ifas and efas
TRANSCRIPT
IFAs and EFAs: IFAs and EFAs: -- ‘‘essaiessai’’ of a qualitative analysis of a qualitative analysis
Expert Group Expert Group ––transnational company agreementstransnational company agreements
Brussels _ 27 November Brussels _ 27 November 20092009
Dr. Christian Welz _ European FoundationDr. Christian Welz _ European Foundation
208/12/2010
The European system of IRThe European system of IR
Intersectoral social dialogue
Sectoral socialdialogue
EWCsIFAs_EFAs
SEs
Cross industry Sectoral Company
national social dialogue
European social dialogue
08/12/2010 3
DDeefinitonfiniton
IFA
company agreement signed by a MNC and a Global Union Federation (GUF)
EFA
company agreement signed by a MNC and a European Industry Federation (EIF) and/or a EWC
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International and European Framework International and European Framework AgreementsAgreements
actors: MNC, GUFs > IFAs
MNC, EIF and or EWCs > EFAs
process: no legal framework at EU or international level
outcomes: 72 IFAs
73 EFAs
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European Framework Agreements in 10/08European Framework Agreements in 10/08
73 EFAs
- 52 co-signed by an EWC- 42 signed by an EWC only- 10 co-signed with EIF- 3 co-signed with national TU- leader: France
- with 38 EFAs in 14 companies- Suez (5), Air France/KLM (4), Vivendi (3),Total (3)
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IFAs in October 2008IFAs in October 2008
02468
1012141618
JP CA AU NZRS
A RU GB CZ PT BE DK NO LU IT ES SE NL FR DE
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IFAs / EFAs : 1998 IFAs / EFAs : 1998 -- 20082008
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Content _ international standardsContent _ international standards
8%13%ILO Tripartite Declar.
14%19%OECD Guidelines
22%23%Global Compact
32%26%UN Declaration on HR
12%55%ILO core conventions
24%69%General reference ILO
CCIFAs
8%13%ILO Tripartite Declar.
14%19%OECD Guidelines
22%23%Global Compact
32%26%UN Declaration on HR
12%55%ILO core conventions
24%69%General reference ILO
CCIFAs
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Content _Content _rights conferredrights conferred
52%91%Forced labour
62%91%Child labour
54%96%Freedom of association
90%94%Anti-discrimination
CCIFAs
52%91%Forced labour
62%91%Child labour
54%96%Freedom of association
90%94%Anti-discrimination
CCIFAs
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2006Ci110 000AA S
2002EWCRestructuring22.000Food and DrinkUnited KingdomDiageo
2002EWCSocial management25.000Finance BelgiumDexia
2004EWCRestructuring:Management of change
75.000BankingGermanyDeutsche Bank
2001EWCRestructuring100.000Food and DrinkFranceDanone
2006EWC (also on behalf of EMF)Social dialogue372.000Automotive industryGermanyDaimler Chrysler
2001EWC, French WC, ETUC, CECCSR122.000Utilities, construction
& telecomFranceBouygues
2005UNI (mandated by 18 unions of 8 countries), 5 French unions
Social dialogue and Restructuring112.000Finance, InsuranceFranceAxa
2006EMFEqual opportunities58.000Metal, energyFranceAreva
2004EWCH&S320.000Steel IndustryLuxembourgArcelor
2002EWCH&S320.000Steel IndustryFranceArcelor (Usinor)
2006SNB (SE), UNI Finance EuropaFundamental rights173.000Finance, insuranceGermanyAllianz
2007EWCTraining
200518 French unionsFinancial participation (participation)
200518 French unionsFinancial participation (interessement)
2000N.A.HRM: Sales and marketing staff
2000N.A.HRM: Mobility
102.500TransportFranceAir France KLM
DateSignatory parties on the employee sideThemesEmployeesSectorCountry
(Head-quarters)Company
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Content of EFAs
0 5 10 15 20 25
CSR
Training
Equal opportunities
Sub-contracting
Financial participation
Fundamental rights
Other
Data protection
HRM + Social Management
H&S
Social dialogue
Restructuring
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IFA _impact: ChiquitaIFA _impact: Chiquita
image improved from antagonistic to cooperative relationships with TUs
TUs highlighted the successes open recognition of both the IUF and COLSIBA by senior managementresolved difficult situations
IFA increased TU membership in company and suppliers
most significant successclose to 5,000 new members in Colombia
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IFA _impact: EDFIFA _impact: EDF
IFA contributed to social dialogue
both at national & international level
within each subsidiary local negotiations started re implementation of the IFA
social dialogue has been improved in certain countries
e.g. PLcreation of a works council for Asian countries
similar to an EWC
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IFA _impact: TelefIFA _impact: TelefóónicanicaIFA had a favourable impact on IR and fostered more respect for human rights at the workplace
both management and the trade unions have put the agreement into practice
adopted a better approach in resolving the difficulties encountered
IFA had a high added valuemechanism of ADR and as an early warning system
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IFA _impact: EADSIFA _impact: EADShead of business
within group > responsible for complianceemployees
informed orally or in writingin case of breaches
TUs and WCs may inform central management arbitration process
agreed by the Head of HR & the EWCsuppliers & subcontractors
asked to cooperate 'as best they can'
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9%
31%
46%
14%
resp. of entire supplychainno mention ofsuppliers/subcontr.inform suppliers
resp. of suppliers
Inclusion of suppliers &Inclusion of suppliers &subcontractors in the application of IFAssubcontractors in the application of IFAs
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Level linkagesLevel linkages
Intersectoral social dialogue
Sectoral socialdialogue
EWCsIFAs_EFAs
SEs
Cross industry Sectoral Company
national social dialogue
European social dialogue
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growing interaction between:
a) intersectoral and sectoral dialogue in both directions
- telework sectoral > intersectoral- violence & harassment intersectoral > sectoral
- towards soft law outcomes
b) between the sectors
- crystalline sillica (15 sect. EMP and 2 EIF)- best value codes (textiles, cleaning, private security,
catering)
Level linkages at EU levelLevel linkages at EU level
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Level linkages at EU levelLevel linkages at EU level
c) sectoral and company level
- EIF = important actors at both levels- similar topics in European sectoral dialogue and EFAs
~ social dialogue, health and safety- crystalline sillica > more multi-sectoral agreements ?
d) company > company
- EWC agreements important mutual learning exercise > EFAs
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ConclusionsConclusions
transnational dialogue at company leveltransnational dialogue at company level
stable actors on EMP side, variable on TU side (GUF, EIF, EWC, nat.TU, nat. WC)no legal framework at international or EU levellimited impact on suppliers and subsidiarieslimited impact beyond Europe
IFAs/EFAs reflect traditions of European IR
concentrated in social market economies withcollective interest representation
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Further informationFurther information
http://www.eurofound.eu.int/publications
2009