increasingholecleaningefficiencywhiledrilling 12 ¼” section in 7 days saved 20 hours • 12...

Vallourec Group

Increasing Hole Cleaning Efficiency While Drilling

Addressing ECD in ERD Wells

AmericanBusinessConferences

Luc Van Puymbroeck

Why does drill pipe matter?

Cost of Hole Cleaning

Factors affecting Hole Cleaning

Hydroclean Solutions

Case History & Applications

Conclusion

Content

Horizontal Drilling USA Extended Laterals Congress 2014

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Why spend time thinking about drill pipe?

Globally more than $2 Billion NPT is lost yearly to stuck pipeand loss circulation alone

That’s 2X the amount the industry spends to buy drill pipe in the first place

Stuck Pipe

Loss Circulation

Drilling NPT classification chart

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Consequences of poor hole cleaning

Torque & Drag

Tight Hole

Controlled ROP

Reaming and back-reaming

Additional cleanup time

Loss circulation (ECD)

Excessive wiper trips

Ineffective sweeps

Stuck Pipe

Side Track

Recovered Cuttings vs Actual Footage

Leads to None Productive Time

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Holistic approach to well engineering & planning

Make hole cleaning the center of the wheel

Think hole cleaning before T&D

Optimize the drill string

HoleCleaning

Rig

Drill PipeFluids

BHA

Drilling

Practices

Casing

Trajectory

Target

Well

Procedures

Torque& Drag

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Key elements of Hole Cleaning

● Drilling Fluids Properties

Rheology, Inhibition, Solids …..

● Bits & BHA Designs

Allowable RPM, % rotation, by-pass area, ROP. …

● Hydraulics

Available GPM, pressure limits, ECD, shaker loading limits, …

● Rig Systems

Limitations for top drive ( RPM vs Torque) , solids control, pumps, etc…

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General observations in ERD ● Everyone has similar problems

● Perception of recipe for success

High Flow Rate ( > 1000 gpm in 12 ¼” )

Gauge hole

Continuous rotation & RSS is necessary for HC

Slow ROP

Optimized mud properties

Sweeps compensate for less-then-ideal of the aboveWhile there is truth in each concept,the general philosophy behind each is one misguiding

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... drill pipe

broke…

What

happen ?No issues drilling – High ROP sections

Increased reaming & Circulation @ cnx

POH with increased Drag

Enlarged hole

Cutting beds accumulation & ledges

Déja-vu good drilling and hole problems

What could we have done differently?


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By addressing the risks of (poor) hole cleaning

Large holes are inefficient to clean and have cutting transport challenges

Small holes have annular pressure challenges and need time to clean

Focusing drilling efficiency and safety

Holes do not have to be 100% clean but clean enough to maintain trouble-free operations


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Cutting behavior & Hole Cleaning mechanism


Saltation Flow

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Effects of rotation in 12 ¼” hole

● Rotation alone is not sufficient

Big difference between 100 & 120 RPM

Step changes occurs at 120 & 180 RPM

Independent of hole size & pipe size

Independent of mud type

120 is minimum acceptable RPM to clean

“big holes”. Not recommended RPM

Rules change in < 8 ½”

- Based on observations , not on theory or model- Significant change @120 & 180 RPM- If operating near critical speed, adjust RPM accordingly

Rotary speed

Cu

ttin

g V

olu

me

s

Viscous Coupling

● Rotary Speed is critical for Viscous coupling

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Effects of flow rate in 12 ¼” Hole

● Flow rates > 750 GPM needed for large conveyor belt zone

LargeSmall

Dead Zone

● Flow Rates > 1000 GPM have diminished returns

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High angle “Rules of Thumb” ● Rotary Speed

● Flow Rates

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Placement of 1 Hydroclean per 2 stands

Hydroclean - Mechanical Hole Cleaning Device

Min RPM 60 - 70

Increase Hole Cleaning efficiency thru degradation of cutting beds at low RPM

Scooping of cutting beds from low side

Recirculating cuttings above the drill string

Transporting of cuttings to surface“Conveyor” belt effect.

HIGH VELOCITYFLUID

Horizontal Drilling USA Congress 2014

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Drilled 12 ¼” section in 7 days

Saved 20 hours

• 12 ¼’’ Hole

• Interval drilled : 1765m with PDM

• Inclination: 70 degree

• Spaced 50jts x 5 ½ Hydroclean + 5 ½ DP

• 1 MCD per 2 stands over 2635m

9 5/8 shoe @3026m

13 3/8 shoe @ 1275m

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Hydroclean case history15

New drill pipe for horizontal ERD

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Shallow ER wells with ECD

issues demands different pipe

Hydroclean scallops machined in each Tool Joint of the drill string

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Vallourec Group17

9 5/8 Csg shoe at 4921 ft

TD 20,000 ft

Hole Size = 8 ½

Torque & Drag & Buckling Analysis


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Stiff String T&D comparison on 20 kft ERD well5’’ NC50 S135 DP versus 5” EIS S135 H Max

H Max Hook POOH/RIHReduction of Drag : max 5% POOH & max 15% RIH

Potential to increase ERD envelope

Hydroclean MaxHydroclean Max

Higher TJ stand off w/ H Max reduces side force on the tube and increase on TJ with better distribution

Benefits

Dual OD tool joint does not compromise DP performance

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• Drill faster and safer Lower T&D friction factors Reduce cleanout time Better ECD control Decrease residual cutting beds

Save rig time Fewer wiper trips Reduce reaming & back-reaming Cut down sweeps and bottom’s up cycles Better tripping times

Extend Service Life Less wear and repairs

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2 2 4 5 6 7 11 12 12 13 17 22 2946 51

97

129149

160182 188

263

Stuck pipe Work pipe Reaming Other CirculatingFig. Rig activity histogram

8 ½ hole 6000 ft horizontal Drilling with PDM Onshore USA

Hours

Well example candidate

More than 50% total time spent on other activities than drilling

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Hydroclean™Max

Drill PipeHydroclean™

Drill PipeHydroclean™

Heavy Weight

Hydroclean has shown to increase

overall drilling performance

Used mainly Offshore For large hole & high deviated wells

Required well planning with KPIs

A new drill pipe with Hydroclean in

the TJ has been developed for ERD

Applicable in horizontal wells Economically justifiable Onshore 5” Prototype is ready for field test

Conclusions20

Vallourec GroupVallourec Group

Thank YOU

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Increasing Hole Cleaning Efficiency While DrillingAddressing ECD in ERD Wells

Horizontal Drilling USA Extended Laterals Congress 2014Luc Van Puymbroeck

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Class 1: Cleaning efficiency KPI i’s:

Average cuttings size Average cuttings return rate Total bottom’s up circulating time

Class 2: Time saving KPI i’s:

Total tripping time Total backreaming tiem Total non productive time Average ROP

Class 3: Operational safety KPI i’s:

Average connection over-pull Average tripping over-pull Pack-off occurrence number Average friction factor Average RPM

Class 4: Well bore quality and stability KPI I’s:

Average ECD or dynamic pressure values Total backreaming time Total over-pull time Casing run time Average flow rate

Publications

SPE 134269 – 21-23 February 2006 – Miami

Experimental Studies on the Effect of Mechanical

Cleaning Devices on Annular Cuttings Concentration

and Applications for Optimizing ERD Systems

IADC World Drilling 2007 – 14 June – Paris

Maximizing Drilling Efficiency in High-Angle Wells with

new Hole Cleaning – Torque & Drag Reduction

Systems

IADC/SPE 59143 – 19-22 September 2010 - Florence

Improved Hole Cleaning and Reduced Rotary Torque

by New External Profile on

Drilling Equipment

Key Performance Indicators

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