illal al sharaie - reasons for the laws - volume 1 - … bin ja’far al humeyri, from ahmad bin...

Chapter 1The reason for the recognition andingratitude

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. ThePraise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing beupon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Pro-genyasws, and greetings with abundant greetings.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, fromMuhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, fromIbn Bakeyr, from Zarara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the Words of Allahazwj Mightyand Majestic [7:172] And when your Lord brought forthfrom the Children of Adam, from their backs, their des-cendants, and made them testify against their own souls:Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! Heasws said: ‘The re-cognition was affirmed, and it had been forgotten temporarily,and they would be remembering it one day, and if it were notfor that, no one would realise Who Created him nor Who Sus-tains him’.1

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Mutawakkil narrated to us, fromAbdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad,from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer,from Dawood Al Raqy,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘When Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic Intended to Create the creatures, Created them, andDisplayed them in front of Himazwj, then Said to them: “Who isyour Lordazwj?” So the first ones to speak were Rasool-Al-lahsaww and Amir Al-Momineenasws, and the Imamsasws. Sotheyasws said: ‘Youazwj are ourasws Lordazwj!’

Thus, Allahazwj Blessed themasws with the Knowledge and theReligion, then Said to the Angels: “Theyasws are carrying

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Myazwj Religion, and Myazwj Knowledge, and Myazwj Trusteesamong Myazwj creatures, and theyasws would be Questioned”.Then Allahazwj Said to the Children of Adamas: ‘Do you all ac-cept Allahazwj for the Lordship, and for these persons for theobedience and the Wilayah?’ So they said, ‘Yes, our Lordazwj,we accept!’ So Allahazwj Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty Said to theAngels: “Bear witness upon that lest tomorrow they saySurely, we were heedless of this [7:173] Or you shouldsay: But rather, only our fathers associated others (withAllah) before, and we were an offspring after them: WillYou then Destroy us for deeds of the wrong-doers?’ O Da-wood! The Prophetsas confirmed against them with regards tothe Covenant’.2

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, fromAhmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Ibn Ismail BinBazi’e, from Salih Bin Uqba, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad AlJu’fy and Uqba altogether,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and MajesticCreated the creatures, so Allahazwj Created the ones Heazwj

Loved from what Heazwj Loved, and what Heazwj Loved was theclay of the Paradise. And Heazwj Created the one Heazwj Hatedfrom what Heazwj Hated, that Heazwj Created him from the clayof the Fire, then Sent them into the shadows’. So I said, ‘Andwhich thing is the shadow?’ So heasws said: ‘Have you not seenyour own shadow in the sun, it is a thing (an image) but it isnot something (on its own)? Then Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsas

from them, so theyas invited them (the people) to the accept-ance of Allahazwj and these are the Words of the Mighty andMajestic [43:87] And if you should ask them who createdthem, they would certainly say: Allah.

Then Allahazwj invited them to the acceptance of the Proph-etsas. So some of them rejected and some of them accepted.Then invited them to ourasws Wilayah, so by Allahazwj, the onlyones who were Beloved (to Allahazwj) accepted it, and the oneswho were Hated, rejected it. And these are the Words of theMighty and Majestic [10:74] but they would not believe inwhat they had belied before’. Then Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘Thebelying is from then’.3

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Chapter 2The reason for the Veiling of Allah(azwj)Mighty is His(azwj) Majesty, from His(azwj)creatures

Al Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Muhammad BinBandaar, from Muhammad Ibn Ali, from Muhammad BinAbdullah

Al-Khurasany, a servant of Al-Rezaas, said, ‘One of the Athe-ists said to Abu Al-Hassanasws, ‘Why is Allahazwj Veiled?’ SoAbu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘The Veil is from the creatures due tothe frequency of their sins. Heazwj is not Concealed from themout of fear, neither day or the night’. He said, ‘So why can’t thevision visualise Himazwj?’ Heasws said: ‘The difference betweenHimazwj and Hisazwj creatures to be able to see Himazwj by thesense of the vision. Heazwj is Higher than to be Visualised bythe vision, or imagined by the imaginations, or to be graspedby the intellect’.

He said, ‘So (define) Hisazwj limits to me’. Heasws said:‘Heazwj has no limits’. He said, ‘Why not?’ Heasws said: ‘Be-cause Hisazwj every limit is limited to a certain extent, so if thelimitation is defined, the increase is defined, and if the increaseis defined, the deficiency is defined. Thus Heazwj is without lim-itations. Neither can there be an increase, nor can Heazwj beexceeded, nor imagined’.4

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad,from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed,from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, ‘For which reason has Al-lahazwj Mighty and Majestic Veiled Himselfazwj from thecreatures?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Blessed and HighBuilt their foundations upon the ignorance. So, if they had

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been able to see Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, they wouldhave neither Revered (Honoured) Himazwj nor MagnifiedHimazwj. That is like one of you looking at the House of Al-lahazwj (Kabah) for the first time, he reveres it, but if he comesto it every day and he sees it, or even barely sees it when hepasses by it, he would not revere it with that reverence (whichhe had the first time)’.5


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Chapter 3Reason for the affirmation of the Proph-ets(as) and the Mursils(as) , and reason forthe difference in their(as) evidences(Miracles)

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from MuhammadBin Al Hassan Al Asffar, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa,from Al Husayn Bin Ali, from Amro Bin Abu Al Maqdam, fromIs’haq Bin Ghalib,

From Abu Abdullahasws in a speech of hisasws, saying in it:‘The Praise is for Allahazwj, the Veiled by the Light besidesHisazwj creatures, in the high horizons, and the lofty splendour,and the Grand King, Exalted above everything, and near toeverything. So Hisazwj Manifestation to Hisazwj creatures isfrom without being seen, and Heazwj Sees, and Heazwj is at theExalted Station. Thus, Heazwj Loves the Specialisation in theOneness when Heazwj is Veiled by Hisazwj Light, and Hisazwj

Towering Elevation and Veiling from Hisazwj creatures in orderfor the Evident Proof to be for Himazwj. And Heazwj Establishedthe Prophetsas, and the Heralds of good news, and warnersamong them, so that the destroyed one would be destroyed bythe proofs, and the revived one would be revived by the proofand it would make sense to the servants, from their Lordazwj,what they were ignorant of, and they would recognise Himazwj

by Hisazwj Lordship after what they had denied, and theywould accept Hisazwj Oneness after having turned away fromit’.6

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed nar-rated to us, from Muhamad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, fromAhmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed,from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

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‘Abu Abdullahasws was asked about the Words of Allahazwj

Mighty and Majestic [11:118] And if your Lord had soDesired it, He would have Made people as a single na-tion, and they will not stop differing [11:119] Except forthose on whom your Lord has Mercy; and it is for that didHe Create them. So heasws said: ‘They were one community,so Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsasws in order to take the argu-ment against them’.7

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ali BinIbrahim, from his father, from Al Abbas Bin Amro Al Faqeymi,from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,

Abu Abdullahasws has said to the atheist who asked himasws,from where would heasws be proving the Mursilsas and theProphetsas, so heasws said: ‘When weasws have proved thatthere is a Creator for us, a Maker, Exalted from us, and for allthat Heazwj Created, and that Maker is Wise, Exalted, not per-missible for the creatures to see Himazwj and to feel Himazwj,and Heazwj Holds discussion with them and they hold discus-sions with Himazwj, and Heazwj Argues with them and they ar-gue with Himazwj.

It is thereby proved that there are ambassadors for Himazwj

among Hisazwj creatures, bringing Messages from Himazwj toHisazwj creatures and Hisazwj servants, and pointing them to-wards their own correctness, and their benefits, and what theirremaining would be due to, and what destruction would be forthem in its neglect.

So, it is proved that the enjoiners and the forbidders(coming) from the Wise, the All-Knowledgeable, are amongHisazwj creatures, and the bringers of the Messages fromHimazwj, the Mighty and Majestic, and theyas are the Proph-etsas, and Hisazwj Elites from Hisazwj creatures, educating withthe wisdom, having Sent with it, not association with thepeople in anything from their conditions, teaching from thePresence of the All-Wise, the All-Knowing, with the wisdom.

Then that is affirmed in every time period and era, what theRasoolsas and the Prophetsas came with, from the evidencesand the proofs, so that the earth of Allahazwj would not bedevoid of a Proof to be with it, a knower of the truthfulness ofHisazwj Speech and having Reasons for Hisazwj Justice’.8

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Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Ab-dullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle Al HusaynBin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having beenasked by a man, so he said, ‘For which thing did Allahazwj Sendthe Prophetsas and the Mursilsas to the people?’ So heasws

said: ‘So that there would not be an argument for the peopleagainst Allahazwj from after the Apostles (having been Sent)that perhaps they would be saying, ‘There did not come to usany Herald, nor a warner’, and it would become an Argumentof Allahazwj against them. Have you not heard Allahazwj

Mighty and Majestic Saying, Relating from the keeper of Hell,and the pleading of the inhabitants of the Fire, regarding theProphetsas and the Rasoolsas [67:8] Did there not come toyou a warner? [67:9] They shall say: Yes! Indeed therecame to us a warner, but we rejected (him) and said: Al-lah has not Revealed anything, you are only in a great er-ror’.9

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, fromAhmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from someone else,from Al Husayn Bin Naeem Al Sahaaf who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Can it happen that the Believingman for whom the belief has been affirmed for, Allahazwj wouldTurn him to the disbelief after the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Verily,Allahazwj, Heazwj is Just. But rather, Heazwj Sent the Rasoolsas

to invite the people to the belief in Allahazwj, and did not inviteanyone to the disbelief’. I said, ‘So, can it happen than the dis-believing man, for whom the disbelief has been affirmed forwith Allahazwj, so Allahazwj would Turn him, after that, fromthe disbelief to the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic Created the people upon the nature which Allahazwj

has Natured them upon that they neither recognised the beliefwith a Law, nor disbelief with ingratitude. Then Allahazwj Sentthe Rasoolsas to them inviting them to the belief in Allahazwj, asan Argument of Allahazwj against them. Thus, among them wasone whom Allahazwj Guided, and among them was one whomAllahazwj did not Guide’.10

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from AlHusayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abu Abdullah Al Sayari,from Abu Yaqoub Al Baghdady who said,

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‘Ibn Al-Sakeet said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Why didAllahazwj Mighty and Majestic Send Musaas Bin Imranas withthe (miracles of) the staff, and the white hand, and Miracles ofthe magic, and Sent Isaas with the medicine, and SentMuhammadas with the speech and the sermons?’

So Abu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘When Allahazwj Blessed andHigh Sent Musaas, the magic was pre-dominant over thepeople of hisas era. So heas came to them from the Presence ofAllahazwj Mighty and Majestic with what the people did nothave the happening of something similar to it, and with thatheas invalidated their magic, and proved by it the argumentagainst them.

And that Allahazwj Sent Isaas during a time in which such dis-eases had become apparent that the people were needy for themedicine. So heas gave to them, from the Presence of Allahazwj

Mighty and Majestic with that, the similar to it was not withthem, and with what heas revived for them the dead, and curedthe blindness for them, and the leprosy, by the Permission ofAllahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and proved the argumentagainst them.

And that Allahazwj Blessed and High Sent Muhammadsaww

during a time during which the sermons and the speeches andeloquence were pre-dominant over the people, and the poetry.So hesaww gave to them from the Book of Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic, and its Sermons and its Ordinances, by which theirspeech was invalidated, and by it hesaww proved the argumentagainst them’.

So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘Exalted is Allahazwj! I have not seenthe likes of youasws today, at all. So what is the Proof over thepeople today?’ So heasws said: ‘The intellect by which the truth-ful can be recognised so heasws (the Proof of Allahazwj) can beratified (approved), and the liar to Allahazwj, so that he can bebelied’. So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘By Allahazwj! This is the an-swer’.11

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Chapter 4Reason for the Miracle

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Ab-dullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle, from Ali Bin AbuHamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘For which reason did Allahazwj

Give to Hisazwj Prophetsas and Hisazwj Rasoolsas, the Mir-acles?’ So heasws said: ‘In order for there to be an evidence tothe truthfulness of the one who comes with it. And the Miracle,it is a Sign of Allahazwj, been Given to Hisazwj Prophetsas, andHisazwj Rasoolsas in order for the truthfulness of the truthfulcan be recognised, from the lies of the liars’.12


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Chapter 5The reason due to which the DeterminedOnes (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘TheDetermined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam)

My father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad BinMuhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Ibn Hakam, from Al Mufazzal BinSalih Bin Jabir Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding theWords of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [20:115] And We hadGiven a Covenant to Adam before, but he forgot; and Wedid not find determination in him. Heasws said: ‘Covenan-ted with himas in regards to Muhammadsaww and theImamsasws from after himsaww, and there was no determinationfor himsaww regarding themasws that theyasws are like this. Butrather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named assuch because a Covenant was Taken with them in regards toMuhammadsaww and the successorsasws after himsaww, and Al-Mahdiasws, and hisasws way, so theyas unanimously agreedthat, that is like that, and the acceptance by it’.13

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, fromAhmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin AlHassan Bin Fazaal, from his father,

Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws has said: ‘But rather, theDetermined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as ‘TheDetermined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), because they used to be theowners of the Resolutions and the Law, and that is that everyProphetsaww who was after Noahas was upon hisas Law andhisas Manifesto and the follower of hisas Book up until the eraof Ibrahim the Friendas.

And a Prophetas who was during the days of Ibrahimas, andafter himas was upon the Law of Ibrahimas and hisas Manifesto,

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and a follower of hisas Book up until the era of Musaas. Andevery Prophetas during the era of Musaas and after himas wasupon the Law of Musaas and hisas Manifesto, and a follower ofhisas Book up until the days of Isaas. And every Prophetas whowas during the days of Isaas and after himas was upon theManifesto of Isaas, and hisas Law, and a follower of hisas Bookup until the era of our Prophetsaww.

Thus, these are the five who are ‘The Determined Ones’ (UlAl-Azam), and they are the highest of the Prophetsas and theRasoolsas, and the Law of Muhammadsaww would not getAbrogated until the Day of Judgement, nor will there be aProphetsaww after himsaww up to the Day of Judgement. So theone who claims (to be a Prophetas) after our Prophetsaww, orcomes with a Book after the Quran, so his blood is Permissible(to be shed) by everyone who hears that from him’.14


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Chapter 6The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Com-manded for the obedience to theRasool(saww) and the Imams(asws)

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us,from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin AbduAbdullah, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibn Az-ina, from Aban Bin Abu Ayyash, from Suleym Bin Qays whosaid,

‘I heard Amir Al-Momineenasws saying: ‘But rather, the obed-ience is to Allahazwj and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww and theMastersasws of the Command (Wali Al-Amr). But rather, Heazwj

Commanded for the obedience to the Mastersasws of the Com-mand because theyasws are Infallible, Purified, and they are notenjoining for the disobedience’.15


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Chapter 7The reason due to which there is a need tothe Prophet(saww) and the Imam(asws)

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Al Mugheira BinMuhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Ibn Shimr,from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws Bin Ali Al-Baqirasws,‘For which thing is there a need to the Prophetsaww and theImamasws?’ So heasws said: ‘For the remaining of the know-ledgeable one for his correctness, and that is the (reason that)Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Raised the Punishment from thepeople of the earth if there was a Prophetas or an Imamasws init. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said [8:33] But Allah wasnot going to Punish them whilst you were among them.

And the Prophetsaww said: ‘The stars are a security for theinhabitants of the sky, and the Peopleasws of mysaww House-hold are a security for the inhabitants of the earth. So if thestars were to go away, there would come to the inhabitants ofthe sky what they dislike, and if the Peopleasws of mysaww

Household go away, there would come to the inhabitants of theearth what they dislike’ – meaning by the Peopleasws of theHousehold, the Imamsasws, the obedience to whom Allahazwj

has Paired as being obedience to Himazwj, so Heazwj Said[4:59] O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasooland those in authority from among you, and theyasws arethe Infallible, the Purified who are not committing any sins norare theyasws disobeying (Allahazwj), and theyasws are the sup-porters, the conciliators, the Guides due to whom Allahazwj

Sustains Hisazwj servants. It is due to themasws that Hisazwj

Countries survive, and it is due to themasws that there are

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drops (of rain) from the sky, and it is due to themasws that theBlessings come out from the earth, and it is due to themasws

that the Torment and the Punishment is delayed and is nothastened upon the people of the disobedience. Neither will theHoly Spirit separate from them nor would theyasws separatefrom it. Neither will theyasws separate from the Quran, norwould it separate from themasws’.16


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Chapter 8The reason due to which the Prophet(saww)came to be higher than the (rest of the)Prophets(as)

Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al Sani’e narrated to us, fromAhmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ja’far BinUbeydullah, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Salih Bin Sahl,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘One of the Qureysh said toRasool-Allahsaww, ‘With what thing do youasws preceded the(other) Prophetsas and have preference over themas, andyousaww have been Sent at the end of themas, and as theiras

last one?’ Hesaww said: ‘Isaww was the first one who acceptedmysaww Lordazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, and the first onewho answered when Heazwj Took the Covenant from the Proph-etsas, [7:172] and made them testify against their ownsouls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! We testify. SoIsaww preceded them all to the acceptance of Allahazwj Mightyand Majestic’.17


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Chapter 9The reason due to which the Prophet(saww)was called ‘Al-Ummy’

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, fromAhmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abdullah MuhammadBin Khalid Al Barqy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Sowfy whosaid,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Al-Rezaasws, ‘O sonasws of the Rasool-Allahsaww, why has theProphetsaww been called ‘Al-Ummy?’. Heasws said: ‘What arethe people saying?’ I said, ‘They are alleging that hesaww hasbeen called ‘Al-Ummy’ because heasws could not write well.’

Heasws said: ‘They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allahazwj,Iasws for that, say that Allahazwj has Said in the Decisive(Verse) of Hisazwj Book [62:2] He is the One Who Sentamong the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from amongthemselves, reciting to them His Communications andpurifying them, and teaching them the Book and theWisdom, How does hesaww teach them whilst not been welllearned? By Allahazwj, the Rasool-Allahsaww was able to readand write seventy two’ - (or said) - ‘seventy three languages,and Heasws has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because hesaww wasfrom the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of alltowns, and that is in the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majest-ic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns andthose around it’.18

And it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan,from Sa’d Bin Abdullah, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al-Khashaab,from Ali Bin Hasaan, and Ali Bin Asbaat, and someone else,with a chain going up to,

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It was asked from Abu Ja’farasws that, ‘The people claim thatRasool-Allahsaww could not write or read.’ Heasws said: ‘Theylie! Curse of Allahazwj be upon them. Iasws for that say that Al-lahazwj has Said [62:2] He it is Who Sent among the inhab-itants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, recit-ing to them His Communications and purifying them,and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, althoughthey were from before in clear error. How did hesaww teachthem the Book and the Wisdom, without being good at readingand writing?’ I said, ‘Why was the Prophetsaww called ‘Al-Ummy?’ Heasws said: ‘Heasws was established in Mecca, andthat is the Statement of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92]And that you may warn the mother of towns and thosearound her, and the mother of towns is Mecca. Thus, hesaww

was Referred to as Ummy because of that.’19

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us,from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from AbdulRahman Bin Abu Najran, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, fromhis father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having beenasked about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:19]and this Quran has been Revealed to me that with it Imay warn you, and whomsoever it reaches. Heasws said:‘By every language’.20

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Ab-dullah Bin Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, fromShareef Bin Sabiq Al Tafleysi, from Al Fazal Bin Abu Qarat,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding thewords of Yusufas [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority)over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, know-ing well. Heasws said: ‘A keeper of whatever was under hisas

hand (control), and a knower of every language’.21

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Is’haq Al Maazarany at AlBasra, from Abu Qalba Abdul Malik Bin Muhammad, from Gh-anim Bin Al Hassan Al Sa’ady, from Muslim Bin Khalid AlMakky,

from Ja’far Ibn Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws hav-ing said: ‘Allahazwj did not Send down a Book, nor a Revelationexcept in Arabic. So it used to occur in the hearing of the

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Prophetsas in the language of theiras people, and it used to oc-cur in the hearing of our Prophetsaww in Arabic. So whenevertheyas used to speak to theiras people, did so in Arabic, and itused to occur in their hearings in their own language. And oneof us would not address Rasool-Allahazwj in whichever lan-guage except that it would occur in hissaww hearing in Arabic.All that was translated by Jibraeelas in hissaww honour, from Al-lahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.22

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Chapter 10The reason due to which the Prophet(saww)was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’,and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Naz-eer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’,and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’,and ‘Maqaba’

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from anuncle of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin AbuAbdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, fromAbdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya, from Amaar, from Al Has-san Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfatherasws Al-Has-sanasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘There camea number of Jews to Rasool-Allahsaww. So they asked himsaww,and hesaww let them know with regards to what they had askedhimsaww. So (one of them) asked, ‘For which thing (reason)have yousaww been named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and‘Abu Al-Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’?’

So the Prophetsaww said: ‘As for ‘Muhammad’, so Isaww amthe praised one in the earth; and as for ‘Ahmad’, so Isaww amthe praised one in the sky; and as for ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, so Al-lahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Divide the Fire on the Dayof Judgement, so the one who rejected mesaww, from theformer ones and the later ones, so he would be in the Fire. AndHeazwj would Divide a division of the Paradise, so the one whobelieve in mesaww, and accepted with mysaww Prophet-hood, sohe would be in the Paradise. And as for ‘Al Da’aiy’, so Isaww callthe people to the Religion of mysaww Lordazwj Mighty andMajestic. And as for ‘Al-Nazeer, so Isaww warn of the Fire to

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the one who disobeys mesaww. And as for ‘Al-Basheer’, so Isaww

give the good news of the Paradise to the one who obeysmesaww’.23

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from AliBin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassanasws, so I said to himasws, ‘Why wasthe Prophetsaww teknonymed with ‘Abu Al-Qasim’?’ So heasws

said to him: ‘Because hesaww had a son called ‘Qasim’, thushesaww was teknonymed due to him’.

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws ofRasool-Allahsaww! So do youasws see me as one deserving ofthe increase (in the information)?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes. Do youknow that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are the twofathers of this community?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘But, doyou know that Rasool-Allahsaww is the father of the entirety ofhissaww community, and Aliasws is among them, is of hissaww

status?’ So I said, ‘Yes’.Heasws said: ‘But, do you know that Aliasws is the Distributor

of the Paradise and the Fire?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘Sohesaww was referred to as ‘Abu Al-Qasim’ because hesaww isthe father of the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire’. So Isaid to himasws, ‘And what is the meaning of that?’ So heasws

said: ‘The compassion of the Prophetsaww upon hissaww com-munity is that of the compassion of the fathers upon the chil-dren, and the best of hissaww community is Aliasws. And afterhimsaww, is the compassion of Aliasws upon them, just likehissaww compassion, because heasws is hissaww successorasws,and hissaww Caliph, and the Imamasws from after himsaww.Thus, it is due to that, hesaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are thetwo fathers of this community’.

And the Prophetsaww ascended the Pulpit and said: ‘The onewho leaves debts or losses, so it (responsibility) is uponmesaww and to mesaww, and the one who leaves wealth, so it isfor his inheritors’. Thus, by that hesaww became closer to themthan their own (biological) fathers and mothers, and becamecloser to them than their own selves. And like that is Amir Al-Momineenasws after himsaww. That flowed for himasws likewhat flowed for Rasool-Allahsaww’.24

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Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Shah narrated tous, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Ahmad Al Bagh-dady, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Sakht, fromMuhammad Bin al Aswad Al Waraq, from Ayoub Bin Suleyman,from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, fromMuhammad Bin Am Mankadar, from Jabir Bin Abdullah whosaid,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww am the one who resemblesAdamas the most from the people, and Ibrahimas resemblesmesaww the most from the people, in hisas creation and hisas

manners, and Allahazwj has Named meas from above Hisazwj

Throne with ten names and Described mesaww, and Gavemysaww glad tidings upon the tongues of every Rasoolsaww thatAllahazwj Sent to hisas people, and Named mesaww, and Publi-cised mysaww name in the Torah, and Broadcast mysaww re-membrance among the people of the Torah, and the Evangel,and Taught mesaww Hisazwj Book, and Raised mesaww toHisazwj sky.

And Heazwj Endowed for mesaww a Name from Hisazwj

Names, so Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Muhammad’, and Heazwj

is the Praised One, and Raised mesaww among the best genera-tion of mysaww communities. And Heazwj Made mysaww name tobe in the Torah as ‘Aheed’. So, it was due to the Oneness thatHeazwj Forbade the bodies of mysaww community upon theFire. And Heazwj Named mesaww in the Evangel as ‘Ahmad’.Thus, Isaww am the praised one among the inhabitants of thesky, and Heazwj Made mysaww community to be the praisingones. And Heazwj Made mysaww name in the Psalms to be‘Mahiya’, so Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Obliterate(Mahou) the worshipping of the idols from the earth. AndHeazwj Made mysaww name in the Quran to be ‘Muhammad’, soIsaww am the praised one among the gathered ones on the Dayof Judgement with regards to the Decision and the Judgement.No one would intercede apart from mesaww.

And Heazwj Named mesaww for the Day of Judgement as‘Haashira’, the people being crammed to be in front of mesaww.And Hesaww Named mesaww as ‘Al-Mowqaf’, for Isaww would bepausing the people in front of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic.And Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Al-Aaqib’, (because) Isaww amthe end result of the Prophets, there not being any Rasoolas to

23

come after mesaww. And Heazwj Made mesaww to be theRasoolsaww of the Mercy, and a Rasoolsaww of the epic (after along series of Prophetsas), and ‘Al-Muqtafi’, being similar tothe group of the Prophetsas. And Isaww am ‘Al-Muqeem’, andIsaww am a fully inclusive resident.

And mysaww Lordazwj Favoured upon mesaww and Said tomesaww: “O Muhammadsaww! May Blessings be upon yousaww,Iazwj have Sent every Rasoolas to hisas community with its lan-guage, and Sent yousaww to every red one, and black one fromMyazwj creatures, and Helped yousaww with the awe (wonder)which Iazwj did not Help anyone (else) with, and Made Permiss-ible for yousaww, the war booty, and have not Made it Permiss-ible to anyone before yousaww and Given yousaww, for yousaww

and for yoursaww community, a treasure from the treasures ofMyazwj Throne – the Opening of the Book (Surah Al-Fatiha) andthe end part of the Surah Al-Baqarah. And Iazwj have Made theearth, to be for yousaww and for yoursaww community, all of it,as a Masjid (a place of Prostration), and its dust to be a meansof purification. And Iazwj Gave to yousaww and to yoursaww com-munity, the Exclamation of Greatness (Takbeer), and Pairedyoursaww mention and Myazwj Mention, to the extent that noone from yoursaww community would mention Meazwj, exceptthat he would (have to) mention yousaww along with Myazwj

Mention. So Good News be to yousaww, O Muhammadsaww, andto yoursaww community’.25

23 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 124 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 225 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 106 H 3

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Chapter 11The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mightyand Majestic Said to His(azwj) Proph-et(saww) [10:94] But if you are in doubt asto what We have Revealed to you, ask thosewho read the Book before you

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’farBin Muhammad Ibn Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Ab-dullah, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abu Al Khayr, fromMuhammad Bin Hisan, from Muhammad Bin Isa, fromMuhammad Bin Ismail Al Dary,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Saeed Al-Azkhary – and he was from the ones who were the companionsof Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Rezaasws – that Musa in-formed him that Yahya Bin Aksam wrote to him asking himabout a problem, and in it was, ‘And inform me about theWords of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [10:94] But if youare in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, askthose who read the Book before you, who is being Ad-dressed by this Verse? For, if it was the Prophetsaww who wasbeing Addressed, did hesaww have doubt in what Allahazwj

Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto himsaww? And if it wassomeone else, so is it upon someone else that the Quran hadbeen Revealed?’

Musa said, ‘So I asked my brotherasws, Aliasws BinMuhammadasws about that, so heasws said: ‘As for Hisazwj

Words [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We haveRevealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you,so the one Addressed by that is Rasool-Allahsaww, and it wasnot the doubt about what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had

25

Revealed unto himsaww, but the ignoramuses said, ‘How comethere has not been Sent to us a Prophetas from the Angels?’They could not differentiate between himsaww and others withregards to being self-sufficient from the eating, and the drink-ing, and the walking in the markets.

So, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Hisazwj

Prophetsaww ask those who read the Book before you in thepresence of the ignorance, ‘Has Allahazwj ever Sent a Rasoolas

except that heas ate the food, and walked in the markets? Andfor yousaww theyas were examples. But rather, Heazwj Said[10:94] But if you are in doubt, and did not Say, ‘But in or-der to do justice to them’, just as Heazwj Said to himsaww

[3:61] then say: Come let us call our sons and your sonsand our women and your women and ourselves and yourselves, then imprecate, so let the Curse of Allah be uponthe liars. And Heazwj could have Said: “Come, let us imprec-ate, so let the Curse of Allahazwj be upon the liars”.

They (the Christians of Najran) would not have been able toanswer to the imprecation and would have recognised thathesaww is indeed Allahazwj Prophetsaww, a performer in accord-ance with Hisazwj Message, and hesaww is not from the liars,and thus recognise the Prophetsaww that hesaww is a truthfulwith regards to what hesaww is saying, but Iazwj Loved it thathesaww should do justice from himself’.26

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al HusaynBin Al Hassan Bin Abaan, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, fromHamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar,

It was asked from the one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws)regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic toHisazwj Prophetsaww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as towhat We have Revealed to you, ask those who read theBook before you. Heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww

do not doubt, nor do Isaww Question’.27


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Chapter 12Reason for the Prophet(saww) greeting thechildren

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy Al Samar-qandy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud,from his father, from Abu Al Nasar Muhammad Bin Masoud AlAyyashi, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, fromMuhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Al Abbas Ibn Hilal,

(It has been narrated) from Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws,from hisasws fatherasws Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, from hisasws

fatherasws Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fath-erasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws

Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin AbuTalibasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘There are five(characteristics) that Isaww shall not leave till the death – Eat-ing upon the low ground along with the slaves, and riding thedonkey with the saddle, and milking the goat with mysaww ownhands, and wearing wool, and the greeting to the children, inorder for that to be a Sunnah from after mesaww’.28


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Chapter 13The reason due to which Allah(azwj) Mightyand Majestic Made His(azwj) Prophet(saww)to be an orphan

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Abu AlAbbas Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al HassanBin Fazaal, from his brother, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad IbnAbdullah Bin Marwan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of hiscompanions,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said:‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made Hisazwj Prophetsaww to bean orphan that there would not happen to be anyone hesaww

had to be obedient to’.29


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Chapter 14The reason due to which a son did not re-main for Rasool-Allah(saww)

Ali Bin Haatim Al Qazwiny informed us with regards to whatwas written to him, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Ham-dan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdul-lah Bin Hamaad, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Why didthere not remain a son for Rasool-Allahsaww?’ Heasws said: ‘Be-cause Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created Muhammadsaww

as our Prophetsaww, and Aliasws as a successorasws. So if therewas a son for Rasool-Allahsaww from after himsaww, he wouldhave been closer with Rasool-Allahsaww than Amir Al-Momin-eenasws, so the successorship of Amir Al-Momineenasws wouldnot have been affirmed’.30


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Chapter 15Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj)

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Sanany narrated to us, from AliBin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Daqaq, and Al-Husayn Bin IbrahimBin Hisham Al-Mowdab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Waraq, fromMuhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al-Kufy Al-Asady, from Musa BinUmran Al-Nakha’ie, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al-Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Sabit IbnDinar who said,

‘I asked Zayn Al-Abideenasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws BinAliasws Bin Abu Talibasws about Allahazwj Majestic is Hisazwj

Majesty, can Heazwj be described with a place?’ So heasws said:‘Allahazwj is Higher than that’.

I said, ‘Why did Heazwj Make Hisazwj Prophetsaww to ascendto the sky?’ Heasws said: ‘To Make himsaww see the Kingdomsof the skies and whatever is in these from the wonders ofHisazwj Making and Hisazwj creatures’. I said, ‘So (what about)the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [53:8] Then heapproached, so he bowed [53:9] So he was the measureof two bows or even closer?’ Heasws said: ‘That is Rasool-Al-lahsaww, approaching the Veils of the Light. So hesaww saw theKingdoms of the skies, then heasws bowed, so hesaww lookedunderneath himsaww to the kingdoms of the earth until hesaww

thought hesaww was near to the earth [53:9] the measure oftwo bows or even closer’.31

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Ahmad Bin Hisham Al Mo’dab,and Ali Bin Abdullah Al Waraaq and Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’faral Hamdany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin Hashim,from his father, from Yahya Bin Abu Umran and Salih Bin AlSandy, from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman who said,

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‘I said to Abu Al-Hassan Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, ‘What wasthe reason for Allahazwj to Ascend Hisazwj Prophetsaww to thesky, and from it to the Lote Tree, and from it to Veils of Light.And Heazwj Addressed himsaww and hesaww whispered toHimazwj over there, and Allahazwj cannot be described by aplace?’

So heasws said: ‘Surely, Allahazwj cannot be described to bein a place, nor does the time flow for Himazwj, but the Mightyand Majestic Intended that Heazwj should Grant the Nobility toHisazwj Angels and the inhabitants of the skies, and Honourthem by looking at himsaww. And Heazwj Showed himsaww fromthe great wonders what hesaww informed of after hissaww des-cent. And that is not as per what the resemblers (who make re-sembles of Allahazwj) are saying. Glorious is Heazwj from whatthey are describing Himazwj to be’.32


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Chapter 16The reason due to which the Prophet(saww)did not ask his(saww) Lord(azwj) Mighty andMajestic for the lessening from his(saww)community, from fifty Prayers, untilMusa(as) asked him(saww) to do so; and thereason due to which he(as) did not ask forthe lessening them from the five Prayers

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Aasim narrated to us, fromMuhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Suley-man, from Ismail Bin Ibrahim, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad AlTameemi, from Al Husayn Bin Alwaan, from Amro Bin Khalid,

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Aliasws who said, ‘Iasked my fatherasws, the Chief of the Worshippers, so I said, ‘Ofatherasws! Inform me about our grandfather Rasool-Allahsaww,when hesaww was ascended with to the sky, and hissaww

Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic Commanded himsaww with fiftyPrayers, why did hesaww not ask for the lessening from hissaww

community until Musaas Bin Imranas said to himsaww: ‘Returnto yoursaww Lordazwj, and ask Himazwj for the lessening, foryoursaww community would not be able to bear that’.

So heasws said: ‘O myasws son! Rasool-Allahsaww never usedto suggest (anything) to hissaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic,nor did hesaww ever had it reviewed anything that hesaww hadbeen Commanded with. So when Musaas asked that, heas wasan interceder for hissaww community to himsaww. It was notpermissible for himsaww to turn down the intercession ofhissaww brotheras Musaas. Therefore, hesaww returned tohissaww Lord and asked for the lessening up to hesaww got itdown to five Prayers.

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I said to him asws, ‘Why did hesaww not return to hissaww

Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic and ask Himazwj for the lessen-ing from five Prayers, although Musaas had asked himsaww toreturn to hissaww Lordazwj and ask Himazwj for the lessening?’So heasws said: ‘O myasws son! Hesaww wanted to achieve forhissaww community, the Recompense of fifty Prayers with thefive Prayers. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic is Saying [6:160]Whoever comes with a good deed, he shall have ten likeit. Do you not see that when hesaww descended to the earth,Jibraeelas descended unto himsaww, so heas said: ‘OMuhammadsaww! Yoursaww Lordazwj Conveys the Greetings toyousaww, and is Saying: “It is five for the fifty. Myazwj Wordshave not Changed, and Iazwj am not the least unjust to theservants”.

So I said to himasws, ‘O fatherasws! Is it not that Allahazwj

cannot to be Described with a place?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj isHigher than that, Exalted, Great’. I said, ‘So what is the Mean-ing of the words of Musaas: ‘Return to yoursaww Lordazwj’?’ Soheasws said: ‘The meaning of it is the meaning of the words ofIbrahimas [37:99] And he said: Surely I am going to myLord; He will Guide me; and the meaning of the words ofMusaas [20:84] and I hastened on to You, Lord, so thatYou would be Pleased; and the Meaning of the Words of theMighty and Majestic [51:50] Therefore flee to Allah – Mean-ing go to Hajj of the House of Allahazwj (Kabah).

O myasws son! The Kabah is the House of Allahazwj, so theone who does the Hajj of the House of Allahazwj, so he hasheaded towards Allahazwj. And the Masajids are the Houses ofAllahazwj, so the one who runs towards these, so he has run toAllahazwj and headed towards Himazwj. And the Praying one,for as long as he is in the Prayer, so he has paused in front ofAllahazwj, Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty. And the people paused atArafat, they have paused in front of Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic. And Allahazwj the High has Locations in the skies, sothe one who ascends to a location from it, so he has ascendedto Himazwj. Have you not hear Allahazwj Mighty and MajesticSaying [70:4] To Him ascend the Angels and the Spirit;and Heazwj is Saying regarding the story of Isaas [4:158] But!Allah Raised him up to Himself; and is Saying [35:10] To

33

Him do ascend the good words; and the good deeds liftthem up’.33


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Chapter 17Reason for the love of the Prophet(saww) forAqeel Bin Abu Talib(as) with two loves

Abu Muhammad Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Bin AlHassan Bin Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah Ibn Al Husayn Bin Ali Bin AlHusayn Bin Ali Bin Abu Talib asws narrated to us saygin, ‘Mygrandfather Yahya Ibn Al Hassan narrated to me, from IbrahimBin Muhammad Bin Yusuf Al Faryabi Al Mqadasy, from Ali BinAl Hassan, from Ibrahim Bin Rustam, from Abu Hamaza Al As-kary, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy, from Abdul Rahman BinSabat who said,

‘The Prophetsaww was saying to Aqeel: ‘Isaww love you, OAqeel, with two loves – a love for you and a love for the love forAbu Talibas for you’.34


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Chapter 18The reason due to which Rasool-Allah(saww)used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep)much more than the rest of the parts of thesheep

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from MuhammadBin Yahya Al Ataar, from Muhammad Bin Ahmad, from Ali BinAl Rayan Ubeydullah Bin Abdullah Al Wasity, from Wasil BinSuleyman, or from Darast,

(It has been narrated) raising it to Abu Abdullahasws, said, ‘Isaid to himasws, ‘Why was it that Rasool-Allahazwj loved(eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than hesaww lovedthe rest of the parts of the sheep?’ So heasws said: ‘BecauseAdamas offered an offering (sacrifice) on behalf of the Proph-etsas from hisas offspring, so heas named a part for everyProphetas, and named the arm for Rasool-Allahazwj. Thus, fromthen on, hesaww used to love (eating) the arm. Hesaww coveted(desired) it, and loved it, and preferred it’.35

And in another Hadeeth –‘Rasool-Allahsaww used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep)

due to its proximity from the pastures and its remoteness fromthe private parts’.36

_Abu Nasr Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Ahmad Bin Ubeyd AlNeysabouri Al Marwany narrated to us at Naysabour, and fo-cussed at what was received from him, from Muhammad BinIs’haq Bin Ibrahim Bin Mahran Al Siraj, from Al Hassan Bin Ar-fat Al Abady, from Waki’e Bin Al Jarah, from Muhammad Ibn Is-rail, from Abu Salih,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Zarras having said, ‘Ias heardRasool-Allahsaww and hesaww was saying: ‘Isaww and Aliasws BinAbu Talibasws were Created from One Light. Weasws were

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Glorifying Allahazwj on the right of the Throne before Heazwj

Created Adamas by two thousand years.So when Allahazwj Created Adamas, Heazwj Made that Light

to be in hisas. And heas had settled in the Paradise, and weasws

were in hisas’, and heas was with the error and weasws were inhisas , and Noahas had embarked in the ship and weasws werein hisas , and Ibrahimas had been thrown in the fire and weasws

were in hisas. Thus, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic did notcease to Transfer usasws from a pure to a pure mothers until itended up with usasws to Abdul Muttalibas. So Heazwj Divided usinto two parts, and Made mesaww to be in the of Abdullahasws

and Made Aliasws to be in the of Abu Talibasws, and Made theProphet-hood and the Blessings to be in mesaww, and Made theeloquence and the horsemanship to be in Aliasws. And Heazwj

Chose two names for us from Hisazwj Names. Thus, the Onewith the Throne is ‘Mahmood’ (The Most Praised One), andIsaww am ‘Muhammad’ (The praised one), and Allahazwj is‘A’ala’ (The most Exalted One), and this is Aliasws (The exaltedone)’.37

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hashimy Al Kufynarrated to us, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Al Kufy, from Al HassanBin Ali Bin Al Husayn Bin Muhammad, from Ibrahim Ibn AlFazal Bin Ja’far Bin Ali Bin Ibrahim Bin suleyman Bin AbdullahBin Al Abbas, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Za’frany Al Basry,from Sahl Bin Yasaar, from Abu Ja’far Muhammad Bin Ali AlTaify, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah, a slave of the Clan ofHashim as, from Muhammad Ibn Is’haq, from Al Waqidy, fromAl Hazeyl, from Makhoul, from Tawoos, from Ibn Abbas whosaid,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said to Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws: ‘When Al-lahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, Created Adamas, and Blewinto himas from Hisazwj Spirit, and the Angels Prostrated tohimas, and Settled himas in Hisazwj Paradise, and MarriedHisazwj Maid Hawwaas to himas, heas was near to the Throneand there were five Inscribed lines of writing.

Adamas said: ‘O Lordazwj! What are these?’ The High Said:“They are the ones, when Myazwj creatures seek intercessionby themasws, Iazwj shall Intercede”. So Adamas said: ‘OLordazwj! By theirasws value in Yourazwj Presence, what aretheirasws names?’ Heazwj Said: “As for the first, so Iazwj am the

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Praised One (Al-Mahmoud) and hesaww is Muhammadsaww; andthe second – so Iazwj am the High and this is Aliasws; and as forthe third, so Iazwj am the Originator (Faatir), and this isFatimaasws; and the fourth, so Iazwj am the Bountiful (Al-Mohsin) and this is Al-Hassanasws; and the fifth, so Iazwj amwith the Favours (Zul-hsaan) and this is Al-Husaynasws. All ofthemasws are Glorifying Allahazwj the High”.38

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya Al Jaloudy, from Al MugheiraBin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Bin Shimr,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Al Ju’fy in a lengthyHadeeth (from the 6th Imamasws) mentioning the names ofAmir Al-Momineenasws in the Torah, and the Evangel, and thePsalms, and among the Indians, and among the Romans, andamong the Persians, and among the Turks, among the peopleof Al-Zanj (East Africa), and among the sooth-sayers, andamong the Ethiopians, and with hisasws fatheras, and withhisasws motheras, and among hisasws adherents, and among theArabs.

Then heasws explained every name along with its meaning,and was saying at the end of it: ‘There is a differing among thepeople of the understanding, why Aliasws was named as ‘Ali’.So a group said, ‘No one from the Children of Adamas had beennamed before himasws with this name, neither among theArabs nor among the non-Arabs, except that the man from theArabs was saying, ‘This son of mine is ‘Ali’, intending by it thehighness, not that it was his name. But rather, the peoplenamed by it after himasws, and during hisasws time.

And a group said, ‘Heasws was named as ‘Ali’ due to hisasws

highness over every one who duelled (against) himasws. And agroup said, ‘Heasws was named as Aliasws because of hisasws

house in the Paradise being so high that it would be parallel tothe houses of the Prophetsas. And a group said, ‘Heasws wasnamed as ‘Ali’ because heasws was high above the shoulders ofRasool-Allahsaww by hisasws feet, in obedience to Allahazwj theHigh, and no one was elevated upon the shoulders of Hisazwj

Prophetsaww apart from himasws, during the felling of the idolsfrom the middle of the Kabah. And a group said, ‘But rather,heasws was named as Aliasws because heasws was married inthe high skies, and no one from the creatures of Allahazwj was

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ever married in that place apart from himasws. And a groupsaid, ‘But rather, heasws was the highest of the people in know-ledge after Rasool-Allahsaww’.39

Ahmad Bin Al Hassan Al Qatan narrated to us, from AbuSaeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sakary, from Abu Ab-dullah Muhammad Bin Zakariyya Bin dinar Al Ghalaby, fromAli Bin Hakee,, from Al Rabie Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah BinAl Hassan, from Muhammad Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fath-erasws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al Ansary, from Al Ghalaby andShuayb Bin Waqad, from Is’haq Bin Ja’far Bin Muhammad,from Al Husayn Bin Isa Bin Zayd son of Aliasws, from his fath-erasws, from Jabir Bin Abdullah, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar,from Harn Bin Maymoun, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly, fromZayd son of Aliasws,

(It has been narrated) from his fatherasws having said: ‘WhenFatimaasws was blessed with Al-Hassanasws, sheasws said toAliasws: ‘Name himasws’. So heasws said: ‘It was never formeasws to preceded Rasool-Allahsaww with naming himasws’.

So when Rasool-Allahsaww came over, heasws broughthimasws out (wrapped up) in a yellow cloth. So hesaww said:‘Have Isaww not forbidden youasws to wrap himasws in a yellowcloth?’ Then hesaww threw away and grabbed a white cloth andwrapped himasws up in it. Then hesaww said to Aliasws: ‘Haveyouasws named himasws yet?’ So heasws said: ‘It was never formeasws to precede yousaww with naming himasws’. So hesaww

said: ‘And it was never for mesaww to preceded mysaww

Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic with naming himasws’.So Allahazwj Blessed and High Revealed unto Jibraeelas that

there has been a gift for Muhammadsaww, so go down and Con-vey the Greetings to himsaww, and congratulate himsaww andsay to him: “Aliasws from yousaww is of the status of Harounas

from Musaas, therefore name him with the name of the son ofHarounas”. So Jibraeelas descended and congratulated himsaww

from Allahazwj the High, then said: ‘Allahazwj, Majestic isHisazwj Majesty Commands yousaww that yousaww should namehimas with the name of a son of Harounas’. Hesaww said: ‘Andwhat was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabbar’. Hesaww: ‘Mysaww

language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘Name himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’.So hesaww named himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

39

So when Al-Husaynasws came (to the holy familyasws), Al-lahazwj Revealed unto Jibraeelas: “There has been a sonasws forMuhammadsaww, so descend unto himsaww, and congratulatehimsaww, and say to himsaww that Aliasws from yousaww is at thestatus of Harounas from Musaas, therefore name himasws withthe name of the son of Harounas”. So Jibraeelas descended, andcongratulated himsaww from Allahazwj the High, then said: ‘Al-lahazwj Mighty and Majestic Commands yousaww that yousaww

should name himasws with the name of a son of Harounas’. Sohesaww said: ‘And what was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabeer’.Hesaww said: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘Namehimasws as ‘Al-Husayn’.40

And by this chain, from Al Abbas Bin Bakaar, from Abaad BinKaseer and Abu Bakr Al Hazaly, from Ibn Al Zubeyr, from Jabirwho said,

‘When Fatimaasws was blessed with Al-Hassanasws, and theProphetsaww had ordered themasws that theyasws should wraphimasws in a white wrapping, but they wrapped himasws in yel-low, and Fatimaasws said: ‘O Aliasws! Name himas’. So heasws

said: ‘It was not for measws that Iasws should preceded Rasool-Allahsaww with naming himasws’. So the Prophetas came overand took himasws, and kissed himasws, and entered hissaww

tongue into hisasws mouth. So Al-Hassanasws went on to touchhimsaww.

Then Rasool-Allahsaww said to themasws: ‘Did Isaww not send(mysaww instructions) forward to youasws not to wrap himasws

in a yellow wrapping?’ So hesaww called for a white wrapping,and wrapped himasws in it, and threw away the yellow, and re-cited ‘Azaan’ (Call for the Prayer) in hisasws right ear, and‘Iqamah’ (Call for the establishment of the Prayer) in hisasws

left’. Then hesaww said to Aliasws: ‘What have youasws namedhimasws as?’ Heasws said: ‘It was never for measws that Iasws

should precede yousaww with naming himasws’.So Allahazwj, Elevated is Hisazwj Mention, Revealed unto

Jibraeelas: “There has been a son for Muhammadsaww, there-fore go down to himsaww, and Convey the Greetings and con-gratulation from Meazwj and from youas, and say to himsaww:‘Aliasws is from youasws at the status of Harounas from Musaas,so name himasws with the name of a son of Harounas’”. SoJibraeelas descended and congratulated himsaww from Allahazwj

40

the High, then said: ‘Allahazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty,Commands yousaww that yousaww should name himasws thename of a son of Harounsa’. Hesaww said: ‘What was his name?’Heas said: ‘Shabar’. Hesaww said: ‘Mysaww language is Arabic’.Heas said: ‘Name himasws as ‘Al-Hassan’. So hesaww namedhimasws as ‘Al-Hassan’.

So when Al-Husaynasws was blessed, the Prophetsaww cameover to themasws, so hesaww did with himasws as hesaww haddone with Al-Hassanasws, and Jibraeelas descended unto theProphetsaww and said: ‘Allahazwj the High Conveys the Greet-ings to yousaww and is Saying to yousaww that Aliasws is fromyousaww of the status of Harounas from Musaas, therefore namehimasws with the name of a son of Harounas’. Hesaww said: ‘Andwhat was his name?’ Heas said: ‘Shabeera’. Hesaww said:‘Mysaww language is Arabic’. Heas said: ‘So name himasws as‘Al-Husayn’. So hesaww named him as ‘Al-Husayn’.41

And by this chain, from Al Ghalaby, from Al Hakam BinAslam, from Wakie, from Al Amsh, from Salim who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww named mysaww two sonsasws

with the names of the two sons of Harounas, Shabra, and Sha-beera’.42

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Alawy narrated tous, from his grandfather, from Ahmad Bin Salih Al Tameemi,from Abdullah Bin Isa,

(It has been narrated) from Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws, fromhisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Jibraeelas gifted to Rasool-Al-lahsaww the name of Al-Hassan Bin Aliasws, and a silk clothfrom the clothing of the Paradise, and the name of Al-Husaynasws was derived from the name of Al-Hassanasws’.43

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Chapter 19The reason due to which the love of Al-lah(azwj) Blessed and High, and the love forHis(azwj) Rasool(saww) , and the People(as-ws) of his(saww) Household is Obligatedupon the servants

Abu Saeed Muhammad Bin Al Fazal Bin Muhammad BinIs’haq Al Mazkar Al Naysabouri narrated to us, from AhmadBin Al Abbas Bin Hamza, from Ahmad Bin Yahya Al Sowfy AlKufy, from Yahya Bin Maeen, from Hisham Bin Yusuf, from Ab-dullah Bin Suleyman Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Ali BinAbdullah Bin Abbas, from his father, from his grandfather whosaid,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Love Allahazwj when you come to bewith Hisazwj Bounties, and love mesaww for the love of Al-lahazwj, and love the Peopleasws of mysaww Household formyasws love’.44

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Abu Ahmad Al qasim Bin Bandar well known as AbuSalih Al Haza’a, from Abu Hatim Muhammad Bin Idrees AlHanzaly, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah Bin Al Masny Bin Ab-dullah Bin Ana Bin Malik Al Ansary, from Hameed Al Taweel,from Anas Malik who said,

‘A man from the people of Badiya (a Bedouin) came over, wefound it to be strange that a man from the people of Al-Badiya(a Bedouin) would come to ask the Prophetsaww. So he said, ‘ORasool-Allahsaww! When will the Hour be Established?’ So thetime for the Prayer came up. So when hesaww had fulfilledhissaww Prayer, said, ‘Where is the questioner who asked aboutthe Hour?’ He said, ‘I did, O Rasool-Allahsaww!’ Rasool

42

Allahsaww said: ‘So what have you prepared for it?’ He said, ‘ByAllahazwj! I have not prepared for it from the frequency of thegood deeds, nor Prayers, nor Fasts, except that I love Allahazwj

and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww’. So the Prophetsaww said to him: ‘Theperson is with the one whom he loves’.

Anas said, ‘So the Muslim were never seen to be more happyafter Al-Islam with anything, more intensely happy than theirhappiness with this’.45

Abdullah Bin Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al Qarshy nar-rated to us, from Abu Nasr Mansour Bin Abdullah Bin IbrahimAl Isbahany, from Ali Bin Abdullah, fro mUsman Bin Kharzaz,from Muhammad Bin Imran, from Saeed Bin Amro, from AbdulRahman Bin Abu Layli, from his father Abu Layli who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘A servant has not believed until hehappens to love mesaww more than himself, and mysaww familyhappens to be more dear to him than his own relatives, mysaww

self happens to be more beloved to him than his own self’.46

44 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 145 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 246 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 117 H 3

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Chapter 20The Reason why falsehood is adored

Muhammad Bin Ali Majalawiya narrated to us, from an unlceof Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin Ali AlKufy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mufazzal Bin Umarwho said,

‘Abu Abdullah Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws was askedabout the adoration, so heasws said: ‘The hearts which areempty from the Remembrance of Allahazwj, so Allahazwj Makesthem to taste the love of other than Himazwj’.47


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Chapter 21Reason for the love for the Sake of Al-lah(azwj) , and the hatred with regards to it,and the friendship to be Made to beObligatory

Muhammad Bin Al Qasim Al Astarabady narrated to us, fromYusuf Bin Muhammad Bin Ziyad and Ali Bin Muhammad BinYasaar, from their two fathers,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Hassan Bin Ali BinMuhammad Bin Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws Ibn Muhammadasws

Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws,from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws forefathersasws havingsaid:

‘One day Rasool-Allahsaww said to one of hissaww compan-ions: ‘O servant of Allahazwj! Love for the Sake of Allahazwj andhate for the Sake of Allahazwj, and befriend for the Sake of Al-lahazwj and be inimical for the Sake of Allahazwj, for theWilayah of Allahazwj cannot be achieved except by that.

And a man cannot find (taste) the food of the man (faith)even if he is frequent in his Prayers, and his Fasting, until hebecomes like that. Most of the brotherhood that takes placeamong the people today is for the sake of the world. They arebeing cordial for the sake of it and being hateful for its sake,and that they would not benefit anything from Allahazwj’.

So he said to himsaww, ‘And how can I know that I have be-friended and been inimical for the Sake of Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic, and who is a friend of Allahazwj the High until I goand befriend him, and who is Hisazwj enemy so that I can goand be inimical to him?’ So, Rasool-Allahsaww indicated to-wards Aliasws and said, ‘Do you see this one?’ So he said, ‘Yes’.So hesaww said: ‘A friend of hisasws is a friend of Allahazwj, so

45

befriend himasws. And an enemy of hisasws is an enemy of Al-lahazwj, so be inimical to him’.

Then hesaww said: ‘Befriend the friend of hisasws even thoughhe may have killed your father and your son, and be inimical toan enemy of hisasws even though he may be your father andyour son’.48


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Chapter 22The reason that the love for thePeople(asws) of the Household is due to thegoodness of the birth, and that the reasonfor hatred for them(asws) is due to the evil-ness of the birth

My father and Muhammad Bin Al Hassan both said, ‘Sa’adBin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad BinKhalid, from Abu Al Qasim Abdul Rahman Al Kufy, and AbuYusuf Yaqoub Bin Yazeed Al Anbary, from Abu Muhammd Ab-dullah Bin Muhammad Al Ghafary, from Al Husayn Bin Zayd,

(It has been narrated) from Al-Sadiq Abu Abdullah Ja’farasws

Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws fore-fathersasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one wholoves usasws, the Peopleasws of the Household, so let him PraiseAllahazwj over the first Bounty’. It was said, ‘And what is thefirst Bounty?’ Hesaww said: ‘The good birth; and there wouldnot love usasws (anyone) except a Believer of good birth’.49

Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah AlBarqy narrated to us, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Abu Ab-dullah, from Muhamamd Bin Isa, from Abu Muhammad Al An-sary, from someone else,

(Imam) Ibn Ja’farasws having said: ‘The one who finds thecoolness of ourasws love upon his heart in the morning, so lethim Praise Allahazwj over the initial Bounty’. It was said, ‘Andwhat is the initial Bounty?’ Heasws said: ‘The good birth’.50

Al Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Natanah narrated to us, from AliBin Ibrahim, from his father Ibrahim Bin Hashim, fromMuhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from Abu Ziyad Al Hindi, fromUbeydullah Bin Salih,

47

(It has been narrated) from Zayd son of Aliasws, from his fath-er, Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Amir Al-Momin-een Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww

said: ‘O Aliasws! The one who loves mesaww, and loves youasws,and loves the Imamsasws from yourasws sonsasws, so let himPraise Allahazwj over the goodness of his birth, for (no one)would love us except a Believer whose birth has been made tobe good, nor would anyone hate usasws except for the onewhose birth is evil’.51

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from hisuncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Muhammad Bin AliAl Kufy Al Qarshy, from Muhammad Bin Sinan, from Al Mu-fazzal Bin Umar,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘The one who finds the coolnessof ourasws love upon his heart, so he should frequent in supplic-ating for his mother, for she has not betrayed his father’.52

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from MuhammadBin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Al Husayn Bin Saeed,from Ali Bin Al Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih, from JabirAl Ju’fy, from Ibrahim Al Qarshy who said,

‘I was in the presence of Umm Salmaas, so sheas said: ‘Iasheard Rasool-Allahsaww saying to Aliasws: ‘None would hateyouasws except for three – One born of adultery (bastard), a hy-pocrite, and one who mother became pregnant with him whilstshe was menstruating’.53

Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin saeed Al Hashimy narrated tous, from Furat Bin Ibrahim Ibn Furat Al Kufy, from MuhammadBin Ali Bin Moamar, from Abdullah Ahmad Ibn Ali BinMuhammad Al Ramly, from Ahmad Bin Musa, from Yaqoub BinIs’haq Al Mrouzy, from Amro Bin Mansour, from Ismail BinAban, from Yahya Bin Abu Kaseer, from his father, from AbuHaroun Al abady,

(It has been narrated) from Jabir Bin Abdullah Al-Ansary whosaid, ‘I was at Mina with Rasool-Allahsaww when we saw a manProstrating, and Bowing, and beseeching (in Prayer). So wesaid, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww! How good his Prayer is.’ So hesaww

said: ‘He is the one who got your father (Adamas) exited fromthe Paradise’.

48

So Aliasws went over to him without paying any attention toit, so heasws shook him with such a shaking that his right ribsentered into his left, and the left into his right. Then heasws

said: ‘Iasws shall kill youasws, if Allahazwj so Desires it’. So hesaid, ‘Youasws will never be able to do that until the knownterm from my Lordazwj. What is the matter with youasws thatyouasws intend to kill me? By Allahazwj, no one hates youasws

except that I have preceded my seed into the womb of hismother before the seed of his father and I have participatedwith the one who hates youasws in the wealth, and the childrenof his. And these are the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majest-ic in the Decisive of Hisazwj Book [17:64] and share withthem in wealth and the children’.

The Prophetsaww said: ‘It is true, O Aliasws! None shall hateyouasws from the Qureysh except for the one born of adultery,nor from the Helpers except for a Jew, nor from the Arabs ex-cept for one referred to someone other than his biological fath-er, nor from the rest of the people except for a wretch, norfrom the women except for a ‘Salaqiya’ – and she is one whomenstruates from her behind.

Then Rasool Allahsaww remained silent for a while, thenraised hissaww head, so hesaww said: ‘O group of the Helpers!Present the love for Aliasws to your children. So the one wholoves Aliasws, then know that he is from your children, and theone who hates Aliasws, be exiled from him’.54

Abu Abdullah Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Abdullahson of Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws BinAliasws Bin Abu Talibasws narrated to us, from Abu Al HassanAli Bin Ahmad Bin Musa, from Ahmad Bin Ali, from Abu Ali AlHassan Bin Ibrahim Bin Ali Al Abbasy, from Abu Saeed UmerBin Mardaas Al Dawanaqy, from Ja’far Bin Baheer Al Makky,from Wakie, from Al Masoudy,

(It has been narrated) raising to Salman Al-Farsyas havingsaid, ‘Ibleesla the Accurse passed by a number of people whowere jibing Amir Al-Momineenasws. So hela paused in front ofthem. So the people said, ‘Who is this one pausing in front ofus?’ So hela said: ‘Ila am Abu Mara’.

So they said, ‘Abu Mara! What makes you to listen to ourspeech?’ So hela said: ‘Evil be upon you for insulting yourMawla (Master) Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws!’ So they said to

49

himla, ‘From where did you know that heasws is our Mawla?Hela said, ‘From the words of your Prophetsaww: ‘The onewhom Isaww am the Master of, so Aliasws is his Master. O Al-lahazwj! Befriend the one who befriends himasws, and be inimic-al to the one who is hisasws enemy, and Help the one who helpshimasws, and Abandon the one who abandons himasws’.

So they said to himla, ‘So, are you from hisasws friends andhisasws Shiah?’ So hela said: ‘Ila am neither from hisasws friendsnor from hisasws Shiah, but Ila love himasws, and there is no onewho would hate himasws except that Ila participate in thewealth and the children’.

So they said to himla, ‘O Abu Mara! So are you (going to) sayanything regarding Aliasws?’ So hela said to them, ‘Listen frommela, O group of breakers (of the allegiance), and the deceitful,and the renegades! Ila worshipped Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic among the Jinn for twelve thousand years. So whenthe Jinn perished, Ila complained to Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic of the loneliness. So Heazwj Made mela to ascend tothe sky of the world. So Ila worshipped in the sky of the worldfor another twelve thousand years among the totality of theAngels.

So whilst we were like that, we were Glorifying Allahazwj theHigh and Extolling Hisazwj Holiness, when a beam of Lightpassed by us. So the Angels fell down in Prostration to thatLight, and said: ‘Glorious! Holy! This Light is a light of an An-gel of Proximity or a Mursil Prophetsaww!’ So, immediately aCall came from Allahazwj: ‘This is not a Light of an Angel ofProximity, nor a Mursil Prophetsaww. This is a Light of the clayof Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws’.55

Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Mahrawiya, from Abu Al Hassan AliBin Hasaan Ibn Maidaan Al Isfahany, from Abu Haatim, fromAhmad Bin Abdat, from Abu Al Rabie Al Araj, from AbdullahBin Imran, from Ali Bin Zayd Bin Jad’an, from Saeed Bin AlMusayyab, from Zayd Bin Sabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who loves Aliasws duringmysaww lifetime, and after mysaww passing away, Allahazwj

would Write for him the security (from the Fire), and the faith,(of those upon whom) the sun emerges or sets; and the onewho hates himasws during mysaww lifetime and after mysaww

50

passing away, would die the death of the Pre-Islamic period,and would be Reckoned with what he has done’.56

Ali Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Qazwiny well known asIbn Maqbara narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah BinAamir, from Asaam Bin Yusuf, from Muhammad Ibn Ayoub AlKalaby, from Amro Bin Suleyman, from Abdullah Bin Imran,from Ali Bin Zayd, from Saeed Bin Al Musayyab, from Zayd BinSabit who said,

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘The one who loves Aliasws duringhissaww lifetime, and after hissaww death, Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic would Write for him the security (from the Fire), andthe faith (of those upon whom) the sun emerges and sets’.57

Muhammad Bin Al Muzaffar Bin Mafeys Al Masry narrated tome, from Abu Is’haq Ibrahim Bin Muhammad Bin Ahmad BinAkhay Sayaab Al Ataar Al Kufy, at Al Kufa, from Ahmad Bin AlHazeyl Abu Al Abbas Al Hamdany, from Abu nasr Al Fatah BinQarda Al Samarqandy, from Muhammad Bin Khalaf AlMarouzy, from Yusuf Bin Ibrahim, from IBn Lahiya, from AbuAl Zubeyr, from Jabir who said,

‘Abu Ayoub Al-Ansary said, ‘Present the love for Aliasws toyour children. So the one who loves himasws, so he is from you,and the one who does not love himasws, so ask his mother, fromwhere did she bring him, from I have heard Rasool-Allahsaww

saying to Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws: ‘None would love youasws

except for a Believer, and not would hate youasws except for ahypocrite, or a son of adultery, or his mother became pregnantwith him whilst she was menstruating’.58

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Chapter 23The reason due to which the people neg-lected Ali(asws) and turned away fromhim(asws) to someone else, despite of theirrecognition of his(asws) merits

Abu Ahmad Al Hassan Bin Abdullah Bin Saeed Bin Al HassanBin Ismail Ibn Hakeem Al Askary, from Abu Is’haq IbrahimRa’al Ak Abshamy, from Sabeyt Ibn Muhammad, from Abu AlAhows, from the one who narrated it, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Muhammad Al-Hassanasws

Bin Aliasws having said: ‘While Amir Al-Momineenasws was inthe middle of a difficult phase of (the battle of) Siffeen, a manfrom the Clan of Dowdaan came over, so he said to himasws,‘Why are the people driving you away from this command, andyou are the best of the people in knowledge of the Book (theQuran) and the Sunnah?’

So heasws said: ‘O brother of the Clan of Dowdaan! And foryou is the right to question, and the brother-in-law (of theProphetsaww) reins. So the worries are two – you have beensent in a time period in which the hearts have been dried up,and another group’s hearts have hardened. And the best of theJudges is Allahazwj, and the leader Muhammadsaww.

And leave around you, the sins in its lap, and the speeches ofthe son of Abu Sufyan. So the time would laugh along withmeasws after its weeping. And there is no deserving for measws,or a neighbour that Iasws can ask him what you have asked.Such is the case that evil are the people who have cut-off frommeasws, and sweetness was attempted in the Religion of Al-lahazwj. So if the afflictions are Raised from us, Iasws wouldcarry them purely upon the truth. And if it happens to be other-wise, so there should not be despair upon the mischievous

52

people, from you to measws, O brother of the Clan ofDowdan’.59

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from AliBin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from his father,

(The narrator says) ‘I asked Abu Al Hassanasws about AmirAl-Momineenasws, how did the people come to be inclined awayfrom himasws towards someone else, and they had know hisasws

merits, and hisasws precedent, and hisasws status from Rasool-Allahsaww?’ So heasws said: ‘But rather, they inclined awayfrom himasws to others because heasws had killed their fathers,and their grandfathers, and their paternal uncles, and theirmaternal uncles, and their relatives, in battles for the Sake ofAllahazwj and for Hisazwj Rasoolsaww, in huge numbers. Thus, itwas due to their grudge in their hearts with regards to that. Sothey did not like it that heasws should rule over them, and theredid not happen in their hearts for someone else, similar to that.This is because no one did Jihaad in front of Rasool-Allahsaww

similar to what heasws did. Therefore, they turned away fromhim and inclined towards others’.60


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Chapter 24The reason due to which Amir Al-Momin-een(asws) did not fight against his(asws)adversaries

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from AlHaysam Bin Abu Masrouq Al Nahdy, from Al Hassan Bin Mah-boub, from Ali Bin Ra’ib, from Zarara who said,

‘I heard Abu Ja’farasws saying: ‘But rather, Aliasws restrainedhisasws hand from hisasws enemies for the protection of ourasws

Shiah, because heasws knew what would be appearing againstthem (evil rulers) after himasws. So heasws loved it that theones who would come after himasws should follow it. Thusheasws dealt among them (the general population) by hisasws

way, so that (the evil rulers) would follow the restraining of thehand from them (Shiah), after himasws’.61

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from AlHusayn Bin Muhammad Ibn Aamir, from his uncle Abdullah BinAamir, from Muhammad Bin Abu Umeyr, from the one whomentioned it,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘What is thematter that Amir Al-Momineenasws did not fight against so andso, and so and so, and so and so?’ Heasws said: ‘Due to a Versein the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had theybeen widely separated one from another, We wouldsurely have Punished those who disbelieved from amongthem with a painful Punishment’. I said, ‘What is the mean-ing of being separated from them?’ Heasws said: ‘Deposits ofthe Believers in the backs of the disbelieving people. And suchis the case that Al-Qaimasws would never appear, ever, until Al-lahazwj the High Extracts the deposits. So when these come

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out, there would appear the ones who would appear, from theenemies of Allahazwj, so heasws would kill them’.62

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated tous, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father,from Ali Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from AlHassan Bin Mahboub, from Ibrahim Al Karkhy who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, or a man said to himasws, ‘MayAllahazwj Keep youasws well! Did Aliasws not happen to bestronger in the Religion of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic?’Heasws said: ‘Yes’. He said, ‘So how come the people overcamehimasws, and how come heasws did not repulse them, and whatis the meaning from that?’

Heasws said: ‘A Verse in the Book of Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic prevented himas’. He said, ‘I said, ‘And which Verse?’Heasws said: ‘The Words of the High [48:25] had they beenwidely separated one from another, We would surely havePunished those who disbelieved from among them with apainful Punishment’. For the Sake of Allahazwj Mighty andMajestic, and the deposits of the Believers in the backs of thedisbelieving people and the hypocrites. So Aliasws did not killthe fathers until the deposits come out. So when the depositscame out, Aliasws appeared upon the one who appeared, soheasws killed him. And similar to that, Al-Qaimasws of thePeopleasws of the Household would never appear, ever, untilAllahazwj Mighty and Majestic Manifests the deposits. So whenthey appear, heasws would appear to the one who appears, soheasws would kill him’.63

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy narrated tous, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father,from Jibraeel Bin Ahmad, from Muhammad Bin Isa Bin Ubeyd,from Yunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Mansour Bin Haazim,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding theWords of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [48:25] had theybeen widely separated one from another, We wouldsurely have Punished those who disbelieved from amongthem with a painful Punishment’. Heasws said: ‘If Allahazwj

Brings out whatever is in the backs of the believers from theInfidels, and whatever is in the backs of the Infidels, from theBelievers, the ones who disbelieved would be Punished’.64

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Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated tous, from Abu Saeed Al Hassan Bin Ali Al Adawy, from AlHaysam Bin Abdullah Al Ramany who said,

‘I asked Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws, so I said to himasws, ‘Osonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! Inform me about Aliasws Bin AbuTalibasws, why did heasws not fight against hisasws enemies fortwenty five years after Rasool-Allahsaww, then fought duringthe days of hisasws rule?’ So heasws said: ‘Because heasws hadfollowed Rasool-Allahsaww regarding hissaww neglecting of theJihad against the Polytheists of Makkah for thirteen years afterthe Prophet-hood, and at Al-Medina for nineteen months, andthat was due to the scarcity of hissaww supporters againstthem, and similar to that, Aliasws left the fighting againsthisasws enemies due to the scarcity of hisasws supportersagainst them.

So when the Prophet-hood of Rasool-Allahsaww did not get in-validated with the staying away of the Jihad for thirteen years,and nineteen months, similar to that the Imamate of Aliasws didnot get invalidated with hisasws staying away of the Jihad fortwenty five years, when the reason for the reason for the pre-vention from the Jihad was one and the same’.65

Ahmad Bin Ziyad Bin Ja’far Al Hamdany narrated to us, fromAli Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from oneof our companions,

Abu Abdullahasws was asked ‘What was the matter that AmirAl-Momineenasws did not fight against them?’ Heasws said:‘That which preceded in the Knowledge of Allahazwj that itwould be so that it was not for himasws that he should be fight-ing against them, and there were not with himasws except forthree persons from the Believers’.66

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from AhmadBin Muhammad Bin Saeed, from Al Fazal Bin Khabab Al Jamhy,from Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Al Hamsy, from Muhammad BinAhmad Bin Musa Al Ta’aiy, from his father, from Ibn Masoudwho said,

‘There was an argument in the Masjid of Al-Kufa, so theysaid, ‘What was the matter that Amir Al-Momineenasws did notcontest (fight) against the three (Abu Bakr, Umar, and Usman)just as heasws did against Talha, and Al-Zubeyr, and Ayesha,and Muawiya?’ So that reached Aliasws, and heasws ordered a

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caller to call for the congregational Prayer. So when theygathered, heasws ascended the Pulpit. So heasws Praised Al-lahazwj and Extolled Himazwj, then said: ‘Group of the people!It has reached measws from you, such and such’. They said,‘Amir Al-Momineenasws speaks the truth. We have spokenthat’.

Heasws said: ‘For measws there is the Sunnah of the Proph-etssaww as an example with regards to what Iasws do. Allahazwj

Mighty and Majestic Says in Hisazwj Book [33:21] Certainlyyou have in the Rasool-Allah an excellent exemplar’. Theysaid, ‘And who are they (Prophetsas), O Amir Al-Momin-eenasws?’ Heasws said: ‘Ibrahimsaww when heas said to hisas

people [19:48] And I will withdraw from you and what youcall on besides Allah. So if you all are saying that Ibrahimas

withdrew from hisas people without anything abhorrent hittinghimas from them so you would have blasphemed, and if youwere to say that heas withdrew from them due to the abhor-rence of what heas saw from them, then the successorasws (ofthe Prophetsaww) has more of an excuse for it.

And for measws is an example in hisas maternal cousin Lutas

when heas said to hisas people [11:80] Or I shall have re-course to a strong support. So if you were to say that Lotas

had strength over them, you would have blasphemed, and ifyou were to say that there was not strength for himas, so thesuccessorasws (of Muhammadsaww has more of a justificationfor it’.

And for measws is an example with Yusufas, when heas said[12:33] He said: Lord! The prison is dearer to me thanthat to which they are calling me to. So if you are sayingthat Yusufas supplicated to hisas Lordazwj and asked Himazwj

for the imprisonment for Anger Hisazwj Lordazwj, you wouldhave blasphemed, and if you were to say that what heas inten-ded by that was perhaps hisas Lordazwj would be Angeredagainst himas, so heas chose the prison, then the successorasws

(of Muhammadsaww) has more of a justification for it’.And for measws is an example with Musaas when heas said

[26:21] So I fled from you when I feared you. So if youwere to say that Musaas fled from hisas people without fear forhimas, from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if youwere to say that Musaas feared from them, so the

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successorasws (of Muhammadsaww) has more of an excuse forit’.

And for measws is an example with Harounas when heas saidto hisas brotheras [7:150] He said: Son of my mother!Surely the people reckoned me weak and had well-nighslain me. So if you were to say that they had not weakenedhimas and did not resolve upon killing himas, so you would haveblasphemed, and if you were to say that they did weakenhimas, and did resolve upon killing himas, and so it was due tothat, that heas was silent from them, so the successoras (ofMuhammadsaww) has more of a justification for it’.

And for me is an example of Muhammadsaww when hesaww

fled from hissaww people, and went to the cave out of fear fromthem, and made measws to sleep upon hissaww bed. So if youwere to say that hesaww fled from hissaww people without anyfear from them, so you would have blasphemed, and if youwere to say that hesaww did fear them, and made measws tosleep upon hissaww bed, and went to the cave out of fear fromthem, so the successorasws (of Muhamamdsaww) has more of ajustification for it’.67

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad BinMusa Al Nowfaly, from Muhammad Bin Hamaad Al Shashy,from Al Husayn Bin Rashid, from Ali Bin Ismail Al Maysami,from Rabi’e, from Zarara who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘What prevented Amir Al-Momin-eenasws from calling the people to himselfasws?’ Heasws said:‘Fear that they (all who refused) would become apostates’.

Ali Bin Hatim (the narrator) said, ‘And I reckon that, in theHadeeth was, ‘And they would not testify that Muhammadsaww

is Rasool-Allahsaww’.68

And from him who said, ‘Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Bin Ja’farAl Raazy narrated to us, from Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn BinAbu Al Khataab, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Bin Bazi’e, fromYunus Bin Abdul Rahman, from Bakarban Abu Bakr AlHazramy who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws saying: ‘The way of Aliasws Bin AbuTalibasws with regards to the people of Al-Basra was better forhisasws Shiah from what the sun emerges upon.

For the people were a government, and had heasws insultedthem, they would have insulted hisasws Shiah’.

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(The narrator) said, ‘I said, ‘So inform me about Al-Qaimasws. Would heasws be walking upon hisasws way?’ Heasws

said: ‘No. Aliasws dealt with them with the favours for heasws

knew that they would be in government. Al-Qaimasws woulddeal with them opposite to that way, because there would notbe any government for them (Power to harm the Shiah)’.69

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, fromAhmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Isa, from Al Abbas Bin marouf,from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Hareyz, from Bureyd Bin Muawiya,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Nothing prevented Aliasws from call-ing the people to himselfasws except that they would haveended up straying from Al-Islam and not returning. It was morebeloved to himasws than calling them, so they would refusehimasws, thus they would have become Infidels, all of them’.

Hareyz said, ‘And Zarara narrated to me,Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘If Aliasws had not dealt with the

people of hisasws battles with the restraint from the captivatingthem, and the war booty, hisasws Shiah would have faced agrievous affliction from the people’.

Then heasws said: ‘By Allahazwj! Hisasws way was better forthem (Shiah) than what the sun emerges upon’.70

Ahmad Bin Al Husayn narrated to us, from his father, fromMuhammad Bin Abu Al Sahban, from Muhammad Ibn AbuUmeyr, from one of our companions who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Why did Aliasws restrain him-selfasws from the people?’ Heasws said: ‘Out of fear that theywould be turning to be Infidels’.71

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from hisuncle Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Ibn Abu Ab-dullah Al Barqy, from his father, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, fromAban Bin Usman, from Aban Ibn Taghlub, from Akrama, fromIbn Abbas who said,

‘The Caliphate was mentioned in the presence of Amir Al-Momineen Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, so heasws said: ‘But, byAllahazwj! The son of Abu Qohafa (Abu Bakr) brother of Taym,wore it like a shirt, and he knew full well of myasws place fromit being like what the pole is from the millstone.

The torrent (of knowledge and wisdom) would have floweddown from measws, and the birds could not have ascended upto measws (to the levels I would have taken it). So Iasws

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dropped a garment over it and folded away from it, and con-sidered whether Iasws should work with hands cut-off, or ob-serve patience upon the blinding darkness, in which the youngwould be grey-haired, and the older ones would be feeble, andin which a Believer would toil until he meets his Lordazwj.

So Iasws viewed that the patience over here would be better.So Iasws was patient, and in the eye was a speck, and in thethroat was a bone (stuck). Iasws saw myasws inheritance beinglooted, until he (Abu Bakr) went on his way, so he turned it to abrother of (the Clan of) Udayy (Umar) after him. How strangewas his (Abu Bakr’s) wishing to be released from it during hislifetime, when he ended up contracting it to another one afterhis own death.

So it (Caliphate) came to be seized in such a way that it waspainful to touch it and tough to speak of it. And he (Umar) fre-quently kept making excuses from it. So its owner was like theone riding the stubborn camel, that if you are strict with it, itwould split its nostril, and if you let it loose, it strays into thedarkness. Thus, the people became indulged in objections overimmaterial matters.

So Iasws observed patience over a lengthy period and theseverity of the ordeal until when his (Umar’s) way passed, sohe made it to be in a group, claiming that I was from them. Soit is for Allahazwj (to Deal with) and the consultative council.Where was the doubt with regards to measws with the firstfrom them, until Iasws came to be paired to these ones. So aman inclined towards being venomous, and the other inclinedto his brother in law, and a third stood up having his breasts inbetween his dung and the fodder. So the sons of his father(Umayya) arose swallowing up Allahazwj’s wealth like the swal-lowing of a camel of the spring vegetation, to the extent that it(devouring) finished him off, and his gluttony felled him down.

So what appalled measws was that the people rushing tomeasws like a pack of hyenas, and they had flocked to me fromevery side, to the extent that Al-Hassanaanasws (Al-Hassanasws

and Al-Husaynasws) were trampled, and (the garment) onmyasws two shoulders was torn. Until Iasws took the command,so a group reneged, and another was disobedient, and anotherbecame such that as if they had never heard Allahazwj Blessedand High Saying [28:83] That House of the Hereafter, We

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Assign it to those who have no desire to exalt themselvesin the earth nor to make mischief and the good end is forthe pious. Yes, by Allahazwj! They had heard it, and under-stood it, but the world became sweet in their eyes, and its em-bellishments seduced them.

But, by the Oneazwj Who Split the seed and Began the life!Had the gatherers not gathered and established the argumentof finding of the supporters, and had Allahazwj not Taken aPledge upon the knowledgeable onesasws that theyasws wouldneither acquiesce to the gluttony of the unjust, nor the starva-tion of the oppressed, Iasws would have thrown its (Caliphate’s)rope upon its own shoulders and would have made the last ofthem drink the cup of its first one, and you would have seenthat this world is more renounced in myasws presence than thesneeze of a goat’.

He (Ibn Abbas) said, ‘And a man from the black peoplegrabbed a paper, so heasws cut-off hisasws speech and seizedthe paper. So I said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineenasws! If only youasws

would return to yourasws speech to where it has reached’. Soheasws said: ‘Far be it! Far be it! O Ibn Abbas, that was thefoam (from the mouth) of a camel which flowed down, then itsubsided’.

Ibn Abbas said, ‘So I had never regretted upon a speech atall like I regretted upon this speech of Amir Al-Momineenasws,when heasws did not preach with it where heasws had intendedto’.72

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from MuhammadBin Al Hassan Al saffar, from Yaqoub Bin Yazeed, from HamaadBin Isa, from Rabie, from Fazeyl Bin Yasaar who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’farasws or to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘WhenRasool-Allahsaww passed away, for who was the command afterhimsaww?’ So heasws said: ‘For usasws, the Peopleasws of theHousehold’. I said, ‘So how did it come to be in the others?’Heasws said: ‘You have asked, so understand the answer. WhenAllahazwj Knew that there would be a mischief in the earth, andthe forbidden marriages would take place, and there would bejudgements with other than what Allahazwj Blessed and Highhas Revealed, Heazwj Intended that others should be doingthat’.73


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62 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 263 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 364 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 465 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 566 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 667 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 768 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 869 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 970 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 1071 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 1172 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 1273 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 122 H 14

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"Wisdom is the lost property of the Believer,

let him claim it wherever he finds it"

Imam Ali (as)

illal al sharaie - reasons for the laws - volume 1 - … bin ja’far al humeyri, from ahmad bin...

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