Ideas About Ideas About EvolutionEvolution

Ideas About Ideas About EvolutionEvolution

Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of acquired Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of acquired characteristics and Darwin’s theory of characteristics and Darwin’s theory of

natural selection.natural selection.

Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of acquired Describe Lamarck’s hypothesis of acquired characteristics and Darwin’s theory of characteristics and Darwin’s theory of

natural selection.natural selection.

Identify why variations in organisms are Identify why variations in organisms are important.important.

Identify why variations in organisms are Identify why variations in organisms are important.important.

Compare and contrast gradualism and Compare and contrast gradualism and punctuated equilibriumpunctuated equilibrium

Compare and contrast gradualism and Compare and contrast gradualism and punctuated equilibriumpunctuated equilibrium

Early Models of Evolution

group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can reproduce among themselves, producing fertile offspring

change in inherited characteristics over time

process by which organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of the species

any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment

SPECIES

EVOLUTION

NATURALSELECTION

VARIATION

ADAPTATION

LamarckismLamarckismLamarckismLamarckism

Characteristics developed during a parent’s Characteristics developed during a parent’s lifetime are inherited by the offspring. lifetime are inherited by the offspring.

Evidence does not support this.Evidence does not support this.

Characteristics developed during a parent’s Characteristics developed during a parent’s lifetime are inherited by the offspring. lifetime are inherited by the offspring.

Evidence does not support this.Evidence does not support this.

Darwin’s FinchesDarwin’s FinchesDarwin’s FinchesDarwin’s Finches

Darwin’s FinchesDarwin’s FinchesDarwin’s FinchesDarwin’s FinchesThe Galapagos finches ______________________ for food. Those The Galapagos finches ______________________ for food. Those that had that had _____________________, ______________________ that allowed them to _____________________, ______________________ that allowed them to get foodget foodwere able to _________________ longer and _____________________ were able to _________________ longer and _____________________ more.more.Over time, groups of finches became separate Over time, groups of finches became separate ___________________.___________________.

The Galapagos finches ______________________ for food. Those The Galapagos finches ______________________ for food. Those that had that had _____________________, ______________________ that allowed them to _____________________, ______________________ that allowed them to get foodget foodwere able to _________________ longer and _____________________ were able to _________________ longer and _____________________ more.more.Over time, groups of finches became separate Over time, groups of finches became separate ___________________.___________________.

competedcompeted

advantagesadvantages beak shapesbeak shapes

survivesurvive reproducereproduce

speciesspecies

Darwin’s 5 Principles of Natural Darwin’s 5 Principles of Natural SelectionSelection

Darwin’s 5 Principles of Natural Darwin’s 5 Principles of Natural SelectionSelection

1. Organisms produce more offspring than 1. Organisms produce more offspring than can survivecan survive1. Organisms produce more offspring than 1. Organisms produce more offspring than can survivecan survive

2. Differences, or variations, occur among 2. Differences, or variations, occur among individuals of a speciesindividuals of a species2. Differences, or variations, occur among 2. Differences, or variations, occur among individuals of a speciesindividuals of a species

3. Some variations are passed to offspring3. Some variations are passed to offspring3. Some variations are passed to offspring3. Some variations are passed to offspring

4. Some variations are helpful. Those with helpful 4. Some variations are helpful. Those with helpful variationsvariations survive and reproduce better.survive and reproduce better.

4. Some variations are helpful. Those with helpful 4. Some variations are helpful. Those with helpful variationsvariations survive and reproduce better.survive and reproduce better.

5. Over time, offspring of individuals with helpful 5. Over time, offspring of individuals with helpful variations makevariations make up more of a population and may become a new up more of a population and may become a new species.species.

5. Over time, offspring of individuals with helpful 5. Over time, offspring of individuals with helpful variations makevariations make up more of a population and may become a new up more of a population and may become a new species.species.

Variation vs. Variation vs. AdaptationAdaptation

Variation vs. Variation vs. AdaptationAdaptation

Variation vs. Adaptation

Variation vs. Adaptation

VARIATION ADAPTATION

DEFINITIONAN INHERITED TRAIT THAT MAKES AN INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENT FROM OTHER

MEMBERS OF ITS SPECIES

ANY VARIATION THAT MAKES AN ORGANISM BETTER SUITED TO ITS

ENVIRONMENT

EXAMPLES

Black Black skinskinBlack Black skinskin

Two layers of Two layers of furfurTwo layers of Two layers of furfur

Webbed Webbed feetfeetWebbed Webbed feetfeet

Sensitive Sensitive nosenoseSensitive Sensitive nosenose

Small Small earsearsSmall Small earsears

Long Long clawsclawsLong Long clawsclaws

Polar BearPolar BearPolar BearPolar Bear

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pgDE2DOICuc

Cuttlefish Cuttlefish camouflagecamouflageCuttlefish Cuttlefish

camouflagecamouflage

WHAT HAPPENSHOW IT LEADS TO

CHANGE

CHANGES IN GENE SOURCES

OVER TIME, GENETIC MAKEUP OF A SPECIES

MAY CHANGE

WHEN NEW INDIVIDUALS ENTER AN AREA

THEY CAN BRING IN DIFFERENTGENES AND VARIATIONS

GEOGRAPHICISOLATION

MOUNTAINS AND LAKES CAN ISOLATEINDIVIDUALS FROM THE POPULATION

OVER SEVERAL GENERATIONS, VARIATIONS

NOT COMMON IN LARGE POPULATIONMAY BECOME COMMON IN ISOLATED

POPULATION

Variation vs. Variation vs. AdaptationAdaptation

Variation vs. Variation vs. AdaptationAdaptation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MAZfEdthTlo

Gradualism vs Punctuated Gradualism vs Punctuated EquilibriumEquilibrium

Gradualism vs Punctuated Gradualism vs Punctuated EquilibriumEquilibrium

Slow, ongoing Slow, ongoing processprocess

Slow, ongoing Slow, ongoing processprocess

Continuous Continuous seriesseries

of mutationsof mutations

Continuous Continuous seriesseries

of mutationsof mutations

Intermediary Intermediary forms - gradual forms - gradual

changechange

Intermediary Intermediary forms - gradual forms - gradual

changechange

Rapid change Rapid change with few with few

mutationsmutations

Rapid change Rapid change with few with few

mutationsmutations

Bacteria can Bacteria can changechange

in just a fewin just a fewgenerationsgenerations

Bacteria can Bacteria can changechange

in just a fewin just a fewgenerationsgenerations

Both showBoth showevolutionevolution

Both showBoth showevolutionevolution

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

Identify the importance of fossils as Identify the importance of fossils as evidence of evolutionevidence of evolution

Identify the importance of fossils as Identify the importance of fossils as evidence of evolutionevidence of evolution

Explain how relative and radiometric dating Explain how relative and radiometric dating are used to estimate the age of fossilsare used to estimate the age of fossils

Explain how relative and radiometric dating Explain how relative and radiometric dating are used to estimate the age of fossilsare used to estimate the age of fossils

List examples of five types of evidence for List examples of five types of evidence for evolutionevolution

List examples of five types of evidence for List examples of five types of evidence for evolutionevolution

Clues About Evolution

a type of rock made from pieces of other rocks, minerals deposited from a solution, or plant and animal matter

SEDIMENTARYROCK

element that gives off a steady amount of radiation as it slowly changes to a nonradioactive element

RADIOACTIVEELEMENT

study of embryos and their developmentEMBRYOLOGY

similar in structure, origin or function

structure that does not seem to have a function and that may have functioned in the body of an ancestor

HOMOLOGOUS

VESTIGIAL

Green River FormationGreen River FormationGreen River FormationGreen River Formation

Green River FormationGreen River FormationGreen River FormationGreen River Formation

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

InformatiInformationon

obtained obtained fromfrom

fossilsfossils

Relative Relative age of age of

the rocksthe rocks

Habits Habits and and

behaviors behaviors of ancient of ancient

lifelife

Show Show what what

organismorganisms looked s looked

likelike

Show that Show that evolution evolution

has has happenedhappened

Relative DatingRelative DatingRelative DatingRelative Dating

Youngest

Oldest

Relative DatingRelative DatingRelative DatingRelative Dating

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

Clues About Clues About EvolutionEvolution

Other Other clues clues about about

evolutionevolution

EmbryoloEmbryologygy

Vestigial Vestigial StructureStructure

ss

HomologHomologous ous

StructureStructuress

DNADNA

EmbryologyEmbryologyEmbryologyEmbryology

Homologous Homologous StructuresStructures

Homologous Homologous StructuresStructures

Convergent Convergent EvolutionEvolution

Convergent Convergent EvolutionEvolution

Vestigial Vestigial StructuresStructuresVestigial Vestigial

StructuresStructures