independent lte networks for major resources projects
DESCRIPTION
Outlining the benefits and operational advantages that converged communications platforms offer to the efficiency and autonomy of major projects, proving that remoteness of the site is not necessarily a disadvantage. Simon Lardner, Director, Challenge Networks & Telecommunications ConsultantTRANSCRIPT
Presenta(on Title: Making sense of LTE in public safety Speaker: Simon Lardner
@CommsConnectAus #comms2014 COMMS CONNECT 2014
Basic discussion plan Ø Introduc(on (this is it now!) Ø Background to tradi(onal mobile networks Ø Some of the design criteria difficul(es of mobile solu(ons between: § Consumer (‘normal’ mobile phone users) § Rapid deployment (DR, public safety)
Ø How these criteria can be met in a variety of innova(ve ways
Ø Show how a real network might actually work COMMS CONNECT 2014
My overall words of wisdom Ø No one fully understands ‘mobile’. Ø There is no single answer or solu(on. Ø There is no ‘perfect’ technology Ø If anyone thinks they have ‘The Answer’ – they are either delusional or in sales (or perhaps consul(ng…..)
Ø Technology is the easy bit COMMS CONNECT 2014
Why suddenly the interest in LTE ? Ø Perhaps the most ‘standard’ in the long history of mobile
(AMPS, GSM, UMTS) standards Ø Outside of par(cular groups, probably not well known or
understood Ø Some hope it will move into new industries like ‘public
safety’ Ø Some are scared it will move into new industries like
‘public safety’ Ø USA commiXed to $7 billion LTE network for public
safety, others likely to follow
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Why LTE for public safety? Ø Connects with a global communica(ons ecosystem (phones, tablets, applica(ons, etc)
Ø Ability to integrate public & private users Ø Number of technical advantages over P25/TETRA (limited data, private users only)
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Why not LTE for public safety ? Ø Carriers Ø Vendors of alterna(ve technologies Ø Users Ø Some technical limita(ons
Ø Direct ‘device to device’ Ø 1-‐ to many ‘Group talk’
Ø Spectrum COMMS CONNECT 2014
Part 1 – LTE frameworks
BSS
BSC
RNS
RNC
CN
Node B Node B
IuCS IuPS
Iur
Iub
USIM
ME
MS
Cu
Uu
MSC server SGSN
Gs
GGSN GMSC server
Gn HSS (HLR,AuC)
Gr
Gc C
D
E
EIR
F Gf
Gi PSTN
IuCS IuPS
VLR B
Gp
VLR G
BTS BTS
Um
RNC Abis
SIM
SIM-ME i/f or
MSC server B
PSTN
cell
CS-MGW CS-MGW
CS-MGW
Nb
Mc Mc
Nb
PSTN PSTN
Nc
Mc
A Gb
Nc
PDF Go
Gq Go*
CRF Gx
Rx
PCRF
Assump(ons of classic mobile Architecture
Ø High popula(on & high popula(on density Ø Wealthy popula(on
Ø Good, cheap, high quality backhaul Ø Lots of loca(ons for Interconnect & content exchange Ø Electrical power is easy to get at end points Ø Mountains & towers to put sites on Ø Traffic load rela(vely stable & known loca(ons
Historically most mobile R&D from:
Internet Architecture fundamentals
Ø Smart Edges, dumb Core
Ø ‘Core’ is a virtual system/concept
Ø Survive a nuclear bomb
Ø Value comes from mul(ple peering
Ø The Internet does not exist COMMS CONNECT 2014
Mobile Network architecture
Ø Smart core, dumb edge
Ø Minimize interconnect
Ø Lose the core and it’s all over ! Ø No concept of ‘the cloud’ Ø Very ‘core’ focused
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Con(nuum of markets fifng the classic mobile model European Commercial operator
Australian Commercial operator
Rapid Deployment solu(on
Kiriba(
‘Perfect’ ‘Terrible’
Industrial Mobile network
Public safety system
Conclusions Ø Mobile architecture somewhat reverse of the Internet Ø Many markets & applica(ons don’t fit the ‘classic’ mobile
model Ø Much of the ‘Public safety’ market has different demands Ø Need to start looking at mobile networks from perhaps a
different perspec(ve Ø This is why it’s taken almost 20 years for mobile to move into
‘Public safety’ !
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Elephant in the room…. Ø Should/Can tradi(onal mobile operators be responsible to build LTE public safety systems ?
Part 2 – Key architectural problems & solu(ons
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Technology & Frequency Coverage comparison
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
GSM 900 Voice GSM 1800 Voice UMTS 2100 voice
UMTS 2100 1Mbps UMTS 900 1Mbps UMTS 900 Voice LTE 700 1 Mbps LTE 1800 1Mbps
Coverage Area
Cell Coverage km2
Issues & solu(ons Ø Single big remote Core
Ø Backhaul constraints
Tradi(onal Mobile Core
RNC
eNB
Iu
S1-‐MME
Wi-‐Fi S2b
S1-‐U
3G Core
Billing System
Gn/Gp
Gr Gx
Gi
Gz
Gs
HLR/ HSS
SGSN
GGSN
PCRF
MSC
MME
S-‐GW
P-‐GW
S5/S8
S11
ePDG
S5/S8
Internet/ ApplicaNons
Enhanced Packet Core (EPC)
Background to Mobile architecture
BSC/RNC
Layer 1 (Base StaNon)
Layer 2 (Controller)
Layer 3 (Core Network)
BTS BTS
BTS
BTS BTS
BTS
GGSN SGSN
HLR MGw
MSC
TradiNonal Carrier Network Ø Does not scale down effec(vely
Ø Low reliability at a BTS level
20
Distributed Core Networks
Distributed “Flat” Architecture – Intelligence at the network edge
BTS
HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS
BTS
HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS
BTS
HLR/VLRSMSCSGSNMSCBSCBTS
IP Cloud
GGSNWAPGW
Distributed SoluNon Distributed Network SoluNon • Does scale down effec(vely (single BTS)
• Able to provide high reliability at a BTS level
• Mesh architecture
• Enables some quite clever network solu(ons
‘Backhaul’
Ø S1 interface (link between eNodeB and Core) needs: § High capacity (100+ Mbps) § Low latency ( >300ms ) § Low jiXer
Mobile core
S1
Impact Ø Cannot run LTE S1 interface over satellite
Ø Cannot run LTE S1 over public Internet
Ø This is bad for public safety…..
Ø Except if you have a distributed core !
Key ingredients & problems Ø Spectrum
§ Op(ons include: Buy, Beg, borrow or steal Ø Backhaul
§ Need it, osen most difficult resource in incident response Ø Reliability
§ Needs to work all (me ! Ø Interconnect to other mobile networks (data/voice & roaming)
§ Technically trivial § Commercially can be nearly impossible
Ø Physical Deployment requirements § Weight, speed, height, etc
§ Terminal to Terminal § 1 to many calls
Part 3 – Portolio of Solu(ons
Tradi(onal mobile DR solu(ons Ø COW [Cell on Wheels]
Tradi(onal mobile DR solu(ons
Ø Total exchange replacement
Tradi(onal mobile DR solu(ons
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Ø Major exchange replacement
Tradi(onal mobile DR solu(ons Ø Small replacement network
Demo !
Part 4 – Utopia solu(on ?
Achievable Characteris(cs Ø Mobile communica(on system that cost effec(vely operates for
public and private users before, during and aser an incident in a controlled and known way.
Ø Complete Integra(on with exis(ng P25/Tetra systems (group call, etc) & other communica(on systems
Ø High network reliability down to base sta(on level Ø Seamless integra(on (roaming and interconnect) with all consumer
networks Ø Dynamically able to have both public and private users on private
network Ø Dynamically built high capacity coverage wherever there is incident Ø Changes to the ‘Tradi(onal’ LTE approach (3GPP release 12) Ø Private network has access to na(onal spectrum
Components
Three intertwined network elements: 1) ‘Sta(c’ component 2) ‘Variable’ component 3) ‘Dynamic’ component
Sta.c Component Ø Sta(c/permanent Coverage over key areas (parts of ci(es,
public areas, high risk) Ø Seamless roaming in/out of network by PS users to
consumer network when outside of PS network coverage area
Ø Large geographic coverage areas Ø Fixed (fibre and/or Microwave) backhaul Ø Tradi(onal fixed mobile core Ø Can be mul(ple (separate agencies) or single (inter agency) Ø ‘Classic’ mobile network implementa(on
Public safety ecosystem
Appliances
Base sta2on towers (Fixed Component)
Fibre
Microwave
Centralised public safety infrastructure (Fixed Component)
Internet
E164
Consumer Networks
Variable component Ø Variable Coverage implemented in an area in response to an
incident. Ø Implemented in a hours/day communica(ons response
(meframe. Ø Provides post incident coverage to both public and private users. Ø Uses distributed core for maximum flexibility Ø Backhaul used is mixed (fibre, MW, satellite) depending on
actual event. Ø Completely ‘stand alone’ if required. Ø Replaces parts of the ‘Sta(c network’ if/when required.
Public safety ecosystem
Appliances
Transportable systems (Variable component)
Base sta2on towers (Fixed Component)
Internet/E164
Fibre
Microwave
Centralised infrastructure (Fixed Component)
Internet
E164
Consumer Networks
Dynamic component Ø Dynamic Coverage over incident response areas. Ø Implemented as a minutes/hours communica(ons response to an incident. Ø System implement in highly portable systems (cars, trucks, backpacks, drones,
helicopters) Ø Backhaul used is fast deployment (MW, radio, in-‐band, satellite) and can go
directly into Internet. Ø Distributed core. Ø Dynamic & automa(c RF planning. Ø True mesh network. Ø Integrates with Variable & sta(c network components, replaces parts if required. Ø Completely ‘stand alone’ if required.
Public safety ecosystem
4G
4G
4G
4G
Appliances
Transportable systems (Variable component)
Man Portable (Dynamic component)
Vehicle Mounted (Dynamic component) Base sta2on towers
(Fixed Component) Internet/E164
Fibre
Microwave
Aerial Portable (Dynamic component)
Centralised infrastructure (Fixed Component)
Internet
E164
Consumer Networks
Public Safety Network
Public safety network
Consumer networks
Sta(c network
Variable network
Dynamic Network
Final thoughts Ø LTE has the possibility of revolu(onising
communica(ons systems in public safety. Ø To be a success will require mature
leadership from government , industry & operators.
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Thanks for your (me !
Ques(ons ? COMMS CONNECT 2014
www.comms-‐connect.com.au
Conference materials available soon at
COMMS CONNECT 2014 @CommsConnectAus #comms2014