increase the life of your engine

8/12/2019 INCREASE THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE

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Welcome!



Our Mission Statement:

Fuel Direct is committed to providing

superior fuel performance technology

for improving mileage,reducing toxic emissions,

and increasing the lifespan

of all gasoline and diesel engines.



• Prevents Algae from growing (effective algae biocide)

• Disperses water for a smoother running engine

• Cleans and lubricates valves, cylinder heads, and fuel injectors

• Reduces emissions

• Improves performance and mileage

Product Benefits – Xp3 (2 formula’s)

TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL

Manufactured by Xp Lab, San Diego, CA



• Protects against fuel gelling and will take No. 2

(Summer blend diesel) down to -15 F below zero

• It has never harmed a single engine since 1989

• Reduces contaminants in used oil by 50%

•

Reduces corrosion to prolong life of engine

•Improves stabilization, lubricity, and detergency of the fuel

Product Benefits – Xp3





• Changes the micron size of the fuel (makes the

particles smaller, allowing for more complete

combustion and resulting in more power with

less fuel and less emissions

• Xp3 Diesel treatment ratio is 1 to 4,000

• Xp3 Gas treatment is 1 to 3,200

Product Benefits – Xp3





• Xp3 is formulated by expert researchers, technicians

and engineers at state of the art laboratories throughout the

United States and other parts of the world.

• Xp3 has only been available to the United

States since 2010.

• Xp3 has a guaranteed level of excellence

and rigorous quality control.

Product Benefits – Xp3TECHNICAL/MECHANICAL




• Promises 1-3 benefits in one

product

• Contains aromatics

• Uses solvent-based ingredients

•

Potentially weakens seals andO-rings

•Check MSDS info!

Other Products:


• Promises 7 benefits in one product

• Aromatic, alcohol, naphtha free

•Uses organic compounds and

synthetic resin-based ingredients

•Does not weaken seals or O-rings

•100% biodegradable

Xp3:



Plenty of ineffective products out there:


• It would take 3-5 different products from our competitors to

achieve the benefits of our single product, Xp3.

• Aromatics are in many competing products. Aromatics may improve

mileage, but also can cause engines to wear our faster.



How Xp3 Protects Your Equipment:


Solvent-Based Ingredients versus Synthetic Ingredients

• Can weaken seals

• Can weaken O-rings

• Do not lubricate

• Won’t weaken seals

• Won’t weaken O-rings

• Dramatically Improves

Lubricitity

COMPETITION Xp3



Knowing the Fuel Industry:


• Fuel Industry is a multi-billion dollar industry

• It is larger that wellness and travel industries COMBINED

• Fuel will be consumed regardless of the economy (recession-proof)

• People love to save money, especially on something they use

everyday

•Fewer maintenance costs - you can help save people money




• Usually a combustible substance that releases energy after

it is ignited, and reacts with the oxygen in the air.

• Hydrocarbons are by far the most common source of fuel

used. Hydrocarbon is a compound consisting entirely ofhydrogen and carbon.

• The majority of hydrocarbons are mostly found in crude oil,

where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance ofcarbon and hydrogen.

Fuel




• Petroleum refining is the process of separating the

many compounds present in crude petroleum. This

process is called fractional distillation where thecrude oil is heated; the various of the compounds

boil at different temperatures and change to gases;

and are later re-condensed back into liquids.

Refining Fuel




Refinery Distillation Tower:



• The crude petroleum is heatedand changed into a gas. The

gases are passed through a

distillation column which

becomes cooler as the height

increases. When a compound

in the gaseous state cools

below its boiling point, it

condenses into a liquid. The

liquids can be drawn off thedistilling column at various

heights.




• Although all fractions of petroleum find uses, the greatest demandis for gasoline. One barrel of crude petroleum contains only 25-35%

gasoline.

•

Transportation demands require that over 50% of the crude oil beconverted into gasoline. To meet this demand some petroleum

fractions must be converted to gasoline. This may be done by

"cracking" - breaking down large molecules of heavy heating oil;

"reforming" - changing molecular structures of low quality gasoline

molecules; or "polymerization" - forming longer molecules fromsmaller ones.




Fuel Names and Classification• Small molecules like those in propane gas, naphtha, automobile

gasoline, and jet fuel have relatively low boiling points, and they are

removed at the start of the fractional distillation process.

• Heavier petroleum products like diesel and lubricating oil are much less

volatile and distill out more slowly, while bunker oil is literally the bottom of

the barrel; the only things more dense than bunker fuel are carbon black

feedstock and bituminous residue which is used for paving roads (asphalt)and sealing roofs.




Fuel Names and Classification• Bunker fuel is technically any type of fuel oil used aboard ships and heavy

boilers. It gets its name from the containers on ships and in ports that it is

stored in; in the past, they were coal bunkers but now they are bunker fuel

tanks.

• Diesel fuel is normally called D-2, Marine diesel is normally called No. 4,

and the heaviest of the fuels are called No. 5, or 6. Since No. 6 is the most

common, "bunker fuel" is often used as a synonym for No. 6. No. 5 fuel oil is

also called navy special fuel oil or just navy special; No. 5 or 6 are also

called furnace fuel oil (FFO).




Maritime Fuel Oil Classification:

MGO (Marine gas oil) - roughly equivalent to No. 2 fuel oil, made from

distillation only.

MDO (Marine diesel oil) - A blend of heavy gas/oil that may contain very small

amounts of black refinery feed stocks, but has a low viscosity, so it does not

need to be heated for use in internal combustion engines. - contains some

heavy fuel oil, unlike regular diesels

IFO (Intermediate fuel oil) - A blend of gas/oil and heavy fuel oil, with less

gasoil than marine diesel oil.

HFO (Heavy fuel oil) - Pure or nearly pure residual oil, roughly equivalent toNo. 6 fuel oil.

MFO (Marine fuel oil) - same as HFO.




Fuel Viscosity:Lighter fuels have low viscosity, and heavyfuels with high viscosity may require

heating, before the fuel can be pumped

from a bunker tank.




ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel): Much less sulfur content




ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel):

Why is sulfur important?

For many decades, it was taken for granted that all distillate fuels, with the possible exception of kerosene, contained enough inherent

lubricity to protect against engine wear. There was no reason to define lubricity or to establish a test method to quantify a lubricity

value. For the most part, it was assumed that any fuel had the ability to provide adequate lubricity as one of its innate and irreversible

properties.

However, everything changed once the EPA began to look into diesel fuel exhaust emissions and, early on, identified sulfur as one of the

main sources for objectionable smog-causing air pollutants, oxides hazardous to health and long term corrosive acid rain damage. By

the late ‘90s, the EPA was exploring regulations to reduce the sulfur content of distillate fuels, especially on-road diesel.

As the likelihood of new regulations became more imminent and oil refiners investigated available processes available for crude oil

desulfurization, one critical piece of information became obvious—that any significant reduction in sulfur content would result in a

significant reduction in fuel lubricity as well.

Realizing this correlation, ASTM launched a task force to include lubricity requirements as part of its existing ASTM D975 Standard

Specification for Diesel Fuels. Concurrently, another task force was assigned to determine an effective laboratory test method to

measure lubricity values.

www.fueloilnews.com





Why is sulfur important?

Lubricity:

Lubricity is a measure of the fuel's ability to lubricate and protect the various parts of the engine's fuel injection

system from wear. The processing required to reduce sulfur to 15 ppm also removes naturally occurring lubricityagents in diesel fuel. To manage this change the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted the

lubricity specification defined in ASTM-D975 for all diesel fuels; this standard went into effect January 1, 2005.

Lubricity agents must be added to ULSD to meet lubricity requirements of engines. Refineries typically add only

enough to meet minimum ASTM-D975 standards.





The Need for Added Lubricity

A single tankful of fuel with extremely low lubricity can cause a fuel pump to fail catastrophically. The lubrication

mechanism in diesel fuel is a combination of hydrodynamic lubrication and boundary lubrication. In hydrodynamic

lubrication, a layer of liquid prevents contact between the opposing surfaces. For diesel fuel pumps and injectors, this

liquid is the fuel itself. Diesel fuels that meet ASTM-D975 specifications provide proper hydrodynamic lubrication.

Lubricity agents must be added to ULSD to meet lubricity requirements of engines. Refineries typically add only enough

to meet minimum ASTM-D975 standards.




Biofuels:

The two most common types of biofuels used today

are biodiesel and ethanol.

biodiesel

made by combining

alcohol (usually methanol)

with vegetable oil, animal

fat, or recycled cookinggrease.

An alcohol, the same as in

beer and wine (although

ethanol used as a fuel is

modified to make itundrinkable).

ethanol




• Alcohol fuels are produced by fermentation of sugars

derived from wheat, corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, molasses

and any sugar or starch (like potato and fruit waste, etc.)




Biodiesel:• A vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel fuel.

• It can be used alone, or blended with petrodiesel. Blends of

biodiesel and conventional hydrocarbon-based diesel are products

most commonly distributed for use in the retail diesel fuel

marketplace. Much of the world uses a system known as the "B"

factor to state the amount of biodiesel in the fuel mix:

100% biodiesel is referred to as B100, while

20% biodiesel, 80% petrodiesel is labeled B205% biodiesel, 95% petrodiesel is labeled B5

2% biodiesel, 98% petrodiesel is labeled B2.




Biodiesel:

Biodiesel is hydroscopic, It contains 20 to 25 times more water

than diesel (ie: a bucket of diesel (D-2) can contain 60ppm of water.

But a B100 biodiesel bucket can contain 1200 to 1500ppm of

water).




Biodiesel:

This is the damage result after 600 hours of use of B-80 fuel, (80%

derived from soy and 20% from petroleum).




Biodiesel:

This is the damage result after 200 hours of use of B-100 derived from

sunflower




Xp3’s water dispersion ability will

prevent the damage that the use ofthese biofuels can generate in the

injection system and engines.




Biofuel - Ethanol:

• Ethanol fuel is the most common biofuel worldwide,

particularly in Brazil, and now in the USA.




Biofuel - Ethanol:

• Ethanol can be used in engines as a replacement for gasoline.

It can be mixed with gasoline at any percentage. Most existing

car engines can run on blends of up to 15% bio-ethanol withpetroleum/gasoline.

•Ethanol has a smaller energy density than gasoline. This

means that it takes more fuel (volume and mass) to produce the

same amount of work.




Biofuel - Ethanol:

• Since 1976 the Brazilian government made it mandatory to blend

ethanol with gasoline. The mandatory blend of ethanol in the

gasoline, has fluctuated between 10% to 25%.

• Those quantities require minor adjustments to the regular

gasoline engines.

• Xp3 has been in the Brazilian market since 1995 and the product

technology has been adjusted and developed to improve biofuels,and solve any problem they may cause.




Additives Added by Fuel Producers:

Oxidation stability

Antioxidants

Metal deactivators

Gasoline distribution Corrosion inhibitors

Biocides

Anti-static

Drag-reducing agents Odorants

To protect vehicle fuel

system

Corrosion inhibitors Demulsifies

Anti-icing

Detergents

Deposits control




WHY DO FUEL USERS

REQUIRE ADDITIONALFUEL ADDITIVES?




Fuel Additives:

• The combustion process that takes place in the ignition is far from ideal

• To obtain the maximum thermal efficiency for burning hydrocarbon fuel, it’snecessary to release the fuel’s heat energy under constant-volume conditions.

•

Such behavior requires that the combustion take place instantaneously andhomogeneously, with no variation from one engine cycle to the next, or from oneyear to the next year.

• Ideal combustion behavior with the fuel and air mixture requires that the ignitionprocess would be perfectly repeatable. The flame process would be both infinitelyfast and repeatable so no heat would be lost to the wall of the combustion chamber

and cylinder, and no emissions of partially burnt or other undesirable combustionproducts would remain. – which cause excess wear on the engine.




FUELS REQUIRE ADDITIVES TO IMPROVETHE COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY

• Even if fuel producers added sufficient corrective additives to the

fuel, (which they do not do) fuels require constant improvement.Fuel starts degrading immediately after manufacturing. This is

one of the reasons we need to stabilize it.

• The change of fuel specs, water levels in fuel, varying injectionsystems, engine changes and wear, requires constant fuel

improvement.




WHY IS WATER A PROBLEM INFUELS?




•

Negative reaction with water and sulfuric acid

• Negative reaction with water and vanadium.

• Fuel oxidation

• Increases growth of bacteria

• If diesel and water are pumped into ignition chamber, the water vapor

formed due to high temperature and pressure will prevent oxygen toreact with diesel resulting in poor combustion.




•

When the water drops exceed a certain size, they are no longer stableand detach.

• Water contaminates the fuel and prevents it from burning as

powerfully as pure gasoline or diesel.

Water Separation Dispersed Water w/Xp3




Detergency and Fuel Efficiency:

With the introduction of the new fuel injection systems and the

extremely close engine tolerances, the slightest amount of foreign

contamination can cause damage to many of the of the parts in the fuel

delivery system.

Deposit buildup will cause increased friction and produce excessive

wear to the injection system components. The result is an incomplete

injection of the needed fuel amount resulting in poor combustion, and

low power. Usually drivers have the tendency to downshift thetransmission, step in the accelerator, and advance the fuel throttle

setting. This increases the fuel flow and reduce the economy.




Detergency and Fuel Efficiency:

The use of Xp3 will stabilize the fuel, disperse water, produce a

cleaner combustion and will keep the injection system and injector

nozzle holes unobstructed. This allows the fuel injected into each

cylinder to be properly distributed in the combustion chamber

creating a complete combustion of the fuel.

An even spray will provide a correct mix between fuel and air, and

produce a maximum conversion of the BTU energy content into

usable horsepower, achieving maximum efficiency.




Good Injection Pattern:




Engine Cylinders:

• Small particles of carbon will slip past the seal rings into the engine.

•

Small carbon particles can damage your engine when combined withheat and pressure.

• The more efficient combustion, the fewer carbons in the cylinders.




The wear of pistons and cylinders will reduce fuel efficiency:




Vanadium Corrosion Effect:

• The problem with the vanadium is thehigh corrosion temperature. For thevanadium to be corrosive, it has toundergo a chemical reaction, whenoxidizing conditions exist, and becomea “Vanadium Pentoxide”

• The vanadium will go through differentstages of oxidization, as follows:

(a) 4V + 3O2 ------> 2V2O3

(b) 2V2O3 + O2 ------> 2V2O4

(c) 2V2O4 + O2 ------> 2V2O5 = VANADIUMPENTOXIDE

• The ash deposits of this material willcreate the high temperature corrosionproblem.




Xp3’s effect on Vanadium:

• Acts both as a vanadium compound neutralizer and a combustion catalyst.

`

• Eliminates the cold end corrosion problems.

•

Reduces the need of excess oxygen and consequently the chemicalreaction.

• Reduces the size and weight of the vanadium material as well as otherelements in the heavy fuels and disperses them in the fuel mass.

• The vanadium particles size and weight will reduce the amounts of depositsand consequently the formation of the vanadium pentoxide.



How an Engine Works:




How an Engine Works:


There are fours strokes involved in running an engine

1. INTAKE – engine pulling outside air into engine. (Intake valve is open, Exhaust

valve is closed)

2. COMPRESSION – pistons rise to highest point, and spark plugs ignite (bothvalves are closed)

3. COMBUSTION /POWER– downward stroke of the piston (both valves remain

closed until the combustion stroke is to the bottom)

4. EXHAUST – As the pistons begin to rise, exhaust valve opens releasing exhaust

(intake valves closed, exhaust valve opens, and repeat)




Gasoline Injection System:



Engines:


There are over 12 different kinds of diesel engines used in

trucking today

All new diesel engines must now meet the Environmental

Protection Agency’s Tier 2 emissions standard

Tier 2 or 3 engines require DEF fluid




Diesel Injection System:



How an Engine Works: (EGR Valve)




Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm Machinery, RVs,

Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators, Construction

Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks, Busses,

Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm

Machinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators,

Construction Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks,

Busses, Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, FarmMachinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators,

Construction Equipment, Lawn mowers, Trains, Ships, Go – Karts, Cars, Trucks,

Busses, Taxicabs, Cars, Watercraft, Trucks, SUVs, Fleet Vehicles, Busses, Farm

Machinery, RVs, Semi Trucks, Taxicabs, Motorcycles, Stationary Generators

Engines that can use Xp3:

All gasoline engines, all diesel enginesand all fuel oil.




Oil Filters before and After Xp3:


After Xp3Before Xp3

TEST RESULTS | Multi-National Soft Drink Company



Fuel Injectors before and After Xp3:


After Xp3Before Xp3

TEST RESULTS | Multi-National Soft Drink Company



Thank you.

increase the life of your engine

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