hydrology of massachusetts - usgs · hydrology of massachusetts part 1. summary of stream flow and...

Hydrology of MassachusettsPart 1. Summary of stream flow and precipitation records

By C. E. KNOX and R. M. SOULE

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1105

Prepared in cooperation with Massachusetts Department of Public ff^orks

, PI1R1 If PROPERTY and is not toThis copy is rUDLIt r nuri-i LIbe removed from the official files. JJWMt^ 380, POSSESSION IS UNLAWFUL (* s ' Sup% * Sec. 749)

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1949

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

J. A. Kruft, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

W. E. Wrather, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. G. - Price 91.00 (paper cover)

CONTENTS

PageIntroduction........................................................ 1Cooperation and acknowledgments..................................... 3Explanation of data................................................. 3

Stream-flow data.................................................. 3Duration tables................................................... 5Precipitation data................................................ 6

Bibliography........................................................ 6Index of stream-flow records........................................ 8Stream-flow records................................................. 9Merrimack River Basin............................................. 9Merrimack River below. Concord River, at Lowell, Mass............ 9Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass............................... 10North Nashua River near Leominster, Mass........................ 14Nashua River at East Pepperell, Mass............................ 15South Branch Nashua River at Clinton, Mass...................... 16Assabet River at Maynard, Mass.................................. 19Concord River at Lowell, Mass................................... 20Concord River below River Meadow Brook, at Lowell, Mass......... 21Sudbury River at Pramingham Center, Mass........................ 22Lake Cochituate Outlet at Cochituate, Mass...................... 25

Ipswich River Basin............................................... 28Ipswich River at South Middleton, Mass.......................... 28Ipswich River near Ipswich, Maas................................ 29

Mystic River Basin................................................ 30AberJona River at Winchester, Mass.............................. 30Mystic Lake near Medford, Mass.................................. 31

Charles River Basin............................................... 32Charles River at Charles River Village, Mass.................... 32Charles River at Waltham, Mass.................................. 33Mother Brook at Dedham, Mass.................................... 34

Neponset River Basin.............................................. 35Neponset River at Norwood, Mass................................. 35

Taunton River Basin............................................... 36Taunton River at Titicut near Bridgewater, Mass................. 36Taunton River at State Farm, Mass............................... 37Wading River near Norton, Mass.................................. 38

Providence River Basin............................................ 39Blackstone River at Worcester, Mass............................. 39Blackstone River at Northbridge, Mass........................... 40Blackstone River at Woonsocket, R. I............................ 41QuinsIgamond River at North Qrafton, Mass....................... 42Mumford River at East Douglas, Mass............................. 43

Thames River Basin................................................ 44Quinebaug River at Westville, Mass.............................. 44Quinebaug River at Quinebaug, Conn.............................. 45Little River at Buffumvllle, Mass............................... 46

Connecticut River Basin........................................... 47Connecticut River at Turners Falls, Mass........................ 47Connecticut River at Montague City, Mass........................ 49Connecticut River at Sunderland, Mass........................... 50Connecticut River at Holyoke, Mass.............................. 52Connecticut River at Thompsonville, Conn........................ 53Millers RiVer near Winchendon, Mass............................. 54Millers River at South Royalston, Mass.......................... 56Millers River at Erving, Mass................................... 57Sip Pond Brook near Winchendon, Mass............................ 59Priest Brook near Winchendon, Mass.............................. 61Otter River near Gardner, Mass.................................. 62East Branch Tully River near Athol, Mass........................ 63Moss Brook at Wendell Depot, Mass............................... 65Deerfield River at Charlemont, Mass............................. 67Deerfield River at Shelburne Falls, Mass........................ 68Deerfield River near West Deerfield, Mass....................... 69North River at Shattuckville, Mass.............................. 70Mill River at Northampton, Mass................................. 71Ware River at Cold Brook, Mass.................................. 72Ware River at Gibbs Crossing, Mass.............................. 73Chicopee River at Indian Orchard, Mass.......................... 75Swift River at West Ware, Mass.................................. 76East Branch Swift River near Hardwlck, Mass.................... 78Quaboag River at West Warren, Mass.............................. 79

III

IV CONTENTS

Stream-flow records Continued.Connecticut River Basin Continued. Page

Quaboag River at West Brlmfleld, Mass........................... 80Mill River at Springfield, Mass................................. 82Westfleld River at Knlghtvllle, Mass............................ 83Westfleld River near Westfleld, Mass............................ 35Middle Branch Westfleld River at Qoss Heights, Mass............. 87West Branch Westfleld River at Huntington, Mass................. 89Westfleld Little River at outlet of Cobble Mountain Reservoir

near Westfleld, Mass.......................................... 90Westfleld Little River near Westfleld, Mass..................... 91Borden Brook near Westfleld, Mass............................... 93Farmlngton River near New Boston, Mass.......................... 94

Housatonlc River Basin............................................ 96Housatonlc River at Coltsvllle, Mass............................ 96Housatonlc River near Great Barrlngton, Mass.................... 97Housatonlc River at Falls Village, Conn......................... 99

Hudson River Basin................................................ 101Hooslc River at Adams, Mass..................................... 101Hooslc River near Wllllamstown, Mass............................ 102North Branch Hooslc River at North Adams, Mass.................. 103

Duration tables................................................... 104Index of precipitation records...................................... 109Precipitation records............................................... 112Acushnet.......................................................... 112Adams............................................................. 113Agawam............................................................ 115Amherst........................................................... 113Ashburnham........................................................ 115Ashby............................................................. 115Ashland........................................................... 115Athol (Fryville).................................................. 116Athol (Water Works)............................................... 116Attleboro......................................................... 117Barnstable (Water Co.).......................... ... ............. 117Barnstable (Hyannis).............................................. 118Barre (Ware River Intake)........................................ 118Barre............................................................. 119Bedford........................................................... 119Belchertown....................................................... 119Belchertown (Springfield Water Works)............................. 120Berlin............................................................ 120Beverly........................................................... 120Blllerlca (North)................................................. 121Blandford......................................................... 121Boston............................................................ 122Boston (b)........................................................ 123Boston Arnold Aboretum).......................................... 124Boston Brookllne Pumping Station)................................ 124Boston Chestnut Hill)............................................. 124Boston West Roxbury)............................................. 125Boylston.......................................................... 126Bralntree......................................................... 126Brldgewater (State Farm) (a)...................................... 127Brldgewater (State Farm) ( b)...................................... 127Brlmfleld (West).................................................. 127Brockton (City Hall).............................................. 127Brockton (Sewage Disposal Works).................................. 128Cambridge Cambridge Cambridge Cambridge

City Hall)............................................. 129Fresh Pond)............................................ 129Harvard College Observatory)........................... 130Harvard University).................................... 131

Charlton.......................................................... 131Chatham........................................................... 131Chester........................................................... 132Chesterfield...................................................... 132Chlcopee Chlcopee Chlcopee Chlcopee

Dwlght Mfg. Co.)........................................ 132Blrcham Bend)........................................... 133Westover Field)......................................... 133Water Works)............................................ 134

Clinton (Blgelow Carpet Co.)............................ ......... 134Clinton........................................................... 134Cohasset.......................................................... 135Cohasset (Water Works)............................................ 135Colraln........................................................... 135Concord........................................................... 136

CONTENTS

Precipitation records Continued. PageCummlngton (West)................................................. 136Cummlngton........................................................ 137Dalton............................................................ 137Dana.............................................................. 138Dana (North). ..................................................... 138Dana (Southworth 1 s Mills)......................................... 138Danvers............................................................ 138Deerfleld......................................................... 139Deerfleld (South)................................................. 139Dlghton........................................................... 139Dudley (Nichols Academy).......................................... 139Dudley (Stevens Linen Works)...................................... 139Edgartovm......................................................... 140Egremont (South).................................................. 140Enfleld........................................................... 141Pall River (*>).................................................... 141Pall River (Water Works).......................................... 142Palmouth (Hatchvllle)............................................. 143Palmouth (Woods Hole)............................................. 143Pltchburg i Dr. Jabez Plsher)...................................... 143Pltchburg l'Dr. A. P. Mason)....................................... 144Pltchburg I Sentinel Office)....................................... 145Pltchburg I Sewage Works).......................................... 145Florida.......... r ................................................ 145Pramlngham........................................................ 146Pranklln.......................................................... 146Pranklln (Water Works)............................................ '147Gardner........................................................... 147Gloucester East)................................................. 147Gloucester Eastern Point)........................................ 148Gloucester Water Works).......................................... 148Granvllle Borden Brook;.......................................... 148Granvllle Westfleld Water Works)................................. 149Granvllle Westfleld Water Works) (a)............................. 149Granvllle West).................................................. 149Greenfleld....................................*................... 150Greenwich......................................................... 150Groton............................................................ 150Hardwlck.......................................................... 151Hardwlck (d)...................................................... 152Hardwlck (Gilbertville)........................................... 152Haverhlll (Kenoza Lake)........................................... 152Haverhlll (City Hall)............................................. 153Heath............................................................. 153Hlnghara Pulling Mill Station).................................... 154Hlngham Henry W. Gushing)........................................ 154Holyoke Ashley Pond)............................................. 155Holyoke High Service Reservoir).................................. 155Holyoke Water Power Co.)......................................... 156Holyoke Whiting St. Reservoir)................................... 156Holden (Holden Reservoirs ........................................ 157Holden (Jefferson Station ........................................ 158Holden (Kendall Reservoir ........................................ 158Hubbardston....................................................... 159Hubbardston (Wllllamsvllle)....................................... 159Huntlngton (Knightville)............................ ............. 159Huntlngton (Knlghtvllle Dam)...................................... 160Ipswich........................................................... 160Lakevllle......................................................... 160Lawrence (Essex Co.).............................................. 161Lawrence (Experiment Station)........... .......................... 162Lawrence (Arlington Mills)........................................ 163Leicester (Kettle Brook)........................................... 163Leicester (Lynde Brook)........................................... 164Leoralnster........................................................ 165Lincoln (Baker's Bridge).......................................... 166Lincoln (Lincoln Water Works)..................................... 166Littleton......................................................... 166Lowell (Merrlmack Manufacturing Co.).............................. 167Lowell (Proprietors of Locks and Canals).......................... 168Ludlow............................................................ 169Lynn City Hall).................................................. 170Lynn City Yard Service Bldg.).................................... 171Lynn Water Works Pumping Station)........................ ....... 171Lynn Sewage Pumping Station)..................................... 172

VI CONTENTS

Precipitation records Continued. PageLynnfleld......................................................... 172Manchester........................................................ 173Mansfield (Water Works Pumping Station)........................... 173Mansfield......................................................... 174Maryborough....................................................... 174Medford........................................................... 174Mendon............................................................ 175Middleborough..................................................... 175Middlefleld....................................................... 175Mlddleton......................................................... 176Milford........................................................... 176Millbury.......................................................... 177Millls............................................................ 177Milton............................................................ 177Monroe............................................................ 178Monson............................................................ 178Montague (Lake Pleasant).......................................... 179Montague (Turners Palls Co.)...................................... 179Montague City.........t........................................... 180Montgomery........................................................ 180Nantucket......................................................... 180Natick (Lake Cochituate).......................................... 181Needham........................................................... 183New Bedford (Sassaquln Sanltorlura)................................ 183New Bedford (City Hall)........................................... 184New Bedford (dark's Point)....................................... 185New Braintree..................................................... 185Newburyport....................................................... 186Newburyport (Water Works)......................................... 186New Salem (South)................................................. 186New Salem (North)................................................. 187Newton............................................................ 187Norfolk........................................................... 187North Adams Broad Brook Reservoir)............................... 188North Adams Notch Brook Reservoir)............................... 188Northampton Hancock St.)......................................... 189Northampton Leeds)............................................... 189Northampton Mt. Nonotuck)........................................ 189Northampton Mt. Tom)............................................. 190North Andover..................................................... 190North Attleboro................................................... 190Northbridge....................................................... 191Northfield........................................................ 192Norwood........................................................... 192Oakham............................................................ 192Otis (Otis Reservoir)............................................. 192Otis (West)....................................................... 193Palmer............................................................ 193Peabody (imnvers Bleachery)....................................... 194Peabody (Water Works Pumping Station)............................. 194Peabody (Water Works Shop)........................................ 194Pelhara (Packardville)............................................. 194Pelhara............................................................ 195Pelham (West)..................................................... 195Pembroke.......................................................... 195Pepperell......................................................... 195Peru.............................................................. 196Petersham (Harvard Forest) (b).................................... 196Petersham (Harvard Forest) ( d).................................... 196Petersham (Nichewaug)............................................. 197Phillipston....................................................... 197Pittsfield (Airport).............................................. 197Pittsfield (City Hall)............................................ 197Plainfield........................................................ 198Plymouth.......................................................... 198Plymouth (Water Works)............................................ 199Prescott.......................................................... 200Princeton......................................................... 200Prlnceton (Wachusett Mt. Summit).................................. 201Provlncetown...................................................... 201Quincy............................................................ 202Reading........................................................... 203Rochester......................................................... 203Rockport.......................................................... 204Rockport (Hydrologic Network)..................................... 204Rowe............................................................... 205Rutland (Muschopauge Pond)........................................ 205

CONTENTS VII

Precipitation records Continued. "PageRutland (North)................................................... 205Rutland (West).................................................... 205Salem (A. A. Smith)............................................... 206Salem (Pumping Station)........................................... 208Savoy. ...... ................................................... 205Scituate.......................................................... 207Sharon............................................................ 207Shelburne.......................................................... 207Shutesbury................ , ........................................ 208Somerset.......................................................... 208Somerville........................................................ 209Southampton. ........................................................ 209Southborough fCordaville)......................................... 210Southborough (Sudbury Dam)........................................ 210Southbrldge........................................... ........... 211Springfield........................................................ 212Sterling................................ ....................... 213Stockbrldge (Water Co.)........................................... 213Stockbrldge (N. H. Bangs)......................................... 214Stoneham.......................................................... 214Stow.............................................................. 215Sturbridge........................................................ 215Swampscott........................................................ 215Taunton........................................................... 216Teraplston (Baldwinsville)......................................... 216Templeton (East).................................................. 21?Thatcher's Island................................................. 217Tisbury (vineyard Haven).......................................... 217Tisbury........................................................... 218Truro (North)..................................... ............... 218Uxbridge.......................................................... 218Wakef ield.................. ....................................... 218Wakefield (Crystal Lake).......................................... 218Walpole Multlbestos Co.)......................................... 219Walpole Bird & Son).............................................. 219Waltham Boston Manufacturing Co.)................................ 220Waltham Hobbs Brook Reservoir)................................... 221Waltham Water Works Pumping Station)............................. 222Ware (Ware Center)................................................ 222tf are (River)......../............................................. 223Ware (West)....................................................... 223Wareham (Onset Water Co.)......................................... 223Wareham (East)................. .\.................................. 224Warren............................................................ 224Warwick........................................................... 224Washington........................................................ 225Watertown......................................................... 225Webster........................................................... 225Wellesley......................................................... 226Wendell........................................................... 226Westborough....................................................... 227West Brookfield................................................... 227Westfield State Sanitorium)...................................... 228Westfield Water Works)........................................... 228Westfield West Parish)........................................... 228Westhampton....................................................... 229Westminster (Meetinghouse Pond)................................... 229Westminster (Wachusett Lake)...................................... 230Weston (Stony Brook Reservoir).................................... 230Weston............................................................ 231Weston (Weston College)............................................ 231Williamsburg...................................................... 231Williamstown...................................................... 232Wilmington........................................................ 233Wlnchendon........................................................ 233WlnchendonWinchesterWinchesterWorcesterWorcesterWorcesterWorcesterWorcester

Birch Hill Dam)........................................ 234Mystic Upper Lake Dam)................................ 234North Reservoir)...................o.............o.... 234Clark University)...................................... 235G. W. Swan)............................................ 235Winter Hill)........................................... 236Insane Hospital)....................................... 236Sewage Disposal Works)................................. 237

Worthlngton....................................................... 237Wrentham.......................................................... 238

ILLUSTRATION

Plate 1. Map showing location of stream-gaging stations and precipitation stations in Massachusetts................. In pocket

VIII

HYDROLOGY OP MASSACHUSETTS

PART 1. SUMMARY OP STREAM-PLOW AND PRECIPITATION RECORDS

INTRODUCTION

The conservation of the water resources of Massachusetts for our-

selves and for future generations is of vital importance to all those

interested in the welfare of this section of our country. Flood control

and the works connected therewith, flood forecasting, hydro-power develop-

ments, the safety of hydraulic structures, domestic and industrial water-

supply development, pollution abatement, and other sanitary measures are

some of the modern problems in the use of water and its control which

demand continuous, comprehensive, and dependable hydrologic data.

An adequate supp.ly of water is essential to all forms of life and to

most human activities and has been important in the development of the

Commonwealth. The limiting effect of this resource on human activities

is becoming more apparent with the increase of population, the rise In

standards of living, and the greater variety of purposes for which water

is used. The public does not care how much or how little there is in

the supply as long as there is ample water for all uses. The public

interest becomes acute in times of drought which limits use of water or

in times of flood which destroys property.

The basis for the use of hydrologic data on precipitation, floods,

stream flow, and ground-water fluctuations is the assumption that climate

and its resulting hydrologic events which have occurred in the past will

occur in about the same manner in the future, and that a record of past

occurrences, if of sufficient duration, is a preview of future oc-

currences.

The oldest continuous precipitation record in Massachusetts is that

at New Bedford which was started in 1814 by Samuel Rodman. Other inter-

ested individuals and companies and various' State departments gradually

.started to collect precipitation records. The United States Weather

Bureau first obtained records in 1888. Later the Weather Bureau as-

sembled and published records collected by various individuals, compa-

nies, and local and State agencies. Methods of-collection were standard-

ized so that the records would be comparable.

The first stream-flow record in Massachusetts and probably the old-

est in the country is that for Merrimack River at Lowell which was start-

ed by J. B. Francis in 1848. This record is not complete because the

discharge is for the 10-hour period each day when mills were in operation.

1

2 HYDROLOGY OP MASSACHUSETTS

Other Individuals, companies, and State organizations started, to collect

data usually at points where there was a specific power or water-supply

development. The Geological Survey established a gaging station on the

Connecticut River at Sunderland in 1904. It was not until 1909, when the

Geological Survey and the Commonwealth entered into a cooperative agree-

ment, that a substantial beginning toward the systematic collection of

stream-flow records was made. The work has been continued and enlarged

gradually so that records have been collected at about 75 stations in

Massachusetts. In September 1945, fifty-six gaging stations were being

maintained in Massachusetts by the Geological Survey and the cooperating

agencies. The records have been published annually and are scattered

through 48 reports, many of which are out of print. Some of the records

have been revised after publication on basis of later data and office

analyses. The revisions, which are contained in later reports, are

often overlooked by the user of the data. The individual summaries

given In the present report include all revised records.

Stream-flow records in the annual water-supply papers prior to 1914

were published on the basis of the calendar year. Beginning with the

report for 1914 the records have been published on the basis of the

water year, which ends September 30. Water-Supply Paper 415 contains

a compilation of all available records through 1915 collected by various

Individuals, organizations, and government agencies. The records are

arranged on basis of the water year. Water-Supply Paper 871 contains

summaries of yearly discharge for both the water years ending September 30

and the calendar years for the period of record prior to September 30,

1939, for most of the stations in Massachusetts. Those figures do not

necessarily agree exactly with yearly figures given in the present re-

port because of differences In computation methods.

Precipitation data have been given in numerous Weather Bureau bulle-

tins and In summaries prepared by the Massachusetts Department of Public

Health, and published in various Issues of the Journal of the New England

Water Works Association. All of these data are computed on a calendar

year basis.

The purpose of this report Is to bring together in one volume summar-

ies of monthly discharge and precipitation for all available records in

Massachusetts. Yearly totals for both the calendar year and the water

year ending September 30 are given for the discharge records. Yearly

totals for the water year only are given for the precipitation records.

EXPLANATION OP DATA 3

A few discharge records are published for the first time. These

previously unpublished records are Indicated by footnotes to the tables

of discharge.

COOPERATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Since 1909 successive Massachusetts Legislatures have appropriated

funds for cooperation with the Geological Survey In making Investigations

of water resources. The compiling of the hydrologic data contained here-

in has been Included as a part of the cooperative program In Massachusetts

upon approval of W. H. Buracker, commissioner, State Department of Public

Works, and In accordance with arrangements with Richard K. 'Hale, director

of Division of Waterways. Many State, municipal, and private organ-

izations and other Federal bureaus have cooperated, either by furnishing

data or by assisting In collecting data. Acknowledgment for cooperation

In collecting the stream-flow records Is given in the annual series of

water-supply papers.

This report was prepared under the direction of H. B. Kinnison,

district engineer, Boston, Massachusetts, by C. E. Knox, assisted by

W. P. Somers.

Monthly precipitation data were assembled by Ralph M. Soule, as-

sistant sanitary engineer, Massachusetts Department of Public Health under

the direction of Arthur D. Weston, chief engineer. Water year totals were

computed by the Geological Survey. Acknowledgment of the source of the

precipitation records is indicated by reference symbols in the table head-

ings and footnotes at the end of the section that contains the precipi-

tation tables. Moat of the records were collected by the United States

Weather Bureau, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Metro-

politan Water Works, and Metropolitan District Water Supply Commission.

EXPLANATION OP DATA

The data presented in this report are assembled for water years end-

ing September 30. The annual discharge is also given by calendar years

for the convenience of those who prefer such an arrangement.

Stream-flow data

The base data collected at gaging stations consist primarily of

records of stage and measurements of discharge. Records of stage are ob-

tained either from water-stage recorders or from direct readings on staff,

chain, or wire-weight gages. Measurements of discharge are made with a

current meter by use of equipment and methods developed by the Geological

Survey through many years of experience.

4 HYDROLOGY OF MASSACHUSETTS

Rating tables for each gaging station, indicating the discharge at

any stage, are prepared from rating curves which show graphically the re-

lation between stage and discharge. Daily discharge, from which the maxi-

mum, minimum, monthly mean, and yearly mean discharges are computed, is

determined by applying daily mean gage height to the rating tables, or

for days having considerable fluctuation in stage, by averaging the dis-

charge for intervals of the day. For streams that are subject to rapid

diurnal fluctuation the mean daily discharge is obtained by the use of a

discharge integrator, an instrument that operates on the principle of a

planimeter but contains as an essential element the rating curve for the

station.

The description of a gaging station gives its location by latitude

and longitude as determined from Geological Survey topographic maps.

Its location is also given with reference to the nearest town and to any

nearby prominent feature on the stream. The types of all gages, their

locations, and datum of each, where known, are indicated. If more than

one site or gage was used, the latest site or gage is described first,

after which the others are discussed in chronological order.

Drainage areas given are those obtained from the latest available

Geological Survey topographic maps. If more than one site was used for

the gage, the drainage area for the latest site is given, first after

which the others are listed in chronological order. In cases of di-

versions from the basin, total drainage area is listed and then net

drainage area with a discussion of location and purpose of the diversion.

A statement gives the periods for which records have been published.

Those records, unless qualified, consist of discharge records and they

have been published for the entire period unless otherwise noted.

Under "Extremes" are given, for the periods indicated, the maxi-

mum discharge and gage height; the minimum discharge if there is

little or no regulation; the minimum daily discharge if there is ex-

tensive regulation; and the minimum gage height if important. Unless

qualified, the maximum discharge corresponds to the crest stage, ob-

tained by use of a water-stage recorder or a nonrecording gage read

at time of the crest Likewise, the minimum discharge corresponds to

the lowest stage, unless otherwise qualified. Special mention is made

cf records furnished by cooperating parties, of unusual conditions or

methods used in. fnaking discharge measurements, and of wastages, storage,

diversion, and other information having an important bearing on the

records.

EXPLANATION OP DATA 5

In general, stream-flow data are presented in three separate tables.

The first table contains the monthly and annual discharges, in second-feet,

by water years ending September 30. The figures given represent actual ->

flow past the station except for a few furnished records which are quali-

fied under "Remarks" and by the word "adjusted" in the table heading.

The second table contains the monthly and annual runoff, in inches, by

water years ending September 30 and was computed from the monthly dis-

charges given in the first table, adjusted where necessary for wastage,

storage, or diversions. Any adjustment made is described under "Remarks"

and the table heading is qualified by the word "adjusted." The drainage

areas for many stations have been revised slightly from time to time as

more accurate maps have become available. As the changes in area were

small revised figures of discharge per square mile and runoff in inches

have- not been previously published. However, the figures in the present

report have been computed using the latest drainage areas. Any change

from previously published figures is noted by a footnote stating that

the runoff has been recomputed on the basis of the new drainage area.

The third table gives annual discharges by water and calendar years.

The first column gives the year. The second column gives the water-

supply paper in which complete records of discharge for that year may be

found. If any of those records have been revised at a later date, that

fact is made known by reference to a second water-supply paper which

contains the revisions. The table gives for each water year the maxi-

mum daily mean discharge, the minimum daily mean discharge, the yearly

mean discharge, discharge in second-feet per square mile, and runoff in

inches. It also gives the mean discharge and runoff in inches for the

calendar years. Where necessary, for some stations, and if correction

figures are available, the table also gives the adjusted mean discharge,

discharge in second-feet per square mile, and runoff in inches. For these

stations the runoff in inches for the calendar year is computed from the

adjusted figure. Suitable notations In each table show whether a figure

is observed or adjusted.

Duration tables

Duration tables computed on the basis of mean daily discharge records

are given for most current and a few discontinued stations. For con-

venience in presenting the tables, the discharge unit used is second-

feet per square mile. Discharge in second-feet for any station may be

obtained by multiplying the discharge In second-feet per square mile by

the drainage area of that station. The headings give the name of the


river, location, drainage area, and period In water years ending Sep-

tember 30 used for each station.

Precipitation data

Precipitation data are presented in tables listing monthly and annual

precipitation by water years ending September 30. The heading gives the

town, latitude and longitude, and elevation of gage and person or organ-

ization that collected the data. Where several records were collected by

one organization, a symbol was used to Identify the organization that is

responsible for the collected record. The symbols used for each organ-

ization appear at the end of the precipitation data.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Stream-flow data given herein consists of monthly and yearly dis-

charge in a form available for ready reference. For records of daily

discharge and other detailed Information, the publications listed in the

following table should be consulted.

Year Water-Supply Paper Year Water-Supply Paper

1899 35 1923 5611900 47 1924 5811901 65, 75 1925 6011902 82 1926 6211903 97 1927 6411904 124 1928 6611905 165 1929 6811906 201 1930 6961907-8 241 1931 7111909 261 1932 7261910 281 1933 7411911 301 1934 7561912 321 1935 7811913 351 1936 8011914 381 1937 8211915 401 1938 8511916 431 1939 8711917 451 1940 8911918 471 1941 9211919-20 501 1942 9511921 521 1943 9711922 541 1944 1001

1945 1031

In addition to the above publications, Water-Supply Paper 415 con-

tains daily, monthly, and yearly records of discharge for all gaging

stations in Massachusetts from the beginning o-f each record through the

1915 water year.

Detailed information on the stage and discharge of many streams

during the 1927, 1936, and 1938 floods are contained In the following

water-supply papers:

636-C The New England flood of November 1927.798 The floods of March 1936, Part I, New England Rivers.867 Hurricane floods of September 1938.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A specific bibliography for each gaging station is given In the

table of yearly discharges. The second column of that table gives the

water-supply paper In which records for a given year may be found and,

If revisions of that record have been made, reference Is made to the

water-supply paper In which the revisions are published.

HYDROLOGY OP MASSACHUSETTS

ITOEX OF STREAM-FLOW RECORDS IN MASSACHDSETTS

No. on

pl.l

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

11 12

13 14

15 16 17

18

19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26

27 28 29

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

61 62 63

64 65 66

67 68 69

Stream and location

MERRIMACK RIVER BASIH Merrimack River below Concord River, at Lowell

Horth Nashua River near Leominster

IPSWICH RIVER BASIH

MYSTIC RIVER BASIN

CHARLES RIVER BASIH Charles River at Charles River Village Charles River at Waltham

NEPOHSET RIVER BASIN

TAUWTON RIVER BASIN

Wartlng piver near NnrtnnPROVIDENCE RIVER BASIN

Hlaclcstnne River at Wonn socket^ R , f.

THAMES RIVER BASIN

CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN

Of-inner t1""t River at Mnnt.agiie f.1 f,y

Sip Pond Brook near Winchendon ______________

Period of recordlOinioioibiftioiou cocococooioioiaia

Priest Brook near Winchendon __________________ Otter River near Gardner _______________________

Moss Brook at Wendell' Depot __________________Deerfield River at Cbarlemont _______________

Deerfield River near West DeerflnidHorth River at Shattiiclcvi 11 B

Ware River at f.nlrthrnnlf

Swift River at West Ware

Quaboag River at. West Warren

Mill River at SpringfieldWestfield River at KnightvllloWestfield River near West.fi el AMiddle Branch Westfield River at Goss HeightsWest Branch Westfield River at HuntingtnnWestfield Little River at outlet of Cobble

Mountain Reservoir near Westf1eld_Westfield Little River near WB stf1lrtBorden Brook near WestflnldFarminKton River near New Boston

HOOSATONIC RIVER BASIH Housatonic River at OnH-.svmp

Housatonic River at Falls Village. "cnnn.HUDSON RIVER BASIH

Hoosic River at Adam?Hoosic River near WilliamstnwnHorth Branch Hoosic River at Horth Adams

.

-JMi^

mm

mmmmm

mmm

mf

mm>

mmm

__^^H

_

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M^M

mmmm

~mmmm

mmmmm

mmmm mmmm

mmmm

mmmm

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IB

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HYDROIX3GY OF MASSACHUSETTS s

STREAM-FLOW RECORDS

MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN

MERRIMACK RIVER BELOW CONCORD RIVER, AT LOWELL, MASS.

Location.- Water-stage recorder, lat. 4238'45, long. 710 17'56, at Lowell, Middlesex County, 1,100 feet downstream from Concord River. Datum of gage is 5.18 feet above mean sea level, datum of 1929.

Drainage area.- Total above gage, 4,635 square miles; net above gage, 4,425 square miles (flow diverted from 210 square miles for use of Boston metropolitan district and city of Worcester). Prior to July 1, 1937, net above gage, 4,424 square miles (flow diverted from 211 square miles for use of Boston metropolitan district and city of Worcester).

Records available.- June 1923 to September 1945.

Extremes.- 1923-45: Maximum discharge, 173,000 second-feet Mar. 20, 1936 (gage height, 68.4 feet, from floodmarks); minimum daily, 199 second-feet (regulated) Sept. 23, 1923.

Remarks.- Flow regulated by power plants, and by Squam, Little Squam, Newfound, Merrymeeting, Went- worth, Wlnnipesaukee, Winnisquam, and other lakes, and Blackwater Reservoir (since November 1941) and Franklin Falls Reservoir (since March 1942). Runoff in Inches adjusted for wastage by Bos- ton metropolitan district and city of Worcester from 210 square miles (prior to July 1, 1937, 211 square miles) In basins of South Branch Nashua and Sudbury Rivers and Lake Cochituate to obtain runoff from net area.

Monthly and annual mean discharge, in second-feet (observed)

Water year192319241925

19261927192819291930

19311932193319341935

19S61937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

_2,3942,841

3,6462,3725,7293,5261,768

1,3342,1156,2344,9914,204

1,9723,5743,5007,8851,808

1,8791,5562,4405,5943,367

NOT._

5,7422,782

6,7477,392

17,6903,5812,253

2,9622,878

11,8404,1195,702

S,2663,6059,5106,5463,552

5,9912,3945,4509,0893,513

Dec.

_11,7703,281

8,7134,385

13,5504,1762,127

2,4114,6985,6774,2246,373

4,21810,70011,88015,0805,175

5,0422,5696,9204,4056,449

Jan._

9,4831,621

5,2344,5478,5866,1204,316

1,8339,0326,5725,562

10,830

6,44011,9009,3767,4132,346

6,0653,4205,3382,6976,831

Feb._

4,9809,191

4,-2714,9058,6905,8734,863

2,1056,5476,4273,8197,268

4,59210,64010,9306,0872,421

7,9572,8115,8393,1365,848

Mar.

_8,719

16,890

8,14415,7108,731

17,29011,620

7,7956,966

12,07010,86015,820

45,7808,526

11,06010,7204,132

5,82414,31012,4207,439

20,570

Apr.

_24,24014,650

19,2109,183

15,96019,90010,540

17,71022,26035,02028,64015,140

20,72017,14013,12026,44028,460

10,18015,03015,80018,84014,850

May_

15,2706,788

10,6107,066

14,82017,0006,008

9,3656,762

11,11010,3808,607

7,75020,0907,626

12,19018,890

4,09S6,47E

18,1509,990

18,880

June

3,56S4,0185,426

5,9545,680

10,1404,5555,211

10,7602,3983,9534,1559,940

3,0828,5035,1984,203

10,490

2,4276,8716,1909,858

11,460

July

2,0022,0865,991

2,3872,9556,7432,5662,332

3,4322,3911,7981,9004,974

2,0433,8358,8112,2513,935

2,4823,3402,8264,5006,379

Aug.

1,8231,6382,544

1,7963,3946,2201,7232,290

2,S112,1152,2811,6822,205

1,5SO2,5517,5472,3322,242

1,4252,6124,7961,9433,572

Sept.

1,4463,8432,229

1,5415,0155,7321,5831,566

2,0993,3025,9843,6932,744

1,8462,343

1.9,6501,7262,953

1,2492,0172,606S,9232,751

The year

-7,8475,826

6,3555,886

10,2007,3364,569

5,3365,9338,8806,9927,646

8,6458,6099,8208,5807,012

4,5195,2907,2446,5958,756

Monthly and annual runoff, In inches (adjusted)Water year192319241925

19261927192819291930

19311932193319341935

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

_0.62.74

.94

.611.46.90.46

.35

.551.591.281.07

.51;92.90

1.98.47

.48

.40

.63

.93

.87

NOT.

_1.42.70

1.681.844.37.89.56

.74

.722.911.031.42

.81

.892.361.62.88

1.49.60

1.362.28.88

Dec.

_3.01.84

2.231.123.481.07.54

.621.221.451.081.64

1.082.716.033.77.82

1.29.66

1.761.141.65

Jan.

_2.42.42

1.341.152.211.561.10

.472.341.671.412.76

1.643.032.36 I1.88 1.'60

1.56.88

1.36.70

1.75

Feb.

_1.202.11

.961.122.081.341.12

.491.591.48.88

1.64

1.092.452.471.38.57

1.83.65

l.4.75

1.36

Mar.

_2.234.35

2.064.052.254.433.00

1.991.782.992.763.48

11.532.142.812 .621.03

1.483.65,' . 1 71.915.29

Apr.

_6.003.66

4.802.305.994.862.63

4.445.578.547.023.7U

5.084.223.276.457.08

2.543.76.454.705.72

May

_3.911.75

2.741.826.804.311.56

2.421.742.872.642.19

1.995.151.953.164.88

1.U61.674.682.584.87

June

0.891.00.86

.99

.922.471.141.30

2.68.60.98

1.032.48

.772.111.261.052.62

.611.751.542.482.86

July

0.52.54

1.03

.62

.761.72.67.61

.88

.62

.47

.491.29

.5o

.992.10.58

1.01

.64

.86

.731.161.64

Aug.

0.47.42.66".46

.861.60.45.59

.60

.55

.59

.44

.57

.41

.661.91.59.F8

.67

.671.24.50.92

Sept.

0.36.98.56

.391.241.43.40.59

.55

.80

.97

.92

.68

.46

.584.76.43.74

.51

.50

.65

.98

.69

The year

_23.7317.68

19.2117.7930.8622.0213.86

16.2118.0826.5120.9922.92

25.9025.8529.1825.5121.28

IB. 6616.0321.9120 . 1126.47

852061 O - 49 - 2


Annual discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River below Concord River, at Lowell, Mass.

Year

192319241925

19261927192819291930

19311932193319341935

19361937193819?91940

19411942194219441945

1924 - 45

W.S.P.

781781781

781781781781781

781781781781781

801821851871891

921951971

10011031

-

Water year ending Sept. 30Observed

Maximum day_

53,50051,200

36,90032,70066,20033,60026,500

32,70046,80069,80058,30039,800

161,00036,500

118,00046,70054,400

16,90025,40026,80047,80038,000

161,000

Minimum day_

227234

318284795407310

364488488505600

541680469574452

297286423405521

227

Mean

_7,8475,826

6,3555,886

10,2007,3364,569

5,3365,9338,8806,9927,646

8,6458,6099,8208,5807,012

4,5195,2907,2446,5958,736

7,175

Adjusted

Mean

_7,7105,757

6,2615,800

10,0307,1754,529

5,2805,8778,6316,8S77,471

8,4288,4299,5158,3186,917

4,4495,2297,1456,5438,628

7,044

Per square mile_1.741.30

1.421.312.27 '1.621.02

1.191.331.951.55 .1.69

1.911.912.151.881.56

1.011.181.611.481.95

1.59

Runoff in

inches_

23.7317.68

19.2117.7930.8622.0213.86

16.2118.0826.5120.9922.92

25.9025.8529.1825.5121.28

13.6616.0321.9120.1126.47

-

Calendar yearObserved

Mean

_6,9236,682

5,9327,7958,0636,9034,614

5,5907,0998,0167,2387,073

9,3579,188

10,2206,8077,376

3,9865,9877,4276,292

-

-

AdjustedRunoff

in inches

_20.9620.25

17.9323.5324.4120.7214.01

16.9921.5423.9521.7321.19

28.0227.6230.2620.3122.37

12.0618.1222.5119.16

-

-

MERBIMACK RIVEE AT LAWRENCE, MASS.

Location.- Lat. 42042'20'1 , long. 7109'10 n , at dam of Essex Co., in Lawrence, Essex County.

Records available.- October 1879 to September 1945.

Extremes.- 1879-1945: Maximum discharge, 174,000 second-feet Mar. 20, 21, 1936 (gage height, 48.0 feet) .

Maximum discharge previously known, 108,000 second-feet Apr. 23, 1852 (gage height, 44.12 feet; .

Remarks . - Discharge determined by computation of flow over dam and through wheels and gates. Flow regulated by power plants, and by Squam, Little Squam, Newfound, Merrymeeting, Wentworth, Winni- pesaukee, Winnisquam, and other lakes, and Blackwater Reservoir (since November 1941) and Franklin Falls Reservoir (since March 1942) . Runoff in inches adjusted for wastage by Boston metropolitan district and city of Worcester from 210 square miles (prior to Jan. 1, 1881, 97 square milesj Jan. 1, 1881, to Mar. 6, 1898, 94 square miles; Mar. 6, 1898, to July 1, 1937, 211 Square miles) in basins of South Branch Nashua and Sudbury Rivers and Lake Cochituate to obtain runoff from net area.

Comparison with records for station at Lowell from June 1923 to September 1945 shows Lawrence records to be in error at times.

Cooperation.- Records furnished by Essex Co., R. A. Hale and J. R. Baldwin, Chief Engineers, changed to the climatic-year form by engineers of the Geological Survey.

STREAM-FLOW RECORDS - MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN 11

Monthly and annual mean discharge, In second-feet (observed), of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass

Water year1880

1S811882188318841885

18861887188818891890

18911392189S18941895

18961897189818991900

19011902190319041905

19061907190819091910

19111912191319141915

laie1917191819191920

19211922192319241925

192619271928192919SO

19311932193319341935

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

2,445

1,7732,4943,0991,9751,832

3,4252,1543,122

12,3685,711

12,3142,1372,1353,6142,254

4,010'5,1862,2076,4291,789

2,5174,1287,1623,7093,636

3,2612,4516,3881,4741,886

1,3414,0953,2683,5521,358

2,9593,5632,7804,4463,146

4,7042,1313,0092,2162,744

3,3192,2836,1454,4101,826

1,3902,1025,5846,1555,469

1,9034,0103,7278,7051,786

1,8351,4592,3063,4263,291

HOT.

4,338

4,2445,3012,3102,8682,391

9,1887,0324,418

13,5288,976

8,8712,4696,4943,3663,549

9,5586,6625,8279,8872,792

5,8493,0505,7482,9982,697

3,3883,167

13,0661,5901,745

2,0534,6875,5334,3521,614

3,9443,3364,0075,0877,464

4,1694,7522,9115,3492,409

4,8216,292

16,9584,4172,237

2,5202,772

11,1315,2046,637

3,8784,3849,4077,4503,834

6,7362,3725,4679,6393,437

Dec.

7,038

2,6498,4072,1612,3554,716

6,9825,9696,138

14,92013,125

6,5734,1133,9315,3303,033

9,4044,359

10,3768,7792,797

6,7839,7568,1193,7201,819

5,6872,5589,8121,8862,265

1,5115,7524,7904,7351,976

5,9025,1782,6086,7526,165

14,7567,5352,302

10,7773,215

7,2073,958

13,636. 5,045

2,214

2,3214,3495,2655,3677,173

5,15510,57512,21115,3593,090

6,0572,6787,8705,3816,307

Jan.

7,475

2,3047,4322,0244,6625,317-

13,2007,8226,417

12,2956,955

13,2988,5242,9493,0222,887

6,5463,4097,3947,8573,360

3,38110,4547,6992,6423,871

7,6646,4008,8243,0254,759

" 2,8143,5948,0073,3814,972

6,9104,6172,1145,9842,738

7,7903,7355,1338,9241,610

4,6624,4009,1866,9793,910

1,8958,0796,1066,710

13,806

7,70411,9469,7418,0472,200

7,0874,0986,2153,3897,130

Feb.

12,449

4,7929,4562,9449,6094,428

17,99113,2178,4806,2717,721

13,4994,3024,9954,2742,319

9,1094,5717,7974,882

16,481

2,4525,6209,3092,9442,272

5,1083,0547,4877,1184,493

2,1643,1964,4654,4247,974

7,7363,4973,7863,9452,962

4,6504,0314,1294,4338,588

3,7364,8039,3646,7694,297

2,1635,8475,9265,6249,221

6,43811,28911,2377,0002,262

8,5463,3296,7103,9455,773

Mar.

10,620

17,106'16,2484,090

15,7423,543

12,0338,424

10,27311,03715,667

23,6167,330

10,72314,3755,857

21,05410,57118,61211,94816,245

9,51027,88427,67512,31810,563

7,6847,799

11,4007,718

16,311

n,58412,60115,20414,7226,678

7,95010,5279,050

15,30118,844

16,72917,6339,0678,055

15,399

7,56614,2549,213

16,56810,097

7,2966,207

11,27011,11213,959

47,8229,499

11,26611,3725,275

6,56414,51012,5258,173

20,379

Apr.

10,878

16,19710,40515,53526,19918,323

22,77422,18924,90511,14217,244

21,5198,150

15,56311,08519,840

18,23417,61215,22826,43818, 500

26,02517,39215,58720,70416,185

16,15913,14111,96715,31510,986

13,59119,45411,30922,356

7,987

19,55614,54314,97311,47927,262

12,19022,28422,46022,93413,959

17,6788,200

15,41718,3939,140

16,43720,00233,95527,66515,228

20,58616,81013,03426,27128,555

10,63214,82313,30418,58614,650

May

5,557

14,24910,7288,540

11,9228,546

6,82113,81420,9216,623

14,285

7,34710,23319,5046,9926,233

4,43810,11710,9969,528

10,034

15,61210,1684,365

17,4265,216

10,1409,124

11,5758,7906,751

6,06410,4616,496

12,9965,039

12,3399,6296,925

12,35115,999

8,99413,22913,23114,1436,071

9,7226,374

14,29315,6965,248

8,5185,9339,651

10,6119,233

8,43419,4558,459

12,44618,810

4,2797,221

17,13510,51318,438

June

3,183

5,1319,0135,0404,0914,222

3,2678,1935,6395,3907,881

4,5425,8194,4046,0333,038

3,51812,7086,4642,9803,957

7,5215,292

10,2954,6674,164

10,1145,3514,1934,2474,876

2,4625,8324,0323,2922,189

13,96513,6433,3944,5127,331

2,67513,7243,2894,1353,093

3,7703,523

10,6044,3664,709

9,9872,2103,6724,316

10,364

3,1769,5196,0454,568

10,944

2,4237,2086,6089,606

11,650

July

2,952

3,4473,1423,1272,2932,850

2,2756,6742,5123,6093,161

2,8954,7572,3892,2782,583

2,04210,7992,6602,4811,818

2,8914,3274,6.482,7972,674

4,9513,3412,3291,9991,786

1,1901,8381,7572,5058,158

6,8694,5782,4782,4293,368

4,6919,6181,9522,0723,207

2,3502,8867,4442,6052,330

3,4122,2391,8192,1435,398

2,1464,3649,8482,1994,242

2,4033,9442,8274,8716,227

Aug.

2,535

2,7942,1511,9332,1185,445

1,9898,5662,6455,1823,406

2,4604,8072,5821,6952,180

2,0195,0723,7992,0861,876

4,4493,7633,3382,5752,702

3,3141,9272,9861,6822,042

1,46V2,2301,3721,9469,303

4,1292,8182,1011,8043,031

3,0723,4791,7761,5782,329

1,8323,2496,9641,7872,319

2,3272,1552,2732,0122,307

1,6092,5828,6632,3092,331

1,3273,0064,6501,9223,269

Sept.

2,241

2,5133,7161,2191,9492,891

1,9864,1977,1353,4988,397

2,5443,9442,7821,8311,673

3,1222,7592,9101,9941,513

2,6573,4522,3712,9137,631

1,8852,9651,6931,6521,771

1,9422,1621,7351,9912,936

4,3372,4653,8282,9923,042

1,9003,4981,3623,3882,034

1,5244,3486,7451,6331,688

2,1043,1114,4644,2252,780

1,8782,372

19,2891,6513,177

1,1952,0292,5163,7792,545

The year5,976

6,4337,3744,3357,1495,376

8,4949,0218,5508,8229,377

9,9565,5496,5385,3244,621

7,7547,8197,8567,9416,764

7,4718,7748,8606,6185,286

6,6135,1067,6434,7084,973

3,5156,3255,6646,6885,0l5

8,0256,5364,8376,4488,445

7,1938,8045,8857,3325,360

5,6845,383

10,4827,3964,164

5,0255,3978,3937,5818,454

9,2638,888

10,2178,9547,187

4,8905,5637,3536,9148,620


Monthly and annual runoff, In inches (adjusted), of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass.

Water year1880

18811882188S18841885

18861887188818891890

18911892189318941895

18961897189818991900

19011902190319041905

19061907190819091910

19111912191319141915

19161917191819191920

19211922192319241925

19261927192819291930

19311932193319341935

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

0.61

.45

.63

.78

.50

.46

.86

.54

.793.061.41

3.04.54.54.91.57

.991.30.55

1.58.46

.651.051.84.95.94

.84

.631.65.38.49

.'641.06.84.91.35

.76

.92

.711.14.80

1.21.55.76.56.70

.85

.591.561.12.47

.36

.541.411.571.40

.491.02.95

2.18.46

.47

.37

.59

.88

.85

Nov.

1.06

1.031.29.56.70.58

2.211.721.083.212.14

2. IS.60

1.58.82.86

2.281.621.422 .33.70

1.45.73

1.48.74.67

.85

.793.25.39.42

.511.171.S81.08.40

.97

.83

.981.251.83

1.031.17.68

1.30.60

1.181.554.161.09.56

.63

.692.711.291.64

.961.082.S21.83.95

1.66.59

1.S52.40..85

Dec.

1.78

.672.11.54.59

1.18

1.721.491.533.663.24

1.641.04.99

1.34.76

2.331.102.612.16.72

1.712.36a. 02.95.47

1.46.65

2.50.48.58

.391.481.231.20.50

1.501.33.65

1.721.53

3.751.90.57

2.73.82

1.811.003.471.28.56

.601.121.331.371.83

1.512.663.095.82.79

1.53.88

1.981.381.60

Jan.

1.87

.581.84.51

1.181.30

3.291.891.60S.011.72

3.252.11.74.76.72

1.64.88

1.861.90.86

.872.611.94.87.98

1.961.632.24.78

1.20

.72

.922.04.84

1.24

1.751.18.54

1.51.66

1.94.96

1.232.26.41

1.181.102.341.76.99

.492.071.5S1.693.50

1.95S.022.442.03.55

1.811.051.57.87

1.81

Feb.

2.89

1.062.09.66

2.21.97

3.952.941.951.401.72

2.971.001.12.97.53

2.091.041.701.073.66

.571.242.06.69.52

1.18.69

1.771.621.01

.50

.761.031.001.81

1.80.80.85.91.67

1.08.92.89

1.051.96

.831.092.231.54.99

.501.401.341.302.07

1.522.572.511.59.52

1.95.76

1.53.94

1.30

Mar.

2.64

4.18 '4.01.99

3.84.85

2.972.042.492.743.83

5.801.802 833.581.45

5.192.644.652.853.95

2.386.928.94S.122.70

1.921.982.871.954.15

1.443.193.883.741.71

1.992.662.283.904.69

4.244.482.252.033.93

1.893.632.354.202.58

1.841.572.752.803.48

12.002.392.852.771.31

1.663.683.172.095.19

Apr.

2.62

3.902.523.776.294.43

5.495.3S5.992.684.15

5.181.983.742.684.78

4.424.273.696.424.55

6.204.233.765.014. OB

3.993.262.963.792.72

3.394.812.785.511.99

4.813.623.722.836.68

3.005.465.525.623.46

4.382.033.834.452.26

4.084.968.206.733.69

5.004.113.216.357.04

2.633.683.304.603.64

May

1.40

3.562.682.132.972.11

1.703.465.221.653.56

1.842.554.831.751.57

1.122.542.762.442.51

3.852.591.134.431.35

2.612.342.952.251.74

1.572.641.663.311.29

3.152.441.783.164.08

2.253.323.343.581.56

2.491.633.633.941.35

2.181.522.472.682.34

2.164.952.143.194.82

1.101.864.682.704.72

June

0.78

1.222.191.23.99

1.02

.791.991.371.291.91

1.101.421.071.46.74

.863.081.57.74.98

1.841.322.481.131.04

2.521.331.041.061.19

.611.451.00.82.54

3.453.38.84

1.131.78

.663.35.81

1.02.77

.94

.872.571.081.17

2.46.55.91

1.072.56

.792.341.461.132.71

.601.801.642.402.88

July

0.74

.86

.79

.79

.58

.72

.571.68.63.90.80

.731.20.60.57.65

.512.71.67.64.47

.741.121.19.72.69

1.27.86.60.52.46

.31

.47

.45

.642.09

1.761.18.84.62.86

1.192.43.50.53.82

.61

.741.88.67 .60

.87

.57

.47

.551.38

.551.122.S5.56

1.08

.621.01.73

1.241.59

Aug.

0.64

.70

.54

.49

.581.37

.502.14.66

1.24.86

.621.21.65.43.55

.511.27.89.54.48

1.14.97.84.66.70

.85

.50

.77

.43

.53

.38

.57

.35

.502 .38

1.06.72.54.46.78

.79

.89

.45

.40

.60

.47

.811.79.46.80

.60

.56

.59

.52

.59

.41

.662.19.58.60

.34

.771.20.49.84

Sept.

0.55

.61

.90

.30

.47

.70

.481.021.72.83

2.04

.62

.96

.88

.45

.41

.76

.67

.71

.50

.38

.65

.86

.59

.731.90

.47

.74

.42

.41

.44

.48

.54

.48

.50

.73

1.08.61.94.73.78

.47

.85

.34

.84

.51

.381.061.67.41.42

.52

.751.081.04.68

.46

.584.64.41.79

.30

.50

.63

.94

.63

The year17.58

18.8221.5912.7520.8515.69

24.5326.2425.0325.6727.38

28.9216.4119.1715.7213.59

22.7023.1023.0823.1719.72

22.0526.0026.2219.8015.99

19.9215.4023.0214.0614.94

10.6419.0617.0720.0515.03

24.0819.6714.4719.3625.12

21.5626.2817.3421.9216.14

17.0116.1031.4822.0012.55

15.1316.3024.7922.6125.16

27.6026.5030.1526.4421.62

14.6716.7522.0720.9325.90

Hote.- Runoff recomputed on basis of revised drainage area. Records since October 1934 not previously published.


Annual discharge, in second-feet, of Merrimack River at Lawrence, Mass.

Year

1880

18811882188318841685

18861887188818891890

18911892189318941895

18961897189818991900

19011902190S

' 19041905

19061907190819091910

19111912191319141915

19161917191819191920

19211922192319241925

19281927192819291930

193119321933193419S5

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

1880-1945

W.S.P.

415

415415415410415

415415415415415

415415415415415

415415415415415

415415415415415

415415415415415

415415415415415

431451471501501

521541561581601

621641661681696

711726741756-

____-

__---

-


Maximum day

27,690

29,42035,03030,50046,80024,700

46,10040,70038,80035,00025,200

41,20024,80044,80027, 90065,300

82,15041,49936,80038,20052,989

62,51161,18545,46946,33645,940

36,91027,27132,33034,92928,420

20,91830,72037,04037,14439,200

32,88331,49026,92838,24551,611

40,42142,91355; 10747,66949,737

33,67530,19266,62532,49225,085

31,00743,17566,46554,60740,425

169,71236,587108,19046,01054,087

16,25025,97524,73745,92538,500

169,712

Minimum day

55

523583038140

13253

140380590

58028022510471

1831,044

1766936

246512304260128

76115708890

511169912469

554269SI1S1329

20920259

10S163

162308875214256

120421302255532

216552509117261

171105494465668

30

Mean

5,976

6,4337,3744.3357,1495,376

8,4949,0218,5508^8229,377

9,9565,5496,5385,3244,621

7,7547,8197,8567,9416,764

7,4718,7748,8606,6185,286

6,6135,1067,6434,7084,973

3,5156,3255,6646,6885,015

8,0256,5364,8376,4488,445

7,1938,6045,8857,3325,360

5,6845,383

10,4827,3964,164

5,0255,3978,3937,5818,454

9,2638,68810,2178,9547,187

4,8905,5637,3536,9148,620

6,954

Adjusted

Mean

5,927

6,3537,2964,3037,0485,304

8,3638,8968,4438,6469,230

9,7735,5016,4635,2984,585

7,6477,7947,8547,8126,556

7,2368,5068,6106,4805,253

6,5545,0527,5454,6504,906

3,4996,2525,5996,5864,948

7,8986,4624,7626,3548,236

7,0438,6245,7067,1955,293

5,5905,297

10,3157,235.4,124

x4,9695,34i8,1447,4268,279

9,0468,7089,9128,6927,092

4,8205,5027,2546,8618,512

6/834

Pr square mile1.30

1.391.59.940

1.541.16

1.831.941.841.892.02

2.131.201.411.161.00

1.671.701.701.711.47

1.621.911.931.451.18

1.471.131.691.041.10

.7841.401.261.481.11

1.771.451.071.421.85

1.581.931.281.811.19

1.251.192.311.62.924

1.111.201.831.661.86

2.031.952.221.951.59

1.081.231.631.541.91

1.53

Runoff in

inches17.58

18.8221.5912.7520.8515.69

24.5326.2425.0325.6727.38

28.9216.4119.1715.7213.59

22.7023.1023.0823.1719.72

22.0526.0026.2219.8015.99

19.9215.4023.0214.0614.94

10.6419.0617.0720.0515.03

24.0819.8714.4719.3625.12

21.5628.2817.3421.9216.14

17.0116.1031.4822.0012.55

15.1316.3024.7922.6125.16

27.6026.5030.1526.4421.62

14.6716.7522.0720.9225.90

-

Calendar yearObserved

Mean

5,648

7,0816,6554,3047,2946,263

8,1248,898

10,8127,7389,373

8,3705,8696,5175,0355,798

7,1918,0028,4138,4647,411

7,6199,1157,9766,4265,634

6,2666,8645,6174,7874,890

4,3186,2475,5856,0475,670

7,9896,3095,4116,4649,017

6,4268,2886,7286,5025,970

5,4487,S988,5926,7564,164

5,2806,4807,9887,8087,788

9,8979,432

10,7587,0487,702

4,2476,3187,5786,485

-

-

AdjustedRunoff

in inches16.28

20.7019.4412.6621.2818.26

23.4925.8931.5622.5327.40

24.2917.3419.1314.8417.00

21.1223.6624.5718.9821.65

22.3827.1523.5719.2417.06

18.8420.7316.8714.3114.88

13.1118.8016,8118.1117.01

23.9318.9316.2419.4126.95

19.1924.6719.9219.4517.86

16.3122.1525.7820.1012.55

15.8919.4023.5723.2523.05

29.6028.1031.6220.8123.08

12.6519.0322.8119.57

-

-

Note.- Runoff recomputed on basis of revised drainage area. not previously published.

Records since October 1934


NORTH NASHUA RIVER NEAR LEOMINSTER, MASS.

Location.- Water-stage recorder, 1st. 42030'06n, long. 71043'23 1', 1 1/3 miles upstream from Weke- peke Brook, 2miles southeast of Leominster, Worcester County, and 6.1 miles upstream from confluence with South Branch Nashua River. Datum of gage is 270.04 feet above mean sea level, datum of 1929.

Drainage area.- 107 square miles.

Records available.- September 1935 to September 1945.

Extremes.- 19S5-45: Maximum discharge, 16,300 second-feet Mar. 18, 1936 (gage height, 20.53 feet, from floodmarks), by computation of flow over dam; minimum, 14 second-feet (regulated) Sept. 27, 2S, 1936 (gage height, 1.02 feet); minimum daily, 22 second-feet (regulated) Sept. 27, 1936.

Remarks.- Flow regulated by mills above station. Figures of discharge and runoff include flow diverted from about 2.2 square miles in Squannacook River Basin to Horth Nashua River Basin for municipal supply of Fitchburg.

Monthly and annual mean discharge, in second-feetWater year19S61937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

46.786.474.9

19245.2

47.339.461.682.071. 3

Nov.

88.575.3

84820763.0

10554.9

13719097.6

Dec.

94.635629834666.9

13874.5

214105164

Jan.

23141535623474.3

14611016673.6

177

Feb.

14526629424188.8

225109268106202

Mar.

1,2832502SO368190

172509410265533

Apr.

444384231559775

188206278366260

May

137304185180551

120114404137372

June

81.5198200109234

72.7185131393238

July

42.988.4

39251.184.1

49.512457.3

104132

Aug.

49.558.2

28643.847.9

38.166.157.856.097.0

Sept.

47.269.859539.449.6

42.655.838.2

11264.7

The year226213290214172

1111S718515201

Monthly and annual runoff, in inches

Water year19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

0.50 93!si

2.06.49

.51

.42

.66

.88

.77

Nov.

0.92.79

3.632.15.66

1.10.57

1.431.981.02

Dec.

1.023.843.223.72.72

1.49.80

2.301.181.76

Jan.

2.494.473.842.53.80

1.571.191.79.79

1.91

Feb.

1.472.592.862.34.89

2.191.062.611.071.97

Mar.

13.832.702.483.972.05

1.865.494.412.835.75

Apr.

4.634.002.415.828.08

1.962.112.903.812.71

May

1.483.271.991.943.79

1.291.234.361.484.01

June

0.852.062.091.142.44

.761.931.364.102.48

July

0.46.95

4.22.55.91

.531.23.62

1.121.43

Aug.

0.53.63

S.08.47.52

.41

.71

.62

.601.05

Sept.

0.49.73

6.20.41.52

.44

.58

.401.17.67

The year28.6726.9636.8327.1021.87

14.1117.4223.4620.9625.53

Annual discharge, in second-feet

Year

1 QXQ

1945 ......

1936-45 .....

W.S.P.

801

801 821 851 871 891

921 951 971

1001 1031

-

Water year ending Sept. 30

Maximum day

7,530 1,480 6,040

975 1,990

875 1,700

931 4,650

931

7,530

Minimum day

22 31 32 24 27

27 27 26 30 44

22

Mean

226 213 290214 172

111 137 185 165 201

191

Per square mile

2.11 1.99 2.71 2.00 1.61

1.04 1.28 1.75 1.54 1.88

1.79

Runoff in

inches

28.67 26.96 36.82 27.10 21.87

14.11 17.42 23.46 20.96 25.53

-

Calendar year

Mean

250 229 293 166 182

101 158 182 161

-

Runoff in

inches

31.79 29.06 37.10 21.04 23.10

12.80 20.02 23.06 20.52

-

STREAM-PLOW RECORDS - MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN 15

NASHUA RIVER AT EAST PEPPERELL, MASS.

Location.- Water-stage recorder, lat. 4240 I 03n , long. 7134'32n , 200 feet doirastream from power plant of Nashua River Paper Co. at East Pepperell, Middlesex County,. Datum of gage is 169.04 feet above mean sea level, datum of 1929.

Drainage area.- Total above gage, 433 square miles; net above gage, 316 square miles (flow diverted from 117 square miles for use of Boston metropolitan district and city of Worcester). Prior to July 1, 19S7, flow diverted from 118 square miles.

Records available.- October 1935 to September 1945.

Extremes.- 19S5-45: Maximum discharge, 20,900 second-feet Mar. 20, 1936 (gage height 19.1 feet, from floodmarks), from rating curve extended above 12,000 second-feet on basis of velocity-area studies; minimum dally, 1.1 second-feet (regulated) Aug. 13, 1929.

Remarks.- Flow regulated by power plant above station. Runoff In inches adjusted for water wasted in diverting drainage from basin of South Branch Nashua River for use'of Boston metropolitan district and city of Worcester.

Monthly and annual mean discharge, in second-feet (observed)Water year193619S7193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

14026821771996.5

11791.1

155230196

Nov.

265185729529190

290137632527241

Dec.

2651,0031,0491,322

180

385206590299485

Jan.

7681,093

830618208

382317515197485

Feb.

389717

1,006596252

625336685300488

Mar.

3,930755746

1,360528

4561,5601,185

7031,533

Apr.

1,6741,197

7232,1812,329

553627836

1,067707

May

4661,095

5b6524972

299390

1,131425994

June

253670540260696

154449405982632

July

151245

1,366102250

97.9326180284348

Aug.

130176966114154

91.1164149150274

Sept.

164187

J.,671103125

84.2144108302190

The year719633863703496

290397522454549

Monthly and annual runoff, in inches (adjusted)

Water 'year1936193719S819S91940

19411942194819441945

Oct.

0.49.96.77

2.02.as.41.31.55.82.70

Nov.

0.92.64

2.581.7S.65

1.01.46

1.151.85.64

Dec.

0.953.66S.80S.46.64

1.S9.73

2.141.081.76

Jan.

2.803. 992\ao1.94.74

1.381.141.86.70

1.76

Feb.

1.322.352.78.1.94.84

2.051.092.241.011.60

Mar.

12.222.892.494.071.91

1.655.674.302.555.58

Apr.

4.953.592.346.158.20

1.872.202.933.752.48

May

1.633.441.781.893.53

1.081.414.101.533.61

June

0.882.321.72.90

2.42

.531.571.413.452.21

July

0.54.86

4.07.35.89

.341.17.64

1.021.25

Aug.

0.46.62

3.36.40.54

.31

.58

.52

.52

.98

Sept.

0.56.64

4.24.34.42

.28

.49

.361.05.65

The year27.7225.7632.8125.1921.11

12.3016.8222.2019.3423.42

Annual discharge, in second-feet

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

1936 - 45

W.S.P.

801821851871891

921951971

10011031

-


Maximum day

19,4002,8209,7902,9703,670

1,8403,6802,2206,8402,500

19,400

Minimum day

9.58.48.81.15.6

7.16.2

107.2

11

1.1

Mean

719633863703496

290397522454549

563

Adjusted

Mean

641598763587490

286392517449545

527

Per square mile2.031.902.411.861.55

.9051.241.641.421.72

1.67

Runoff in

Inches27.7225.7632.8125.1921.11

12.3016.8222.2019.3423.42

-

Calendar year

Observed

Mean

786677913525523

260451520443

-

AdjustedRunoff

in inches30.6227.6332.8919.6022.30

10.9919.1622,1218.86

-


SOUTH BRANCH NASHUA RIVER AT CLINTON, MASS.

Location.- Venturi meter, 1st. 4224 I 15", long. 710 41'25n , at Wachusett Dam, 1 mile south of Clin- ton, Worcester County.

Drainage area.- 107.69 square miles since July 19S7. 108. S4 square miles from January 1914 to June 1937; 118.19 square miles from January 1908 to December 1913; 119.00 square miles from October 1896 to December 1907.

Records available.- July 1896 to September 1945.

n.- Records furnished by water division of Metropolitan District Commission.

Monthly and annual mean discharge, in second-feet (adjusted)

Water year18961897189818991900

19011902190319041905

19061907190819091910

19111912191319141915

19161917191819191920

19211922192319241925

19261927192819291920

19S1193219S3195419S5

19361937193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

_14644.927845.1

52.011915612764.0

67.597.625428.916.4

12.513126.5

12422.9

65.123.693.457.583.4

69.026.773.072.310.8

73.665.2

18667.040.3

61.846.0

256138132

33.397,889.8

17954.6

32.1-51.974.188.154.9

Nov.

_16823640079.1

16195.1

12411763.1

81.413846822.966.4

64.818980.712135.5

82.854.052.798.0

309

21913389.0

16446.4

13414744175.861.5

79.153.2

389101171

10769.1

38617278.5

13850.9

162189119

Del .

_17241938066.0

28959522117680.9

18714636170.898.2

71.519E14E17E6Z.7

2271.46E.5

1762ie4S


Monthly and annual runoff, in Inches (adjusted), of South Branch Nashua River at Clinton, Mass.

Water year18961897189818991900

19011902190319041905

19061907190819091910

19111912191319141915

19161917191819191920

19211922192S19241925

192619271928192919SO

19S119S219SS19S419S5

19S619S7193819391940

19411942194319441945

Oct.

_1.42.43

2.69.44

.501.151.701.23.62

.65

.952.47.28.16

.121.28.26

1.21.24

.69

.25

.99

.61

.88

.73

.28

.77

.77

.11

.78

.691.97.71.43

.65

.492.711.461.40

.351.04.96

1.92.58

.34-.56.79.94.59

Sov.

_1.572.213.75.74

1.51.89

1.101.10.59

.761.294.38.22.63

.611.79.76

1.14.36

.86

.55

.541.003.17

2.251.37.91

1.68.48

1.381.514.52.78.63

.81

.553.991.031.76

1.09.71

3.991.78.81

1.43.53

1.681.951.24

Dec.

_1.674.063.68.64

2.805.773.301.70.78

1.821.423.50.69.96

.701.901.411.70.66

2.42.82.69

1.882.31

4.622.27.99

S.06.70

2.901.164.551.20.74

.661.211.921.392.18

.854.073.174.401.09

1.79.85

2.53.99

1.83

Jan.

_1.422.793.731.42

.932.992.261.182.26

2.022.603.101.063.29

1.381.392.521.773.68

2.351.22.86

2.391.15

2.521.063.153.35.56

1.702.182.662.141.16

.883.022.322.704.01

3.304.243.542.321.29

1.411.451.76.69

1.98

Feb.

_1.502.641.766.53

.572.263.441.55.73

1.651.112.904.122.97

1.011.551.401.903.16

3.031.483.261.281.21

1.721.621.621.332.52

1.341.783.012.311.40

1.101.912.451.322.33

1.412.513.422.481.27

1.921.142.581.191.85

Mar.

_4.925.514.956.64

4.857.126.115.365.36

3.323.033.913.804.71

2.395.054.045.601.02

3.374.414.615.62P. 36

4.485.965.483.034.00

3.374.172.294.912.15

4.543.224.685.054.93

12.682.783.074.932.80

2.036.324.773.035,73

Apr.

_2.823.505.832.73

8.603.733.865.152.79

3.642.482.194.181.78

2.403.943.604.481.60

5.702.532.782.956.03

3.334.115.247.262.48

4.161.673.684.951.65

4.004.238.346.113.97

4.474.032.686.289.16

2.352.183.043.632.80

May

_2.082.481.542.47

4.871.841.022.67.79

2.731.722.522.161.09

.823.211.855.03.81

3.032.351.203.933.69

3.703.512.343.521.26

1.471.622.953.851.04

2.261.261.943.022.00

2.253.122.041.873.46

1.241.644.041.58:->.89

June

_2.041.43.97

1.00

1.70.71

3.681.32.94

2.041.33.70

1.091.42

.61

.57

.48

.55

.39

3.552.12.90.80

3.32

.833.841.06.77.68

.70

.743.581.02.77

3.09.58.74

1.642.31

.911.712.?41.131.84

.701.781.322.052.41

July

0.602.57.59.63.39

.65

.521.11.89.65

1.30.60.39.42.11

.10

.24

.03

.591.93

1.94.47.50.71

1.44

1.822.67.53.23.42

.461.001.63.26.81

.69

.38

.40

.58

.89

.54

.594.36.54

1.00

.551.33.77.10.87

Aug.

0.541.602.36.42.35

.91

.53

.85

.63

.57

1.05.16.79.35.33

.34

.22

.11

.472.96

.51

.55

.28

.47

.58

.441.42.26.45.35

.452.881.18.13.40

1.08.50.56.25.37

.64

.711.54.58.36

.54

.73-.27.12

1.05

Sept.

0.79.66

1.17.43.22

.55

.42

.65

.852.12

.481.40.15.36.25

.31

.15

.38-.02.27

.51

.141.041.89.93

.20

.89

.16

.55

.60

.352.091.12.27.41

.52

.883.021.61.68

.58

.685.87.40.48

-.02.56.18.54.22

The year_

24.2729.1730.3823.57

28.6427.9329.0823.6316.20

21.4618.0927.0018.7317.70

10.7921.2916.8422.4217.08

27.9616.8917.6523.5333.07

26.6429.0022.5126.0014.16

19.0621.4933.1422.5311.59

20.2818.2332.0726.1626.83

29.0726.1936.9828.6324.14

14.2817.9523.1916.8124.46

Note.- Negative figures indicate that evaporation and seepage from reservoir exceeded inflow.


Annual discharge, In second-feet (adjusted), of South Branch Nashua River at Clinton, Mass.

Year

1912 .......

19441945 .......

1897 - 45 ......

W.S.P.

415 415415 415 415

415 415 415 415 415

415 415 415 415 415

415 415 415 415 415

431 451 471 501 501

521 541 561 581 601

621 641

661, 1051 681 698

711 726 741 756 781

801 821 851 871 891

921 951 971

1001 1031

-

Water year ending Sept. 30

Mean

213 256 266 207

251 245 255 206 159

188 158 235 163 154

93.9 185 146 182 137

223 135 141 188 254

213 233 180 208 114

153 172 265 181 92.7

163 146 265 210 215

232 210 293 227 191

113 142 184 133 194

184

Per square mile

1.79 2.15 2.24 1.74

2.11 2.06 2.14 1.74 1.34

1.58 1.33 1.99 1.38 1.30

.795 1.56 1.24 1.65 1.26

2.05 1.24 1.30 1.73 2.43

1.96 2.14 1.66 1.91 1.04

1.40 1.58 2.43 1.66 .852

1.49 1.34 2.44 1.93 1.98

2.13 1.93 2.72 2.10 1.77

1.05 1.S2 1.71 1.23 1.80

1.71

Runoff In

Inches

24.27 29.17 SO. 38 23.57

28.64 27.93 29.08 23.63 18.20

21.46 18.09 27.00 18.73 17.70

10.79 21.29 16.84 22.42 17.08

27.96 16.89 17.65 23.53 33.07

26.64 29.00 22.51 26.00 14.16

19.06 21.49 33.14 22.53 11.59

20.28 18.23 33.07 26.15 26.83

29.07 26.19 36.98 28.63 24.14

14.28 17.95 23.19 16.81 24.46

-

Calendar year

Mean

2SO 288 194 233

277 230 237 189 170

192 217 155 168 151

125 163 161 157 159

205 140 152 212 274

184 223 203 174 144

139 234 198 174 95.4

164 197 227 221 191

260 228 293 183 200

91.5 176 175 131

-

Runoff In

Inches

26.31 32.59 22.08 26.56

31.64 26.22 27.01 21.59 19.44

21.89 24.78 17.84 19.29 17.38

14.33 18.75 18.46 19.63 19.79

25.61 17.49 18.92 26.40 34. SI

22.96 27.75 25.35 21.78 17.93

17.36 29.17 24.79 21.64 11.91

20.41 24.60 28.33 27.61 23.78

32.60 28.49 36.96 23.01 25.22

11.54 22.13 22.07 16.59

-

STREAM-PLOW RECORDS - MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN

ASSABET RIVER AT MAYNARD, MASS.

Location.- Water-stage recorder, lat. 4225'55", long. 7127'01", at Maynard, Middlesex County, 150 feet upstream from bridge on State Highway 27, 1.7 miles downstream from Assabet Brook, and 7.1 miles upstream from confluence with Sudbury River.

Drainage area.- 116 square miles.

Records available.- July 1941 to September 1945.

Extremes.- 1941-45: Maxi