ict access & e-government information and communications technology and disaster risk reduction...
DESCRIPTION
.TRANSCRIPT
ICT Access & e-Government
Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD)
ESCAP-Funded by KECF-
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Table of Contents
� Objectives and expected outcomes of
the roundtable
� ESCAP overview
� Regional overview on ICT for
Development
� ICT to address Health- and Poverty-
related MDGs
� Overview of KECF project
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Objectives and expected outcomes of the roundtable
Identify the capacity building needs of policy makers and implementers in the area of ICT and governance;
Identify the information, product and service needs of member states and gaps exists to promote inclusive and sustainable socio-economic development;
Provide guidance on various legislative/policy issues and options;
Provide a platform to find out solutions to the existing problems and constraints;
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Objectives and expected outcomes of the roundtable (cont.)
Raise awareness on recent developments in the use of ICT;
Establish a network among participants (networking tool);
Partnership building
Provide guidance to ESCAP for its future activities;
Finally, to generate invaluable comments, inputs, views to further develop our programme of work and improve our service to our clients
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESCAP overview
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
ESCAP Regional development arm of the United Nations
Serves as the main economic and social
development centre for the United Nations in Asia-
Pacific
Provides the strategic link between global and
country-level programmes and issues
Supports Governments of countries in the region in
consolidating regional positions to approach regional
and global challenges
HQ located in Bangkok, Thailand
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
ESCAP Conference Structure
Eight committees (July 2008)- from
three committees
Committees under the Information
and Communications Technology
and Disaster Risk Reduction (IDD);
Information and Communications
Technology (CICT)
Disaster Risk Reduction (CDRR)
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Committee on ICT
Issues to be addressed:
Integration of ICT-related issues in
development policies, plans and
programmes
Transfer of ICT applications at the regional
and subregional levels
Development of human and institutional
capacity in the use of ICT
ICT applications for disaster risk reduction
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
IDD: Subprogramme Objectives…
Increase sharing of knowledge among ESCAP member
States on policy options, strategies and best practices for
ICT connectivity and for integrating multi-hazard disaster
risk reduction into national development plan and
programmes;
Strengthen regional cooperative mechanisms in support
of ICT connectivity and disaster risk management;
Improve capabilities of member States in the field of multi-
hazard assessment, preparedness, early warning and
response to disaster risks;
Improve institutional capacity of ESCAP member States to
apply ICT for socio-economic development.
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
ESCAP ICT StrategyEconomic Connectivity:Economic Connectivity: ICT applications for trade and
transport development and facilitation
Social Connectivity:Social Connectivity: Promotion ICT and its tools to achieve
IADG
Pacific Connectivity:Pacific Connectivity: connect the unconnected and
islands
ICT for DRR:ICT for DRR: effective integration of ICT applications with
other information technologies for effective disaster
management
Regional cooperationRegional cooperation for socio-economic development oriented ICT applications
Innovation in ICT applicationsInnovation in ICT applications and facilities
ICT capacity buildingICT capacity building through the Asian and Pacific Training Centre for ICT for Development (APCICT)
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Regional Overview:
ICT for Inclusive and
Sustainable Socio-economic
Development
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Mobile Technology
Mobile networks are expanding rapidly among
LDCs, especially LLDCs, with over 100% growth
between 2003-2008
SIDS generally show slower growth than the rest
Mobile communication is the predominant
means for communication among LDCs
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Figure: Penetration of mobile phones in selected countries in the Asia-Pacific region
Penetration of mobile phones (selected countries)-2008
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Internet
• The lowest Internet subscriber number found in South and South-West Asia with 8.6 per 100 populations with the highest average CAGR of 27.8%
• The highest number, 44.2, is found in the Pacific (including Australia and New Zealand), with negative growth between (-0.4%)
• ESCAP average in 2008 is 17.4
• LDC average is 0.6
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Broadband Internet per 100 populations
Country/Name 2003 2008 CAGR(%)
Republic of Korea 23.701 32.1 6.3
Japan 11.722 23.7 15.1
Singapore 10.041 21.7 16.7
Malaysia 0.447 4.8 60.9
Kazakhstan 0.007 3.6 252.7
Cambodia 0.003 0.1 80.9
Viet Nam 0.011 1.5 165.7
Azerbaijan 0.005 0.7 169.7
India 0.013 0.4 103.5
Iran (Islamic Rep.) 0.001 0.4 232.2
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Broadband subscription: overview
The most obvious digital divide appears in the
number of broadband usage
Negative correlation between decline in fixed
telephone lines and growth in broadband
subscription
Some countries are catching up rapidly
ESCAP average is 3.9 per 100 populations
South and South-West Asia: rapid growth (99.1%)
but still low number (0.67)
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
� Af ghanistan� Bangladesh� Bhutan� India� Iran(Islamic Rep)
� Maldiv es� Nepal� Pakistan� Sri Lanka
country
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000
ICTAccess
0.000
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
eGovt
��
��
�
�
�
�
EGov t vs ICT Access, 2008 Index
South-Asia
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
� Brunei Darussalam� Cambodia� Indonesia� Lao PDR
� Malay sia� Myanmar� Philippines� Singapore
� Thailand� Timor-Letse� Viet Nam
country
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000
ICTAccess
0.000
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
eGo
vt
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
EGov t vs ICT Access, 2008 Index
South-East Asia
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Where should we go from here
MDGs and WSIS goals: ICT access would be fundamental
in achieving them
Capitalizing on exponential mobile growth -> more poor
and vulnerable people getting communications means
for the first time
Development of information and communications
infrastructure, the foundation of ICT applications, relies on
private and public financing
Private sector accounts for heavy capital input for
infrastructure and network development.
Broadband and mobile communications are driving
economic growth in developing countries
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
ICT to address Health- and
Poverty-related MDGs
(Millennium Development Goals)
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
E-Government for the MDGs
E-government is a powerful tool for achieving
the MDGs
Increasing efficiency and effectiveness of public
administration
Expanding reach and speed of public services
delivery
Using technology to reach the underserved
(examples: mobile financial services and mobile
health )
“To do more with less resources”
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) – Selected Indicators
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
•By 2010, the Asia-Pacific region will have close to 53 million international migrants – one quarter of the world’s migrants.
Migration, Remittances and an Inclusive financial System
International remmittances as % of GDP, 2008
50
38
28 2622
11 11
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Tajik
ista
n
Tonga
Kyrgy
z Repub
lic
Sam
oa
Nepal
Bangl
adesh
Philipp
ines
•Remittances are often spent on household expenses and basic subsistence needs (food, clothing, health and payment of debts)
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Part of the solution: Mobile financial services
More than 1 billion people in emerging markets do not
have a bank account but do have a mobile phone.
It is estimated that the use of mobile phone to transfer
remittances may exceed 1/2 a billion people by 2014.
Examples of companies providing mobile financial
services in developing countries:
M-Paisa in Fiji; Easypaisa in Pakistan; EKO/SBI, ICICI, and
Nokia - Obopay in India; WING Money in Cambodia,
Grameen - Obopay in Bangladesh, Smart
Communication and Globe Telecom in the Philippines,
etc.
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Part of the solution: Mobile Health
M-Health: Using mobile communications - such as
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) and mobile phones - for
health services and information. Potentials:
Healthcare workers to provide real-time diagnoses and
accurate health information in rural as well as
marginalized areas where no health services exist
Remote diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation
Improving quality, efficiency and cost-effectiveness of
care
Tracking of diseases and monitoring of populations at risk
Coordinating response to disease events and natural
disasters.
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Capacity-building
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Tele-consulting and emergency assistance
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Public Awareness
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Data Collection and Early Warning
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Where should we go from here?
Establish effective and efficient ICT regulation
Increasing awareness to develop and adopt mobile applications, for example: mobile financial services, and m-health.
Ensure development of the required infrastructure
Provide a framework for the provision of electronic services and development of applications, i.e. mobile remittances, mobile banking, and mobile health.
Define guidelines and standards for mobile applications including: interoperability, quality of service, customer protection, confidentiality, logical and physical security of transactions and infrastructure.
Develop skills among government officials, business sector and end users.
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview
of the KECF projectStrengthening ICT policies & applications to
achieve MDG & WSIS goals in Asia & the
Pacific
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Introduction of KECF project
KECF : Korea-ESCAP Co-operation Fund
$ 12.4 million, 184 projects (1987~2010)
KECF project on ICT (May 2009~May 2011)
Strengthening ICT policies & applications to achieve MDG &
WSIS goals in Asia & the Pacific
Goal
- Expand ICT access in the under-serviced areas of the
LDC, LLDC and SIDS for development-oriented ICT
applications
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
1. sub-Regional Workshops (Oct. 2009)
���� Analysis revealed
� emerging trends- phenomenal growth of mobile
- substitution effect (fixed vs. mobile)
� characteristics & different
pattern of growth in ICT access
���� Cooperation
� policy & decision makers of LDC,
LLDC & SIDS (49 participants)
� share experience & practices
���� South & Central Asia,
South-East Asia & the Pacific
���� Analysis on
� Current Status of ICT access
� Technological, policy & regulatory
options to expand ICT access
���� Studies to link
� findings & discussion outcomes to- information dissemination & applications
- policy recommendations & options
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
2. ICT access & e- Gov’t for Achieving the MDGs (round table, June 2010)
Results of the previous sub-regional workshops
: Telecommunications Regulation Report in the Asia Pacific
Region
(David Butcher)���� Aims to
� identify possible regulatory reforms among member countries
���� Studies
� regulation structure (monopoly ~ competitive) & issues
� how to bridge the digital divide
���� Asian Experience
� changes in ICT trends
� in-depth Analysis on 6 countries & other examples
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
2. ICT access & e- Gov’t for Achieving the MDGs (round table, June 2010)
���� Summary of conclusions (1/3)
���� Competitive Regulation
� effective to reduce price, improve services & expand coverage
� functional separation of policy, regulation,
biz management and ownership
� defined legal mandate for the regulator & transparency
� treatment of all networks equally (non-discriminatory regulation),
technology-neutral license (horizontal regulation) can
- increase participation of new service providers
- enable convergence of wide services onto same infrastructure
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
2. ICT access & e- Gov’t for Achieving the MDGs (round table, June 2010)
���� Summary of conclusions (2/3)
� Behavioral vs. Structural Regulation
� behavioral regulation (ex. Price control, standards & quality of
service approval) is technology specific
� structural regulation is technology neutral
so that it facilitates commercial & technological innovation
� competition is more effective than price setting approach
to reduce price & increase access to network
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
2. ICT access & e- Gov’t for Achieving the MDGs (round table, June 2010)
���� Summary of conclusions (3/3)
� Bridging the Digital Divide
�Malaysia, South Korea, Australia have promoted government
led initiatives to speed the digital divide
� but, for most countries in the region this is not possible
� Hoppe’s law : “Any network facing competition will expand”
- intensive competition from wireless alternatives
- need to encourage infrastructure & facilities sharing
� non-discrimination (ex. Geographically), fair & clear process
achieve good outcomes
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Overview of KECF project
3. Concluding meeting (Nov. 2010)
2. Round 2. Round Table Table
1. Regional 1. Regional WorkshopWorkshop
���� In conjunction with 2nd session of
CICT (committee on ICT)
���� In this committee
� present the findings of studies &
in-depth gap
� discuss on policy options for
implementation at the national level &
regional cooperation
� introduce platform for network
among policy & decision makers
3. Concluding3. Concludingmeeting meeting
UNPOG / ESCAP Conference, 17-18 June 2010. Seoul
Introduction of KECF project
Thank you kindly…
More information available from;
http://www.unescap.org/idd/