Index

aAachen 285. See also Stawag

feed-in tariffs 118, 284Aachen, University of

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Abu Dhabi National Oil Company

246, 247. See also ADMA-OPCOACORE. See American Council on

Renewable EnergyADMA-OPCO 246, 247Advanced Micro Devices 83Advanced Photovoltaic Systems

(APS) 91BP Solar 208Chronar 209

Advanced Technology Program. SeeNIST-ATP

AEG SolartechnikASE 205Fraunhofer ISE 251Hoffmann, Winfried 162Mertig, Dieter 201profile & people 200Schmidt, Eckehard 201top-5 producer 268UNSW-SPREE 258

AEG-Telefunken. See AEGSolartechnik

aeroplanes, solar-powered232

aerospace companiesin the PV sector 110

AffirmaIsofotón 215

Agenda 21 116Agip 219

Pragma 108agro-photovoltaics

Fraunhofer ISE 155air mass 11

definition 339in test standards 273

Alba CorporationIsofotón 215

albedo effect 53, 67Alicudi Island project 211Allen, Jonathan

Kiss, Zoltan 165Allison, Dr. John 197Alpha Real 234

net metering 40Real, Markus 177solar car race 44

Alsthomde Franclieu, Robert 151Remy, Claude 178

Altener Programme 260Alvesalo, Dr. Tapio 35, 106, 197

Fabre, Emmanuel 152interview 308

The Solar Generation: Childhood and Adolescence of Terrestrial Photovoltaics, First Edition. Philip R. Wolfe. 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. Published 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

369

COPYRIG

HTED M

ATERIAL

Alvesalo, Dr. Tapio (Continued)Neste 108, 239profile & career 140

American Council on RenewableEnergy (ACORE) 183

American Solar Energy SocietyBöer, Karl 147

Amoco 91, 268acquisition of 230Lindmayer, Joseph 168Solarex 106, 108, 229

Amoco/Enron Solar 229amorphous silicon (α-Si) 59, 62, 91,

165, 292applications 36, 37, 126cell efficiency record 272companies 60, 165, 166, 179, 201,

203, 204, 208, 211, 216, 220–222,224, 229, 230, 234, 238, 240

definition 339discovery 59, 249hybrids 60, 63, 158, 203, 204low light performance 60, 166market penetration 134, 136multi-junction 60, 63patent 91, 208, 220, 315researchers 141, 142, 146, 149, 150,

158, 162, 165, 166, 173, 175, 184,185, 248, 249, 258

solar cell structure 59stability 59thin film 345

Anderson, JerryArco Solar 203

Anderson, RobertAtlantic Richfield 202

Angewandte Solarenergie. See ASEAnnan, Robert (Bud) 197

US Department of Energy 265World Bank 266

Ansaldo 268EPIA 261Eurosolare 220

Antec Solar 58, 268Bonnet, Dieter 148

anti-reflective coatings 52Apollo 11 231Apollon Solar

de Franclieu, Robert 152Applied Materials 268

Eberspacher, Chris 196Gay, Charlie 154HCT Shaping Systems 237Hoffmann, Winfried 162

Applied Solar EnergyCorporation 267

Berman, Elliot 145block-buys 276

Applied Solar Energy GmbH. See ASEApril Fool’s Day 295Archer, Dr. Mary 196

books 318Arco Solar 15, 47, 51, 57

Aschenbrenner, Peter 141Atlantic Richfield 108Berman, Elliot 145Blieden, Dick 145, 196block-buys 276Carrisa Plain project 20, 41, 42, 109,

148, 203, 211cell efficiency record 272distributors 85Dyer, Tom 196ECD 203, 211exhibitions 292Harper, Brian 159Jester, Terry 162Kaufman, Bob 196, 268leading producer 203Lugo project 41, 148McKenzie, Peter 196Muhn, Rob 196, 206Nagib, Salama 206overseas offices 141patent 91potential management buy-out 113

370 Index

profile & people 201PV Electric 44SEIA 265Showa-Shell 111, 224Siemens 111, 204, 225solar fridge 35solar modules 44, 65, 67Solar Technology International

194, 202SolarWorld 196, 202, 204Spiers, David 240successor website 329thin films 60, 63top producer 268Yerkes, Bill 194

Arnault, Ron 148, 195, 196, 203array structures 19, 71

adjustable tilt 71Asahi Glass 110Asbach, Frank 106, 196Aschenbrenner, Peter 16, 109

Arco Solar 204AstroPower 206Hubert Aulich 142interview 308profile & career 141PV Electric 142Siemens 204, 225Stanford University 257SunPower 233

ASE (Angewandte Solarenergie) 111DASA 201Gay, Charlie 154Hoffmann, Winfried 162Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohn

(MBB) 267Nukem 216Phototronics Solartechnik (PST)

234profile & people 205top-5 producer 268

ASE America 205

ASES. See American Solar EnergySociety

Asia/Pacific PVSEC Conference. SeeConferences, Asia-Pacific

award 301Asia Sustainable and Alternative

Energy Program (ASTAE)World Bank 266

Asociación de la Industria Fotovoltaica(ASIF) 113

Assosolare 113Simoni, Giovanni 182

AstroPower Corporation 50Aschenbrenner, Peter 142Barnett, Allen 143profile & people 206silicon film 55on stock market 112top-5 producer 268

Astrosystems IncAstroPower 206

AtersaAstroPower 206

Atlantic Richfield. See also Arco SolarArco Solar 108, 113

atomic energy. See nuclear energyATS 56, 268

de Franclieu, Robert 152Photowatt 219Remy, Claude 178Woerner, Klaus 219

AT&T 247auction 292

Cannes 1980 88Aulich, Dr. Hubert

Aschenbrenner, Peter 142interview 308profile & career 142PV Electric 142PV Silicon 235Siemens 225

Aurora Solar Car 44

Index 371

Austriasolar policies 127

automated production 202, 229Automatic Power 28Autovent

solar ventilator for cars 37availability of energy 26azimuth angle 11Azur satellite 201

bBaccini, Prof. Peter

Real, Markus 177Backus, Dr. Charles

awards 290, 300Bacon, Nancy

ECD 265Bailey, Dr. Sheila

conferences 297NASA 196

balance-of-systemcost 98definition 339

Balance-of-Systems Specialists 44, 73bandgap 14, 56–58, 60Barnett, Allen 106

AstroPower 206awards 143, 291, 300, 302conferences 290Delaware University 248interview 307profile & career 143SEIA 265

Barthez, RolandTotal Energie 233

Battelle InstituteBonnet, Dieter 148

batteries 72cost 98lead-acid 21life 22nickel-metal-hydride 173, 211sealed 21, 72

storage 21battery chargers

solar-powered 38battery monitoring 73BayWa-r.e.

Simoni, Giovanni 182Becquerel, Antoine César 9Becquerel, Edmond 9Becquerel family 3, 9Becquerel Prize

profile & winners 300Bell Laboratories 3, 11, 15, 267

Goetzberger, Adolf 155NREL 254Raisbeck, Gordon 29

Benemann, Joachim 197awards 294, 301books 236EPIA 261Flachglas Solartechnik 235interview 307, 315profile & career 143

Bergé GroupIsofotón 215

Berkeley, University of Californiaat 61

Berlin railway station 66, 302solar roof 39

Berman, Dr. Elliot 4Arco Solar 202interview 308, 318profile & career 144Solar Power Corporation 106, 226

Bern Universitysolar car race 44

Bevan, Godfreyinterview 308UK Department of Energy 286

Beyond Petroleum 108, 208Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited

(BHEL) 267bifacial modules

Isofotón 214

372 Index

bifacial solar cell 53, 66, 67, 169, 214,253

biomass energy 27Bishop, Dr. James

JRC Ispra 252Bjørseth, Dr. Alf 196Blaesser, Dr. Gerd

JRC Ispra 252Blakers, Dr. Andrew

UNSW-SPREE 258Blättler, Theo 284Blieden, Richard (Dick) 196

Berman, Elliot 145Block-buys, JPL 119, 133, 276, 278,

367blocking diode 65block purchases 117Bloss, Prof. Werner 58, 197

awards 146, 294, 300, 302conferences 292Hoffmann, Winfried 161Nukem 216profile & career 145Stuttgart University (IPE) 257

Blue Mountain EnergyFiror, Kay 109

BMC Solartechnik 268EPIA 261

BMFT 124, 334AEG-Telefunken 201MITI Japan 2641000 roofs 285Stuttgart University 257

boatssolar power for 44, 67, 70, 81

Boeing Company 110, 194, 267Spectrolab 231Yerkes, Bill 195

Böer Medal 147, 248profile & winners 302

Böer, Prof. Karl 58, 198awards 147books 147, 318, 328

conferences 289Delaware University 247interview 308, 318profile & career 146Shell 223

Bonda, John 197awards 294, 301Bonda Prize 302EPIA 114, 171, 261profile & career 147Shell-Eskom 41

Bonda Prize 66, 302inaugurated 147profile & winners 302

Bonnet, Dr. Dieter 58, 197awards 148, 301conferences 289profile & career 148

Boomer 240Booth, Roger

Shell International 224Borschberg, André

solar-powered plane 45Bos, Herman

Shell-Eskom 41Boston College

Willis, Bob 192Boston University

Berman, Elliot 144Botswana

solar policies 127Bouverat, Philip 238BP Solar 57, 91, 92, 111

Advanced PhotovoltaicSystems 209

British Petroleum 108Bruton, Tim 196EPIA 261Evans, Dick 196IES-UPM 253leading producer 208liquidation 113profile & people 207

Index 373

BP Solar (Continued )Saturn modules 70, 208, 258Shah, Dipesh 180Shimp, Harry 208top producer 268UNSW-SPREE 258Wohlgemuth, John 196Wolfe, Philip 192

Brandhorst, Dr. Henry 58, 254awards 290, 300conferences 290NASA 196

Brannigan, StuartEPIA 261

Brazilsolar policies 127

British Broadcasting Corporation 300British Petroleum 108, 207

Amoco 91BP Solar 108, 113Lucas Industries 111

British Photovoltaic Association(PV-UK) 113

Hill, Bob 161McNelis, Bernard 171Wolfe, Philip 193

Brookhaven National LaboratoryNREL 255US DOE 266

Browne, Johnbooks 316BP 230

Brown & Root 247Brullet, Miguel (architect) 39Brusseau, William (Bill) 196

Solar Power Corporation 227Bruton, Dr. Timothy (Tim) 196

BP Solar 208’MUSIC FM’ report 316

BSW-Solar 113Cramer, Günther 150Hoffmann, Winfried 162

Bube, Prof. Richard

books 314Stanford University 257

Budapest, Technical University ofLindmayer, Joseph 168

Bundesministerium für Forschung undTechnologie. See BMFT

Bundestagsolar roof 39

Burgdorf, Switzerlandfeed-in tariffs 284, 285

Burke, Lt Col AllanPrince, Morton 175

Bush, President George (Sr) 120administration 255

Business Council for SustainableEnergy

Sklar, Scott 183Butt, Sheldon

SEIA 264bypass diode 65, 75

cCable & Wireless 247Cabraal, Dr. Anil

awards 267, 302books 267World Bank 266

cadmium 91toxicity 58

cadmium-sulphide (CdS) 58, 59, 292companies 58, 216, 223, 233researchers 146, 148, 161, 173, 248window layer 62

cadmium-sulphide/copper-sulphide(Cusub2/subS/CdS). Seecadmium-sulphide (CdS)

cadmium-telluride (CdTe) 58cell efficiency record 272companies 58, 148, 208, 230, 233researchers 148, 195, 240, 248,

257solar cell 58thin film 345

374 Index

Cadonau, Gallussolar car races 44

calculatorssolar-powered 36

Caldwell, James (Jim) 91, 107, 197Arco Solar 204interview 308, 315profile & career 148

California Institute of Technology(CalTech)

Jet Propulsion Laboratory 252Camarillo manufacturing 202Cambridge University 247

Wolfe, Philip 192Cameron, Dr. Murray

EPIA 171, 261interview 308

Canadasolar policies 127

Canadian Coast Guard 28, 246Canadian Solar

de Franclieu, Robert 152Qu, Dr. Shawn 152

Canadian Solar Industry Association(CanSIA) 113

Canal, BernardPhotowatt 196, 219

Canon 91ECD 212

Capps, Clive 171Solar Power Corporation 227

caravanssolar power for 36, 64, 81

carbon emissions 5, 27Carlson, Dr. David (Dave)

acknowledgement 11awards 290, 300, 302BP Solar 208interview 308, 315Lindmayer, Joseph 106patent 315profile & career 149RCA 59, 60, 220

Carrisa Plain project. See Arco Solarcars, solar-powered 43Carter, President James (Jimmy) 119

administration 255awards 302Goldsmith, Dr. John 156Kazmerski, Lawrence 164Solar Energy Research Institute 176solar on White House 265US DOE 265

Caruso, Paul 196Solar Power Corporation 227

cathodic protection 22, 30CEC 259. See also European

CommissionCEC DG-DEVCO. See CEC DG-VIIICEC DG-ENER. See CEC DG-XVIICEC DG-RTD. See CEC DG-XIICEC DG-VIII

European Commission 123, 260CEC DG-XII 122, 123, 260, 278

European Commission 122, 260CEC DG-XVII 123

European Commission 123, 260cell efficiency records 272

amorphous silicon 221mono-crystalline silicon 221

cell testersSpire 243

Centralab 110Central Electronics Limited (CEL) 267Centre for Alternative Technology

IT Power 239Centre National de la Recherche

Scientifique 87Centre Regional d’Energie Solaire

(CRES) 123Chambers, Robert (Bob) 196, 202Chaperon, Arnaud

Total Energie 234Chapin, Daryl

Bell Laboratories 11, 196cost estimate 99

Index 375

Chapman, HarlanArco Solar 202

Chehab, OussamaBMC Solartechnik 268

Chernobyl disaster 162Cherry Hill Conference 58, 119, 147,

275, 314, 367Cherry, William 11, 196, 197

Paul Rappaport 176RCA 220William Cherry Award 299

Chevron Corporation 108Delaware University 248

Chinasolar policies 127

Chloride 72, 170chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) 116Christensen, Clayton 340Chronar Corporation 60, 111

Intersolar Group 238Kiss, Dr. Zoltan 165NAPS 240Photowatt 219profile & people 208Remy, Claude 178solar clocks 36

Chronar France 209Alvesalo, Tapio 141de Franclieu, Robert 151Fabre, Emmanuel 152Hamon, Pierre 196NAPS 240Photowatt 151, 219

CIGS. See copper-indium-diselenideCILSS

definition 334Regional Solar Programme 260

Cinderella option 77Clark, James (Jim)

Stanford University 257climate change 5, 116, 121, 136, 341

definition 339Clinton, President William (Bill) 121

clockssolar-powered 36

CN Rail 28CNRS. See Centre National de la

Recherche ScientifiqueCodron, Leon

Arco Solar 204Siemens 204, 225

Colgate UniversityLittle, Roger 167

Collinda, SBsolar-powered boat 44

Colorado School of MinesKazmerski, Lawrence 164

Colorado, University ofKazmerski, Lawrence 164

Commission of the EuropeanCommunity 259. See also CEC;European Commission

Communication Satellite Corporation(Comsat) 110, 168, 190, 228

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Solarex 228Varadi, Peter 190

Community Energy England 193Compagnie Générale d’Electricité

(CGE)de Franclieu, Robert 151Philips RTC 111Photowatt 218, 219

Comsat. See Communication SatelliteCorporation

concentrated solar power (CSP) 16,144, 235, 236, 334

Flachglas Solartechnik 235concentrator system 20, 49, 68Conferences, American 88, 262

dates & venues 289Conferences, Asia-Pacific 88

dates & venues 295Conferences, European 88, 260

Athens 1983 88, 151auction 292

376 Index

Cannes 1980 88dates & venues 291Ossenbrink, Heinz 172

Conferences, Japanese. SeeConferences, Asia-Pacific

Conferences, World 88dates & venues 296

consultancy 86consumer products

solar-powered 36, 62, 74, 80, 82, 84,92, 204, 221, 222, 229, 238

contact gridinterdigitated rear contact 52laser-grooved 52solar cell 15, 50, 52

containerised systems 72Contract with America 154Coors

Photon Power 233copper-indium-diselenide (CIS) 60

cell efficiency record 272companies 60, 201, 224, 267crystalline 60hybrids 60, 204researchers 164, 258solar cell 58, 60

copper-indium-gallium-diselenide(CIGS). See copper-indium-diselenide

copper-sulphide/cadmium-sulphide(CdS/Cu2S). See cadmium-sulphide (CdS)

COP 3 UNFCCC Conference 116COP 21 UNFCCC Conference 116Cornell University

Alvesalo, Tapio 140Corning Glass 110Corsi, John

Neville Wiliams 191Solarex 196, 229

Cosgrove-Davies, Malcolm (Mac)World Bank 266

cost, solar cell 11, 97

trend 135Coutts, Dr. Timothy (Tim)

awards 300National Renewable Energy

Laboratory 255Northumbria University 175

CP Rail 28Cramer, Dr. Günther 197

profile & career 150SMA 241

Crane, Richard (Dick)SunPower 231Swanson, Dick 186

Cranfield UniversityPearsall, Dr. Nicola 174

Cross, Bruce 196interview 307

Crystalox 54, 85, 86, 268Aulich, Dr. Hubert 142flotation 235profile & people 234PV Silicon 268on stock market 112website 328

Crystal Systems 53, 54, 267CSG Solar 259

Green Martin 158CTF Solar

Antec Solar 148Cugusi, Franco 141Cypress Semiconductor

SunPower Corporation 83, 232–233Cythelia Consultants

Ricaud, Alain 179Czochralski, Jan 14Czochralski process 10, 14, 312

dDaimler Benz

Deutsche Aerospace (DASA) 110Daiwa House

Kuwano, Yukinori 166Dallas-Fort Worth Airport 69

Index 377

Daniels, Prof. FarringtonISES 263

Darkazalli, Dr. GhaziSpire Corporation 243

DASA. See Deutsche AerospaceDavidson, Joel

solar car Sunrunner 44Davis, J. Michael

SEIA 265Day, John III

interview 308Johnson, Bob 163profile & career 150Strategies Unlimited 87

DeBlasio, Richard (Dick)Ossenbrink, Heinz 172

de Franclieu, Robertinterview 307, 318management buy-out 113Photowatt 218, 219profile & career 151Remy, Claude 178

DegussaNukem 216

Delaware University 58, 247Barnett, Allen 143Böer, Karl 146NREL 255solar house 38

demonstration projects 39, 42, 92,117, 134, 260

European 117, 237, 252Denmark

solar policies 127Denver, University of

Kazmerski, Lawrence 164Derrick, Anthony (Tony) 171

interview 308IT Power 238

Deutsche Aerospace (DASA) 110,200, 201, 205, 209, 268

ASE 205Hoffmann, Winfried 162

Nukem 111, 217DGIS

World Bank 128, 266DG-VIII. See CEC Directorate-General

for Development (DG-VIII)DG-XII. See CEC Directorate-General

for Science Research andDevelopment (DG-XII)

DG-XVII. See CEC DG-XVIIDichler, Alan 237diesel generators 100

replaced by solar 27diffuse radiation 12Dinwoodie, Thomas (Tom)

Powerlight 233Shugar, Dan 109

direct radiation 12disruptive technology 115, 198distributed generation 41

definition 340Dizio, Steve

Johnson, Bob 163SES Inc 223

Dominguez, RamonSolarex 228

dopingP-N junctions 50, 57

Dorrity, Dr. IainCrystalox 235

Drews, Peter 241DSSC. See dye sensitised solar cellDuch, Jürgen

Siemens 225Dulas

solar fridge 35Dundee, University of 59

profile & people 248Spear, Walter 184

Dunlop, Dr. EwanJRC Ispra 252

DuPont 65Durand, Henri

COMES 124

378 Index

Durand, Jean-MichelIT Power 239

Dyer, Tom 196Arco Solar 202, 204Photocomm 268Showa-Shell 204, 224

dye sensitised solar cell 61, 62, 136,157, 194, 222, 272

eEarth Policy Institute 78Earth Summit, Rio de Janeiro 116,

340Eberspacher, Dr. Chris

Gay, Charlie 154EB Nera 30, 247ECD. See Energy Conversion DevicesEC Directorate-General for

Development (DG-VIII) 123Eckhart, Michael

ACORE 183Shell-Eskom 41

École Polytechnique Fédérale deLausanne 62, 249, 272

cell efficiency record 272profile & people 249Ricaud, Alain 179website 329

Ecole Supérieure d’ElectricitéRicaud, Alain 179

EDF. See Électricité de FranceEEG (German Renewable Energy

Sources Act) 125, 286Hans-Josef Fell 153

efficiency 10progress 134, 135, 271records 254, 258, 271solar cell 48, 49, 70solar module 26, 70theoretical maximum 62, 63, 273

EFG. See silicon ribbon, edge-defined,film-fed growth

EIA-PVPS 263

Einars, Dr. WolframASE 205

Einstein, Albert 10Nobel Prize 3, 299

Électricité de France (EDF) 109, 217,219, 268

Photowatt 219Total Energie, Tenesol 234

electricity grid network 115extension 100

electricity sector 115electricity utilities

in the PV sector 109Electric Power Research Institute

SunPower Corporation 231electronic controllers 72electronics companies

in the PV sector 109Elf Aquitaine

Photowatt 218, 219Elkem

Crystalox 235Embratel

Heliodinâmica 187, 213Emery, Dr. Keith

awards 300cell efficiency records 271interview 308, 321NREL 254photograph 254

ENE 54, 112, 113EPIA 261profile & people 210Smekens, Guy 183

ENEASimoni, Giovanni 182

ENEL 109, 268profile & people 210Serre Persano project 41Vigotti, Roberto 191

ENEL Green Power 211Vigotti, Roberto 191website 329

Index 379

Energy Conversion Devices(ECD) 60, 68, 268

Arco Solar 203Bacon, Nancy 265Blieden, Dick 196Canon 91cell efficiency record 272profile & people 211SEIA 265Sohio (BP) 208Stan & Iris Ovshinsky 173on stock market 112

energy mix 9, 115, 223, 260Energy Policy Act 1992, 121Energy Research and Development

AdministrationPrince, Morton 176US DOE 265

energy security 4, 5, 116, 136, 262definition 340

Energy Technology Support Unit 87Engcotek 198Engie. See GDF SuezENI 108, 268

profile of solar subsidiaries 212,215, 219

EniPower 220website 329

EniTechnologie 220Enron

Amoco 229Entech 69, 268

Hesse, Dr. Walter 265Entropy Limited

Solenergy 192E.On 109Eos Electric Power. See SunPower

CorporationEpcot Center 65EPFL. See école Polytechnique Fédérale

de LausanneEPIA. See European Photovoltaic

Industry Association

EPV 86, 91, 268ERDA. See Energy Research

and DevelopmentAdministration

Erlangen, University ofNukem 216

Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz. SeeEEG

EskomShell 41

Eternal SunSpire Corporation 244

ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) 65,335

ETH ZurichReal, Markus 177

ETSU. See Energy Technology SupportUnit

Euclides concentrators 253EU-PVSEC. See Conferences,

EuropeanEurec Agency 90

Northumbria PV ApplicationsGroup 256

profile 260European Bank for Development and

ReconstructionSimoni, Giovanni 182

European Commission 86, 87, 102,122, 146, 147, 151, 174, 178, 188,252, 257, 261, 264, 279, 291, 293,317, 321, 330, 334

EPIA 114Gillett, William (Bill) 87Helm, Peter 160Isofotón 215IT Power 239MUSIC FM 97profile & people 259PV-GAP 130Schmid, Dr. Jürgen 250Varadi, Peter 190WIP 245

380 Index

European Community 113, 115,121, 123, 127, 146,213, 334

European Economic Community.See European Community

European PhotovoltaicIndustry Association (EPIA) 87,113

Alvesalo, Tapio 141Bonda, John 147Bonda Prize 302Fabre, Emmanuel 152founders 261Hoffmann, Winfried 162McNelis, Bernard 171presidents 193profile & people 261PV-GAP 130Secretaries General 171, 261Shah, Dipesh 181Simoni, Giovanni 182Smekens, Guy 183successor website 330Wolfe, Philip 193

European PV ConferencesHelm, Peter 160WIP 246

European Union. See EuropeanCommunity

EurosolarScheer, Hermann 180

Eurosolareprofile 212, 215, 219

Evans, Richard (Dick) 196Exide Batteries 72

Harper, Brian 159Exxon 4, 107, 108, 268

Berman, Elliot 145Darkazalli, Ghazi 243Solar Power Corporation 108, 113,

226Willis, Bob 192

fFabre, Dr. Emmanuel

EPIA 261interview 307NAPS 240Photowatt 218, 219profile & career 152Remy, Claude 178

fabrication plant, wafer 83‘real men have fabs’ 83

Fanning, James (Jim)NAPS 240

Feed-in Law 285feed-in tariff 118

definition 341Germany 284principle 284United Kingdom 193

Fell, Hans-Josefawards 302feed-in tariffs 286profile & career 153

Ferranti 64, 110, 268Ferruzzi Montedison

Simoni, Giovanni 182fill factor 14, 52

definition 341Finch, Graeme

Intersolar Group 237Finland

solar policies 127Finnish National Research Program on

Advanced Energy Systems andTechnologies

Alvesalo, Tapio 141Firor, Kay

Pacific Gas & Electric 109First Solar 58, 80, 268

Bonnet, Dieter 148fiscal incentives 118F-ISE. See Fraunhofer Institute

for Solar Energy Systems

Index 381

Flabeg 113. See also FlachglasSolartechnik

Flachglas Solartechnik 16, 39, 66,85, 110, 144, 156, 223, 235, 236,241

Benemann, Joachim 144management buy-out 113Pilkington 268profile & people 235Shell 223SMA Solar Technology 241Stawag 285

Flagsol. See Flachglas SolartechnikFleck, Olaf

Sunset Energietechnik 268Flood, Dennis

conferences 297fluorescent collector. See luminescent

concentratorforecasts, market

accuracy 135Forest, Dr. Harvey 196, 229

SEIA 265Fortum Corporation

Alvesalo, Tapio 141NAPS 240

fossil energy 26, 27subsidies 132

Foster, Sir Norman (architect) 39Fota Island project 279Fraenkel, Dr. Peter 171

IT Power 238Marine Current Turbines 239

Framework Programme 122France

overseas development 128solar policies 124, 127

France PhotonPhotowatt 218Ricaud, Alain 179

Frankfurt UniversityBonnet, Dieter 148

Fraunhofer Institute 86

Fraunhofer Institute for Applied SolidState Physics

Goetzberger, Adolf 155Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy

Systems (F-ISE) 250Aulich, Hubert 142Goetzberger, Adolf 155profile & people 250solar house 38website 329

Fraunhofer IWES 251Fraunhofer Society 250Freeman, Alan

solar car 44solar-powered boat 44

Freiburg solar house 155Freiesleben, Dr. Werner

conferences 294Wacker Chemie 245

Freling, RobertSELF 242

fridgessolar-powered 34

Fritts, Charles 10Fuji 110, 126

top-5 producer 268Fujita, Masaharu

solar car 44Fuller, Calvin

Bell Laboratories 11, 196future energy scenario

Shell 93

ggadgets

solar-powered 43gallium-arsenide (GaAs) 56, 57, 232

cell efficiency record 272companies 210compounds 194researchers 175, 194, 254,

256, 257solar cells 57

382 Index

garden productssolar-powered 37

GardiniSimoni, Giovanni 182

Gates, Bill 195Gavdos Island project 71, 225,

280Gay, Dr. Charles (Charlie) 47,

108Arco Solar 202, 204ASE America 205Hoffmann, Winfried 162interview 308, 313NREL 255profile & career 153Siemens Solar 225Spectrolab 231Yerkes, Bill 106

GDF SuezTotal Energie 234

General Electric Companyblock-buys 276Goldsmith, John 156RCA 221

General MotorsSunracer car 44

General Telephone Oman 246George Washington University

Sklar, Scott 183Georgia Institute of Technology

NREL 255Geosolar Energy and Environmental

Systems 201germanium 56, 185, 249Germany

feed-in tariffs 118, 284overseas development 128PV R&D expenditure 129solar policies 124sunshine level 286

Gesellschaft für TechnischeZusammen:arbeit (GTZ)128

Ghanasolar policies 127

Gifford, Donald (Don)Canadian Coast Guard 28

Giglio Island project 220, 279Gillett, William (Bill)

Halcrow 87Giramberk, Ygal

Arco Solar 202GIZ. See Gesellschaft für Technische

Zusammen:arbeit (GTZ)glass companies

in the PV sector 110Glasstech Solar 268Glaverbel 110Global Environment Fund (GEF)

World Bank 266global radiation 12GNB. See Gould National BatteriesGochermann Solar 201Goetzberger, Dr. Adolf

awards 155, 291, 294, 300–302books 313, 328conferences 293Fraunhofer ISE 250interview 308, 320Stanford University 257

Goldsmith and Associates 156Goldsmith, Dr. John 119

conferences 156, 290profile & career 156

Gore, Albert (Al) 121Gorin, David

SEIA 264Gould National Batteries (GNB) 72

Harper, Brian 159Grassi, Giuliano 197

European Commission 260Grätzel, Prof. Michael

École Polytechnique Fédérale deLausanne 61, 249

interview 307, 318profile & career 156

Index 383

Greecesolar policies 127

Green Carrot. See PV MarketTransformation Initiative

GreenpeaceLeggett, Jeremy 196Williams, Neville 191

Green, Prof. Martin 51, 78, 106acknowledgement 11awards 158, 300, 302Barnett, Allen 143books 158, 314, 318BP Solar 208cell efficiency records 271conferences 295interview 307, 318profile & career 157UNSW-SPREE 258

Greenstar Foundation 154grid parity 11, 100–102, 341

definition 341Groelinger, James 165Grosjean, Rene

ENE 210Grundfos

solar pumps 34GTE Lenkurt 30, 247GTM Research

PV Energy Systems 241Guimarães, Prof. Leopoldo

conferences 294

hHäberlin, Prof. Heinrich 284Hacker, Rodney (Rod)

Halcrow 87Hahn Meitner Institute

Ossenbrink, Heinz 172Halcrow 78, 87, 171Hamakawa Award 301Hamakawa, Prof. Yoshihiro 197

awards 159, 297, 300–302conferences 295profile & career 158

Hammerbacher, MilfredATS Photowatt 219

Hamon, Pierre 196Remy, Claude 178

Hande, Dr. HarishSELCO 242

Hansen, Richard 192Hanwha

Eberspacher, Chris 196Haq, Amir

Intersolar Group 237IT Power 239

Harbin-Chronar 209Harper, Brian 197

profile & career 159Solar Energy Centre 242

Harper, Heatherinterview 308Solar Energy Centre (SEC)

159Harris Farinon 30Hart, Terry 87

IT Power 239Harvard Business School

Shah, Dipesh 180Hassing, Paul

DGIS 266hats & caps, solar-powered 43Hauser, Dr. Charles

HCT Shaping Systems 237Solarex 237

Hawthorne, Edwardsolar-powered boat 44

Hayakawa, TokujiSharp 222

Hayes, DennisSERI 255

HCT Shaping SystemsENE 210Photowatt 219profile & people 236Ricaud, Alain 179Smekens, Guy 184successor website 328

384 Index

health clinicssolar-powered 34

heat exchanger method (HEM)silicon growth 53

Heinson, Joseph (Joe)UK Department of Trade and

Industry 286Heliodinâmica

profile & people 213Topel, Bruno 187

Helios 268EPIA 261

Heliosil. See PragmaENI 220

Heliotek 110. See SpectrolabHelm, Dr. Peter

interview 307profile & career 160WIP 245

Helsinki University of TechnologyAlvesalo, Tapio 140

Hesse, Dr. Walter 197Entech 69SEIA 265

heterojunction cell 62, 70, 78, 165,166, 250, 315

Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thinlayer. See HIT cell

Hezel, Dr. RudolfNukem 216

Hill, Benjamin (Ben) 161Hill, Prof. Robert (Bob) 160, 197

conferences 294Northumbria University 255Pearsall, Dr. Nicola 174Robert Hill Award 302

Hitachi 126, 267HIT cell 62, 221

Panasonic 217Hoffman Electronics 110, 267

early applications 11Prince, Morton 175

Hoffmann, Dr. Winfried 197

ASE 205awards 162books 318interview 307, 317Nukem 111, 216profile & career 161SMA 241

Holec 228Holecsol

Shell 223Honda

solar car races 44SunPower 232

Hoxan 267top-5 producer 268

Hubbert, M King 5, 223Hudson Clean Energy 163Hughes Aircraft Company

Spectrolab 194, 231hybrid solar cell 60hybrid systems

solar-wind 193hydro-power 26, 27Hynes, Kathleen 255HYSOLAR

Werner Bloss 146Hyundai Haevy Industries 246

iIberdrola 109IBM

Ricaud, Alain 179IEA. See International Energy AgencyIEA-PVPS 129, 263

International Energy Agency 263website 330

IEC System of Conformity AssessmentSchemes for ElectrotechnicalEquipment and Components(IECEE) 130

IEC Technical Committee 82DeBlasio, Dick 172Ossenbrink, Heinz 172

Index 385

IEEE-PVSC. See Conferences,American

IES-UPMGoetzberger, Adolf 155profile & people 253website 329

Ihamuotila, Dr. JaakkoAlvesalo, Tapio 140NAPS 239

III-V compounds 57, 175II-VI compounds 58, 148, 248, 315,

338Ikki, Osamu

awards 301RTS Corporation 87

Iles, Peter 196awards 291, 300

Imamura, Dr. Matthew (Matt) 197WIP 87, 246

Imbrecht, Dr. Charlesawards 294, 301

IMEC 251Mertens, Dr. Robert 196profile & people 251Total Energie 234van Overstraeten, Roger 189website 329

ImpaxWorld Bank 267

Inamori, Kazuoawards 301Kyocera 215

Indiasolar policies 127

indium-phosphide 57, 194initial placement offering (IPO) 112,

238Institute for Environment and

Sustainability (IES)JRC Ispra 252

Institute of Electrical and ElectronicEngineers (IEEE) 262

conferences 88, 289

Institute of Energy Conversion.See Delaware, University ofDelaware

website 329Institute of Physical Electronics

Stuttgartwebsite 330

Institute of Reactor Research (EIR)Real, Markus 177

Institut für SolareEnergieversorgungstechnik(ISET) 247

Instituto de Energía Solar. See IES-UPM

Instituto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos deConcentración (ISFOC)

IES-UPM 254Integrated Power 246Interatom 225. See also Siemens

Benemann, Joachim 143EPIA 261

interdigitated rear contactsStanford University 257

Intermediate Technology DevelopmentGroup 171

IT Power 238International Atomic Energy Agency

(IAEA)International Energy Agency 262

International Bank for Reconstructionand Development (IBRD). SeeWorld Bank Group

International Business Machines(IBM) 91

International ElectrotechnicalCommission (IEC) 90, 119, 172,276

PV-GAP 130Real, Markus 177Takashi Tomita 187

International Energy Agency (IEA) 3,78, 89, 128, 313, 330

McNelis, Bernard 171

386 Index

profile & people 262Simoni, Giovanni 182United Kingdom 125Vigotti, Roberto 191

International Finance Corporation(IFC)

World Bank 266International Renewable Energy

Agency 180International Solar Energy Society

awards 302profile & people 263Vigotti, Roberto 191

international standards 18, 86, 90,119, 172, 252, 273, 274, 276, 336

IntersemixSolarex 228

Intersolar Group 78, 85, 112. See alsoSolapak

Bonda, John 147Chronar Corporation 209EPIA 261Jansen, Spencer 238Johns, Roy 237Kazis, Earle 237Lindmayer, Joseph 169, 237McNeil, John 238profile & people 237Solar Ventilation 37Wolfe, Philip 193

inverter 23, 74, 241centralised 23cost 98string 23, 241

Investment Tax Credits, US 120, 121Ioffe Institute

Luque, Antonio 169IPE. See Stuttgart UniversityIPO. See initial placement offeringIranian Revolution 115Iran National Oil Company 247ISES. See International Solar Energy

Society

ISET. See Institut für SolareEnergieversorgungstechnik

Isofotón 67Luque, Antonio 169profile & people 214

Ispra. See Joint Research Centre IspraItalenergie

EPIA 261Italsolar

profile 212, 215, 219Italy

PV R&D expenditure 129solar policies 264

ITPEnergisedIT Power 239website 329

IT Power 78, 87, 171, 238Hart, Terry 87IEA PVPS 129Shah, Dipesh 181successor website 329

I-V characteristicdefinition 342

IVO OyFortum 141, 240

jJansen, Spencer

Intersolar Group 238Japan

solar policies 125Japanese Coastguard 28, 246Japan Photovoltaic Energy Association

(JPEA) 113Japan Solar Energy Company

Kyocera 215JA Solar

UNSW-SPREE 259Jenny, Dr. Dietrich

RCA 57Jester, Theresa (Terry) 108

Arco Solar 202profile & career 162

Index 387

JetionShah, Dipesh 181

Jet Propulsion Laboratory 119Block-buys 276 See JPL block

purchaseGoldsmith, John 156Joint Research Centre Ispra 252profile 252US DOE 266US National PV Program 278website 329

Joachim BenemannInteratom (Siemens) 225SMA 241

Johanson, Gregsolar car Sunrunner 44

John F Long Homes 38Johnson, Robert (Bob) 32, 74, 197

Day, John 151interview 308profile & career 163SES Inc 223Strategies Unlimited 87

Johns, Roy 193, 197, 228, 229Intersolar Group 237

Johnstone, Robert (Bob)books 286

Joint Research Centre Ispra 86, 87,90, 122

Ossenbrink, Heinz 172profile & people 252website 329

Joliot, MichelSolarex 228

Jourde, PatrickCEA-GENEC 128

JPL. See Jet Propulsion LaboratoryJPL block purchase 276

Block V standards 90Spectrolab 231, 243

Jupiter ProjectShahryar, Dr. Ishaq 181

kKaneka 267Karl W Böer Solar Energy Medal of

Merit. See Böer MedalKassel, University of 247

Schmid, Dr. Jürgen 251Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. See

Leuven, Katholieke UniversiteitKaufman, Robert (Bob) 196, 197, 268

Arco Solar 202Kaut, Dr. Willi

European Commission 123, 260Kaz. See Kazmerski, LawrenceKazis, Earle 193, 228

Intersolar Group 237interview 308

Kazmerski, Dr. Lawrence 60awards 164, 291, 300, 302conferences 290NREL 255profile & career 164

Kazmerski, Lawrence 164Kenergia

Simoni, Giovanni 182Kenya Posts and Telecommunications

Corporation (KPTC) 246kerf loss 54Kerman solar project

Pacific Gas & Electric 109, 278Keyes, John

books 317KfW

Helm, Peter 160Kiss, Dr. Zoltan 91, 197

Chronar 208EPV 86, 91Gregory Kiss 208profile & career 165Remy, Claude 178

Kiss, Gregory 165, 208Kissinger, Dr. Henry 4

Lindmayer, Joseph 168

388 Index

kit, solar-power 42Klein, Werner 241Konagai, Makoto

awards 301Konarka

Total Energie 234Koncar

Chronar 209Kondo, Sadao

Sanyo 127, 166Korea

solar policies 127Krebs, Dr. Karlheinz 197

awards 294, 300conferences 292JRC Ispra 252

Kumamoto UniversityKuwano, Yukinori 165

Kurokawa, Kosukeconferences 297

Kurtz, Dr. Sarahawards 303NREL 254

Kurzweil, Ray 135, 136,318

Kuwait Oil Company 247Kuwano, Dr. Yukinori 60

awards 301profile & career 165Sanyo 127

Kyocera 110, 126Davis, Michael 265leading producer 216profile & people 215Serre Persano project 211top producer 268website 329

Kyoto Protocol 116, 338, 341Kythnos Island

project 40, 279, 293visit 88

lLaboratory of Photonics and Interfaces

(LPI)école Polytechnique Fédérale de

Lausanne 249LaFavre, Rodger

Spire Corporation 167Lamb, William (Bill) 43Lange, Christoph-Friedrich 39, 66

awards 302La Noce, Maurizio

Arco Solar 141, 202Large-scale Industrial Technology

Programme (Japan) 263Lauwers, Philip

ENE 210LeComber, Dr. Peter 59, 197

profile & career 166Spear, Walter 184University of Dundee 248

Leggett, Dr. Jeremy 106, 196, 197books 326interview 308

Leicester UniversitySpear, Walter 184

Leroy-Somer 228France-Photon 212Photowatt 218, 219

Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit. Seealso IMEC

profile 251van Overstraeten, Roger 189Verlinden, Pierre 252

levelised cost of energy 101, 336Libbey-Owens-Ford

Total Energie 233lighting, solar powered 35Lindmayer, Dr. Joseph 4, 106, 120,

197, 198auction winner 88books 168

Index 389

Lindmayer, Dr. Joseph (Continued )Carlson, Dave 106conferences 289Intersolar Group 193, 237profile & career 167Solarex 105, 228Varadi, Peter 106, 190Wrigley, Chuck 106

Little, Dr. Rogerprofile & career 167SEIA 265Spire Corporation 243

load management 73loan guarantees 118Lock, Graham 227Loferski, Dr. Joseph (Joe) 196,

197awards 290, 299RCA 57, 220

London, University ofShah, Dipesh 180

Long, John F 38Lorenzini, Robert (Bob)

SunPower 231Swanson, Dick 186

Lott, Senator Trent 47Louineau, Jean-Paul

IT Power 239Lucas Energy Systems 15

BP 111Lucas Industries 207Lugo project 41, 203

Arco Solar 109, 201luminescent concentrator

Berman, Elliot 145Fraunhofer ISE 155

Luque, Prof. Antonio 53awards 169, 294, 300, 302books 169, 319conferences 294IES-UPM 253Isofotón 214profile & career 169

Luther, Prof. JoachimFraunhofer ISE 251

mMacCready, Paul

solar-powered plane 45Macomber, Harold (Hal)

Monegon 87Madan, Dr. Arun 197, 249, 268Madrid, Technical University. See

IES-UPMMagid, Leonard (Len) 88

US DOE 102Mahoney, Ed

Solar Power Corporation 196, 227Maine, University of 60

CIS cells 164Kazmerski, Lawrence 164

Malisolar policies 127

Mali Aqua Viva 88, 292Manfredi, Achille 141Mannesmann 247manufacturing support 117Marchwood project 279

BP Solar 207market forecasts 93market growth 77, 135market information 86markets, pre-1973, 80Martin Marietta Corporation 267

Anderson, Jerry 203Imamura, Dr. Matthew (Matt) 246

Masimo SemiconductorSpire Corporation 244

Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)

Little, Roger 167Prince, Morton 175

Mataró librarysolar wall 39

MatsushitaJapan Solar Energy Company 215

390 Index

maximum power point tracker 23,73, 241

Maycock, Dr. Paul 97April Fool’s Day 294auctioneer 88books 319interview 308, 316Prince, Morton 176profile & career 170PV Energy Systems 87, 240US DOE 119, 120, 265

MBB. See Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm

McCarthy, Dr. SeanUniversity College Cork 247

McCaw, Craig 195McKenzie, Peter 195, 196

Arco Solar 202AstroPower 206

McLaughlin, Tom 202McMaster, Harold 197, 268McNeil, Dr. John

Intersolar Group 238McNelis, Bernard 64, 128, 170

awards 302conferences 171EPIA 261International Energy Agency 125interview 307, 315IT Power 238Solar Power Corporation 227Williams, Neville 192

Meindl, Prof. James (Jim)Stanford University 257

Melchior, BerndBMC Solartechnik 268

MEMC 195Mercedes Benz

Alpha Real 177solar car race 44

Mercouri, Melina 88Merlin Gerin

Photowatt 218

Mertens, Dr. Robert 196Roger van Overstraeten 189

Mertig, DieterAEG Telefunken 201EPIA 261–262

Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm(MBB) 110, 201, 267

ASE 205Hoffmann, Winfried 162Nukem 216Total Energie 111

MetallgesellschaftNukem 216

meter, prepayment 41Michaelis, Dominic

Simoni, Giovanni 182Microchemistry. See Neste Advanced

Power SystemsAlvesalo, Tapio 141

microwave radio repeaterssolar-powered 29

Millennium Prize FoundationAlvesalo, Tapio 141

Million Solar Roofs Initiative. SeeRoofs, Million US

Milne, Prof. William (Bill)Cambridge University 247

Milner, AntonQ-Cells 196

Milton Keynesdemonstration project 193, 237,

281Minchin, Prof. George 10Ministre des Affaires Étrangères et du

Développement International(MAEDI) 128

Ministry of Economy Trade andIndustry (METI) 264

Ministry of International Trade andIndustry, Japan 126, 127, 263,264, 330

profile 263Takashi Tomita 187

Index 391

minority carrier lifetime 14M7 International

block-buys 276Mints, Paula

interview 308, 315Johnson, Bob 163Strategies Unlimited 151, 244

mismatch 65, 75MITI. See Ministry of International

Trade and Industry, JapanMIT Lincoln Laboratory

US National PV Program 278Mobil Oil 55Mobil Solar

block-buys 276Hoffmann, Winfried 162

Mobil-Tyco 55, 267Japan Solar Energy Company 215

module laminatorsSpire 243

module testersSpire 243

Moe, Jan BArco Solar 202

Monegon 87market projection 93

mono-crystalline. See Silicon, mono-crystalline and solar cell, mono-crystalline

mono-crystalline solar cells 78Montedison

Solarex 228Montreal Protocol 116Moore’s Law 97Moroni & Partners

Simoni, Giovanni 182Morse, Frederick (Fred)

International Energy Agency 262Moteurs Leroy-Somer

Solarex 228Motorola 110, 267

block-buys 276Shell 223

Mott, Sir NevillNobel Prize 299Spear, Walter 184University of Dundee 248

Mouchot Prizeprofile & winners 301

MPPT. See maximum power pointtrackers

Mrohs, MarkArco Solar 202

Muhn, Robert (Rob) 196AstroPower 206

MullardOuwens, Kees 15

multi-junction 57, 60, 194, 259solar cell 62, 63, 253solar cell efficiency limit 134

Munich, Technical University ofGoetzberger, Adolf 155Helm, Peter 160

MUSES-A satellite 194MUSIC FM 97, 102, 316Mytton, Roger

Intersolar Group 237

nNagib, Salama

AstroPower 206NAPS. See Neste Advanced Power

SystemsNAPS France

Fabre, Emmanuel 152NAPS Solar Systems 240Narayanan, Mohan

UNSW-SPREE 259NASA 55, 58, 267

Helios 232Jet Propulsion Laboratory 252Lewis Research Center 254, 278Pathfinder 232Spectrolab 231US DOE 266

Nath, Robert (Bob) 202

392 Index

National Academy of EngineeringKazmerski, Lawrence 164

National Center for PhotovoltaicsBarnett, Allen 143Kazmerski, Lawrence 164NREL 255

National Centre for AppropriateTechnology

Sklar, Scott 183National Electrotechnical Laboratory,

Japan 126MITI Japan 263

National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL) 86, 87, 119, 120, 337.See National Renewable EnergyLaboratory

cell efficiency records 271, 272Coutts, Tim 255DeBlasio, Dick 172EPFL 62Joint Research Centre Ispra 252Kazmerski, Lawrence 164Paul Rappaport Renewable Energy

and Energy Efficiency Award302

Prince, Morton 175profile & people 254silicon workshops 255US DOE 265Varadi, Peter 190website 329Wohlgemuth, John 196

National SemiconductorBarnett, Allen 143

Navigant Consulting 245navigational aids

solar-powered 28NEC 30, 267NEDO. See New Energy and Industrial

Technology DevelopmentOrganisation

Nerken, AlbertSolarex 228

Neste Advanced Power Systems(NAPS) 85

Alvesalo, Tapio 141Chronar Corporation 209management buy-out 113Neste 108profile & people 239Shah, Dipesh 181solar fridge 35

Neste Oy 268Alvesalo, Tapio 108, 140Fortum 141, 240NAPS 108

NetherlandsPV R&D expenditure 129solar policies 264, 287

net metering 101, 127Alpha Real 177definition 342

Newcastle Photovoltaics ApplicationsCentre 160, 175. See alsoNorthumbria University, NPAC

New Energy and Industrial TechnologyDevelopment Organisation(NEDO) 126, 336

New South Wales, University of. SeeUNSW-SPREE

New Sunshine Project 264New York University

Böer, Karl 146Next Energy Capital

Simoni, Giovanni 182NGCPV

Luque, Antonio 169Nippon Electric (NEC) 110, 126, 336NIST-ATP 55, 121, 337Nixon, President Richard 4Noack

Vegel, Magne 240Nobel Prize 299

Albert Einstein 10Mott, Sir Nevill 185Porter, Sir George 115

Index 393

Nobel Prize (Continued )Richardson, Robert 140Shockley, William 257

NOCT. See Nominal operating celltemperature

nominal operating cell temperature(NOCT) 273, 274, 337

definition 273Northumbria University, NPAC

Pearsall, Dr. Nicola 175Prof. Bob Hill 160profile & people 255website 329

North-West Passagesolar navigational aids 28

Notre Dame, University ofKazmerski, Lawrence 164

NTT ElectricalYamaguchi, Masafumi 193

nuclear energy 27costs 100subsidies 132

nuclear waste 27Nukem 58, 268

ASE 205DASA 111, 201Hoffmann, Winfried 161profile & people 216Stuttgart University 257

oobligations

on energy suppliers 118Observatoire Méditerranéen de

l’EnergieVigotti, Roberto 191

Ogami lighthouse 28Ohio State University

Swanson, Richard (Dick) 185Oil and Natural Gas Corporation

India 246oil companies

conspiracy 108

in the PV sector 107oil shock. See OPEC oil crisisOlin Brass

SEIA 264Olson, Dr. Jerry

awards 300NREL 254

O’Mara, Bradley (Brad) 73Balance-of-Systems Specialists 44

OPEC oil crisisfirst 4, 341second 344

open circuit voltage 13, 52definition 343

Optel 165Optex

Kuwano, Yukinori 166Lindmayer, Joseph 168

Optical Coatings Laboratory Inc(OCLI) 268

O’Regan, Dr. Brian 157Berkeley University 61

Orga 28, 246organic solar cells 79, 91

market penetration 134Organisation of Arab Petroleum

Exporting Countries(OAPEC) 4

Organisation of Petroleum ExportingCountries (OPEC) 4

Osaka UniversityHamakawa, Yoshihiro 158Kuwano, Yukinori 166

Ossenbrink, Dr. Heinz 197conferences 294interview 307JRC Ispra 252profile & career 172

Ouwens, KeesPhilips 15

over-voltage protection 73Ovshinsky, Dr. Iris 197

Energy Conversion Devices 211

394 Index

profile & career 172Ovshinsky, Stanford (Stan) 91, 197,

198awards 302Energy Conversion Devices 211profile & career 172

pPacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) 203

Arco Solar 109Pacific Power

UNSW-SPREE 259Pacific Solar 259. See CSG SolarPalz, Dr. Wolfgang 60, 124

awards 294, 301Bonda, John 147books 41, 174, 313, 319, 328conferences 292EPIA 261European Commission 122, 260Helm, Peter 160interview 307profile & career 173

Panasonic 62, 70profile & people 217Sanyo 222website 329

Paris Agreement 116Parnell, Kevin

Arco Solar 202Passereni, Ed

solar bicycle 44patent, amorphous silicon 59

Advanced PhotovoltaicSystems 208

Paul Rappaport Renewable Energy andEnergy Efficiency Award 302

Peak Oil 5definition 343

peak watts. See watts peakPearsall, Dr. Nicola

Bob Hill 161

conferences 175interview 308, 318Northumbria University 255profile & career 174

Pearson, GeraldBell Laboratories 11, 196Prince, Morton 175Stanford University 257

Pellworm project 201, 279Pennwell

Strategies Unlimited 245PEP’85, PEP’87, PEP’93. See

Photovoltaic Energy ProjectPERC cell 51PERL cell 51Perlin, John

books 326perovskite solar cells 62, 136, 157PESC cell 51Petrobras

Heliodinâmica 213Petroleum Development Oman

(PDO) 29, 246Philips RTC 15, 80, 110, 247, 267

Berman, Elliot 145CGE Saft 111early applications 11early entrant 268Fabre, Emmanuel 152Photowatt 218, 219PPX47A module 65

Photocomm 268Balance-of-Systems Specialists

44photoelectric effect 10Photonex

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Photon Magazine 78, 87, 196Photon Power 58

Total Energie 233Photon Technology

EPIA 261photosynthesis 61

Index 395

Phototronics Solartechnik (PST)Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohn

(MBB) 267Total Energie 234

photovoltaic effect 3, 9, 12, 300, 343Photovoltaic Energy Project

NREL 254Photovoltaic Power Generation

Technology Research Association(PVTEC)

Kuwano, Yukinori 166photovoltaics

definition 343technology 12, 56

Photovoltaics for Utility ScaleApplications. See PVUSA

Photovoltaics-Laboratory (PV-Lab)250

PhotovoltechTotal Energie 234

Photowatt 54, 56, 111block-buys 276Canal, Bernard 196de Franclieu, Robert 151EPIA 261Fabre, Emmanuel 152Heliodinâmica 213Philips 267profile & people 217Remy, Claude 178Sarti, Dominique 196, 218Serre Persano project 211Shell 224top-5 producer 268website 329

Piccard, Bertrandsolar-powered plane 45

Pidgeon, Michael 36Pilkington 110, 268

Flachglas 235Shell 111, 224

Pilkington SolarGoldsmith, John 156

pilot projects 39, 40, 117, 134European 117, 160, 172, 174,

201, 207, 220, 245, 252, 260,293

PlanetSolarsolar-powered boat 44

poly-crystalline silicon 220cell efficiency record 271

poly-crystalline solar cells 79polyvinyl-butyral (PVB) 65, 337polyvinyl-fluoride (PVF) 65, 337Pompes Guinard

France-Photon 213Leroy-Somer 212solar pumps 34

power consumptionsolar matched to 30

Powerlight 109SunPower Corporation 233

Pragma 54Agip 108EPIA 261profile & people 212, 215,

219Simoni, Giovanni 182successor website 329

pricesolar cells 48

primary batteryreplaced by PV 27

Prince, Dr. Morton (Mort)awards 176, 294, 300profile & career 175US DOE 120, 265

Proctor and GambleSmekens, Guy 183

production automation 202, 229Production Tax Credits 121production volume 48professional applications 27, 31,

32, 75, 81, 180, 207, 218, 222,237

Progress in Photovoltaics 146

396 Index

progress ratio 97, 135definition 344

Project Megawatt 177, 216Public Utility Regulatory Policy Act

(PURPA) 120pumping

solar-powered 33Putney, Dr. Zimri (Zim) 196

Semix 228Solarex 53, 228

PV. See photovoltaicsPV Electric 44

Arco Solar 204Aschenbrenner, Peter 142Aulich, Dr. Hubert 142

PV Energy Systems 78, 87Maycock, Paul 170profile & people 240

PV Global Accreditation Programme(PV-GAP) 90, 129, 130, 172,190. See PV Global AccreditationProgramme

Cabraal, Dr. Anil 267Real, Markus 177

PV Market Transformation Initiative(PVMTI)

World Bank 267PV Materials and Technology

Program (PVMaT) 121PVPS. See IEA-PVPS1000 PV Roofs Programme. See

Roofs 1000 GermanyPVSEC Award

profile & winners 301PV Silicon. See CrystaloxPV-UK. See British Photovoltaic

AssociationPVUSA 278

qQatar Petroleum Company 247Q-Cells 268

Milner, Anton 196

UNSW-SPREE 259503 Qualification Test Procedure

JRC Ispra 90qualification tests

solar module 274Quantex Corporation 229

Lindmayer, Joseph 168quantum dot solar cells 136Qu, Dr. Shawn

de Franclieu, Robert 152Woerner, Klaus 152

Queen’s Award for ExportIntersolar Group 238IT Power 239

Queisser, Dr. Hans 273

rRacal 247radiation

diffuse 12direct 12global 12

railway track circuitssolar-powered 28

Raisbeck, GordonBell Laboratories 29

Ralph, Eugene (Gene) 309awards 290, 300communication 309conferences 290Prince, Morton 175Spectrolab 34, 196, 231

Ramberg, Edward 10Rappaport, Dr. Paul 197

awards 290, 299Dave Carlson 149NREL 254Paul Rappaport Renewable Energy

and Energy Efficiency Award 177profile & career 176RCA 57, 220SERI 265Strategies Unlimited 244

Index 397

RCA 11, 57, 59, 60, 268cell efficiency records 272Kiss, Dr. Zoltan 165Maycock, Paul 170patent 91profile & people 220Rappaport, Paul 176Solarex 229Strategies Unlimited 244Wronski, Chris 149

Reagan, President Ronald 120administration 255

Real, Dr. MarkusAlpha Real 44, 234books 177Kyocera 216net metering 101profile & career 177PV-GAP 130

REC. See Renewable EnergyCorporation

reel-to-reelPV cell deposition 60, 67

refrigerators, solar-powered34

regulation, energy industry115

Reiser, Jean-Marc 88Remy, Claude 106

awards 178, 302interview 307, 319management buy-out 113Photowatt 218, 219profile & career 177SAFT 111

Renewable and Sustainable EnergyReviews 164

Renewable Energy Act, Germany286

Renewable Energy Corporation(REC) 196

Renewable Portfolio Standards 121,344

Resch, RhoneScott Sklar 183SEIA 265

research and developmentsupport 116

Research and TechnologyDevelopment Programme (RTD)

EC DG-XII 122residential applications 216Res4Med

Vigotti, Roberto 191retail grid parity

definition 344reverse auctions 118ribbon silicon. See silicon ribbonribbon silicon cells 78Ricaud, Alain 78

France-Photon 212paper on French policy 124profile & career 179Total Energie 234

Rio Declaration 116Rio Tinto

Nukem 216Ritsumeikan University

Hamakawa, Yoshihiro 159Robert Hill Award 302Rodgers, Thurman John (TJ)

SunPower Corporation 232Rodot, Dr. Michel

CNRS 124Roelen, Dr. Eckhard

Phototronics 234Roger van Overstraeten

Foundation 189Roland, Dr. George

AstroPower 206roofs 1000 Germany 38, 285,

286Fraunhofer ISE 251MITI 264

roofs 100,000 Germany 39, 286roofs, Million US 121, 317

398 Index

roofs, Sunshine Project Japan 39,126

Rosenfield, Thomas (Tom)Solarex 92, 228

Rosenlöf, TimoNAPS 240

Rothe, Mechtildawards 303

round robin tests. See PhotovoltaicEnergy Project

Rousseau, MichelArco Solar 202

Royal Aircraft Establishment(RAE) 86, 188, 267, 338

Cranfield University 175Treble, Fred 188

Royal Dutch Shell. See ShellRoyal Society

Green, Martin 158Roy, Bunker

awards 302R87

website 331Rubin, Irwin 268Rudin, Arthur (Art)

Solar Power Corporation 227RWE 109, 268

Nukem 216RWE Schott Solar 205

Hoffmann, Winfried 162RWE Solar 205

sSacramento Municipal Utility District

(SMUD) 109, 203SAFT 72, 178, 217, 219

de Franclieu, Robert 151Philips RTC 111Photowatt 218Remy, Claude 178

Saint-Gobain 110Salvamoser, Georg 106, 197

Solar Fabrik 196

SamaEPIA 261

Samak, Ibrahim 198EPIA 261

Sample, Dr. Anthony (Tony)JRC Ispra 252

Samsung Heavy Industries 246Sanders, Jerry

Advanced Micro Devices 83Sandia National Laboratories 87, 119,

331NREL 255US DOE 266US National PV Program 278

Sandtner, Dr. Walterawards 294, 301BMFT 124MITI Japan 264

Sanyo 60, 62, 70, 110, 126, 127conferences 292Kuwano, Yukinori 165Panasonic 217profile & people 221solar calculators 36Solec 230

Sao Paulo UniversitiesHeliodinâmica 213

Sapienza Università di RomaSimoni, Giovanni 182

Sarti, DominiquePhotowatt 196, 218, 219

Sasaki, Tadashiawards 301

Saudi Aramco 247Sayigh, Prof. Ali

conferences 299scale of generation 27Scatec 196Schaeffer, Loretta

World Bank 266Scheer, Dr. Hermann 197

award in his memory 263awards 302

Index 399

Scheer, Dr. Hermann (Continued )books 180, 319feed-in tariffs 179, 286, 295Hans-Josef Fell 153profile & career 179

Scheuten Glas GroepFlachglas Solartechnik 236

Schlesinger, James 119US DOE 265

Schmela, Michael 196interview 307

Schmid, Dr. Jürgenconferences 297European Commission 250Fraunhofer ISE 250International Energy Agency 262

Schmid, Frederick (Fred)Crystal Systems 53, 267

Schmid, Russell (Rusty)ATS Photowatt 219

Schmidt, Dr. EckehardAEG Telefunken 196, 201DASA 201

SchneiderPhotowatt 218

Schott Solar 205Hoffmann, Winfried 162

Schulze, Dr. Friedrich-WilhelmPV Silicon 235

Schumacher, Fritz 238Schuster, Dr. Günter 174

European Commission 122Schwartz, Dr. Richard

awards 291, 300Scottish and Southern Energy 109Scott, Roderick (Rod)

BP Solar 207sealed batteries

Solar Energy Centre (SEC) 159SEGS projects 16

Flachglas Solartechnik 235SEIA. See Solar Energy Industries

Association

SELCO. See Solar Electric LightCompany

selenium 56SELF. See Solar Electric Light FundSelhagen, Leif

NAPS 240Semix 228. See Solarex

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Sensor Technology 268

block-buys 276Photowatt 218

SERI. See Solar Energy ResearchInstitute

Serre Persano project 41ENEL 211

SES (Solar Energy Systems Inc) 58.See Shell

Böer, Karl 147Johnson, Bob 163

SET (Selected ElectronicTechnologies) 201

Shah, Dipesh 107, 197, 198awards 181BP Solar 207interview 308, 316NAPS 240profile & career 180

Shah, Prof. Arvindawards 301école Polytechnique Fédérale de

Lausanne 250Shahryar, Dr. Ishaq 4, 197, 198

awards 182profile & career 181Solec 105, 230Spectrolab 231

Shahryar, JawidSolec 181

Shaping Systems. See HCT ShapingSystems

Sharp 78, 96, 110, 126, 268Berman, Elliot 145early applications 11

400 Index

Japan Solar Energy Company 215solar calculators 36Tomita, Takashi 186website 329

Sheet Metal Workers UnionChronar Corporation 209

Shell 58, 108, 110, 268Benemann, Joachim 144Dizio, Steve 223Eskom 41Flachglas Solartechnik 236future energy scenario 93Hubbert, M King 223Petroleum Development

Oman 247Photowatt 219Pilkington 111profile & people 223SES 113Shah, Dipesh 180Shell Solar successor website 329Siemens 204van Rooijen, Jan 223

Shell-Eskom Solar EnergyCompany 41

Shimp, Harry 208, 230Shockley, Dr. William 196

efficiency limit 273Goetzberger, Adolf 155Prince, Morton 175Stanford University 257

Shockley Queisser EfficiencyLimit 273

short circuit current 13, 52definition 345

ShowaShell 223

Showa-Shell 60Arco Solar 91, 111, 204profile 224successor website 329

Shugar, Daniel (Dan)Pacific Gas & Electric 109

Powerlight 233Siemens Process

poly-crystalline silicon 54, 142Siemens Solar 96, 110

Arco Solar 91, 111, 204Aulich, Dr. Hubert 142EPIA 261Goetzberger, Adolf 155Jester, Terry 163profile & people 225PV Electric 44Shell 204successor website 329top producer 268

silane gas 59silicon

crystal growth 50metallurgical grade 14, 48, 53,

56mono-crystalline 14, 50, 53, 55, 57,

192, 221, 226, 230, 231poly-crystalline 53semiconductor grade 48solar-grade 53

silicon feedstock 49, 53, 206, 245price 96

Silicon-FilmAstroPower 55

silicon, metallurgical grade 53, 56, 85,96

silicon, mono-crystalline and solar cell,mono-crystalline 14

silicon ribbon 55dendritic web 55edge-defined, film-fed growth

(EFG) 55silicon wafer 14, 15, 18, 19, 49, 50,

54, 55, 57, 205, 206, 210, 219, 226,228, 234, 237, 244, 252, 256

off-grade 96production 82thickness 54

silicon workshops 255

Index 401

Silicor MaterialsJester, Terry 163

Simoni, GiovanniEPIA 261interview 308, 320Pragma 219profile & career 182

Singer sewing machine 85single junction cell

efficiency limit 134S International

EPIA 261Sirti 30, 247Sklar, Scott

interview 308, 317profile & career 183SEIA 264Solar Energy Industries

Association 114Smart Solar

Tomita, Takashi 187SMA Solartechnik 74

Benemann, Joachim 144Cramer, Dr. Günther 150Flachglas Solartechnik 236Hoffmann, Winfried 162profile & people 241on stock market 112University of Kassel 247website 329

Smee, Alfred 10Smekens, Guy 106, 197

ENE 210EPIA 261profile & career 183

SMUD. See Sacramento MunicipalUtility District

Snamprogetti 247SNEA. See Elf AquitaineSociété Nationale Elf Aquitaine. See Elf

AquitaineSohio

ECD 211

SolaicxYerkes, Bill 195

Solapak. See Intersolar GroupBP Solar 91Solarex 228

Solar Ark 221solar array structure 19Solarbank 41solar breeder, Solarex

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Ricaud, Alain 179

solar cellcharacteristic 13, 14, 52, 171, 258,

343 (See also I-V characteristic)current 18mono-crystalline, record 271mono-crystalline silicon 49, 50, 63,

65, 70, 158poly-crystalline 54processing 14, 83research 49string 64surface texture 52technology 12voltage 18

Solar Cells Inc., 268Solarcentury

Leggett, Jeremy 196Solar Challenger

solar-powered plane 45Solar Craft 1

solar-powered boat 44Solar Electric Light Company 242.

See also Solar Electric Light FundWilliams, Neville 192

Solar Electric Light Fund 35Freling, Robert 242Maycock, Paul 170profile & people 242website 329Williams, Neville 192

Solar Energy Centre (SEC) 72, 242Harper, Brian 159

402 Index

Solar Energy DevelopmentsSimoni, Giovanni 182

Solar Energy Industries Association(SEIA)

Little, Roger 167profile & people 264PV-GAP 130Sklar, Scott 114, 183

Solar Energy Research and EducationFoundation

SEIA 264Solar Energy Research Institute

(SERI) 120, 254, 256. See alsoNational Renewable EnergyLaboratory

Hart, Terry 87Rappaport, Paul 176Reagan, President Ronald 255USAID 121US DOE 265US government 121US National PV Program 278

Solar Energy Society of India(SESI) 113

solar energy system 16Solar Energy Systems Inc (SES) 221.

See also ShellSolarex Corporation 50, 53, 54, 111

acquisition by BP 208Amoco 106, 108block-buys 276Carlson, David 150cell efficiency records 272Corsi, John 196Forest, Harvey 196Goldsmith, John 156HE range modules 70Intersolar Group 237Leroy-Somer 212Lindmayer, Joseph 168patent 91profile & people 228RCA 221

Ricaud, Alain 179SEIA 265Shimp, Harry 230solar modules 65Solar Power Corporation 227top producer 268Varadi, Peter 190Williams, Neville 191Wohlgemuth, John 196Wolfe, Philip 193

Solar-Fabrik 268Hoffmann, Winfried 162Salvamoser, Georg 196

solar façadeAachen and elsewhere 236Mataró library 39Northumbria University 256

Solar ForceFrance-Photon 213

Solar FoundationSklar, Scott 183

Solar Francede Franclieu, Robert 151Remy, Claude 178

Solar Frontier 60, 225website 329

SolarfunUNSW-SPREE 259

solar grade silicon 83, 228Solarex 228

solar heating 286Solar Heating and Cooling Programme

International Energy Agency 129,262

Solar Impulse 232solar-powered plane 45

Solar LobbySklar, Scott 183

Solar MillenniumFlachglas Solartechnik 236

solar module 18, 63assembly 84cost 97

Index 403

solar module (Continued )efficiency 70encapsulant 18frame 19front cover 18qualification tests 274rear cover 18voltage 19

Solarnova 201Solar One

house, Böer, Karl 147house, Delaware 38, 247subdivision, Phoenix 38

SolarpactBonnet, Dieter 148

Solar Power Corporation (SPC) 108Berman, Elliot 145Bernard McNelis 171block-buys 276Brusseau, Bill 196Caruso, Paul 196Clive Capps 171Exxon 108Heliodinâmica 213liquidation 113Lucas 15Mahoney, Ed 196P1002 module 15, 63, 64, 226potential management buy-

out 113profile & people 226top producer 268Willis, Bob 192Wolfe, Philip 192Wurmser, John 196

Solar Power Limited 227solar radiation data 74solar resource 11, 26solar sunroofs 204Solar Systems (Australia)

SunPower Corporation 232Solar Technology International 194,

202

Spectrolab 231solar thermal systems 17, 338SolarValley Mitteldeutschland 142Solar Ventilation Ltd 84SolarWorld 196, 268

Shell 224on stock market 112website 329

Solavolt 223. See also Shellblock-buys 276

Solec 51profile & people 230Sanyo 221Spectrolab 231top-5 producer 268

SolemsMesserschmitt Bolkow Blohn

(MBB) 267Ricaud, Alain 179Total Energie 234

Solenergy 268block-buys 276Willis, Bob 192

SolnetAlvesalo, Tapio 141

Solomon, Ionelconferences 293

Soltech 252Sonnenschein 72Sopori, Bhushan

NREL 255Southern California Edison 203

Arco Solar 109space

solar applications in 27Spain

solar policies 127Spear, Prof. Walter 59, 197, 198

profile & career 184University of Dundee 248

Spectrolab 51, 110, 153, 154, 181,194, 230, 231

Berman, Elliot 145

404 Index

block-buys 276Gay, Charlie 154website 329Yerkes, Bill 194

spheral solar 56Spiers, Dr. David

NAPS 240Spire Corporation 268

block-buys 276Heliodinâmica 213LaFavre, Rodger 167Little, Roger 167profile & people 243SEIA 265on stock market 112

Spirit of Biel solar car 44Sprague Electric

Lindmayer, Joseph 168SPV Market Research 245SQ Limit. See Shockley Queisser

Efficiency LimitStaebler, Dr. David (Dave)

RCA 59Staebler-Wronski effect 60, 149Stahl, Dietrich

Siemens 225Standard Oil of Indiana. See Amocostandard test conditions (STC)

definition 273standard voltage 30Stanford University 52

Bube, Prof. Richard 257cell efficiency record 271Meindl, Jim 257Pearson, Prof. Gerald 257profile & people 256Rodgers, T.J 232Shockley, William 257Swanson, Richard (Dick) 185

Stansbury, EdPrince, Morton 175

Starr, Dr. MichaelHalcrow 87

STAWAGfeed-in tariffs 285Flachglas Solartechnik 236

Stella Group 183Stiner, Thomas

AstroPower 206Stirewalt, Ed

Paul Maycock 170stock exchange. See initial placement

offeringStrategies Unlimited 78, 87

Day, John 150Flachglas Solartechnik 235Johnson, Bob 163Mints, Paula 244profile & people 244

string inverter. See inverter, stringStromeinspeisungsgesetz 285Strub, Dr. Albert 174, 323

European Commission 122, 260structures. See array structuresStuttgart, University of 58, 257

Bloss, Werner 145Hoffmann, Winfried 161Nukem 216profile & people 257

SunEdison 195Sunergy

UNSW-SPREE 259SunnyBoy

SMA 74SunPower Corporation 52, 70, 83,

113, 268Aschenbrenner, Peter 142cell efficiency record 271Gay, Charlie 154Jester, Terry 163profile & people 231solar car races 44Stanford University 256, 257on stock market 112Swanson, Richard (Dick) 186Total Energie 234

Index 405

SunPower Corporation (Continued )Verlinden, Pierre 196, 252website 329

Sunracer solar car 44Sunrunner solar car 44Sunset Energietechnik 268Sunshine Project Japan 39,

126Hamakawa, Yoshihiro 159MITI Japan 264Panasonic 217Sanyo 221Sharp 223

SuntechUNSW-SPREE 259

Suntola, Dr. TuomoMicrochemistry 240

Suntricity CorporationKazmerski, Lawrence 164

supervisory control and dataacquisition (SCADA) 73

supplier obligations 118surface oxide passivation 52surface recombination 14Sustainable Concepts GmbH

Aulich, Hubert 142Swanson, Prof. Richard (Dick)

106awards 186, 300–302cell efficiency records 271concentrator cells 68Cypress Semiconductor 83, 185,

232, 257interdigitated rear contact 52interview 308, 315profile & career 185Stanford University 257SunPower 231, 232Swanson’s Law 97

Swanson’s Law 97, 102, 316Switzerland

feed-in tariffs 284PV R&D expenditure 129

solar policies 264Sykes, Benjamin (Ben)

Exxon 107Syndicat des Énergies Renouvelables

(SER) 113system controllers, electronic 22system cost 99Systemes Solaires

France-Photon 213systems integrators 84, 268system sizing 74, 146, 193, 313,

315cost impact 98

Szeged, University ofVaradi, Peter 190

Szlovsky, SpigniewENE 210

Szokolay, StevenSimoni, Giovanni 182

Szpitalak, TedUNSW-SPREE 259

tTabor, Harry 197Tabuchi

Kuwano, Yukinori 166Taiyo Yuden 267Tata Group

BP Solar 208TC-82. See International

Electrotechnical CommissionTeam

EPIA 261Technical University of Madrid (UPM)

Luque, Antonio 169Tecnometal

Topel, Bruno 187Telecom Australia 247telecommunications

solar applications in 29, 215Teledesic

Yerkes, Bill 195Telletra 30, 247

406 Index

TenesolTotal Energie 233

testingsolar modules 273

Texaco 108Texas Instruments 56, 110, 267,

268ATS 219Maycock, Paul 170solar calculators 36

TextronSpectrolab 231

Thatcher, Margaret 237photograph 193

Thermie Programme 123, 260thermo-photovoltaics (TPV)

IES-UPM 254thin film

on crystalline 62, 221thin film solar cell 49, 57, 78

companies 204, 229compound 57, 62cost 97processing 19, 67, 83qualification tests 274researchers 146, 164, 185, 248, 255,

259Tholstrup, Hans 44tidal energy 26, 27Tideland Signal 28, 246Tikkanen, Heikki

NAPS 240titanium dioxide 61Tokyo Electric Power Company

(TEPCO) 109Tomita, Takashi 197

profile & career 186Sharp 222, 223

Topel, Bruno 198awards 301Heliodinâmica 213profile & career 187

top producer

Arco Solar 203BP Solar 208Kyocera 216list 268

ToptecIsofotón 215

Toshiba 126, 267Total Energie 58, 108, 233

Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohn(MBB) 111, 267

profile 233SunPower Corporation 233website 329

Tour de SolAlpha Real 177solar car race 44

Toyota Technological InstituteYamaguchi, Masafumi

194toys, solar-powered 43trackers, array structure 20, 71trackers, maximum power. See

maximum power pointtrackers

transportsolar applications in 28

Traverso, FrancoHelios 268

Treble, Frederick (Fred) 197awards 188, 301Bernard McNelis 171conferences 293consultancy 87profile & career 188

Tremiti Islands project 279Trina Solar

UNSW-SPREE 259Verlinden, Pierre 252

Trinity House 28, 246Truly, Admiral Richard

NREL 154TRW 52, 110, 267Tyco Laboratories 55

Index 407

uUK Atomic Energy Authority

Shah, Dipesh 181UK Department for International

Development (DFID) 128UK Department of Trade and Industry

(DTI) 286Underwriters’ Laboratories 86UNDP. See United Nations

Development ProgrammeUni-Solar. See Energy Conversion

DevicesUnited Kingdom

Energy Papers 286overseas development 128solar policies 125sunshine level 286

United Nations 115, 116, 128, 263,318

United Nations DevelopmentProgramme (UNDP) 128, 338

World Bank 266United Solar Systems Corporation. See

Energy Conversion DevicesUnited States of America

solar policies 118Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. See

IES-UPMUniversity College Cork 247University of California, Los Angeles

(UCLA)Goldsmith, John 156

University of Delaware. See Delaware,University of

University of Dundee. See Dundee,University of

University of Kassel. See Kassel,University of

University of Neuchâtelécole Polytechnique Fédérale de

Lausanne 250University of New South Wales. See

UNSW-SPREE

University of Northumbria atNewcastle. See NorthumbriaUniversity, NPAC

University of Stuttgart. See StuttgartUniversity

University of ToulouseLuque, Antonio 169

University of Wisconsin. SeeWisconsin, University of

UNSW School of Photovoltaic &Renewable Energy Engineering.See UNSW-SPREE

UNSW-SPREE 51, 52, 70, 127Barnett, Allen 143BP Solar 208cell efficiency record 271profile & people 258solar car races 44website 330Wenham, Dr. Stuart 196

USAID 87, 121IT Power 239

US Coast Guard 28, 246US Department of Commerce 121US Department of Energy 48, 119

cost goals 102Gay, Charlie 154Jet Propulsion Laboratory 252John F Long Homes 38Maycock, Paul 170Prince, Morton 176profile & people 265SEIA 265Stanford University 257Williams, Neville 191

US Department of LaborSEIA 264

US DOE. See US Department ofEnergy

US National PV Program 277USSC. See Energy Conversion

DevicesUS Signals Corps 11

408 Index

utility-scale 203Kyocera 216Wolfe, Philip 193

vvaccine fridges

solar-powered 34Vanguard I satellite 11

Prince, Morton 175van Overstraeten, Prof. Roger 197

awards 294, 300conferences 292profile & career 189Smekens, Guy 183Stanford University 257

van Rooijen, JanShell 223

Varadi, Dr. Peter 4, 78, 197, 198awards 190, 302books 190, 314, 320interview 308, 319Lindmayer, Joseph 106, 168Ossenbrink, Heinz 172profile & career 190PV-GAP 90, 129Real, Markus 177Solarex 50, 105, 228

VarexVaradi, Peter 190

Varta 72Vegel, Magne

NAPS 240ventilator

solar-powered 36Verlinden, Dr. Pierre 196, 252Verspieren, Fr. Bernard 88, 197, 213Vester Bögebjerg project 279Vienna Convention 116Vigotti, Dr. Roberto 77

ENEL 210IEA PVPS 129InternationalEnergyAgency 89, 262interview 307

profile & career 191voltage regulation 73von Fabeck, Wolf

feed-in tariffs 285

wWacker Chemie 53

Fraunhofer ISE 251Heliodinâmica 213profile & people 245website 329

wafer fab. See fabrication plant, waferWarwick University

Shah, Dipesh 180watches

solar-powered 36water pumping

solar-powered 33Watson, James

interview 307watts peak 14, 95, 274, 346wave energy 26, 27, 286Weber, Prof. Eicke

Fraunhofer ISE 251Weinberg, Carl

Pacific Gas & Electric 109, 196Wenger, Howard

AstroPower 206Wenham, Dr. Stuart 196

UNSW-SPREE 258, 259Werner, Thomas (Tom)

SunPower 233Westinghouse 267Wettlaufer, Reiner 241White House 265

solar panels 119, 120Wiki-Solar 193

website 331William Cherry Award

profile & winners 299Williams, Neville

books 242, 320interview 308, 313

Index 409

Williams, Neville (Continued )profile & career 191SELF, SELCO 242

Willis, Robert (Bob) 108, 197profile & career 192Solar Power Corporation 171,

227Solenergy 227, 268

Willmes, HartwigVarta 72

wind energy 26, 27WIP (Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur

Planungs)profile & people 245website 329

wire saw 54, 210, 219, 235HCT Shaping Systems 237

Wisconsin, University of 74WiseEnergy

Simoni, Giovanni 182Woerner, Klaus 197

de Franclieu, Robert 152Photowatt 219Qu, Dr. Shawn 152

Wohlgemuth, Dr. John 196Wolf, Dr. Martin 196, 197

awards 290, 300Wolfe, Philip

awards 193books 313BP Solar 207EPIA 261Intersolar Group 237profile & career 192PV-UK 171

World Bank 40, 128, 171Heliodinâmica 214IT Power 239profile & people 266PV-GAP 130SELF 242Varadi, Peter 190

World Bank Group 266

World Health Organisation (WHO)128

IT Power 239World Renewable Energy Network

awards 302World Solar Challenge

solar car race 44Wright, Martin

Marine Current Turbines239

Wrigley, Charles (Chuck)Lindmayer, Joseph 106, 168papers 319Solarex 228

Wrixon, Prof. Gerard (Gerry)conferences 293University College Cork 247

Wronski, Dr. Christopher (Chris)awards 300Dave Carlson 149RCA 59, 220

Wurmser, John 196Solar Power Corporation 227

xXciton 143

yYale University

Lindmayer, Joseph 168Yamaguchi, Prof. Masafumi

awards 194, 300–302conferences 297profile & career 193

Yamani, Sheikh Ahmed Zaki4

Yenamandra, Raju 23Arco Solar 202interview 308

Yerkes Electric Solar 195Yerkes, Kari 141Yerkes, Sara

interview 308

410 Index

Yerkes, William (Bill) 4,197

Arco Solar 65, 202Aschenbrenner, Peter

141changed my life 195Gay, Charlie 106, 154interview 307, 320profile & career 194Solaicx 195Solar Technology International

105Spectrolab 231Teledesic 195

Yingli Green EnergyUNSW-SPREE 259

Yordi, BeatriceEuropean Commission 260

zZambas, Peter 202Zambelli project 220Zhao, Jianhua

UNSW-SPREE 259Zhengrong, Shi

awards 301UNSW-SPREE 259

ZontecShell 223

ZSW 146Zworykin, Vladimir 10

Index 411