immediate versus anticipated emotions in social and economic choice david dunning university of...
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Immediate Versus Anticipated Emotions in Social and Economic
Choice
David DunningUniversity of Michigan
With thanks to:
Thomas SchlösserDetlef Fetchenhauer
Choice
RiskyStock A
Rises Drops
Happiness
Disappointment
Choice
RiskyStock A
Rises Drops
SomeHappines
s
Regret
SafeStock B
Rises
Choice
RiskyStock A
Rises Drops
SomeHappines
s
Regret
SafeStock B
Rises
Anticipated Emotions
Choice
RiskyStock A
Rises Drops
SomeHappines
s
Regret
SafeStock B
Rises
Immediate Emotions
• Do Immediate Emotions Matter?
• How Does Their Impact Compare?
A Flip of a Coin(Schlösser et al., JBDM, 2013)
Choice
Flip Coin
Win Lose
Play Safe
Win Lose
Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)
Immediate Emotion Clusters (Keep)(Schlösser et al., JBDM, 2013)
66% v. 24%
Immediate Emotion Clusters (Risk)(Schlösser et al., JBDM, 2013)
17% v. 57%
Flipping a Coin: Variance Explained
Explained Uniquely Explained0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25 0.23
0.170.17
0.11
Immediate
Variance
% V
ari
an
ce
A Laboratory Game
Player 1
Player 2
A Laboratory Game
Player 1
Player 2
Does Not Trust
Player 1 Receives $5
Player 2 Receives $0
A Laboratory Game
Player 1
Player 2
Does Not Trust
Trusts
Player 1 Receives $5
Player 2 Receives $0
Player 1 Receives $10
Player 2 Receives $10
Reciprocates
Player 1 Receives $0Player 2 Receives $20
Violates
Social v. Nonsocial Risks(Schlösser et al., under review, 2015)
• Trust Game
• Coin Flip
• Extended Coin Flip
– add payoffs to another person as well as the
self
The Betrayal Story
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5TrustCoin FlipExtended Flip
An
ger/
Betr
ayal
p < .005
p < .002
p < .03
The Agitation Story
Keep Risk1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5 TrustCoin FlipExtended Flip
Ag
itate
d p < .0001
p < .04
When Do People Risk?
Series10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
65
32 31
TrustCoin FlipExtended Flip
Pct.
Tru
st
p < .008
Taking a Risk: Variance Explained
Explained Unique Explained0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.450.39
0.18
0.29
0.08
Immediate
Variance
% V
ari
an
ce
Conclusions and Thoughts
• Emotions at immediate level matter• People may regulate based on
actions more than on potential outcomes
• Older adults regulate more in terms of emotional satisfaction: Does that mean in terms of outcomes or actions?
• The case of trust