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I N S P I R EI N S P I R EINfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe
Spatial Data Infrastructures (Madrid)(22 December 2004)
http://www.ec-gis.org/inspire/http://www.eurosion.org/index.html
Joep Crompvoets (Centre Geo-Information)
IntrduvObjectives
Introduction Spatial Data Infrastructure
EUROSION (Motivatie European Geo-InformationInfrastructure)
INSPIRE
Impacts
Access Network
Policy
Standards
Data (& services)
People
GIIComponents of Spatial Data Infrastructures
EUROSION :
Motivation for an European SDI
and the role of spatial data within SDI
Project funded by the
European Commission
OBJECTIVE
“To provide the European Commission with a package of recommendations on policy and management measures to address coastal erosion in the EU.
These recommendations should be based on a thorough assessment of the state of coastline and of the response options available at each level of administration.”
Moderately vulnerable areas
Lowly vulnerable areas
Highly vulnerable areas (hotspot)
Assessment of European coastlineExample of Ajaccio Bay
Analysis
Vulnerable areas andMonitoring indicators
In terms of
Lives at riskEconomy at risk
Nature at risk
ElevationBathymetryAdministrative boundariesHydrographyInfrastructureErosion patterns (CCEr)Sediment discharges from riversHydrodynamics and sea level riseLand cover (LC) and LC changesLaws and decreesNationally designated areasSocial and economical profiles
From Data to Information
INFORMATION PROBLEMS
A large variety of formats exist
Many geographical gaps still remain
Reference systems are not harmonized
Many data sources are not consistent
Scales are not compatible
All data are not interoperable
Costs and access restrictions
Issue No. 1 - A large variety of formats exists
Integration of various formats is time consuming and uncertain
- Satellite images
- Maps
- Aerial photographs
- Diagrams
- Statistics
- Reports
- Databases- Etc.
Issue No. 2 – Many geographical gaps still remain
Geological data at scale 1:50,000(source: BRGM, France)
Need to identify the gaps and make priorities to bridge them
Reference system 1 : ETRS89
Issue No. 3 - Reference systems are not harmonized
Need to define a common terrestrial reference system for data production and processing
Reference system 2 : Clarke 80
- 5 m
- 5 m
- 5 m
- 10 m
- 10 m
- 15 m
- 20 m
- 25 m
- 25 m
5 m
5 m
5 m
10 m
10 m
15 m
15 m
15 m
10 m
15 m
Sources 1:
Coastline : SABE (EuroGeographics)Bathymetry : TCIFMS (SHOM)Topography : BDTOPO (IGN)
Sources 2:
Coastline : SABE (EuroGeographics)Bathymetry : GEBCO (BODC)Topography : MONA PRO
Issue No. 4 – Many data sources are not consistent
Need to build pan-european “seamless” data with standard specifications
Issue No. 5 - Scales are not compatible
1:100,000 (source: SABE)
1:250,000 (source: WVS)
Need to adopt a common level of perception and representation of data
0 m < Difference < 50 m
50 m < Difference < 200 m
Difference > 200 m
CORINE Land Cover 1990
SABE Coastline
Issue No. 6 – All the data are not interoperableIssue No. 6 – All the data are not interoperable
Issue No. 7 – Costs and access restrictions (1/2)
Most existing datasets are “copyrighted”: you do not
buy information itself, but a right to use it (“license”)
The more users will handle the data, the moreexpensive the license
Dissemination of end-products is restricted(sometimes, end-products have to be “degraded”)
Quality “label” are not commonly adopted : uncertaintyabout the products licensed
Issue No. 7 – Costs and access restrictions (2/3)
28% acquisition of licensed data (e.g. Elevation)
17% update of existing data (e.g. Coastal Erosion)
33% production of missing data (e.g. Hydrodynamics)
24% Format conversion, integration, and quality control
EUROSION database = 2 Millions Euros
CONCLUSIONS
Higher investment costs (2 to 3 times)
Delayed implementation (8 to 10 months)
Uncertain quality
dissemination constraints
The absence of a European spatial data infrastructure results in:
I N S P I R EI N S P I R EINfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe
Main objective INSPIRE
To deliver useful, standardised and high quality data in order to formulate, implement, monitor and evaluate European, National andLocal Policy.
Differences between Height Reference Levels
Start-up phase
End 2001: Launch INSPIRE Action within 6th Environmental Action Program (6EAP)
-> Better Policy/Realisation Environment -> INSPIRE Legal framework for EU SDI
2001 – 2004: Preparation of INSPIRE (Coordination EC Brussels, supported by JRC, EUROSTAT + working groups)
23 Juli 2004: Acceptance of the INSPIRE-proposal by the European Commission A major Milestone for European SDI!!
Architecture & Standards
Chair : JRC Ispra
Legal Aspects& Data Policy
Chair : UK
Funding & Implementation
structuresChair : SE
Common Reference Data & Metadata
Chair : ESTAT
ImpactAnalysisChair : NL
Environmental thematic
co-ordinationChair: EEA
Inter-sectoral co-ordinationChair: ESTAT
…..
biodiversitysoils
air
marine
noiseforest
water
Environmental components
HorizontalComponents
Agricultural components
Transportcomponents
Other components
Technical Co-ordination & Secretariat JRC Ispra - Institute for Environment and Sustainability
COGIChair: ESTAT
INSPIRE Expert GroupChair : DG ENV & ESTAT
Further phases: other themes
Otherthematic
co-ordinationChair:
Transportthematic
co-ordinationChair:
Agriculturalthematic
co-ordinationChair:
Phase 1: Environmental
Sector
INSPIRE
Architecture & Standards
Chair : JRC Ispra
Legal Aspects& Data Policy
Chair : UK
Funding & Implementation
structuresChair : SW
Common Reference Data & Metadata
Chair : ESTAT
ImpactAnalysis
Chair : NL
Environmental thematic
co-ordinationChair: EEA
Inter-sectoral co-ordinationChair: ESTAT
…..biodiversity
soilair
urbannoise
forestwater
Environmental components
Agricultural components
Transportcomponents
Other components
Technical Co-ordination & Secretariat JRC Ispra - Institute for Environment and Sustainability
COGIChair: ESTAT
INSPIRE Expert GroupChair : DG ENV & ESTAT
Otherthematic
co-ordinationChair:
Transportthematic
co-ordinationChair:
Agriculturalthematic
co-ordinationChair:
First steps Further stepsINSPIREINSPIRE
Ver sion 28 Feb 2002
Impact of INSPIRE Framework• Positive impact on the demand and supply of spatial
datasets and services• Positive impact on decision-making• Positive impact on cost savings• Positive impacts to streamline environmental policy-
making• Positive impact on human resources• Positive impact on professional education (GIS, data
visualization, navigation and positioning, • Positive impact on the social cohesion• Negative impact on current spatial data price policy at
national level• Negative impact on public sector investment at national
level
The proposal
• General starting points, objectives and development processes for European SDI• Based on national SDIs• Focus on selected group of spatial data
(Annex I, II en III data/ integration-ambition and time)
• Main action points:1. Organise meta-data2. Standardise spatial data3. Develop network services4. Rules for data transfer and re-use
Annex I Annex III1. Coordinate Systems 1. Statistical units 2. Buildings2. Geographical gridsystems 3. Soil3. Geographical names 4. Geology4. Administrative units 5. Land Use5. Transport networks 6. Health and Security6. Hydrography 7. Environmental/Conservation7. Protection zones facilities
8. Production/industrial facilitiesAnnex II 9. Facilities for agriculture and aquaculture1. Elevation 10. Demography2. Ownership registrations 11. Land management in3. Cadastral parcels areas with limitations4. Soil Cover 12. Areas with environmental risks5. Ortho-images 13. Atmospheric conditions
14. Meteorological geographical characteristics15. Oceanographic geographical
characteristics16. Sea areas17. Bio-geographical areas18. Habitats en biotopes19. Dissemination of species
Division of spatial data (Annex I, II and III)
1.Organise meta-information• Member states: Description and management Meta-data• Annex I and II -> 2010; Annex III -> 2012• Starting point ISO-standard for metadata (ISO19115)
2. Standardise spatial data• formulate specifications • Establishment of common system for unambiguous
identification of objects, relations between objects, time and multilingual thesauri• Annex I -> 2009, Annex II and III -> 2013
3. Develop network services• Related to metadata and spatial data• Examples of potential services: Upload, Search,
View, Download and Analyse services • Member states: Central role to supply these services • Member States: Opportunity to limit access to public
4. Rules for data transfer and re-use
• Likely to be most politically difficult action -> establishment of rules
• Establishment of Directives and common licenseconditions
Users• Governments and Administrations (EU, National, Regional, Local)• Utility and Public Services (Transport, Health, Emergency services, Utilities)• Research and development Organisations (Universities, Public and Private Institutes)• Commercial and Professional End Users (Tourism, Value Added Resellers, Surveyors)• Non-governmental Organizations• General Public
INSPIRE future (1/2) Establishment of EU-directive (similar as EU-habitat
directive and EU-framework directive Water)
Three stages:1) Preparation stage (2005 – 2006)
- Activities mainly political/content focussed- NL (VROM): Place on the agenda and support
activities (e.g. Nat. Congress GII)- Adaptations to proposal- Establishment of (implementation) directives- Establishment of profiles for metadata- Extend European Geo-Portal- Test technological concepts
Proposal change to INSPIRE-decision ->submission to EU-Parliament and Council
2) Transposition stage (2007-2008) Establishment INSPIRE-commission -> control organ
(consisted of representatives of member states) Member states: Change directive in own law and rules
3) Implementation stage (2009-2013) Implementation of directive(s)
Periodical reporting about progress
INSPIRE future (2/2)