Page 1: Fundamental constants 

Gravity acceleration                                     g                    9.81 ms-2

Gravitational constant                                  G                   6.67 x 10-11 Nm2kg-2

Avogadro's constant                                    NA                  6.02 x 1023 mol-1

Gas constant                                              R                    8.31 JK-1 mol-1

Boltzmann's constant                                  k                    1.38 x 10-23 JK-1

Stefan-Boltzmann constant                                              5.67 x 10-8 Wm-2K-4

Coulomb constant                                       k                    8.99 x 109 Nm2C-2

Permittivity of free space                              0                    8.85 x 10-12 C2N-1m-2

Permeability of free space                            0                   4 x 10-7 TmA-1

Speed of light in vacuum                              c                    3.00 x 108 ms-1

Planck's constant                                        h                    6.63 x 10-34 Js

Charge on electron                                      e                    1.60 x 10-19 C

Electron rest mass                                      me                  9.11 x 10-31 kg = 0.000549 u = 0.511 MeV/c2

Proton rest mass                                        mp                  1.673 x 10-27 kg = 1.007276 u = 938 MeV/c2

Neutron rest mass                                       mn                 1.675 x 10-27 kg = 1.008665 u = 940 MeV/c2

Unified atomic mass unit                              u                    1.661 x 10-27 kg = 931.5 MeV/c2

 

Page 2 : SI prefixes and unit conversions 

tera = T = 1012, giga = G = 109, mega = M = 106, kilo = k =103, hecto = h = 102, deca = da = 101, deci = d = 10-1, centi = c = 10-2, milli = m = 10-3, micro = = 10-6, nano = n = 10-9, pico = p = 10-12, femto = f = 10-15 

 

1 light year (ly) = 9.46 x 1015 m                     1 parsec = 3.26 ly                

1 astronomical unit(AU) = 1.50 x 1011 m        1 radian (rad) = 180o/                                                      

1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 3.60 x 106 J              1 atm = 1.01 x 105 Nm-2 =101 kPa = 760 mmHg

 

Page 3 : Electrical circuit symbols

Symbols are given for: cell, battery, lamp, ac supply, switch, ammeter, voltmeter, galvanometer, resistor, potentiometer, transformer, heating element

 

Page 4 : Measurement and mechanics

Horizontal and vertical components of the vector A:              AH = Acos                           AV = Asin

Uncertainties:  If y = a b then y = a + b

If y = ab/c then y/y = a/a + b/b + c/c                                               

 

v = s/t                               a = v/t                               g = F/m                                g = Gm/r2       

 

Page 5 : Mechanics

v = u + at                             s = ((u+v)/2)t   s = ut + ½at2                         v2 = u2 + 2as   

 

s : displacement, t : time, u : initial speed, v : final speed, a : acceleration

 

F = ma                                p =mv                                   F = p/t                              Ek = p2 / 2m    

 

Impulse = Ft = p              W = (Fss =)  Fs cos             Ek = ½mv2                             Ep = mgh

 

P (= E/t or W/t) = work/time = Fv                                      F = (-) kx                              Eelas = ½kx2

                                                                                                           

a = v2/r = 42r/T2                   = Fr sin                            Ffr = kN and Ffr < or = sN    

 

F = Gm1m2/r2                        Ep = -Gm1m2/r                       V = -Gm/r                             T2/R3 = constant                                        

Page 6           Thermal physics and Waves

Q = mcT                             Q = mL                                 p = F/A                                 pV = nRT       

 

Q = U + W                      W = pV                            efficiency = (QH - QC)/ QH   

 

= Carnot efficiency = (TH - TC)/ TH                                    QC/QH   =   TC/TH                   (Carnot cycle)

 

f = 1/T                                  v = f                                    fbeat = f1 - f2  

 

Moving source:                      f' = f ( 1 / (1   vs/v))                Moving observer:                    f' = f (1   vo/v)

 

d sin = n                          s = D / d        sin 1 / sin 2 = v1 / v2            n = c / v          n1sin1  = n2sin2                                       

 

Page 7 : Electricity and magnetism, electromagnetism

F = kq1q2/r2 where k = 1/40                         E = F / q                               E = kq / r2      

 

E = - V / x                         E = V / d                              V = kq/r where k = 1/40

 

I = q / t                            R = V / I                               P = VI = I2R = V2/R                R = R1 + R2    

 

1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2                   B = 0I / 2r                           B = 0NI/L  = 0nI                   F = ILBsin    

 

F = qvBsin                           F/L = 0I1I2/2r                        = BLv                                 = BAcos   

 

= - N/t                          Irms = I0 /2                            Vrms = V0/2                          Vp/Vs = Np/Ns                        

Page 8 : Atomic, nuclear and quantum physics

E = mc2                                                                E = hf                                   p = h/                                 

 

hf = φ + Ek,max                         hf = hf0 + eVs                         N = N0e-t        T½=ln 2/

 

Page 9-10 : SL options

Page 11 : Biomedical physics and The history and development of physics

= 10 log ( I / I0 ) where I0 = 10-12 Wm-2                               I = I0e-x                                 x½ = ln2/

 

Mechanical Advantage = load/effort                

Velocity Ratio = distance moved by effort/ distance moved by load

Absorbed dose = Absorbed Energy / mass    Exposure = total charge / mass

Dose equivalent = quality factor x Absorbed dose               

 

1 / TE = 1/TB + 1 / TR              1 / = RH ( 1/n2 - 1/m2 )          xp h/2                           Et h/2

 

Page 12 : Astrophysics and Relativity

L = AT4                               max = 2.90 x 10-3 / T               d(parsec) = 1 / p(arc-second)

 

b = L / 4d2                           v = Hd                                  / v / c

 

= 1 / ( 1 - v2/c2 )½                 t = t0                               L = L0 /                               

 

ux' = ( ux - v ) / ( 1 - uxv/c2)                                                                        

 

m = m0                                p =m0u                                E0 = m0c2                              E = mc2

                                           

E2 = p2c2 + m02c4                   f / f = gh / c2                      RSch = 2GM / c2

 

Page 13 : Optics 

n1sin1 = n2sin2                    n = 1 / sinc    1/f  =  1/u + 1/v                      m = hi / ho = v / u

M = i / o                             = / b                                = 1.22/b                           d sin = n