i cityprojects/ city ofsydney i arci …nswaol.library.usyd.edu.au/data/pdfs/13001_id_bickford...i i...

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CITY PROJECTS/ CITY OF SYDNEY

ARCI-IAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

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LAWSON SITE, BOTANIC GARDENS

CITY OF SYDNE.Y SCULPTURE \tVALK

Anne Bickford lVIAACAIHeritage Consultants

135 Catherine St Leichhardt NSW 2040Phone 02 - 95699672 Fax 02 - 95500261

Email [email protected]

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March 1999

ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LAWSON SCULPTURE SITE, BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY MARCH 1999

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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1.1 Location Map. Site of Lawson installation 4Figure 1.2 Site Plan City of Sydney Sculpture Walk: The Sites and 5the Artists. From: Sydney City Council.Figure 1.3 Site Plan showing location of Henry Lawson 6statueFigure 1.4 Survey showing location of proposed trees and 7panelsFigure 1.5 Photograph of the site, looking North from 8the mound on which the Henry Lawson statue stands,to the northern mound. Photo by Anne Bickford 22 February 1999Figure 7.1 c 1842 Lawson site as vacant land. East View 11of Sydney NSW. by H. I. Carnpbell. From: Conservation Analysisof Andrew (Boy) Charlton Pool by Design 5 Architects, 1995.Figure 7.2 1861 Lawson site as vacant land. Plan of part of 12the Outer Domain. From: Conservation Analysis of Andrew (Boy)Charlton Pool by Design 5 Architects, 1995.Figure 7.3 1879 Lawson site as vacant land. From: 13Excavation Permit Application for Wharf 11 Woolloomooloo Bay.By Anne Bickford, 1997.Figure 7.4 c 1898 Lawson site as vacant land . 14Woolloomooloo Bay. From: Conservation Analysis of Andrew(Boy) Charlton Pool by Design 5 Architects, 1995.Figure 7.5 1921 Lawson site as vacant land From: 15Archaeological Assessment for Wharf 11 and Cowper Wharf Road,Woolloomooloo. By Dana Mider 1997.

Anne Bickford Heritage Consultants 135 Catherine St. Leichhardt NSW 2040 02/95699672

CONTENTS1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 Background1.2 The study area1.3 Purpose1.4 Authorship and research1.5 Liaison1.6 Scope of the Project2.0 METHODOLOGY2.1 Cultural Significance2.2 Archaeological Assessment2.3 Fieldwork3.0 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO THE LAWSON SITE3.1 Topography3.2 Aboriginal occupation4.0 HISTORIC PLANS AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SITE5.0 HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL 106.0 ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL7.0 HISTORIC PICTURES AND PLANS

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ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LAWSONSCULPTURE SITE, BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY MARCH 1999

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

This is an archaeological assessment report concerning and coveringthe proposed site of a sculptural installation called 'Untitled' in theBotanic Gardens Sydney by Janet Lawrence and Jisuk Han. The locationof the site has been called Lawson by the City of Sydney Councitbecause at its southern end is a statue of Henry Lawson. Lawson is atSite 7, one of the sites of the City of Sydney Sculpture Walk beingprepared by the City Projects unit of the City of Sydney Council(Figure 1.2).

An archaeological assessment is concerned with assessing whetherarchaeological resources might exist on a site, and whether and howthese might be impacted. If they are to be impacted by a proposeddevelopment then mitigation and/or recording measures are assessedand recommended.

1.2 The Study Area - the location of the Lawson installation

The Lawson sculptural installation is a 100 metre passage ofplanted red gums and 20 panels of toughened laminated glass set intosteel and timber frames.

It is located in the Botanic Gardens in the grassy area withscattered trees between Mrs. Macquarie's Road which circles the area ina one-way direction. The sculpture will sinuously snake between twomounds from a point north of the Henry Lawson statue (See Figures1.3 and 1.4).

1.3 Purpose

The aim of this Report is to provide an archaeological assessment forthe Lawson site as part of the City of Sydney Council's DevelopmentApplication for the site.

1.4 Authorship and Research

This report was prepared and written by Anne Bickford. Anne Bickfordresearched the site by using several existing documents which show theLawson site at various times in its history. These documents are:




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1) Andrew (Boy) Charlton Pool, The Domain Sydney,Conservation Analysis and Conservation Policy. By Design 5Architects, August 1995, for Barry Hall Architecture and theCouncil of the City of Sydney.

2) Archaeological Assessment for Wharf 11 and Cowper WharfRoad, Woolloomooloo, Final Report. By Dana Mider,August 1997, for The Wharf at Woolloomooloo Pty Ltd.

3) Excavation Permit Application for Wharf 11 WoolloomoolooBay. By Anne Bickford, 2 July 1997, for the Heritage Council ofNSW.

1.5 Liaison

The client for this project is the City Projects section of the City ofSydney Council, Town Hall House 456 Kent Street, GPO Box 1591Sydney NSW 2000. Ms. Jo Spark is the liaison officer for the project.

1.6 Scope of the Project

In response to the brief Anne Bickford has:

1) Consulted the three reports listed above - the Conservation report onthe Boy Charlton Pool; the Archaeological Assessment for Wharf 11Woolloomooloo Bay, and the Excavation Permit Application forWharf 11.

2) Held discussions with Philip C. K. Hooi of Surveyors and LandDevelopment Consultants, concerning his survey of the site and theproposed location of the trees and panels

3) Collated plans and documentation to describe the site

4) Inspected the site and documented it by photography

5) Assessed the archaeological potential of the site

6) Made recommendations concerning the archaeological significanceof the site.


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ARCHAEOLOCICAL ASSESSMENT OF THF SCULPTURE SITE, BOTANIC C/IR[JF1\iSSYD,'<EY MARCH

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Figure 1.1 Location Map

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ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LA WSON SCULPTURE SITE, BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY MARCH 1999

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Figure 1.2 Site Plan City of Sydney Sculpture Walk: The Sites and the Artists.From: Sydney City C~:)Undl.

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City of Sydney Sculpture WalkAnne Bickford Heritage Consultants 135 Catherine St. Leichhardt NSW 2040 02/95699672



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Figure 1.3 Site Plan Showing location of Henry Lawson Statue and the installation.From: Sydney City Council.

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Figure 1.4 1998 Survey Plan of Proposed Location of Trees and PanelsBy Philip c.K. Hooi Pty Ltd, Surveyors and Land Development Consultants, 20 JarrettSt. Leichhardt NSW 2040

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Figure 1.5 Photograph of the site, looking North from the mound onwhich the Henry Lawson statue stands, to the northern mound.Photo by Anne Bickford 22 February 1999


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2.0 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Cultural Significance

This project has been carried out in accordance with the principles setout in the Australia [COMOS Burra Charter 1988 including Guidelinesto the Burra Charter: Cultural Significance, and the NSW HeritageManual produced by the Heritage Office and the Department of UrbanAffairs and Planning, 1996.

2.2 Archaeological Assessment

The Heritage Office and the Department of Urban Affairs and Planningof NSW have produced a volume of Archaeological AssessmentGuidelines 1996. This document has been used in the preparation ofthis study.

2.3 Fieldwork

The Lawson installation site was inspected by Anne Bickford andphotographed on Monday 22 February 1999.

3.0 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO THE LAWSON SITE

3.1 Topography

The Study Area is a grassed area between two mounds or hillocks, withscattered trees and some outcrops of the sandstone bedrock.

3.2 Aboriginal Occupation

Aborigines lived all over Sydney, so it is highly likely that they lived inthe area of what is now the Botanical Gardens. They would havedefinitely lived at Woolloomooloo Bay, adjacent to the site, for itsabundance of fish and shellfish for their diet.


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ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LAWSONSCULPTURE SITE, BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY MARCH 1999

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4.0 HISTORIC PLANS AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SITE

4.1 A search of historical maps and pictures (a selection shown in detailbelow) has shown that no historic structure has been built on the site.

5.0 HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

5.1 As there is no evidence of any historic structures on the site, the sitehas low historical archaeological potential, and is not of significance.Therefore there is no necessity to proceed any further with thisarchaeological assessment, or to apply for an Excavation Permit fromthe determining authority, the NSW Heritage Office.

6.0 ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

6.1 No Aboriginal artefacts or shells from potential shell middens wereobserved during the archaeological survey of the site by Anne Bickford.The National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) is the determiningauthority for sites of Aboriginal archaeological significance andpotentiaL As it is possible that Aborigines occupied the site in the pastand that the site has Aboriginal archaeological potential it isrecommended that archaeological monitoring take place during thedigging of the holes for the trees and the panels. This monitoring willbe done by Anne Bickford and a representative of the MetropolitanAboriginal Land CounciL If Aboriginal artefacts are found .then workon the site will cease and an Aboriginal archaeology specialistconsultant will be called in to advise on the archaeological significanceand prepare a report for the NPWS.


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7.0 HISTORIC PICTURES AND PLANS

Figure 7.1 c 1842 Lawson site as vacant land. East View of Sydney NSW. byH. 1. Campbell. From: Conservation Analysis of Andrew (Boy) Charlton Pool by Design5 Architects, 1995.

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Figure 7.3 1879 Lawson site as vacant land. From: Excavation PermitApplication for Wharf 11 Woolloomooloo Bay, By Anne Bickford, 1997,

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I Figure 7,4 c 1898 Lawson site as vacant land Woolloomooloo Bay, From:Conservation Analysis of Andrew (Boy) Charlton Pool by Design 5 Architects, 1995,

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ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LAWSONSCULPTURE SITE. BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY MARCH 1999

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Figure 7.5 1921 Lawson site as vacant land From: Archaeological Assessment forWharf 11 and Cowper Wharf Road, Woolloomooloo. By Dana Mider 1997.

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