IEEE 1588 Timing for Mobile Backhaul

A Light Reading Webinar Sponsored by

R

Robert Synnestvedt, Cisco

The World is on the M.O.VE. By 2015…

There will be 5B mobile devices and

1.5B M2M nodes

Video will be 66% of all mobile traffic

Global mobile traffic will grow 26X to 6.3 EB/mo

Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Forecast, 2010–2015

www.cisco.com/go/vni

Cost & Capacity Advantage of Ethernet

$37,044

$6,887

14 Mbps

17 Mbps

19 Mbps

22 Mbps 23 Mbps

24 Mbps 28 Mbps 35 Mbps 42 Mbps 49 Mbps

$0

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

CY09 CY10 CY11 CY12 CY13

Move to IP/ Ethernet

Stay on TDM TDM Costs

Escalate Directly with Bandwidth

Ethernet Costs Less per Bit, Flat Cost Structure

Backhaul Charges per Connection TDM IP/Ethernet

Internet Capacity Transformation

Web2.0 ’04

IP NGN

W3C ‘94

CSCO ‘84

4G=IP

4G=IP

Regional Demand by Volume & Technology

5

Unified Insight • Backhaul networks must

make rapid evolution to Ethernet/IP in order handle traffic loads, and cut operational costs

SP Content

Traditional Mobile Architecture Linear transport for linear Subscriber Growth

Core

RAN

Basic WAP Content

Business

CG

v6

Car

rier G

rade

IPv6

Cloud

Network

Client

SP Content Third-Party

Content

National Data Center/ Cloud/VHO

National Data Center/ Cloud/VHO

Regional Data

Center/VSO

Regional Data

Center/VSO

Mobile Internet Architecture Distributed to Scale with non-linear M.O.VE Demands

IP Core

EPC/Edge

Unified RAN

Nir Halachmi, Telco Systems

TDM migration needs

• TDM technology imposes heavy OPEX and CAPEX issues on the mobile operators

• TDM bandwidth scaling results linear escalated costs

• TDM equipment is getting obsolete, as long as the people expertise in the technology

TDM migration path

Carrier Ethernet Network

Legacy Network

Non-Ethernet

I/F

UNI Non-Ethernet

I/F

UNI GIWF RAN BS

RAN NC

GIWF

Carrier Ethernet Network Non-

Ethernet I/F

UNI Non-Ethernet

I/F

UNI GIWF RAN BS

RAN NC

GIWF

• Move from dual backbone network into a converged packet based network

Migration challenge – time synchronization

• Migrating the backhaul to packet based network while using Circuit Emulation Service (CES) will require clock synchronization on both ends

• Multiple clock domains can be supported by use of “differential clock”

• CES requires only frequency synchronization, that can be achieved by using ACR, SyncE and 1588v2 technologies

Sample Deployment

2G / 3G / 4G Cell Site Design

• 2G / 3G Cell site

• 4G cell site

Why use 1588v2 for the migration

• Not a bookended solution • New mechanisms to increase accuracy

– 1588v2 Transparent Clock – 1588v2 Boundary Clock

• Future proof for 4G support – can support phase synchronization as well

Manish Gupta, Symmetricom

Base Station

microwave backhaul

SSU

TDM

Grandmaster IEEE 1588

PTP / IEEE 1588

SyncE

Network Synchronization

TDM

IEEE 1588

LTE Cluster SyncE

IEEE 1588

SyncE

Frequency and Time Specifications Application Frequency Time

LTE (FDD)

LTE (TDD)

LTE MBSFN

LTE-A CoMP (Network MIMO)

WiMAX (TDD)

CDMA2000

TD-SCDMA

GSM / UMTS / W-CDMA

UMTS/ W-CDMA Femtocells

GSM, UMTS, LTE Network Interface

N/A

+/- 1.5 µs small cell, +/- 5µs large cell

+/- 1-32 µs, implementation dependent

+/- 500 ns (0.5 µs), pre-standard

+/-1 - 8 µs, implementation dependent

50 ppb

50 ppb

50 ppb

50 ppb

50 ppb

50 ppb

250 ppb

50 ppb

N/A

50 ppb

50 ppb

+/-3 – 10 µs

+/- 1.5 µs

Synchronization Options

From Frequency to Frequency + Time (Phase)

GNSS with PTP (SyncE) Holdover

GNSS with Rubidium (SyncE) Holdover

GNSS, PTP, Rubidium - You Need 2 Out of 3

PTP with Rubidium (SyncE) Holdover

IEEE 1588–2008 is the second version of a mature IEEE standard

IEEE 1588-2008 (PTP) Defined

Protocol Specification ratified by IEEE for providing precise timing and frequency over packet-based networks

IEEE 1588 PTP History

1588 PTP 2002 (also called v.1) - approved in 2002 1588 PTP 2008 (also called v.2) - approved in 2008

• Introduction of PTP Profile concept

ITU-T Telecom Profile for frequency (G.8265.1) • Approved in 2010

IEEE 1588-2008 & Interoperability

Telecom Profile Objectives

• Meet the performance criteria for synchronization of cellular basestations when operating over managed networks

• Allow interoperability between PTP Grandmasters and PTP Slave clocks

• Allow co-existence with other sync networks (such as SyncE and SDH)

• To enable the design of protection schemes compatible with existing sync networks

G.8265.1 Telecom Profile defines the key parameters for interoperability among vendors

SyncWorld™ Ecosystem Program

Symmetricom® has established the

SyncWorld™ Ecosystem Program to enable

interoperability and cooperation among the

vendors to ensure delivery of precise timing and

synchronization services across the network

Symmetricom IEEE 1588 Deployments

PTP PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP PTP

PTP

PTP PTP

PTP

PTP

PPT PPT PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP PTP

PTP

PTP PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP PTP

PTP PTP

PTP PTP PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP

PTP

65 + Live IEEE 1588 Network Deployments

Errol Binda, Aviat

Carrier Ethernet Maturity Alongside 1588/1588v2

• Carrier Ethernet maturity has provided a foundation for available and predictable CE backhaul services in the last few years in parallel with 1588/1588v2 maturity

– Standards maturity e.g. MEF – Vendor adoption e.g. networking, testing, management – Interoperability testing e.g. EANTC, ecosystems – Competitive CE services

Heavy Reading

1588v2 Adaption to all Forms of Backhaul Transport

• 1588v2 being supported across all Ethernet transport options • Microwave dominates global mobile backhaul –> migrating to Hybrid & All Ethernet • 1588v2 deployment ease is dependent on a reliable and predictable backhaul network,

including microwave

Heavy Reading Dec. 2010

Some Unique Attributes of Microwave Backhaul for Supporting 1588v2

• Microwave ‘last mile’ is typically many miles over multiple hops - > engineer for delay and jitter to support 1588v2

2G/3G/4G

~

~ Primary

Reference Clock

~

1588v2 Grandmaster Clock

1588v2 Slave Clock

1588v2 over Ethernet Microwave Over Multiple Hops

~

~ ~

~ ~

~

Primary Reference Clock

~

1588v2 Grandmaster Clock

1588v2 Slave Clocks

1588v2 over Ethernet Microwave over Protected

Rings

Some Unique Attributes of Microwave Backhaul for Supporting 1588v2 Cont.

• Microwave transport is designed to accommodate a variable radio path -> ACM prioritization for 1588v2

Microwave Adaptive Coding and Modulation

Some Guidelines to Ease 1588v2 over Microwave Deployment

For more info, see Light Reading’s Mobile Backhaul Synchronization Briefing Center: “Deploying IEEE 1588v2 Synchronization over Packet Microwave Networks” Application Note http://www.lightreading.com/mobile_bh/

Proper engineering eases 1588v2 over microwave deployments, for example: - Maintain an end to end link delay between 100-500uS per link - Prioritize 1588v2 over other traffic and ensure consistent traffic management (QoS

policy, scheduling, shaping etc.) across the entire radio network - Ensure that Synchronization traffic receives the highest priority in any ACM state

Patrick Donegan, Heavy Reading

“On a scale of 1 to 5, where 5 is “highly likely” and 1 is “not likely at all,” please rate the likelihood that your company will adopt the following synchronization solutions as its preferred approaches to provide synchronization of packet backhaul over the next three years”

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

End 2010 End 2011 End 2012 End 2013 End 2014 End 2015

Glob

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ell s

ites

in li

ve s

ervi

ce w

ith E

ther

net B

ackh

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IEEE 1588 Synchronous Ethernet T1/E1 GPS Other

Heavy Reading’s Backhaul Synchronization Forecast

Q&A Session

Please submit your questions!

Back up

Backhaul Network Transformation

From Single Service TDM Hub and Spoke Access…

… to Optimized IP/Ethernet Multi-service Mesh Network

Unified Insight • Backhaul networks must

simultaneously support Any combination of 2G, 3G, 4G cell sites

The Global Cell Site Market

Source: Equipment vendors, service providers, press, and Heavy Reading estimates 35