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Rs. 10.00

NOVEMBER 2009

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An International Journal of Ideas

India and Copenhagen Summit

Future of Iraq

Women Empowerment

Water & Rural Development inUttrakhand

Bangladeshis in India-

~...~ Gendered Family

1j

An International Journalof Ideas

Vol.23 No.273 NOVEMBER Rs.I0.00

Editor

BABUDDIN KHAN

THIRD CONCEPT aims at providing a platformwhere a meaningfulexchange of ideas can take placeamong the people of the Third World. The attemptwill be to communicate, debate and disseminateinformation, ideas and alternatives for the resolutionof the common problems facing humankind. Wewelcome contributions from academics, journalistsand even from those who may never have publishedanything before. The only requirement is a concernfor and desire to understand and take the issue ofour time. Contributionsmaybe descriptive,analyticalor theoretical. They may be in the form of originalarticles, reactions to previous contributions, or evena commenton aprevailingsituation.All contributions,neatly typed in double space, may be addressed to:

oj!

THIRD CONCEPT

LB-14,' Prakasb Deep Building,

. 7, Tolstoy Marg, New Delhi-110 001.Phones: 23711092, 23712249

" , Fax No: 23711092. -'I E-mail: third.concept@rediffmail.com

. Website:. www.thirdconceptjournal.com

While the EdiJ:or accep~: resp"w!Sipil.ityfor. th.~,selection of materials to be published, individualauthors are responsible for the facts, figures, andviews in their articles. However, the Editor reservesthe right to edit the articles for reasons of space andclarity.

lDesignedby: Pt Tejpal

INSIDE

Editorial

India and Nuclear TestsB.K.

India and Copenhagen Summit

Dr. Arvind Kumar

Future of Iraq

Madan Lal Sharma

Women Empowennent in IndianCorporate Sector

Dr. K. Ravichandran & K. Anish

Gendered Family:A Sociological Analysis

Rashmi Kumari Sinha

Water & Rmal Development in Uttrakhand:A Case- study of Manila Hill Station

Kailash Chandra & Anurag Srivastava

Intrinsic Dilemmas ofNeo-Liberal

Development Paradigm

Dr. Sheel Bhadra Kumar

Religion and Communal Disharmony

Dr. Agya Ram Sakya

Agricultmal Regulated Markets in India

Dasharath Mehtry

Tube-wellIrrigation-A Boonfor CroppingPattern 47

N T.Somashekaraiah & Dr. S. M Kumar,

EnhancingSafetyConsciousnessinHazardousIndustries

. N Rajathilagam &Dr.P. Sundara PanditlnI

GlobalMigrationandBangladeshisin India 55

Moinuddin H Yakapur & Dr.A. G Khan

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Editorial

India and Nuclear Tests

.1!

As the next NPT Review is approaching near, the pressure is being built on those c"untrip.:)like Indiaand others which have not signed the NPT to sign the treaty. On the other hand, some members ofthe scientific community in India have called for conducting further nuclear tests. To some extent, it

reflects a view shared by well-placed Indian nuclear researchers, military experts and foreign officials whooppose ratification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.K. Santhanam, who took part in India'slast nuclear blasts in May 1998, said that the.yield of the only thermonuclear device tested did not meetexpectations. He has called upon the Government oflndia to try again and not to sign a global prohibitionagainst nuclear test explosions.

According to Bharat Karnad, a former Indian National Security Advisory Board and Prof at New Delhi-based think tank, "Santhanam fmally realized the enormity of consequences of India's never testing again. Ithas to do with the perception that [Indian Prime Minister] Manrnohan Singh is predisposed to offer noresistance to [U.S. President Barack] Obama's nonproliferation policy push and may sign the CTBT. Andthat the government has to be stopped from doing this. It is, in fact, about keeping our testing option open.The issue, according to Kamard, is not whether India will test, but when.

Viewed in a broad spectrum, a new Indian nuclear test would spur Washington to cancel a civilian nuclearcooperation agreement reached with India recently. New Delhi had agreed in 2008 to allow internationalmonitoring of its civilian nuclear facilities in exchange for access to U.S. nuclear materials and technology.According to Former Indian Foreign Secretary Kanwal Sibal, "The cost is intolerable ifIndia tests. Wewillsuffer international isolation. It will be a huge setback to our bid for permanent membership of the UnitedNations Security Council."

Daryl Kimball, head of Arms Control Association was reported in Washington Post recently as having said,"Santhanam and other Indian Dr. Strangeloves see this as a way to block progress toward disarmament andpossibly get more nuclear testing going before it is too late. Indian testing would likely trigger additionalPakistani testing ... and could even provoke a resumption of Chinese testing."

However, this .time does not seem ripe to talk about conducting a nuclear test by India. The future oftheIndo-US civil nuclear deal is still hanging in the balance because the technical wherewithal for setting upnuclear reactors is still pending and the attitude of the Obama administration is still unclear. So any move ofnuclear testing can prompt India baiters in US Congress to imposestringent sanctions, apart.from suspensionof the nuclear deal. International nuclear experts are divided over the issue ofIndia conducting nuclear tests.Rodney Jones, a former U.S. arms control official told the Indo-Asian News Service that India's policy onfuture nuclear-weapon tests could help determine whether the country becomes a permanent, veto-wieldingmember ofthe U.N. Security Council..

A decision to ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty could improve India's chances of gaininga p.ermanentseat on the body. Before the treaty can enter into force, it must be ratified by 44 "Annex 2"nations. Nine holdouts remain within that group- China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel,North Korea,Pakistan and the United States. According to Jones, "If China ratifies the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty;the spotlight wiIIfall on Pakistan and India." At this junCture, India is passing through a critical juncture andit 'has to deal with pressing domestic and regional problems while keeping the momentum of its economicgroWth.This requires peace and stability. Diverting attention to nU,cleartesting is not an advisable way out.

India shouId insiston th~JJnite9~~te~ to expedi~,,th~supply of nuclear reactors ;andother essential technicalsupport so that we can produce power required for'different sectors of economy. Besides, we should notpermit any allowance for India-baitersto put the nuclear deal injeopardy. While not buckling under any kindof pressure, we should continue to strengthen our strategic stakes and improvequalitatively our missiles. Atthe same time, we should keep ouro1>tionsopen with regard to CTBT and watch the nuclear behavior ofWashington and other NPT non-signatories. -BK

THIRD CONCEPT, NOVEMBER 2009 5