INDEX Sr No

Topic Page No

1 Baharatiya Jain Sanghatana – An Introduction 1 2 Earthquakes 3 a. Global Plate Motion

b. Earthquake Frequency c. Deadliest earthquakes in history d. Major earthquakes in India e. Seismic zoning Map

4 4 5

5-6 7

3 Gujarat Earthquake 8 4 Impacts Of Earthquake 9 a. Direct Losses

b. Indirect Losses c. Worst Affected areas in Gujarat

9 10 11

5 Rescue Relief & rehabilitation By Bharatiya Jain Sanghatana (BJS) 14 a. How BJS aid came to Gujarat: Personal Account by Mr. Prafulla Parakh

b. Rescue & relief c. Medical Aid d. Rehabilitation e. Survey- Earthquake affected area f. Key plan for 10 class room school g. Key Plan for 8 class room school h. Key plan for 4 class room school i. key plan for 6 class room school j. School inauguration k. Handing Over l. Chart of constructed schools m. Schools reconstructed by Bharatiya Jain Sanghatana n. Reopening day

15-18 19 21 22 24 26 27 27 28 30 30 31 32 32

7 Issues for consideration 33 8 Problems Faced 34 a. problems related to state administration

b. Problems related to Logistics 34 34

9 Appreciation received 35 10 Lessons learnt 36 11 Prominent Donors 37-38 12 Documents available on BJS role & Experience in Gujarat 39 13 Newspaper reports related to BJS Gujarat Disaster Management work 40 14 Rescue & relief by other Agencies 61 a. Centra Government efforts

b. Relief assistance by other state governments c. Foreign assistance d. Rescue & relief by Gujarat State Government e. Gujarat earthquake 2001- State Government relief at a glance

62-65 66 66 67 69

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BHARATIYA JAIN SANGHATANA (BJS) - AN INTRODUCTION

1. Bharatiya Jain Sanghatana (BJS) is a non profit mak ing, non political, social service

organization working towards identifying issues rel ated to traditions, health and

education that hamper social growth. Established by Shri. Shantilal Muttha in 1985,

with an ambitious vision of contributing towards th e improvement of the quality of life

for the citizens and society, it was earlier known as Akhil Maharashtriya Jain

Sanghatana and has been registered under its curren t name on 18 th October 1993.

MISSION:

• Identifying issues related to traditions, health an d education that are hampering

social growth and development.

• Create awareness and a vibrant national network for social transformation

• Develop and implement programs for the betterment o f the society.

• Build capability for rescue and relief operations i n the wake of disasters in the

shortest possible time.

• Strategy formulation and its implementation for lon g term rehabilitation of

disaster affected people.

2. With 20 years experience in disaster management, BJS is always ready to handle any type of

disasters since they are able to mobilize their volunteers from the concerne d and

neighboring areas, establish contacts with the conc erned officials, arrange the

logistics, deliver the material at the desired plac e and start the relief, rescue and

rehabilitation work.

3. BJS has an Educational Research wing, which develops and imple ment capacity

building programs in the field of education known a s Federation of Jain Educational

Institutes (FJEI). With a wide network of more than 2000 educational institutes, it is

revolutionizes the primary education in India by cr eating and implementing innovative

training programs for not only students and teacher s but also for the trustees of the

educational institutions.

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4. Some of the social service and disaster management projects handled by BJS during the past

20 years are:

• Var – Vadhu Sammelan – Mass match making and marria ges

• Counselling for anti – dowry, inter-caste marriages

• Plastic surgery camps

• Conducted a Peace march in Maharashtra to restore p eace after the Riots

• Relief measures during Lathur earthquake

• Relief measures during Jabalpur earthquake

• Relief in malnutrition affected areas

• Establishment of Wagholi Educational Rehabilitation Centre

• Relief measures during Gujarat earthquake

• Relief measures during Akola flood

• Relief measures during Tsunami disaster in Tamil Na du

• Educational and health rehabilitation projects in A ndaman & Nicobar Islands

• Relief measures during Mandhradevi Temple Stampede

• Relief measures during Maharashtra floods

• Providing shelters to the earthquake affected peopl e in Jammu & Kashmir

• Providing rehabilitation to 500 orphaned and affect ed children of Jammu &

Kashmir earthquake at WERC Pune

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EARTHQUAKES

5. Earthquake can be defined as a tremor of the surfac e of earth sometimes severe and

devastating, which results from shock waves generat ed by the movement of rock

masses deep within the Earth, particularly near the edges of moving tectonic plates . It

is a sudden movement of the Earth, caused by the abrupt release of strain that has

accumulated over a long time. Earthquake and its aftereffects are the most terrible and

destructive phenomena of nature.

6. There are mainly three types of earthquakes.

• Tectonic

• Volcanic

• Explosion

7. Tectonic earthquakes are triggered due to the movement of the Earth crust, which is made up

of several plates floating on the mantle. Volcanic earthquakes arise due to the explosive

eruption of volcanoes. Volcanic earthquakes will be confined to an area of 10 to 20 miles

around its base. Explosion earthquakes are result of the detonation of nuclear and chemical

devices.

TECTONIC PLATES

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GLOBAL PLATE MOTION

8. Richter Scale, which is a logarithmic scale, is use d to measure the magnitude of

earthquakes. American seismologist Charles F. Richt er invented it in 1935, to measure

the magnitude of seismic waves from an earthquake.

9. More than a million quakes occur annually. A large number of these earthquakes are

detected only by seismometers and cause no damage.

EARTHQUAKE FREQUENCY

Description Magnitude Frequency Per Year

Great 8.0+ 1

Major 7.0 - 7.9 18

Large (Destructive) 6.0 - 6.9 120

Moderate (Damaging) 5.0 - 5.9 1,000

Minor (Slight damage) 4.0 - 4.9 6,000

Generally felt 3.0 - 3.9 49,000

Potentially perceptible 2.0 - 2.9 300,000

Imperceptible Less than 2 600,000

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DEADLIEST EARTHQUAKES IN HISTORY (Source: USGS)

MAJOR EARTHQUAKES IN INDIA

Rank Name Date Location Fatalities Magnitude 1 “Shaanxi” 23rd Jan 1556 China 830,000 ~8

2 “Tang Shan” 27th July 1976 China 255,000 7.5

3 “Indian Ocean” 26th Dec 2004 Sumatra 230,000 9.0-9 .3

4 “Gansu” 16th Dec 1920 China 200,000 8.6

5 “Tsinghai” 22nd May1927 China 200,000 7.9

7 "Kanto" 1st Sep 1923 Japan 143,000 7.9

8 "Ashgabat" 6th Oct 1948 Turkmenistan 110,000 7.3

9 "Kashmir" 8th Oct 2005 Kashmir 100,000 (estimated ) 7.8

Year Area Date (L.S.T) Time

hr:m:s

Latitude: Degrees North

Longitude: Degrees

East Magnitude Deaths

1819 Gujarat (Kuchchh) 16th Jan Mid Night 8.0 Thousands

1833 Bihar-Nepal 26th Aug 27.5 86.5 7.7 Hundreds

1897 Assam (Shillong) 12th Jun 16:36 25.9 91 8.7 1600

1905 Himachal Pradesh(kangra) 4th April 06:20 32.5 76.5 8.0 20,000

1930 Assam(Dhubri) 13th July 02:33:34 25.8 90.2 7.1 <100

1934 Bihar-Nepal 15th Jan 14:13:26 26.6 86.8 8.3 14,000

1941 Andamans 26th Jan 12.4 92.5 8.0 <100

1943 Assam 23rd Oct 22:53:17 26.8 94 7.2

1950 Assam 15th Aug. 19.39.28 28.7 96.6 8.6 1500

1956 Gujarat (Anjar) 21st Jul 21.02.36 23.3 70 7.0 Hundreds

1956 Uttar Pradesh (Bullandshahar) 10th Oct 28.1 77.7 6.7 <100

1958 Uttar Pradesh (Kapkote) 28th Dec 30 80 6.3 <100

1960 Delhi 27th Aug 21.28.59 28.3 77.4 6.0

1963 Kashmir (Badgam) 2nd Sep 07.04.32 33.9 74.7 5.5 Hundreds

1966 Western Nepal-Uttaranchal 27th Jun 29.5 81 6.3

1966 Uttar Pradesh (Moradabad) 15th Aug. 28 79 5.3

1967 Nicobar 2nd Jul 9.0 93.4 6.2

1967 Maharashtra (koyna) 11th Dec 04.21.19 17.4 73.7 6.5 200

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1970 Andhra Pradesh (Bhadrachalam) 13th Apr 17.6 80.6 6.5

1970 Gujarat (Broach) 23th Mar 07.23.03 21.7 72.9 5.7

1975 Himachal Pradesh 19th Jan 32.5 78.4 6.5

1988 Bihar-Nepal 21st Aug 04.39.10 26.76 86.62 6.6 1003

1990 Kerala(Palakkad) 8th Feb 10.7 76.7 6.0

1991 Uttaranchal (Uttarkashi) 20th Oct 02.53 30.75 78.86 6.6 768

1993 Maharashtra (killari) 30th Sep 03.55.47 18.07 76.62 6.3 7928

1997 Jabalpur 22th May 04.22.31 23.1 80.1 6.0 38

1999 Chamoli 29th Mar 00.35.00 30.49 77.29 103

2001 Kachchh 26th Jan 08.46.43 23.4 70.28 6.9ML 13811

MAJOR EARTHQUAKES IN INDIA - MAP

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SEISMIC ZONATION MAP

10. Generally two approaches are followed during the preparation of seismic zoning maps. In the

first approach, zones are outlined based on data on past earthquake occurrence. The first

seismic zoning map published in 1962(IS 1893-1962) by Indian Standard Institution had more

or less followed this approach.

11. In the second approach, emphasis is laid on geotectonic set up so that the portrayal of

seismicity has genetic significance and estimates of intensity of earthquake are consistent

with the geological cause, seismotectonic framework and pattern of earthquake occurrence in

each seismic zone.

SEISMIC ZONATION MAP OF INDIA

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GUJARAT EARTHQUAKE

Date

26 –01 –2001

Origin time (IST) 08:46:41.8

Latitude 23.41 N

Longitude 70.23 E Magnitude (Ms) 7. 6

Focal Length 16 Km Geographical Location 76 Km East of Bhuj

12. On January 26th, 2001, as the colorful Republic Day parades got under way the

continent reverberated to the worst earthquake in I ndia’s history measuring 7.6 in the

Richter scale. The epicenter in the northern province of Gujarat was a scene of devastation.

The city of Bhuj where 150,000 people lived was tur ned into rubble with hardly a

building left standing. Businesses were ruined; infrastructure torn apart and basic services

were rendered now non-existent. The physical damage is apparent but the human cost is yet

to be counted with tens of thousands of people killed and injured and whole communities

wiped out . India's national day will long be remembered as a d ay of sorrow.

EARTHQUAKE AFFECTED AREAS

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IMPACT OF EARTHQUAKE

13. The Mw7.6 Bhuj earthquake that shook the Indian Province of Gujarat on the morning of

January 26, 2001 is one of the two most deadly earthquakes to strike India in its recorded

history. About 7633 villages in 21 (out of 25) districts of Gujarat were affected to varying

degrees. The districts most affected were Kuchchh, Surendranagar, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Patan

and Ahmedabad. About 30% of the state’s population was affected. The Geographical area

affected was more than that of Haryana and Kerala together.

DIRECT LOSSES

a. Damage to Buildings, fatalities, and ca sualties:

Total Casualties: 13,811

Total Injured: 1,66,836

Seriously Injured: 20,717

Affected Areas:

Districts: 21 out of 25

Villages: 7633 out of 18,356

Population affected: 16.04 million

Damage to Houses:

Houses Totally collapsed or destroyed: 2,33,660

Houses Partially damaged: 9,71,538

Total houses damaged: 1.2 million

Community buildings to be repaired/Reco nstructed

Anganwadis: 3186

Women Hostels/crèches: 85

General hospitals: 3

Other Health Buildings: 1930

School rooms: 20,000

b. Damage to Infrastructure:

Telecommunication

14. Kuchchh district cut-off from the rest of the state and country due to massive break down of

telecommunication links. All 147 telephone exchanges of Kuchchh, 25 exchanges of Rajkot, 4

exchanges of Jamnagar, and 3 exchanges of Surendranagar were severely damaged. 11

persons lost their lives and 15 injured.

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Power

15. 45 sub stations of Kuchchh district either totally destroyed or seriously damaged. Supply to

255 feeders affected, 9 towns and 925 villages blacked out.

Water supply

16. 10 Towns of Kuchchh and 8 towns in Rajkot, Jamnagar, Ahmedabad and Surendranagar

were adversely affected. Villages in these areas faced serious disruption of water supply.

Health

11. 281-bed District Hospital and 16-bed Mental Hospital at Bhuj completely destroyed. 42

Primary Health Centers, 227 sub-centers and 42 Community Health Centers reduced to

rubble.

Roads and Railway Links

12. Surajbari Bridge linking Kuchchh district to Rajkot damaged thus affecting relief operations.

Railway tracks between Dharangadhra and Nalia (330km) seriously damaged. Palampur -

Samkhiyali track (210km) affected. Hapa - Okha line damaged.

INDIRECT LOSSES

• Increased operational expenditure in a given sector due to the destruction of physical

infrastructure.

• Additional costs incurred in providing transportation when alternate routes were

longer than the normal routes.

• Increased cost of providing services.

• Loss of Corporate income as a result of the inability to provide services, such as

utilities.

• Loss of personal income as result of total or partial loss of an individual’s means of

livelihood.

• Unexpected expenditures related to health and hygiene.

• Loss of production of industry destroyed, and to others associated with it through supplies and

purchases.

Estimated Direct Loss:

Rs. 15,308 Crore (US do llar 3,364 million)

Estimated Indirect Loss:

Rs. 3,047 Crore (US dollar 670 million)

Estimated loss in terms of long-te rm impact on Development:

Rs. 10,067 Crore (US do llar 2,213 million)

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WORST AFFECTED AREAS OF GUJARAT

WORST AFFECTED AREAS OF GUJARAT- MAP

District Taluka

Bhuj

Anjar

Bhachau

Rapar

Kuchchh

Gandhidham

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad City

Rajkot Morbi

Jodiya Jamnagar

Dhrol

- 12 -

17. Bhuj, situated close to the epicenter, was the most devastated town. Over a million

structures were damaged or destroyed, including man y historic buildings and tourist

attractions. Considerable damage occurred also at Bhachau. In Ahmedabad, Gujarat's

commercial capital and a city of 4.5 million, as many as 50 multistory buildings collapsed and

several hundred people were killed. The quake destroyed 75 percent of kutch.

18. A research project which had been undertaken to look into the causes and propose future

course of measures in building construction and planning for minimum destruction put forward

these major observations about the damages..

• Anjar, Bhachau, Adhoi, Vondh settlements were total ly collapsed.

• Buildings with Random Rubble masonry got totally co llapsed.

• The buildings in dressed stone and in other RCC wor ks with proper details were

standing with minor cracks.

• Mostly non-engineered and multistoried buildings on stilts with projections and

ornamentation were totally collapsed.

• In the collapsed buildings the detailing of reinfor cement in columns & beams were

not adequate for seismic considerations.

• The newly constructed buildings with poor detailing and lackof reinforcement also

got damaged.

• In some cases the openings were large in area and l intel level became the

vulnerable line of damage.

Damaged water tank

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Damaged bridge on Bachau - Bhuj road

Collapsed building

View of Voundh village, which falls on main road from Gandhidham to Bhachau

- 14 -

RESCUE, RELIEF AND

REHABILITATION

BY

BHARATIYA JAIN SANGHATANA

(BJS)

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HOW BJS AID CAME TO GUJARAT

PERSONAL ACCOUNT BY MR. PRAFULLA PARAKH

Shri. Prafulla Parakh along with Shri. Shantilalji Mutta,

Shri. Sureshdadaji Jain, Shri. S.C. Dungarwal & Shr i. Bhandari

19. It was through the normal ‘News’ channels that BJS Headquarters at Pune got to know of the

Gujarat Earthquake, which struck Gujarat on 26th Jan.

20. The very next day, 27th Jan, Mr.Shantilalji Muttha held a meeting of the s taff and

students of WERC (Wagholi Education Rehabilitation Center). It may be pertinent to

recall that the students of WERC were those children who had suffered due to the Latur

Earthquake and had been rehabilitated by Mr. Muttha at WERC. Mr. Muttha’s aim was that

let one earthquake affected person help another ear thquake affected person. Based on

the meeting, mixed teams, each comprising 10 persons including students and teachers were

formed to go and render aid at Gujarat. List of relief material to be carried in terms of food,

medicine and other essential items were also given.

21. On the same day, 27th Jan, Mr. Muttha contacted people at Mumbai to provide the required

relief materials. In particular he contacted the Indian Chamber of Commerce and

requested for Food, water, clothing, milk powder and even footwear. Truckloads of these

items were sent Directly from Mumbai to the affected areas.

22. On the third day ie, 29th jan. Mr. Muttha along with the WERC teams reached Gujarat. He also

contacted ‘Volunteers’ who were requested to come to Gujarat in their own vehicles. 400

volunteers reached the next day. Mr. Prafulla parakh was requested to be located at the BJS

HQ, Pune and co-ordinate the relief work. Two BJS camps were set up one at Samkhiyali

and the other at Bhachau. Mr. Muttha hiself located at the Bhachau camp.

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23. After assessing the damage Mr. Muttha decided that while other agencies carrie d out

normal rescue and relief he would based on his Latu r experience go in for the

immediate reconstruction and restarting of 50 schoo ls, so that the education of the

children did not suffer. He visited the damaged school at Samkhiyali and ordered the

reconstruction to start the same day . Mr. Dhanraj Chopra and Mr. Tejmal Gandhi

headed the reconstruction team. There were no construction material or laborer available

locally; everything had to be got from Ahmedabad. While the school was under

construction Mr. Mutttha organized village meetings and motivated the villagers to send their

children to school, so that their education was not disrupted.

24. In a symbolic move the Samkhiyali School constructed by BJS volunteers was

inaugurated on the 13 th day after the earthquake. As per Hindu custom, after a tragedy

there is a ceremony on the 13th day, to mark the ‘getting over of grief period’ and signaling the

restarting of the normal worldly life. By the same token the inauguration of the school on the

13th day was to convey the need for getting on with life and putting the tragic past behind.

25. For the inauguration Mr. Muttha invited Shri. Suresh Dadaji Jain, former minister of

Maharashtra and trustee of BJS. Mr. Jain was so impressed by the project that he declared

that instead of the proposed 50, he would help to establish 500 schools.

26. Mr. Jain decided to to stay with Mr. Muttha and help in the establishment of Schools and other

relief work. Mr. Jain first went back to Jalgaon and donated Rs. 1crore for this purpose, also

in the next one and a half days he collected 5.5 crores and came back to Gujarat with over

6.5 crores to help in the project. He formed a new trust, ‘Jalgaon Khandesh Education

Rehabilitation Trust’ to work along with BJS. Both trusts work together and executed Projects

worth approx 12-13 crores.

Shri. Shantilalji Muttha & Shri. Suresh Dadaji Jain alo ng with other dignitaries

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Shri. Sharad Pawar along with Shri S. Muttha &

Shri. Suresh Dada Jai n on his visit to BJS relief camp

27. For the first 15 days BJS volunteers cooked and distributed food. Thereafter BJS issued the

‘Ration Cards’, by which Dry rations could be collected from the BJS camp, and the

collectorate staff made extensive use of BJS facilities such as communication, Fax machines

and computers.

28. BJS volunteers were instructed by Mr. Muttha to carry out a survey of the damaged schools

and for this purpose teams comprising 5-6 persons were sent to specific areas. In a day 25

such teams were sent out and they worked from 6am to 10 pm. BJS volunteers used their

vehicles, the fuel however was provided by the government. During the survey the teams

interacted with the village Surpanch and schoolteachers and took written undertakings from

them stating that they would run the schools once they were reconstructed. The survey

included the availability of the teachers, students and facilities. Based on the survey 700

schools were taken for reconstruction.

29. Mr. Bhawarlalji Jain, A trustee of BJS, prepared a standard design for the schools . The

design was based on a single storied Prefab structure with a concrete plinth and a roof of

polycarbonate Sheet. 368 such schools were constructed within 90 days.

30. After a month Mr. Muttha returned to Pune for a week. During this time and during such

subsequent visits of Mr. Muttha to Pune, he was relieved by Mr. Prafulla parakh. Mr. Muttha

stayed in Gujarat along with Mr. Suresh Dada Jain f or six months.

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Shri. Suresh Dadaji jain with Shri. Shantilalji Muttha in the relief camp

31. During this period Mr. Muttha stayed in a simple te nt with out normal Toilet facilities .

For a bath he used to walk to a Daba about 1km away, where there was a tap in the open. It

was by sharing the hard living conditions along wit h his volunteers, that Mr. Muttha

besides providing normal relief to the earthquake v ictims reconstructed and restarted

educational institutions. This was the major contri bution of BJS.

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RESCUE, RELIEF AND REHABILITATION BY BHARATIYA JAIN SANGHATANA (BJS)

RESCUE & RELIEF

19. On 29th Jan, Shri Shantilalji Muttha along with his team o f students and teachers from

the Wagholi Education Rehabilitation Center reached Gujarat for the relief operations.

Since many of the team members had gone through the agonizing experiences of the

earthquake disaster once in their life, their dedication and morale level was very high. A

dedicated team of 400 BJS volunteers from Malkapur, Sillod, Aurangabad, Hinganghat,

Nanded and Sangamner also reached Gujarat for the a id of the affected people. Relief

centers were set up at various places. Bhachau and Samkhiyali was the two major centers.

Temporary shelter

20. BJS made arrangements to provide cooked food, cloth es and medicines to 30,000

people on a daily basis 1. Arrangements were also made for cremating the dea d bodies.

BJS volunteers cremating the dead

1 Refers: CD No: 12 ; Pt No: 2 ; Sub: BJS role & exper ience in Gujarat

- 20 -

Shri. Shantilalji Muttha in the relief camp

BJS volunteers providing food & water to the earthqu ake affected people

Shri. Sunil Dutt, Union Cabinet Minister for Youth Af fairs and Sports

along with Shri. Shantilalji Muttha, on his visit to BJS relief camp.

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MEDICAL AID

21. After the preliminary surveys BJS found that there existed two functional hospitals with 80

beds each, owned by Dr. Chotubhai Ajmera of the Ajmera Group from Mumbai, in Vaswad, a

village near Rajkot. BJS sent a group of medical practitioners, general surgeons,

orthopedic surgeons, etc to Vaswad from Pune.

22. Armed with equipment and medicines these doctors st arted work with great zeal. After

5 days of exhausting work they returned to Pune and another batch of doctors from

Jalgaon and Nanded left for Gujarat to continue the medical aid.

23. On 30th & 31st Jan 2001, BJS organized blood donation camps in Pune, in association with the

Gujarat medical relief work.

BJS VOLUNTEERS PROVIDING MEDICAL AID

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REHABILITATION

24. After the immediate rescue and relief operations, B JS attention focused on the

rehabilitation activities. Children were the main f ocus area . Having experience of working

in such situations, BJS knew that education rehabilitation is one of the ways for the se

affected children to cope with the stress and traum a that they are facing in the wake of

such a calamity. If the schools do not reopen at th e earliest…

• The children will be exposed to the horrifying sigh ts of debris and bodies

lying around which will leave a scar on their minds forever.

• As the children become used to running after the ve hicles carrying the

relief material, the concept of self-esteem and ind ependency will

gradually disappear from their minds.

• Without schooling they will become lazy, and the ex cess time in hands

could be misused.

• The interest in studies will be reduced and dropout s will increase.

25. Discussions were held with leading psychiatrists, educationalists, government officials and

other eminent people. The unanimous decision was to restart education on a priority basis as

an immediate as well as a long-term solution to the problem. Rebuilding schools would be

helpful in rebuilding their future itself. Time was the main limiting factor. The schools

had not only to be built but also to be built in an amazingly short period of time

26. As a policy decision BJS decided not to shift the a ffected children of Gujarat to Pune.

The reasons being..

• Pune is in Maharashtra, a different state.

• The educational syllabi differ.

• The medium of education is different.

• There is a vast difference in languages as a medium of communication.

• Pune is separated by a vast distance from Bhuj, Gujarat.

• The number of children affected by the earthquake was very high.

• To organize teachers who can teach in Gujarati in Pune would be quite difficult.

- 23 -

27. One- to- one interactions and discussions were held between Gramsabhas, villagers,

teachers and students. The idea that children need to be engaged in something

positive rather than witnessing dead bodies, destru ction, sadness, etc. was conveyed

to them through proper counseling 2.

28. Just after 12 days from the day of the disaster, on February 7 th the first school raised

out of the ruins at Samkhiyali, near Bhachau. The response was clearly visible in the

form of attendance, which were encouraging, 500 on the first day itself. Books &

accessories were distributed in the school. The sch ool was constructed in such a way

that it would last for 5 to 10 years. This school h appened to be the first school to have

been constructed and become operative in such a sho rt time period.

Temporary school set up made by BJS at Samkhiyali

29. Influenced by the work done by BJS Shri. Sureshdada ji Jain, M.L.A the former Minister

of Maharashtra set up a relief trust called Jalgaon Khandesh Earthquake Rehabilitation

Trust (JKERT) for the Gujarat relief work. BJS and JKERT decided to work together and

took up the challenging task of rebuilding the schools. Shri. Suresh Dadaji Jain mobilized

Rupees 7.5 crore for this project from Jalgaon, thr ough JKERT .

31. A systematic and organized survey in Kuchchh and th ree districts of Saurashtra :-

Rajkot, Surendranagar and Jamnagar covering 469 vil lages was conducted of which

275 villages were identified to start the work of s chool reconstruction.

2 Refers: CD No: 12 ; Pt No: 3 ; Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat

- 24 -

SURVEY AREA - MAP

SURVEY - EARTHQUAKE AFFECTED AREAS

Sr.No. District Taluka No. of Villages 1 Kachchh Bhachau 76 2 Bhuj 75 3 Anjar 76 4 Rapar 51 5 Mandavi 16 6 Mundra 31 7 Naliya 2 8 Nakhtrana 18 9 Gandhi dham 3 10 Rajkot Maliya 46 11 Morbi 45 12 Tankara 5 13 Surendranagar Halvad 2 14 Limdi 1 15 Jamnagar Jodiya 22

Total 469

- 25 -

32. A detailed survey report of 600 pages was prepared. The survey resulted in a list of the

number of schools destroyed and the type and amount of destruction, the names and phone

numbers of the principal and teachers, number of class rooms, number of teachers and

students, etc.

Ongoing the survey by BJS volunteers

30. Plans for building primary and secondary schools were prepared. The total number of

schools that need to be built was 614, with a total of 1,468 rooms that would

accommodate 1,32,339 students.

31. BJS approached the World Bank Team with the school construction proposal. Their

suggestion was that the construction should be earthquake and cyclone resistant.

32. Well known Ahmedabad based architect B.V Joshi, Kes hav Desai from Pune and

Shirish Barve from Jalgaon were consulted on the sp ecific design and use of material

for the schools so as to ensure that it was light weight and quake and cyclone

resistant 3. The specific design incorporated:

• R.C.C plinth

• Aerocon sandwich panels for walls

• Pre-fabricated steel

• Polycarbonate corrugate sheets for roof

3 Refers: CD No: 12; Pt No:4; Sub: BJS role & experien ce in Gujarat

- 26 -

KEY PLAN FOR 10 CLASS ROOM SCHOOL

- 27 -

KEY PLAN FOR 8 CLASS ROOM SCHOOL

KEY PLAN FOR 4 CLASS ROOM SCHOOL

- 28 -

KEY PLAN FOR 6 CLASS ROOM SCHOOL

33. After deciding the material, the cost was calculated. Each room at 384 sq. ft. cost Rs

99,840/- The total cost of Gujarat Educational Reha bilitation Project was calculated to

be 14 crores.

34. Aerocon sandwich panels procured from Hyderabad In dustries Ltd. were made up of

two plain cement sheets on either sides of lightwei ght concrete core material with

tongue and groove jointing system . They are considered to be most ideal for internal and

external applications, which are simple to erect, light in weight, strong and du rable, water

and termite proof and when used for external applications will last for 25 to 30 years. Even

though it was costlier than normal building materia ls BJS opted for it because they did

not want to compromise on quality of the material a nd welfare of the students.

35. The Polycarbonate corrugate sheets manufactured by a Jalgaon (Maharashtra) based

firm were diverted to Gujarat in large quantities a fter securing special permission from

government.

36. With the cooperation of local village headman, principal, teachers and parents, the site and

permission for erecting the school was obtained. Written no objection certificates were

obtained in a way that when regular school buildings were built, temporary scho ol

buildings of BJS would be returned to BJS .

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37. BJS extended an invitation to the community to sponsor the classrooms. Very positive

responses were obtained from Media and political parties also4.

38. Laborers were not available since many of them were migrated or disabled or living off the

relief supplies by government or NGOs. BJS sent construction team from Pune & Mumbai

and JKERT fromJalgaon 5.

39. Nationalist congress party leader Shri Sharad Pawar , vice chair - person of the National

committee on Natural Disasters visited Bhachau and spent nearly 4 hours with the BJS

volunteers going over the plans for the project. He was so impressed by the work that

being done by BJS that he offered a donation of Rs. 50 lakh for the education

rehabilitation work.

Shri. Sharad Pawar along with Shri. Shantilalji Muttha &

Shri.Suresh Dadaji Jain on his visit to BJS relief cam p

40. A formula was worked out called ‘formula 44’, under which a team of 44 experts

including civil engineers, electricians, supervisor s, masons, carpenters and other

skilled personnel were sent to Gujarat with assista nce from the Promoters and

Builders Association of Pune.

41. In a record time of 90 days, BJS constructed 368 sc hools on R. C plinths using

Aerocon sheets for walls and Polycarbonate sheets f or the roof 6. Quality education

was guaranteed to 1,25,000 students who came back t o school.

4 Refers: CD No: 12: Pt No:7; Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat 5 Refers: CD No: 12: Pt No:5; Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat 6 Refers: CD No:12; Pt No:6; Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat

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INAUGURAL CEREMONY…

Shri. Shantilal Muttha Along with Shri. Rasiklal Dariwal,

Shri. Dheerubhai Shah & other d ignitaries During the Inaugural

Ceremony of Ananda Marga H.S. Bui lding, Gandhi dham.

42. These 368 schools were handed over to the governmen t of Gujarat on June 3 rd and 4 th,

2001, at the auspicious hands of the then Hon. Prim e Minister, Shri. Atal Bihari

Vajpayee and then Hon. Home Minister, Shri. Lal Kri shna Advani .

HANDING OVER CEREMONY…

From left: Shri. Kashiram Rana, Shri. Shantilal Muttha , Shri. Sureshdada Jain,

Shri. Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Shri. Lal Krishna Advani, Shri. Keshubhai Patel.

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CHART OF CONSTRUCTED SHOOLS

(Project Completed on 15 th June 2001)

Sr. No Name of Taluka No. of Villages No. of Schools No. of Rooms No. of Students

1 Bhachau 14 34 110 8,749

2 Bhuj 35 62 206 18,774

3 Anjar 13 42 122 4,525

4 Rapar 6 13 30 3,119

5 Mandvi 11 19 34 2,106

6 Mundra 18 47 58 6,510

7 Naliya 2 7 12 1,056

8 Nakhatrana 10 15 28 2,696

9 Gandhi dham 2 23 162 14,398

10 Maliya 30 45 108 9,011

11 Morbi 26 53 90 9,532

12 Limdi 1 8 44 3,725

Total 168 368 1004 1,12201

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SCHOOLS RECONSTRUCTED BY BHARATIYA JAIN SANGHATANA (BJS)

Mount Carmel H.S, Gandhi dham D.V.H.S, Anjar

Anand Marg H.S, Gandhi dham Swami Naray an Gurukul, Gandhi dham

RE-OPENING DAY…

Indirabhai Girl’s H.S, Bhuj

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ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION

• After the disaster, Gujarat government declared a 7-month holiday with out considering

the psychological impact on children due to closure of schools under such traumatic

conditions . The wisdom of such action on the part of government needs to be debated 7.

• The possibility of any government / public participatio n (50-50 partnership) in

reconstruction after disasters is another issue to be discussed8.

• Government compensation to disaster hit people needs to be studied with a sense of fairness

to all. The government’s monitory compensation to rebuild d amaged houses is often

spent on personal needs. Many a times, the compensa tions are claimed fraudulently in

the name of the family members who are not residents of that village9.

• It was noticed that due to frustration aroused after the disaster and a lso due to the

availability of money from compensation there was a n increase in the consumption of

liquor 10.

7 Refers: CD No: 12 Pt No:8 Sub: State Admini stration 8 Refers: CD No: 12 Pt No:9 Sub: St ate Administration 9 Refers: CD No: 12 Pt No:10 Sub: State Administration 10 Refers: CD No: 12 Pt No:11 Sub: State Administration

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PROBLEMS FACED

PROBLEMS RELATED TO STATE ADMINISTRATION

• Since government offered monetary compensation to r ebuild houses , and there is an

opportunity to spend it for personal needs, the NGO’s offer to provide the reconstruction

free of cost to the affected population was not wel comed by them. 11

• Government denied the payment of Promised re-imburs ement of 50% construction

cost for work done in 368 schools. BJS had to make a writ-petition to the high court to

claim its promised 50% reimbursement. But the result was not favorable and BJS lost the

case12.

• There was no coordination between the government de partments like education, PWD,

finance, Health, Revenue etc. during disaster management work13.

• Due to absence of single window clearance there arose problems of procedural delay

and this adversely affected the medical relief work since the expiry dates of medicines were

over.14

PROBLEMS RELATED TO LOGISTICS

• Laborers were not available after the disaster since many of them had migrated, became

disabled or were living off the relief supplies by government or NGOs.

• BJS got some workers from nearby areas like Morvi a nd Rajkot, but almost 60% of

them ran away fearing another major earthquake.

• There was a shortage of construction material

• Since there was shortage of laborers and construction materials BJS had to bring them from

Pune

• Construction Machineries were not available according to the need.

• The materials that BJS procured for the school reco nstruction were stolen during the

night hours.

• There was no provision for water and electricity and BJS had to buy generators before

they started work.

11 Refers: CD No:12 Pt No:10 Sub: State Administration 12 Refers: CD No:11 Pt No: 3 Sub: BJS r ole & experience in Gujarat 13 Refers: CD No:11 Pt No:2 Sub: State Administration 14 Refers: CD No:11 Pt No: 5 Sub: BJS r ole & experience in Gujarat

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APPRECIATION RECEIVED

• Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the then Prime Minister o f India appreciated the efforts

undertaken by BJS to reconstruct 368 schools within a short time span of 90 days.

• UNICEF Chief, Mr. Peter was astonished by the treme ndous work done by BJS in

Bachhau and other places after the disaster and sai d that it was a miracle.

• Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) leader, Shri. Shar ad Pawar was very much

impressed by the education rehabilitation work of B JS and he offered monetary

support.

• Shri. Anandiben Patel, the then Minister of Educati on, Gov. of Gujarat well

appreciated the efforts undertaken by the organizat ion, their timely intervention as

well as fulfillment of the requirement of the Educa tion Department of Gujarat of

temporary classrooms.

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LESSONS LEARNT

• To avoid unfavorable situations in DM there should be proper planning by NGOs

and Government.

• Streamlining the systems in DM is necessary 15.

• There should be proper coordination between the dep artments involved in DM

activities.

• Single window clearance is necessary to avoid proce dural delay.

• There is a need to initiate a dialogue with the mil itary to prepare a baseline for

coordination and interaction in future disasters 16.

• A detailed Map of the disaster area should be avail able beforehand.

• Training should be given to NGOs in preventive and protective health measures at

the disaster sites for issues arising from disposin g dead bodies, prevention of

epidemics and contamination problems, etc 17.

• Proper measures should be taken for casualty evacu ation and road, rail and air

transportation to hospitals for treatment.

• A database of medical specialists, facilities, etc. should be available beforehand 18.

• Communication equipment, routine and alternate faci lities are essential for disaster

management 19.

15 Refers: CD No: 11 Pt No: 4 Sub: BJS role & experien ce in Gujarat 16 Refers: CD No: 11 Pt No: 6 Sub: Rol e of Defense in DM 17 Refers: CD No: 11 Pt No: 7 Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat 18 Refers: CD No: 11 Pt No: 8 Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat 19 Refers: CD No: 11 Pt No: 9 Sub: BJS role & experience in Gujarat

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PROMINENT DONORS

• Shri. Sharad Pawar

(President, Garware Club House, Mumbai)

• Shri. Balasheb Thakarey

(Chief, Shiv Sena, Mumbai)

• Shri. Anna Hazare

(Chairman, CAPART Regional Center, Ahmedabad)

• Shri. Deepchand Gardi

(Trustee, BJS)

• Shri. Mafatlal Mehta

(Trustee, BJS)

• Shri. Sureshdada Jain

(Chairman JKERT, Jalgaon & Trustee BJS)

• Shri. Vijay Darda

(CMD, Lokmat Newspapers Group, Nagpur)

• Shri. Suresh Prabhu

(Shiv Sena)

• Shri. Rasiklal Dhariwal

(CMD, Manikchand Group, Pune)

• Shri. Bhavarlal Jain

(Trustee, BJS)

• Shri. R.C.Bafna

(Member, National Executive Committee, BJS)

• Shri. Rajaneekant Kothari

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Purushottam Patil

(Jalgaon People’s Co-operation Bank Ltd.)

• Dr. Avinash Acharya

(Founder President, Jalgaon Janata Sahakari Bank Ltd.)

• Shri. Ishwarlal Jain

(R.L Group, Jalgaon)

• Shri. Mottichand Kotecha

(Bhusawal)

• Shri. Laxmichand Chaudhari

(Jalgaon Muncipal Council)

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• Shri. Harinarayanan Rathi

(President, Jalgaon Merchants Co-operative Bank Ltd.)

• Shri. Sharadchandra Lathi

(President, High Power Committee, Jalgaon Krishi Utpanna Bazar Samiti)

• Shri. Chhabilbhai Shah

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Pradeep Raisoni & Family

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Rajabhau Mayur

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Nanasaheb Wani

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Anil Kale

(Akshav Constructions, Jalgaon)

• Shri. Gurumukhbhai Jagwani

(Jalgaon)

• Shri. Mafatraj Munot

(Mumbai)

• Shri. Sugalchand Jain

(Trustee, BJS)

• Shri. Kantilal H Jain

(Trustee, BJS)

• Shri. Rajesh Fulfagar

(President, Pune Merchants Chamber, Pune)

• Shri. Rikhabdas Bhansali

(President, Shri Shwetambar Sthanakwasi Jain Sabha, Kolkatta)

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DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE

ON

BJS ROLE & EXPERIENCE IN GUJARAT

• CDs – BJS CDs (13 Nos) narrated by Shri. Shantilal Muttha. CDs 11 & 12 describe BJS

role & experience in Gujarat after earthquake.

• NEWS PAPER REPORTS – There are a number of newspaper reports available in

English, Hindi and Marati languages, which give the information regarding BJS role and

experience in Gujarat.

• PHOTOGRAPHS –Gujarat photo albums numbered 1 to 11 contain photographs

related to Gujarat disaster management work.

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NEWSPAPER REPORTS

RELATED TO

BHARATIYA JAIN SANGHATANA (BJS)

GUJARAT DISASTER MANAGEMENT WORK

AFTER

EARTHQUAKE 2001

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RESCUE AND RELIEF BY

OTHER AGENCIES

• CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EFFORTS

• FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

• GUJARAT STATE GOVERNMENT EFFORTS

• ASSISTANCE BY OTHER STATE GOVERNMENTS

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RESCUE & RELIEF - CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EFFORTS

Management

• Prime Minister of India visited the earthquake-affected areas of Gujarat on 29.01.2001.

• One IL 76 aircraft with 35 MT of relief material including wheel chairs, stretchers, medicines,

water purifiers, fruits, etc left for Bhuj on 29-01-2001.

• NDM Control Room of Department of Agriculture & Cooperation made functional round the

clock.

• The Prime Minister held a Cabinet Meeting on 26th January 2001 to review earthquake

situation in Gujarat.

• A High Level Team headed by Home Minister also visited Gujarat to assess the damage and

help rescue activities.

• A high level team led by Defense Minister reached Gujarat on 27th January 2001 early

morning to assess the relief and rescue operations.

• JS (NDM) & Additional Central Relief Commissioner from DAC visited Bhuj on 26th January to

supervise relief / rehabilitation.

• Cabinet Secretary held daily meetings of Natural Crisis Management Committee (NCMC) to

review the damage and to assist the State Government for relief and rescue operations.

• Secretary, Department of Agriculture & Co-operation were briefing the Press regularly about

the relief / rescue operations being carried out by various agencies.

• Central Team consisting of 20 doctors, officers of Department of Telecom and Department of

Agriculture and Co-operation and IMD reached Bhuj at 19.00 hours on 26.01.2001 carrying

relief material.

Defence

• 300 medical personnel, 4100 rescue teams / personnel deployed by Armed Forces in a big

way for rescue, relief and medical help.

• 3000 blankets, 2310 tents and 340 beds and 4 ambulances were sent.

• 16 helicopters located in the vicinity of Bhuj were used effectively for relief / rescue operations

and evacuation of injured persons.

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Border Security Force (BSF)

• All BSF units in Gujarat directed to provide needful assistance, tents, medicines and water

tankers.

• Relief material comprising heavy vehicles, tent, tarpaulin, tent store, water tankers etc., sent

to Bhuj and Ahmedabad on 26.1.2001.

Central Industrial Security Force (CISF ):

• Two Teams of 10 rescue personnel and 17 communication personnel of CISF deployed at

Bhuj.

• 3 Coy deployed at Bhuj, 03 coys Ahemedabad, 01 coy at Morvi and 02 coys at Kandla and 01

coy at Mehsana.

Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF):

• All Coys in Gujarat directed to provide all necessary assistance in relief/rehabilitation work of

State Government.

• 7 Coys of CRPF / RAF personnel, 2 doctors along with relief material and medicines, health-

kit deployed.

Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)

• 4000 Blankets, 150 tents and other materials were arranged for assistance.

FINANCE

• The relief material supplied for earthquake victims exempted from Customs/Excise Duty.

• The Prime Minister announced financial assistance of Rs.500 crores during his visit to the

affected areas on 29th January 2001.

FOOD

• Dept. of Food and Public Distribution issued orders for release of 1 lakh MT of wheat and

10,000 MT of levy sugar to Gujarat.

• 16.6 MTs food packets sent to Bhuj by Food Corporation of India.

• Hindustan Zinc also supplied food packets.

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• NAFED directed their Ahmedabad Branch to extend full support and cooperation. Jaipur

Branch instructed to organize distribution of Rice, Daal and Atta packets in severely affected

areas in / around Bhuj.

• Government of Punjab offered ready-made food to 1.00 Lakh persons daily.

CLOTHING AND TENTS

• 92,000 blankets air lifted to Gujarat

• Arrangements were also made to air lift additional 57,000 blankets.

• 8210 tents supplied and further arrangements were made for additional tents to Ahmedabad /

Bhuj.

• Government of Punjab offered 10,000 tents.

MEDICAL

• 60 doctors and 4 Para–medics central medical teams from DGHS, Dr. RML and Safdarjung

hospitals, AIIMS, PGI, Chandigarh were sent on 26th & 27th January 2001.

• 5 Public Health Specialists from NICD & NAMP checked the out-break of any epidemic.

• Union Minister for Health, Secretary (Health) and Additional Director General (Health

Services) visited Gujarat on 27th January 2001.

• One Team of 10 doctors from Govt. of Haryana reached Bhuj on 27th.

• 30 doctors on 26th January and 70 doctors on 27th January reached by air for Bhuj, from

Maharashtra.

• 12 doctors from AIIMS, New Delhi reached Gujarat.

• Medicines, disposable syringes, IV fluids, dressing items, etc. were sent from Dr. RML

Hospital, CGHS, Safdurjung Hospital and Lady Harding Medical College on 26th, 27th and 28th

January 2001.

• IRCS supplied 70 units of blood from Delhi, 35,000 blankets, 100 stretchers, and 900

sweaters (from Chennai).

• 10 beds each at RMLH, SJH, LHMC and 15 beds in AIIMS were earmarked for special

treatment of earthquake victims. Ambulances of these hospitals were kept in alert to transport

the patients.

• Evacuation of injured persons carried out.

• Army and Navy established makeshift hospitals.

• 200 Conservancy staff from Mumbai was airlifted.

• A team of 37 doctors from Delhi along with medicine left for Bhuj at 08.30 hours on 29-01-

2001.

• A team of 10 doctors from UP along with medicines reached Bhuj.

• Mobile Hospitals were received from 8 countries and sent to Bhuj.

• The Voluntary Health Association also mobilized 10 mobile hospitals.

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• Two Hospital ships were available at Kandla for handling surgical cases. 13 patients were

evacuated to Mumbai.

• Navy made arrangement to treat local patients on Ships.

RAILWAYS

• Railways started running special trains for evacuation of injured persons.

• Railway goods shelters used as shelters for earthquake-affected people.

• One bogey of first class coach stationed at Bhuj where the doctors and other relief persons

sent to the site can be accommodated.

• Food arrangements through vendors, NGOs etc., arranged.

TELECOM & POWER

• Art 2000 C-DOT Exchanges became functional at Bhuj and Gandhidham.

• People were allowed to make free calls from the PCOs provided by BSNL.

• 140 Mbps Optical fibre network connecting Gandhidham and Bhuj to Rajkot became

operational.

• 20 Inmarsat phones have been deployed.

• 1000 Sat-phones were procured from Duba.

• Hot lines were being provided at the Taluka Headquarters.

• 256 line exchanges installed at Anjar, Bhachau, Rapar, Gagodar, Mandvi, Mundra and

Nakhatrana.

• At Naliya 1000 line C-Dot exchange installed.

• Telecom personnel along with telecom equipment, one exchange and V-SAT terminals

reached Gujarat.

• Power restored to Bhuj

• Rural Electrification Corporation sanctioned Rs.100 crores for power lines and Rs. 100 crores

for transformers.

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RELIEF ASSISTANCE BY OTHER STATE GOVERNMENTS

• State Governments provided relief assistance to Gujarat. This includes food, blankets,

medicine, medical personnel, water, tankers & equipments.

FOREIGN ASSISTANCE

• Turkey: Team of 35 persons, 10 MT of rescue equipments and 1 MT of medicines

• Britain: Team of 69 specialist and 4 search dogs, relief material consisting of three cars, two

trucks, two 35 seat coaches, 10 translators, 2000 litres bottled water, 500 litres unleaded fuel

and 50 anti Malaria tablets.

• Switzerland : Team of 45 persons and with sniffer dogs.

• Japan: 0.25 million US $ for relief and rescue operations and 0.75 million US $ to the Prime

Minister Relief Fund.

• Germany: Team of 20 specialists along with their equipments.

• Russia: A professional rescue team of 73 personnel and equipments.

• Slovak Republic , Republic of Korea and Malaysia: Offered assistance by special rescue

teams for relief works and special slippers team with special trained dogs for detection and

search ruins.

• France: A team of 40 member medical personnel with 10.5 MT medical equipments, and a

rescue team of 9 personnel with sniffer dogs.

• Hungary : A rescue team with 12 personnel and 3 sniffer dogs and 7 MT of equipment.

• Oman: IL 76 aircraft carrying 40 MT relief material reached Gujarat on 29th January 2001.

• USAAID : 80 ton of relief material, consisting of water purification units, tents, etc.

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RESCUE AND RELIEF BY GUJARAT STATE GOV ERNMENT

11. Even though it was a holiday the government of Gujarat responded quickly. Offices were

reopened, employees were recalled and round the clock operations commenced immediately.

Senior officers reached Bhuj within hours.

12. During the first few days 107 administrative officers, 11,000 other staff, 3,000 police

personnel and 2500 Home Guards were deployed. The Armed Forces organized large-scale

rescue efforts: 8 engineering regiments, 36 columns, 48 IAF aircrafts and 950 sorties were

deployed.

13. The BSF, CRPF and RAF participated in a big way. Over 2500 doctors and para-medical

personnel rendered their services. Over 5,000 trucks, cranes, bulldozers gas cutters, etc.

were mobilized.

14. The task of uplifting the state from the ruins was extremely difficult in terms of magnitude,

spread and complexity of the disaster. Many agencies and organizations were involved. The

reconstruction program was comprehensive and comprised of a number of activities

associated with various Departments.

15. For providing temporary accommodation, land was identified at Bhuj, Bhachau and Anjar and

infrastructure such as road, water supply and electricity were provided. Government of

Gujarat provided assistance in the form of materials and cash to about 218,000 families.

NGOs supplemented the efforts by providing interim shelters to about 7000 families. For the

permanent houses reconstruction four schemes were announced within a month after the

earthquake.

16. Temporary structures including tents provided by UNICEF were arranged for over 10,000

classrooms so that all the schools reopened by the middle of June 2001.

17. Medical and health centers – civil hospital, community health centers, primary health centers,

dispensaries and so on were made operational with temporary structures. Reconstruction

work initiated with the financial help of NGOs, international agencies and the Prime Minister’s

Relief Fund.

18. Urgent repair of the 63 damaged dams in Kuchchh and Saurashtra were completed before

the monsoon season of 2001.

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19. The Gujarat State Government set up in less than two weeks after the earthquake, the

Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority (GSDMA) , a new organization. Right from

the beginning GSDMA focused not only on the rehabilitation and re construction but

also on medium- term and long- term measures for di saster mitigation and

preparedness. Measures were initiated to create a d isaster management framework for

the State by devising appropriate policies, program s, methodologies and legislation.

20. GSDMA successfully undertaken the disaster management activities in the following broad

areas

• Earthquake reconstruction work

• Formulation of policies and legislation

• Preparation of disaster management plans

• Preparedness initiatives

• Capacity building & Mitigation measures

• Awareness and community preparedness

43. Effective and decisive steps were taken in institutionalizing disaster management through

legal framework, regulatory reforms, and training and knowledge network. A Disaster

Management Policy and a Disaster Management Act were finalized at an early stage. Studies

on aspects such as microzonation, hazard and vulnerability analysis, damage and loss

assessment methodology, early warning and emergency communication were initiated.

44. Efforts were made to address issues related to building codes and hazard resistant

construction. Engineers and masons were trained in large number. A mechanism for

screening of quality engineers and masons were envisaged through certification of masons

and licensing of engineers.

45. People’s participation, community preparedness and partnership with NGOs were the

important aspects of this unique reconstruction pro gram . The salient aspects were

• A comprehensive reconstruction and rehabilitation p rogram

• The progress during the first three years has no pa rallel elsewhere

• Awareness, capacity building and information dissem ination

• Involvement of expertise and specialized knowledge institutions and

individuals

• Effective community participation

• Medium and long-term perspective

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GUJARAT EARTHQUAKE 2001 –STATE GOVERNMENT RELIEF AT A GLANCE

Source: Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority

(Details as on 18-02-2002)

Affected areas Kutch Other District Total

Districts 1 20 21

Talukas 10 171 181

Villages 890 6743 7633

Death compensation

Number of death 12221 1584 13805

Number of applications received 12201 1603 13804

Death compensation cases paid 11842 1551 13393

Percentage of cases paid 97.06 96.76 97.02

Amount in crores 104.95 13.71 118.22

Pending cases 40 11 51

Rejected cases 319 41 360

(Reasons for pending - Disputes regarding legal heirs)

Injury Assistance

Applications received 14681 6066 20747

Applications sanctioned 14235 5582 19817

Assistance provided 14235 5582 19817

Percentage of cases paid 96.96 92.02 95.52

Amount in crores 13.07 3.49 16.57

Pending cases for want of documents 225 9 234

Rejected cases 221 396 617

Cash doles provided

Families (Lacs) 3.72 5.35 9.08

Amount (crores) 33.31 34.15 67.47

House hold kits provided

Families (Lacs) 2.56 1.16 3.72

Amount (crores) 25.55 14.8 40.35