impact of aids

00002-E-1 – 1 December 2000

HIV / AIDS IN KENYA

IMPACT OF THE EPIDEMIC

DR. MOHAMED S. ABDULLAH

CHAIRMAN

NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL COUNCIL

00002-E-2 – 1 December 2000

Children (<15 years) estimated to be living Children (<15 years) estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000

Western Europe

4 1004 100North Africa & Middle East

16 00016 000Sub-Saharan

Africa

1.5 million1.5 million

Eastern Europe &Central Asia

15 00015 000East Asia & Pacific

7 2007 200South & South-East Asia

210 000210 000

Australia & New Zealand

< 200< 200

North America

11 00011 000Caribbean

11 00011 000

Latin America

30 00030 000

Total: 2.0 millionTotal: 2.0 million

00002-E-3 – 1 December 2000

Estimated adult and child deaths Estimated adult and child deaths from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000

Western Europe



Africa





470 000470 000


< 500< 500

North America


32 00032 000

Latin America

50 00050 000


00002-E-4 – 1 December 2000

Adults and children estimated to be living Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000

Western Europe



Africa


Eastern Europe & Central Asia

700 000700 000

South & South-East Asia



15 00015 000

North America

920 000920 000Caribbean

390 000390 000

Latin America



East Asia & Pacific

640 000640 000

00002-E-5 – 1 December 2000

Estimated deaths in children Estimated deaths in children (<15 years)(<15 years) from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000

Western Europe

< 100< 100North Africa & Middle East


Africa

500 000500 000


< 500< 500East Asia & Pacific


40 00040 000


< 100< 100

North America

< 100< 100Caribbean

3 1003 100

Latin America

3 0003 000

Total: 600 000Total: 600 000

00002-E-6 – 1 December 2000

Estimated number of adults and childrenEstimated number of adults and childrennewly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000

Western Europe



Africa





780 000780 000


500500

North America


60 00060 000

Latin America

150 000150 000


00002-E-7 – 1 December 2000

Estimated number of children Estimated number of children (<15 years)(<15 years) newly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000

Western Europe

< 500< 500North Africa & Middle East


Africa

620 000620 000


600600East Asia & Pacific


65 00065 000


< 100< 100

North America

< 500< 500Caribbean

4 2004 200

Latin America

7 3007 300

Total: 800 000Total: 800 000

00002-E-8 – 1 December 2000

Cumulative number of children estimated to have Cumulative number of children estimated to have been orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or youngerbeen orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or younger

at the end of 1999at the end of 1999

Western Europe



Africa



500500 East Asia & Pacific


850 000850 000


< 500< 500

North America


85 00085 000

Latin America

110 000110 000

Total: 15.2 millionTotal: 15.2 million * HIV-negative children who have lost their mother or both parents to AIDS before the age of 15 years

00002-E-9 – 1 December 2000

IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA

Demographic Impact� Highest sero-prevalence in women is between 25-29 years

� Highest sero-prevalence in men is between 30-39 years

� Women five times more infected than men (15-19 years age group)

� More than one million orphans generated by epidemic

� More than 2.2 million Kenyans infected at present

00002-E-10 – 1 December 2000


Demographic Impact

� Life expectancy: 52 years from 64 years

� Infant mortality rate: 74 from 53

� Child mortality rate: 113 from 92

� Maternal mortality: 650 from 240

00002-E-11 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Education

� Skilled and experienced teachers are dying

� Significant others are alive but incapacitated

� Newly trained teachers are reduced by illness and death.

� Production has either stagnated or even reduced

� Teaching, research production, national develop planning affected

� Leadership in implementation of strategies affected

00002-E-12 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Education

Large numbers of children are kept out of school because:

• they are needed to help at home,

• they have to care for sick family members

• they have to work to increase the family income.

• families cannot afford school fees

00002-E-13 – 1 December 2000


Impact on Children

� Increased proportion of vulnerable children

� Increased incidence of child labour.

� House holds are headed by children

� No support from the state or family around them.

� Rising rates of child sexual abuse

00002-E-14 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Agriculture� Agriculture is the primary economic sector of Kenya

� Engages about 74% of the labour force

� Accounts for 24.5% per cent of gross domestic product.

� Main production of food either for themselves or for the country

� A threat to the country’s food security

� Fertile lands of families remain idle shortage of agricultural labour

� Loss of skills and experience in large & small scale farming

00002-E-15 – 1 December 2000


Impact in Health� Increases number of people seeking health services

� it increases demand on health care providers

� Increases demand on health facilities

� increases need for human resource production

� it increases the overall cost of health care in the country.

00002-E-16 – 1 December 2000

IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA� The Dilema

� treating AIDS versus preventing HIV infection

� treating AIDS versus treating other illnesses

� spending on health versus spending on other demanding public services

� skilled health personnel have died, Replacing them Vs Other cadre

� Many are rendered incapable of further service, but need the income

� direct cost of treating a new AIDS patient at Kshs.45,680,

� indirect costs amount to Kshs 638,560

� access to and quality of health care have worsened

00002-E-17 – 1 December 2000


Industrial Sector

� Industrial Sector accounts for 13.3% of GDP

� Frequency of absenteeism increased

� Expenditures on illness and death have increased

� 52 per cent of total costs are HIV/AIDS-related costs.

00002-E-18 – 1 December 2000


Industrial Sector� loss of skilled manpower,

� demand for manufactured products has reduced

� industrial sector economically vulnerable.

� per capita expenditure on health is $ 9 per year.

� Cost per employee is $ 30 per year.

� informal sector 47.4% of the GDP also affected

00002-E-19 – 1 December 2000


Social Impact� survivors are dependants left without economic support

� epidemic has overwhelmed traditional systems of adoption

� OVC without a steady resource base.

� early teens heading households,

� Children & Women are on the streets

� increased crime rates

� Increased psychologic and spiritual needs.

� traumatic effects of bereavement

00002-E-20 – 1 December 2000


Presidents Statement:

“AIDS is not just a serious threat to our social and economic

development, it is a real threat to our very existence… AIDS

has reduced many families to the status of beggars… no

family in Kenya remains untouched by the suffering and

death caused by AIDS… the real solution of the spread of

AIDS lies with each and everyone of us”

00002-E-21 – 1 December 2000


Government Accelerated Intervention:

- Declaration of AIDS as a national disaster

- Formation of the National AIDS Control Council

- Formulation of the National Strategic Plan

- Formation of a comprehensive Institutional Framework

- Formulation of Legal Framework and Policy Guidelines

- Allocation of Dedicated Resources for HIV/AIDS

- Enhancement of Political Commitment

00002-E-22 – 1 December 2000


Priority Interventions

� Advocacy for Prevention

� Treatment, Continuum of Care and Support

� Mitigation of Socio-Economic Impacts

� Monitoring, Evaluation and Research

� Effective Management and Coordination of the National

Response

impact of aids

Health & Medicine

estimated number of

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impact of aids

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