independent lte networks for major resources projects

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Presenta(on Title: Making sense of LTE in public safety Speaker: Simon Lardner @CommsConnectAus #comms2014 COMMS CONNECT 2014

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Outlining the benefits and operational advantages that converged communications platforms offer to the efficiency and autonomy of major projects, proving that remoteness of the site is not necessarily a disadvantage. Simon Lardner, Director, Challenge Networks & Telecommunications Consultant

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Page 1: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Presenta(on  Title:  Making  sense  of  LTE  in  public  safety  Speaker:  Simon  Lardner  

@CommsConnectAus   #comms2014   COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

Page 2: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Basic  discussion  plan    Ø Introduc(on  (this  is  it  now!)  Ø Background  to  tradi(onal  mobile  networks  Ø Some  of  the  design  criteria  difficul(es  of  mobile  solu(ons  between:  §  Consumer    (‘normal’  mobile  phone  users)    §  Rapid  deployment  (DR,  public  safety)  

Ø How  these  criteria  can  be  met  in  a  variety  of  innova(ve  ways    

Ø Show  how  a  real  network  might  actually  work  COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

 

Page 3: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

My  overall  words  of  wisdom  Ø No  one  fully  understands  ‘mobile’.  Ø There  is  no  single  answer  or  solu(on.  Ø There  is  no  ‘perfect’  technology    Ø If  anyone  thinks  they  have  ‘The  Answer’    –  they  are  either  delusional  or  in  sales  (or  perhaps  consul(ng…..)  

Ø Technology  is  the  easy  bit  COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

 

Page 4: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Why  suddenly  the  interest  in  LTE  ?  Ø  Perhaps  the  most  ‘standard’  in  the  long  history  of  mobile  

(AMPS,  GSM,  UMTS)    standards  Ø  Outside  of  par(cular  groups,  probably  not  well  known  or  

understood      Ø  Some    hope  it  will  move  into  new  industries  like  ‘public  

safety’  Ø  Some  are  scared  it  will  move  into  new  industries  like  

‘public  safety’  Ø  USA  commiXed  to  $7  billion  LTE  network  for  public  

safety,  others  likely  to  follow  

COMMS  CONNECT  2014    

Page 5: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Why  LTE  for  public  safety?  Ø Connects  with  a  global  communica(ons  ecosystem  (phones,  tablets,  applica(ons,  etc)  

Ø Ability  to  integrate    public  &  private  users  Ø Number  of  technical  advantages  over  P25/TETRA  (limited  data,  private  users  only)  

COMMS  CONNECT  2014    

Page 6: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Why  not  LTE  for  public  safety  ?  Ø Carriers  Ø Vendors  of  alterna(ve  technologies  Ø Users  Ø Some  technical  limita(ons  

Ø   Direct  ‘device  to  device’  Ø   1-­‐  to  many  ‘Group  talk’  

Ø Spectrum    COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

 

Page 7: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Part  1  –  LTE  frameworks    

BSS

BSC

RNS

RNC

CN

Node B Node B

IuCS IuPS

Iur

Iub

USIM

ME

MS

Cu

Uu

MSC server SGSN

Gs

GGSN GMSC server

Gn HSS (HLR,AuC)

Gr

Gc C

D

E

EIR

F Gf

Gi PSTN

IuCS IuPS

VLR B

Gp

VLR G

BTS BTS

Um

RNC Abis

SIM

SIM-ME i/f or

MSC server B

PSTN

cell

CS-MGW CS-MGW

CS-MGW

Nb

Mc Mc

Nb

PSTN PSTN

Nc

Mc

A Gb

Nc

PDF Go

Gq Go*

CRF Gx

Rx

PCRF

Page 8: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Assump(ons  of  classic  mobile  Architecture

Ø  High  popula(on  &  high  popula(on  density  Ø Wealthy  popula(on  

Ø  Good,  cheap,  high  quality  backhaul  Ø  Lots  of  loca(ons  for  Interconnect  &  content  exchange  Ø  Electrical  power  is  easy  to  get  at  end  points  Ø Mountains  &  towers  to  put  sites  on  Ø  Traffic  load  rela(vely  stable  &  known  loca(ons  

Page 9: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Historically    most  mobile  R&D  from:

Page 10: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Internet  Architecture  fundamentals

Ø Smart  Edges,  dumb  Core  

Ø ‘Core’  is  a  virtual  system/concept  

Ø Survive  a  nuclear  bomb  

Ø Value  comes  from  mul(ple  peering  

Ø The  Internet  does  not  exist  COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

 

Page 11: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Mobile  Network  architecture

Ø Smart  core,  dumb  edge  

Ø Minimize  interconnect    

Ø Lose  the  core  and  it’s  all  over  !  Ø No  concept  of  ‘the  cloud’  Ø Very  ‘core’  focused  

COMMS  CONNECT  2014    

Page 12: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Con(nuum  of  markets  fifng  the  classic  mobile  model    European  Commercial  operator    

Australian  Commercial  operator    

Rapid  Deployment  solu(on  

Kiriba(  

‘Perfect’   ‘Terrible’  

Industrial  Mobile  network  

Public  safety  system  

Page 13: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Conclusions Ø  Mobile  architecture  somewhat  reverse  of  the  Internet  Ø  Many  markets  &  applica(ons  don’t  fit  the  ‘classic’  mobile  

model  Ø  Much  of  the  ‘Public  safety’  market  has  different  demands  Ø  Need  to  start  looking  at  mobile  networks  from  perhaps  a  

different  perspec(ve  Ø  This  is  why  it’s  taken  almost  20  years  for  mobile  to  move  into  

‘Public  safety’  !    

COMMS  CONNECT  2014    

Page 14: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Elephant  in    the  room….  Ø Should/Can    tradi(onal  mobile  operators  be  responsible  to  build  LTE  public  safety  systems  ?  

Page 15: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Part  2  –  Key  architectural  problems  &  solu(ons    

CommsConnect  2013  

Page 16: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Technology  &  Frequency  Coverage  comparison  

0   2   4   6   8   10   12   14   16   18  

GSM  900  Voice  GSM  1800  Voice  UMTS  2100  voice  

UMTS  2100  1Mbps  UMTS  900  1Mbps  UMTS  900  Voice  LTE  700  1  Mbps  LTE  1800  1Mbps  

Coverage  Area  

Cell  Coverage  km2  

Page 17: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Issues  &  solu(ons  Ø Single  big  remote  Core  

Ø Backhaul  constraints  

Page 18: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Tradi(onal  Mobile  Core  

RNC  

eNB  

Iu  

S1-­‐MME  

Wi-­‐Fi  S2b  

S1-­‐U  

3G  Core  

Billing  System  

Gn/Gp  

Gr   Gx  

Gi  

Gz  

Gs  

HLR/  HSS  

SGSN  

GGSN  

PCRF  

MSC  

MME  

S-­‐GW  

P-­‐GW  

S5/S8  

S11  

ePDG  

S5/S8  

Internet/  ApplicaNons  

Enhanced  Packet  Core  (EPC)  

Page 19: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Background to Mobile architecture

BSC/RNC

Layer  1  (Base  StaNon)  

Layer  2  (Controller)  

Layer  3  (Core  Network)  

BTS BTS

BTS

BTS BTS

BTS

GGSN  SGSN  

HLR  MGw  

MSC  

TradiNonal  Carrier  Network  Ø   Does  not  scale  down  effec(vely  

Ø   Low  reliability  at  a  BTS  level  

Page 20: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

20  

Distributed Core Networks

Distributed  “Flat”  Architecture  –  Intelligence  at  the  network  edge  

BTS

HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS

BTS

HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS

BTS

HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS

IP  Cloud

GGSNWAPGW

Distributed  SoluNon  Distributed  Network  SoluNon  • Does  scale  down  effec(vely  (single  BTS)  

•   Able  to  provide  high  reliability  at  a  BTS  level  

•   Mesh  architecture    

• Enables  some  quite  clever  network  solu(ons  

Page 21: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

‘Backhaul’  

Ø S1  interface  (link  between  eNodeB  and  Core)  needs:  §  High  capacity  (100+  Mbps)  §  Low  latency  (  >300ms  )  §  Low  jiXer  

             Mobile  core  

S1  

Page 22: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Impact  Ø Cannot  run  LTE  S1  interface  over  satellite  

Ø Cannot  run  LTE  S1  over  public  Internet  

Ø This  is  bad  for  public  safety…..  

Ø Except  if  you  have  a  distributed  core  !    

Page 23: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Key  ingredients  &  problems    Ø  Spectrum  

§  Op(ons  include:  Buy,  Beg,  borrow  or  steal  Ø  Backhaul    

§  Need  it,  osen  most  difficult  resource  in  incident  response    Ø  Reliability    

§  Needs  to  work  all  (me  !  Ø  Interconnect  to  other  mobile  networks    (data/voice    &  roaming)  

§  Technically  trivial  §  Commercially  can  be  nearly  impossible    

Ø  Physical  Deployment  requirements  §  Weight,  speed,  height,  etc  

§  Terminal  to  Terminal    §  1  to  many  calls    

Page 24: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Part  3  –  Portolio  of  Solu(ons    

Page 25: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Tradi(onal  mobile  DR  solu(ons  Ø COW  [Cell  on  Wheels]  

Page 26: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Tradi(onal  mobile  DR  solu(ons  

Ø   Total  exchange  replacement  

Page 27: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Tradi(onal  mobile  DR  solu(ons  

CommsConnect  2013  

Ø   Major  exchange  replacement  

Page 28: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Tradi(onal  mobile  DR  solu(ons  Ø Small  replacement  network  

Page 29: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Demo  !  

Page 30: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Part  4  –  Utopia  solu(on  ?  

Page 31: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Achievable  Characteris(cs  Ø Mobile  communica(on  system  that  cost  effec(vely  operates  for  

public  and  private  users  before,  during  and  aser  an  incident  in  a  controlled  and  known  way.  

Ø  Complete  Integra(on  with  exis(ng  P25/Tetra  systems  (group  call,  etc)  &  other  communica(on  systems  

Ø  High  network  reliability  down  to  base  sta(on  level  Ø  Seamless  integra(on  (roaming  and  interconnect)  with  all  consumer  

networks  Ø  Dynamically  able  to  have  both  public  and  private  users  on  private  

network    Ø  Dynamically  built  high  capacity  coverage  wherever  there  is  incident  Ø  Changes  to  the  ‘Tradi(onal’  LTE  approach    (3GPP  release  12)  Ø  Private  network  has  access  to  na(onal  spectrum  

Page 32: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Components    

Three  intertwined  network  elements:  1)  ‘Sta(c’  component  2)  ‘Variable’  component    3)  ‘Dynamic’  component  

Page 33: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Sta.c  Component  Ø  Sta(c/permanent  Coverage  over  key  areas  (parts  of  ci(es,  

public  areas,  high  risk)  Ø  Seamless  roaming  in/out  of  network  by  PS  users  to  

consumer  network  when  outside  of  PS  network  coverage  area  

Ø  Large  geographic  coverage  areas  Ø  Fixed  (fibre  and/or  Microwave)  backhaul  Ø  Tradi(onal  fixed  mobile  core  Ø Can  be  mul(ple  (separate  agencies)  or  single  (inter  agency)  Ø  ‘Classic’  mobile  network  implementa(on    

Page 34: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Public safety ecosystem

 Appliances  

Base  sta2on  towers  (Fixed  Component)  

Fibre  

Microwave  

Centralised    public  safety  infrastructure  (Fixed  Component)  

Internet  

E164  

Consumer  Networks  

Page 35: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Variable  component  Ø  Variable  Coverage  implemented  in  an  area  in  response  to  an  

incident.  Ø  Implemented  in  a    hours/day  communica(ons  response  

(meframe.  Ø  Provides  post  incident  coverage  to  both  public  and  private  users.  Ø Uses  distributed  core  for  maximum  flexibility  Ø  Backhaul  used  is  mixed  (fibre,  MW,  satellite)  depending        on  

actual  event.    Ø  Completely  ‘stand  alone’  if  required.  Ø  Replaces  parts  of  the  ‘Sta(c  network’  if/when  required.    

Page 36: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Public safety ecosystem

 Appliances  

Transportable  systems  (Variable  component)  

Base  sta2on  towers  (Fixed  Component)  

Internet/E164  

Fibre  

Microwave  

Centralised  infrastructure  (Fixed  Component)  

Internet  

E164  

Consumer  Networks  

Page 37: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Dynamic  component  Ø  Dynamic  Coverage  over  incident  response  areas.  Ø  Implemented  as  a  minutes/hours  communica(ons  response  to  an  incident.  Ø  System  implement  in  highly  portable  systems  (cars,  trucks,  backpacks,  drones,  

helicopters)  Ø  Backhaul  used  is  fast  deployment  (MW,  radio,  in-­‐band,  satellite)  and  can  go  

directly  into  Internet.    Ø  Distributed  core.  Ø  Dynamic  &  automa(c  RF  planning.  Ø  True  mesh  network.  Ø  Integrates  with  Variable  &  sta(c  network  components,  replaces  parts  if  required.  Ø  Completely  ‘stand  alone’  if  required.  

Page 38: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Public safety ecosystem

4G  

4G  

4G  

4G  

 Appliances  

Transportable  systems  (Variable  component)  

Man  Portable  (Dynamic  component)  

Vehicle  Mounted  (Dynamic  component)  Base  sta2on  towers  

(Fixed  Component)  Internet/E164  

Fibre  

Microwave  

Aerial  Portable  (Dynamic  component)  

Centralised  infrastructure  (Fixed  Component)  

Internet  

E164  

Consumer  Networks  

Page 39: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Public  Safety  Network    

Public  safety  network  

Consumer  networks  

Sta(c  network  

Variable  network  

Dynamic  Network  

Page 40: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Final  thoughts  Ø  LTE  has  the  possibility  of  revolu(onising  

communica(ons  systems  in  public  safety.  Ø  To  be  a  success  will  require  mature  

leadership  from  government  ,  industry  &  operators.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

COMMS  CONNECT  2014    

Page 41: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

Thanks  for  your  (me  !  

Ques(ons  ?  COMMS  CONNECT  2014  

 

Page 42: Independent LTE networks for major resources projects

www.comms-­‐connect.com.au  

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COMMS  CONNECT  2014  @CommsConnectAus   #comms2014