
als
o in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
cri
mes
.
NO
TE: S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd s
impl
e as
saul
t. To
tal c
rim
es in
clud
e vi
olen
t cr
imes
and
thef
t. “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
insi
de th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
r on
the
way
to o
r fr
om s
choo
l. Po
pula
tion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,740
,000
in 1
992;
24
,558
,000
in 1
993;
25,
327,
000
in 1
994;
25,
715,
000
in 1
995;
26,
151,
000
in 1
996;
26,
548,
000
in 1
997;
26,
806,
000
in 1
998;
27,
013,
000
in 1
999;
27,
169,
000
in 2
000;
27,
380,
000
in
20
01; 2
7,36
7,00
0 in
200
2; 2
6,38
6,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 2
6,37
2,00
0 in
200
4. D
etai
l may
not
sum
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
Est
imat
es o
f num
ber
of c
rim
es a
re r
ound
ed to
the
near
est 1
00.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey (N
CV
S), 1
992–
2004
.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e 2.
1.
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
and
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
loca
tion
and
yea
r:
19
92–2
004
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Tabl
e 2.
2.—
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
at
scho
ol a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed
Tabl
e 2.
2.—
stud
ent
char
acte
rist
ics:
200
4
Stud
ent
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1To
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1
At
scho
ol
To
tal
1,44
5,80
086
3,00
058
2,80
010
7,40
055
3322
4
Sex
Mal
e77
6,80
041
6,40
036
0,40
058
,800
5731
274
Fem
ale
669,
000
446,
600
222,
400
48,7
0052
3517
4
Age
12–
1481
2,20
043
3,20
037
9,00
065
,000
6434
305
15–
1863
3,60
042
9,80
020
3,80
042
,400
!46
3115
3!
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te95
1,70
055
0,00
040
1,70
077
,800
6035
255
Bla
ck23
6,60
013
2,40
010
4,20
017
,300
!60
3426
4!
His
pani
c19
4,90
013
3,70
061
,200
‡39
2712
‡ O
ther
62,6
0046
,900
15,7
00!
‡38
2910
!‡
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
443,
600
239,
700
203,
900
41,4
00!
6233
286
! S
ubur
ban
745,
600
488,
800
256,
800
55,2
0051
3317
4 R
ural
256,
600
134,
500
122,
100
‡57
3027
‡
Hou
seho
ld in
com
e L
ess
than
$15
,000
103,
900
37,5
0066
,400
‡45
1629
‡ $
15,0
00–2
9,99
915
4,40
077
,400
77,0
00‡
4121
21‡
$30
,000
–49,
999
238,
100
152,
500
85,6
00‡
5032
18‡
$50
,000
–74,
999
346,
000
178,
900
167,
000
33,4
00!
8444
418
! $
75,0
00 o
r m
ore
397,
200
281,
700
115,
500
26,8
00!
6244
184
!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡
Rep
ortin
g st
anda
rds
not m
et.
1 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
are
als
o in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
cri
mes
.2 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
and
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
. Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of
thei
r ra
ce.
NO
TE: S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd s
impl
e as
saul
t. To
tal c
rim
es in
clud
e vi
olen
t cr
imes
and
thef
t . “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
insi
de th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
r on
the
way
to o
r fr
om s
choo
l. Po
pula
tion
size
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
is 2
6,37
2,00
0 in
200
4.
Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g an
d m
issi
n g d
ata
on s
tude
nt c
hara
cter
istic
s. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
cri
mes
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 100
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
(NC
VS)
, 200
4.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e 2.
2.
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
at
scho
ol a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed
stud
ent
char
acte
rist
ics:
200
4
72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 2.
3.—
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l and
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
Tabl
e 2.
3.—
sele
cted
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
4
Stud
ent
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1To
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1
Aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l
To
tal
1,26
2,20
070
6,40
055
5,80
022
8,60
048
2721
9
Sex
Mal
e70
6,20
038
1,00
032
5,10
015
2,40
052
2824
11 F
emal
e55
6,00
032
5,30
023
0,70
076
,200
4325
186
Age
12–
1442
6,30
022
9,30
019
7,00
086
,800
3418
167
15–
1883
5,90
047
7,00
035
8,90
014
1,80
061
3526
10
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te82
3,80
047
9,10
034
4,70
013
3,20
052
3022
8 B
lack
226,
500
83,8
0014
2,70
076
,800
5721
3619
His
pani
c14
8,60
010
7,10
041
,400
!‡
3022
8!
‡ O
ther
63,3
0036
,400
27,0
00!
‡39
2217
!‡
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
355,
600
156,
500
199,
100
93,7
0049
2228
13 S
ubur
ban
635,
700
369,
700
266,
100
93,3
0043
2518
6 R
ural
270,
800
180,
200
90,7
0041
,600
!60
4020
9!
Hou
seho
ld in
com
e L
ess
than
$15
,000
102,
700
52,3
0050
,400
29,1
00!
4523
2213
! $
15,0
00–2
9,99
933
7,90
016
9,00
016
9,00
057
,400
9145
4515
$30
,000
–49,
999
76,7
0043
,300
33,3
00!
15,1
00!
169
7!
3!
$50
,000
–74,
999
302,
100
160,
800
141,
300
58,6
0074
3935
14 $
75,0
00 o
r m
ore
201,
000
146,
500
54,4
0017
,300
!32
239
3!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡
Rep
ortin
g st
anda
rds
not m
et.
1 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
are
als
o in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
cri
mes
.2 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
and
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
. Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of
thei
r ra
ce.
NO
TE: S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd s
impl
e as
saul
t. To
tal c
rim
es in
clud
e vi
olen
t cr
imes
and
thef
t . Po
pula
tion
size
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
is 2
6,37
2,00
0 in
200
4. D
etai
l may
not
sum
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing
and
mis
sing
dat
a on
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics.
Est
imat
es o
f nu
mbe
r of
cri
mes
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 100
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
(NC
VS)
, 200
4.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e 2.
3.
Num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
aw
ay f
rom
sch
ool a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y
sele
cted
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
4
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Tabl
e 3.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d cr
imin
al v
icti
miz
atio
n at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
type
of v
icti
miz
atio
n
Tabl
e 3.
1.—
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
Stud
ent
or s
choo
lSe
riou
sSe
riou
sSe
riou
s
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1To
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1To
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t1
To
tal
9.5
7.1
3.0
0.7
7.6
5.7
2.3
0.5
5.5
4.2
1.8
0.4
Sex
Mal
e10
.07.
13.
50.
97.
85.
72.
50.
66.
14.
52.
10.
5 F
emal
e9.
07.
12.
40.
47.
35.
72.
00.
54.
93.
81.
50.
4!
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te9.
87.
43.
00.
67.
55.
82.
10.
45.
84.
22.
00.
4 B
lack
10.2
7.1
3.4
1.0
!9.
97.
43.
51.
26.
15.
01.
3!
0.5
! H
ispa
nic
7.6
5.8
2.7
0.9
!5.
73.
91.
90.
6!
4.6
3.7
1.5
0.8
! O
ther
8.8
6.5
2.5
!‡
6.4
4.4
2.2
!#
3.1
2.9
‡#
Gra
de 6
th9.
65.
45.
11.
58.
05.
23.
81.
3!
5.9
4.0
2.6
‡ 7
th11
.28.
13.
80.
98.
26.
02.
60.
9!
5.8
3.4
2.6
0.6
! 8
th10
.57.
93.
10.
8!
7.6
5.9
2.4
0.5
!4.
33.
31.
30.
3!
9th
11.9
9.1
3.4
0.7
!8.
96.
53.
20.
6!
7.9
6.2
2.4
0.8
! 1
0th
9.1
7.7
2.1
0.4
!8.
06.
51.
7‡
6.5
5.7
1.2
0.4
! 1
1th
7.3
5.5
1.9
0.4
!7.
25.
51.
8!
‡4.
83.
81.
6‡
12t
h6.
14.
61.
9‡
4.8
4.0
0.8
!‡
2.9
2.3
0.9
!‡
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
9.3
6.6
3.3
1.3
8.4
6.9
2.3
0.7
5.9
4.5
1.7
0.5
Sub
urba
n10
.37.
63.
50.
67.
65.
42.
40.
55.
74.
31.
70.
4 R
ural
8.3
6.8
1.8
0.3
!6.
45.
01.
90.
4!
4.7
3.4
2.0
!0.
5!
Sect
or P
ublic
9.8
7.3
3.1
0.7
7.9
5.9
2.5
0.6
5.7
4.4
1.9
0.5
Pri
vate
6.6
5.2
1.7
‡4.
54.
3‡
#3.
42.
51.
0!
#
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
1995
1999
2001
Tabl
e 3.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
crim
inal
vic
tim
izat
ion
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y ty
pe o
f vi
ctim
izat
ion
an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 3.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d cr
imin
al v
icti
miz
atio
n at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
type
of v
icti
miz
atio
n
Tabl
e 3.
1.—
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05—
Con
tinu
ed
Stud
ent
or s
choo
lSe
riou
sSe
riou
sch
arac
teri
stic
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent1
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent1
To
tal
5.1
4.0
1.3
0.2
4.2
3.1
1.2
0.3
Sex
Mal
e5.
44.
01.
80.
3!
4.5
3.0
1.6
0.3
! F
emal
e4.
84.
10.
9‡
3.9
3.2
0.7
0.3
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te5.
44.
31.
40.
2!
4.6
3.4
1.3
0.3
! B
lack
5.3
4.0
1.6
‡3.
92.
71.
3!
‡ H
ispa
nic
3.9
3.0
1.1
0.4
!3.
83.
00.
90.
4!
Oth
er5.
04.
4‡
‡2.
2!
1.6
!‡
#
Gra
de 6
th3.
82.
21.
9#
4.6
2.8
1.8
‡ 7
th6.
34.
81.
7‡
5.2
2.8
2.6
‡ 8
th5.
24.
11.
50.
3!
3.6
2.4
1.4
‡ 9
th6.
35.
31.
50.
6!
4.6
3.7
1.0
!‡
10t
h4.
83.
71.
4#
4.1
3.6
0.5
!‡
11t
h5.
14.
11.
0!
‡3.
62.
90.
7!
‡ 1
2th
3.6
3.1
0.5
!#
3.6
3.3
‡‡
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
6.1
4.5
1.8
0.4
!5.
23.
51.
80.
4!
Sub
urba
n4.
83.
81.
20.
1!
4.2
3.2
1.1
0.3
! R
ural
4.7
3.9
0.9
!‡
2.8
2.2
!0.
6!
‡
Sect
or P
ublic
5.2
4.0
1.4
0.2
4.3
3.2
1.2
0.3
Pri
vate
4.9
4.0
0.9
!#
2.6
1.3
!1.
3!
‡
# N
o ca
ses
are
r epo
rted
, alth
ough
the
even
t def
ined
cou
ld h
ave
been
rep
orte
d by
som
e st
uden
ts w
ith th
ese
char
acte
rist
ics
had
a di
ffere
nt s
ampl
e be
en d
raw
n.!
Inte
rpre
t dat
a w
ith c
autio
n.‡
Rep
ortin
g st
anda
rds
not m
et.
1 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
are
als
o in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
cri
mes
.2 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, fro
m 2
003
onw
ard,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s m
ore
than
one
rac
e w
ere
incl
uded
in th
e O
ther
cat
egor
y. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce. D
ue to
ch
ange
s in
rac
ial/e
thni
c ca
tego
ries
, com
pari
sons
of r
ace/
ethn
icity
acr
oss
year
s sh
ould
be
mad
e w
ith c
autio
n.N
OTE
: The
ft in
clud
es p
urse
sna
tchi
ng, p
ick
pock
etin
g, a
ll bu
rgla
ries
, atte
mpt
ed fo
rcib
le e
ntry
, and
all
atte
mpt
ed a
nd c
ompl
eted
thef
ts e
xcep
t mot
or v
ehic
le th
efts
. The
ft do
es n
ot in
clud
e ro
bber
y in
whi
ch th
reat
or
use
of fo
rce
is in
volv
ed. S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd
sim
ple
assa
ult.
Tota
l cri
mes
incl
ude
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd th
eft.
“At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, a
nd, f
rom
200
1 on
war
d, g
oing
to a
nd fr
om
scho
ol. I
n 20
05, t
he u
nit r
espo
nse
rate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Po
pula
tion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
2003
2005
Tabl
e 3.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
crim
inal
vic
tim
izat
ion
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y ty
pe o
f vi
ctim
izat
ion
an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
—C
onti
nued
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Tabl
e 4.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
Tabl
e 4.
1.—
12 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
ch
arac
teri
stic
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
To
tal
7.3
8.4
7.4
7.7
8.9
9.2
7.9
Sex
Mal
e9.
210
.910
.29.
511
.511
.69.
7 F
emal
e5.
45.
84.
05.
86.
56.
56.
1
Rac
e/et
hnic
it y1
Whi
te6.
37.
06.
26.
68.
57.
87.
2 B
lack
11.2
11.0
9.9
7.6
9.3
10.9
8.1
His
pani
c8.
612
.49.
09.
88.
99.
49.
8 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )7.
711
.311
.54.
6 A
mer
ican
Indi
an11
.711
.4!
12.5
!13
.2!
15.2
!22
.19.
8 P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
15.6
24.8
16.3
14.5
! M
ore
than
one
rac
e(2 )
(2 )(2 )
9.3
10.3
18.7
10.7
Gra
de 9
th9.
49.
610
.110
.512
.712
.110
.5 1
0th
7.3
9.6
7.9
8.2
9.1
9.2
8.8
11t
h7.
37.
75.
96.
16.
97.
35.
5 1
2th
5.5
6.7
5.8
5.1
5.3
6.3
5.8
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
8.7
8.0
9.2
10.6
— S
ubur
ban
——
7.0
7.4
9.0
8.8
— R
ural
——
5.6
!8.
38.
18.
2—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
fic
Isla
nder
stu
dent
s w
ere
not c
ateg
oriz
ed s
epar
atel
y an
d st
uden
ts w
ere
not g
iven
the
optio
n of
cho
osin
g m
ore
than
one
rac
e.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gr
ades
9–1
2 ar
e 13
,093
,000
stu
dent
s in
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Tabl
e 4.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 4.
2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
Tabl
e 4.
2.—
12 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es9.
27.
9
Ala
bam
a7.
210
.6M
onta
na7.
18.
0A
lask
a8.
1—
N
ebra
ska
8.8
9.7
Ari
zona
9.2
10.7
Nev
ada
6.0
8.1
Ark
ansa
s—
9.6
New
Ham
pshi
re7.
58.
6C
alifo
rnia
——
N
ew Je
rsey
—8.
0C
olor
ado
—7.
6N
ew M
exic
o—
10.4
Con
nect
icut
—9.
1N
ew Y
ork
7.2
7.2
Del
awar
e7.
76.
2N
orth
Car
olin
a7.
27.
9D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a12
.712
.1N
orth
Dak
ota
5.9
6.6
Flor
ida
8.4
7.9
Ohi
o7.
78.
2G
eorg
ia8.
28.
3O
klah
oma
7.4
6.0
Haw
aii
—6.
9O
rego
n—
—
Idah
o9.
48.
3Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia—
—
Illin
ois
——
R
hode
Isla
nd8.
28.
7In
dian
a6.
78.
8So
uth
Car
olin
a—
10.1
Iow
a—
7.8
Sout
h D
akot
a6.
58.
1K
ansa
s—
7.4
Tenn
esse
e8.
47.
4K
entu
cky
5.3
8.0
Texa
s—
9.3
Loui
sian
a—
—
Uta
h7.
39.
8M
aine
8.5
7.1
Ver
mon
t7.
36.
3M
aryl
and
—11
.7V
irgi
nia
——
M
assa
chus
etts
6.3
5.4
Was
hing
ton
——
M
ichi
gan
9.7
8.6
Wes
t Vir
gini
a8.
58.
0M
inne
sota
——
W
isco
nsin
5.5
7.6
Mis
siss
ippi
6.6
—
Wyo
min
g9.
77.
8M
isso
uri
7.5
9.1
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Tabl
e 4.
2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 2
003
and
2005
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Tabl
e 5.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
Tabl
e 5.
1.—
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
1993
–94
1999
–200
0
Urb
anU
rban
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rur a
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
11.7
15.2
10.7
9.8
342,
100
132,
600
99,8
0010
9,60
08.
811
.47.
58.
330
5,20
011
6,30
012
7,80
061
,100
Sex
Mal
e14
.719
.514
.011
.811
5,90
045
,100
33,8
0037
,000
11.0
14.7
9.5
9.7
95,2
0036
,600
39,5
0019
,100
Fem
ale
10.6
13.6
9.5
9.0
226,
200
87,6
0066
,000
72,6
008.
110
.36.
97.
821
0,00
079
,700
88,3
0042
,000
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te11
.515
.410
.59.
829
5,10
010
4,50
088
,400
102,
300
8.6
11.2
7.5
8.2
252,
600
85,4
0011
2,30
054
,900
Bla
ck12
.013
.112
.68.
523
,800
14,6
005,
500
3,70
011
.614
.27.
511
.328
,300
18,7
006,
000
3,60
0 H
ispa
nic
13.2
15.4
10.6
10.2
15,9
0010
,200
3,40
02,
300
9.1
9.5
8.7
8.0
17,2
009,
100
6,70
01,
400
! O
ther
13.5
17.2
13.0
9.4
7,30
03,
300
2,50
01,
400
8.4
9.0
7.6
8.7
7,10
03,
100
2,70
01,
200
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el2
Ele
men
tary
8.7
11.8
7.4
7.3
134,
500
56,7
0036
,100
41,7
008.
010
.06.
68.
014
8,30
057
,800
60,5
0030
,000
Sec
onda
ry15
.019
.314
.212
.520
7,50
075
,900
63,7
0067
,900
9.9
13.2
8.6
8.6
157,
000
58,5
0067
,300
31,2
00
Sect
or
Pub
lic3
12.8
17.9
11.6
10.2
326,
300
127,
300
92,8
0010
6,20
09.
613
.57.
98.
728
7,70
010
9,30
011
9,40
059
,000
Pri
vate
4.2
3.3
5.0
4.6
15,7
005,
300
7,00
03,
400
3.9
3.3
4.5
4.1
17,5
007,
000
8,40
02,
100
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e 5.
1.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
gp
pp
yj
yy
Tabl
e 5.
1.—
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Tabl
e 5.
1.—
—C
onti
nued
2003
–04
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
6.8
10.0
5.8
4.6
253,
100
111,
100
111,
100
30,9
00
Sex
Mal
e8.
513
.86.
65.
578
,500
37,1
0031
,900
9,40
0 F
emal
e6.
38.
85.
54.
317
4,50
073
,900
79,2
0021
,500
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te6.
49.
95.
54.
519
9,00
079
,500
92,6
0026
,900
Bla
ck11
.813
.610
.28.
432
,500
20,4
009,
600
2,60
0 H
ispa
nic
5.6
6.3
5.2
3.4
!12
,500
6,70
05,
100
700
Oth
er8.
710
.08.
55.
49,
100
4,50
03,
800
800
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el2
Ele
men
tary
5.8
8.0
5.1
3.9
113,
700
48,3
0052
,400
13,0
00 S
econ
dary
8.0
12.6
6.5
5.3
139,
400
62,8
0058
,700
17,9
00
Sect
or
Pub
lic3
7.5
11.6
6.2
4.8
242,
500
107,
000
105,
800
29,7
00 P
riva
te2.
32.
32.
32.
4!
10,6
004,
100
5,30
01,
200
!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, in
2003
–04,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
clas
sifie
d as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 El
emen
tary
sch
ools
are
def
ined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is le
ss th
an o
r eq
ual t
o gr
ade
6 an
d th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
less
than
or
equa
l to
grad
e 8.
Sec
onda
ry s
choo
ls a
re d
efin
ed
as s
choo
ls in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
gre
ater
than
or
equa
l to
grad
e 7.
3 Th
e pu
blic
sec
tor
incl
udes
pub
lic, p
ublic
cha
rter
, and
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
scho
ol te
ache
rs.
NO
TE: T
each
ers
who
taug
ht o
nly
prek
inde
rgar
ten
stud
ents
are
exc
lude
d. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
teac
hers
are
2,9
30,0
00 in
199
3–94
; 3,4
52,0
00 in
199
9–20
00; a
nd 3
,704
,000
in 2
003–
04.
Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
rep
orts
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 100
. Fig
ures
wer
e re
vise
d an
d m
ay d
iffer
from
pre
viou
sly
publ
ishe
d da
ta.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ools
and
Sta
ffing
Sur
vey
(SA
SS),
“Pub
lic S
choo
l Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd
2003
–04;
“Pr
ivat
e Sc
hool
Tea
cher
Qu e
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04; “
Cha
rter
Sch
ool Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
; and
“B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s Te
ache
r Q
uest
ionn
aire
,”
1999
–200
0 an
d 20
03–0
4.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e 5.
1.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
sc
hool
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
urba
nici
ty a
nd s
elec
ted
teac
her
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Tabl
e 5.
2.—
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
from
sch
ool
Tabl
e 5.
2.—
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
1993
–94
1999
–200
0
Urb
anU
rban
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rur a
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
4.1
5.5
4.0
3.1
120,
000
48,3
0037
,200
34,5
003.
95.
43.
43.
013
4,70
054
,900
57,9
0021
,900
Sex
Mal
e3.
95.
83.
62.
730
,800
13,5
008,
800
8,50
03.
65.
33.
31.
830
,600
13,2
0013
,800
3,50
0 F
emal
e4.
25.
44.
13.
289
,200
34,8
0028
,400
26,0
004.
05.
43.
43.
410
4,10
041
,700
44,1
0018
,300
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te4.
05.
63.
93.
110
3,40
038
,100
33,0
0032
,300
3.8
5.4
3.4
2.9
111,
600
40,8
0051
,000
19,8
00 B
lack
3.9
4.3
4.3
2.3
!7,
700
4,80
01,
900
1,00
0!
4.8
5.9
3.0
4.4
!11
,600
7,80
02,
400
1,40
0!
His
pani
c5.
16.
34.
32.
76,
200
4,20
01,
400
600
4.6
5.4
4.4
1.8
!8,
800
5,10
03,
400
300
! O
ther
5.1
6.4
5.0
!3.
62,
800
1,20
01,
000
!50
03.
23.
3!
3.2
2.7
2,70
01,
100
!1,
200
400
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el2
Ele
men
tary
4.9
6.5
4.7
3.9
76,2
0031
,300
22,6
0022
,300
5.5
7.2
4.9
4.2
102,
100
41,7
0044
,700
15,7
00 S
econ
dary
3.2
4.3
3.3
2.2
43,8
0017
,000
14,6
0012
,200
2.1
3.0
1.7
1.7
32,6
0013
,200
13,3
006,
100
Sect
or
Pub
lic3
4.4
6.3
4.2
3.1
111,
300
45,2
0033
,200
32,9
004.
26.
23.
53.
112
5,10
050
,700
53,2
0021
,300
Pri
vate
2.3
1.9
2.9
2.1
8,70
03,
100
4,00
01,
600
2.1
2.0
2.6
1.2
!9,
600
4,20
04,
800
600
!
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e 5.
2.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
fro
m s
choo
l
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
gp
pp
yp
yy
y
Tabl
e 5.
2.—
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Tabl
e 5.
2.—
—C
onti
nued
2003
–04
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
3.4
4.8
3.1
2.3
127,
500
53,0
0059
,300
15,3
00
Sex
Mal
e2.
64.
71.
81.
423
,600
12,5
008,
700
2,40
0 F
emal
e3.
74.
83.
52.
610
4,00
040
,500
50,6
0012
,900
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te3.
24.
63.
02.
310
0,50
036
,700
50,2
0013
,700
Bla
ck5.
57.
13.
5‡
15,1
0010
,600
3,30
0‡
His
pani
c3.
12.
7!
4.0
!‡
7,00
02,
900
!4,
000
!‡
Oth
er4.
86.
44.
0!
2.0
!5,
000
2,90
01,
800
!30
0!
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el2
Ele
men
tary
4.5
5.4
4.3
3.4
88,1
0032
,700
44,2
0011
,200
Sec
onda
ry2.
34.
11.
71.
239
,500
20,3
0015
,100
4,10
0
Sect
or
Pub
lic3
3.7
5.5
3.2
2.3
120,
000
50,5
0055
,100
14,5
00 P
riva
te1.
61.
4!
1.8
1.7
!7,
500
2,50
0!
4,20
080
0!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, in
2003
–04,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
clas
sifie
d as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 El
emen
tary
sch
ools
are
def
ined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is le
ss th
an o
r eq
ual t
o gr
ade
6 an
d th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
less
than
or
equa
l to
grad
e 8.
Sec
onda
ry s
choo
ls a
re d
efin
ed
as s
choo
ls in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
gre
ater
than
or
equa
l to
grad
e 7.
3 Th
e pu
blic
sec
tor
incl
udes
pub
lic, p
ublic
cha
rter
, and
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
scho
ol te
ache
rs.
NO
TE: T
each
ers
who
taug
ht o
nly
prek
inde
rgar
ten
stud
ents
are
exc
lude
d. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
teac
hers
are
2,9
30,0
00 in
199
3–94
; 3,4
52,0
00 in
199
9–20
00; a
nd 3
,704
,000
in 2
003–
04.
Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
rep
orts
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 100
. Fig
ures
wer
e re
vise
d an
d m
ay d
iffer
from
pre
viou
sly
publ
ishe
d da
ta.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ools
and
Sta
ffing
Sur
vey
(SA
SS),
“Pub
lic S
choo
l Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd
2003
–04;
“Pr
ivat
e Sc
hool
Tea
cher
Qu e
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04; “
Cha
rter
Sch
ool Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
; and
“B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s Te
ache
r Q
uest
ionn
aire
,”
1999
–200
0 an
d 20
03–0
4.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e 5.
2.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
fro
m s
choo
l
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
—C
onti
nued
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Tabl
e 5.
3.—
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g
Tabl
e 5.
3.—
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
Stat
e19
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
4St
ate
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
419
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
U
nite
d St
ates
12.8
9.6
7.5
326,
300
287,
700
242,
500
Ala
bam
a13
.38.
86.
16,
000
4,40
03,
100
Mon
tana
7.7
8.4
6.1
1,00
01,
000
800
Ala
ska
13.7
10.9
8.9
1,10
090
080
0N
ebra
ska
10.4
9.9
7.5
2,10
02,
300
1,90
0A
rizo
na13
.09.
56.
94,
900
4,70
03,
900
Nev
ada
13.2
11.6
7.3
1,70
02,
000
1,50
0A
rkan
sas
13.8
10.1
4.8
4,20
03,
100
1,80
0N
ew H
amps
hire
11.1
8.8
5.8
1,40
01,
300
1,00
0C
alifo
rnia
7.4
5.8
6.1
15,4
0016
,200
17,2
00N
ew Je
rsey
7.9
7.5
4.3
6,60
07,
400
4,90
0C
olor
ado
13.1
6.6
3.8
4,70
02,
800
1,90
0N
ew M
exic
o12
.810
.27.
82,
500
2,20
01,
700
Con
nect
icut
11.9
9.1
6.9
4,20
03,
800
3,10
0N
ew Y
ork
16.2
11.5
10.5
28,9
0023
,900
24,4
00D
elaw
are
18.7
11.4
7.7
1,30
090
060
0N
orth
Car
olin
a17
.112
.88.
712
,400
11,0
008,
300
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
24.4
22.3
18.0
1,20
01,
300
900
Nor
th D
akot
a5.
55.
75.
650
050
060
0Fl
orid
a20
.112
.211
.221
,400
15,8
0017
,600
Ohi
o15
.29.
66.
216
,900
11,8
008,
300
Geo
rgia
14.0
9.5
6.4
10,5
008,
400
6,50
0O
klah
oma
11.0
8.5
6.1
4,60
03,
900
2,80
0H
awai
i9.
99.
49.
11,
100
1,10
01,
200
Ore
gon
11.5
6.9
5.5
2,90
02,
000
1,60
0Id
aho
9.8
7.9
5.4
1,20
01,
100
800
Penn
sylv
ania
11.0
9.5
9.5
12,6
0012
,000
11,9
00Ill
inoi
s10
.88.
28.
012
,100
11,2
0011
,000
Rho
de Is
land
13.4
10.2
4.6
!1,
200
1,20
060
0!
Indi
ana
13.8
7.6
7.2
8,00
04,
600
4,50
0So
uth
Car
olin
a15
.311
.58.
66,
000
5,00
04,
000
Iow
a9.
410
.74.
93,
400
4,10
01,
900
Sout
h D
akot
a6.
57.
95.
370
090
060
0K
ansa
s10
.86.
03.
73,
400
2,00
01,
400
Tenn
esse
e12
.513
.36.
65,
900
7,70
04,
200
Ken
tuck
y14
.012
.67.
95,
800
5,40
03,
800
Texa
s12
.78.
97.
728
,300
23,8
0022
,200
Loui
sian
a17
.013
.49.
98,
300
6,80
05,
100
Uta
h11
.28.
15.
22,
200
1,90
01,
200
Mai
ne9.
011
.75.
21,
400
2,00
01,
000
Ver
mon
t12
.49.
94.
990
090
050
0M
aryl
and
19.9
10.7
13.5
8,70
05,
800
8,00
0V
irgi
nia
14.9
12.1
6.5
9,70
09,
800
6,00
0M
assa
chus
etts
10.8
11.3
6.4
6,30
08,
900
5,40
0W
ashi
ngto
n12
.810
.06.
86,
200
5,50
04,
300
Mic
higa
n10
.88.
09.
38,
900
8,00
09,
200
Wes
t Vir
gini
a11
.410
.07.
22,
400
2,30
01,
600
Min
neso
ta9.
69.
58.
24,
200
5,50
05,
000
Wis
cons
in13
.810
.14.
78,
600
6,80
03,
500
Mis
siss
ippi
13.4
11.1
5.5
4,00
03,
700
1,90
0W
yom
ing
9.0
6.7
3.8
!70
050
030
0!
Mis
sour
i12
.611
.38.
37,
800
7,20
06,
200
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
NO
TE: T
each
ers
who
taug
ht o
nly
prek
inde
rgar
ten
stud
ents
are
exc
lude
d. P
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s ar
e ex
clud
ed b
ecau
se th
e da
ta a
re n
ot s
tate
rep
rese
ntat
ive.
The
pub
lic s
ecto
r in
clud
es
publ
ic, p
ublic
cha
rter
, and
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
scho
ol te
ache
rs. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
teac
hers
are
2,9
30,0
00 in
199
3–94
; 3,4
52,0
00 in
199
9–20
00; a
nd 3
,704
,000
in 2
003–
04. D
etai
l m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
rep
orts
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 100
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
ls a
nd S
taffi
ng S
urve
y (S
ASS
), “P
ublic
Sch
ool T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
20
03–0
4; “
Cha
rter
Sch
ool Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
; and
“B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s Te
ache
r Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
and
200
3–04
.
Num
ber
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Tabl
e 5.
3.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 5.
4.—
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e
Tabl
e 5.
4.—
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
Stat
e19
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
4St
ate
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
419
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
U
nite
d St
ates
4.4
4.2
3.7
111,
300
125,
100
120,
000
Ala
bam
a3.
23.
82.
71,
400
1,90
01,
400
Mon
tana
2.7
2.7
1.9
300
300
200
Ala
ska
6.6
5.2
6.0
500
400
500
Neb
rask
a3.
63.
84.
170
090
01,
100
Ari
zona
3.6
4.5
2.6
1,30
02,
200
1,50
0N
evad
a4.
58.
13.
7!
600
1,40
070
0!
Ark
ansa
s3.
02.
52.
790
080
01,
000
New
Ham
pshi
re3.
04.
22.
8!
400
600
500
!C
alifo
rnia
2.9
2.5
2.0
6,00
06,
900
5,80
0N
ew Je
rsey
2.4
3.4
2.0
!2,
000
3,30
02,
200
!C
olor
ado
4.9
3.1
1.5
!1,
800
1,30
070
0!
New
Mex
ico
4.4
6.7
5.8
800
1,50
01,
300
Con
nect
icut
3.5
4.1
2.8
1,20
01,
700
1,20
0N
ew Y
ork
6.7
5.2
6.6
12,0
0010
,900
15,3
00D
elaw
are
7.1
5.3
3.1
!50
040
020
0!
Nor
th C
arol
ina
6.0
5.5
4.4
4,30
04,
800
4,20
0D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a8.
49.
15.
240
050
030
0N
orth
Dak
ota
2.9
2.1
2.3
200
200
200
Flor
ida
4.9
6.7
6.5
5,20
08,
600
10,2
00O
hio
3.6
2.9
2.5
!4,
000
3,50
03,
400
!G
eorg
ia3.
43.
64.
62,
500
3,10
04,
700
Okl
ahom
a3.
84.
43.
01,
600
2,00
01,
400
Haw
aii
2.9
3.2
5.4
300
400
700
Ore
gon
3.4
3.1
1.4
!90
090
040
0!
Idah
o4.
24.
42.
5!
500
600
400
!Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia3.
64.
54.
94,
100
!5,
700
6,20
0Ill
inoi
s4.
42.
72.
3!
4,90
03,
700
3,20
0!
Rho
de Is
land
4.2
4.8
2.4
!40
060
030
0!
Indi
ana
3.0
3.0
4.1
!1,
700
1,80
02,
600
!So
uth
Car
olin
a3.
85.
33.
21,
500
2,30
01,
500
Iow
a4.
33.
92.
41,
500
1,50
090
0S o
uth
Dak
ota
2.6
4.0
2.8
300
500
300
Kan
sas
3.8
2.9
3.3
1,20
01,
000
1,20
0Te
nnes
see
3.5
2.6
3.5
1,70
01,
500
2,20
0!
Ken
tuck
y3.
84.
52.
71,
600
1,90
01,
300
!Te
xas
4.0
4.8
3.9
9,00
012
,800
11,2
00Lo
uisi
ana
6.6
5.0
2.7
3,20
02,
600
1,40
0U
tah
7.0
2.6
4.1
1,40
060
01,
000
Mai
ne2.
46.
33.
3!
400
1,10
060
0!
Ver
mon
t8.
65.
3‡
600
500
‡
Mar
ylan
d8.
64.
66.
53,
800
2,50
03,
900
Vir
gini
a6.
94.
92.
7!
4,50
03,
900
2,50
0!
Mas
sach
uset
ts4.
74.
33.
92,
800
3,40
03,
200
Was
hing
ton
4.7
5.1
4.2
2,30
02,
800
2,60
0M
ichi
gan
6.5
3.8
4.9
5,30
03,
800
4,90
0W
est V
irgi
nia
3.0
3.4
3.2
600
800
700
Min
neso
ta4.
54.
53.
62,
000
2,60
02,
200
Wis
cons
in4.
04.
42.
32,
500
3,00
01,
700
!M
issi
ssip
pi4.
13.
70.
9!
1,20
01,
200
300
!W
yom
ing
2.7
2.5
‡20
020
0‡
Mis
sour
i3.
25.
65.
52,
000
3,60
04,
100
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.N
OTE
: Tea
cher
s w
ho ta
ught
onl
y pr
ekin
derg
arte
n st
uden
ts a
re e
xclu
ded.
Pri
vate
sch
ool t
each
ers
are
excl
ude d
bec
ause
the
data
are
not
sta
te r
epre
sent
ativ
e. T
he p
ublic
sec
tor
incl
udes
pu
blic
, pub
lic c
hart
er, a
nd B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s sc
hool
teac
hers
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r te
ache
rs a
re 2
,930
,000
in 1
993–
94; 3
,452
,000
in 1
999–
2000
; and
3,7
04,0
00 in
200
3–04
. Det
ail
may
not
sum
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
Est
imat
es o
f num
ber
of r
epor
ts a
re r
ound
ed to
the
near
est 1
00.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
E duc
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ools
and
Sta
ffing
Sur
vey
(SA
SS),
“Pub
lic S
choo
l Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd
2003
–04;
“C
hart
er S
choo
l Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00; a
nd “
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
Teac
her
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04.
Num
ber
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Tabl
e 5.
4.
Perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
fro
m s
choo
l dur
ing
the
pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Tabl
e 6.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
and
repo
rtin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
per
Tabl
e 6.
1.—
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe o
f cri
me:
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04
1999
–200
019
99–2
000
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t Pe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of10
00of
ofof
1000
Type
of c
rim
esc
hool
s sc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
ts
T
otal
86.4
88.5
2,13
3,20
045
.762
.565
.276
4,40
016
.4
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s171
.481
.41,
553,
300
33.3
36.0
43.6
387,
800
8.3
Phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ithou
t wea
pon
63.7
76.7
932,
100
20.0
25.8
35.6
249,
700
5.3
Thr
eat o
f atta
ck w
ithou
t wea
pon
52.2
53.0
566,
000
12.1
18.9
21.0
107,
100
2.3
Ser
ious
vio
lent
inci
dent
s219
.718
.355
,200
1.2
14.8
13.3
31,0
000.
7
R
ape
or a
ttem
pted
rap
e0.
70.
880
0#
0.6
0.8
800
#
S
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape
2.5
3.0
5,40
00.
12.
32.
64,
400
0.1
P
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
wea
pon
5.2
4.0
12,3
000.
33.
92.
86,
000
0.1
T
hrea
t of a
ttack
with
wea
pon
11.1
8.6
19,2
000.
48.
56.
09,
900
0.2
R
obbe
ry w
ith a
wea
pon
0.5
!0.
61,
300
!#
0.3
!0.
61,
300
!#
R
obbe
ry w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n5.
36.
316
,100
0.3
3.4
4.2
8,60
00.
2
Thef
t345
.646
.019
9,80
04.
328
.530
.511
3,30
02.
4
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
2003
–04
2003
–04
Expe
rien
ced
vari
ous
type
s of
cri
me
Rep
orte
d to
pol
ice
Tabl
e 6.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g an
d re
port
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e pe
r
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe o
f cr
ime:
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04
84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 6.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
and
repo
rtin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
per
Tabl
e 6.
1.—
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe o
f cri
me:
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
1999
–200
019
99–2
000
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t Pe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of10
00of
ofof
1000
Type
of c
rim
esc
hool
s sc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
ts
Oth
er in
cide
nts4
72.7
64.0
380,
100
8.1
52.0
50.0
263,
300
5.6
Pos
sess
fire
arm
/exp
losi
ve d
evic
e5.
56.
17,
500
0.2
4.5
4.9
6,20
00.
1
Pos
sess
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct5
42.6
15.9
30,2
000.
623
.012
.122
,600
0.5
Dis
trib
utio
n of
ille
gal d
rugs
12.3
12.9
32,6
000.
711
.412
.430
,700
0.7
Pos
sess
ion
or u
se o
f alc
ohol
or
illeg
al d
rugs
26.6
29.3
131,
300
2.8
22.2
26.0
109,
200
2.3
Sex
ual h
aras
smen
t36
.3—
——
14.7
——
—
Van
dalis
m51
.451
.417
8,50
03.
832
.734
.394
,700
2.0
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
# R
ound
s to
zer
o.!
Inte
rpre
t dat
a w
ith c
autio
n.
1 V
iole
nt in
cide
nts
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual b
atte
ry o
ther
than
rap
e, p
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith o
r w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n, a
nd r
obbe
ry w
ith o
r
with
out a
wea
pon.
Ser
ious
vio
lent
inci
dent
s ar
e al
so in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
inci
dent
s.2 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape,
phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ith a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith a
wea
pon,
and
rob
bery
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon.
3 Th
eft/l
arce
ny (t
akin
g th
ings
ove
r $1
0 w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n) w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“th
e un
law
ful t
akin
g of
ano
ther
per
son’
s pr
oper
ty w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n,
thre
at, v
iole
nce,
or
bodi
ly h
arm
. Inc
lude
d ar
e po
cket
pic
king
, ste
alin
g pu
rse
or b
ackp
ack
(if le
ft un
atte
nded
or
no fo
rce
was
use
d to
take
it fr
om o
wne
r), t
heft
from
a b
uild
ing,
thef
t fro
m a
m
otor
veh
icle
or
mot
o r v
ehic
le p
arts
or
acce
ssor
ies,
thef
t of b
icyc
les,
thef
t fro
m v
endi
ng m
achi
nes,
and
all
othe
r ty
pes
of th
efts
.”4 O
ther
inci
dent
s in
clud
e po
sses
sion
of a
fire
arm
or
expl
osiv
e de
vice
, pos
sess
ion
of a
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct, d
istr
ibut
ion
of il
lega
l dru
gs, p
osse
ssio
n or
use
of a
lcoh
ol o
r ill
egal
dru
gs, o
r
vand
alis
m.
5 Th
e qu
estio
nnai
re w
ordi
ng fo
r po
sses
sion
of a
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct c
hang
ed b
etw
een
1999
–200
0 an
d 20
03–0
4. In
199
9–20
00, t
he q
uest
ion
aske
d ab
out p
osse
ssio
n of
a k
nife
or
shar
p
obje
ct. I
n 20
03–0
4, th
e qu
estio
n w
as c
han g
ed to
ref
er to
pos
sess
ion
of a
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct w
ith in
tent
to h
arm
.N
OTE
: Eith
er s
choo
l pri
ncip
als
or th
e pe
rson
mos
t kno
wle
dgea
ble
abou
t dis
cipl
ine
issu
es a
t sch
ool c
ompl
eted
the
SSO
CS
ques
tionn
aire
. “A
t sch
ool”
was
def
ined
for
resp
onde
nts
to in
clud
e ac
tiviti
es th
at h
appe
n in
sch
ool b
uild
ings
, on
scho
ol g
roun
ds, o
n sc
hool
bus
es, a
nd a
t pla
ces
that
hol
d sc
hool
-spo
nsor
ed e
vent
s or
act
iviti
es. R
espo
nden
ts w
ere
inst
ruct
ed to
res
pond
onl
y fo
r th
ose
times
that
wer
e du
ring
nor
mal
sch
ool h
ours
or
whe
n sc
hool
act
iviti
es o
r ev
ents
wer
e in
ses
sion
, unl
ess
the
surv
ey s
peci
fied
othe
rwis
e. P
opul
atio
n si
ze o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls is
82,
000
in 1
999–
2000
and
80,
500
in 2
003–
04. D
etai
l may
not
sum
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
Est
imat
es o
f num
ber
of in
cide
nts
and
scho
ols
are
roun
ded
to th
e ne
are s
t 100
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
(SSO
CS)
, 200
0 an
d 20
04.
Expe
rien
ced
vari
ous
type
s of
cri
me
Rep
orte
d to
pol
ice
2003
–04
2003
–04
Tabl
e 6.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g an
d re
port
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e pe
r
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe o
f cr
ime:
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Tabl
e 6.
2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
Tabl
e 6.
2.—
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
To
tal
80,5
0081
.41,
553,
300
33.3
18.3
55,2
001.
246
.019
9,80
04.
364
.038
0,10
08.
1
Scho
ol le
vel5
Pri
mar
y48
,800
74.2
638,
500
28.2
13.3
18,9
000.
829
.835
,500
1.6
50.8
78,3
003.
5 M
iddl
e14
,500
93.6
515,
800
52.7
24.4
15,7
001.
663
.354
,100
5.5
82.9
104,
700
10.7
Hig
h sc
hool
10,8
0095
.932
0,10
027
.529
.416
,700
1.4
83.5
93,9
008.
193
.016
8,20
014
.5 C
ombi
ned
6,40
084
.778
,800
29.7
23.9
3,80
0!
1.4
!67
.116
,300
6.2
72.5
29,0
0010
.9
Enro
llmen
t siz
e
Les
s th
an 3
00
19,0
0068
.814
2,60
036
.415
.38,
100
2.1
40.5
18,5
004.
750
.727
,800
7.1
300
–499
23
,500
80.2
330,
600
33.9
14.8
8,40
00.
933
.824
,700
2.5
59.6
51,2
005.
2 5
00–9
99
29,0
0085
.865
6,10
033
.517
.518
,700
1.0
48.9
68,3
003.
567
.213
0,90
06.
7 1
,000
or
mor
e 8,
900
97.5
424,
100
31.6
36.3
20,0
001.
580
.788
,300
6.6
93.3
170,
200
12.7
Urb
anic
ity
City
20
,100
87.7
487,
100
35.9
21.5
20,4
001.
546
.654
,800
4.0
68.7
128,
900
9.5
Urb
an fr
inge
26
,600
80.2
565,
100
30.7
18.5
18,3
001.
046
.080
,000
4.3
65.2
139,
500
7.6
Tow
n 9,
600
86.9
159,
300
32.1
19.2
8,10
01.
645
.019
,900
4.0
67.8
39,7
008.
0 R
ural
24
,200
75.4
341,
800
35.1
15.1
8,40
00.
946
.045
,100
4.6
57.2
72,1
007.
4
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t6
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
17,1
0074
.119
3,50
027
.115
.66,
200
0.9
43.1
31,5
004.
458
.351
,500
7.2
5 to
20
perc
ent
19,7
0076
.927
8,90
024
.713
.99,
100
0.8
45.8
50,9
004.
563
.383
,100
7.4
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t17
,700
84.5
354,
200
32.0
19.3
10,9
001.
045
.349
,200
4.4
64.6
85,2
007.
7 5
0 pe
rcen
t or
mor
e24
,300
88.0
699,
500
43.4
23.6
28,3
001.
849
.366
,100
4.1
68.0
152,
900
9.5
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t 18
,900
71.3
247,
800
19.0
15.4
10,0
000.
846
.356
,700
4.4
64.4
93,1
007.
2 2
1–50
per
cent
28
,600
82.0
527,
200
32.5
16.2
17,1
001.
146
.678
,800
4.9
65.3
134,
600
8.3
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t32
,900
86.7
778,
300
44.5
21.8
28,2
001.
645
.464
,400
3.7
62.6
152,
300
8.7
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s1Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts2
Thef
t3O
ther
inci
dent
s4
Tabl
e 6.
2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er
1,
000
stud
ents
, by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04
86 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 6.
2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
Tabl
e 6.
2.—
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
7
Les
s th
an 1
235
,800
77.1
528,
000
34.8
17.9
19,0
001.
345
.566
,300
4.4
61.2
118,
000
7.8
12–
1629
,800
84.1
629,
400
32.3
15.6
22,0
001.
145
.281
,900
4.2
64.9
152,
000
7.8
Mor
e th
an 1
614
,800
86.7
395,
900
32.9
24.7
14,1
001.
249
.251
,600
4.3
68.7
110,
100
9.1
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 V
iole
nt in
cide
nts
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual b
atte
ry o
ther
than
rap
e, p
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith o
r w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n, a
nd r
obbe
ry w
ith o
r
with
out a
wea
pon.
Ser
ious
vio
lent
inci
dent
s ar
e al
so in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
inci
dent
s.2 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape,
phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ith a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith a
wea
pon,
and
rob
bery
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon.
3 Th
eft/l
arce
ny (t
akin
g th
ings
ove
r $1
0 w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n) w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“th
e un
law
ful t
akin
g of
ano
ther
per
son’
s pr
oper
ty w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n,
thre
at, v
iole
nce,
or
bodi
ly h
arm
. Inc
lude
d ar
e po
cket
pic
king
, ste
alin
g pu
rse
or b
ackp
ack
(if le
ft un
atte
nded
or
no fo
rce
was
use
d to
take
it fr
om o
wne
r), t
heft
from
a b
uild
ing,
thef
t fro
m a
m
otor
veh
icle
or
mot
o r v
ehic
le p
arts
or
acce
ssor
ies,
thef
t of b
icyc
les,
thef
t fro
m v
endi
ng m
achi
nes,
and
all
othe
r ty
pes
of th
efts
.”4 O
ther
inci
dent
s in
clud
e po
sses
sion
of a
fire
arm
or
expl
osiv
e de
vice
, pos
sess
ion
of a
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct, d
istr
ibut
ion
of il
lega
l dru
gs, p
osse
ssio
n or
use
of a
lcoh
ol o
r ill
egal
dru
gs, o
r
vand
alis
m.
5 Pr
imar
y sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot h
ighe
r th
an g
rade
3 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 8
. Mid
dle
scho
ols
are
defin
ed a
s sc
hool
s in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
not
low
er th
an g
rade
4 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 9
. Hig
h sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot lo
wer
than
gra
de 9
. C
ombi
ned
scho
ols
incl
ude
all o
ther
com
bina
tions
of g
rade
s, in
clud
ing
K–1
2 sc
hool
s.6 Th
ese
estim
ates
exc
lude
dat
a fr
om T
enne
ssee
bec
ause
sch
ools
in th
is s
tate
did
not
rep
ort e
stim
ates
of s
tude
nt r
ace/
ethn
icity
. 7 St
uden
t/tea
cher
rat
io w
as c
alcu
late
d by
div
idin
g th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s en
rolle
d in
the
scho
ol b
y th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
full-
time-
equi
vale
nt (F
TE) t
each
ers
and
aide
s. T
he to
tal n
umbe
r
of F
TE te
ache
rs a
nd a
ide s
is a
com
bina
tion
of th
e fu
ll-tim
e an
d pa
rt-t
ime
teac
hers
and
aid
es, i
nclu
ding
spe
cial
edu
catio
n te
ache
rs a
nd a
ides
, with
an
adju
stm
ent f
or p
art-
time
stat
us.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
o st k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
of p
ublic
sch
ools
is 8
2,00
0 in
199
9–20
00 a
nd 8
0,50
0 in
200
3–04
. Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s an
d sc
hool
s ar
e ro
unde
d to
the
near
est 1
00.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s1Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts2
Thef
t3O
ther
inci
dent
s4
Tabl
e 6.
2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er
1,
000
stud
ents
, by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Tabl
e 6.
3.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls r
epor
ting
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool t
o th
e po
lice,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e of
Tabl
e 6.
3.—
crim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
of
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
To
tal
80,5
0043
.638
7,80
08.
313
.331
,000
0.7
30.5
113,
300
2.4
50.0
263,
300
5.6
Scho
ol le
vel5
Pri
mar
y48
,800
27.9
63,5
002.
87.
66,
000
0.3
16.1
14,4
000.
634
.543
,900
1.9
Mid
dle
14,5
0066
.914
3,10
014
.620
.59,
200
0.9
43.8
27,4
002.
870
.667
,300
6.9
Hig
h sc
hool
10,8
0078
.715
5,40
013
.427
.114
,000
1.2
67.3
60,5
005.
287
.913
2,50
011
.4 C
ombi
ned
6,40
051
.825
,800
9.7
16.5
1,90
0!
0.7
!47
.911
,000
4.1
57.3
19,5
007.
4
Enro
llmen
t siz
e
Les
s th
an 3
00
19,0
0026
.428
,400
!7.
3!
8.8
3,20
0!
0.8
!21
.18,
800
2.3
34.9
17,0
004.
4 3
00–4
99
23,5
0037
.653
,100
5.4
9.3
3,20
00.
321
.212
,700
1.3
45.0
31,0
003.
2 5
00–9
99
29,0
0048
.113
9,90
07.
113
.69,
400
0.5
33.7
36,0
001.
852
.281
,600
4.2
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
8,90
081
.916
6,40
012
.432
.015
,300
1.1
64.6
55,7
004.
187
.913
3,70
010
.0
Urb
anic
ity
Cit y
20
,100
47.3
123,
500
9.1
17.2
12,1
000.
935
.032
,800
2.4
55.1
92,3
006.
8 U
rban
frin
ge
26,6
0044
.014
4,50
07.
813
.611
,200
0.6
30.2
46,6
002.
551
.495
,300
5.2
Tow
n 9,
600
52.3
46,4
009.
413
.13,
300
0.7
32.6
12,3
002.
555
.728
,300
5.7
Rur
al
24,2
0036
.873
,400
7.5
9.8
4,40
00.
526
.421
,500
2.2
42.0
47,3
004.
9
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t6
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
17,1
0040
.343
,200
6.1
10.6
2,70
00.
428
.317
,900
2.5
43.4
33,1
004.
6 5
to 2
0 pe
rcen
t19
,700
37.3
69,1
006.
18.
94,
300
0.4
29.0
28,3
002.
548
.657
,400
5.1
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t17
,700
46.9
91,2
008.
214
.06,
000
0.5
30.0
29,0
002.
650
.759
,100
5.3
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
24,3
0050
.017
8,80
011
.118
.217
,400
1.1
34.4
36,9
002.
355
.210
8,60
06.
7
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t 18
,900
39.5
82,0
006.
311
.56,
700
0.5
34.3
36,2
002.
850
.366
,100
5.1
21–
50 p
erce
nt
28,6
0044
.612
7,40
07.
912
.17,
900
0.5
29.7
42,5
002.
650
.592
,800
5.7
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t32
,900
45.2
178,
500
10.2
15.3
16,5
000.
929
.134
,600
2.0
49.4
104,
400
6.0
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s1Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts2
Thef
t3O
ther
inci
dent
s4
Tabl
e 6.
3.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
rep
orti
ng in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l to
the
polic
e, n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of
crim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
88 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 6.
3.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls r
epor
ting
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool t
o th
e po
lice,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e of
Tabl
e 6.
3.—
crim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
7
Les
s th
an 1
235
,800
41.5
124,
700
8.2
12.1
10,8
000.
727
.635
,000
2.3
46.1
75,2
005.
0 1
2–16
29,8
0044
.015
8,80
08.
111
.610
,700
0.5
31.7
49,2
002.
551
.810
9,10
05.
6 M
ore
than
16
14,8
0048
.010
4,30
08.
719
.39,
600
0.8
35.3
29,1
002.
455
.778
,900
6.6
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 V
iole
nt in
cide
nts
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual b
atte
ry o
ther
than
rap
e, p
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith o
r w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n, a
nd r
obbe
ry w
ith o
r
with
out a
wea
pon.
Ser
ious
vio
lent
inci
dent
s ar
e al
so in
clud
ed in
vio
lent
inci
dent
s.2 Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape,
phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ith a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
ith a
wea
pon,
and
rob
bery
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon.
3 Th
eft/l
arce
ny (t
akin
g th
ings
ove
r $1
0 w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n) w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“th
e un
law
ful t
akin
g of
ano
ther
per
son’
s pr
oper
ty w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n,
thre
at, v
iole
nce,
or
bodi
ly h
arm
. Inc
lude
d ar
e po
cket
pic
king
, ste
alin
g pu
rse
or b
ackp
ack
(if le
ft un
atte
nded
or
no fo
rce
was
use
d to
take
it fr
om o
wne
r), t
heft
from
a b
uild
ing,
thef
t fro
m a
m
otor
veh
icle
or
mot
o r v
ehic
le p
arts
or
acce
ssor
ies,
thef
t of b
icyc
les,
thef
t fro
m v
endi
ng m
achi
nes,
and
all
othe
r ty
pes
of th
efts
.”4 O
ther
inci
dent
s in
clud
e po
sses
sion
of a
fire
arm
or
expl
osiv
e de
vice
, pos
sess
ion
of a
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct, d
istr
ibut
ion
of il
lega
l dru
gs, p
osse
ssio
n or
use
of a
lcoh
ol o
r ill
egal
dru
gs, o
r
vand
alis
m.
5 Pr
imar
y sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot h
ighe
r th
an g
rade
3 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 8
. Mid
dle
scho
ols
are
defin
ed a
s sc
hool
s in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
not
low
er th
an g
rade
4 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 9
. Hig
h sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot lo
wer
than
gra
de 9
. C
ombi
ned
scho
ols
incl
ude
all o
ther
com
bina
tions
of g
rade
s, in
clud
ing
K–1
2 sc
hool
s.6 Th
ese
estim
ates
exc
lude
dat
a fr
om T
enne
ssee
bec
ause
sch
ools
in th
is s
tate
did
not
rep
ort e
stim
ates
of s
tude
nt r
ace/
ethn
icity
. 7 St
uden
t/tea
cher
rat
io w
as c
alcu
late
d by
div
idin
g th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s en
rolle
d in
the
scho
ol b
y th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
full-
time-
equi
vale
nt (F
TE) t
each
ers
and
aide
s. T
he to
tal n
umbe
r
of F
TE te
ache
rs a
nd a
ide s
is a
com
bina
tion
of th
e fu
ll-tim
e an
d pa
rt-t
ime
teac
hers
and
aid
es, i
nclu
ding
spe
cial
edu
catio
n te
ache
rs a
nd a
ides
, with
an
adju
stm
ent f
or p
art-
time
stat
us.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
o st k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
of p
ublic
sch
ools
is 8
2,00
0 in
199
9–20
00 a
nd 8
0,50
0 in
200
3–04
. Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s an
d sc
hool
s ar
e ro
unde
d to
the
near
est 1
00.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s1Se
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts2
Thef
t3O
ther
inci
dent
s4
Tabl
e 6.
3.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
rep
orti
ng in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l to
the
polic
e, n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of
crim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Tabl
e 7.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
repo
rted
sel
ecte
d di
scip
line
prob
lem
s th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, by
freq
uenc
y an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
:
Tabl
e 7.
1.—
2003
–04
Stud
ent
Wid
espr
ead
Stud
ent a
cts
ofU
ndes
irab
leU
ndes
irab
le c
ult
Stud
ent r
acia
lSt
uden
tve
rbal
abu
sedi
sord
erdi
sres
pect
gang
or e
xtre
mis
tSc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticte
nsio
nsbu
llyin
gof
teac
hers
in c
lass
room
sfo
r te
ache
rsac
tiviti
es3
grou
p ac
tiviti
es4
To
tal
2.1
26.8
10.7
2.8
19.5
16.7
3.4
Scho
ol le
vel5
Pri
mar
y 1.
1!
23.8
6.8
1.7
!13
.77.
6‡
Mid
dle
4.9
42.5
18.0
5.5
31.6
31.3
5.9
Hig
h sc
hool
3.
321
.216
.84.
126
.441
.113
.2
Com
bine
d ‡
23.2
13.8
‡24
.611
.0‡
Enro
llmen
t siz
e L
ess
than
300
‡23
.37.
2!
2.6
!13
.77.
51.
7!
300
–499
1.2
!26
.77.
51.
6!
17.1
9.7
1.4
!
500
–999
2.7
28.1
12.0
2.7
20.6
18.4
3.3
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
5.9
30.0
22.5
7.0
34.5
48.8
12.9
Urb
anic
ity C
ity3.
330
.515
.94.
326
.925
.44.
3
Urb
an fr
inge
2.3
26.0
8.4
2.0
16.2
16.8
4.2
Tow
n3.
6!
30.0
12.9
3.5
!22
.718
.34.
4!
Rur
al#
23.2
8.1
2.2
!15
.68.
71.
4
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t6
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
‡25
.46.
3‡
14.0
3.5
1.8
!
5 to
20
perc
ent
1.9
27.3
6.2
1.2
!13
.89.
73.
4
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t3.
528
.411
.62.
818
.519
.95.
7
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
2.4
27.1
17.3
5.7
29.5
29.7
2.8
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t1.
822
.85.
10.
6!
10.6
9.9
4.2
21–
50 p
erce
nt1.
928
.07.
51.
215
.912
.73.
5 M
ore
than
50
perc
ent
2.4
28.0
16.8
5.4
27.6
24.0
2.9
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Hap
pens
at a
ll2
Hap
pens
at l
east
onc
e a
wee
k1
Tabl
e 7.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t re
port
ed s
elec
ted
disc
iplin
e pr
oble
ms
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
by f
requ
ency
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs:
2003
–04
90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 7.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
repo
rted
sel
ecte
d di
scip
line
prob
lem
s th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, by
freq
uenc
y an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
:
Tabl
e 7.
1.—
2003
–04—
Con
tinu
ed
Stud
ent
Wid
espr
ead
Stud
ent a
cts
ofU
ndes
irab
leU
ndes
irab
le c
ult
Stud
ent r
acia
lSt
uden
tve
rbal
abu
sedi
sord
erdi
sres
pect
gang
or e
xtre
mis
tSc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticte
nsio
nsbu
llyin
gof
teac
hers
in c
lass
room
sfo
r te
ache
rsac
tiviti
es3
grou
p ac
tiviti
es4
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
7
Les
s th
an 1
21.
226
.510
.72.
920
.111
.62.
3
12–
162.
725
.711
.73.
120
.619
.84.
2
Mor
e th
an 1
63.
029
.68.
82.
215
.622
.54.
4
Prev
alen
ce o
f vio
lent
inci
dent
s8
No
viol
ent i
ncid
ents
‡12
.01.
5!
‡4.
72.
1!
‡ A
ny v
iole
nt in
cide
nts
2.6
30.1
12.8
3.4
22.8
20.0
4.0
# R
ound
s to
zer
o.!
Inte
rpre
t dat
a w
ith c
autio
n.‡
Rep
ortin
g st
anda
rds
not m
et.
1 In
clud
es s
choo
ls th
at r
epor
ted
the
activ
ity h
appe
ns e
ither
onc
e a
wee
k or
dai
ly.
2 In
clud
es s
choo
ls th
at r
epor
ted
the
activ
ity h
as h
appe
ned
at a
ll at
thei
r sc
hool
dur
ing
the
scho
ol y
ear.
3 A
gan
g w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“an
ong
oing
loos
ely
orga
nize
d as
soci
atio
n of
thre
e or
mor
e pe
rson
s, w
heth
er fo
rmal
or
info
rmal
, tha
t has
a c
omm
on n
ame,
sig
ns, s
ymbo
ls o
r co
lors
,
who
se m
embe
rs e
ngag
e, e
ither
indi
vidu
ally
or
colle
ctiv
ely,
in v
iole
nt o
r ot
her
form
s of
ille
gal b
ehav
ior.
”4 A
cul
t or
extr
emis
t gro
up w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“a
grou
p th
at e
spou
ses
radi
cal b
elie
fs a
nd p
ract
ices
, whi
ch m
ay in
clud
e a
relig
ious
com
pone
nt, t
hat a
re w
idel
y se
en a
s th
reat
enin
g
the
basi
c va
lues
and
cul
tura
l nor
ms
of s
ocie
ty a
t lar
ge.”
5 Pr
imar
y sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot h
ighe
r th
an g
rade
3 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 8
. Mid
dle
scho
ols
are
defin
ed a
s sc
hool
s in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
not
low
er th
an g
rade
4 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 9
. Hig
h sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot lo
wer
than
gra
de 9
. C
ombi
ned
scho
ols
incl
ude
all o
ther
com
bina
tions
of g
rade
s, in
clud
ing
K–1
2 sc
hool
s.6 Th
ese
estim
ates
exc
lude
dat
a fr
om T
enne
ssee
bec
ause
sch
ools
in th
is s
tate
did
not
rep
ort e
stim
ates
of s
tude
nt r
ace/
ethn
icity
. 7 S
tude
nt/te
ache
r ra
tio w
as c
alcu
late
d by
div
idin
g th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s en
rolle
d in
the
scho
ol b
y th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
full-
time-
equi
vale
nt (F
TE) t
each
ers
and
aide
s. T
he to
tal n
umbe
r
of F
TE te
ache
rs a
nd a
ides
is a
com
bina
tion
of th
e fu
ll-tim
e an
d pa
rt-t
ime
teac
hers
and
aid
es, i
nclu
ding
spe
cial
edu
catio
n te
ache
rs a
nd a
ides
, with
an
adju
stm
ent f
or p
art-
time
stat
us.
8 V
iole
nt in
cide
nts
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual b
atte
ry o
ther
than
rap
e, p
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon,
thre
at o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ith o
r w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n, a
nd r
obbe
ry
with
or
with
out a
wea
pon.
NO
TE: E
ithe r
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
is 8
0,50
0 pu
blic
sch
ools
. SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
(SSO
CS)
, 200
4.
Hap
pens
at l
east
onc
e a
wee
k1
Hap
pens
at a
ll2
Tabl
e 7.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t re
port
ed s
elec
ted
disc
iplin
e pr
oble
ms
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
by f
requ
ency
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs:
2003
–04—
Con
tinu
ed
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Tabl
e 8.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d th
at g
angs
wer
e pr
esen
t at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
urba
nici
ty a
nd
Tabl
e 8.
1.—
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
001,
200
3, a
nd 2
005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticTo
tal
Urb
anSu
burb
anR
ural
Tota
lU
rban
Subu
rban
Rur
alTo
tal
Urb
anSu
burb
anR
ural
To
tal
20.1
28.9
18.3
13.3
20.9
30.9
18.4
12.3
23.8
35.6
20.5
16.3
Sex
Mal
e21
.431
.918
.914
.022
.332
.120
.512
.225
.036
.722
.315
.8 F
emal
e18
.825
.917
.512
.519
.529
.716
.312
.422
.634
.518
.616
.8
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te15
.520
.515
.412
.114
.219
.813
.810
.716
.623
.315
.814
.0 B
lack
28.6
32.4
25.4
22.5
29.5
32.8
28.3
21.8
!36
.641
.234
.823
.9 H
ispa
nic
32.0
40.3
27.1
16.8
!37
.242
.634
.612
.7!
38.4
48.1
32.1
25.7
Oth
er21
.427
.020
.0‡
22.0
30.6
18.2
‡22
.527
.021
.614
.4!
Gra
de 6
th11
.214
.99.
011
.010
.921
.67.
5‡
12.0
19.6
8.8
8.2
! 7
th15
.723
.713
.78.
916
.325
.513
.29.
417
.324
.114
.915
.4 8
th17
.324
.016
.610
.117
.925
.216
.210
.918
.730
.414
.014
.4 9
th24
.335
.320
.818
.926
.138
.224
.313
.827
.939
.124
.520
.7 1
0th
23.6
33.1
22.3
14.4
26.3
35.3
24.1
18.0
32.0
49.7
27.6
21.5
11t
h24
.234
.222
.715
.823
.434
.620
.415
.027
.843
.525
.413
.8!
12t
h21
.134
.118
.611
.5!
22.2
34.8
19.3
13.3
27.1
38.7
24.3
15.4
!
Sect
or P
ublic
21.6
31.9
19.5
13.7
22.5
33.7
19.9
12.8
25.4
38.5
22.0
17.0
Pri
vate
4.9
5.0
4.3
!‡
3.9
6.0
2.4
!‡
4.2
7.7
3.0
!#
# N
o ca
ses
a re
repo
rted
, alth
ough
the
even
t def
ined
cou
ld h
ave
been
rep
orte
d by
som
e st
uden
ts w
ith th
ese
char
acte
rist
ics
had
a di
ffere
nt s
ampl
e be
en d
raw
n.!
Inte
rpre
t dat
a w
ith c
autio
n.‡
Rep
ortin
g st
anda
rds
not m
et.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, fro
m 2
003
onw
ard,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s
mor
e th
an o
n e r
ace
wer
e in
clud
ed in
the
Oth
er c
ateg
ory.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
race
. Due
to
chan
ges
in r
acia
l/eth
n ic
cate
gori
es, c
ompa
riso
ns o
f rac
e/et
hnic
ity a
cros
s ye
ars
shou
ld b
e m
ade
with
cau
tion.
NO
TE: A
ll ga
ngs,
whe
ther
or
not t
hey
are
invo
lved
in v
iole
nt o
r ill
egal
act
ivity
, are
incl
uded
. “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, or
goin
g to
and
fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Po
pula
tion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 24
,315
,000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, var
ious
yea
rs, 2
001–
2005
.
2001
2003
2005
Tabl
e 8.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
that
gan
gs w
ere
pres
ent
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
001,
200
3, a
nd 2
005
92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 9.
1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
Tabl
e 9.
1.—
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
24.0
32.1
31.7
30.2
28.5
28.7
25.4
Sex
Mal
e28
.538
.837
.434
.734
.631
.928
.8 F
emal
e19
.124
.824
.725
.722
.725
.021
.8
Rac
e/et
hnic
it y1
Whi
te24
.131
.731
.028
.828
.327
.523
.6 B
lack
17.5
28.5
25.4
25.3
21.9
23.1
23.9
His
pani
c34
.140
.741
.136
.934
.236
.533
.5 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )25
.725
.722
.515
.9 A
mer
ican
Indi
an20
.922
.830
.130
.634
.531
.324
.4 P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
46.9
50.2
34.7
41.3
Mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace
(2 )(2 )
(2 )36
.034
.536
.631
.6
Gra
de 9
th21
.831
.131
.427
.629
.029
.524
.0 1
0th
23.7
35.0
33.4
32.1
29.0
29.2
27.5
11t
h27
.532
.833
.231
.128
.729
.924
.9 1
2th
23.0
29.1
29.0
30.5
26.9
24.9
24.9
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
31.2
30.3
32.0
31.1
— S
ubur
ban
——
34.2
29.7
26.6
28.4
— R
ural
——
22.7
32.1
28.2
26.2
—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
ficIs
land
er s
tude
nts
wer
e no
t cat
egor
ized
sep
arat
ely
and
stud
ents
wer
e no
t giv
en th
e op
tion
of c
hoos
ing
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 an
d 20
02 (N
CES
200
6-03
0 an
d 20
03-0
60) f
or s
tude
nts
in
grad
es 9
–12
are
13,0
93,0
00 s
tude
nts
in 1
993;
13,
697,
000
in 1
995;
14,
272,
000
in 1
997;
14,
623,
000
in 1
999;
15,
061,
000
in 2
001;
15,
723,
000
in 2
003;
and
16,
286,
000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
),va
riou
s ye
ars,
199
3–20
05.
Tabl
e 9.
1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Tabl
e 9.
2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
Tabl
e 9.
2.—
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 2
003
and
2005
Stat
e20
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es28
.725
.4
Ala
bam
a26
.026
.2M
onta
na26
.925
.3A
lask
a28
.4—
Neb
rask
a23
.322
.0A
rizo
na28
.138
.8N
evad
a34
.532
.6A
rkan
sas
—29
.2N
ew H
amps
hire
28.2
26.9
Cal
iforn
ia—
—N
ew Je
rsey
—32
.6C
olor
ado
—21
.2N
ew M
exic
o—
33.5
Con
nect
icut
—31
.5N
ew Y
ork
23.0
23.7
Del
awar
e27
.926
.2N
orth
Car
olin
a31
.927
.4D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a30
.220
.3N
orth
Dak
ota
21.3
19.6
Flor
ida
25.7
23.2
Ohi
o31
.130
.9G
eorg
ia33
.330
.7O
klah
oma
22.2
18.5
Haw
aii
—32
.7O
rego
n—
—Id
aho
19.6
24.8
Penn
sylv
ania
——
Illin
ois
——
Rho
de Is
land
26.0
24.1
Indi
ana
28.3
28.9
Sout
h C
arol
ina
—29
.1Io
wa
—15
.5So
uth
Dak
ota
22.1
20.9
Kan
sas
—16
.7Te
nnes
see
24.3
26.6
Ken
tuck
y30
.419
.8Te
xas
—30
.7Lo
uisi
ana
——
Uta
h24
.720
.6M
aine
32.6
33.5
Ver
mon
t29
.423
.1M
aryl
and
—28
.9V
irgi
nia
——
Mas
sach
uset
ts31
.929
.9W
ashi
ngto
n—
—M
ichi
gan
31.3
28.8
Wes
t Vir
gini
a26
.524
.8M
inne
sota
——
Wis
cons
in26
.321
.7M
issi
ssip
pi22
.3—
Wyo
min
g18
.122
.7M
isso
uri
21.6
18.2
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Tabl
e 9.
2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 10
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
targ
ets
of h
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds a
nd s
eein
g ha
te-r
elat
ed g
raff
iti a
t sc
hool
dur
ing
the
Tabl
e 10
.1.—
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
999–
2005
Stud
ent o
rsc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9920
0120
0320
0519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
—12
.311
.711
.236
.335
.536
.337
.8
Sex
Mal
e—
12.8
12.0
11.7
33.8
34.9
35.0
37.1
Fem
ale
—11
.711
.310
.638
.936
.137
.638
.4
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te—
12.1
10.9
10.3
36.4
36.2
35.2
38.0
Bla
ck—
13.9
14.2
15.0
37.6
33.6
38.1
36.9
His
pani
c—
11.0
11.4
10.5
35.6
35.1
40.3
37.4
Oth
er—
13.6
14.1
11.8
32.2
32.1
31.4
38.2
Gra
de 6
th—
12.1
11.9
11.2
30.3
34.9
35.7
33.3
7th
—14
.112
.513
.234
.934
.937
.236
.7 8
th—
13.0
12.8
11.0
35.6
36.7
34.2
34.9
9th
—12
.113
.512
.639
.235
.737
.041
.0 1
0th
—13
.111
.610
.938
.936
.240
.739
.9 1
1th
—12
.78.
39.
137
.036
.136
.640
.0 1
2th
—7.
910
.89.
535
.633
.032
.236
.4
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
—11
.913
.212
.337
.035
.738
.640
.1 S
ubur
ban
—12
.410
.79.
437
.336
.035
.937
.5 R
ural
—12
.412
.215
.132
.733
.833
.935
.2
Sec t
or P
ublic
—12
.711
.911
.538
.037
.337
.939
.4 P
riva
te—
8.2
9.7
6.9
20.7
16.8
19.5
18.0
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, fro
m 2
003
onw
ard,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s
mor
e th
an o
n e r
ace
wer
e in
clud
ed in
the
Oth
er c
ateg
ory.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
race
. Due
to
chan
ges
in r
acia
l/eth
n ic
cate
gori
es, c
ompa
riso
ns o
f rac
e/et
hnic
ity a
cros
s ye
ars
shou
ld b
e m
ade
with
cau
tion.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, a
nd, f
rom
200
1 on
war
d, g
oing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. H
ate-
rela
t ed
refe
rs to
der
ogat
ory
term
s us
ed b
y ot
hers
in r
efer
ence
to s
tude
nts’
per
sona
l cha
ract
eris
tics.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 24
,614
,000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
t men
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05.
Hat
e-re
late
d gr
affit
iH
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds
Tabl
e 10
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g ta
rget
s of
hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
and
see
ing
hate
-rel
ated
gra
ffi t
i at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
999–
2005
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Tabl
e 10
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
targ
ets
of h
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds a
t sc
hool
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed
Tabl
e 10
.2.—
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
Stud
ent o
rSe
xual
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
l1R
ace
Ethn
icity
Rel
igio
nD
isab
ility
Gen
der
orie
ntat
ion
To
tal
11.2
4.5
2.6
1.7
0.7
2.1
1.1
Sex
Mal
e11
.75.
23.
21.
50.
81.
01.
1 F
emal
e10
.63.
82.
02.
00.
73.
21.
2
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te10
.33.
11.
31.
80.
82.
31.
3 B
lack
15.0
7.0
3.8
1.0
!1.
0!
2.7
1.6
! H
ispa
nic
10.5
5.7
5.7
1.6
‡1.
10.
5!
Oth
er11
.88.
84.
23.
0!
‡1.
4!
‡
Gra
de 6
th11
.23.
70.
9!
1.2
!0.
5!
1.6
!‡
7th
13.2
6.3
3.5
1.4
!1.
1!
2.0
0.9
! 8
th11
.04.
62.
81.
61.
1!
2.2
0.7
! 9
th12
.65.
53.
42.
90.
7!
2.6
1.4
10t
h10
.93.
92.
31.
90.
5!
2.6
1.8
11t
h9.
13.
72.
21.
3!
0.6
!1.
71.
3 1
2th
9.5
3.2
2.3
1.7
!0.
7!
1.6
1.2
!
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
12.3
5.4
3.3
1.8
0.9
2.3
1.3
Sub
urba
n9.
43.
72.
31.
40.
71.
80.
9 R
ural
15.1
5.9
2.4
2.8
0.6
!2.
81.
7
Sect
or P
ublic
11.5
4.7
2.7
1.7
0.8
2.1
1.2
Pri
vate
6.9
3.0
2.2
!1.
7!
‡1.
6!
‡
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 In
the
Scho
ol C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) q
uest
ionn
aire
, stu
dent
s w
ere
aske
d if
they
had
bee
n th
e ta
rget
of h
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds a
t sch
ool.
Stud
ents
who
indi
cate
d th
at th
ey h
ad b
een
calle
d a
hate
-rel
ated
wor
d w
ere
aske
d to
cho
ose
the
spec
ific
char
acte
rist
ics
that
the
hate
-rel
ated
wor
d ta
rget
ed. S
tude
nts
wer
e al
low
ed to
cho
ose
mor
e th
an o
ne c
hara
cter
istic
. If a
stu
dent
cho
se
mor
e th
an o
ne c
hara
cter
istic
, he
or s
he is
cou
nted
onc
e un
der
the
“tot
al”
cate
gory
. The
refo
re, t
he to
tal p
erce
ntag
e of
stu
dent
s w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g ca
lled
a ha
te-r
elat
ed w
ord
is le
ss th
an th
e su
m o
f the
stu
dent
s’ in
divi
dual
cha
ract
eris
tics.
2 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s m
ore
than
one
rac
ew
ere
incl
uded
in th
e O
ther
cat
egor
y. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, o
r go
ing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. H
ate-
rela
ted
refe
rs to
der
ogat
ory
term
s us
ed b
y ot
hers
in r
efer
ence
to
stud
ents
’ per
sona
l cha
ract
eris
tics.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
pl
ease
see
app
endi
x A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
is 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, 2
005.
Hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
rel
ated
to s
tude
nt’s
cha
ract
eris
tics
Tabl
e 10
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g ta
rget
s of
hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
96 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 11
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed b
ully
ing
prob
lem
s at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
Tabl
e 11
.1.—
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
Mad
e fu
n of
,Tr
ied
to m
ake
Excl
uded
from
Prop
erty
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
calle
d na
mes
,Su
bjec
t of
Thre
aten
edPu
shed
, sho
ved,
do th
ings
did
activ
ities
dest
roye
d on
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
or in
sulte
dru
mo r
sw
ith h
arm
trip
ped,
spi
t on
not w
ant t
o do
on p
urpo
sepu
rpos
e
To
tal
28.1
18.7
14.7
4.8
9.0
3.5
4.6
3.4
Sex
Mal
e27
.118
.511
.05.
210
.93.
94.
13.
5 F
emal
e29
.219
.018
.54.
47.
13.
15.
23.
3
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te30
.020
.115
.85.
19.
73.
65.
33.
4 B
lack
28.5
18.5
14.2
4.9
8.9
4.7
4.5
4.6
His
pani
c22
.314
.712
.44.
67.
62.
63.
02.
7 O
ther
24.6
16.3
11.6
2.1
6.8
2.1
!2.
5!
2.5
!
Gra
de 6
th36
.626
.316
.46.
415
.14.
47.
43.
9 7
th35
.025
.218
.96.
315
.44.
77.
14.
6 8
th30
.420
.414
.34.
311
.33.
85.
44.
5 9
th28
.118
.913
.85.
38.
23.
23.
82.
7 1
0th
24.9
15.5
13.6
4.9
6.8
3.6
3.6
2.9
11t
h23
.014
.713
.43.
24.
22.
83.
32.
6 1
2th
19.9
11.3
12.5
3.5
2.9
1.8
2.2
!2.
4
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
26.0
17.7
13.3
5.5
8.5
4.1
4.9
3.9
Sub
urba
n28
.918
.914
.64.
49.
03.
14.
53.
0 R
ural
29.0
19.8
17.2
5.0
9.9
3.7
4.5
3.8
Sect
or P
ublic
28.6
19.0
14.9
5.1
9.3
3.5
4.5
3.5
Pri
vate
22.7
15.3
12.4
0.9
!5.
53.
0!
6.2
2.0
!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s m
ore
than
one
rac
e
wer
e in
clud
ed in
the
Oth
er c
ateg
ory.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
race
. N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, or
goin
g to
and
from
sch
ool.
Bul
lyin
g ty
pes
do n
ot s
um to
tota
l bec
ause
stu
dent
s co
uld
have
ex
peri
ence
d m
ore
than
one
type
of b
ully
ing.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
S O
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, 200
5.
Tabl
e 11
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
bul
lyin
g pr
oble
ms
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt
an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Tabl
e 11
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
bulli
ed a
t sc
hool
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y lo
cati
on o
f bul
lyin
g, in
jury
,
Tabl
e 11
.2.—
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
Out
side
on
Som
ewhe
reSt
uden
ts
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Ins
ide
scho
olsc
hool
gro
unds
Sch
ool b
us e
lse
who
wer
e in
jure
d1
To
tal
28.1
79.0
27.8
8.1
4.9
24.0
Sex
Mal
e27
.177
.628
.58.
74.
430
.6 F
emal
e29
.280
.427
.07.
55.
317
.7
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity2
Whi
te30
.080
.627
.97.
64.
724
.4 B
lack
28.5
77.3
25.2
10.8
4.3
!25
.9 H
ispa
nic
22.3
74.8
28.7
6.2
4.8
21.7
Oth
er24
.676
.731
.29.
4!
7.9
!20
.8
Gra
de 6
th36
.668
.236
.97.
64.
7!
32.3
7th
35.0
81.0
30.0
14.2
2.9
31.7
8th
30.4
79.4
24.8
10.4
4.0
27.0
9th
28.1
81.7
28.0
5.1
5.0
21.0
10t
h24
.980
.123
.35.
44.
4!
21.2
11t
h23
.080
.326
.94.
5!
7.2
14.5
12t
h19
.980
.024
.94.
4!
8.5
12.7
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
26.0
76.9
28.4
6.5
5.4
23.0
Sub
urba
n28
.978
.528
.28.
95.
224
.6 R
ural
29.0
83.6
25.7
7.6
3.0
!23
.8
Sect
or P
ublic
28.6
7 9.4
27.5
8.3
4.9
24.4
Pri
vate
22.7
73.9
31.5
‡4.
2!
18.0
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 In
jury
incl
udes
bru
ises
or
swel
ling;
cut
s, s
crat
ches
, or
scra
pes;
bla
ck e
ye o
r bl
oody
nos
e; te
eth
chip
ped
or k
nock
ed o
ut; b
roke
n bo
nes
or in
tern
al in
juri
es; k
nock
ed u
ncon
scio
us; o
r ot
her
in
juri
es. O
nly
stud
ents
who
rep
orte
d th
at th
eir
bully
ing
inci
dent
con
stitu
ted
bein
g pu
shed
, sho
ved,
trip
ped,
or
spit
on w
ere
aske
d if
they
suf
fere
d in
juri
es a
s a
resu
lt of
the
inci
dent
.2 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s m
ore
than
one
rac
e w
ere
incl
uded
in th
e O
ther
cat
egor
y. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, o
r go
ing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
st
atis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
Loc
atio
n to
tals
m
ay s
um to
mor
e th
an 1
00 b
ecau
se s
tude
nts
coul
d ha
ve b
een
bulli
ed in
mor
e th
an o
ne lo
catio
n.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to t h
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, 2
005.
Loca
tion
of b
ully
ing
Tabl
e 11
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g bu
llied
at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
of
bully
ing,
inju
ry,
an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 11
.3.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed b
ully
ing
prob
lem
s at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths
and
perc
enta
ge
Tabl
e 11
.3.—
dist
ribu
tion
of t
he fr
eque
ncy
of b
ully
ing
repo
rts,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
Onc
e or
twic
e in
Onc
e or
twic
e a
Onc
e or
twic
eA
lmos
t eve
rych
arac
teri
stic
Tota
lth
e pa
st 6
mon
ths
mon
tha
wee
kda
y
To
tal
28.1
52.9
25.2
11.3
7.8
Sex
Mal
e27
.151
.524
.511
.88.
8 F
emal
e29
.254
.225
.910
.96.
8
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te30
.052
.026
.311
.77.
1 B
lack
28.5
52.7
22.4
10.1
11.9
His
pani
c22
.357
.521
.711
.87.
8 O
ther
24.6
53.2
28.9
8.9
!4.
2!
Gra
de 6
th36
.646
.225
.018
.17.
5 7
th35
.043
.629
.114
.210
.0 8
th30
.457
.924
.07.
97.
2 9
th28
.154
.126
.211
.57.
4 1
0th
24.9
57.2
22.5
9.3
7.6
11t
h23
.057
.821
.611
.65.
7!
12t
h19
.956
.426
.75.
6!
8.0
!
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
26.0
50.4
26.0
11.2
10.7
Sub
urba
n28
.955
.325
.311
.06.
5 R
ural
29.0
48.5
24.2
12.6
8.1
!
Sect
or P
ublic
28.6
52.8
24.8
11.4
8.0
Pri
vate
22.7
53.6
31.6
10.6
!‡
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s m
ore
than
one
rac
e w
ere
incl
uded
in th
e O
ther
cat
egor
y. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, o
r go
ing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
st
atis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
Det
ail m
ay n
ot
sum
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
The
dis
trib
utio
n do
es n
ot a
dd to
100
per
cent
bec
ause
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s w
ho r
espo
nded
that
they
“di
dn’t
know
” ho
w o
ften
they
wer
e bu
llied
is
not s
how
n.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, 200
5.
Dis
trib
utio
n of
the
freq
uenc
y of
bul
lyin
g re
port
s
Tabl
e 11
.3.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
bul
lyin
g pr
oble
ms
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s an
d pe
rcen
tage
dist
ribu
tion
of
the
freq
uenc
y of
bul
lyin
g re
port
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Tabl
e 12
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ha
ving
bee
n in
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
and
Tabl
e 12
.1.—
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
41.8
38.7
36.6
35.7
33.2
33.0
35.9
16.2
15.5
14.8
14.2
12.5
12.8
13.6
Sex
Mal
e51
.246
.145
.544
.043
.140
.543
.423
.521
.020
.018
.518
.017
.118
.2 F
emal
e31
.730
.626
.027
.323
.925
.128
.18.
69.
58.
69.
87.
28.
08.
8
Rac
e/et
hnic
it y1
Whi
te40
.336
.033
.733
.132
.230
.533
.115
.012
.913
.312
.311
.210
.011
.6 B
lack
49.5
41.6
43.0
41.4
36.5
39.7
43.1
22.0
20.3
20.7
18.7
16.8
17.1
16.9
His
pani
c43
.247
.940
.739
.935
.836
.141
.017
.921
.119
.015
.714
.116
.718
.3 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )22
.722
.325
.921
.6(2 )
(2 )(2 )
10.4
10.8
13.1
5.9
Am
eric
an In
dian
49.8
47.2
54.7
48.7
49.2
46.6
44.2
18.6
31.4
18.9
16.2
!18
.224
.222
.0 P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
50.7
51.7
30.0
34.4
(2 )(2 )
(2 )25
.329
.122
.224
.5 M
ore
than
one
rac
e(2 )
(2 )(2 )
40.2
39.6
38.2
46.9
(2 )(2 )
(2 )16
.914
.720
.215
.8
Gra
de 9
th50
.447
.344
.841
.139
.538
.643
.523
.121
.621
.318
.617
.318
.018
.9 1
0th
42.2
40.4
40.2
37.7
34.7
33.5
36.6
17.2
16.5
17.0
17.2
13.5
12.8
14.4
11t
h40
.536
.934
.231
.329
.130
.931
.613
.813
.612
.510
.89.
410
.410
.4 1
2th
34.8
31.0
28.8
30.4
26.5
26.5
29.1
11.4
10.6
9.5
8.1
7.5
7.3
8.5
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
38.2
37.0
36.8
35.5
——
—15
.814
.414
.814
.8—
Sub
urba
n—
—36
.735
.031
.333
.1—
——
14.2
13.7
11.0
12.8
— R
ural
——
32.9
36.6
33.8
29.7
——
—14
.716
.313
.810
.0—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
fic
Isla
nder
stu
dent
s w
ere
not c
ateg
oriz
ed s
epar
atel
y an
d st
uden
ts w
ere
not g
iven
the
optio
n of
cho
osin
g m
ore
than
one
rac
e.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
in th
e la
st 1
2m
onth
s th
e y h
ave
been
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 an
d 20
02 (N
CES
200
6-03
0 an
d 20
03-0
60) f
or s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re
13,0
93,0
00 s
tude
nts
in 1
993;
13,
697,
000
in 1
995;
14,
272,
000
in 1
997;
14,
623,
000
in 1
999;
15,
061,
000
in 2
001;
15,
723,
000
in 2
003;
and
16,
286,
000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), va
riou
sye
ars,
199
3–20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e 12
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ha
ving
bee
n in
a p
hysi
cal fi
ght
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 12
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ha
ving
bee
n in
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
and
sta
Tabl
e 12
.2.—
2003
and
200
5
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es33
.035
.912
.813
.6
Ala
bam
a30
.031
.712
.914
.6M
onta
na28
.630
.510
.310
.9A
lask
a27
.1—
8.6
—N
ebra
ska
29.6
28.5
10.6
9.3
Ari
zona
30.7
32.4
10.8
11.7
Nev
ada
35.0
34.5
12.6
14.2
Ark
ansa
s—
32.1
—13
.9N
ew H
amps
hire
30.5
26.4
11.6
10.7
Cal
iforn
ia—
——
—N
ew Je
rsey
—30
.7—
10.1
Col
orad
o—
32.2
—12
.1N
ew M
exic
o—
36.7
—15
.7C
onne
ctic
ut—
32.7
—10
.5N
ew Y
ork
32.1
32.1
14.6
12.5
Del
awar
e34
.930
.311
.49.
8N
orth
Car
olin
a30
.929
.910
.711
.6D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a38
.036
.315
.216
.4N
orth
Dak
ota
27.2
—8.
610
.7Fl
orid
a32
.130
.013
.311
.5O
hio
31.5
30.2
11.3
10.2
Geo
rgia
31.4
33.8
11.1
12.1
Okl
ahom
a28
.431
.111
.412
.1H
awai
i—
27.0
—10
.0O
rego
n—
——
—Id
aho
28.3
32.3
11.7
12.1
Penn
sylv
ania
——
——
Illin
ois
——
——
Rho
de Is
land
27.6
28.4
11.4
11.2
Indi
ana
30.6
29.3
10.9
11.2
Sout
h C
arol
ina
—31
.3—
12.7
Iow
a—
28.3
—11
.3So
uth
Dak
ota
27.0
26.5
9.0
8.4
Kan
sas
—28
.0—
10.1
Tenn
esse
e28
.330
.912
.210
.9K
entu
cky
26.4
29.6
10.1
12.7
Texa
s—
34.2
—14
.5Lo
uisi
ana
——
——
Uta
h28
.725
.911
.910
.4M
aine
26.5
28.2
9.2
10.0
Ver
mon
t26
.924
.312
.212
.2M
aryl
and
—36
.6—
14.9
Vir
gini
a—
——
—M
assa
chus
etts
30.7
28.6
10.2
10.2
Was
hing
ton
——
——
Mic
higa
n30
.830
.112
.211
.4W
est V
irgi
nia
26.5
29.1
10.3
12.1
Min
neso
ta—
——
—W
isco
nsin
31.4
32.6
11.6
12.2
Mis
siss
ippi
30.6
—10
.3—
Wyo
min
g31
.230
.412
.712
.2M
isso
uri
28.2
29.8
9.8
10.2
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he te
rm “
anyw
here
” is
not
use
d in
the
YR
BS
ques
tionn
aire
; stu
dent
s ar
e si
mpl
y as
ked
how
man
y tim
es in
the
last
12
mon
ths
they
had
bee
n in
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
. The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
are
15
,723
,000
in 2
003
and
16,2
86,0
00 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
prev
ious
ly
unpu
blis
hed
tabu
latio
n, 2
003
and
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e 12
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ha
ving
bee
n in
a p
hysi
cal fi
ght
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
and
sta
te:
20
03 a
nd 2
005
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Tabl
e 13
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ca
rryi
ng a
wea
pon
at le
ast
1 da
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd
Tabl
e 13
.1.—
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
22.1
20.0
18.3
17.3
17.4
17.1
18.5
11.8
9.8
8.5
6.9
6.4
6.1
6.5
Sex
Mal
e34
.331
.127
.728
.629
.326
.929
.817
.914
.312
.511
.010
.28.
910
.2 F
emal
e9.
28.
37.
06.
06.
26.
77.
15.
14.
93.
72.
82.
93.
12.
6
Rac
e/et
hnic
it y1
Whi
te20
.618
.917
.016
.417
.916
.718
.710
.99.
07.
86.
46.
15.
56.
1 B
lack
28.5
21.8
21.7
17.2
15.2
17.3
16.4
15.0
10.3
9.2
5.0
6.3
6.9
5.1
His
pani
c24
.424
.723
.318
.716
.516
.519
.013
.314
.110
.47.
96.
46.
08.
2 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )13
.010
.611
.67.
0(2 )
(2 )(2 )
6.5
7.2
6.6
!2.
8!
Am
eric
an In
dian
34.2
32.0
26.2
21.8
31.2
29.3
25.6
17.6
!13
.0!
15.9
11.6
!16
.412
.97.
2 P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
25.3
17.4
16.3
!20
.0!
(2 )(2 )
(2 )9.
310
.0!
4.9
!15
.4!
Mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace
(2 )(2 )
(2 )22
.225
.229
.826
.7(2 )
(2 )(2 )
11.4
13.2
13.3
!11
.9
Gra
de 9
th25
.522
.622
.617
.619
.818
.019
.912
.610
.710
.27.
26.
75.
36.
4 1
0th
21.4
21.1
17.4
18.7
16.7
15.9
19.4
11.5
10.4
7.7
6.6
6.7
6.0
6.9
11t
h21
.520
.318
.216
.116
.818
.217
.111
.910
.29.
47.
06.
16.
65.
9 1
2th
19.9
16.1
15.4
15.9
15.1
15.5
16.9
10.8
7.6
7.0
6.2
6.1
6.4
6.7
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
18.7
15.8
15.3
17.0
——
—7.
07.
26.
05.
6—
Sub
urba
n—
—16
.817
.017
.416
.5—
——
8.7
6.2
6.3
6.4
— R
ural
——
22.3
22.3
23.0
18.9
——
—11
.29.
68.
36.
3—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
fic
Isla
nder
stu
dent
s w
ere
not c
ateg
oriz
ed s
epar
atel
y an
d st
uden
ts w
ere
not g
iven
the
optio
n of
cho
osin
g m
ore
than
one
rac
e.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
they
car
ried
a
wea
pon
duri
ng th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 an
d 20
02 (N
CES
200
6-03
0 an
d 20
03-0
60) f
or s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
3,09
3,00
0 st
uden
tsin
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e 13
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ca
rryi
ng a
wea
pon
at le
ast
1 da
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd
se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 13
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ca
rryi
ng a
wea
pon
at le
ast
1 da
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tat
Tabl
e 13
.2.—
2003
and
200
5
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es17
.118
.56.
16.
5
Ala
bam
a19
.921
.07.
48.
4M
onta
na19
.421
.47.
210
.2A
lask
a18
.4—
7.1
—N
ebra
ska
16.0
17.9
5.0
4.8
Ari
zona
17.0
20.6
4.9
7.4
Nev
ada
14.9
18.4
6.3
6.8
Ark
ansa
s—
25.9
—10
.5N
ew H
amps
hire
15.2
16.2
5.8
6.5
Cal
iforn
ia—
——
—N
ew Je
rsey
—10
.5—
3.1
Col
orad
o—
17.0
—5.
4N
ew M
exic
o—
24.5
—8.
0C
onne
ctic
ut—
16.3
—6.
4N
ew Y
ork
13.5
14.3
5.2
5.2
Del
awar
e16
.016
.65.
05.
7N
orth
Car
olin
a19
.221
.56.
36.
4D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a25
.017
.210
.66.
7N
orth
Dak
ota
——
5.7
6.0
Flor
ida
17.2
15.2
5.3
4.7
Ohi
o12
.615
.23.
64.
4G
eorg
ia18
.722
.15.
07.
5O
klah
oma
21.8
18.9
8.0
7.0
Haw
aii
—13
.3—
4.9
Ore
gon
——
——
Idah
o—
23.9
7.7
—Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia—
——
—Ill
inoi
s—
——
—R
hode
Isla
nd12
.312
.45.
94.
9In
dian
a17
.819
.26.
35.
8So
uth
Car
olin
a—
20.5
—6.
7Io
wa
—15
.7—
4.4
Sout
h D
akot
a—
—7.
18.
3K
ansa
s—
16.2
—4.
9Te
nnes
see
21.3
24.1
5.5
8.1
Ken
tuck
y18
.523
.17.
46.
8Te
xas
—19
.3—
7.9
Loui
sian
a—
——
—U
tah
15.3
17.7
5.6
7.0
Mai
ne16
.518
.36.
65.
9V
erm
ont
——
8.3
9.1
Mar
ylan
d—
19.1
—6.
9V
irgi
nia
——
——
Mas
sach
uset
ts13
.515
.25.
05.
8W
ashi
ngto
n—
——
—M
ichi
gan
15.2
15.8
5.1
4.7
Wes
t Vir
gini
a20
.722
.46.
68.
5M
inne
sota
——
——
Wis
cons
in13
.215
.83.
23.
9M
issi
ssip
pi20
.0—
5.2
—W
yom
ing
24.6
28.0
10.1
10.0
Mis
sour
i16
.819
.45.
57.
3
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he te
rm “
anyw
here
” is
not
use
d in
the
YR
BS
ques
tionn
aire
; stu
dent
s ar
e si
mpl
y as
ked
how
man
y da
ys th
ey c
arri
ed a
w
eapo
n du
ring
the
past
30
days
. The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
are
15,
723,
000
in 2
003
and
16,2
86,0
00 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
prev
ious
ly
unpu
blis
hed
tabu
latio
n, 2
003
and
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e 13
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d ca
rryi
ng a
wea
pon
at le
ast
1 da
y du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
:
2003
and
200
5
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Tabl
e 14
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
alco
hol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 3
0 da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
Tabl
e 14
.1.—
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
48.0
51.6
50.8
50.0
47.1
44.9
43.3
5.2
6.3
5.6
4.9
4.9
5.2
4.3
Sex
Mal
e50
.153
.253
.352
.349
.243
.843
.86.
27.
27.
26.
16.
16.
05.
3 F
emal
e45
.949
.947
.847
.745
.045
.842
.84.
25.
33.
63.
63.
84.
23.
3
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te49
.954
.154
.052
.550
.447
.146
.44.
65.
64.
84.
84.
23.
93.
8 B
lack
42.5
42.0
36.9
39.9
32.7
37.4
31.2
6.9
7.6
5.6
4.3
5.3
5.8
3.2
His
pani
c50
.854
.753
.952
.849
.245
.646
.86.
89.
68.
27.
07.
07.
67.
7 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )25
.728
.427
.521
.5(2 )
(2 )(2 )
2.0
6.8
5.6
1.3
! A
mer
ican
Indi
an45
.351
.457
.649
.451
.451
.957
.46.
7!
8.1
!8.
6!
‡8.
27.
1!
6.2
! P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
60.8
52.3
40.0
38.7
(2 )(2 )
(2 )6.
712
.48.
5!
‡ M
ore
than
one
rac
e(2 )
(2 )(2 )
51.1
45.4
47.1
39.0
(2 )(2 )
(2 )5.
27.
0!
13.3
3.5
Gra
de 9
th40
.545
.644
.240
.641
.136
.236
.25.
27.
55.
94.
45.
35.
13.
7 1
0th
44.0
49.5
47.2
49.7
45.2
43.5
42.0
4.7
5.9
4.6
5.0
5.1
5.6
4.5
11t
h49
.753
.753
.250
.949
.347
.046
.05.
25.
76.
04.
74.
75.
04.
0 1
2th
56.4
56.5
57.3
61.7
55.2
55.9
50.8
5.5
6.2
5.9
5.0
4.3
4.5
4.8
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
48.9
46.5
45.2
41.5
——
—6.
45.
05.
46.
1—
Sub
urba
n—
—50
.551
.447
.646
.5—
——
5.2
4.6
4.9
4.8
— R
ural
——
55.4
52.2
50.2
45.3
——
—5.
35.
64.
04.
7—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
fic
Isla
nder
stu
dent
s w
ere
not c
ateg
oriz
ed s
epar
atel
y an
d st
uden
ts w
ere
not g
iven
the
optio
n of
cho
osin
g m
ore
than
one
rac
e.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
did
they
hav
e at
leas
t one
dri
nk o
f alc
ohol
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
are
13
,093
,000
stu
dent
s in
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Any
whe
re
Tabl
e 14
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
alco
hol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 3
0 da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 14
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
alco
hol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 3
0 da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es44
.943
.35.
24.
3
Ala
bam
a40
.239
.44.
14.
5M
onta
na49
.548
.66.
76.
4A
lask
a38
.7—
4.9
—N
ebra
ska
46.5
42.9
4.6
3.6
Ari
zona
50.9
47.1
6.6
7.5
Nev
ada
43.4
41.4
7.4
6.8
Ark
ansa
s—
43.1
—5.
2N
ew H
amps
hire
47.1
44.0
4.0
—C
alifo
rnia
——
——
New
Jers
ey—
46.5
—3.
7C
olor
ado
—47
.4—
5.9
New
Mex
ico
—42
.3—
7.6
Con
nect
icut
—45
.3—
6.7
New
Yor
k44
.243
.45.
24.
1D
elaw
are
45.4
43.1
4.8
5.5
Nor
th C
arol
ina
39.4
42.3
3.6
5.4
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
33.8
23.1
4.9
4.6
Nor
th D
akot
a54
.249
.05.
13.
6Fl
orid
a42
.739
.75.
14.
5O
hio
42.2
42.4
3.9
3.2
Geo
rgia
37.7
39.9
3.7
4.3
Okl
ahom
a47
.840
.53.
23.
8H
awai
i—
34.8
—8.
8O
rego
n—
——
—Id
aho
34.8
39.8
3.9
4.3
Penn
sylv
ania
——
——
Illin
ois
——
——
Rho
de Is
land
44.5
42.7
4.6
5.3
Indi
ana
44.9
41.4
3.9
3.4
Sout
h C
arol
ina
—43
.2—
6.0
Iow
a—
43.8
—4.
6So
uth
Dak
ota
50.2
46.6
5.5
4.0
Kan
sas
—43
.9—
5.1
Tenn
esse
e41
.141
.84.
23.
7K
entu
cky
45.2
37.4
4.8
3.5
Texa
s—
47.3
—5.
7Lo
uisi
ana
——
——
Uta
h21
.315
.83.
82.
1M
aine
42.2
43.0
3.7
3.9
Ver
mon
t43
.541
.85.
34.
8M
aryl
and
—39
.8—
3.2
Vir
gini
a—
——
—M
assa
chus
etts
45.7
47.8
5.3
4.2
Was
hing
ton
——
——
Mic
higa
n44
.038
.14.
63.
6W
est V
irgi
nia
44.4
41.5
4.1
6.4
Min
neso
ta—
——
—W
isco
nsin
47.3
49.2
——
Mis
siss
ippi
41.8
—4.
9—
Wyo
min
g49
.045
.46.
26.
2M
isso
uri
49.2
40.8
2.6
3.3
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he te
rm “
anyw
here
” is
not
use
d in
the
YR
BS
ques
tionn
aire
; stu
dent
s ar
e si
mpl
y as
ked
how
man
y da
ys d
id th
ey h
ave
at le
ast o
ne d
rink
of a
lcoh
ol d
urin
g th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12
are
15,7
23,0
00 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e 14
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
alco
hol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 3
0 da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Tabl
e 15
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
mar
ijuan
a du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
Tabl
e 15
.1.—
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
17.7
25.3
26.2
26.7
23.9
22.4
20.2
5.6
8.8
7.0
7.2
5.4
5.8
4.5
Sex
Mal
e20
.628
.430
.230
.827
.925
.122
.17.
811
.99.
010
.18.
07.
66.
0 F
emal
e14
.622
.021
.422
.620
.019
.318
.23.
35.
54.
64.
42.
93.
73.
0
Rac
e/et
hnic
it y1
Whi
te17
.324
.525
.026
.424
.421
.720
.35.
07.
15.
86.
54.
84.
53.
8 B
lack
18.6
28.6
28.2
26.4
21.8
23.9
20.4
7.3
12.3
9.1
7.2
6.1
6.6
4.9
His
pani
c19
.427
.828
.628
.224
.623
.823
.07.
512
.910
.410
.77.
48.
27.
7 A
sian
(2 )(2 )
(2 )13
.510
.99.
56.
7(2 )
(2 )(2 )
4.3
4.7
!4.
3!
‡ A
mer
ican
Indi
an17
.428
.044
.236
.236
.432
.830
.3‡
10.1
!16
.2!
‡21
.5!
11.4
!9.
2 P
acifi
c Is
land
er(2 )
(2 )(2 )
33.8
21.9
28.1
!12
.4(2 )
(2 )(2 )
11.0
6.4
!9.
1!
‡ M
ore
than
one
rac
e(2 )
(2 )(2 )
29.1
31.8
28.3
16.9
(2 )(2 )
(2 )7.
85.
211
.4!
3.6
Gra
de 9
th13
.220
.923
.621
.719
.418
.517
.44.
48.
78.
16.
65.
56.
65.
0 1
0th
16.5
25.5
25.0
27.8
24.8
22.0
20.2
6.5
9.8
6.4
7.6
5.8
5.2
4.6
11t
h18
.427
.629
.326
.725
.824
.121
.06.
58.
67.
97.
05.
15.
64.
1 1
2th
22.0
26.2
26.6
31.5
26.9
25.8
22.8
5.1
8.0
5.7
7.3
4.9
5.0
4.1
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
——
26.8
27.5
25.6
23.4
——
—8.
08.
56.
86.
8—
Sub
urba
n—
—27
.026
.122
.522
.8—
——
7.0
6.4
4.7
6.0
— R
ural
——
21.9
28.0
26.2
19.9
——
—4.
9!
8.1
5.3
3.9
—
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 A
mer
ican
Indi
an in
clud
es A
lask
a N
ativ
e, B
lack
incl
udes
Afr
ican
Am
eric
an, P
acifi
c Is
land
er in
clud
es N
ativ
e H
awai
ian,
and
His
pani
c in
clud
es L
atin
o. R
espo
nden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s be
ing
of H
ispa
nic
orig
in a
re c
lass
ified
as
His
pani
c, r
egar
dles
s of
thei
r ra
ce.
2 Th
e re
spon
se c
ateg
orie
s fo
r ra
ce/e
thni
city
cha
nged
in 1
999
mak
ing
com
pari
sons
of s
ome
cate
gori
es w
ith e
arlie
r ye
ars
prob
lem
atic
. In
1993
, 199
5, a
nd 1
997,
Asi
an s
tude
nts
and
Paci
fic
Isla
nder
stu
dent
s w
ere
not c
ateg
oriz
ed s
epar
atel
y an
d st
uden
ts w
ere
not g
iven
the
optio
n of
cho
osin
g m
ore
than
one
rac
e.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
they
use
d m
ariju
ana.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
are
13,
093,
000
stud
ents
in 1
993;
13,
697,
000
in 1
995;
14,
272,
000
in 1
997;
14,
623,
000
in 1
999;
15,
061,
000
in 2
001;
15,
723,
000
in 2
003;
and
16,
286,
000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), va
riou
s ye
ars,
199
3–20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e 15
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
mar
ijuan
a du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 15
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
mar
ijuan
a du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es22
.420
.25.
84.
5
Ala
bam
a17
.718
.52.
63.
5M
onta
na23
.122
.36.
46.
1A
lask
a23
.9—
6.5
—N
ebra
ska
18.3
17.5
3.9
3.1
Ari
zona
23.7
20.0
5.6
5.1
Nev
ada
22.3
17.3
5.3
5.7
Ark
ansa
s—
18.9
—4.
1N
ew H
amps
hire
30.6
25.9
6.6
—C
alifo
rnia
——
——
New
Jers
ey—
19.9
—3.
5C
olor
ado
—22
.7—
6.0
New
Mex
ico
—26
.2—
8.4
Con
nect
icut
—23
.1—
5.1
New
Yor
k20
.718
.34.
53.
6D
elaw
are
27.3
22.8
6.0
5.6
Nor
th C
arol
ina
24.3
21.4
3.5
4.1
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
23.5
14.5
7.5
4.8
Nor
th D
akot
a20
.615
.56.
34.
0Fl
orid
a21
.416
.84.
94.
0O
hio
21.5
20.9
4.2
4.3
Geo
rgia
19.6
18.9
3.2
3.3
Okl
ahom
a22
.018
.74.
33.
0H
awai
i—
17.2
—7.
2O
rego
n—
——
—Id
aho
14.7
17.1
2.7
3.9
Penn
sylv
ania
——
——
Illin
ois
——
——
Rho
de Is
land
27.7
25.0
7.4
7.2
Indi
ana
22.1
18.9
3.8
3.4
Sout
h C
arol
ina
—19
.1—
4.6
Iow
a—
15.6
—2.
7So
uth
Dak
ota
21.5
16.8
4.5
2.9
Kan
sas
—15
.6—
3.2
Tenn
esse
e23
.619
.54.
13.
5K
entu
cky
21.1
15.8
4.3
3.2
Texa
s—
21.7
—3.
8Lo
uisi
ana
——
——
Uta
h11
.47.
63.
71.
7M
aine
26.4
22.2
6.3
4.6
Ver
mon
t28
.225
.38.
07.
1M
aryl
and
—18
.5—
3.7
Vir
gini
a—
——
—M
assa
chus
etts
27.7
26.2
6.3
5.3
Was
hing
ton
——
——
Mic
higa
n24
.018
.87.
03.
7W
est V
irgi
nia
23.1
19.6
4.5
4.9
Min
neso
ta—
——
—W
isco
nsin
21.9
15.9
——
Mis
siss
ippi
20.7
—4.
4—
Wyo
min
g20
.417
.85.
14.
0M
isso
uri
21.8
18.1
3.1
4.0
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty”
was
not
def
ined
for
surv
ey r
espo
nden
ts. T
he te
rm “
anyw
here
” is
not
use
d in
the
YR
BS
ques
tionn
aire
; stu
dent
s ar
e si
mpl
y as
ked
how
man
y tim
es d
urin
g th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys th
ey u
sed
mar
ijuan
a. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
Tabl
e 15
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
mar
ijuan
a du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Tabl
e 16
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
afra
id o
f att
ack
or h
arm
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
Tabl
e 16
.1.—
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
Stud
ent o
rsc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9519
9920
0120
0320
0519
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
11.8
7.3
6.4
6.1
6.2
—5.
74.
65.
45.
1
Sex
Mal
e10
.86.
56.
45.
35.
9—
4.1
3.7
4.0
4.5
Fem
ale
12.8
8.2
6.4
6.9
6.6
—7.
45.
66.
85.
7
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te8.
15.
04.
94.
14.
5—
4.3
3.7
3.8
4.2
Bla
ck20
.313
.58.
910
.79.
0—
8.7
6.3
10.0
7.2
His
pani
c20
.911
.710
.69.
510
.1—
8.9
6.5
7.4
6.1
Oth
er13
.56.
76.
45.
06.
3—
5.4
6.6
3.9
5.9
!
Gra
de 6
th14
.310
.910
.610
.09.
5—
7.8
6.3
6.8
5.7
7th
15.3
9.5
9.2
8.2
9.1
—6.
15.
56.
77.
5 8
th13
.08.
17.
66.
36.
9—
5.5
4.4
5.3
4.9
9th
11.6
7.1
5.5
6.3
5.7
—4.
64.
54.
33.
8 1
0th
11.0
7.1
5.0
4.4
5.3
—4.
84.
25.
34.
6 1
1th
8.9
4.8
4.8
4.7
4.5
—5.
94.
74.
74.
1 1
2th
7.8
4.8
2.9
3.7
3.3
—6.
13.
34.
95.
3
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
18.4
11.6
9.7
9.5
10.2
—9.
17.
48.
16.
6 S
ubur
ban
9 .8
6.2
4.8
4.8
4.7
—5.
03.
84.
44.
5 R
ural
8.6
4.8
6.0
4.7
5.1
—3.
03.
04.
04.
6
Sect
or P
ublic
12.2
7.7
6.6
6.4
6.5
—5.
84.
65.
45.
1 P
riva
te7.
33.
64.
63.
03.
8—
5.0
5.1
4.7
4.7
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, fro
m 2
003
onw
ard,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s
mor
e th
an o
n e r
ace
wer
e in
clud
ed in
the
Oth
er c
ateg
ory.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
race
. Due
to
chan
ges
in r
acia
l/eth
n ic
cate
gori
es, c
ompa
riso
ns o
f rac
e/et
hnic
ity a
cros
s ye
ars
shou
ld b
e m
ade
with
cau
tion.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, a
nd, f
rom
200
1 on
war
d, g
oing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. Fo
r th
e 20
01 s
urve
y, th
e w
ordi
ng w
as c
hang
ed
from
“at
tack
or
harm
” to
“at
tack
or
thre
at o
f atta
ck.”
Incl
udes
stu
dent
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
they
som
etim
es o
r m
ost o
f the
tim
e fe
ared
bei
ng v
ictim
ized
in th
is w
ay. F
ear
of a
ttack
aw
ay fr
om
scho
ol w
as n
ot c
olle
cted
in 1
995.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
pl
ease
see
app
endi
x A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
r im
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
At s
choo
lA
way
from
sch
ool
Tabl
e 16
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g af
raid
of
atta
ck o
r ha
rm d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
loca
tion
and
sel
ecte
d
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 17
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d av
oidi
ng s
choo
l act
ivit
ies
or o
ne o
r m
ore
plac
es in
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
Tabl
e 17
.1.—
mon
ths
beca
use
of fe
ar o
f att
ack
or h
arm
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Act
ivity
or
plac
e av
oide
d19
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
—6.
96.
15.
05.
5
Avo
ided
sch
ool a
ctiv
ities
—3.
22.
31.
92.
1 A
ny e
xtra
curr
icul
ar a
ctiv
ities
1.7
0.8
1.1
1.0
1.0
Any
cla
ss—
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
Sta
yed
hom
e fr
om s
choo
l—
2.3
1.1
0.8
0.7
Avo
ided
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l8.
74.
64.
74.
04.
5 E
ntra
nce
to th
e sc
hool
2.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.0
Hal
lway
s or
st a
irs
in s
choo
l4.
22.
12.
11.
72.
1 P
arts
of t
he s
choo
l caf
eter
ia2.
51.
31.
41.
21.
8 A
ny s
choo
l res
troo
ms
4.4
2.1
2.2
2.0
2.1
Oth
er p
lace
s in
side
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing
2.5
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.4
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: F
or th
e 20
01 s
urve
y, th
e w
ordi
ng w
as c
hang
ed fr
om “
atta
ck o
r ha
rm”
to “
atta
ck o
r th
reat
of a
ttack
.” In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al
stan
dard
s; th
e ref
ore,
inte
rpre
t the
dat
a w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
are
23,3
25,0
00 in
199
5; 2
4,61
4,00
0 in
199
9;
24,3
15,0
00 in
200
1; 2
5,68
4,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of J u
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
.
Tabl
e 17
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
avoi
ding
sch
ool a
ctiv
itie
s or
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s
beca
use
of f
ear
of a
ttac
k or
har
m: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Tabl
e 17
.2.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d av
oidi
ng o
ne o
r m
ore
plac
es in
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths
beca
use
of fe
ar o
f
Tabl
e 17
.2.—
atta
ck o
r ha
rm, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
8.7
4.6
4.7
4.0
4.5
Sex
Mal
e8.
84.
64.
73.
94.
9 F
emal
e8.
54.
64.
64.
14.
1
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity1
Whi
te7.
13.
83.
93.
03.
6 B
lack
12.1
6.7
6.6
5.1
7.1
His
pani
c12
.96.
25.
56.
36.
0 O
ther
11.1
5.4
6.2
4.4
3.1
Gra
de 6
th11
.65.
96.
85.
67.
8 7
th11
.86.
16.
25.
75.
8 8
th8.
85.
55.
24.
74.
4 9
th9.
55.
35.
05.
15.
3 1
0th
7.8
4.7
4.2
3.1
4.2
11t
h6.
92.
52.
82.
53.
4 1
2th
4.1
2.4
3.0
1.2
!1.
3!
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
11.7
5.8
6.0
5.7
6.3
Sub
urba
n7.
94.
74.
33.
53.
8 R
ural
7.0
3.0
3.9
2.8
4.2
Sect
or P
ublic
9.3
5.0
4.9
4.2
4.8
Pri
vat e
2.2
1.6
2.0
!1.
5!
1.4
!
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
1 O
ther
incl
udes
Am
eric
an In
dian
, Ala
ska
Nat
ive,
Asi
an o
r Pa
cific
Isla
nder
, and
, fro
m 2
003
onw
ard,
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace.
For
this
rep
ort,
non-
His
pani
c st
uden
ts w
ho id
entif
ied
them
selv
es a
s
mor
e th
an o
ne r
ace
wer
e in
clud
ed in
the
Oth
er c
ateg
ory.
Res
pond
ents
who
iden
tifie
d th
emse
lves
as
bein
g of
His
pani
c or
igin
are
cla
ssifi
ed a
s H
ispa
nic,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
eir
race
. Due
to
chan
ges
in r
acia
l/eth
nic
cate
gori
es, c
ompa
riso
ns o
f rac
e/et
hnic
ity a
cros
s ye
ars
shou
ld b
e m
ade
with
cau
tion.
NO
TE: P
lace
s in
clud
e th
e en
tran
ce, a
ny h
allw
ays
or s
tair
s, p
arts
of t
he c
afet
eria
, res
troo
ms,
and
oth
er p
lace
s in
side
the
scho
ol b
uil d
ing.
For
the
2001
sur
vey,
the
wor
ding
was
cha
nged
from
“atta
ck o
r ha
rm”
to “
atta
ck o
r th
reat
of a
ttack
.” In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
e par
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
Tabl
e 17
.2.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
avoi
ding
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s be
caus
e of
fea
r of
at
tack
or
harm
, by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
110 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 18
.1.—
Num
ber
and
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
took
a s
erio
us d
isci
plin
ary
acti
on, n
umbe
r of
ser
ious
act
ions
tak
en, a
nd p
erce
ntag
e
Tabl
e 18
.1.—
dist
ribu
tion
of s
erio
us a
ctio
ns, b
y ty
pe o
f act
ion
and
type
of o
ffen
se: 2
003–
04 Num
ber
Out
-of-
scho
olR
emov
als
with
of s
erio
ussu
spen
sion
sno
ser
vice
s fo
rTr
ansf
ers
toN
umbe
rPe
rcen
tdi
scip
linar
yla
stin
g 5
days
rem
aind
er o
f sp
ecia
lized
Type
of o
ffens
eof
sch
ools
of s
choo
lsac
tions
o r m
ore
scho
ol y
ear
scho
ols1
To
tal
36,8
0045
.765
5,70
074
.24.
821
.0
Phys
ical
atta
cks
or fi
ghts
225
,800
32.0
273,
500
80.8
3.6
15.5
Insu
bord
inat
ion
317
,400
21.6
220,
400
78.1
3.1
!18
.8
Dis
trib
utio
n, p
osse
ssio
n, o
r us
e of
alc
ohol
7,40
09.
225
,500
70.8
5.5
23.7
Dis
trib
utio
n, p
osse
ssio
n, o
r us
e of
ille
gal d
rugs
17,0
0021
.291
,100
53.4
10.1
36.4
Use
or
poss
essi
on o
f a w
eapo
n ot
her
than
a fi
rear
m4,
513
,500
16.8
35,4
0057
.27.
735
.1
Use
or
poss
essi
on o
f a fi
rear
m o
r ex
plos
ive
devi
ce5
3,20
03.
99,
900
!66
.6!
‡‡
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 A
spe
cial
ized
sch
ool w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“a
scho
ol th
at is
spe
cific
ally
for
stud
ents
who
wer
e re
ferr
ed fo
r di
scip
linar
y re
ason
s. T
he s
choo
l may
als
o ha
ve s
tude
nts
who
wer
e
refe
rred
for
o the
r re
ason
s. T
he s
choo
l may
be
at th
e sa
me
loca
tion
as y
our
scho
ol.”
2 Ph
ysic
al a
ttack
s or
figh
ts w
ere
defin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“an
act
ual a
nd in
tent
iona
l tou
chin
g or
str
ikin
g of
ano
ther
per
son
agai
nst h
is o
r he
r w
ill, o
r th
e in
tent
iona
l cau
sing
of b
odily
har
m
to a
n in
divi
dual
.”3 In
subo
rdin
atio
n w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s as
“a
delib
erat
e an
d in
excu
sabl
e de
fianc
e of
or
refu
sal t
o ob
ey a
sch
ool r
ule,
aut
hori
ty, o
r a
reas
onab
le o
rder
. It i
nclu
des
but i
s no
t lim
ited
to
dire
ct d
efia
nce
of s
choo
l aut
hori
ty, f
ailu
re to
atte
nd a
ssig
ned
dete
ntio
n or
on-
cam
pus
supe
rvis
ion,
failu
re to
res
pond
to a
cal
l slip
, and
phy
sica
l or
verb
al in
timid
atio
n or
abu
s e.”
4 A
wea
pon
was
def
ined
for
resp
onde
nts
as “
any
inst
rum
ent o
r ob
ject
use
d w
ith th
e in
tent
to th
reat
en, i
njur
e, o
r ki
ll. In
clud
es lo
ok-a
likes
if th
ey a
re u
sed
to th
reat
en o
ther
s.”
5 A
fire
arm
or
expl
osiv
e de
vice
was
def
ined
for
resp
onde
nts
as “
any
wea
pon
that
is d
esig
ned
to (o
r m
ay r
eadi
ly b
e co
nver
ted
to) e
xpel
a p
roje
ctile
by
the
actio
n of
an
expl
osiv
e. T
his
incl
udes
gun
s, b
ombs
, gr e
nade
s, m
ines
, roc
kets
, mis
sile
s, p
ipe
bom
bs, o
r si
mila
r de
vice
s de
sign
ed to
exp
lode
and
cap
able
of c
ausi
ng b
odily
har
m o
r pr
oper
ty d
amag
e.”
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. S
erio
us d
isci
plin
ary
actio
ns in
clud
e re
mov
als
with
no
con
tinui
ng s
ervi
ces
for
at le
ast t
he r
emai
nder
of t
he s
choo
l yea
r, tr
ansf
ers
to s
peci
aliz
ed s
choo
ls fo
r di
scip
linar
y re
ason
s, a
nd o
ut-o
f-sc
hool
sus
pens
ions
last
ing
5 or
mor
e da
ys, b
ut le
ss
than
the
rem
aind
er o
f the
sch
ool y
ear.
Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
t hos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on,
unle
ss th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
is 8
0,50
0 pu
blic
sch
ools
. Det
ail m
ay n
ot s
um to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g. E
stim
ates
of n
umbe
r of
act
ions
and
sch
ools
are
rou
nded
toth
e ne
ares
t 100
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
(SSO
CS)
, 200
4.Perc
enta
ge d
istr
ibut
ion
of s
erio
us d
isci
plin
ary
actio
nsSc
hool
s us
ing
any
seri
ous
disc
iplin
ary
actio
n
Tabl
e 18
.1.
Num
ber
and
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t to
ok a
ser
ious
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tion
, num
ber
of s
erio
us a
ctio
ns t
aken
, and
per
cent
age
di
stri
buti
on o
f se
riou
s ac
tion
s, b
y ty
pe o
f ac
tion
and
typ
e of
off
ense
: 200
3–04
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Tabl
e 19
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
used
sel
ecte
d sa
fety
and
sec
urit
y m
easu
res,
by
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04
Bui
ldin
gs
Gro
unds
U
se
Req
uire
(e
.g.,
(e.g
., Pa
ss
Req
uire
R
ando
m
Ran
dom
se
curi
ty
clea
r lo
cked
or
lock
ed o
r Si
gn-
thro
ugh
to p
ass
dog
sniff
s sw
eeps
ca
mer
as to
book
bag
s m
onito
red
mon
itore
d in
or
me t
alFa
culty
R
ando
mth
roug
h to
che
ck
for
cont
ra-
mon
itor
or b
an
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
door
s)ga
tes)
chec
k-in
det
ecto
rsSt
uden
tsan
d st
aff
chec
ks1
daily
for
drug
s1ba
nd1,
2 s
choo
l1bo
ok b
ags
To
tal
83.0
36.2
98.3
0.9
6.4
48.0
5.6
1.1
21.3
12.8
36.0
6.2
Scho
ol le
vel3
Pri
mar
y84
.036
.898
.00.
32.
651
.62.
5‡
4.6
4.9
28.5
3.2
Mid
dle
86.7
35.7
99.6
1.8
11.3
50.0
10.0
2.1
39.7
23.5
41.8
12.7
Hig
h sc
hool
78.9
38.3
98.4
2.6
16.1
41.3
13.0
3.7
58.6
28.2
60.3
9.0
Com
bine
d73
.328
.997
.2‡
7.5
26.7
‡‡
43.5
23.4
39.1
8.9
!
Enro
llmen
t siz
e L
ess
than
300
77.7
30.4
94.2
‡1.
8!
29.5
3.3
!‡
18.9
13.8
26.1
2.7
300
–499
85.8
34.1
99.8
0.3
!4.
650
.33.
60.
7!
15.9
8.3
35.0
5.6
500
–999
84.2
37.3
99.4
1.3
6.7
54.9
6.1
1.2
21.4
12.4
37.5
8.4
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
82.6
50.4
99.6
3.1
19.6
58.7
13.7
3.1
39.9
23.9
54.8
7.7
Urb
anic
ity C
ity86
.446
. 999
.73.
09.
354
.812
.33.
111
.213
.833
.56.
3
Urb
an fr
inge
89.0
37.5
99.2
‡7.
058
.32.
9‡
16.4
8.7
41.0
5.7
Tow
n78
.729
.998
.80.
5!
3.3
37.4
5.8
‡32
.418
.339
.19.
0
Rur
al75
.228
.396
.0‡
4.4
35.1
2.8
0.5
!30
.614
.431
.45.
4
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t4
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
81.6
22.4
96.1
‡1.
035
.71.
5‡
28.5
11.3
36.0
4.2
5 to
20
perc
ent
84.6
30.2
98.5
‡4.
150
.41.
9‡
23.6
9.8
36.9
4.7
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t83
.139
.398
.4‡
6.8
53.8
4.8
0.2
!22
.213
.835
.37.
2 5
0 pe
rcen
t or
mor
e
82.2
48.9
99.6
2.7
11.8
48.8
11.9
2.7
13.5
14.7
33.8
6.9
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Swee
ps a
nd te
chno
logy
Lim
ited
acce
ss d
urin
g sc
hool
hou
rsV
isito
r re
quir
emen
tsR
equi
red
to w
ear
badg
es
or p
ictu
re ID
sM
etal
det
ecto
r ch
ecks
on
stud
ents
Tabl
e 19
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e 19
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
used
sel
ecte
d sa
fety
and
sec
urit
y m
easu
res,
by
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
Bui
ldin
gs
Gro
unds
U
se
Req
uire
(e
.g.,
(e.g
., Pa
ss
Req
uire
R
ando
m
Ran
dom
se
curi
ty
clea
r lo
cked
or
lock
ed o
r Si
gn-
thro
ugh
to p
ass
dog
sniff
s sw
eeps
ca
mer
as to
book
bag
s m
onito
red
mon
itore
d in
or
me t
alFa
culty
R
ando
mth
roug
h to
che
ck
for
cont
ra-
mon
itor
or b
an
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
door
s)ga
tes)
chec
k-in
det
ecto
rsSt
uden
tsan
d st
aff
chec
ks1
daily
for
drug
s1ba
nd1,
2 s
choo
l1bo
ok b
ags
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t88
.630
.997
.2‡
4.0
54.1
1.8
‡18
.78.
039
.34.
1
21–
50 p
erce
nt81
.829
.398
.10.
3!
4.9
46.1
3.7
0.7
!28
.713
.835
.35.
1
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t80
.745
.299
.11.
99.
046
.19.
31.
816
.314
.834
.88.
3
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
5
Les
s th
an 1
279
.932
.796
.80.
95.
043
.15.
21.
122
.113
.835
.86.
0
12–
1687
.536
.299
.81.
07.
053
.56.
21.
022
.412
.838
.07.
5 M
ore
than
16
81.2
44.6
98.8
0.9
8.5
48.7
5.3
1.1
17.1
10.5
32.4
3.9
! In
terp
ret d
ata
with
cau
tion.
‡ R
epor
ting
stan
dard
s no
t met
.1 O
ne o
r m
ore.
2 Fo
r ex
ampl
e, d
rugs
or
wea
pons
. Doe
s no
t inc
lude
dog
sni
ffs.
3 Pr
imar
y sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot h
ighe
r th
an g
rade
3 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 8
. Mid
dle
scho
ols
are
defin
ed a
s sc
hool
s in
whi
ch th
e lo
wes
t gra
de is
not
low
er th
an g
rade
4 a
nd th
e hi
ghes
t gra
de is
not
hig
her
than
gra
de 9
. Hig
h sc
hool
s ar
e de
fined
as
scho
ols
in w
hich
the
low
est g
rade
is n
ot lo
wer
than
gra
de 9
. C
ombi
ned
scho
ols
incl
ude
all o
ther
com
bina
tions
of g
rade
s, in
clud
ing
K–1
2 sc
hool
s.4 Th
ese
estim
ates
exc
lude
dat
a fr
om T
enne
ssee
bec
ause
sch
ools
in th
is s
tate
did
not
rep
ort e
stim
ates
of s
tude
nts
by r
ace/
ethn
icity
. 5 St
uden
t/tea
cher
rat
io w
as c
alcu
late
d by
div
idin
g th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
stu
dent
s en
rolle
d in
the
scho
ol b
y th
e to
tal n
umbe
r of
full-
time-
equi
vale
nt (F
TE) t
each
ers
and
aide
s. T
he to
tal n
umbe
r
of F
TE te
ache
rs a
nd a
ide s
is a
com
bina
tion
of th
e fu
ll-tim
e an
d pa
rt-t
ime
teac
hers
and
aid
es, i
nclu
ding
spe
cial
edu
catio
n te
ache
rs a
nd a
ides
, with
an
adju
stm
ent f
or p
art-
time
stat
us.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
o st k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. R
espo
nden
ts w
ere
inst
ruct
ed to
res
pond
onl
y fo
r th
ose
times
that
wer
e du
ring
nor
mal
sch
ool h
ours
or
whe
n sc
hool
act
iviti
es o
r ev
ents
wer
e in
ses
sion
, unl
ess
the
surv
ey s
peci
fied
othe
rwis
e. P
opul
atio
n si
ze is
80,
500
publ
ic s
choo
ls.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y o n
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Lim
ited
acce
ss d
urin
g sc
hool
hou
rsV
isito
r re
quir
emen
tsR
equi
re to
wea
r ba
dges
or
pic
ture
IDs
Swee
ps a
nd te
chno
logy
Met
al d
etec
tor
chec
ks o
n st
uden
ts
Tabl
e 19
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Supplemental Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Tabl
e 20
.1.—
Perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s at
sch
ool:
Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
999–
2005
Secu
rity
mea
sure
1999
2001
2003
2005
To
tal
—99
.499
.399
.4
Met
al d
etec
tors
9.0
8.7
10.1
10.7
Lock
er c
heck
s53
.353
.553
.052
.9O
ne o
r m
ore
secu
rity
cam
eras
to m
onito
r th
e sc
hool
—38
.547
.957
.6Se
curi
ty g
uard
s an
d/or
ass
igne
d po
lice
offic
ers
54.1
63.6
69.6
67.9
Oth
er s
choo
l sta
ff or
oth
er a
dult
supe
rvis
ion
in th
e ha
llway
85.4
88.3
90.6
89.8
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat s
tude
nts
wea
r ba
dges
or
pict
ure
iden
tific
atio
n—
21.2
22.5
24.7
A c
ode
of s
tude
nt c
ondu
ct—
95.1
95.3
95.1
Lock
ed e
ntra
nce
or e
xit d
oors
dur
ing
the
day
38.1
48.8
52.8
54.2
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat v
isito
rs s
i gn
in87
.190
.291
.792
.7
— N
ot a
vaila
ble.
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, a
nd, f
rom
200
1 on
war
d, g
oing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 24
,614
,000
in
1999
; 24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05.
Tabl
e 20
.1.
Perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
sec
urit
y m
easu
res
at s
choo
l: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
STANDARD ERRORTABLES
116 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S2
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
and
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
Tabl
e S2
.1.—
by lo
cati
on a
nd y
ear:
199
2–20
04
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
Yea
rTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
tTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t
At
scho
ol
1992
198,
370
153,
120
100,
850
40,7
007.
25.
84.
01.
719
9316
2,90
012
0,58
088
,770
35,4
705.
74.
43.
41.
419
9414
5,10
010
7,81
078
,580
32,5
204.
93.
82.
91.
319
9513
7,01
010
2,22
073
,970
26,3
204.
63.
62.
71.
019
9613
5,32
010
2,39
071
,600
27,7
504.
63.
62.
61.
019
9713
5,39
093
,670
71,4
6027
,750
4.3
3.3
2.6
1.0
1998
149,
930
103,
930
85,3
1033
,210
4.8
3.3
3.1
1.7
1999
125,
980
95,9
3066
,490
26,3
704.
33.
42.
41.
020
0011
3,34
085
,640
60,0
1022
,210
3.8
3.0
2.1
0.8
2001
117,
810
86,5
2063
,920
25,2
803.
92.
92.
20.
920
0210
2,04
076
,690
56,5
7017
,880
3.5
2.7
2.0
0.7
2003
87,5
2067
,900
62,6
4025
,270
3.5
2.7
2.3
1.0
2004
76,7
7058
,650
54,6
4021
,240
3.0
2.3
2.0
0.8
Aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l
1992
193,
820
123,
910
127,
290
78,0
207.
14.
84.
93.
219
9315
2,47
098
,100
99,4
0064
,490
5.4
3.7
3.7
2.5
1994
134,
190
82,7
4089
,860
56,7
604.
53.
03.
22.
119
9512
6,52
083
,180
81,0
2046
,650
4.3
3.0
2.9
1.8
1996
132,
260
89,1
6082
,400
52,2
104.
53.
22.
91.
919
9714
7,65
094
,140
94,3
0054
,410
4.7
3.2
3.2
2.0
1998
143,
160
89,2
4092
,110
53,3
704.
83.
33.
11.
719
9911
3,54
073
,780
74,2
1045
,800
3.9
2.6
2.6
1.7
2000
115,
740
78,8
2070
,980
41,1
403.
92.
82.
51.
520
0110
4,81
071
,430
63,6
0035
,620
3.5
2.5
2.2
1.3
2002
93,1
8063
,050
59,6
7036
,330
3.2
2.2
2.1
1.3
2003
79,2
4052
,600
67,9
4038
,670
3.1
2.0
2.5
1.4
2004
71,5
9052
,730
53,1
8032
,180
2.8
2.0
2.0
1.2
NO
TE: S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
ted
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
nd s
impl
e as
saul
t. To
tal c
rim
es in
clud
e vi
olen
t cr
imes
and
thef
t. “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
insi
de th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
r on
the
way
to o
r fr
om s
choo
l. Po
pula
tion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,740
,000
in 1
992;
24
,558
,000
in 1
993;
25,
327,
000
in 1
994;
25,
715,
000
in 1
995;
26,
151,
000
in 1
996;
26,
548,
000
in 1
997;
26,
806,
000
in 1
998;
27,
013,
000
in 1
999;
27,
169,
000
in 2
000;
27,
380,
000
in
2001
; 27,
367,
000
in 2
002;
26,
386,
000
in 2
003;
and
26,
372,
000
in 2
004.
Sta
ndar
d er
rors
of n
umbe
r of
cri
mes
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey (N
CV
S), 1
992–
2004
.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e S2
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
and
rat
e of
cri
mes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
loca
tion
and
yea
r: 1
992–
2004
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Tabl
e S2
.2.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
at
scho
ol a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
Tabl
e S2
.2.—
stud
ents
, by
sele
cted
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
4
Stud
ent
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
tTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t
At
scho
ol
To
tal
76,7
7058
,650
54,6
4021
,240
3.0
2.3
2.0
0.8
Sex
Mal
e55
,470
39,7
1041
,550
15,3
504.
12.
93.
01.
1 F
emal
e51
,220
41,2
3031
,690
13,8
804.
03.
22.
41.
1
Age
12–
1456
,800
40,5
6042
,750
16,2
104.
43.
23.
31.
3 1
5–18
49,7
5040
,400
30,1
9012
,900
3.6
3.0
2.2
0.9
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
61,7
7046
,120
44,1
8017
,840
3.9
2.9
2.7
1.1
Bla
ck29
,300
21,4
8020
,890
8,07
07.
25.
35.
22.
0 H
ispa
nic
26,4
1021
,590
15,6
90†
5.2
4.3
3.1
† O
ther
14,4
4012
,410
7,66
0†
8.7
7.5
4.7
†
Ur b
anic
ity U
rban
41,0
8029
,500
30,2
0012
,740
5.6
4.0
4.1
1.8
Sub
urba
n54
,270
43,2
9034
,340
14,8
403.
72.
92.
31.
0 R
ural
30,6
1021
,660
22,7
70†
6.6
4.7
4.9
†
Hou
seho
ld in
com
e L
ess
than
$15
,000
18,8
7011
,030
16,3
90†
8.0
4.8
7.0
† $
15,0
00–2
9,99
923
,310
16,1
5017
,740
†6.
14.
34.
7†
$30
,000
–49,
999
29,4
0023
,160
18,7
80†
6.0
4.8
3.9
† $
50,0
00–7
4,99
935
,940
25,2
2027
,050
11,4
808.
46.
06.
42.
8 $
75,0
00 o
r m
ore
38,7
2032
,180
22,1
0010
,130
5.9
5.0
3.4
1.6
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: Ser
ious
vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual a
ssau
lt , r
obbe
ry, a
nd a
ggra
vate
d as
saul
t. V
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
and
sim
ple
assa
ult.
Tota
l cri
mes
incl
ude
viol
ent
crim
es a
nd th
eft.
“At s
choo
l” in
clud
es in
side
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
or
on th
e w
ay to
or
from
sch
ool.
Popu
latio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
26,
372,
000
in 2
004.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s of
num
ber
of c
rim
es a
re r
ound
ed to
the
near
est 1
0.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
(NC
VS)
, 200
4.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e S2
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
at
scho
ol a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stud
ents
, by
sele
cted
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
4
118 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S2
.3.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l and
rat
e of
cri
mes
Tabl
e S2
.3.—
per
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
004
Stud
ent
Seri
ous
Seri
ous
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
tTo
tal
Thef
tV
iole
ntvi
olen
t
Aw
ay fr
om s
choo
l
To
tal
71,5
9052
,730
53,1
8032
,180
2.8
2.0
2.0
1.2
Sex
Mal
e52
,720
37,8
6039
,200
25,7
103.
92.
82.
81.
9 F
emal
e46
,390
34,7
7032
,350
17,6
403.
62.
72.
51.
4
Age
12–
1440
,220
28,8
1029
,630
18,9
303.
22.
32.
31.
5 1
5–18
57,6
7042
,720
41,4
5024
,710
4.2
3.1
3.0
1.8
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
57,2
3042
,820
40,5
2023
,890
3.6
2.7
2.5
1.5
Bla
ck28
,620
16,8
4024
,810
17,7
207.
04.
26.
14.
4 H
ispa
nic
22,8
4019
,180
12,7
50†
4.5
3.8
2.6
† O
ther
14,5
3010
,860
10,1
60†
8.7
6.6
6.2
†
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
36,4
8023
,480
29,8
0019
,720
5.0
3.2
4.0
2.7
Sub
urba
n49
,840
37,2
5035
,030
19,6
803.
42.
52.
31.
3 R
ural
31,5
1025
,320
19,3
8012
,770
6.8
5.5
4.2
2.8
Hou
seho
ld in
com
e L
ess
than
$15
,000
18,7
6013
,130
14,1
4010
,580
7.9
5.6
6.0
4.6
$15
,000
–29,
999
35,4
9024
,460
27,2
2015
,160
9.1
6.4
7.0
4.0
$30
,000
–49,
999
16,0
7011
,900
11,3
607,
510
3.3
2.5
2.4
1.6
$50
,000
–74,
999
33,4
1023
,820
24,6
7015
,320
7.8
5.7
5.8
3.7
$75
,000
or
mor
e26
,840
22,6
7014
,740
8,05
04.
23.
52.
31.
3
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: Ser
ious
vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
rape
, sex
ual a
ssau
lt, r
obbe
ry, a
nd a
ggra
vate
d as
saul
t. V
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e se
riou
s vi
olen
t cri
mes
and
sim
ple
assa
ult.
Tota
l cri
mes
incl
ude
viol
ent
crim
es a
nd th
eft.
Popu
latio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
26,
372,
000
in 2
004.
Sta
ndar
d er
rors
of n
umbe
r of
cri
mes
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey (N
CV
S), 2
004.
Num
ber
of c
rim
esR
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e S2
.3.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
of s
tude
nt-r
epor
ted
nonf
atal
cri
mes
aga
inst
stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
aw
ay f
rom
sch
ool a
nd r
ate
of c
rim
es
pe
r 1,
000
stud
ents
, by
sele
cted
stu
dent
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
4
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Tabl
e S3
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d cr
imin
al v
icti
miz
atio
n at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
Tabl
e S3
.1.—
by t
ype
of v
icti
miz
atio
n an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Stud
ent
or s
choo
lSe
riou
sSe
riou
sSe
riou
sch
arac
teri
stic
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent
To
tal
0.35
0.29
0.21
0.09
0.35
0.32
0.18
0.09
0.31
0.24
0.19
0.08
Sex
Mal
e0.
460.
380.
270.
140.
460.
410.
260.
120.
410.
340.
260.
11 F
emal
e0.
470.
410.
250.
100.
460.
430.
220.
120.
390.
330.
240.
12
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.37
0.32
0.23
0.09
0.44
0.43
0.22
0.09
0.39
0.30
0.24
0.08
Bla
ck1.
040.
850.
610.
310.
850.
770.
550.
330.
780.
680.
400.
25 H
ispa
nic
0.90
0.78
0.43
0.30
0.77
0.61
0.38
0.22
0.64
0.69
0.41
0.33
Oth
er1.
541.
400.
87†
1.28
0.9 8
0.81
†0.
910.
87†
†
Gra
de 6
th0.
970.
660.
730.
421.
240.
970.
760.
400.
900.
700.
66†
7th
0.81
0.71
0.54
0.24
0.81
0.73
0.43
0.27
0.66
0.51
0.47
0.24
8th
0.78
0.72
0.44
0.23
0.84
0.81
0.44
0.22
0.61
0.50
0.34
0.14
9th
0.88
0.77
0.50
0.21
0.79
0.71
0.47
0.18
0.81
0.76
0.46
0.31
10t
h0.
760.
720.
360.
170.
820.
730.
39†
0.77
0.72
0.31
0.18
11t
h0.
740.
660.
400.
160.
880.
670.
58†
0.62
0.57
0.39
† 1
2th
0.74
0.67
0.41
†0.
810.
710.
31†
0.52
0.45
0.31
†
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
0.64
0.51
0.40
0.24
0.69
0.59
0.38
0.19
0.58
0.52
0.29
0.15
Sub
urba
n0.
490.
400.
300.
120.
430.
360.
260.
110.
400.
320.
200.
09 R
ural
0.79
0.66
0.31
0.10
0.96
0.95
0.50
0.18
0.93
0.65
0.64
0.24
Sect
or P
ublic
0.38
0.32
0.22
0.10
0.37
0.34
0.20
0.10
0.34
0.26
0.20
0.09
Pri
vate
0.90
0.74
0.45
†0.
800.
78†
†0.
720.
670.
32†
See
n ote
s at
end
of t
able
.
2001
1995
1999
Tabl
e S3
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
crim
inal
vic
tim
izat
ion
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s,
by
typ
e of
vic
tim
izat
ion
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S3
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d cr
imin
al v
icti
miz
atio
n at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
Tabl
e S3
.1.—
by t
ype
of v
icti
miz
atio
n an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
—C
onti
nued
Stud
ent
and
scho
olSe
riou
sSe
riou
sch
arac
teri
stic
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent
Tota
lTh
eft
Vio
lent
viol
ent
To
tal
0.24
0.21
0.15
0.06
0.30
0.27
0.14
0.07
Sex
Mal
e0.
330.
270.
240.
100.
400.
330.
240.
10 F
emal
e0.
360.
320.
16†
0.38
0.35
0.15
0.08
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.31
0.28
0.18
0.06
0.34
0.32
0.19
0.09
Bla
ck0.
800.
660.
41†
0.80
0.66
0.47
† H
ispa
nic
0.50
0.41
0.28
0.18
0.70
0.63
0.24
0.16
Oth
er1.
081.
04†
†0.
700.
59†
†
Gra
de 6
th0.
770.
630.
53†
0.84
0.77
0.49
† 7
th0.
740.
670.
43†
0.69
0.49
0.50
† 8
th0.
650.
560.
350.
150.
640.
540.
40†
9th
0.70
0.62
0.31
0.21
0.67
0.60
0.30
† 1
0th
0.63
0.59
0.36
†0.
680.
620.
24†
11t
h0.
680.
640.
33†
0.52
0.46
0.32
† 1
2th
0.71
0.68
0.26
†0.
790.
79†
†
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
0.58
0.47
0.32
0.14
0.63
0.51
0.32
0.17
Sub
urba
n0.
330.
270.
190.
050.
330.
310.
180.
08 R
ural
0.75
0.66
0.31
†0.
700.
690.
27†
Sect
or P
ublic
0.26
0.22
0.15
0.06
0.31
0.28
0.15
0.06
Pri
vate
0.79
0.77
0.39
†0.
730.
480.
54†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: The
ft in
clud
es p
urse
sna
tchi
ng, p
ick
pock
etin
g, a
ll bu
rgla
ries
, atte
mpt
ed fo
rcib
le e
ntry
, and
all
atte
mpt
e d a
nd c
ompl
eted
thef
ts e
xcep
t mot
or v
ehic
le th
efts
. The
ft do
es n
ot in
clud
e ro
bber
y in
whi
ch th
reat
or
use
of fo
rce
is in
volv
ed. S
erio
us v
iole
nt c
rim
es in
clud
e ra
pe, s
exua
l ass
ault,
rob
bery
, and
agg
rava
t ed
assa
ult.
Vio
lent
cri
mes
incl
ude
seri
ous
viol
ent c
rim
es a
ndsi
mpl
e as
saul
t. To
tal c
rim
es in
clud
e vi
olen
t cri
mes
and
thef
t. “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, and
, fro
m 2
001
onw
ard,
goi
ng to
and
from
sc
hool
. In
2005
, the
uni
t res
pons
e ra
te fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rma t
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A.
Popu
latio
n si
zes
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
are
23,3
25,0
00 in
199
5; 2
4,61
4,00
0 in
199
9; 2
4,31
5,00
0 in
200
1; 2
5,68
4,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
a tio
n Su
rvey
, var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
.
2003
2005
Tabl
e S3
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
crim
inal
vic
tim
izat
ion
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s,
by
typ
e of
vic
tim
izat
ion
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05—
Con
tinu
ed
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Tabl
e S4
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool
Tabl
e S4
.1.—
prop
erty
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
ch
arac
teri
stic
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
To
tal
0.44
0.52
0.45
0.42
0.55
0.75
0.35
Sex
Mal
e0.
640.
570.
710.
800.
660.
960.
42 F
emal
e0.
400.
680.
320.
640.
520.
610.
41
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.58
0.53
0.56
0.35
0.66
0.77
0.46
Bla
ck0.
951.
610.
910.
850.
710.
800.
69 H
ispa
nic
0.83
1.44
0.63
1.09
1.05
1.23
0.86
Asi
an†
††
1.05
2.73
2.66
1.10
Am
eric
an In
dian
2.50
4.22
5.15
5.45
4.57
4.79
2.67
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
††
†4.
467.
164.
314.
93 M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
1.22
2.33
3.11
2.33
Gra
de 9
th0.
920.
961.
020.
950.
891.
250.
63 1
0th
0.59
1.03
1.14
0.92
0.75
1.02
0.72
11t
h0.
640.
640.
700.
460.
650.
690.
43 1
2th
0.62
0.57
0.80
0.79
0.52
0.92
0.52
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
0.79
0.51
0.67
1.38
† S
ubur
ban
††
0.54
0.48
0.80
1.08
† R
ural
††
1.69
2.09
1.54
1.51
†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gr
ades
9–1
2 ar
e 13
,093
,000
stu
dent
s in
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Tabl
e S4
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
122 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S4
.2.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool
Tabl
e S4
.2.—
prop
erty
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 2
003
and
2005
Stat
e20
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es0.
750.
35
Ala
bam
a0.
910.
86M
onta
na0.
460.
64A
lask
a1.
01†
Neb
rask
a0.
800.
68A
rizo
na1.
230.
55N
evad
a0.
650.
96A
rkan
sas
†1.
06N
ew H
amps
hire
0.98
0.91
Cal
iforn
ia†
†N
ew Je
rsey
†1.
08C
olor
ado
†0.
75N
ew M
exic
o†
0.96
Con
nect
icut
†0.
91N
ew Y
ork
0.44
0.47
Del
awar
e0.
600.
63N
orth
Car
olin
a0.
740.
92D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a1.
420.
78N
orth
Dak
ota
0.89
0.58
Flor
ida
0.44
0.45
Ohi
o1.
300.
67G
eorg
ia0.
752.
08O
klah
oma
1.10
0.65
Haw
aii
†0.
87O
rego
n†
†Id
aho
0.82
0.59
Penn
sylv
ania
††
Illin
ois
††
Rho
de Is
land
0.84
0.87
Indi
ana
0.91
0.96
Sout
h C
arol
ina
†0.
93Io
wa
†1.
02So
uth
Dak
ota
0.71
1.04
Kan
sas
†0.
82Te
nnes
see
1.17
0.79
Ken
tuck
y0.
720.
75Te
xas
†0.
84Lo
uisi
ana
††
Uta
h1.
441.
32M
aine
0.78
0.69
Ver
mon
t0.
200.
46M
aryl
and
†1.
30V
irgi
nia
††
Mas
sach
uset
ts0.
540.
44W
ashi
ngto
n†
†M
ichi
gan
0.57
0.81
Wes
t Vir
gini
a1.
260.
78M
inne
sota
††
Wis
cons
in0.
700.
73M
issi
ssip
pi0.
82†
Wyo
min
g1.
000.
67M
isso
uri
0.93
1.19
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
),pr
evio
usly
unp
ublis
hed
tabu
latio
n, 2
003
and
2005
.
Tabl
e S4
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d w
ith
a w
eapo
n on
sch
ool p
rope
rty
du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
mon
ths,
by
stat
e: 2
003
and
2005
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Tabl
e S5
.1.—
by a
stu
dent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
,
Tabl
e S5
.1.—
1999
–200
0, a
nd 2
003–
04
1993
–94
1999
–200
0
Urb
anU
rban
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
0.23
0.45
0.40
0.29
7,12
04,
350
3,87
03,
580
0.20
0.45
0.24
0.35
7,09
04,
890
4,57
02,
600
Sex
Mal
e0.
400.
870.
610.
513,
870
2,47
01,
720
1,76
00.
380.
930.
440.
593,
610
2,60
02,
100
1,31
0 F
emal
e0.
250.
600.
470.
305,
560
3,81
03,
320
2,67
00.
200.
440.
300.
405,
490
3,47
04,
210
2,20
0
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.24
0.54
0.43
0.29
6,30
03,
850
3,72
03,
410
0.19
0.50
0.24
0.36
5,67
04,
050
4,07
02,
430
Bla
ck0.
620.
911.
301.
171,
390
1,19
061
050
00.
841.
270.
991.
782,
150
1,71
082
062
0 H
ispa
nic
1.33
2.11
1.45
1.94
1,85
01,
650
490
460
1.01
1.53
1.54
2.33
1,98
01,
560
1,19
043
0 O
ther
1.08
2.05
2.08
1.27
680
510
420
200
0.97
1.76
1.40
1.30
850
580
530
190
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el E
lem
enta
r y0.
300.
670.
520.
384,
520
3,40
02,
710
2,29
00.
290.
600.
410.
525,
560
3,77
03,
800
2,12
0 S
econ
dary
0.28
0.49
0.50
0.42
5,38
02,
790
2,79
02,
450
0.26
0.56
0.36
0.42
4,36
02,
780
2,87
01,
560
Sect
or P
ublic
0.26
0.56
0.42
0.32
7,03
04,
390
3,50
03,
530
0.22
0.55
0.27
0.37
7,06
04,
860
4,43
02,
570
Pri
vate
0.29
0.38
0.68
0.61
1,11
061
099
049
00.
350.
470.
470.
951,
700
1,00
095
054
0
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e S5
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry
by
a s
tude
nt f
rom
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–
20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S5
.1.—
by a
stu
dent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
,
Tabl
e S5
.1.—
1999
–200
0, a
nd 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
2003
–04
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
0.24
0.53
0.33
0.33
8,71
05,
490
6,67
01,
920
Sex
Mal
e0.
391.
020.
430.
503,
930
3,15
02,
190
920
Fem
ale
0.27
0.67
0.39
0.39
7,23
05,
310
5,87
01,
600
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.24
0.5 9
0.31
0.34
6,97
04,
540
5,31
01,
790
Bla
ck0.
971.
671.
732.
063,
050
2,43
01,
790
700
His
pani
c0.
821.
620.
871.
301,
810
1,65
082
024
0 O
ther
1.24
2.09
1.56
1.03
1,25
091
075
015
0
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el E
lem
enta
ry0.
370.
750.
490.
477,
200
4,50
05,
320
1,35
0 S
econ
dary
0.27
0.72
0.32
0.37
5,30
04,
080
3,07
01,
310
Sect
or P
ublic
0.24
0.60
0.33
0.31
7,81
05,
390
5,81
01,
960
Pri
vate
0.40
0.51
0.55
1.03
1,78
083
01,
350
380
NO
TE: T
each
ers
who
taug
ht o
nly
prek
inde
rgar
ten
stud
ents
are
exc
lude
d. P
opul
atio
n s i
zes
for
teac
hers
are
2,9
30,0
00 in
199
3–94
; 3,4
52,0
00 in
199
9–20
00; a
nd 3
,704
,000
in 2
003–
04.
Stan
dard
err
ors
of n
umbe
r of
rep
orts
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
Fig
ures
wer
e re
vise
d an
d m
ay d
iffer
from
pre
viou
sly
publ
ishe
d da
ta.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ools
and
Sta
ffing
Sur
vey
(SA
SS),
“Pub
lic S
choo
l Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd
2003
–04;
“Pr
ivat
e Sc
hool
Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04; “
Cha
rter
Sch
ool Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
; and
“B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s Te
ache
r Q
uest
ionn
aire
,”
1999
–200
0 an
d 20
03–0
4.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e S5
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry
by
a s
tude
nt f
rom
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–
20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
abe
S5.
.St
ada
de
os
ot
epe
ceta
gea
du
beo
pub
ca
dp
ate
scoo
teac
es
oep
ote
dt
att
eye
ep
ysca
yat
tac
edby
Tabl
e S5
.2.—
a st
uden
t fr
om s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
urba
nici
ty a
nd s
elec
ted
teac
her
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 1
993–
94,
Tabl
e S5
.2.—
1999
–200
0, a
nd 2
003–
04
1993
–94
1999
–200
0
Urb
anU
rban
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
0.13
0.24
0.25
0.17
3,94
02,
240
2,32
01,
940
0.14
0.32
0.19
0.21
4,83
03,
320
3,45
01,
580
Sex
Mal
e0.
210.
580.
290.
261,
770
1,35
074
090
00.
220.
610.
360.
291,
990
1,58
01,
630
590
Fem
ale
0.18
0.34
0.31
0.22
3,90
02,
230
2,21
01,
660
0.17
0.39
0.23
0.26
4,39
03,
010
3,04
01,
460
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.16
0.32
0.25
0.19
4,02
02,
170
2,13
01,
950
0.13
0.33
0.19
0.21
3,83
02,
450
2,98
01,
450
Bla
ck0.
410.
701.
180.
7286
083
053
031
00.
590.
890.
731.
501,
540
1,27
061
050
0 H
ispa
nic
1.00
1.59
1.14
0.66
1,29
01,
180
380
150
0.83
1.41
1.20
0.81
1,66
01,
450
930
140
Oth
er0.
771.
611.
520.
8045
034
030
012
00.
531.
070.
780.
7746
036
027
011
0
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el E
lem
enta
ry0.
200.
430.
320.
273,
280
2,18
01,
720
1,58
00.
230.
520.
310.
374,
360
3,08
03,
020
1,36
0 S
econ
dary
0.14
0.25
0.26
0.20
1,98
01,
030
1,18
01,
120
0.14
0.30
0.19
0.20
2,27
01,
430
1,54
072
0
Sect
or P
ublic
0.14
0.29
0.27
0.19
3,72
02,
350
2,16
01,
920
0.15
0.39
0.21
0.23
4,63
03,
230
3,45
01,
600
Pri
vate
0.23
0.31
0.46
0.56
850
510
660
420
0.22
0.29
0.39
0.41
1,07
063
077
023
0
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e S5
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by
a
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00,
an
d 20
03–0
4
126 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S5
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by
Tabl
e S5
.2.—
a st
uden
t fr
om s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
12
mon
ths,
by
urba
nici
ty a
nd s
elec
ted
teac
her
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 1
993–
94,
Tabl
e S5
.2.—
1999
–200
0, a
nd 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
2003
–04
Urb
anU
rban
frin
ge/
Smal
lfr
inge
/Sm
all
Teac
her
or
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
Cen
tral
larg
eto
wn/
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lci
tyto
wn
rura
lTo
tal
city
tow
nru
ral
To
tal
0.21
0.36
0.28
0.19
7,74
04,
210
5,49
01,
390
Sex
Mal
e0.
270.
740.
290.
282,
610
2,09
01,
410
490
Fem
ale
0.24
0.39
0.33
0.24
6,40
03,
390
4,81
01,
300
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.20
0.42
0.2 9
0.19
5,87
03,
350
4,92
01,
260
Bla
ck0.
781.
250.
92†
2,30
02,
010
860
† H
ispa
nic
0.86
1.22
1.38
†1,
860
1,27
01,
280
† O
ther
1.07
1.90
1.32
0.74
1,09
085
061
011
0
Inst
ruct
iona
l lev
el E
lem
enta
ry0.
350.
560.
450.
376,
630
3,42
04,
730
1,27
0 S
econ
dary
0.19
0.49
0.22
0.19
3,42
02,
500
1,97
066
0
Sect
or P
ublic
0.22
0.44
0.29
0.22
7,14
04,
280
4,97
01,
440
Pri
vate
0.31
0.48
0.48
0.74
1,41
077
01,
140
280
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: Tea
cher
s w
ho ta
ught
onl
y pr
ekin
derg
arte
n st
uden
ts a
re e
xclu
ded.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r te
ache
rs a
re 2
,930
,000
in 1
993–
94; 3
,452
,000
in 1
999–
2000
; and
3,7
04,0
00 in
200
3–04
. St
anda
rd e
rror
s of
num
ber
of r
epor
ts a
re r
ound
ed to
the
near
est 1
0. F
igur
es w
ere
revi
sed
and
may
diff
er fr
om p
revi
ous l
y pu
blis
hed
data
.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
ls a
nd S
taffi
ng S
urve
y (S
ASS
), “P
ublic
Sch
ool T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
20
03–0
4; “
Priv
ate
Scho
ol T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
; “C
hart
er S
choo
l Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00; a
nd “
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
Teac
her
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
19
99–2
000
and
2003
–04.
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Tabl
e S5
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic a
nd p
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by
a
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y ur
bani
city
and
sel
ecte
d te
ache
r an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00,
an
d 20
03–0
4—C
onti
nued
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Tabl
e S5
.3.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
Tabl
e S5
.3.—
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Stat
e19
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
4St
ate
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
419
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
U
nite
d St
ates
0.26
0.22
0.24
7,03
07,
060
7,81
0
Ala
bam
a1.
290.
990.
8855
047
046
0M
onta
na0.
580.
970.
7780
130
120
Ala
ska
0.92
0.80
1.26
9070
110
Neb
rask
a0.
610.
701.
1216
018
028
0A
rizo
na1.
071.
150.
9745
060
060
0N
evad
a1.
221.
341.
8916
025
039
0A
rkan
sas
1.38
1.18
0.81
460
360
320
New
Ham
pshi
re1.
301.
431.
3820
022
022
0C
alifo
rnia
0.91
0.70
1.00
1,75
01,
920
2,81
0N
ew Je
rsey
0.87
0.80
1.21
800
810
1,41
0C
olor
ado
1.30
0.97
0.82
540
410
400
New
Mex
ico
1.27
1.69
1.18
250
380
270
Con
nect
icut
0.86
0.88
1.28
350
440
590
New
Yor
k1.
331.
061.
642,
620
2,26
03,
900
Del
awar
e1.
561.
371.
3512
015
011
0N
orth
Car
olin
a1.
321.
631.
431,
040
1,42
01,
360
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
1.82
1.30
2.75
110
8018
0N
orth
Dak
ota
0.62
0.56
0.97
6060
100
Flor
ida
1.65
1.07
1.27
1,75
01,
670
2,19
0O
hio
1.50
1.35
1.14
1,86
01,
630
1,62
0G
eorg
ia1.
291.
421.
211,
020
1,35
01,
230
Okl
ahom
a1.
221.
160.
7952
055
036
0H
awai
i1.
490.
991.
3417
012
018
0O
rego
n1.
001.
331.
1130
038
033
0Id
aho
1.03
0.44
0.98
140
7015
0Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia1.
751.
281.
292,
390
1,66
01,
560
Illin
ois
0.78
0.89
1.61
950
1,33
02,
280
Rho
de Is
land
1.78
0.64
1.40
180
8019
0I n
dian
a1.
281.
121.
1886
068
077
0So
uth
Car
olin
a1.
631.
101.
3170
048
068
0Io
wa
1.19
0.93
1.13
460
390
450
Sout
h D
akot
a0.
830.
901.
1390
120
140
Kan
sas
0.89
0.78
0.80
320
270
300
Tenn
esse
e1.
461.
651.
2475
01,
030
820
Ken
tuck
y1.
331.
221.
4665
054
072
0Te
xas
1.15
0.89
1.13
3,07
02,
450
3,08
0Lo
uisi
ana
1.17
2.31
1.45
600
1,25
077
0U
tah
0.88
1.15
0.82
190
280
190
Mai
ne1.
111.
131.
0918
022
020
0V
erm
ont
1.28
1.46
1.18
100
140
120
Mar
ylan
d2.
161.
312.
241,
020
760
1,41
0V
irgi
nia
1.37
1.19
1.12
1,11
01,
220
1,05
0M
assa
chus
etts
0.83
1.48
1.23
490
1,18
01,
070
Was
hing
ton
1.33
0.97
1.29
660
560
870
Mic
higa
n1.
560.
931.
571,
280
900
1,68
0W
est V
irgi
nia
0.91
1.19
1.12
250
290
260
Min
neso
ta1.
121.
101.
1759
076
072
0W
isco
nsin
1.83
0.99
1.00
1,19
068
078
0M
issi
ssip
pi1.
480.
990.
9248
034
033
0W
yom
ing
0.79
0.95
1.31
8080
100
Mis
sour
i1.
111.
731.
2772
01,
040
1,13
0
NO
TE: T
each
ers
who
taug
ht o
nly
prek
inde
rgar
ten
stud
ents
are
exc
lude
d. P
riva
te s
choo
l tea
cher
s ar
e ex
clud
ed b
ecau
se th
e da
ta a
re n
ot s
tate
rep
rese
ntat
ive.
The
pub
lic s
ecto
r in
clud
es
publ
ic, p
ublic
cha
rter
, and
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
scho
ol te
ache
rs. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
teac
hers
are
2,9
30,0
00 in
199
3–94
; 3,4
52,0
00 in
199
9–20
00; a
nd 3
,704
,000
in 2
003–
04.
Stan
dard
err
ors
of n
umbe
r of
rep
orts
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ools
and
Sta
ffing
Sur
vey
(SA
SS),
“Pub
lic S
choo
l Tea
cher
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd
2003
–04;
“C
hart
er S
choo
l Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00; a
nd “
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
Teac
her
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04.
Num
ber
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Tabl
e S5
.3.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
thre
aten
ed w
ith
inju
ry b
y a
stud
ent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
128 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S5
.4.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
Tabl
e S5
.4.—
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Stat
e19
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
4St
ate
1993
–94
1999
–200
020
03–0
419
93–9
419
99–2
000
2003
–04
U
nite
d St
ates
0.14
0.15
0.22
3,72
04,
630
7,14
0
Ala
bam
a0.
840.
570.
7538
028
038
0M
onta
na0.
480.
380.
4760
5060
Ala
ska
0.48
0.51
0.95
4040
80N
ebra
ska
0.64
0.57
0.90
130
130
230
Ari
zona
0.67
0.94
0.57
250
480
330
Nev
ada
0.86
1.07
1.21
110
200
250
Ark
ansa
s0.
670.
590.
7221
018
028
0N
ew H
amps
hire
0.70
1.09
0.91
9017
014
0C
alifo
rnia
0.61
0.46
0.53
1,23
01,
340
1,46
0N
ew Je
rsey
0.46
0.78
0.67
380
790
790
Col
o rad
o0.
820.
600.
4531
026
022
0N
ew M
exic
o0.
721.
720.
9414
038
022
0C
onne
ctic
ut0.
460.
550.
7017
024
030
0N
ew Y
ork
0.97
0.79
1.12
1,79
01,
650
2,76
0D
elaw
are
1.06
0.92
0.99
8080
80N
orth
Car
olin
a0.
951.
230.
9567
01,
060
910
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
1.36
0.83
1.34
7050
70N
orth
Dak
ota
0.66
0.37
0.53
6040
50Fl
orid
a0.
790.
911.
5981
01,
190
2,38
0O
hio
0.69
0.83
0.83
770
1,04
01,
170
Geo
rgia
0.66
0.84
1.30
500
770
1,30
0O
klah
oma
0.76
1.12
0.54
320
530
250
Haw
aii
0.57
0.57
1.14
7070
160
Ore
gon
0.64
0.60
0.55
170
180
160
Idah
o0.
770.
390.
7590
6012
0Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia1.
020.
970.
821,
230
1,21
01,
010
Illin
ois
0.51
0.39
0.78
550
560
1,09
0R
hode
Isla
nd0.
910.
590.
8790
7011
0In
dian
a0.
660.
751.
2839
045
077
0So
uth
Car
olin
a0.
930.
940.
8335
040
040
0Io
wa
0.88
0.73
0.64
310
280
250
Sout
h D
akot
a0.
460.
490.
6850
6080
Kan
sas
0.61
0.54
0.80
210
190
300
Tenn
esse
e0.
920.
671.
0144
041
067
0K
entu
cky
0.72
0.62
0.79
300
270
390
Texa
s0.
660.
750.
901,
530
1,95
02,
560
Loui
sian
a0.
821.
310.
7040
069
037
0U
tah
0.68
0.58
0.90
140
140
220
Mai
ne0.
620.
961.
0010
018
019
0V
erm
ont
1.38
0.94
†10
090
†M
aryl
and
1.34
0.93
1.40
610
520
810
Vir
gin i
a1.
230.
760.
8683
068
077
0M
assa
chus
etts
0.64
0.67
0.76
390
530
640
Was
hing
ton
0.70
0.61
0.86
340
340
560
Mic
higa
n1.
140.
910.
9595
093
01,
010
Wes
t Vir
gini
a0.
680.
670.
7815
016
018
0M
inne
sota
0.85
1.04
0.66
410
650
380
Wis
cons
in0.
780.
790.
6750
053
052
0M
issi
ssip
pi0.
780.
580.
3324
020
012
0W
yom
ing
0.49
0.47
†40
40†
Mis
sour
i0.
731.
411.
4347
087
01,
130
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: Tea
cher
s w
ho ta
ught
onl
y pr
ekin
derg
arte
n st
uden
ts a
re e
xclu
ded.
Pri
vat e
sch
ool t
each
ers
are
excl
uded
bec
ause
the
data
are
not
sta
te r
epre
sent
ativ
e. T
he p
ublic
sec
tor
incl
udes
pu
blic
, pub
lic c
hart
er, a
nd B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s sc
hool
teac
hers
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r t e
ache
rs a
re 2
,930
,000
in 1
993–
94; 3
,452
,000
in 1
999–
2000
; and
3,7
04,0
00 in
200
3–04
. St
anda
rd e
rror
s of
num
ber
of r
epor
ts a
re r
ound
ed to
the
near
est 1
0.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
ls a
nd S
taffi
ng S
urve
y (S
ASS
), “P
ublic
Sch
ool T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
20
03–0
4; “
Cha
rter
Sch
ool Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
; and
“B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffair
s Te
ache
r Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
999–
2000
and
200
3–04
.
Num
ber
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Tabl
e S5
.4.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge a
nd n
umbe
r of
pub
lic s
choo
l tea
cher
s w
ho r
epor
ted
that
the
y w
ere
phys
ical
ly a
ttac
ked
by a
stu
dent
from
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
199
3–94
, 199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Tabl
e S6
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
and
repo
rtin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
Tabl
e S6
.1.—
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
per
1,00
0 st
uden
ts, b
y ty
pe o
f cri
me:
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04
1999
–200
019
99–2
000
Perc
ent
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e Pe
rcen
t Pe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
ofof
ofpe
r 1,
000
ofof
ofpe
r 1,
000
Type
of c
rim
esc
hool
s sc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
ts
T
otal
1.23
0.85
79,3
801.
651.
371.
3524
,030
0.49
Vio
lent
inci
dent
s1.
371.
0573
,530
1.55
1.26
1.15
17,9
200.
38
Phy
sica
l atta
ck o
r fig
ht w
ithou
t wea
pon
1.52
1.21
39,4
200.
820.
910.
9812
,180
0.26
Thr
eat o
f atta
ck w
ithou
t wea
pon
1.47
1.34
47,3
801.
010.
940.
829,
780
0.21
Ser
ious
vio
lent
inci
dent
s0.
980.
994,
700
0.10
0.82
0.88
2,37
00.
05
R
ape
or a
ttem
pted
rap
e0.
100.
1716
0†
0.10
0.17
160
†
S
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape
0.33
0.32
700
0.01
0.34
0.28
670
0.01
P
hysi
cal a
tt ack
or
fight
with
wea
pon
0.60
0.46
2,33
00.
050.
500.
381,
420
0.03
T
hrea
t of a
ttack
with
wea
pon
0.70
0.71
2,57
00.
050.
590.
551,
230
0.03
R
obbe
ry w
ith a
wea
pon
0.15
0.15
440
† 0.
090.
1544
0†
R
obbe
ry w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n0.
560.
601,
890
0.04
0.41
0.51
910
0.02
Th
eft
1.37
1.29
7,04
00.
151.
041.
174,
830
0.10
Oth
er in
cide
nts
1.30
1.27
9,91
00.
201.
141.
187,
720
0.15
Pos
sess
fire
arm
/exp
losi
ve d
evic
e0.
440.
4960
00.
010.
410.
4456
00.
01
Pos
sess
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct1.
280.
851,
480
0.03
0.84
0.70
1,18
00.
03
Dis
trib
utio
n of
ille
gal d
rugs
0.50
0.55
1,65
00.
030.
480.
571,
520
0.03
Pos
sess
ion
or u
se o
f alc
ohol
or
illeg
al d
rugs
0.72
0.87
4,25
00.
090.
670.
763,
980
0.08
Sex
ual h
aras
smen
t1.
26†
† †
0.78
† †
† V
anda
lism
1.61
1.17
6,58
00.
141.
101.
064,
420
0.0 9
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
of p
ublic
sch
ools
is 8
2,00
0 in
199
9–20
00 a
nd 8
0,50
0 in
200
3–04
. Sta
ndar
d e r
rors
of n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s an
d sc
hool
s ar
e ro
unde
d to
the
near
est 1
0.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
(SS O
CS)
, 200
0 an
d 20
04.
2003
–04
2003
–04
Expe
rien
ced
vari
ous
type
s of
cri
me
Rep
orte
d to
pol
ice
Tabl
e S6
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g an
d re
port
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of
in
cide
nts,
and
the
rat
e pe
r 1,
000
stud
ents
, by
type
of
crim
e: 1
999–
2000
and
200
3–04
130 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S6
.2.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
Tabl
e S6
.2.—
the
rate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
To
tal
250
1.05
73,5
301.
550.
994,
700
0.10
1.29
7,04
00.
151.
279,
910
0.20
Scho
ol le
vel
Pri
mar
y18
01.
7151
,000
2.14
1.34
3,04
00.
131.
883,
510
0.15
1.99
5,48
00.
22 M
iddl
e40
1.06
44,7
304.
521.
102,
170
0.22
1.76
3,20
00.
311.
304,
960
0.48
Hig
h sc
hool
270
0.93
17,5
001.
481.
711,
990
0.17
1.27
4,24
00.
311.
045,
680
0.41
Com
bine
d32
03.
7112
,510
4.33
4.74
1,21
00.
445.
002,
850
1.07
4.85
4,33
01.
40
Enro
llmen
t siz
e
Les
s th
an 3
00
240
2.88
19,7
104.
862.
532,
440
0.62
3.53
2,41
00.
572.
983,
850
0.94
300
–499
80
2.19
47,1
904.
851.
612,
060
0.21
2.21
2,28
00.
232.
763,
130
0.32
500
–999
30
1.33
37,9
401.
891.
352,
060
0.11
1.73
4,14
00.
211.
624,
300
0.22
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
101.
0720
,430
1.51
2.07
2,56
00.
191.
934,
360
0.30
1.57
6,13
00.
45
Urb
anic
ity
City
70
1.82
31,7
502.
302.
323,
130
0.23
2.49
3,24
00.
242.
977,
590
0.51
Urb
an fr
inge
16
01.
8336
,490
1.95
1.69
2,13
00.
111.
664,
850
0.24
2.39
6,07
00.
28 T
own
190
2.83
13,2
102.
473.
102,
160
0.43
3.07
1,96
00.
333.
263,
550
0.60
Rur
al
120
2.42
57,1
905.
751.
471,
020
0.10
2.69
3,51
00.
352.
924,
430
0.43
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
880
2.79
17,9
302.
282.
051,
390
0.19
2.69
2,98
00.
363.
084,
440
0.49
5 to
20
perc
ent
970
2.64
19,7
701.
591.
611,
830
0.16
3.07
4,46
00.
352.
674,
900
0.41
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t1,
130
2.09
23,7
901.
962.
411,
490
0.13
3.00
4,47
00.
342.
845,
060
0.39
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
780
1.56
62,4
603.
871.
743,
520
0.22
2.43
4,71
00.
282.
435,
800
0.37
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
i gib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t 68
02.
2217
,790
1.33
1.97
1,60
00.
122.
513,
430
0.23
2.75
4,31
00.
28 2
1–50
per
cent
96
01.
8729
,170
1.54
1.12
2,47
00.
152.
095,
270
0.29
1.80
6,27
00.
34 M
ore
than
50
perc
ent
940
1.65
61,8
103.
582.
123,
320
0.18
2.24
4,02
00.
232.
197,
710
0.43
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
sSe
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
tsTh
eft
Oth
er in
cid e
nts
Tabl
e S6
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd
th
e ra
te o
f cr
imes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Tabl
e S6
.2.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls e
xper
ienc
ing
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
num
ber
of in
cide
nts,
and
Tabl
e S7
.2.—
the
rate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
Les
s th
an 1
291
01.
8140
,860
2.44
1.65
2,49
00.
162.
154,
430
0.28
2.41
7,04
00.
45 1
2–16
890
1.67
30,1
901.
301.
313,
530
0.18
1.55
4,37
00.
212.
165,
900
0.24
Mor
e th
an 1
672
02.
3245
,240
3.63
2.03
1,74
00.
142.
634,
260
0.30
2.91
6,93
00.
46
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
n g n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
is 8
0,50
0 pu
blic
sch
ools
. St
anda
rd e
rror
s of
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
and
scho
ols
a re
roun
ded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
sSe
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
tsTh
e ft
Oth
er in
cide
nts
Tabl
e S6
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
exp
erie
ncin
g in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, nu
mbe
r of
inci
dent
s, a
nd
th
e ra
te o
f cr
imes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
132 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S6
.3.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls r
epor
ting
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool t
o th
e po
lice,
num
ber
of
Tabl
e S6
.3.—
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
of
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
To
tal
250
1.15
17,9
200.
380.
882,
370
0.05
1.17
4,83
00.
101.
187,
720
0.15
Scho
ol le
vel
Pri
mar
y18
01.
7610
,990
0.48
1.02
1,01
00.
041.
481,
640
0.07
1.87
3,79
00.
15
Mid
dle
401.
5612
,350
1.23
1.25
1,14
00.
111.
781,
960
0.19
1.53
3,44
00.
34
Hig
h sc
hool
270
1.55
8,79
00.
691.
591,
740
0.15
1.51
3,09
00.
251.
204,
740
0.33
Com
bine
d32
04.
937,
200
2.67
3.85
590
0.22
5.70
2,18
00.
835.
593,
330
1.13
Enro
llmen
t siz
e
Les
s th
an 3
00
240
2.94
10,1
302.
552.
271,
280
0.32
2.77
1,72
00.
403.
142,
890
0.70
300
–499
80
2.07
10,5
901.
081.
1149
00.
051.
951,
430
0.15
2.79
2,85
00.
29
500
–999
30
1.60
9,85
00.
501.
2395
00.
051.
622,
640
0.13
1.64
3,30
00.
16
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
101.
949,
710
0.71
1.99
1,96
00.
141.
972,
950
0.21
1.74
4,65
00.
35
Urb
anic
ity
City
70
2.29
10,1
700.
711.
931,
570
0.12
2.35
2,34
00.
172.
715,
850
0.39
Urb
an fr
inge
16
01.
829,
090
0.44
1.39
1,57
00.
081.
583,
010
0.15
2.20
5,03
00.
23
Tow
n 19
03.
514,
650
0.91
2.32
770
0.16
2.84
1,30
00.
263.
452,
580
0.45
Rur
al
120
1.98
13,4
701.
361.
2763
00.
062.
142,
350
0.24
2.23
3,33
00.
33
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t
Les
s th
an 5
per
cent
880
2.71
3,74
00.
451.
5142
00.
062.
351,
790
0.22
3.18
3,21
00.
38
5 to
20
perc
ent
970
2.40
5,82
00.
501.
1775
00.
072.
392,
960
0.25
2.44
3,70
00.
31
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t1,
130
2.32
7,20
00.
541.
6377
00.
072.
382,
910
0.23
2.46
3,65
00.
30
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
780
2.34
17,6
401.
091.
652,
020
0.12
1.96
2,87
00.
172.
224,
610
0.29
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t 68
01.
796,
260
0.43
1.34
1,15
00.
092.
242,
850
0.19
2.95
4,13
00.
25
21–
50 p
erce
nt
960
1.94
6,18
00.
421.
0768
00.
041.
903,
120
0.18
2.07
4,80
00.
28
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t94
02.
2817
,230
1.02
1.91
2,02
00.
111.
852,
270
0.14
1.87
5,46
00.
30
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
sSe
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
tsTh
eft
Oth
er in
cide
nts
Tabl
e S6
.3.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
rep
orti
ng in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l to
the
polic
e, n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s,
an
d th
e ra
te o
f cr
imes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Tabl
e S6
.3.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls r
epor
ting
inci
dent
s of
cri
me
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool t
o th
e po
lice,
num
ber
of
Tabl
e S7
.3.—
inci
dent
s, a
nd t
he r
ate
of c
rim
es p
er 1
,000
stu
dent
s by
, sel
ecte
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
Num
ber
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
Perc
ent
Num
ber
Rat
e pe
rPe
rcen
t N
umbe
rR
ate
per
ofof
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0of
of1,
000
ofof
1,00
0
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
scho
ols
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
scho
ols
inci
dent
sst
uden
tssc
hool
s in
cide
nts
stud
ents
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
Les
s th
an 1
291
01.
8611
,570
0.73
1.43
1,57
00.
101.
832,
490
0.16
2.25
5,35
00.
34
12–
1689
01.
819,
510
0.44
1.08
1,37
00.
071.
403,
070
0.15
2.29
4,74
00.
19
Mor
e th
an 1
672
02.
8711
,930
1.00
1.95
1,23
00.
102.
562,
790
0.20
3.10
5,63
00.
38
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. “
At s
choo
l” w
as d
efin
ed fo
r re
spon
dent
s to
incl
ude
activ
ities
that
hap
pen
in s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs, o
n sc
hool
gro
unds
, on
scho
ol b
uses
, and
at p
lace
s th
at h
old
scho
ol-s
pons
ored
eve
nts
or a
ctiv
ities
. Res
pond
ents
wer
e in
stru
cted
to r
espo
nd o
nly
for
thos
e tim
es th
at w
ere
duri
ng n
orm
al s
choo
l hou
rs o
r w
hen
scho
ol a
ctiv
ities
or
even
ts w
ere
in s
essi
on, u
nles
s th
e su
rvey
spe
cifie
d ot
herw
ise.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
is 8
0,50
0 pu
blic
sch
ools
. St
anda
rd e
rror
s of
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
and
scho
ols
are
roun
ded
t o th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Vio
lent
inci
dent
sSe
riou
s vi
olen
t inc
iden
tsTh
eft
Oth
er in
cide
nts
Tabl
e S6
.3.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
rep
orti
ng in
cide
nts
of c
rim
e th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l to
the
polic
e, n
umbe
r of
inci
dent
s,
an
d th
e ra
te o
f cr
imes
per
1,0
00 s
tude
nts,
by
sele
cted
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
134 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S7
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
repo
rted
sel
ecte
d di
scip
line
prob
lem
s th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, by
freq
uenc
y
Tabl
e S7
.1.—
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04
Stud
ent
Wid
espr
ead
Stud
ent a
cts
ofU
ndes
irab
leU
ndes
irab
le c
ult
Stud
ent r
acia
lSt
uden
tve
rbal
abu
sedi
sord
erdi
sres
pect
gang
or e
xtre
mis
tSc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticte
nsio
nsbu
llyin
gof
teac
hers
in c
lass
room
sfo
r te
ache
rsac
tiviti
esgr
oup
activ
ities
To
tal
0.28
1.09
0.80
0.39
0.91
0.78
0.35
Scho
ol le
vel
Pri
mar
y 0.
391.
651.
030.
541.
290.
93†
Mid
dle
0.68
1.35
1.02
0.69
1.51
1.46
0.74
Hig
h sc
hool
0.
591.
400.
960.
601.
381.
681.
14 C
ombi
ned
†4.
193.
30†
4.24
3.18
†
Enro
llmen
t siz
e L
ess
than
300
†2.
712.
321.
092.
631.
670.
81 3
00–4
990.
501.
891.
360.
581.
881.
270.
47 5
00–9
990.
551.
521.
080.
471.
471.
180.
38 1
,000
or
mor
e0.
901.
881.
361.
001.
791.
480.
96
Urb
anic
i ty C
ity0.
852.
011.
800.
682.
232.
050.
52 U
rban
frin
ge0.
421.
900.
890.
591.
121.
280.
68 T
own
1.14
3.05
2.64
1.52
2.84
2.19
1.64
Rur
al†
2.11
1.43
0.69
1.71
1.23
0.31
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t L
ess
than
5 p
erce
nt†
2.45
1.26
†1.
500.
770.
58 5
to 2
0 pe
rcen
t0.
462.
021.
140.
551.
611.
240.
58 2
0 to
50
perc
ent
0.81
2.62
1.89
0.81
2.10
1.78
1.07
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
0.65
1.93
1.76
1.06
1.99
1.80
0.39
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t0.
331.
830.
620.
201.
220.
990.
81 2
1–50
per
cent
0.40
1.61
0.72
0.22
1.25
0.94
0.38
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t0.
531.
641.
730.
851.
911.
800.
54
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Hap
pens
at l
east
onc
e a
wee
kH
appe
ns a
t all
Tabl
e S7
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t re
port
ed s
elec
ted
disc
iplin
e pr
oble
ms
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
by f
requ
ency
an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Tabl
e S7
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pub
lic s
choo
ls t
hat
repo
rted
sel
ecte
d di
scip
line
prob
lem
s th
at o
ccur
red
at s
choo
l, by
freq
uenc
y
Tabl
e S8
.1.—
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
003–
04—
Con
tinu
ed
Stud
ent
Wid
espr
ead
Stud
ent a
cts
ofU
ndes
irab
leU
ndes
irab
le c
ult
Stud
ent r
acia
lSt
uden
tve
rbal
abu
sedi
sord
erdi
sres
pect
gang
or e
xtre
mis
tSc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticte
nsio
nsbu
llyin
gof
teac
hers
in c
lass
room
sfo
r te
ache
rsac
tiviti
esgr
oup
activ
ities
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
Les
s th
an 1
20.
281.
841.
290.
591.
561.
290.
54 1
2–16
0.63
2.03
1.12
0.60
1.55
1.14
0.50
Mor
e th
an 1
60.
752.
461.
350.
591.
921.
780.
64
Prev
alen
ce o
f vio
lent
inci
dent
s N
o vi
olen
t inc
iden
ts†
2.50
0.66
†1.
290.
74†
Any
vio
lent
inci
dent
s0.
341.
140.
960.
451.
020.
970.
43
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: Eit h
er s
choo
l pri
ncip
als
or th
e pe
rson
mos
t kno
wle
dgea
ble
abou
t dis
cipl
ine
issu
es a
t sch
ool c
ompl
eted
the
SSO
CS
ques
tionn
aire
. “A
t sch
ool”
was
def
ined
for
resp
onde
nts
to in
clud
e ac
tiviti
es th
at h
appe
n in
sch
ool b
uild
ings
, on
scho
ol g
roun
ds, o
n sc
hool
bus
es, a
nd a
t pla
ces
that
hol
d sc
hool
-spo
nsor
ed e
vent
s or
act
iviti
es. R
espo
nden
ts w
ere
inst
ruct
ed to
res
pond
onl
y fo
r th
ose
times
tha t
wer
e du
ring
nor
mal
sch
ool h
ours
or
whe
n sc
hool
act
iviti
es o
r ev
ents
wer
e in
ses
sion
, unl
ess
the
surv
ey s
peci
fied
othe
rwis
e. P
opul
atio
n si
ze is
80,
500
scho
ols.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
f or
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Hap
pens
at l
east
onc
e a
wee
kH
appe
ns a
t all
Tabl
e S7
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t re
port
ed s
elec
ted
disc
iplin
e pr
oble
ms
that
occ
urre
d at
sch
ool,
by f
requ
ency
an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—C
onti
nued
136 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S8
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s ag
es 1
2–18
who
rep
orte
d th
at g
angs
wer
e pr
esen
t at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
Tabl
e S8
.1.—
mon
ths,
by
urba
nici
ty a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
001,
200
3, a
nd 2
005
Stud
ent o
rsc
hool
cha
ract
eris
ticTo
tal
Urb
anSu
burb
anR
ural
Tota
lU
rban
Subu
rban
Rur
alTo
tal
Urb
anSu
burb
anR
ural
To
tal
0.71
1.23
0.72
1.71
0.70
1.33
0.84
1.81
0.91
1.99
0.88
2.52
Sex
Mal
e0.
861.
620.
922.
080.
951.
711.
072.
001.
052.
271.
093.
18 F
emal
e0.
901.
521.
081.
840.
791.
840.
922.
341.
082.
441.
112.
78
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.72
1.28
0.75
1.70
0.59
1.71
0.67
1.42
0.82
1.81
0.86
2.47
Bla
ck1.
902.
792.
795.
782.
142.
433.
937.
172.
342.
914.
166.
37 H
ispa
n ic
1.82
2.45
2.25
7.49
1.76
2.17
2.14
4.11
2.71
4.54
2.53
6.34
Oth
er2.
184.
412.
95†
2.54
4.09
2.96
†2.
314.
682.
806.
49
Gra
de 6
th1.
282.
451.
522.
781.
283.
421.
25†
1.34
3.05
1.49
3.25
7th
1.09
2.54
1.16
1.87
1.14
2.32
1.28
2.56
1.22
2.62
1.48
3.48
8th
1.22
2.66
1.50
2.24
1.29
2.63
1.65
3.26
1.70
3.80
1.65
4.13
9th
1.27
2.77
1.48
3.03
1.44
3.25
1.58
3.00
1.60
3.73
1.87
3.97
10t
h1.
483.
081.
583.
051.
372.
821.
723.
501.
893.
772.
343.
61 1
1th
1.56
3.18
1.71
3.85
1.64
2.81
2.34
3.30
1.84
3.82
2.18
4.48
12t
h1.
543.
211.
814.
511.
502.
751.
913.
602.
133.
662.
545.
67
Sect
or P
ublic
0.77
1.35
0.80
1.80
0.78
1.50
0.91
2.02
0.99
2.10
0.97
2.66
Pri
vate
1.05
1.38
1.45
†0.
821.
620.
78†
0.95
2.27
1.03
†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: All
gang
s, w
heth
er o
r no
t the
y ar
e in
volv
ed in
vio
lent
or
illeg
al a
ctiv
ity, a
re in
clud
ed. “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, o
r go
ing
to a
nd
from
sch
ool.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
E S s
tatis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A.
Popu
latio
n si
zes
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
are
24,3
15,0
00 in
200
1; 2
5,68
4,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 200
1–20
05.
2001
2003
2005
Tabl
e S8
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
that
gan
gs w
ere
pres
ent
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s,
by
urb
anic
ity
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
001,
200
3, a
nd 2
005
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Tabl
e S9
.1.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S9
.1.—
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
1.33
1.55
0.90
1.23
1.01
1.95
1.05
Sex
Mal
e1.
501.
731.
191.
691.
202.
071.
23 F
emal
e1.
311.
431.
221.
261.
031.
921.
03
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
1.69
2.24
1.36
1.50
1.31
2.68
1.32
Bla
ck1.
491.
981.
692.
031.
721.
422.
22 H
ispa
nic
1.58
2.45
2.04
2.10
1.17
1.91
1.18
Asi
an†
††
2.65
2.92
3.71
2.68
Am
eric
an In
dian
4.55
4.78
4.54
5.90
5.15
5.64
3.57
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
††
†4.
335.
736.
195.
75 M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
2.72
3.22
3.99
3.13
Gra
de 9
th1.
241.
692.
332.
511.
592.
391.
21 1
0th
1.86
1.54
1.71
1.94
1.39
2.02
1.68
11t
h1.
611.
881.
422.
161.
392.
331.
03 1
2th
1.82
2.63
1.80
1.11
1.30
2.24
1.40
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
1.11
1.50
1.36
2.12
† S
ubur
ban
††
0.94
1.87
1.34
2.16
† R
ural
††
1.91
5.76
3.10
5.08
†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gr
ades
9–1
2 ar
e 13
,093
,000
stu
dent
s in
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Tabl
e S9
.1.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 12
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
138 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S9
.2.—
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S9
.2.—
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es1.
951.
05
Ala
bam
a1.
781.
90M
onta
na1.
231.
09A
lask
a1.
24†
Neb
rask
a1.
040.
83A
rizo
na1.
351.
19N
evad
a1.
301.
53A
rkan
sas
†1.
35N
ew H
amps
hire
1.87
1.40
Cal
iforn
ia†
†N
ew Je
rsey
†1.
32C
olor
ado
†1.
81N
ew M
exic
o†
1.37
Con
nect
icut
†0.
90N
ew Y
ork
0.97
0.76
Del
awar
e0.
901.
05N
orth
Car
olin
a1.
741.
66D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a1.
461.
18N
orth
Dak
ota
1.07
1.10
Flor
ida
0.81
0.85
Ohi
o1.
681.
88G
eorg
ia1.
001.
25O
klah
oma
1.23
1.49
Haw
aii
†1.
74O
rego
n†
†Id
aho
1.26
1.52
Penn
sylv
ania
††
Illin
ois
††
Rho
de Is
land
1.26
1.11
Indi
ana
1.55
1.33
Sout
h C
arol
ina
†1.
45Io
wa
†1.
37So
uth
Dak
ota
1.25
2.30
Kan
sas
†1.
27Te
nnes
see
2.25
1.21
Ken
tuck
y1.
511.
23Te
xas
†1.
73Lo
uisi
ana
††
Uta
h2.
041.
36M
aine
1.73
1.89
Ver
mon
t1.
671.
59M
aryl
and
†2.
04V
irgi
nia
††
Mas
sach
uset
ts1.
081.
09W
ashi
ngto
n†
†M
ichi
gan
1.50
1.37
Wes
t Vir
gini
a2.
061.
36M
inne
sota
††
Wis
cons
in1.
181.
18M
issi
ssip
pi1.
31†
Wyo
min
g0.
990.
97M
isso
uri
2.09
1.92
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Tabl
e S9
.2.
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d th
at d
rugs
wer
e m
ade
avai
labl
e to
the
m o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
12 m
onth
s, b
y st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Tabl
e S1
0.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g ta
rget
s of
hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
and
see
ing
hate
-rel
ated
Tabl
e S1
0.1.
—gr
affit
i at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05
Stud
ent o
rsc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9920
0120
0320
0519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
†0.
460.
470.
500.
940.
750.
840.
80
Sex
Mal
e†
0.65
0.61
0.69
1.06
0.89
0.97
1.07
Fem
ale
†0.
520.
640.
631.
140.
921.
060.
92
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
†0.
580.
560.
601.
200.
950.
860.
97 B
lack
†1.
081.
351.
471.
711.
521.
952.
17 H
ispa
nic
†1.
150.
961.
151.
461.
872.
241.
74 O
ther
†2.
052.
031.
962.
532.
822.
833.
16
Gra
de 6
th†
1.26
1.31
1.61
1.82
1.88
1.83
2.19
7th
†1.
131.
041.
181.
431.
361.
411.
64 8
th†
1.07
0.92
1.05
1.51
1.40
1.53
1.51
9th
†1.
001.
231.
111.
551.
551.
481.
58 1
0th
†0.
951.
121.
051.
771.
491.
671.
85 1
1th
†1.
130.
971.
181.
741.
761.
741.
74 1
2th
†0.
871.
251.
302.
041.
791.
782.
27
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
†0.
730.
830.
851.
181.
211.
271.
40 S
ubur
ban
†0.
630.
580.
511.
120.
871.
160.
99 R
ural
†1.
111.
351.
742.
602.
561.
972.
40
Sect
or P
ublic
†0.
510.
490.
540.
970.
800.
900.
85 P
riva
te†
1.13
1.11
1.18
1.85
1.34
1.75
1.87
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, and
, fro
m 2
001
onw
ard,
goi
ng to
and
from
sch
ool.
Hat
e-re
late
d re
fers
to d
erog
ator
y te
rms
used
by
othe
rs in
ref
eren
ce to
stu
dent
s’ p
erso
nal c
hara
cter
istic
s. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
are
24,6
14,0
00 in
199
9; 2
4,31
5,00
0 in
200
1; 2
5,68
4,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, var
ious
yea
rs, 1
999–
2005
.
Hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
Hat
e-re
late
d gr
affit
i
Tabl
e S1
0.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
targ
ets
of h
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds a
nd s
eein
g ha
te-r
elat
ed
graf
fi ti
at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05
140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
0.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g ta
rget
s of
hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e
Tabl
e S1
0.2.
—pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
Stud
ent o
rSe
xual
scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
Tota
lR
ace
Ethn
icity
Rel
igio
nD
isab
ility
Gen
der
orie
ntat
ion
To
tal
0.50
0.31
0.26
0.19
0.11
0.21
0.16
Sex
Mal
e0.
690.
460.
380.
250.
180.
230.
23 F
emal
e0.
630.
370.
320.
310.
160.
320.
22
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.60
0.34
0.20
0.26
0.14
0.30
0.19
Bla
ck1.
471.
010.
890.
340.
420.
590.
51 H
ispa
nic
1.15
0.86
0.82
0.43
†0.
320.
19 O
ther
1.96
1.56
1.19
1.10
†0.
56†
Gra
de 6
th1.
610.
950.
380.
420.
190.
600.
21 7
th1.
180.
830.
640.
480.
340.
480.
35 8
th1.
050.
640.
530.
410.
480.
490.
26 9
th1.
110.
740.
620.
550.
250.
510.
41 1
0th
1.05
0.61
0.55
0.48
0.20
0.56
0.48
11t
h1.
180.
770.
580.
450.
250.
490.
40 1
2th
1.30
0.84
0.57
0.58
0.30
0.46
0.52
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
0.85
0.59
0.62
0.35
0.27
0.38
0.32
Sub
urba
n0.
510.
300.
270.
210.
150.
220.
15 R
ural
1.74
1.35
0.61
0.76
0.27
0.79
0.49
Sect
or P
ublic
0.54
0.35
0.27
0.20
0.12
0.23
0.17
Pri
vate
1.18
0.89
0.78
0.66
†0.
63†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, or
goi n
g to
and
from
sch
ool.
Hat
e-re
late
d re
fers
to d
erog
ator
y te
rms
used
by
othe
rs in
ref
eren
ce to
st
uden
ts’ p
erso
nal c
hara
cter
istic
s. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n,
plea
se s
ee a
ppen
dix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, 200
5.
Hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
rel
ated
to s
tude
nt’s
cha
ract
eris
tics
Tabl
e S1
0.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
targ
ets
of h
ate-
rela
ted
wor
ds a
t sc
hool
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Tabl
e S1
1.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
bul
lyin
g pr
oble
ms
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6
Tabl
e S1
1.1.
—m
onth
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Mad
e fu
n of
,Tr
ied
to m
ake
Excl
uded
from
Prop
erty
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
calle
d na
mes
,Su
bjec
t of
Thre
aten
edPu
shed
, sho
ved,
do th
ings
did
activ
ities
dest
roye
d on
char
acte
rist
icTo
tal
or in
sulte
dru
mo r
sw
ith h
arm
trip
ped,
spi
t on
not w
ant t
o do
on p
urpo
sepu
rpos
e
To
tal
0.70
0.58
0.53
0.31
0.45
0.27
0.30
0.29
Sex
Mal
e0.
900.
730.
640.
510.
700.
390.
400.
41 F
emal
e0.
840.
790.
740.
370.
500.
320.
400.
35
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.84
0.72
0.66
0.47
0.62
0.35
0.36
0.35
Bla
ck2.
211.
721.
360.
761.
141.
000.
910.
89 H
ispa
nic
1.28
1.11
1.00
0.64
0.94
0.55
0.53
0.49
Oth
er2.
061.
821.
710.
591.
190.
740.
790.
77
Gra
de 6
th1.
992.
051.
601.
181.
750.
921.
190.
91 7
th1.
721.
571.
270.
801.
250.
830.
850.
79 8
th1.
501.
301.
100.
641.
230.
710.
680.
75 9
th1.
571.
331.
230.
670.
910.
580.
630.
53 1
0th
1.43
1.14
1.19
0.82
0.78
0.64
0.63
0.64
11t
h1.
581.
321.
290.
610.
690.
590.
610.
56 1
2th
1.75
1.52
1.54
0.71
0.66
0.51
0.72
0.63
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
1.29
0.95
1.07
0.49
0.73
0.53
0.63
0.58
Sub
urba
n0.
810.
750.
640.
420.
560.
330.
370.
32 R
ural
1.96
1.76
1.32
1.10
1.23
0.74
0.88
0.87
Sect
or P
ublic
0.74
0.61
0.55
0.33
0.48
0.27
0.30
0.31
Pri
vate
2.09
1.67
1.66
0.40
1.03
0.90
1.06
0.70
NO
TE: “
At s
choo
l” in
clud
es th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g, o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, o
r go
ing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
st
atis
tical
sta
ndar
ds; t
here
fore
, int
erpr
et th
e da
ta w
ith c
autio
n. F
or m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
see
appe
ndix
A. P
opul
atio
n si
ze fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 is
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SO
UR
CE:
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool C
rim
e Su
pple
men
t (SC
S) to
the
Nat
iona
l Cri
me
Vic
timiz
atio
n Su
rvey
, 200
5.
Tabl
e S1
1.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed b
ully
ing
prob
lem
s at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
1.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g bu
llied
at
scho
ol d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
by
Tabl
e S1
1.2.
—lo
cati
on o
f bul
lyin
g, in
jury
, and
sel
ecte
d st
uden
t an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
Out
side
on
Som
ewhe
reSt
uden
tsch
arac
teri
stic
Tota
l I
nsid
e sc
hool
scho
ol g
roun
ds S
choo
l bus
els
ew
ho w
ere
inju
red
To
tal
0.70
1.06
1.16
0.71
0.60
1.11
Sex
Mal
e0.
901.
481.
771.
000.
751.
81 F
emal
e0.
841.
331.
630.
970.
871.
40
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.84
1.31
1.42
0.78
0.70
1.47
Bla
ck2.
213.
053.
352.
371.
403.
14 H
ispa
nic
1.28
2.73
2.77
1.58
1.42
2.84
Oth
er2.
064.
144.
783.
292.
964.
63
Gra
de 6
th1.
993.
232.
971.
791.
743.
30 7
th1.
722.
162.
441.
930.
822.
57 8
th1.
502.
522.
811.
731.
122.
63 9
th1.
572.
082.
341.
291.
322.
58 1
0th
1.43
2.72
3.05
1.52
1.48
2.99
11t
h1.
583.
343.
231.
421.
922.
33 1
2th
1.75
3.16
3.79
1.68
1.88
2.92
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
1.29
2.07
2.22
1.31
1.56
2.18
Sub
urba
n0.
811.
231.
500.
970.
621.
41 R
ural
1.96
2.87
2.42
1.64
1.06
3.07
Sect
or P
ublic
0.74
1.15
1.18
0.74
0.64
1.18
Pri
vate
2.09
4.39
4.64
†1.
703.
68
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
i ng,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, or
goin
g to
and
from
sch
ool.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES
stat
istic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
lea s
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
is 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, 2
005.
Loca
tion
of b
ully
ing
Tabl
e S1
1.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
bulli
ed a
t sc
hool
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s, b
y
lo
cati
on o
f bu
llyin
g, in
jury
, and
sel
ecte
d st
uden
t an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Tabl
e S1
1.3.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
bul
lyin
g pr
oble
ms
at s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6
Tabl
e S1
1.3.
—m
onth
s an
d pe
rcen
tage
dis
trib
utio
n of
the
freq
uenc
y of
bul
lyin
g re
port
s, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
5
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
Onc
e or
twic
e in
Onc
e or
twic
e a
Onc
e or
twic
eA
lmos
t eve
rych
arac
teri
stic
Tota
lth
e pa
st 6
mon
ths
mon
tha
wee
kda
y
To
tal
0.70
1.27
1.08
0.75
0.77
Sex
Mal
e0.
901.
881.
661.
121.
04 F
emal
e0.
841.
741.
631.
091.
00
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.84
1.53
1.37
1.01
0.90
Bla
ck2.
213.
612.
541.
782.
33 H
ispa
nic
1.27
3.67
2.80
2.26
1.61
Oth
er2.
065.
114.
662.
921.
88
Gra
de 6
th2.
014.
093.
313.
041.
93 7
th1.
732.
942.
641.
691.
71 8
th1.
492.
922.
381.
391.
70 9
th1.
563.
012.
231.
991.
67 1
0th
1.43
3.76
2.73
1.95
1.67
11t
h1.
583.
783.
062.
111.
99 1
2th
1.75
4.41
4.00
1.84
2.53
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
1.29
2.36
2.17
1.50
1.61
Sub
urba
n0.
811.
661.
460.
980.
73 R
ural
1.96
3.47
2.17
2.40
2.94
Sect
or P
ublic
0.74
1.32
1.11
0.78
0.82
Pri
vate
2.09
5.16
5.32
3.22
†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, or
goin
g to
and
from
sch
ool.
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES
stat
istic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
for
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
is 2
5,81
1,00
0 in
200
5.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, 2
005.
Dis
trib
utio
n of
the
freq
uenc
y of
bul
lyin
g re
port
s
Tabl
e S1
1.3.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed b
ully
ing
prob
lem
s at
sch
ool d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths
and
perc
enta
ge d
istr
ibut
ion
of t
he f
requ
ency
of
bully
ing
repo
rts,
by
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: 2
005
144 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
2.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
havi
ng b
een
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2
Tabl
e S1
2.1.
—m
onth
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
0.99
1.14
1.01
1.17
0.71
0.99
0.77
0.59
0.79
0.64
0.62
0.49
0.76
0.56
Sex
Mal
e1.
051.
091.
071.
270.
841.
321.
010.
710.
901.
040.
660.
740.
920.
93 F
emal
e1.
191.
491.
261.
700.
950.
850.
940.
731.
030.
780.
950.
470.
700.
52
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
1.13
1.06
1.29
1.45
0.95
1.11
0.88
0.68
0.62
0.84
0.86
0.60
0.73
0.66
Bla
ck1.
821.
991.
923.
121.
601.
231.
741.
391.
251.
201.
511.
261.
301.
39 H
ispa
nic
1.58
2.69
1.68
1.65
0.91
0.98
1.64
1.75
1.68
1.50
0.91
0.89
1.14
1.62
Asi
an†
††
2.71
2.73
2.99
2.43
††
†0.
951.
922.
261.
53 A
mer
ican
Indi
an4.
796.
445.
756.
786.
586.
533.
402.
745.
585.
555.
234.
415.
033.
16 P
acifi
c Is
land
er†
††
3.42
6.25
5.21
5.58
††
†4.
607.
634.
825.
60 M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
2.76
2.85
3.64
4.16
††
†2.
401.
973.
832.
61
Gra
de 9
th1.
542.
221.
981.
961.
271.
381.
151.
551.
791.
291.
020.
771.
240.
93 1
0th
1.45
1.49
1.91
2.11
1.37
1.20
1.09
1.07
1.57
1.67
1.23
0.88
0.89
1.08
11t
h1.
521.
481.
721.
551.
101.
381.
441.
271.
000.
871.
010.
710.
890.
75 1
2th
1.56
1.71
1.36
1.91
1.01
1.08
1.26
0.66
0.73
0.73
1.00
0.56
0.70
0.70
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
2.00
2.66
1.53
2.17
††
†1.
501.
080.
901.
31†
Sub
urba
n†
†1.
591.
560.
801.
23†
††
0.95
0.86
0.75
1.23
† R
ural
††
2.91
2.14
2.58
1.61
††
†2.
092.
331.
101.
36†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
in th
e la
st 1
2m
onth
s th
e y h
ave
been
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 an
d 20
02 (N
CES
200
6-03
0 an
d 20
03-0
60) f
or s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re
13,0
93,0
00 s
tude
nts
in 1
993;
13,
697,
000
in 1
995;
14,
272,
000
in 1
997;
14,
623,
000
in 1
999;
15,
061,
000
in 2
001;
15,
723,
000
in 2
003;
and
16,
286,
000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), va
riou
s ye
ars,
199
3–20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S1
2.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
havi
ng b
een
in a
phy
sica
l fi g
ht d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s,
by
loca
tion
and
sel
ecte
d st
uden
t an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Tabl
e S1
2.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
havi
ng b
een
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2
Tabl
e S1
2.2.
—m
onth
s, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es0.
990.
770.
760.
56
Ala
bam
a1.
781.
841.
211.
29M
onta
na1.
161.
190.
680.
67A
lask
a1.
55†
0.92
†N
ebra
ska
1.14
1.02
0.81
0.60
Ari
zona
1.98
1.43
0.92
0.87
Nev
ada
1.56
1.78
1.01
1.32
Ark
ansa
s†
1.67
†1.
33N
ew H
amps
hire
1.84
1.84
1.20
1.06
Cal
iforn
ia†
††
†N
ew Je
rsey
†2.
19†
1.31
Col
orad
o†
1.54
†0.
89N
ew M
exic
o†
1.47
†1.
19C
onne
ctic
ut†
1.45
†0.
72N
ew Y
ork
0.82
1.07
0.73
0.74
Del
awar
e1.
151.
380.
700.
82N
orth
Car
olin
a1.
411.
411.
000.
85D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a1.
611.
261.
070.
88N
orth
Dak
ota
1.60
†0.
961.
13Fl
orid
a0.
740.
950.
650.
77O
hio
2.83
1.95
1.67
1.17
Geo
rgia
1.20
1.40
0.74
1.01
Okl
ahom
a2.
611.
631.
151.
13H
awai
i†
1.37
†1.
01O
rego
n†
††
†Id
aho
2.00
1.38
1.20
1.14
Penn
sylv
ania
††
††
Illin
ois
††
††
Rho
de Is
land
1.59
1.34
1.18
0.80
Indi
ana
2.01
1.51
1.14
0.98
Sout
h C
arol
ina
†1.
68†
1.19
Iow
a†
1.61
†1.
12So
uth
Dak
ota
2.72
2.86
1.12
1.56
Kan
sas
†1.
51†
0.92
Tenn
esse
e1.
941.
661.
331.
00K
entu
cky
1.66
1.17
1.05
0.81
Texa
s†
1.57
†0.
94Lo
uisi
ana
††
††
Uta
h2.
741.
841.
801.
57M
aine
1.39
1.11
1.01
1.03
Ver
mon
t0.
921.
360.
710.
98M
aryl
and
†1.
83†
1.33
Vir
gini
a†
††
†M
assa
chus
etts
1.05
1.33
0.67
0.67
Was
hing
ton
††
††
Mic
higa
n1.
512.
031.
021.
11W
est V
irgi
nia
1.62
1.88
1.39
1.41
Min
neso
ta†
††
†W
isco
nsin
1.68
1.51
0.92
1.03
Mis
siss
ippi
1.66
†1.
26†
Wyo
min
g1.
231.
080.
930.
72M
isso
uri
2.07
2.12
0.95
1.31
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
in th
e la
st 1
2 m
onth
s th
ey h
ad b
een
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re
15,7
23,0
00 in
200
3 an
d 16
,286
,000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
Tabl
e S1
2.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
havi
ng b
een
in a
phy
sica
l fi g
ht d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 1
2 m
onth
s,
by lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
3.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
carr
ying
a w
eapo
n at
leas
t 1
day
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30
Tabl
e S1
3.1.
—da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
1.18
0.66
0.91
0.97
0.99
0.90
0.80
0.73
0.45
0.79
0.60
0.52
0.57
0.46
Sex
Mal
e1.
681.
031.
571.
711.
671.
311.
350.
960.
761.
501.
070.
880.
740.
83 F
emal
e0.
850.
720.
540.
560.
410.
600.
430.
650.
530.
370.
380.
270.
500.
30
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
1.43
0.93
1.29
1.36
1.30
0.95
1.13
0.86
0.65
1.16
0.87
0.62
0.57
0.66
Bla
ck1.
242.
031.
992.
681.
231.
770.
810.
851.
130.
980.
500.
920.
960.
66 H
ispa
nic
1.35
1.87
1.44
1.35
0.78
1.31
1.10
1.09
1.63
0.99
0.73
0.53
0.56
0.91
Asi
an†
††
2.01
2.10
2.67
1.70
††
†1.
442.
052.
441.
24 A
mer
ican
Indi
an8.
085.
693.
655.
685.
524.
583.
795.
704.
353.
685.
134.
023.
401.
60 P
acifi
c Is
land
er†
††
5.02
4.35
6.37
6.52
††
†2.
663.
052.
056.
10 M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
3.34
3.41
5.03
3.11
††
†2.
763.
614.
102.
99
Gra
de 9
th1.
421.
241.
341.
581.
441.
811.
210.
730.
760.
901.
070.
661.
130.
75 1
0th
1.11
0.94
1.33
1.31
1.11
1.14
1.19
0.97
0.78
0.99
0.83
0.60
0.53
0.70
11t
h1.
661.
401.
691.
311.
261.
211.
131.
410.
941.
330.
600.
740.
800.
71 1
2th
1.46
0.93
1.65
1.44
1.28
1.06
0.95
0.83
0.68
0.91
0.78
0.71
0.64
0.64
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
1.34
0.85
0.99
1.32
††
†0.
671.
090.
670.
81†
Sub
urba
n†
†1.
021.
341.
391.
36†
††
0.68
0.74
0.68
1.01
† R
ural
††
2.12
2.19
1.86
1.91
††
†2.
191.
611.
480.
67†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
they
car
ried
a
wea
pon
duri
ng th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 an
d 20
02 (N
CES
200
6-03
0 an
d 20
03-0
60) f
or s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
3,09
3,00
0 st
uden
tsin
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S1
3.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
carr
ying
a w
eapo
n at
leas
t 1
day
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30 d
ays,
by lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Tabl
e S1
3.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
carr
ying
a w
eapo
n at
leas
t 1
day
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30
Tabl
e S1
3.2.
—da
ys, b
y lo
cati
on a
nd s
tate
: 200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es0.
900.
800.
570.
46
Ala
bam
a1.
441.
731.
351.
45M
onta
na0.
881.
200.
560.
90A
lask
a1.
14†
0.81
†N
ebra
ska
1.06
0.89
0.53
0.48
Ari
zona
0.87
0.84
0.72
0.53
Nev
ada
1.09
1.32
0.67
0.91
Ark
ansa
s†
1.15
†1.
10N
ew H
amps
hire
1.59
1.26
1.00
0.94
Cal
iforn
ia†
††
†N
ew Je
rsey
†0.
96†
0.53
Col
orad
o†
1.57
†0.
81N
ew M
exic
o†
1.44
†0.
29C
onne
ctic
ut†
1.30
†0.
83N
ew Y
ork
1.01
0.74
0.51
0.43
Del
awar
e0.
881.
040.
470.
54N
orth
Car
olin
a1.
491.
350.
790.
77D
istr
ict o
f Col
umbi
a1.
401.
110.
960.
60N
orth
Dak
ota
††
0.98
0.74
Flor
ida
0.76
0.68
0.38
0.41
Ohi
o1.
401.
270.
750.
64G
eorg
ia1.
171.
990.
521.
50O
klah
oma
1.72
1.38
1.01
0.77
Haw
aii
†1.
03†
0.72
Ore
gon
††
††
Idah
o†
1.45
0.90
†Pe
nnsy
lvan
ia†
††
†Ill
inoi
s†
††
†R
hode
Isla
nd1.
010.
900.
850.
41In
dian
a1.
931.
250.
910.
71So
uth
Car
olin
a†
1.42
†0.
82Io
wa
†1.
49†
0.70
Sout
h D
akot
a†
†0.
730.
72K
ansa
s†
1.37
†0.
85Te
nnes
see
2.06
1.58
0.80
0.92
Ken
tuck
y1.
201.
490.
860.
72Te
xas
†0.
93†
0.63
Loui
sian
a†
††
†U
tah
1.80
1.70
1.24
1.03
Mai
ne1.
202.
000.
911.
03V
erm
ont
††
0.31
0.90
Mar
ylan
d†
1.59
†0.
88V
irgi
nia
††
††
Mas
sach
uset
ts0.
890.
880.
500.
59W
ashi
ngto
n†
††
†M
ichi
gan
0.89
1.49
0.66
0.54
Wes
t Vir
gini
a1.
371.
321.
251.
00M
inne
sota
††
††
Wis
cons
in0.
811.
190.
430.
54M
issi
ssip
pi1.
78†
0.78
†W
yom
ing
1.49
1.17
0.91
0.71
Mis
sour
i1.
871.
791.
040.
99
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
they
car
ried
a
wea
pon
duri
ng th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys. T
he e
stim
ate
for
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es is
dra
wn
from
a n
atio
nally
rep
rese
ntat
ive
sam
ple
of s
choo
ls a
nd is
not
the
aggr
egat
e of
par
ticip
atin
g st
ates
. Eac
h st
ate
estim
ate
is b
ased
on
a sa
mpl
e th
at is
rep
rese
ntat
ive
of th
at s
tate
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
(NC
ES 2
006-
030)
for
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 a
re 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
2003
and
16,
286,
000
(pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), pr
evio
usly
un
publ
ishe
d ta
bula
tion,
200
3 an
d 20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e S1
3.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
carr
ying
a w
eapo
n at
leas
t 1
day
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30 d
ays,
by
loca
tion
and
sta
te: 2
003
and
2005
148 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
4.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g al
coho
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
30
days
, by
loca
tion
Tabl
e S1
4.1.
—an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
1.06
1.19
1.43
1.30
1.11
1.21
1.38
0.39
0.45
0.34
0.39
0.28
0.46
0.30
Sex
Mal
e1.
231.
331.
221.
471.
421.
311.
400.
390.
500.
660.
540.
430.
610.
39 F
emal
e1.
321.
791.
991.
451.
111.
291.
560.
540.
700.
370.
390.
390.
410.
32
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
1.26
1.77
1.51
1.62
1.12
1.51
1.84
0.44
0.62
0.42
0.55
0.26
0.45
0.38
Bla
ck1.
822.
241.
464.
072.
331.
671.
050.
980.
870.
720.
520.
650.
800.
45 H
ispa
nic
2.82
2.56
1.96
2.41
1.52
1.39
1.39
0.84
1.73
0.96
0.88
0.71
1.08
1.04
Asi
an†
††
2.24
3.22
3.47
1.98
††
†0.
421.
421.
550.
62 A
mer
ican
Indi
an7.
187.
183.
796.
433.
975.
294.
133.
063.
304.
15†
1.69
2.61
2.05
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
††
†5.
118.
547.
048.
43†
††
1.59
3.50
3.29
† M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
3.98
4.11
3.59
3.59
††
†1.
092.
362.
931.
02
Gra
de 9
th1.
791.
873.
122.
171.
821.
431.
230.
380.
900.
830.
600.
470.
690.
48 1
0th
2.00
2.38
2.19
1.89
1.29
1.66
1.95
0.43
0.88
0.71
0.67
0.45
0.60
0.45
11t
h1.
731.
511.
491.
981.
702.
081.
980.
800.
860.
860.
570.
450.
570.
47 1
2th
1.35
1.64
2.50
2.25
1.53
1.65
2.12
0.64
0.58
0.66
0.89
0.44
0.68
0.57
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
2.07
2.75
1.97
1.48
††
†0.
850.
600.
610.
94†
Sub
urba
n†
†2.
111.
321.
262.
10†
††
0.43
0.61
0.37
0.54
† R
ural
††
5.36
4.51
1.91
2.35
††
†0.
550.
670.
830.
49†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
did
they
hav
e at
leas
t one
dri
nk o
f alc
ohol
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
are
13
,093
,000
stu
dent
s in
199
3; 1
3,69
7,00
0 in
199
5; 1
4,27
2,00
0 in
199
7; 1
4,62
3,00
0 in
199
9; 1
5,06
1,00
0 in
200
1; 1
5,72
3,00
0 in
200
3; a
nd 1
6,28
6,00
0 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
vari
ous
year
s, 1
993–
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S1
4.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g al
coho
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
30
days
, by
loca
tion
and
se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Tabl
e S1
4.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g al
coho
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
30
days
, by
loca
tion
and
Tabl
e S1
4.2.
—st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es1.
211.
380.
460.
30
Ala
bam
a2.
042.
550.
820.
59M
onta
na1.
681.
500.
700.
73A
lask
a2.
05†
0.81
†N
ebra
ska
1.29
1.27
0.61
0.42
Ari
zona
2.11
1.73
0.73
0.88
Nev
ada
1.51
1.73
0.74
0.93
Ark
ansa
s†
1.99
†0.
62N
ew H
amps
hire
2.70
2.31
0.79
†C
alifo
rnia
††
††
New
Jers
ey†
2.66
†0.
42C
olor
ado
†4.
42†
1.08
New
Mex
ico
†1.
93†
0.87
Con
nect
icut
†2.
16†
0.71
New
Yor
k1.
531.
470.
390.
45D
elaw
are
1.30
1.16
0.44
0.66
Nor
th C
arol
ina
2.68
2.16
0.47
0.74
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
1.72
1.40
0.64
0.55
Nor
th D
akot
a1.
741.
890.
790.
52Fl
orid
a1.
101.
430.
360.
30O
hio
2.40
1.96
0.69
0.59
Geo
rgia
1.41
2.12
0.55
0.67
Okl
ahom
a1.
411.
620.
640.
49H
awai
i†
2.05
†0.
93O
rego
n†
††
†Id
aho
2.44
2.62
0.56
0.69
Penn
sylv
ania
††
††
Illin
ois
††
††
Rho
de Is
land
1.92
1.15
0.73
0.66
Indi
ana
1.57
2.12
0.57
0.64
Sout
h C
arol
ina
†1.
64†
0.96
Iow
a†
2.56
†0.
89So
uth
Dak
ota
2.58
2.12
1.13
0.70
Kan
sas
†1.
74†
0.74
Tenn
esse
e2.
041.
900.
480.
66K
entu
cky
1.87
1.77
0.69
0.37
Texa
s†
1.93
†0.
56Lo
uisi
ana
††
††
Uta
h2.
191.
920.
740.
39M
aine
1.78
2.15
0.48
0.44
Ver
mon
t1.
481.
530.
600.
54M
aryl
and
†2.
17†
0.42
Vir
gini
a†
††
†M
assa
chus
etts
1.19
1.36
0.50
0.32
Was
hing
ton
††
††
Mic
higa
n1.
401.
730.
330.
46W
est V
irgi
nia
1.81
1.41
0.84
1.08
Min
neso
ta†
††
†W
isco
nsin
1.63
1.51
††
Mis
siss
ippi
1.74
†0.
70†
Wyo
min
g2.
161.
470.
750.
56M
isso
uri
2.16
2.04
0.58
0.57
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
days
did
they
hav
eat
leas
t one
dri
nk o
f alc
ohol
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
. The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
ar
e 15
,723
,000
in 2
003
and
16,2
86,0
00 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
prev
ious
ly
unpu
blis
hed
tabu
latio
n, 2
003
and
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e S1
4.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g al
coho
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
30
days
, by
loca
tion
and
st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
150 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
5.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g m
ariju
ana
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30 d
ays,
by
loca
tion
Tabl
e S1
5.1.
—an
d se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
993–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
char
acte
rist
ic19
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
0519
9319
9519
9719
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
1.22
1.03
1.11
1.30
0.77
1.09
0.84
0.65
0.59
0.52
0.73
0.37
0.68
0.32
Sex
Mal
e1.
611.
081.
461.
920.
811.
250.
980.
830.
850.
681.
300.
540.
880.
44 F
emal
e1.
021.
441.
040.
960.
870.
960.
990.
480.
720.
560.
400.
280.
480.
31
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
1.41
1.49
1.56
1.59
1.04
1.20
1.11
0.72
0.62
0.69
0.84
0.45
0.66
0.41
Bla
ck1.
842.
621.
673.
492.
121.
581.
111.
231.
881.
071.
100.
600.
890.
65 H
ispa
nic
1.33
2.92
2.06
2.29
0.81
1.16
1.22
1.10
2.20
1.03
1.21
0.58
0.72
0.76
Asi
an†
††
2.04
2.12
2.21
1.64
††
†0.
711.
561.
38†
Am
eric
an In
dian
4.77
5.72
4.31
6.55
5.48
5.29
4.36
†3.
395.
56†
6.55
4.42
1.85
Pac
ific
Isla
nder
††
†4.
114.
076.
473.
87†
††
3.21
2.46
3.17
† M
ore
than
one
rac
e†
††
4.00
3.22
5.57
2.43
††
†1.
811.
245.
490.
91
Gra
de 9
th1.
101.
831.
951.
841.
251.
521.
160.
401.
380.
900.
970.
621.
030.
59 1
0th
1.79
1.89
1.29
2.21
1.12
1.47
1.27
0.94
0.87
0.73
1.14
0.51
0.70
0.54
11t
h1.
771.
351.
812.
471.
331.
561.
241.
070.
621.
170.
720.
480.
710.
49 1
2th
1.40
2.35
2.09
2.81
1.77
1.19
1.23
0.78
1.15
0.61
1.14
0.71
0.75
0.45
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
††
1.50
2.32
1.23
1.65
††
†1.
111.
030.
561.
05†
Sub
urba
n†
†1.
051.
600.
961.
90†
††
0.67
1.03
0.46
1.03
† R
ural
††
3.23
4.36
2.49
2.80
††
†2.
021.
570.
930.
64†
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
they
use
d m
ariju
ana.
Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fr
om th
e D
iges
t of E
duca
tion
Stat
istic
s, 2
005
and
2002
(NC
ES 2
006-
030
and
2003
-060
) for
stu
dent
s in
gra
des
9–12
are
13,
093,
000
stud
ents
in 1
993;
13,
697,
000
in 1
995;
14,
272,
000
in 1
997;
14,
623,
000
in 1
999;
15,
061,
000
in 2
001;
15,
723,
000
in 2
003;
and
16,
286,
000
( pro
ject
ed) i
n 20
05.
SOU
RC
E: C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), va
riou
s ye
ars,
199
3–20
05.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y
Tabl
e S1
5.1
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
who
rep
orte
d us
ing
mar
ijuan
a du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 30
day
s, b
y lo
cati
on
and
sele
cted
stu
dent
and
sch
ool c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
3–20
05
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Tabl
e S1
5.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g m
ariju
ana
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30 d
ays,
by
loca
tion
Tabl
e S1
5.2.
—an
d st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
Stat
e20
0320
0520
0320
05St
ate
2003
2005
2003
2005
Uni
ted
Stat
es1.
090.
840.
680.
32
Ala
bam
a1.
381.
490.
540.
80M
onta
na1.
451.
430.
700.
70A
lask
a1.
29†
0.80
†N
ebra
ska
1.23
1.05
0.51
0.41
Ari
zona
1.16
1.08
0.55
0.63
Nev
ada
1.31
1.34
0.69
0.81
Ark
ansa
s†
1.70
†0.
61N
ew H
amps
hire
2.51
1.69
0.86
†C
alifo
rnia
††
††
New
Jers
ey†
2.18
†0.
67C
olor
ado
†2.
99†
0.88
New
Mex
ico
†2.
00†
0.98
Con
nect
icut
†1.
37†
0.49
New
Yor
k1.
051.
130.
410.
41D
elaw
are
1.13
1.12
0.54
0.58
Nor
th C
arol
ina
1.99
1.61
0.71
0.65
Dis
tric
t of C
olum
bia
1.23
1.08
0.88
0.62
Nor
th D
akot
a1.
581.
620.
980.
71Fl
orid
a0.
890.
860.
410.
31O
hio
2.33
1.79
0.96
0.62
Geo
rgia
0.94
1.59
0.45
0.58
Okl
ahom
a2.
201.
120.
700.
38H
awai
i†
1.73
†1.
14O
rego
n†
††
†Id
aho
1.56
1.33
0.55
0.61
Penn
sylv
ania
††
††
Illin
ois
††
††
Rho
de Is
land
1.11
1.16
0.70
0.65
Indi
ana
1.19
1.38
0.67
0.57
Sout
h C
arol
ina
†1.
25†
0.64
Iow
a†
1.74
†0.
64So
uth
Dak
ota
3.35
1.87
1.50
0.73
Kan
sas
†1.
46†
0.51
Tenn
esse
e2.
101.
380.
860.
67K
entu
cky
1.09
1.19
0.55
0.45
Texa
s†
0.99
†0.
52Lo
uisi
ana
††
††
Uta
h1.
281.
180.
590.
42M
aine
1.69
2.13
0.76
0.72
Ver
mon
t1.
581.
590.
440.
81M
aryl
and
†2.
25†
0.82
Vir
gini
a†
††
†M
assa
chus
etts
1.39
1.22
0.44
0.54
Was
hing
ton
††
††
Mic
higa
n1.
961.
291.
200.
50W
est V
irgi
nia
2.13
1.70
0.72
0.85
Min
neso
ta†
††
†W
isco
nsin
1.18
1.07
††
Mis
siss
ippi
1.57
†0.
90†
Wyo
min
g1.
561.
050.
660.
43M
isso
uri
1.37
2.23
0.58
0.82
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “O
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y” w
as n
ot d
efin
ed fo
r su
rvey
res
pond
ents
. The
term
“an
ywhe
re”
is n
ot u
sed
in th
e Y
RB
S qu
estio
nnai
re; s
tude
nts
are
sim
ply
aske
d ho
w m
any
times
dur
ing
the
past
30
days
they
use
d m
ariju
ana.
The
est
imat
e fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
is d
raw
n fr
om a
nat
iona
lly r
epre
sent
ativ
e sa
mpl
e of
sch
ools
and
is n
ot th
e ag
greg
ate
of p
artic
ipat
ing
stat
es. E
ach
stat
e es
timat
e is
bas
ed o
n a
sam
ple
that
is r
epre
sent
ativ
e of
that
sta
te. P
opul
atio
n si
zes
from
the
Dig
est o
f Edu
catio
n St
atis
tics,
200
5 (N
CES
200
6-03
0) fo
r st
uden
ts in
gra
des
9–12
are
15,
723,
000
in 2
003
and
16,2
86,0
00 (p
roje
cted
) in
2005
.SO
UR
CE:
Cen
ters
for
Dis
ease
Con
trol
and
Pre
vent
ion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Chr
onic
Dis
ease
Pre
vent
ion
and
Hea
lth P
rom
otio
n, Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eilla
nce
Syst
em (Y
RB
SS),
prev
ious
ly
unpu
blis
hed
tabu
latio
n, 2
003
and
2005
.
Any
whe
reO
n sc
hool
pro
pert
yA
nyw
here
On
scho
ol p
rope
rty
Tabl
e S1
5.2.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
in g
rade
s 9–
12 w
ho r
epor
ted
usin
g m
ariju
ana
duri
ng t
he p
revi
ous
30 d
ays,
by
loca
tion
an
d st
ate:
200
3 an
d 20
05
152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
6.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
bein
g af
raid
of a
ttac
k or
har
m d
urin
g th
e pr
evio
us 6
mon
ths,
Tabl
e S1
6.1.
—by
loca
tion
and
sel
ecte
d st
uden
t an
d sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Stud
ent o
rsc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9519
9920
0120
0320
0519
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
0.39
0.37
0.31
0.31
0.38
†0.
320.
280.
290.
33
Sex
Mal
e0.
510.
440.
380.
340.
54†
0.34
0.31
0.30
0.42
Fem
ale
0.58
0.53
0.43
0.48
0.47
†0.
490.
420.
480.
47
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.36
0.32
0.35
0.35
0.36
†0.
320.
290.
310.
40 B
lack
1.31
1.27
0.87
1.22
1.19
†1.
000.
871.
130.
96 H
ispa
nic
1.27
1.20
1.07
0.65
1.09
†1.
030.
750.
800.
83 O
ther
1.58
1.09
1.11
1.31
1.62
†1.
041.
321.
021.
87
Gra
de 6
th1.
131.
371.
261.
351.
15†
1.11
1.15
1.01
1.00
7th
1.02
0.79
0.95
0.86
1.07
†0.
720.
800.
800.
90 8
th0.
840.
740.
690.
680.
90†
0.66
0.61
0.71
0.70
9th
0.82
0.74
0.63
0.61
0.69
†0.
630.
620.
550.
60 1
0th
0.82
0.77
0.71
0.67
0.83
†0.
630.
630.
670.
64 1
1th
0.80
0.68
0.65
0.66
0.70
†0.
720.
620.
6 90.
71 1
2th
0.94
0.88
0.55
0.53
0.69
†0.
860.
620.
720.
97
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
0.84
0.81
0.59
0.68
0.85
†0.
820.
680.
600.
59 S
ubur
ban
0.49
0.42
0.33
0.30
0.40
†0.
310.
330.
340.
42 R
ural
0.80
0.70
0.97
0.93
0.97
†0.
710.
590.
690.
97
Sect
or P
ublic
0.43
0.38
0.33
0.34
0.41
†0.
320.
300.
310.
34 P
riva
te1.
010.
810.
920.
730.
82†
0.92
1.08
0.89
1.39
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty,
on
a sc
hool
bus
, and
, fro
m 2
001
onw
ard,
goi
ng to
and
from
sch
ool.
For
the
2001
sur
vey,
the
wor
ding
was
cha
nged
fr
om “
atta
ck o
r ha
rm”
to “
atta
ck o
r th
reat
of a
ttack
.” In
clud
es s
tude
nts
who
rep
orte
d th
at th
ey s
omet
imes
or
mos
t of t
he ti
me
fear
ed b
eing
vic
timiz
ed in
this
way
. Fea
r of
atta
ck a
way
from
sc
hool
was
not
col
lect
ed in
199
5. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
r efo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n,pl
ease
see
app
endi
x A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
At s
choo
lA
way
from
sch
ool
Tabl
e S1
6.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d be
ing
afra
id o
f at
tack
or
harm
dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6 m
onth
s,
by lo
cati
on a
nd s
elec
ted
stud
ent
and
scho
ol c
hara
cter
isti
cs: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Tabl
e S1
7.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
avoi
ding
sch
ool a
ctiv
itie
s or
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l
Tabl
e S1
7.1.
—du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 6
mon
ths
beca
use
of fe
ar o
f att
ack
or h
arm
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Act
ivity
or
plac
e av
oide
d19
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
†0.
340.
320.
300.
32
Avo
ided
sch
ool a
ctiv
ities
†0.
220.
180.
180.
23 A
ny e
xtra
curr
icul
ar a
ctiv
ities
0.15
0.10
0.12
0.11
0.16
Any
cla
ss†
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.13
Sta
yed
hom
e fr
om s
choo
l†
0.19
0.13
0.11
0.11
Avo
ided
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l0.
290.
290.
270.
270.
28 E
ntra
nce
to th
e sc
hool
0.15
0.14
0.11
0.11
0.14
Hal
lway
s or
sta
irs
in s
choo
l0.
210.
170.
180.
170.
21 P
arts
of t
he s
choo
l caf
eter
ia0.
180.
150.
160.
130.
16 A
ny s
choo
l res
troo
ms
0.22
0.19
0.19
0.16
0.20
Oth
er p
lace
s in
side
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.14
0.18
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: For
the
2001
sur
vey,
the
wor
ding
was
cha
nged
from
“at
tack
or
harm
” to
“at
tack
or
thre
at o
f atta
ck.”
In 2
005,
the
unit
resp
onse
rat
e fo
r th
is s
urve
y di
d no
t mee
t NC
ES s
tatis
tical
st
anda
rds;
the r
efor
e, in
terp
ret t
he d
ata
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24
,315
,000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
J ust
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
Tabl
e S1
7.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d av
oidi
ng s
choo
l act
ivit
ies
or o
ne o
r m
ore
plac
es in
sch
ool
du
ring
the
pre
viou
s 6
mon
ths
beca
use
of f
ear
of a
ttac
k or
har
m: V
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05
154 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
7.2.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
avoi
ding
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6
Tabl
e S1
7.2.
—m
onth
s be
caus
e of
fear
of a
ttac
k or
har
m, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Stud
ent o
r sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tic19
9519
9920
0120
0320
05
To
tal
0.29
0.29
0.27
0.27
0.28
Sex
Mal
e0.
430.
350.
400.
340.
46 F
emal
e0.
460.
390.
350.
370.
40
Rac
e/et
hnic
ity W
hite
0.32
0.27
0.30
0.27
0.30
Bla
ck1.
010.
900.
750.
790.
97 H
ispa
nic
0.97
0.73
0.71
0.70
0.80
Oth
er1.
610.
991.
161.
020.
88
Gra
de 6
th0.
990.
920.
930.
941.
26 7
th0.
890.
720.
790.
730.
93 8
th0.
770.
700.
620.
630.
66 9
th0.
710.
630.
610.
620.
78 1
0th
0.75
0.61
0.64
0.54
0.65
11t
h0.
640.
460.
430.
530.
59 1
2th
0.74
0.51
0.64
0.41
0.40
Urb
anic
ity U
rban
0.73
0.48
0.52
0.59
0.66
Sub
urba
n0.
400.
380.
380.
300.
36 R
ural
0.65
0.56
0.70
0.53
0.73
Sect
or P
ublic
0.33
0.31
0.29
0.29
0.30
Pri
vate
0.47
0.45
0.69
0.49
0.54
NO
TE: P
lace
s in
clud
e th
e en
tran
ce, a
ny h
allw
ays
or s
tair
s, p
arts
of t
he c
afet
eria
, res
troo
ms,
and
oth
er p
lace
s in
side
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing.
For
the
2001
sur
vey,
the
wor
ding
was
cha
nged
from
“atta
ck o
r ha
rm”
to “
atta
ck o
r th
reat
of a
ttack
.” In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 23
,325
,000
in 1
995;
24,
614,
000
in 1
999;
24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ust ic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05.
Tabl
e S1
7.2
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 w
ho r
epor
ted
avoi
ding
one
or
mor
e pl
aces
in s
choo
l dur
ing
the
prev
ious
6
mon
ths
beca
use
of f
ear
of a
ttac
k or
har
m, b
y se
lect
ed s
tude
nt a
nd s
choo
l cha
ract
eris
tics
: Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
995–
2005
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Tabl
e S1
8.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e nu
mbe
r an
d pe
rcen
tage
of p
ublic
sch
ools
tha
t to
ok a
ser
ious
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tion
, num
ber
of s
erio
us a
ctio
ns
Tabl
e S1
8.1.
—ta
ken,
and
per
cent
age
dist
ribu
tion
of s
erio
us a
ctio
ns, b
y ty
pe o
f act
ion
and
type
of o
ffen
se: 2
003–
04
Num
ber
Out
-of-
scho
olR
emov
als
with
of s
erio
ussu
spen
sion
sno
ser
vice
s fo
rTr
ansf
ers
toN
umbe
rPe
rcen
tdi
scip
linar
yla
stin
g 5
days
rem
aind
er o
f sp
ecia
lized
Type
of o
ffens
eof
sch
ools
of s
choo
lsac
tions
o r m
ore
scho
ol y
ear
scho
ols
To
tal
960
1.15
29,1
601.
600.
721.
49
Phys
ical
atta
cks
or fi
ghts
780
0.94
14,4
501.
670.
761.
59In
subo
rdin
atio
n69
00.
8516
,990
2.54
1.53
2.41
Dis
trib
utio
n, p
osse
ssio
n, o
r us
e of
alc
ohol
400
0.50
1,60
02.
911.
562.
82D
istr
ibut
ion,
pos
sess
ion,
or
use
of il
lega
l dru
gs47
00.
583,
410
2.27
0.91
2.23
Use
or
poss
e ssi
on o
f a w
eapo
n ot
her
than
a fi
rear
m69
00.
841,
470
2.20
0.81
2.04
Use
or
poss
essi
on o
f a fi
rear
m/e
xplo
sive
dev
ice
320
0.40
4,30
025
.42
† †
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. R
espo
nden
ts w
ere
inst
ruct
ed to
res
pond
onl
y fo
r th
ose
times
t hat
wer
e du
ring
nor
mal
sch
ool h
ours
or
whe
n sc
hool
act
iviti
es o
r ev
ents
wer
e in
ses
sion
, unl
ess
the
surv
ey s
peci
fied
othe
rwis
e. P
opul
atio
n si
ze is
80,
500
scho
ols.
Sta
ndar
d er
rors
of n
umbe
r of
act
ions
and
sch
ools
are
rou
nded
to th
e ne
ares
t 10.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Scho
ols
usin
g an
y se
riou
s di
scip
linar
y ac
tion
Perc
enta
ge d
istr
ibut
ion
of s
erio
us d
isci
plin
ary
actio
ns
Tabl
e S1
8.1
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
num
ber
and
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t to
ok a
ser
ious
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tion
, num
ber
of s
erio
us a
ctio
ns
ta
ken,
and
per
cent
age
dist
ribu
tion
of
seri
ous
acti
ons,
by
type
of
acti
on a
nd t
ype
of o
ffen
se: 2
003–
04
156 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S1
9.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of p
ublic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
:
Tabl
e S1
9.1.
—20
03–0
4
Bui
ldin
gs
Gro
unds
U
se
Req
uire
(e
.g.,
(e.g
., Pa
ss
Req
uire
R
ando
m
Ran
dom
se
curi
ty
clea
r lo
cked
or
lock
ed o
r Si
gn-
thro
ugh
to p
ass
dog
sniff
s sw
eeps
ca
mer
as to
book
ba g
s m
onito
red
mon
itore
d in
or
met
alFa
culty
R
ando
mth
roug
h to
che
ck
for
cont
ra-
mon
itor
or b
an
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
door
s)ga
tes)
chec
k-in
det
ecto
rsSt
uden
tsan
d st
aff
chec
ksda
ilyfo
r dr
ugs
band
sch
ool
book
bag
s
To
tal
1.04
1.08
0.40
0.15
0.64
1.21
0.55
0.16
0.77
0.58
1.28
0.63
Scho
ol le
vel
Pri
mar
y1.
461.
810.
610.
180.
811.
800.
63†
0.85
0.86
1.81
0.77
Mid
dle
1.35
1.51
0.23
0.37
1.09
1.41
0.97
0.41
1.56
1.28
1.68
1.15
Hig
h sc
hool
1.48
1.78
0.44
0.55
1.15
1.63
0.94
0.58
1.82
1.43
1.98
1.05
Com
bine
d4.
715.
431.
94†
2.62
4.23
††
4.89
4.84
4.72
3.28
Enro
llmen
t siz
e L
ess
than
300
2.59
2.64
1.51
†0.
673.
191.
52†
2.50
1.91
2.97
0.91
300
–499
1.77
2.57
0.13
0.13
0.88
2.76
0.80
0.33
1.26
1.15
2.52
1.12
500
–999
1.29
1.99
0.28
0.36
0.96
1.89
0.72
0.28
0.90
0.80
1.71
0.97
1,0
00 o
r m
ore
1.87
2.07
0.16
0.75
1.57
2.20
1.21
0.55
1.61
1.51
1.99
1.26
Urb
anic
it y C
ity1.
762.
260.
260.
571.
162.
661.
750.
520.
881.
362.
611.
15
Urb
an fr
inge
1.62
2.14
0.46
†0.
901.
980.
52†
1.03
0.98
2.08
0.91
Tow
n2.
583.
150.
420.
250.
923.
271.
44†
2.34
2.37
3.19
1.64
Rur
al2.
472.
161.
16†
0.86
2.05
0.54
0.22
2.05
1.47
2.32
0.93
Perc
ent m
inor
ity e
nrol
lmen
t L
ess
than
5 p
erce
nt2.
512.
511.
41†
0.33
2.81
0.50
†2.
081.
432.
720.
82
5 to
20
perc
ent
1.92
2.09
0.76
†0.
992.
540.
62†
1.22
0.96
2.34
0.78
20
to 5
0 pe
rcen
t2.
142.
550.
86†
0.90
2.75
0.93
0.10
1.64
1.64
2.93
1.25
50
perc
ent o
r m
ore
1.
712.
120.
370.
531.
242.
471.
520.
451.
221.
282.
511.
15
See
note
s at
end
of t
able
.
Swee
ps a
nd te
chno
logy
Lim
ited
acce
ss d
urin
g sc
hool
hou
rsV
isito
r re
quir
emen
tsR
equi
red
to w
ear
badg
es o
r pi
ctur
e ID
sM
etal
det
ecto
r ch
ecks
on
stu
dent
s
Tabl
e S1
9.1
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
Standard Error Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Tabl
e S1
9.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of p
ublic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
:
Tabl
e S1
9.1.
—20
03–0
4—C
onti
nued
Bui
ldin
gs
Gro
unds
U
se
Req
uire
(e
.g.,
(e.g
., Pa
ss
Req
uire
R
ando
m
Ran
dom
se
curi
ty
clea
r lo
cked
or
lock
ed o
r Si
gn-
thro
ugh
to p
ass
dog
sniff
s sw
eeps
ca
mer
as to
book
ba g
s m
onito
red
mon
itore
d in
or
met
alFa
culty
R
ando
mth
roug
h to
che
ck
for
cont
ra-
mon
itor
or b
an
Scho
ol c
hara
cter
istic
door
s)ga
tes)
chec
k-in
det
ecto
rsSt
uden
tsan
d st
aff
chec
ksda
ilyfo
r dr
ugs
band
sch
ool
book
bag
s
Perc
ent o
f stu
dent
s el
igib
le fo
r
free
or
redu
ced-
pric
e lu
nch
0–2
0 pe
rcen
t1.
442.
701.
06†
0.85
2.48
0.53
†1.
630.
882.
490.
77
21–
50 p
erce
nt1.
691.
870.
690.
130.
682.
210.
730.
261.
501.
341.
730.
59
Mor
e th
an 5
0 pe
rcen
t1.
801.
820.
490.
371.
212.
211.
000.
241.
411.
262.
241.
30
Stud
ent/t
each
er r
atio
Les
s th
an 1
21.
921.
530.
880.
260.
721.
970.
900.
271.
531.
062.
290.
94
12–
161.
151.
830.
090.
251.
142.
240.
740.
311.
141.
191.
960.
81 M
ore
than
16
2.15
3.29
0.81
0.25
1.35
3.10
0.85
0.30
1.54
1.41
2.58
1.01
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.
NO
TE: E
ither
sch
ool p
rinc
ipal
s or
the
pers
on m
ost k
now
ledg
eabl
e ab
out d
isci
plin
e is
sues
at s
choo
l com
plet
ed th
e SS
OC
S qu
estio
nnai
re. R
espo
nden
ts w
ere
inst
ruct
ed to
res
pond
onl
y fo
r th
ose
times
that
wer
e du
ring
nor
mal
sch
ool h
ours
or
whe
n sc
hool
act
iviti
es o
r ev
ents
wer
e in
ses
sion
, unl
ess
the
surv
ey s
peci
fied
othe
rwis
e. P
opul
atio
n si
ze is
80,
500
scho
ols.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epa r
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
Lim
ited
acce
ss d
urin
g sc
hool
hou
rsV
isito
r re
quir
emen
tsR
equi
red
to w
ear
badg
es o
r pi
ctur
e ID
sM
etal
det
ecto
r ch
ecks
on
stu
dent
sSw
eeps
and
tech
nolo
gy
Tabl
e S1
9.1
Stan
dard
err
ors
for
the
perc
enta
ge o
f pu
blic
sch
ools
tha
t us
ed s
elec
ted
safe
ty a
nd s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s, b
y sc
hool
cha
ract
eris
tics
: 200
3–04
—
Con
tinu
ed
158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Tabl
e S2
0.1.
—St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of s
tude
nts
ages
12–
18 w
ho r
epor
ted
sele
cted
sec
urit
y m
easu
res
at s
choo
l: V
ario
us y
ears
,
Tabl
e S2
0.1.
—19
99–2
005
Secu
rity
mea
sure
1999
2001
2003
2005
To
tal
†0.
090.
120.
13
Met
al d
etec
tors
0.51
0.61
0.84
0.74
Lock
er c
heck
s0.
830.
920.
910.
89O
ne o
r m
ore
secu
rity
cam
eras
to m
onito
r th
e sc
hool
†1.
131.
161.
35Se
curi
ty g
uard
s an
d/or
ass
igne
d po
lice
offic
ers
1.36
1.25
0.91
1.15
Oth
er s
choo
l st a
ff or
oth
er a
dult
supe
rvis
ion
in th
e ha
llway
0.54
0.45
0.39
0.45
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat s
tude
nts
wea
r ba
dges
or
pict
ure
iden
tific
atio
n†
0.99
1.11
1.18
A c
ode
of s
tude
nt c
ondu
ct†
0.34
0.37
0.38
Lock
ed e
ntra
nce
or e
xit d
oors
dur
ing
the
d ay
0.97
1.12
1.16
1.04
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat v
isito
rs s
i gn
in0.
620.
580.
480.
51
† N
ot a
pplic
able
.N
OTE
: “A
t sch
ool”
incl
udes
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing,
on
the
scho
ol g
roun
ds, o
n a
scho
ol b
us, a
nd, f
rom
200
1 on
war
d, g
oing
to a
nd fr
om s
choo
l. In
200
5, th
e un
it re
spon
se r
ate
for
this
sur
vey
did
not m
eet N
CES
sta
tistic
al s
tand
ards
; the
refo
re, i
nter
pret
the
data
with
cau
tion.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, p
leas
e se
e ap
pend
ix A
. Pop
ulat
ion
size
s fo
r st
uden
ts a
ges
12–1
8 ar
e 24
,614
,000
in
1999
; 24,
315,
000
in 2
001;
25,
684,
000
in 2
003;
and
25,
811,
000
in 2
005.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
l Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
9–20
05.
Tabl
e S2
0.1.
St
anda
rd e
rror
s fo
r th
e pe
rcen
tage
of
stud
ents
age
s 12
–18
who
rep
orte
d se
lect
ed s
ecur
ity
mea
sure
s at
sch
ool:
Var
ious
yea
rs, 1
999–
2005
TECHNICAL NOTESAppendix
A
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
GENERAL INFORMATION
The indicators in this report are based on information drawn from a variety of inde-pendent data sources, including national surveys of students, teachers, and principals, and data collections from federal departments and agencies, including the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Center for Education Statistics, the Federal Bureau of In-vestigation, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Each data source has an independent sample design, data collection method, and questionnaire design or is the result of a universe data collection. Universe data collections include a census of all known entities in a specifi c universe (e.g., all deaths occurring on school property). Readers should be cautious when comparing data from different sources. Differences in sampling procedures, populations, time periods, and question phrasing can all affect the comparability of results. For example, some questions from different surveys may appear the same, but were asked of different populations of students (e.g., students ages 12–18 or students in grades 9–12); in different years; about experiences that oc-curred within different periods of time (e.g., in the past 30 days or during the past 12 months); or at different locations (e.g., in school or anywhere).
The following is a description of data sources, accuracy of estimates, and statistical procedures used in this report.
SOURCES OF DATA
This section briefl y describes each of the datasets used in this report: the School-As-sociated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study, the Supplementary Homicide Reports, the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal, the National Crime Vic-timization Survey, the School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the Schools and Staffi ng Survey, and the School Survey on Crime and Safety. Directions for obtaining more information are provided at the end of each description. Figure A.1 presents some key information for each of the datasets used in the report, including the survey year(s), target population, response rate, and sample size. The wording of the interview questions used to construct the in-dicators are presented in fi gure A.2. (Figures appear at the end of appendix A.)
School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (SAVD)
The School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (SAVD) is an epidemiological study developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. Department of Justice. SAVD seeks to describe the epidemiology of school-associated violent deaths, identify common fea-tures of these deaths, estimate the rate of school-associated violent deaths in the United States, and identify potential risk factors for these deaths. The surveillance system in-cludes descriptive data on all school-associated violent deaths in the United States,
160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
including all homicides, suicides, and unintentional fi rearm-related deaths where the fatal injury occurred on the campus of a functioning elementary or secondary school, while the victim was on the way to or from regular sessions at such a school, or while attending or on the way to or from an offi cial school-sponsored event. Victims of such events include nonstudents as well as students and staff members. SAVD includes de-scriptive information about the school, event, victim(s), and offender(s). The SAVD Sur-veillance System has collected data from July 1, 1992, through the present.
SAVD uses a four-step process to identify and collect data on school-associated violent deaths. Cases are initially identifi ed through a search of the Lexis/Nexis newspaper and media database. Then police offi cials are contacted to confi rm the details of the case and to determine if the event meets the case defi nition. Once a case is confi rmed, a police offi cial and a school offi cial are interviewed regarding details about the school, event, victim(s), and offender(s). A copy of the full police report is also sought for each case. The information obtained on schools includes school demographics, attendance/absentee rates, suspension/expulsions and mobility, school history of weapon-carrying incidents, security measures, violence prevention activities, school response to the event, and school policies about weapon carrying. Event information includes the location of injury, the context of injury (while classes were being held, during break, etc.), motives for injury, method of injury, and school and community events happening around the time period. Information obtained on victim(s) and offender(s) includes demographics, circumstances of the event (date/time, alcohol or drug use, number of persons involved), types and origins of weapons, criminal history, psychological risk factors, school-related problems, extracurricular activities, and family history, including structure and stressors.
One hundred fi ve school-associated violent deaths were identifi ed from July 1, 1992–June 30, 1994 (Kachur et al. 1996). A more recent report from this data collection iden-tifi ed 253 school-associated violent deaths between July 1, 1994–June 30, 1999 (An-derson et al. 2001). Other publications from this study have described how the number of events changes during the school year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2001), the source of the fi rearms used in these events (Reza et al. 2003), and suicides that were associated with schools (Kauffman et al. 2004). The interviews conducted on cases between July 1, 1994 and June 30, 1999 achieved a response rate of 97 percent for police offi cials and 78 percent for school offi cials. Data for subsequent study years are preliminary and subject to change. The SAVD data are considered preliminary until interviews with school and law enforcement offi cials have been completed. The details learned during the interviews can occasionally change the classifi cation of a case. For additional information about SAVD, contact:
Jeff HallDivision of Violence Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop K60 4770 Buford Highway NE Atlanta, GA 30341 Telephone: (770) 488-4648 E-mail: [email protected]
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR)
The Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR), which are a part of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program, provide incident-level information on criminal homicides including situation (number of victims to number of offenders); the age, sex, and race of victims and offenders; types of weapons used; circumstances of the incident; and the relationship of the victim to the offender. The data are provided monthly to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) by local law enforcement agencies participating in the FBI’s UCR program. The data include murders and non-negligent manslaughters in the United States from January 1976–December 2004; that is, negligent manslaughters and justifi able homicides have been eliminated from the data. Based on law enforcement agency reports, the FBI estimates that 561,412 murders were committed from 1976 to 2004. Agencies provided detailed information on 574,574 victims and 640,722 offend-ers.
About 91 percent of homicides are included in the SHR. However, adjustments can be made to the weights to correct for missing reports. Estimates from the SHR used in this report were generated by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) using a weight developed by BJS that reconciles the counts of SHR homicide victims with those in the UCR for the 1992 through 2004 data years. The weight is the same for all cases for a given year. The weight represents the ratio of the number of homicides reported in the UCR to the number reported in the SHR. For additional information about SHR, contact:
Communications Unit Criminal Justice Information Services DivisionFederal Bureau of Investigation Module D3 1000 Custer Hollow Road Clarksburg, WV 26306 Telephone: (304) 625-4995 E-mail: [email protected]
Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal (WISQARS(™)Fatal)
WISQARS Fatal provides mortality data related to injury. The mortality data reported in WISQARS Fatal come from death certifi cate data reported to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data include causes of death reported by attending physicians, medical examiners, and coroners. It also includes demographic information about decedents reported by funeral directors, who obtain that information from family members and other informants. NCHS col-lects, compiles, verifi es, and prepares these data for release to the public. The data pro-vide information about what types of injuries are leading causes of deaths, how com-mon they are, and who they affect. These data are intended for a broad audience—the public, the media, public health practitioners and researchers, and public health offi -cials—to increase their knowledge of injury.
162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
WISQARS Fatal mortality reports provide tables of the total numbers of injury-related deaths and the death rates per 100,000 U.S. population. The reports list deaths accord-ing to cause (mechanism) and intent (manner) of injury by state, race, Hispanic origin, sex, and age groupings. For more information on WISQARS Fatal, contact:
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Mailstop K59 4770 Buford Highway NE Atlanta, GA 30341-3724 Telephone: (770) 488-1506 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), administered for the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics by the U.S. Census Bureau, is the nation’s primary source of informa-tion on crime and the victims of crime. Initiated in 1972 and redesigned in 1992, the NCVS collects detailed information annually on the frequency and nature of the crimes of rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, theft, household bur-glary, and motor vehicle theft experienced by Americans and their households each year. The survey measures crimes reported to police as well.
Readers should note that in 2003, in accordance with changes to the Offi ce of Man-agement and Budget’s standards for the classifi cation of federal data on race and eth-nicity, the NCVS item on race/ethnicity was modifi ed. A question on Hispanic origin is followed by a question on race. The new race question allows the respondent to choose more than one race and delineates Asian as a separate category from Native Hawaiian or Other Pacifi c Islander. Analysis conducted by the Demographic Surveys Division at the U.S. Census Bureau shows that the new race question had very little impact on the aggregate racial distribution of the NCVS respondents, with one excep-tion. There was a 1.6 percentage point decrease in the percent of respondents who re-ported themselves as White. Due to changes in race/ethnicity categories, comparisons of race/ethnicity across years should be made with caution.
The indicator from NCVS related to nonfatal teacher victimization at school has been discontinued. Because of sample cuts to the NCVS and declining victimization rates, the survey’s capacity to provide useful estimates of teacher victimization has dimin-ished, especially for disaggregated subcategories of teacher characteristics. The indica-tor has been determined to no longer be an adequate measure of teacher victimization.
The number of NCVS eligible households in 2004 was about 46,200. They were se-lected using a stratifi ed, multistage cluster design. In the fi rst stage, the primary sam-pling units (PSUs), consisting of counties or groups of counties, were selected. In the second stage, smaller areas, called Enumeration Districts (EDs), were selected from each sampled PSU. Finally, from selected EDs, clusters of four households, called seg-ments, were selected for interview. At each stage, the selection was done proportion-
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
ate to population size in order to create a self-weighting sample. The fi nal sample was augmented to account for housing units constructed after the decennial Census. Within each sampled household, U.S. Census Bureau personnel interviewed all household members age 12 and older to determine whether they had been victimized by the measured crimes during the 6 months preceding the interview.
The fi rst NCVS interview with a housing unit is conducted in person. Subsequent inter-views are conducted by telephone, if possible. About 74,300 persons age 12 and older are interviewed every 6 months. Households remain in the sample for 3 years and are interviewed seven times at 6-month intervals. The initial interview at each sample unit is used only to bound future interviews to establish a time frame to avoid duplica-tion of crimes uncovered in these subsequent interviews. After their seventh interview, households are replaced by new sample households. The NCVS has consistently ob-tained a response rate of over 90 percent at the household level. The completion rates for persons within households were about 86 percent. Thus, fi nal response rates were about 78 percent in 2004. Weights were developed to permit estimates for the total U.S. population 12 years and older. For more information about the NCVS, contact:
Katrina Baum Victimization Statistics Branch Bureau of Justice Statistics U.S. Department of Justice 810 7th Street NW Washington, DC 20531 Telephone: (202) 307-5889 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs
School Crime Supplement (SCS)
Created as a supplement to the NCVS and codesigned by the National Center for Edu-cation Statistics and Bureau of Justice Statistics, the School Crime Supplement (SCS) survey was conducted in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 to collect addition-al information about school-related victimizations on a national level. This report in-cludes data from the 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 collections. The 1989 data are not included in this report as a result of methodological changes to the NCVS and SCS. The survey was designed to assist policymakers as well as academic researchers and practitioners at the federal, state, and local levels so that they can make informed deci-sions concerning crime in schools. The SCS asks students a number of key questions about their experiences with and perceptions of crime and violence that occurred in-side their school, on school grounds, on a school bus, or on the way to or from school. Additional questions not included in the NCVS were also added to the SCS, such as those concerning preventive measures used by the school, students’ participation in after school activities, students’ perceptions of school rules, the presence of weapons and gangs in school, the presence of hate-related words and graffi ti in school, student reports of bullying and reports of rejection at school, and the availability of drugs and
164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
alcohol in school, as well as attitudinal questions relating to fear of victimization and avoidance behavior at school.
In all SCS survey years, the SCS was conducted for a 6-month period from Janu-ary–June in all households selected for the NCVS (see discussion above for information about the NCVS sampling design and changes to the race/ethnicity item made for 2003 onward). It should be noted that the initial NCVS interview is included in the SCS data collection. Within these households, the eligible respondents for the SCS were those household members who had attended school at any time during the 6 months pre-ceding the interview, were enrolled in grades 6–12, and were not home schooled. The age range of students covered in this report is 12–18 years of age. Eligible respondents were asked the supplemental questions in the SCS only after completing their entire NCVS interview.
The prevalence of victimization for 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 was calculated by using NCVS incident variables appended to the 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 SCS data fi les. The NCVS type of crime variable was used to classify victimizations of students in the SCS as serious violent, violent, or theft. The NCVS variables asking where the incident happened and what the victim was doing when it happened were used to ascertain whether the incident happened at school. For prevalence of victim-ization, the NCVS defi nition of “at school” includes in the school building, on school property, or on the way to or from school. Only incidents that occurred inside the United States are included.
In 2001, the SCS survey instrument was modifi ed from previous collections in three ways. First, in 1995 and 1999, “at school” was defi ned for respondents as in the school building, on the school grounds, or on a school bus. In 2001, the defi nition for “at school” was changed to mean in the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to and from school. This change was made to the 2001 questionnaire in order to be consistent with the defi nition of “at school” as it is constructed in the NCVS and was also used as the defi nition in 2003 and 2005. Cognitive interviews conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau on the 1999 SCS suggested that modifi cations to the defi ni-tion of “at school” would not have a substantial impact on the estimates.
Second, the SCS questions pertaining to fear and avoidance were changed for the 2001 SCS survey. In 1995, 1999, 2003, and 2005, students were asked if they were fearful or avoidant because they thought someone would “attack or harm” them. In 2001, stu-dents were asked if they were fearful or avoidant because they thought someone would “attack or threaten to attack” them. In the 1999 and 2001 SCS, students were asked to exclude times they were at school or going to or from school in the question about fear away from school. In 2003 and 2005, when asked about fear away from school, students were asked to exclude times they were at school; however, in these years the defi nition of “at school” included going to and from school. These changes should be considered when making comparisons across survey years.
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Third, the SCS question pertaining to gangs changed beginning with the 2001 SCS. The introduction and defi nition of gangs as well as the placement of the item in the questionnaire changed in the 2001 SCS. Because of these changes, the reader should be cautioned not to compare results from 2001 onwards (presented in this report) with estimates of gang presence in 1995 and 1999 (presented in previous editions of this report).
In 2005, the SCS instrument was modifi ed again. In this year, the SCS question(s) per-taining to bullying changed. In 1999, 2001, and 2003, students were asked a single bullying question. The 2005 SCS included a series of questions about bullying. Because of substantive changes in questionnaire wording, comparisons between the 2005 SCS bullying indicator and all other survey years should be made with caution.
Total victimization is a combination of violent victimization and theft. If the student re-ported an incident of either violent or theft victimization or both, he or she is counted as having experienced “total” victimization. Serious violent crimes include rape, sexual assault, robbery, and aggravated assault. Violent crimes include serious violent crimes and simple assault. Theft includes purse snatching, pick pocketing, all burglaries, at-tempted forcible entry, and all attempted and completed thefts except motor vehicle thefts.
A total of 9,728 students participated in the 1995 SCS, 8,398 in 1999, 8,374 in 2001, 7,152 in 2003, and 6,297 in 2005. In the 2005 SCS, the household completion rate was 91 percent. In the 1995, 1999, 2001 and 2003 SCS, the household completion rates were 95 percent, 94 percent, 93 percent, and 92 percent, respectively; and the student completion rates were 78 percent, 78 percent, 77 percent, and 70 percent, re-spectively. For the 2005 SCS, the student completion rate was 62 percent.
Thus, the overall unweighted SCS response rate (calculated by multiplying the house-hold completion rate by the student completion rate) was 74 percent in 1995, 73 percent in 1999, 72 percent in 2001, 64 percent in 2003, and 56 percent in 2005. Re-sponse rates for most survey items were high—typically over 95 percent of all eligible respondents. The weights were developed to compensate for differential probabilities of selection and nonresponse. The weighted data permit inferences about the eligible stu-dent population who were enrolled in schools in 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005.
Due to the low unit response rate in 2005, a unit nonresponse bias analysis was com-missioned. There are two types of nonresponse: unit and item nonresponse. Unit re-sponse rates indicate how many sampled units have completed interviews. Because interviews with students could only be completed after households had responded to NCVS, the unit completion rate for SCS refl ects both the household interview comple-tion rate and the student interview completion rate.
Nonresponse can greatly affect the strength and application of survey data by leading to an increase in variance as a result of a reduction in the actual size of the sample and
166 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
can produce bias if the nonrespondents have characteristics of interest that are different from the respondents. Furthermore, imputation, a common recourse to nonresponse, can lead to the risk of underestimating the sampling error if imputed data are treated as though they were observed data.
In order for response bias to occur, respondents must have different response rates and responses to particular survey variables. The magnitude of unit nonresponse bias is determined by the response rate and the differences between respondents and nonre-spondents on key survey variables. Although the bias analysis cannot measure response bias since SCS is a sample survey and we do not know how the population would have responded, the SCS sampling frame has four key student or school characteristic vari-ables for which data is known for respondents and nonrespondents: sex, race/ethnicity, household income, and urbanicity, all of which are associated with student victimiza-tion. To the extent that there are differential responses by respondents in these groups, nonresponse bias is a concern.
The analysis of unit nonresponse bias found evidence of bias for the race, household income, and urbanicity variables. White, non-Hispanic and Other, non-Hispanic re-spondents had higher response rates than Black, non-Hispanic, and Hispanic respon-dents. Respondents from households with an income of $35,000–49,999 and $50,000 or more had higher response rates than those from households with incomes of less than $7,500, $7,500–14,999, $15,000–24,999, and $25,000–34,999. Respondents who live in urban areas had lower response rates than those who live in rural or sub-urban areas. Although we cannot assess the extent of nonresponse bias, weighting adjustments, which corrected for differential response rates, should have reduced the problem. For more information about SCS, contact:
Kathryn A. Chandler National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 502-7486 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/crime
Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)
The National School-Based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is one component of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), an epidemiological surveillance system developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to monitor the prevalence of youth behaviors that most infl uence health.1 The YRBS focuses on priority health-risk behaviors established during youth that result in the most signifi cant mortality, morbidity, disability, and social problems during both youth and adulthood. This report uses 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 YRBS data.
1 For more information on the YRBSS methodology, see Brener et al. (2004).
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
The YRBS uses a three-stage cluster sampling design to produce a nationally represen-tative sample of students in grades 9–12 in the United States. The target population consisted of all public and private school students in grades 9–12 in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The fi rst-stage sampling frame included selecting primary sampling units (PSUs) from strata formed on the basis of urbanization and the relative percentage of Black and Hispanic students in the PSU. These PSUs are either large counties or groups of smaller, adjacent counties. At the second stage, schools were se-lected with probability proportional to school enrollment size.
Schools with substantial numbers of Black and Hispanic students were sampled at relatively higher rates than all other schools. The fi nal stage of sampling consisted of randomly selecting within each chosen school at each grade 9–12 one or two intact classes of a required subject, such as English or social studies. All students in selected classes were eligible to participate. Approximately 16,300, 10,900, 16,300, 15,300, 13,600, 15,200, and 13,900 students participated in the 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 surveys, respectively.
The overall response rate was 70 percent for the 1993 survey, 60 percent for the 1995 survey, 69 percent for the 1997 survey, 66 percent for the 1999 survey, 63 percent for the 2001 survey, 67 percent for the 2003 survey, and 67 percent for the 2005 survey. NCES standards call for response rates of 85 percent or better for cross-sectional sur-veys, and bias analyses are required by NCES when that percentage is not achieved. For YRBS data, a full nonresponse bias analysis has not been done because the data necessary to do the analysis are not available. The weights were developed to adjust for nonresponse and the oversampling of Black and Hispanic students in the sample. The fi nal weights were constructed so that only weighted proportions of students (not weighted counts of students) in each grade matched national population projections. Where YRBS data are presented, accurate national population projections are provided from the Digest of Education Statistics, 2002 and 2005 (U.S. Department of Education 2003, 2006).
State level data were downloaded from the Youth Online: Comprehensive Results web page (http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/yrbss/). Each state and local school-based YRBS employs a two-stage, cluster sample design to produce representative samples of students in grades 9–12 in their jurisdiction. All except a few state and local samples include only public schools, and each local sample includes only schools in the funded school dis-trict (e.g., San Diego Unifi ed School District) rather than in the entire city (e.g., greater San Diego area).
In the fi rst sampling stage in all except a few states and districts, schools are selected with probability proportional to school enrollment size. In the second sampling stage, intact classes of a required subject or intact classes during a required period (e.g., second period) are selected randomly. All students in sampled classes are eligible to participate. Certain states and districts modify these procedures to meet their individual needs. For example, in a given state or district, all schools, rather than a sample of schools, might be selected to participate. State and local surveys that have a scientifi -
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cally selected sample, appropriate documentation, and an overall response rate greater than or equal to 60 percent are weighted. The overall response rate refl ects the school response rate multiplied by the student response rate. These three criteria are used to ensure that the data from those surveys can be considered representative of students in grades 9–12 in that jurisdiction. A weight is applied to each record to adjust for student nonresponse and the distribution of students by grade, sex, and race/ethnicity in each jurisdiction. Therefore, weighted estimates are representative of all students in grades 9–12 attending schools in each jurisdiction. Surveys that do not have an overall response rate of greater than or equal to 60 percent and do not have appropriate docu-mentation are not weighted and are not included in this report.
In 2005, a total of 40 states and 21 districts had weighted data. In sites with weighted data, the student sample sizes for the state and local YRBS ranged from 942 to 9,708. School response rates ranged from 72 to 100 percent, student response rates ranged from 61 to 93 percent, and overall response rates ranged from 60 to 85 percent.
Readers should note that reports of these data published by the CDC do not include percentages where the denominator includes less than 100 unweighted cases. Howev-er, NCES publications do not include percentages where the denominator includes less than 30 unweighted cases. Therefore, estimates presented here may not appear in CDC publications of YRBS estimates and are considered unstable by CDC standards.
In 1999, in accordance with changes to the Offi ce of Management and Budget’s stan-dards for the classifi cation of federal data on race and ethnicity, the YRBS item on race/ethnicity was modifi ed. The version of the race and ethnicity question used in 1993, 1995, and 1997 was:
How do you describe yourself? A. White - not Hispanic B. Black - not Hispanic C. Hispanic or Latino D. Asian or Pacifi c Islander E. American Indian or Alaskan Native F. Other
The version used in 1999, 2001, 2003, and in the 2005 state and local surveys was:
How do you describe yourself? (Select one or more responses.) A. American Indian or Alaska Native B. Asian C. Black or African American D. Hispanic or Latino E. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacifi c Islander F. White
In the 2005 national survey, race/ethnicity was computed from two questions: 1) “Are you Hispanic or Latino?” (response options were “yes” and “no”), and 2) “What is your
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
race?” (response options were “American Indian or Alaska Native,” “Asian,” “Black or African American,” “Native Hawaiian or Other Pacifi c Islander,” or “White”). For the second question, students could select more than one response option. For this report, students were classifi ed as “Hispanic” if they answered “yes” to the fi rst question, re-gardless of how they answered the second question. Students who answered “no” to the fi rst question and selected more than one race/ethnicity in the second category were classifi ed as “More than one race.” Students who answered “no” to the fi rst ques-tion and selected only one race/ethnicity were classifi ed as that race/ethnicity. Race/ethnicity was set to missing for students who did not answer the fi rst question (176 cases) or for students who answered “no” to the fi rst question but did not answer the second question (48 cases).
The questions used in 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005 result in the possibility of respon-dents marking more than one category. While more accurately refl ecting respondents’ racial and ethnic identity, the new item cannot be directly compared to responses to the old item. Brener, Kann, and McManus (2003) found that allowing students to select more than one response to the race/ethnicity question on the YRBS had only a minimal effect on reported race/ethnicity among high school students. CDC is examining the ef-fect of using a two-question format to assess race/ethnicity in the 2005 national YRBS.
For additional information about the YRBS, contact:
Laura Kann Division of Adolescent and School Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Mailstop K-33 4770 Buford Highway NE Atlanta, GA 30341-3717 Telephone: (770) 488-6181 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.cdc.gov/yrbs
Schools and Staffi ng Survey (SASS)
This report draws upon data on teacher victimization from the Schools and Staffi ng Survey (SASS), which provides national- and state-level data on public schools and national- and affi liation-level data on private schools. The 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 SASS were collected by the U.S. Census Bureau and sponsored by the Na-tional Center for Education Statistics (NCES). SASS consists of four sets of linked sur-veys, including surveys of schools, the principals of each selected school, a subsample of teachers within each school, and public school districts. In 1993–94, there were two sets of teacher surveys, public and private school teachers. In 1999–2000, there were four sets of teacher surveys, public, private, public charter, and Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) school teachers. In 2003–04, there were three sets of teacher surveys, public (in-cluding public charter), private, and BIA. For this report, BIA and public charter schools are included with public schools.
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The public school sampling frames for the 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 SASS were created using the 1991–92, 1997–98, and 2001–02 NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) Public School Universe Files, respectively. In SASS, a school was defi ned as an institution or part of an institution that provides classroom instruction to students; has one or more teachers to provide instruction; serves students in one or more of grades 1–12 or the ungraded equivalent and is located in one or more buildings. It was pos-sible for two or more schools to share the same building; in this case they were treated as different schools if they had different administrations (i.e., principals). Since CCD and SASS differ in scope and their defi nitions of a school, some records were deleted, added, or modifi ed in order to provide better coverage and a more effi cient sample design for SASS. Data were collected by multistage sampling, which began with the selection of schools.
This report uses 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04 SASS data. Approximately 10,000 public schools and 3,300 private schools were selected to participate in the 1993–94 SASS, 11,100 public schools (9,900 public schools, 100 BIA-funded schools, and 1,100 charter schools) and 3,600 private schools were selected to participate in the 1999–2000 SASS, and 10,400 public schools (10,200 public schools and 200 BIA-funded schools) and 3,600 private schools were selected to participate in the 2003–04 SASS. Within each school, teachers selected were further stratifi ed into one of fi ve teacher types in the following hierarchy: (1) Asian or Pacifi c Islander; (2) American Indi-an, Aleut, or Eskimo; (3) teachers who teach classes designed for students with limited English profi ciency; (4) teachers in their fi rst, second, or third year of teaching; and (5) teachers not classifi ed in any of the other groups. Within each teacher stratum, teachers were selected systematically with equal probability. In 1993–94, approximately 57,000 public school teachers and 11,500 private school teachers were sampled. In 1999–2000, 56,300 public school teachers, 500 BIA teachers, 4,400 public charter school teachers, and 10,800 private school teachers were sampled. In 2003–04, 52,500 public school teachers, 700 BIA teachers, and 10,000 private school teachers were sampled.
This report focuses on responses from teachers. The overall weighted response rate for public school teachers in 1993–94 was 88 percent. In 1999–2000, the overall weight-ed response rates were 77 percent for public school teachers, and 86 and 72 percent for BIA and public charter school teachers, respectively (which are included with public school teachers for this report). In 2003–2004, the overall weighted response rates were 76 percent for public school teachers and 86 percent for BIA-funded school teachers (who are included with public school teachers). For private school teachers, the overall weighted response rates were 80 percent, 67 percent, and 70 percent in 1993–94, 1999–2000, and 2003–04, respectively. Values were imputed for question-naire items that should have been answered but were not. For additional information about SASS, contact:
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Kerry Gruber National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 502-7349 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/sass
School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS)
The School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) was conducted by NCES in the winter and spring of the 2003–04 school year. SSOCS focuses on incidents of specifi c crimes and offenses and a variety of specifi c discipline issues in public schools. It also covers characteristics of school policies, school violence prevention programs and policies, and school characteristics that have been associated with school crime. The survey was conducted with a nationally representative sample of regular public primary, middle, high, and combined schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Special edu-cation, alternative and vocational schools, schools in the territories, and schools that taught only prekindergarten, kindergarten, or adult education were not included in the sample.
The sampling frame for the 2004 SSOCS was constructed from the public school uni-verse fi le created for the 2003–04 Schools and Staffi ng Survey (SASS) from the 2001–02 NCES Common Core of Data (CCD) Public School Universe File. The CCD is an an-nual national database of all public K–12 schools and school districts. Certain types of schools were excluded from the CCD Public School Universe File in order to meet the sampling needs of SASS, including those in the outlying U.S. territories,2 overseas Department of Defense schools, newly closed schools, home schools, and schools with high grades of kindergarten or lower. Additional schools were then excluded from the SASS frame to meet the sampling needs of SSOCS, including; local education agencies that appear to be schools, special education, vocational, or alternative schools, depart-ment of defense schools, Bureau of Indian Affairs schools, ungraded schools, and “in-termediate units”3 in California and Pennsylvania. The sample was stratifi ed by instruc-tional level, type of locale (e.g., city, urban fringe, etc.), and enrollment size. Within the primary strata, schools were also sorted by geographic region and by percentage of minority enrollment. The sample was then allocated to the primary strata in rough pro-portion to the square root of the total sum of individual enrollments of schools within the stratum. A total of 3,743 schools were selected for the study. In March 2004, ques-tionnaires were mailed to school principals, who were asked to complete the survey or to have it completed by the person most knowledgeable about discipline issues at the school. A total of 2,772 schools completed the survey. The weighted overall response rate was 77.2 percent, and weighted item nonresponse rates ranged from 0–33.3 per-cent. A nonresponse bias analysis was conducted on the nine items with weighted item
2 “U.S. outlying areas” include the following: America Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.3 These are generally schools specializing in special education, alternative education, or juvenile halls.
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nonresponse rates above 15 percent, and minimal bias was detected. Weights were developed to adjust for the variable probabilities of selection and differential nonre-sponse and can be used to produce national estimates for regular public schools in the 2003–04 school year. For information on the 1999–2000 iteration, see Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2005. For more information about the School Survey on Crime and Safety, contact:
Kathryn A. Chandler National Center for Education Statistics 1990 K Street NW Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 502-7486 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/ssocs
ACCURACY OF ESTIMATES
The accuracy of any statistic is determined by the joint effects of nonsampling and sampling errors. Both types of error affect the estimates presented in this report. Several sources can contribute to nonsampling errors. For example, members of the popula-tion of interest are inadvertently excluded from the sampling frame; sampled members refuse to answer some of the survey questions (item nonresponse) or all of the survey questions (questionnaire nonresponse); mistakes are made during data editing, coding, or entry; the responses that respondents provide differ from the “true” responses; or measurement instruments such as tests or questionnaires fail to measure the character-istics they are intended to measure. Although nonsampling errors due to questionnaire and item nonresponse can be reduced somewhat by the adjustment of sample weights and imputation procedures, correcting nonsampling errors or gauging the effects of these errors is usually diffi cult.
Sampling errors occur because observations are made on samples rather than on en-tire populations. Surveys of population universes are not subject to sampling errors. Estimates based on a sample will differ somewhat from those that would have been obtained by a complete census of the relevant population using the same survey in-struments, instructions, and procedures. The standard error of a statistic is a measure of the variation due to sampling; it indicates the precision of the statistic obtained in a particular sample. In addition, the standard errors for two sample statistics can be used to estimate the precision of the difference between the two statistics and to help deter-mine whether the difference based on the sample is large enough so that it represents the population difference.
Most of the data used in this report were obtained from complex sampling designs rather than a simple random design. The features of complex sampling require different techniques to calculate standard errors than are used for data collected using a simple random sampling. Therefore, calculation of standard errors requires procedures that are markedly different from the ones used when the data are from a simple random sample. The Taylor series approximation technique or the balanced repeated replica-
tion (BRR) method was used to estimate most of the statistics and their standard errors in this report. Figure A.3 lists the various methods used to compute standard errors for different datasets.
Standard error calculation for data from the National Crime Victimization Survey and the School Crime Supplement was based on the Taylor series approximation method using PSU and strata variables available from each dataset. For statistics based on all years of NCVS data, standard errors were derived from a formula developed by the U.S. Census Bureau, which consists of three generalized variance function (gvf) con-stant parameters that represent the curve fi tted to the individual standard errors calcu-lated using the Jackknife Repeated Replication technique. The formulas used to com-pute the adjusted standard errors associated with percentages or population counts can be found in fi gure A.3.
The coeffi cient of variation (Cv) represents the ratio of the standard error to the mean. As an attribute of a distribution, the Cv is an important measure of the reliability and accuracy of an estimate. In this report, the Cv was calculated for all estimates, and in cases where the Cv was at least 30 percent the estimates were noted with a ! symbol (interpret data with caution). In cases where the Cv was greater than 50 percent, the es-timate was determined not to meet reporting standards and was suppressed.
STATISTICAL PROCEDURES
The comparisons in the text have been tested for statistical signifi cance to ensure that the differences are larger than might be expected due to sampling variation. Unless otherwise noted, all statements cited in the report are statistically signifi cant at the .05 level. Several test procedures were used, depending upon the type of data being ana-lyzed and the nature of the statement being tested. The primary test procedure used in this report was the student’s t statistic, which tests the difference between two sample estimates, for example, between males and females. The formula used to compute the t statistic is as follows:
E1–E2 (1) t =
se12 +se2
2
where E1 and E2 are the estimates to be compared and se1 and se2 are their corre-sponding standard errors. Note that this formula is valid only for independent esti-mates. When the estimates are not independent (for example, when comparing a total percentage with that for a subgroup included in the total), a covariance term (i.e., 2*se1*se2) must be added to the denominator of the formula:
E1–E2 (2) t =
se12 +se2
2 +2*se1*se2
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
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Once the t value was computed, it was compared with the published tables of values at certain critical levels, called alpha levels. For this report, an alpha value of .05 was used, which has a t value of 1.96. If the t value was larger than 1.96, then the differ-ence between the two estimates is statistically signifi cant at the 95 percent level.
A linear trend test was used when differences among percentages were examined rela-tive to ordered categories of a variable, rather than the differences between two dis-crete categories. This test allows one to examine whether, for example, the percentage of students using drugs increased (or decreased) over time or whether the percentage of students who reported being physically attacked in school increased (or decreased) with their age. Based on a regression with, for example, student’s age as the indepen-dent variable and whether a student was physically attacked as the dependent vari-able, the test involves computing the regression coeffi cient (b) and its corresponding standard error (se). The ratio of these two (b/se) is the test statistic t. If t is greater than 1.96, the critical value for one comparison at the .05 alpha level, the hypothesis that there is a linear relationship between student’s age and being physically attacked is not rejected.
Some comparisons among categories of an ordered variable with three or more lev-els involved a test for a linear trend across all categories, rather than a series of tests between pairs of categories. In this report, when differences among percentages were examined relative to a variable with ordered categories, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for a linear relationship between the two variables. To do this, ANOVA models included orthogonal linear contrasts corresponding to successive levels of the independent variable. The squares of the Taylorized standard errors (that is, standard er-rors that were calculated by the Taylor series method), the variance between the means, and the unweighted sample sizes were used to partition the total sum of squares into within- and between-group sums of squares. These were used to create mean squares for the within- and between-group variance components and their corresponding F sta-tistics, which were then compared with published values of F for a signifi cance level of .05. Signifi cant values of both the overall F and the F associated with the linear contrast term were required as evidence of a linear relationship between the two variables.
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Figure A.1.—Descriptions of data sources and samples used in the report
Year of Response Sample
Data source Target population survey rate (%) size
1992–ongoing 78 (Schools)1 N/A
1992–2004 91 N/A
1992–2003 100 N/A
1992–2004
(Annual) About
2004 78 74,300
1995 7429,700
1999 7328,400
2001 7228,400
2003 6427,200
2005 5626,300
1993 70216,300
1995 60210,900
1997 69216,300
1999 66215,300
2001 63213,600
2003 67215,200
2005 67213,900
2003 60–902 1,000–
9,300
2005 61–932 900–
9,700
NOTE: See notes at end of figure.
Representative samples of students in grades 9–12 in each state. All except a few state samples include only public schools.
State Youth Risk Behavior Survey (CDC)
School Crime Supplement (BJS/NCES)
A nationally representative sample of students ages 12–18 enrolled in public and private schools during the 6 months prior to the interview.
National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (CDC)
A nationally representative sample of students enrolled in grades 9–12 in public and private schools at the time of the survey.
Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System™ Fatal (CDC)
Death certificate data reported to the National Center for Health Statistics.
National Crime Victimization Survey (BJS)
A nationally representative sample of individuals 12 years of age and older living in households and group quarters.
School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study (CDC)
Population of school-associated violent deaths in the United States between July 1, 1992, and June 30, 2005. Data collected from two sources: a school official and a police official.
Supplementary Homicide Reports (FBI)
Population of criminal homicides in the United States from January 1976–December 2004.
Figure A.1. Descriptions of data sources and samples used in the report
176 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figure A.1.—Descriptions of data sources and samples used in the report—Continued
Year of Response Sample
Data source Target population survey rate (%) size
1993–1994 88 (Public)357,000
80 (Private)311,500
1999–2000 77 (Public)356,300
67 (Private)310,800
86 (BIA)3 500
72 (Public Charter)34,400
2003–2004 76 (Public)352,500
70 (Private)310,000
86 (BIA)3 700
1999–2000 7022,300
2003–2004 7722,800
1 The interviews conducted on cases between July 1, 1994, and June 30, 1999 achieved a response rate of 97 percent for police officials and
78 percent for school officials. Data for subsequent study years are preliminary and subject to change.2 Unweighted response rate.3 Overall weighted response rate.
NOTE: Sample sizes are rounded to the nearest 100.
School Survey on Crime and Safety (NCES)
A nationally representative sample of regular public elementary, middle, and secondary schools.
Schools and Staffing Survey (Teacher Survey) (NCES)
A nationally representative sample of public and private school teachers from grades K–12.
Figure A.1. Descriptions of data sources and samples used in the report—Continued
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
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ned?
If
yes,
how
man
y tim
es?
(Oth
er th
an a
ny in
cide
nts
alre
ady
men
tione
d,) s
ince
(dat
e) w
ere
you
atta
cked
or
thre
a ten
ed o
r di
d yo
u ha
ve s
omet
hing
sto
len
from
you
At w
ork
or s
choo
l O
r di
d an
yone
atte
mpt
to a
ttack
or
atte
mpt
to s
teal
any
thin
g be
long
ing
to y
ou fr
om a
ny o
f the
se p
lace
s?
Yes
/No;
if y
es, w
hat h
appe
ned?
If
yes,
how
man
y tim
es?
(Oth
er th
an a
ny in
cide
nts
alre
ady
men
tione
d,) h
as a
nyon
e at
tack
ed o
r th
reat
ened
you
in a
ny o
f the
se
way
s (e
xclu
de te
leph
one
thre
ats)
: W
ith a
ny w
eapo
n, fo
r in
stan
ce, a
gun
or
knife
W
ith a
nyth
ing
like
a ba
seba
ll ba
t, fr
ying
pan
, sci
ssor
s, o
r st
ick
By
som
ethi
ng th
row
n, s
uch
as a
roc
k or
bot
tle
Inc
lude
any
gra
bbin
g, p
unch
ing,
or
chok
ing
Any
rap
e, a
ttem
pted
rap
e, o
r ot
her
type
of s
exua
l atta
ck
Any
face
to fa
ce th
reat
s O
r an
y at
tack
or
thre
at o
r us
e of
forc
e by
any
one
at a
ll?
Ple
ase
men
tion
it ev
en if
you
are
not
cer
tain
it w
as a
cri
me.
Yes
/No;
if y
es, w
hat h
appe
ned?
If
yes,
how
man
y tim
es?
Peop
le o
ften
don’
t thi
nk o
f inc
iden
ts c
omm
itted
by
som
eone
they
kno
w. (
Oth
er th
an a
ny in
cide
nts
alre
ady
men
tione
d,) d
id y
ou h
ave
som
ethi
ng s
tole
n fr
om y
ou o
r w
ere
you
atta
cked
or
thre
aten
ed b
y (e
xclu
de te
leph
one
thre
ats)
: S
omeo
ne a
t wor
k or
sch
ool?
Yes
/No;
if y
es, w
hat h
appe
ned?
If ye
s, h
ow m
any
times
?
Inci
dent
s in
volv
ing
forc
ed o
r un
wan
ted
sexu
al a
cts
a re
ofte
n di
fficu
lt to
talk
abo
ut. (
Oth
er th
an a
ny
inci
dent
s al
read
y m
entio
ned,
) hav
e yo
u be
en fo
rced
or
coer
ced
to e
ngag
e in
unw
ante
d se
xual
ac
tivity
by:
S
omeo
ne y
ou d
idn’
t kno
w b
efo r
e A
cas
ual a
cqua
inta
nce
Or
som
eone
you
kno
w w
ell?
Yes
/No;
if y
es, w
hat h
appe
ned?
If ye
s, h
ow m
any
times
?
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
178 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey1
(In
cide
nt R
epor
t)
Whe
re d
id th
is in
cide
nt h
appe
n?In
ow
n ho
me
or lo
dgin
g/N
ear
own
hom
e/A
t, in
, or
near
a fr
iend
’s/
rela
tive’
s/ne
ighb
or’s
hom
e/C
omm
erci
al p
lace
s/Pa
rkin
g lo
ts/
gara
ges/
Scho
ol/O
pen
area
s, o
n st
reet
or
pub
lic tr
ansp
orta
tion/
Oth
er
W
hat w
ere
you
doin
g w
hen
this
inci
dent
(hap
pene
d/st
arte
d)?
Wor
king
or
on d
uty/
On
the
way
to
or fr
om w
ork/
On
the
way
to o
r fr
om
scho
ol/O
n th
e w
ay to
or
from
oth
er
plac
e/Sh
oppi
ng, e
rran
ds/A
ttend
ing
scho
ol/L
eisu
re a
ctiv
ity a
way
from
ho
me/
Slee
ping
/Oth
er a
ctiv
ities
at
hom
e/O
ther
Indi
cato
r 3.
Pre
vale
nce
of V
ictim
izat
ion
at S
choo
l
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Der
ived
from
NC
VS
Scre
en Q
uest
ionn
aire
and
Inci
dent
Rep
ort (
see
info
rmat
ion
for
Indi
cato
r 2)
.
Indi
cato
r 4.
Thr
eats
and
Inju
ries
With
Wea
pons
on
Scho
ol P
rope
rty
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 1
2 m
onth
s, h
ow m
any
times
has
som
eone
thre
aten
ed o
r in
jure
d yo
u w
ith a
wea
pon
such
as
a gu
n, k
nife
, or
club
on
scho
ol p
rope
rty?
0 tim
es/1
tim
e/2–
3 tim
es/4
–5tim
es/6
–7 ti
mes
/8–9
tim
es/1
0–11
times
/12
or m
ore
times
Non
fata
l Tea
cher
Vic
tim
izat
ion
Indi
cato
r 5.
Tea
cher
s Th
reat
ened
With
Inju
ry o
r A
ttack
ed b
y St
uden
ts
Sc
hool
s an
d St
affin
g Su
rvey
1H
as a
stu
dent
from
this
sch
ool t
hrea
tene
d to
inju
re y
ou in
the
past
12
mon
ths?
Yes
/No
Has
a s
tude
nt fr
om th
is s
choo
l phy
sica
lly a
ttack
ed y
ou in
the
past
12
mon
ths?
Yes
/No
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Scho
ol E
nvir
onm
ent
Indi
cato
r 6.
Vio
lent
and
Oth
er In
cide
nts
at P
ublic
Sch
ools
and
Tho
se R
epor
ted
to th
e Po
lice
Sc
hool
Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
1Pl
ease
pro
vide
the
num
ber
of in
cide
nts
your
sch
ool r
ecor
ded
duri
ng th
e 20
03–2
004
scho
ol y
ear
for
the
offe
nses
list
ed b
elow
. R
ape
or a
ttem
pted
rap
e S
exua
l bat
tery
oth
er th
an r
ape
(incl
ude
thre
aten
ed r
ape)
Rob
bery
(tak
ing
thin
gs b
y fo
rce)
with
a w
eapo
n R
obbe
ry (t
akin
g th
ings
by
forc
e) w
ithou
t a w
eapo
n P
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
a w
eapo
n P
hysi
cal a
ttack
or
fight
with
out a
wea
pon
Thr
eats
of p
hysi
cal a
ttack
with
a w
eapo
n T
hrea
ts o
f phy
sica
l atta
ck w
itho u
t a w
eapo
n T
heft/
larc
eny
(taki
ng th
ings
ove
r $1
0 w
ithou
t per
sona
l con
fron
tatio
n) P
osse
ssio
n of
fire
arm
/exp
losi
ve d
evic
e P
osse
ssio
n of
kni
fe o
r sh
arp
obje
ct w
ith in
tent
to h
arm
Dis
trib
utio
n of
ille
gal d
rugs
Pos
sess
ion
or u
se o
f alc
ohol
or
illeg
al d
rugs
Van
dalis
m
Tota
l num
ber
of r
ecor
ded
inci
dent
s/N
umbe
r re
port
ed to
pol
ice
or o
ther
la
w e
nfor
cem
ent
Indi
cato
r 7.
Dis
cipl
ine
Prob
lem
s R
epor
ted
by P
ublic
Sch
ools
Sc
hool
Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
1To
the
best
of y
our
know
ledg
e, h
ow o
ften
did
the
follo
win
g ty
pes
of p
robl
ems
occu
r at
you
r sc
hool
? S
tude
nt r
acia
l ten
sion
s S
tude
nt b
ully
ing
Stu
dent
ver
bal a
buse
of t
each
ers
Wid
espr
ead
diso
rder
in c
lass
room
s S
tude
nt a
cts
of d
isre
spec
t for
teac
hers
Gan
g ac
tiviti
es C
ult o
r ex
trem
ist g
roup
act
iviti
es
Hap
pens
dai
ly/H
appe
ns a
t lea
ston
ce a
wee
k/H
appe
ns a
t lea
ston
ce a
mon
th/H
appe
ns o
n oc
casi
on/N
ever
hap
pens
Indi
cato
r 8.
Stu
dent
s’ R
epor
ts o
f Gan
gs a
t Sch
ool
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Are
ther
e an
y ga
ngs
at y
our
scho
ol?
Yes
/No/
Don
’t kn
ow
Indi
cato
r 9.
Stu
dent
s’ R
epor
ts o
f Dru
g A
vaila
bilit
y on
Sch
ool P
rope
rty
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 1
2 m
onth
s, h
as a
nyon
e of
fere
d, s
old,
or
give
n yo
u an
ille
gal d
rug
on s
choo
l pr
oper
ty?
Yes
/No
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
180 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Indi
cato
r 10
. Stu
dent
s’ R
epor
ts o
f Bei
ng C
alle
d H
ate-
Rel
ated
Wor
ds a
nd S
eein
g H
ate-
Rel
ated
Gra
ffiti
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Dur
ing
the
last
6 m
onth
s, h
as a
nyon
e ca
lled
you
a de
roga
tory
or
bad
nam
e at
sch
ool h
avin
g to
do
with
you
r ra
ce, r
elig
ion,
eth
nic
back
grou
nd o
r na
tiona
l ori
gin,
dis
abili
ty, g
ende
r, o
r se
xual
or
ient
atio
n? W
e ca
ll th
ese
hate
-rel
ated
wor
ds.
Yes
/No
Wer
e an
y of
the
hate
-rel
ated
wor
ds r
elat
ed to
….
You
r ra
ce?
You
r re
ligio
n? Y
our
ethn
ic b
ackg
roun
d or
nat
iona
l ori
gin
(for
exam
ple
peop
le o
f Hi s
pani
c or
igin
)? A
ny d
isab
ility
(by
this
I m
ean
phys
ical
, men
tal,
or d
evel
opm
enta
l dis
abili
ties)
you
may
hav
e? Y
our
gend
er?
You
r se
xual
ori
enta
tion?
Yes
/No/
Don
’t kn
ow
Dur
ing
the
last
6 m
onth
s, h
ave
you
seen
any
hat
e-re
late
d w
ords
or
sym
bols
wri
tten
in s
choo
l cl
assr
oom
s, s
choo
l bat
hroo
ms,
sch
ool h
allw
ays,
or
on th
e ou
tsid
e of
you
r sc
hool
bui
ldin
g?Y
es/N
o
Indi
cato
r 11
. Bul
lyin
g at
Sch
ool
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Now
I ha
ve s
ome
ques
tions
abo
ut w
hat s
tude
nts
do a
t sch
ool t
hat m
ake
you
feel
bad
or
are
hurt
ful t
o yo
u. W
e of
ten
refe
r to
this
as
bein
g bu
llied
. You
may
incl
ude
even
ts y
ou to
ld m
e ab
out
alre
ady.
Dur
ing
the
last
6 m
onth
s , h
as a
ny o
ther
stu
dent
bul
lied
you?
Tha
t is,
has
ano
ther
stu
dent
...
Mad
e fu
n of
you
, cal
led
you
nam
es,
or in
sulte
d yo
u/Sp
read
rum
ors
abou
t yo
u/Th
reat
ened
you
with
har
m/
Push
ed y
ou, s
hove
d yo
u, tr
ippe
d yo
u, o
r sp
it on
you
/Tri
ed to
mak
e yo
u do
thin
gs y
ou d
id n
ot w
ant t
o do
, for
exa
mpl
e, g
ive
them
mon
ey o
r ot
her
thin
gs/E
xclu
ded
you
from
ac
tiviti
es o
n pu
rpos
e/D
estr
oyed
you
r pr
oper
ty o
n pu
rpos
e/N
one
of th
e ab
ove
Dur
ing
the
last
6 m
onth
s, h
ow o
ften
did
(this
thin
g/th
ese
thin
gs) h
appe
n to
you
?O
nce
or tw
ice
in th
e la
st 6
mon
ths/
Onc
e or
twic
e a
mon
th/O
nce
or
twic
e a
wee
k/A
lmos
t eve
ry d
ay/
Don
’t kn
ow
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Did
(thi
s ev
ent/t
hese
eve
nts)
occ
ur …
In th
e sc
hool
bui
ldin
g (fo
r ex
ampl
e in
a c
lass
room
, hal
lway
, or
gym
nasi
um)/O
utsi
de o
n sc
hool
gr
ound
s/O
n a
scho
ol b
us/
Som
ewhe
re e
lse
Wha
t wer
e th
e in
juri
es y
ou s
uffe
red
as a
re s
ult o
f bei
ng p
ushe
d, s
hove
d, tr
ippe
d, o
r sp
it on
?N
one/
Bru
ises
or
swel
ling/
Cut
s,
scra
tche
s, o
r sc
rape
s/B
lack
eye
/B
lood
y no
se/T
eeth
chi
pped
or
knoc
ked
out/B
roke
n bo
nes/
Inte
rnal
inju
ries
/Kno
cked
un
cons
ciou
s/O
ther
Figh
ts, W
eapo
ns, a
nd I
llega
l Sub
stan
ces
Indi
cato
r 12
. Phy
sica
l Fig
hts
on S
choo
l Pro
pert
y an
d A
nyw
here
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 1
2 m
onth
s, h
ow m
any
times
wer
e yo
u in
a p
hysi
cal f
ight
?0
times
/1 ti
me/
2 or
3 ti
mes
/4 o
r 5
times
/6 o
r 7
times
/8 o
r 9
times
/10
or
11 ti
mes
/12
or m
ore
time s
Dur
ing
the
past
12
mon
ths,
how
man
y tim
es w
ere
you
in a
phy
sica
l fig
ht o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y?0
times
/1 ti
me/
2 or
3 ti
mes
/4 o
r 5
times
/6 o
r 7
times
/8 o
r 9
times
/10
or
11 ti
mes
/12
or m
ore
times
Indi
cato
r 13
. Stu
dent
s C
arry
ing
Wea
pons
on
Scho
ol P
rope
rty
and
Any
whe
re
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys, o
n ho
w m
any
days
did
you
car
ry a
wea
pon
such
as
a gu
n, k
nife
, or
club
?0
days
/1 d
ay/2
or
3 da
ys/4
or
5 da
ys/
6 or
mor
e da
ys
Dur
ing
the
past
30
days
, on
how
man
y da
ys d
id y
ou c
arry
a w
eapo
n su
ch a
s a
gun,
kni
fe, o
r cl
ub o
n sc
hool
pro
pert
y?0
days
/1 d
ay/2
or
3 da
ys/4
or
5 da
ys/
6 or
mor
e da
ys
Indi
cato
r 14
. Stu
dent
s’ U
se o
f Alc
ohol
on
Scho
ol P
rope
rty
and
Any
whe
re
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys, o
n ho
w m
any
days
did
you
hav
e at
leas
t one
dri
nk o
f alc
ohol
?0
days
/1 o
r 2
d ays
/3 to
5 d
ays/
6 to
9
days
/10
to 1
9 da
ys/2
0 to
29
days
/al
l 30
days
Dur
ing
the
past
30
days
, on
how
man
y da
ys d
id y
ou h
ave
at le
ast o
ne d
rink
of a
lcoh
ol o
n sc
hool
pr
oper
ty?
0 da
ys/1
or
2 da
ys/3
to 5
day
s/6
to 9
da
ys/1
0 to
19
days
/20
to 2
9 da
ys/
all 3
0 da
ys
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
182 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Indi
cato
r 15
. Stu
dent
s’ U
se o
f Mar
ijuan
a on
Sch
ool P
rope
rty
and
Any
whe
re
Y
outh
Ris
k B
ehav
ior
Surv
eyD
urin
g th
e pa
st 3
0 da
ys, h
ow m
any
times
did
you
use
mar
ijuan
a?0
times
/1 o
r 2
times
/3 to
9 ti
mes
/10
to 1
9 tim
es/2
0 to
39
times
/40
or
mor
e tim
es
Dur
ing
the
past
30
days
, how
man
y tim
es d
id y
ou u
se m
ariju
ana
on s
choo
l pro
pert
y?0
times
/1 o
r 2
times
/3 to
9 ti
mes
/10
to 1
9 tim
es/2
0 to
39
times
/40
or
mor
e tim
es
Fear
and
Avo
idan
ce
Indi
cato
r 16
. Stu
dent
s’ P
erce
ptio
ns o
f Per
sona
l Saf
ety
at S
choo
l and
Aw
ay F
rom
Sch
ool
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
How
ofte
n ar
e yo
u af
raid
that
som
eone
will
atta
ck o
r ha
rm y
ou a
t sch
ool?
Nev
er/A
lmos
t nev
er/S
omet
imes
/M
ost o
f the
tim
e
How
ofte
n ar
e yo
u af
raid
that
som
eone
will
atta
ck o
r ha
rm y
ou o
n th
e w
ay to
and
from
sch
ool?
Nev
e r/A
lmos
t nev
er/S
omet
imes
/M
ost o
f the
tim
e
Bes
ides
the
times
you
are
at s
choo
l, ho
w o
ften
are
you
afra
id th
at s
omeo
ne w
ill a
ttack
or
harm
you
?N
ever
/Alm
ost n
ever
/Som
etim
es/
Mos
t of t
he ti
me
Indi
cato
r 17
. Stu
dent
s’ R
epor
ts o
f Avo
idin
g Sc
hool
Act
iviti
es o
r Sp
ecifi
c Pl
aces
in S
choo
l
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Dur
ing
the
last
6 m
onth
s, th
at is
, sin
ce _
____
__1s
t, 20
04, d
id y
ou s
tay
away
from
any
of t
he
follo
win
g pl
aces
bec
ause
you
thou
ght s
omeo
ne m
ight
atta
ck o
r ha
rm y
ou th
ere?
The
ent
ranc
e in
to th
e sc
hool
Any
hal
lway
s or
sta
irs
in s
choo
l P
arts
of t
he s
choo
l caf
eter
ia A
ny s
choo
l res
troo
ms
Oth
er p
lace
s in
side
the
scho
ol b
uild
ing
Yes
/No
Did
you
avo
id a
ny e
xtra
-cur
ricu
lar
activ
ities
at y
our
scho
ol b
ecau
se y
ou th
ough
t som
eone
mig
ht
att a
ck o
r ha
rm y
ou?
Yes
/No
Did
you
avo
id a
ny c
lass
es b
ecau
se y
ou th
ough
t som
eone
mig
ht a
ttack
or
harm
you
?Y
es/N
o
Did
you
sta
y ho
me
from
sch
ool b
ecau
se y
ou th
ough
t som
eone
mig
ht a
ttack
or
harm
you
at s
choo
l, or
goi
ng to
or
from
sch
ool?
Y
es/N
o
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Dis
cipl
ine,
Saf
ety,
and
Sec
urit
y M
easu
res
Indi
cato
r 18
. Ser
ious
Dis
cipl
inar
y A
ctio
ns T
aken
by
Publ
ic S
choo
ls
Sc
hool
Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
1D
urin
g th
e 20
03–2
004
scho
ol y
ear,
how
man
y st
uden
ts w
ere
invo
lved
in c
omm
ittin
g th
e fo
llow
ing
offe
nses
, and
how
man
y of
the
follo
win
g di
scip
linar
y ac
tions
wer
e ta
ken
in r
espo
nse?
Use
/pos
sess
ion
of a
fire
arm
/exp
losi
ve d
evic
e U
se/p
osse
ssio
n of
a w
eapo
n ot
her
than
a fi
rear
m D
istr
ibut
ion,
pos
sess
ion,
or
use
of il
lega
l dru
gs D
istr
ibut
ion,
pos
sess
ion,
or
use
of a
lcoh
ol
Phy
sica
l atta
cks
or fi
ghts
Ins
ubor
dina
tion
Tota
l stu
dent
s in
volv
e d in
rec
orde
d of
fens
es (r
egar
dles
s of
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tion)
/Rem
oval
s w
ith n
o co
ntin
uin g
sc
hool
ser
vice
s fo
r at
leas
t the
re
mai
nder
of t
he s
choo
l yea
r/Tr
ansf
ers
to s
peci
aliz
ed s
choo
ls fo
r di
scip
linar
y re
ason
s/O
ut-o
f-sc
hool
su
spen
sion
s la
stin
g 5
days
or
mor
e,
but l
ess
than
the
rem
aind
er o
f the
sc
hool
yea
r/O
ther
dis
cipl
inar
y ac
tion
(e.g
., su
spen
sion
less
than
5
days
, det
entio
n, e
tc.)
Indi
cato
r 19
. Saf
ety
and
Secu
rity
Mea
sure
s Ta
ken
by P
ublic
Sch
ools
Sc
hool
Sur
vey
on C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
1D
urin
g th
e 20
03–2
004
scho
ol y
ear,
was
it a
pra
ctic
e of
you
r sc
hool
to d
o th
e fo
llow
ing?
R
equi
re v
isito
rs to
sig
n or
che
ck in
Con
trol
acc
ess
to s
choo
l bui
ldin
gs d
urin
g sc
hool
hou
rs (e
.g.,
lock
ed o
r m
onito
red
door
s)
Con
trol
acc
ess
to s
choo
l gro
unds
dur
ing
scho
ol h
ours
(e.g
., lo
cked
or
mon
itore
d ga
tes)
Req
uire
stu
dent
s to
pas
s th
roug
h m
etal
det
ecto
rs e
ach
day
Req
uire
vis
itors
to p
ass
thro
ugh
met
al d
etec
tors
P
erfo
rm o
ne o
r m
ore
rand
om m
etal
det
ecto
r ch
ecks
on
stud
ents
U
se o
ne o
r m
ore
rand
om d
og s
niffs
to c
heck
for
drug
s
Per
form
one
or
mor
e ra
ndom
sw
eeps
for
cont
raba
nd (e
.g.,
drug
s or
wea
pons
), bu
t not
in c
ludi
ng d
og s
niffs
R
equi
re c
lear
boo
k ba
gs o
r ba
n bo
ok b
ags
on s
choo
l gro
unds
R
equi
re s
tude
nts
to w
ear
badg
es o
r pi
ctur
e ID
s
Req
uire
facu
lty a
nd s
taff
to w
ear
badg
es o
r pi
ctur
e ID
s
Use
one
or
mor
e se
c uri
ty c
amer
as to
mon
itor
the
scho
ol
Yes
/No
NO
TE: S
ee n
otes
at e
nd o
f fig
ure.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
184 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figu
re A
.2.—
Wor
ding
of s
urve
y qu
esti
ons
used
to
cons
truc
t in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Cha
pter
, Ind
icat
or, a
nd S
urve
yQ
uest
ions
Res
pons
e ca
tego
ries
Indi
cato
r 20
. Stu
dent
s’ R
epor
ts o
f Saf
ety
and
Secu
rity
Mea
sure
s O
bser
ved
at S
choo
l
Sc
hool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent1
Doe
s yo
ur s
choo
l tak
e an
y m
easu
res
to m
ake
sure
stu
dent
s ar
e sa
fe?
For
exam
ple,
doe
s th
e sc
hool
ha
ve:
Sec
urity
gua
rds
or a
ssig
ned
polic
e of
ficer
s? O
ther
sch
ool s
taff
or o
ther
adu
lts s
uper
visi
ng th
e ha
llway
? M
etal
det
ect o
rs?
Loc
ked
entr
ance
or
exit
door
s du
ring
the
day?
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat v
isito
rs s
ign
in?
Loc
ker
chec
ks?
A r
equi
rem
ent t
hat s
tude
nts
wea
r ba
dges
or
pict
ure
iden
tific
atio
n? O
ne o
r m
ore
s ecu
rity
cam
eras
to m
onito
r th
e sc
hool
? A
cod
e of
stu
dent
con
duct
, tha
t is,
a s
et o
f wri
tten
rule
s or
gui
delin
es th
at th
e sc
hool
pro
vide
s yo
u?
Yes
/No/
Don
’t kn
ow
1 R
eade
rs s
houl
d no
te th
at th
is ta
ble
refle
cts
the
mos
t rec
ent v
ersi
on o
f the
NC
VS
(200
4), S
SOC
S (2
004)
, SA
SS (2
004)
, and
SC
S (2
005)
inst
rum
ents
. Sur
vey
item
s sh
own
here
may
hav
e
chan
ged
from
pas
t NC
VS,
SSO
CS,
and
SC
S co
llect
ions
. Ple
ase
see
Indi
cato
rs o
f Sch
ool C
rim
e an
d Sa
fety
: 200
5fo
r pr
evio
usly
pub
lishe
d su
rvey
que
stio
ns.
2 Es
timat
es o
f tea
cher
vic
timiz
atio
ns in
clud
e cr
imes
occ
urri
ng to
teac
hers
at s
choo
l (lo
catio
n), o
r at
the
wor
ksite
(loc
atio
n), o
r w
hile
wor
king
(act
ivity
). Fo
r th
efts
, act
ivity
was
not
con
side
red,
si
nce
thef
ts o
f tea
cher
s’ p
rope
rty
kept
at s
choo
l can
occ
ur w
hen
teac
hers
are
not
pre
sent
.
SOU
RC
E: U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of J
ustic
e, B
urea
u of
Just
ice
Stat
istic
s, N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey (N
CV
S), 1
992–
2004
. U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Jus
tice,
Bur
eau
of Ju
stic
e St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool
Cri
me
Supp
lem
ent (
SCS)
to th
e N
atio
nal C
rim
e V
ictim
izat
ion
Surv
ey, v
ario
us y
ears
, 199
5–20
05. U
.S. D
epar
tmen
t of E
duca
tion,
Nat
iona
l Cen
ter
for
Educ
atio
n St
atis
tics,
Sch
ool S
urve
y on
Cri
me
and
Safe
ty (S
SOC
S), 2
004.
U.S
. Dep
artm
ent o
f Edu
catio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r Ed
ucat
ion
Stat
istic
s, S
choo
ls a
nd S
t affi
ng S
urve
y (S
ASS
), “P
ublic
Sch
ool T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,”
1993
–94,
199
9–20
00, a
nd 2
003–
04; “
Priv
ate
Scho
ol T
each
er Q
uest
ionn
aire
,” 1
993–
94, 1
999–
2000
, and
200
3–04
; “C
hart
er S
choo
l Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00; a
nd “
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Affa
irs
Teac
her
Que
stio
nnai
re,”
199
9–20
00 a
nd 2
003–
04. C
ente
rs fo
r D
isea
se C
ontr
ol a
nd P
reve
ntio
n, N
atio
nal C
ente
r fo
r C
hron
ic D
isea
se P
reve
ntio
n an
d H
ealth
Pro
mot
ion,
You
th R
isk
Beh
avio
r Su
rvei
llanc
e Sy
stem
(YR
BSS
), va
riou
s ye
a rs,
199
3–20
05.
Figu
re A
.2.
Wor
ding
of
surv
ey q
uest
ions
use
d to
con
stru
ct in
dica
tors
—C
onti
nued
Appendix A: Technical Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Figure A.3.—Methods used to calculate standard errors of statistics for different surveys
Survey Year
National Crime Victimization Survey 1992 to 2004
Year a b c
1992 -0.00013407 4,872 3.858
1993 -0.00007899 2,870 2.273
1994 -0.00006269 2,278 1.804
1995 -0.00006269 2,278 1.804
1996 -0.00006863 2,494 1.975
1997 0.00016972 2,945 2.010
1998 0.00001297 2,656 3.390
1999 -0.00026646 2,579 2.826
2000 -0.00011860 2,829 2.868
2001 -0.00011330 2,803 2.905
2002 -0.00028000 2,852 2.701
2003 -0.00029301 3,059 2.872
2004 -0.00067069 2,932 1.758
School Crime Supplement 1995, 1999, 2001, 2003, and 2005
Method of calculation
Standard errors of crime level data and aggregated crime rates per 1,000 persons were calculated using three generalized variance function (gvf) constant parameters (denoted as a, b,and c ) and formulas published in the Methodology Section of Criminal Victimization in the United States—Statistical Tables (NCJ184938) on the Bureau of Justice Statistics website:http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/cvusst.htm .
The formula used to calculate standard errors ( q ) of crime level data (x ) is:
Standard errors of percentage and population counts were calculated using the Taylor series approximation method using PSU and strata variables.
where x is the estimated number of crimes of interest, and a, b, and c are gvf constant parameters.
The formula used to calculate standard errors of aggregated crime rates per 1,000 persons ( r ) is:
where r is the aggregate crime rate (i.e., 1000*total crimes/ total population), y is the aggregated base population, and b and c are gvf constant parameters. The three gvf constant parameters associated with the specific years are:
- r) / cr ( (y) 1000r - r) /y br (1000 +
3/2 2 cx bx ax ++
Figure A.3. Methods used to calculate standard errors of statistics for different surveys
186 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Figure A.3.—Methods used to calculate standard errors of statistics for different surveys—Continued
Survey Year
Youth Risk Behavior Survey 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003,and 2005
Schools and Staffing Survey 1993–1994,1999–2000,and 2003–2004
School Survey on Crime and Safety 1999–2000 and2003–2004
Jackknife replication method using replicate weights available from the dataset.
Balanced repeated replication method using replicate weights available from the dataset.
Taylor series approximation method using PSU and strata variables available from the dataset.
Method of calculation
Figure A.3. Methods used to calculate standard errors of statistics for different surveys—Con tin ued
GLOSSARY OF TERMSAppendix
B GENERAL TERMS
Cluster sampling Cluster sampling is a technique in which the sampling of respondents or
subjects occurs within clusters or groups. For example, selecting students by sampling
schools and the students that attend that school.
Crime Any violation of a statute or regulation or any act that the government has deter-
mined is injurious to the public, including felonies and misdemeanors. Such violation
may or may not involve violence, and it may affect individuals or property.
Incident A specifi c criminal act or offense involving one or more victims and one or more
offenders.
Multistage sampling A survey sampling technique in which there is more than one wave
of sampling. That is, one sample of units is drawn, and then another sample is drawn
within that sample. For example, at the fi rst stage, a number of Census blocks may be
sampled out of all the Census blocks in the United States. At the second stage, house-
holds are sampled within the previously sampled Census blocks.
Prevalence The percentage of the population directly affected by crime in a given period.
This rate is based upon specifi c information elicited directly from the respondent re-
garding crimes committed against his or her person, against his or her property, or
against an individual bearing a unique relationship to him or her. It is not based upon
perceptions and beliefs about, or reactions to, criminal acts.
School An education institution consisting of one or more of grades K through 12.
School crime Any criminal activity that is committed on school property.
School year The 12-month period of time denoting the beginning and ending dates for
school accounting purposes, usually from July 1 through June 30.
Stratifi cation A survey sampling technique in which the target population is divided into
mutually exclusive groups or strata based on some variable or variables (e.g., metro-
politan area) and sampling of units occurs separately within each stratum.
Unequal probabilities A survey sampling technique in which sampled units do not have
the same probability of selection into the sample. For example, the investigator may
oversample minority students in order to increase the sample sizes of minority students.
Minority students would then be more likely than other students to be sampled.
SPECIFIC TERMS USED IN VARIOUS SURVEYS
School-Associated Violent Deaths Surveillance Study
Homicide An act involving a killing of one person by another resulting from interpersonal
violence.
Appendix B: Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
188 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
School-associated violent death A homicide or suicide in which the fatal injury occurred on
the campus of a functioning elementary or secondary school in the United States, while
the victim was on the way to or from regular sessions at such a school, or while the
victim was attending or traveling to or from an offi cial school-sponsored event. Victims
included nonstudents as well as students and staff members.
Suicide An act of taking one’s own life voluntarily and intentionally.
National Crime Victimization Survey
Aggravated assault Attack or attempted attack with a weapon, regardless of whether or not
an injury occurs, and attack without a weapon when serious injury results.
At school (students) Inside the school building, on school property (school parking area,
play area, school bus, etc.), or on the way to or from school.
Rape Forced sexual intercourse including both psychological coercion as well as physi-
cal force. Forced sexual intercourse means vaginal, anal, or oral penetration by the
offender(s). Includes attempts and verbal threats of rape. This category also includes
incidents where the penetration is from a foreign object, such as a bottle.
Robbery Completed or attempted theft, directly from a person, of property or cash by force
or threat of force, with or without a weapon, and with or without injury.
Rural A place not located inside the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). This category in-
cludes a variety of localities, ranging from sparsely populated rural areas to cities with
populations of less than 50,000.
Serious violent crime Rape, sexual assault, robbery, or aggravated assault.
Sexual assault A wide range of victimizations, separate from rape or attempted rape. These
crimes include attacks or attempted attacks generally involving unwanted sexual con-
tact between the victim and offender. Sexual assault may or may not involve force and
includes such things as grabbing or fondling. Sexual assault also includes verbal threats.
Simple assault Attack without a weapon resulting either in no injury, minor injury, or an un-
determined injury requiring less than 2 days of hospitalization. Also includes attempted
assault without a weapon.
Suburban A county or counties containing a central city, plus any contiguous counties that
are linked socially and economically to the central city. On the data tables, suburban
areas are categorized as those portions of metropolitan areas situated “outside central
cities.”
Theft Completed or attempted theft of property or cash without personal contact.
Urban The largest city (or grouping of cities) in an MSA.
Victimization A crime as it affects one individual person or household. For personal crimes,
the number of victimizations is equal to the number of victims involved. The number
of victimizations may be greater than the number of incidents because more than one
person may be victimized during an incident.
Appendix B: Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Victimization rate A measure of the occurrence of victimizations among a specifi c popula-
tion group.
Violent crime Rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, or simple assault.
School Crime Supplement
At school In the school building, on school property, on a school bus, or going to or from
school.
Gang Street gangs, fi ghting gangs, crews, or something else. Gangs may use common
names, signs, symbols, or colors. All gangs, whether or not they are involved in violent
or illegal activity, are included.
Serious violent crime Rape, sexual assault, robbery, or aggravated assault.
Total victimization Combination of violent victimization and theft. If a student reported an
incident of either type, he or she is counted as having experienced any victimization. If
the student reported having experienced both, he or she is counted once under “total
victimization.”
Violent crime Rape, sexual assault, robbery, aggravated assault, or simple assault.
Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Illegal drugs Examples of illegal drugs were marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, steroids, or pre-
scription drugs without a doctor’s permission, heroin, and methamphetamines.
On school property On school property is included in the question wording, but was not
defi ned for respondents.
Rural school is located outside a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).
Suburban school is located inside a MSA, but outside the “central city.”
Urban school is located inside a MSA and inside the “central city.”
Weapon Examples of weapons appearing in the questionnaire include guns, knives, and
clubs.
Schools and Staffi ng Survey
Central city A large central city (a central city of a Metropolitan Statistical Area [MSA] with
population greater than or equal to 400,000, or a population density greater than or
equal to 6,000 per square mile) or a midsize central city (a central city of an MSA, but
not designated as a large central city).
Elementary school A school in which the lowest grade is less than or equal to grade 6 and
the highest grade is less than or equal to grade 8.
Elementary school teachers An elementary school teacher is one who, when asked for the
grades taught, checked: (1) only “ungraded” and was designated as an elementary
teacher on the list of teachers provided by the school; (2) 6th grade or lower or “un-
graded,” and no grade higher than 6th; (3) 6th grade or lower and 7th grade or higher,
190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
and reported a primary assignment of prekindergarten, kindergarten, or general elemen-
tary; (4) 7th and 8th grades only, and reported a primary assignment of prekindergarten,
kindergarten, or general elementary; (5) 6th grade or lower and 7th grade or higher,
and reported a primary assignment of special education and was designated as an ele-
mentary teacher on the list of teachers provided by the school; or (6) 7th and 8th grades
only, and reported a primary assignment of special education and was designated as an
elementary teacher on the list of teachers provided by the school. A teacher at a school
that has grade 6 or lower or one that is “ungraded” with no grade higher than the 8th.
Rural or small town Rural area (a place with a population of less than 2,500 and defi ned
as rural by the U.S. Census Bureau) or a small town (a place not within an Metropoli-
tan Statistical Area, with a population of less than 25,000, but greater than or equal to
2,500, and defi ned as nonurban by the U.S. Census Bureau).
Secondary school A school in which the lowest grade is greater than or equal to grade 7
and the highest grade is less than or equal to grade 12.
Secondary school teachers A secondary school teacher is one who, when asked for the
grades taught, checked: (1) “ungraded” and was designated as a secondary teacher
on the list of teachers provided by the school; (2) 6th grade or lower and 7th grade or
higher, and reported a primary assignment other than prekindergarten, kindergarten, or
general elementary; (3) 9th grade or higher, or 9th grade or higher and “ungraded”; (4)
7th and 8th grades only, and reported a primary assignment other than prekindergarten,
kindergarten, general elementary, or special education; (5) 7th and 8th grades only, and
reported a primary assignment of special education and was designated as a secondary
teacher on the list of teachers provided by the school; or (6) 6th grade or lower and 7th
grade or higher, or 7th and 8th grades only, and was not categorized above as either
elementary or secondary.
Urban fringe or large town Urban fringe of a large or midsize city (a place within an Met-
ropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) of a midsize central city and defi ned as urban by the
U.S. Census Bureau) or a large town (a place not within an MSA but with a population
greater or equal to 25,000 and defi ned as urban by the U.S. Census Bureau).
School Survey on Crime and Safety
At school/at your school Includes activities that happened in school buildings, on school
grounds, on school buses, and at places that held school-sponsored events or activities.
Unless otherwise specifi ed, respondents were instructed to report on activities that oc-
curred during normal school hours or when school activities/events were in session.
Combined schools Schools that include all combinations of grades, including K–12 schools,
other than primary, middle, and high schools (see defi nitions for these school levels
later in this section).
Cult or extremist group A group that espouses radical beliefs and practices, which may in-
clude a religious component, that are widely seen as threatening the basic values and
cultural norms of society at large.
Appendix B: Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Firearm/explosive device Any weapon that is designed to (or may readily be converted to)
expel a projectile by the action of an explosive. This includes guns, bombs, grenades,
mines, rockets, missiles, pipe bombs, or similar devices designed to explode and ca-
pable of causing bodily harm or property damage.
Gang An ongoing loosely organized association of three or more persons, whether formal or
informal, that has a common name, signs, symbols, or colors, whose members engage,
either individually or collectively, in violent or other forms of illegal behavior.
High school A school in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 9 and the highest
grade is not higher than grade 12.
Insubordination A deliberate and inexcusable defi ance of or refusal to obey a school rule,
authority, or a reasonable order. It includes but is not limited to direct defi ance of
school authority, failure to attend assigned detention or on-campus supervision, failure
to respond to a call slip, and physical or verbal intimidation/abuse.
Intimidation To frighten, compel, or deter by actual or implied threats. It includes bullying
and sexual harassment.
Middle school A school in which the lowest grade is not lower than grade 4 and the highest
grade is not higher than grade 9.
Physical attack or fi ght An actual and intentional touching or striking of another person
against his or her will, or the intentional causing of bodily harm to an individual.
Primary school A school in which the lowest grade is not higher than grade 3 and the high-
est grade is not higher than grade 8.
Rape Forced sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral penetration). Includes penetration
from a foreign object.
Robbery The taking or attempting to take anything of value that is owned by another person
or organization, under confrontational circumstances by force or threat of force or vio-
lence and/or by putting the victim in fear. A key difference between robbery and theft/
larceny is that a threat or battery is involved in robbery.
Serious violent incidents Include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attacks or
fi ghts with a weapon, threats of physical attack with a weapon, and robbery with or
without a weapon.
Sexual battery An incident that includes threatened rape, fondling, indecent liberties, child
molestation, or sodomy. Principals were instructed that classifi cation of these incidents
should take into consideration the age and developmentally appropriate behavior of the
offenders.
Sexual harassment Unsolicited, offensive behavior that inappropriately asserts sexuality over
another person. The behavior may be verbal or nonverbal.
Specialized school A school that is specifi cally for students who were referred for disciplin-
ary reasons. The school may also have students who were referred for other reasons.
The school may be at the same location as the respondent’s school.
192 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . School Crime and Safety: 2006
Theft/larceny Taking things over $10 without personal confrontation. Specifi cally, the
unlawful taking of another person’s property without personal confrontation, threat,
violence, or bodily harm. Included are pocket picking, stealing purse or backpack (if
left unattended or no force was used to take it from owner), theft from a building, theft
from a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts or accessories, theft of bicycles, theft from
vending machines, and all other types of thefts.
Urbanicity As collected by the Common Core of Data and appended to the SSOCS data
fi le, city includes large cities and midsize cities, urban fringe includes urban fringe of
large and mid-sized cities, town includes large and small towns, and rural includes ru-
ral outside a MSA and inside an MSA.
Vandalism The willful damage or destruction of school property, including bombing, arson,
graffi ti, and other acts that cause property damage. Includes damage caused by com-
puter hacking.
Violent incidents Include rape, sexual battery other than rape, physical attacks or fi ghts with
or without a weapon, threats of physical attack with or without a weapon, and robbery
with or without a weapon.
Weapon Any instrument or object used with the intent to threaten, injure, or kill. Includes
look alikes if they are used to threaten others.