indian grid…large footprint · 2019-11-26 · 1 indian grid…large footprint nr wr sr er ner...
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Indian Grid…Large Footprint
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NR
WR
SR
ERNER
Ennore
KudankulamKayamkulam
Partabpur
Talcher/Ib Valley
Vindhyachal
Korba
LEGEND
Coal
Hydro
Lignite
Coastal
Nuclear
VizagSimhadri
Kaiga
Tarapur
Mangalore
Krishnapatnam
RAPP
SIKKIM
MYANMMAR
CHICKEN NECK
Cuddalore
SRI LANKACOLOMBO
NEPALBHUTAN
DESHBANGLA
South Madras
Pipavav
Generation Load-Centre
Kolkata
Bhubaneswar
PatnaLucknow
Delhi
Mumbai
ChennaiBangalore
Bhopal
Guwahati
Jammu
Ludhiana
Jaipur
Gandhinagar
Indore
Raipur
Thiruvananthapuram
Kozhikode
Hyderabad
Coal
Hydro
Wind and Solar
Courtesy: NASA
Indian Power System
• Generating Stations > 900 Nos.
• Generating Units > 2200 Nos.
• > 7000 Sub-stations, • > 3100 transformers • 11 Nos. HVDC Bi-pole/BtB • > 100 nos. 765 kV lines • > 1300 nos. 400 kV lines,
Nepal Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
International Interconnections
• Demand met – 175590 MW on 18th Sep 2018
• Energy met – 3925 MU on 19th Sep 2018
• Hydro Generation – 741 MU on 31st Aug 2018
High growth
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Wind Potential ~ 100 GW (at 80 m hub- height)
Solar Potential ~ 750 GW (4-7 kWh per sq. m per day)
National Offshore Wind Energy Policy & wind
and Solar Hybrid policy
Solar Cities~ 60 Nos. Green Energy Corridors
Renewables CAGR ~ 18 %
Installed Capacity –as on 31 Dec’18 All India 349.28 GW Thermal 223.02 GW Hydro 45.39 GW Nuclear 6.78 GW RE 74.08
Solar Parks – 40 GW
Solar RPO ~ 8 % of total generation by 2022 (Excluding Hydro)
Solar PV Reverse Bidding ~ Rs. 2.44/kWh
Wind Atlas
Wind Reverse Bidding ~ Rs. 2.43/kWh
175 GW by 2022
Wind CAGR ~ 13 % (2014-17)
Solar CAGR ~ 67 % (2014-17)
Renewables on the Rise…MW to GW
Impact of Weather on Power System • Peak Summer Period (April-June)
– High Temperature – Increase in Demand due to Weather beating Loads – Dust-storms - Load crash, High voltage – Agricultural Demand due to ‘Kharif crop’
• Monsoon Period (July-Sept) – Widespread rains- sudden load crash & high voltage – Sudden hydro generation outage - due to high silt content
• Winter Period (Dec-Feb) – Agricultural Demand due to ‘Ravi Crop’ – Fog/smog – Demand due to use of Heating equipments
• Cyclones – Power outages, damage to transmission & distribution network
• Solar Eclipse – Impact on Solar Generation
Impact of Different Weather phenomena on Power system
Minimizing Impact on Power System
• Prior knowledge of Weather Conditions – Demand estimation – Generation Optimization – Maintenance scheduling of generating units and transmission
lines – Issuance of Advisory in case of warning
• Power Generation Increase/Decrease • Assessment of Impact on Power Transmission lines • Simulation Studies
– Better Plan for early restoration
Meteogram • Inputs to Meteogram
– Automatic Weather Stations,Satellite data ,Radar, Land station ..etc • Meteogram provides Plots for Meteorological Variables
– Rainfall, – Cloud Cover, – Temperature , – Humidity & – Wind Speed & direction..etc
• It is 3 hourly forecast for 10 days. • Each Meteogram Provides information for 10 kM radius • Updated at 00:00 Hrs UTC and 12:00 Hrs UTC
Meteogram : Three Hourly Forecast for 10 Days
Rains
Thunderstorm Indices
Clouds
Wind Speed & direction
Available for 450 Locations in the Country
Relative Humidity
Sea Level Pressure
Temperature
Relative Humidity
at 2 Meter
RADAR • The Doppler Weather Radar generates
different displays and derived products of practical utility based on standard algorithms.
• These displays are updated @ every 10 minutes
Reflectivity (dBZ) • The colors on the legend are the different echo intensities
(reflectivity) measured in dBZ. • "Reflectivity" is the amount of transmitted power returned to the
radar receiver. • Typically, light rain is occurring when the dBZ value reaches 20, 35-
40 Moderate , 40-50 Moderate to Heavy 50-55 Heavy rain • Hail is a good reflector of energy and will return very high dBZ
values – Greater than 55
Products from Doppler Weather Radars
Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
Rain/Thunderstorm
Thunderstorms: • A likely phenomena during summers •Leads to Load Crash • Excursion in Voltage and Frequency
50 km Boundary
100 km Boundary
Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
Rajasthan Haryana
Uttar Pradesh
•Near Real time Radar image helped in Timely Reduction of Generation in State Control area/ISGS Generation, RRAS (Reserves Regulation Ancillary Services) Regulation leading to better Load Generation balance in the Grid
49.90
50.05
Cyclone Gaja Cyclonic Gaja made landfall in
Nagapattinam district of Tamil Nadu around 1:40 am on 16th November 2018
All the Control Centres referred the reports
generated by IMD and closely monitored the RADAR/Satellite Pictures available on the Weather Portal
Gaga Cyclone:- Precautions Taken • System parameters of following Substations were closely monitored i) 400kV Sriperumbudur S/s ii) 400kV Nagapattinam S/s iii) 400kV SV Chattram S/s iv) 400kV ILFS S/s, v) 400kV Kalivendapattu S/s, vi) 400kV Trichy S/s, vii) 400kV Neyveli S/s viii) 400kV Pondicherry S/s • Reactors were made available to control voltages • All the outages were deferred in East Chennai, Nagapattinam area, Neyveli area
and Pondichery area • Followings units were hand tripped in anticipation of reduction in demand: • 1. NCTPS -210 MW • 2. NCTPS Stage-2 – 600 MW • 3. STCMS (IPP) – 250MW
Close monitoring of cyclone helped in controlling the System parameters and restoration of
power supply in the affected area.
• Meteogram, wind and rain forecast for 27/28/29-05-2017 helped in better load assessment of UP control area by U.P. State Load Despatch Centre.
• As anticipated, UP demand went down from 19000 MW to 17000 MW due to change in weather conditions.
• Accordingly, STOA & purchase from Power Exchange of the order of 2000 MW was reduced. i.e Backing down of approximately 13 MU of costly thermal generation .
0,00
50,00
24/5/2017 25/5/201726/5/2017
27/5/201728/5/2017
29/5/201730/5/2017
21,15 23,98 24,15 18,44
9,92 10,18
9,52
Total Power Exchange & Bilateral
Demand Management Using Meteogram, Wind and Rain Forecast
Load Crash of around 450 MW
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
00:0
0 - 0
0:15
01:1
5 - 0
1:30
02:3
0 - 0
2:45
03:4
5 - 0
4:00
05:0
0 - 0
5:15
06:1
5 - 0
6:30
07:3
0 - 0
7:45
08:4
5 - 0
9:00
10:0
0 - 1
0:15
11:1
5 - 1
1:30
12:3
0 - 1
2:45
13:4
5 - 1
4:00
15:0
0 - 1
5:15
16:1
5 - 1
6:30
17:3
0 - 1
7:45
18:4
5 - 1
9:00
20:0
0 - 2
0:15
21:1
5 - 2
1:30
22:3
0 - 2
2:45
23:4
5 - 2
4:00
Timely MW Reduction by BSES
MW ReductionPrior Schedule
Benefit achieved by BSES
S.no. Date Savings (Mus)
1 10/05/2017 0.24
2 31/05/2017 0.48
3 20/06/2017 1.49
4 30/08/2017 1.43
5 31/08/2017 1.26
6 22/09/2017 2.19
7 23/09/2017 1.87
Total 8.96
Savings by BSES
Road Ahead • RADAR/Satellite image may be layered with Topographical
Maps, Transmission lines, Highways, State boundaries, Cities and Weather Warnings
• Rainfall estimate in catchment area of hydro plants for inflow forecasting /silt forecasting