hydrogeology of the surficial and intermediate aquifer ... · properties of the surficial aquifer...

[§ler1e McPeeks -_~.s Geological surVe~ Rpt. 96-4063.tit

Hydrogeology of the Surficial and Intermediate Aquifer Systems in Sarasota and Adjacent Counties, Florida

By G.L. Barr

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4063

Prepared in cooperation with SARASOTA COUNTY, FLORIDA, and the SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

Tallahassee, Florida 19%

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I Cylene Mc~e_el<s -_u s-Geological survey -~pt 96-4063til-

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director

Any use of trade, product, or firm names In this publication Is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

For additional information write to:

District Chief U.S. Geological Suovey Suite 3015 227 North Bronaugh Street Tallahassee, Aorida 32301

Copies of this report can be purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Information Services P .0. Box 25286 Denver, CO 80225-()288

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CONTENTS

Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................................ . Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................... I

Purpose and Scope....................................................................................................................................................... 2 Description of the Study Area ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Previous Investigations................................................................................................................................................ 4 Methods for Describing the Hydrogeology................................................................................................................. 5 Acknowledgments....................................................................................................................................................... 6

Hydrogeologic Framework............................................................................................................................................... 7 Surficial Aquifer System ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Intermediate Aquifer System ....................................................................................................................................... 10

Lithology and Age ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Areal Extent and Thickness ............................................................................................................................... II Hydraulic;; Properties .......................................................................................................................................... I2 Geologic Faulting .............................................................................................................................................. 12

Ground·WatcrUse ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 Ground·WaterQuality ....................................................................................................................................................... 13

Surficial Aquifer System ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Intennediate Aquifer System ....................................................................................................................................... 15

PenneableZone 1 .............................................................................................................................................. 15 Permeable Zone 2 .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Permeable Zone 3 .............................................................................................................................................. 16 Carlton Reserve and South Venice Test Wells ................................................................................................... 17

Ground· Water Flow ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Selected References ........................................................................................................................................................... 20

Figures [Most figures are located at the back of this report.]

1. Map showing location of the study area, ground· water quality study area, and test wells..................................... 3 2-4. Diagrams showing lithologic, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the:

2. Carlton Reserve test well................................................................................................................................. 6 3. South Venice test well...................................................................................................................................... 7 4. Walton test well................................................................................................................................................ 8

5. Hydrogeologic framework in the study area........................................................................................................... 9 6. Map showing location of hydrogeologic sections in the study area ....................................................................... 23

7-16. Hydrogeologic sections in southwest Florida: 7. Section A·A' ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 8. Section B·B' ..................................................................................................................................................... 25 9. Section C-C' ..................................................................................................................................................... 26

10. SectionO.D' ..................................................................................................................................................... 27 11. Section B--E' ..................................................................................................................................................... 28 12. Section F·F' ...................................................................................................................................................... 29 13. SectionG-0' ..................................................................................................................................................... 30 14. Section H·H'..................................................................................................................................................... 31 15. Section I·r........................................................................................................................................................ 32 16. SectionJ.J' ....................................................................................................................................................... 33

17 • 22. Maps showing~ 17. Generalized thickness of the surficial aquifer system in southwest Florida.................................................... 34

Contents Ill

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' Cylene McPeeks : .. ~~~~-~ological Survey Rpt96-4063.tif 1

18. Generalized altitude of the base of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida. ............................ . 35 19. Generalized thickness and extent of permeable zone 1 of the intermediate aquifer system in

southwest Florida. ........................................................................................................................................... . 20. Generalized thickness of penneable zone 2 of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida .......... .

36 ·(

37 21. Generalized thickness of permeable zone 3 of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida .......... . 38 22. Generalized thickness and extent of the Venice Clay in southwest Florida ................................................... . 39

23. Major pumping centers in southwest Sarasota County ......................................................................................... .. 40 24. Surficial and intermediate aquifer system ground-water quality monitor wells in southwest

Sarasota County .................................................................................................................................................... .. 41 25-40. Maps showing:

25. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................................................. .. 42

26. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................................................. .. 43

27. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the sur:ficia1 aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................ ~ ............................................................................... .. 44

28. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ................................................................................................. ~ ........................................... ..

29. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable 45

w· zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................ . 46 i

30. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ........................................................................................................... .. 47

31. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, I permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ......................................................................................... .. 48 '

32. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................ .

33. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system. permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ........................................................................................................... ..

49 ! -50 34. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable

zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................. , ............................................. .. 35. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system,

51 I permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County .......................................................................................... . 52 !

36. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ........................................................................................................... .. 53

37. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................. ~ ............. .

38. Sulfate concentration in water ft:om wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................ .

39. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest S8I11Sota County ......................................................................................... ..

40. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable

54

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56 ! zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ............................................................................................................ . 57

41-50. Graphs showing: 41. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system,

permeable zone 1, at the Englewood Water District well EPZ 9, 1987-93 ................................................... .. 58 42. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system,

permeable zone 2, at the Venice Gardens well field monitorwell9, 1985-90 ............................................... . 59 43. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system,

permeable zone 2, at the Plantation monitor well MW4, 1987-94 ................................................................ .. 60 44. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intennediate aquifer system,

permeable zone 2, at the Southbay Utility well PZ2, 1983-94 ...................................................................... . 61 45. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intennediate aquifer system,

penneable zone 3, at the EWD RO Production welll, 1983-93 ................................................................... .. 62 46. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system,

penneable zone 3, at the Plantation monitor well MW3, 1987-94 ................................................................ .. 63

IV Conlllnbl

47. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Sarasota County Utility well PZ3, 1985-94 ............................................................. 64

48. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Southbay Utility well PZ3, 1989-93 ....................................................................... 65

49. Chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values at selected depth intervals below land swface at the Carlton Reserve test well ........................................................................................................................ 66

50. Chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values at selected depth intervals below land surface at the South V~ce test well ............................................................................................................................ 67

51. Diagrams showing major-ion concentrations of water from the intermediate aquifer system at selected intervals below land surface at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells ................................................... 68

52. Maps showing composite potentiometric swface of the intermediate aquifer system, May and September 1993 ............................................................................................................................................... 69

53. Section showing two-dimensional conceptual model of the intermediate aquifer system, southwest Sarasota County...................................................................................................................................... 19

54. Graphs showing water levels in the surficial, intermediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer monitor wells at ROMP TR 5-2, January 1993 to December 1994 ............................................................................................... 70

Table [Most tables are located at the back of this report.]

1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida. ...................................................................................................... 71

2. Ground-water withdrawals from the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems at major pumping centers, southwest Sarasota County, 1992 ............................................................................................................................ 13

3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground-water quality data in southwest Sarasota County, 1993 ............................................................................................................................................. 76

4. Ground-water quality data collected with a pore squeezer at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells, Sarasota County, 1992 ...................................................................................................... 80

CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, ABBREVIATED WATERQUALITY UNITS, AND ACRONYMS

Multiply By To obtain

inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter

inch (in.) 25,400 micrometer

cubic inch (in1) 16.39 cubic centimeter

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter foot pel- day (ftld) 1.0 meter per day

foot per day per foot [(ft!d)lft] l.O meter per day per meter

mile (mi) !.609 kilometer foot squared per day (W/d) 0.0929 meter squared per day

square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer

gallon (gal) 3.785 liter

gallon per day (g.J/d) 3.785 liter per day gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06308 liter per second

million gallons per day (MgaVd) 0.04381 cubic meter per second

Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (Of) can be converted to degrees Celsius fC) as follows:

"C = 519 ("F- 32)

Contents V

SEA LEVEl: In Ibis report. "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929)-a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called "Sea Level Datum of 1929,"

VI Contonta

ABBREVIATED WATER-QUALITY UNITS

)liD micrometers

mL milliliters jJ.S/cm microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius mg/L milligrams per liter J.lgiL micrograms per liter

ACRONYMS

SAS Surficial aquifer system lAS Intermediate aquifer system

PZl Intermediate aquifer system. permeable zone 1 PZ2 Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2 PZ3 Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3

UFA Upper Floridan aquifer CU SASIPZl Confining unit between SAS and PZl CU PZ1/PZ2 Confining unit between PZl and PZ2

CU n2JPZ3 Confining unit between PZ2 and PZ3

CU PZ31UFA Confining unit between PZ3 and UFA

EWD Englewood Wat<r District FGS Florida Geological Survey

MCL Maximum concentration level QWIP Quality of Water Improvement Program

RO Reverse osmosis ROMP Regional Observation and Monitor-Well Program

SWFWMD Southwest Florida Water Management District USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

USGS U.S. Oeological Survey WRAP Water Resources Assessment Program

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~Cylene.McPeeks::-u,s Geological siJrvey.RPt 96-4o63.tit

Hydrogeology of the Surficial and Intermediate Aquifer Systems in Sarasota and Adjacent Counties, Florida

ByG.L. Barr

ABSTRACT

From 1991 to 1995, the hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer system and the major permeable zones and confining units of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida was studied. The study area is a 1,400-squaremile area that includes Sarasota County and parts of Manatee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee Counties. Lithologic, geophysicaL hydraulic property, and water-level data were used to correlate the hydrogeology and map the extenfof the aquifer systems. Water chemistry was evaluated in southwest Sarasota County to determine salinity of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems.

The surficial aquifer is an unconfined aquifer system that overlies the intermediate aquifer system and ranges from a few feet to over 60 feet in thickness in the study area. Hydraulic properties of the surficial aquifer system determined from aquifer and laboratory tests, and model simulations vary considerably across the study area.

The intermediate aquifer system, a confined aquifer system that lies between the surficial and the Upper Floridan aquifers, is composed of alternating confining units and permeable zones. The intermediate aquifer system has three major permeable zones that exhibit a wide range of hydraulic properties. Horizontal flow in the intermediate aquifer system is northeast to southwest. Most of the study area is in a discharge area of the intermediate aquifer system.

Water ranges naturally from fresh in the surficial aquifer system and upper permeable zones of the intermediate aquifer system to moderately saline in the lower permeable zone. Water-quality data collected in coastal southwest Sarasota County indicate that groundwater withdrawals from major pumping centers have resulted in lateral seawater intrusion and upconiug into the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems.

INTRODUCTION

Demand for public, industrial, and domestic water-supply is increasing in southwest Florida largely due to an influx of new residents and increased development in coastal regions. In southwest Florida, ground water is the main source of potable water. In 1992, a variety of community potable water systems, ranging from county-owned water systemB to independent businesses in Sarasota County were pennitted by the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWFWMD) to withdraw ground water. The SWFWMD also requires pennits by other independent businesses that withdraw ground water for agricultural, industrial, mining, and recreational purposes when the outside diameter of the well casing is 6-in. or greater, total withdrawal capacity from any source or combined sources is greater than or equal to 1 million galld, or the annual average withdrawal from any source or combined sources is greater than or equal to 100,000 gal/d (SWFWMD, 1994). Withdrawals reported by these pennined water systems ranged from hundreds of gallons to more than 2 million gallons per month. Domestic homes and private companies do not require water-use pennits when the outside

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CyiE!nf!_rv1pPeeks- U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif

diameter of the well casings is smaller than 6-in. and withdraws are less than threshold pumpage rates.

Ground water is withdrawn from three main aquifer systems in Sarasota County and neighboring counties: the surficial aquifer system (SAS), intermediate aquifer system (lAS), and Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA). Manatee County withdraws much of its potable water from the UFA. Southern Sarasota County and counties to the south rely heavily on the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems for their potable water. Umited supplies of potable ground water can be pumped from thin layers of the SAS and the upper two permeable zones of the lAS in those areas. Limited amounts of water can be withdrawn from these potable water zones because they are thin and have limited areal extent. Slightly saline to very saline water is available in larger quantities from the deeper permeable zones in the area. Slightly saline to moderately saline water can be converted to potable water by desalinization but at a relatively large expense. Because of the need for large quantities of potable water, 42 facilities for public water supply were permitted for desalinization operations in the Sarasota ..Charlotte County area in 1993; 19 of the facilities produced more than 100,000 gaYd (Mark Hanuuond, SWFWMD, oral commun., 1994).

The IAS has a series of penneable zo~ and confining units, Water quality in the zones depends on the hydrogeologic setting, flow dynamics, well construction, and pumping stresses on the aquifer system. The confining units of the IAS limit movement of water between the various permeable zones. Many production wells are open to several permeable zones of the lAS, allowing for an interchange of water with significantly different waterquality properties. Consequently, potable water in upper zones can be degraded by saline water from deeper permeable zones. Wells with corroded casings also can allow interchange of water among the zones. The withdrawal of ground water from production wells near the coast increases the possibility of lateral seawater intrusion because of the proximity to the seawater/freshwater interlace at the coast Intense pumping of an upper permeable zone also can cause upconing of water with higher dissolved solids from lower permeable zones.

A better understanding of the hydrogeology of the SAS and the lAS is needed to evaluate the effects of pumping on the entire aquifer system. Because of insufficient hydrogeologic infonnation of the

individual permeable zones and confining units of the lAS, the potentiometric surfaces of the individual permeable zones of the IAS and the UFA is not well defined. In October 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the SWFWMD, began a 3-year study to define the hydrogeology of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems in Sarasota County and adjacent counties (fig. 1). In 1993, Sarasota County became a cooperator and the study was extended through September 1995 and expanded to include an evaluation of ground-water quality and seawater intrusion along coastal Sarasota County, from Osprey to Englewood (fig. 1).

Purpose and Scope

This repert describes the hydrogeology of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems in southwest Florida, focusing on the area where the Venice Clay exists. The hydrogeologic framework is based upon lithologic, geophysical, head, water-quality, and hydraulic property data from many existing wells and three test wells constructed in Sarasota County during the study. Data from existing wells were from the files of the USGS, SWFWMD, Floriwi Geological Survey (FGS), Sarasota County Utility and Water Departments, and private consultants' reports. Ground-water quality and the potential for seawater intrusion in coastal Sarasota County between Osprey and Englewood were determined from water collected from wells open to the SAS and !AS.

Description of the Study Area

The study area is about 1,400 mi2 and includes Sarasota County and pam of Manatee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee Counties (fig. 1). The areal extent of the study area was selected by evaluating the hydrogeologic framework and defining the landward extent of the Venice Clay, a membef of a confining unit in the upper part of the !AS. A smaller part of the study area in southwest Sarasota County, between Osprey and Englewood and to the east in the general vicinity of the Myakka River, was selected for evaluation of ground-water quality, seawater intrusion, and a general discussion of ground-water flow.

The study area liea in parts of the Gulf Coastal Lowlands, the lagoons and barrier chain, and the De Soto Plain, all minor divisions of the Florida central or

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27"00'

EXPLANATION -GROUND-WAlER QUALITY STUDY AREA -·BOUNDARY OF STUDY AREA

WAL roN leST WELL MID NAME

q § 1p MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

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I meridian ·83"00'

HARDEE COUNTY

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CHARLOTTE COUNlY

Figure 1. Location of the study area. ground-water quality study area, and test wells.

Introduction

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midpeninsula physiographic zone described by White (1970). Land-surface altitude ranges from sea level along Gulf coastal regions to over 100ft above sea level in southeast Manatee County. The area is characterized by gradually sloping plains and terraces formed in shallow marine environments by advances and retreats of the sea during Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Most inland areas are dry upland habitats with an assortment of palustrine forested, scrub-shrub, or pi.Iustrine emergent wetland habitats (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985). The area is marked with springs and karst features including, sinkholes, depressions, and relict-sink lakes.

Previous Investigations

Early reconnaissance reports of Florida before the mid-1980's, which described geology or gronnd water in the study area, reported the surficial or intermediate aquifer systems in geologic or hydraulic tenns. These proposed descriptions and Jllllllell for the surficial and intennediate aquifer systems as hydrogeologic units were acknowledged by the Soutbeas- Geological Society (1986). Tenninology for the SAS has generally undergone few changes and has usually been called the non-artesian aquifer, unconfined aquifer, water-table aquifer, or the surlicial aquifer.

Descriptions of sediments of the lAS by investigators have undergone a progression of terminology. Stringfield (1936, p. 131) combined the lAS with the Floridan aquifer in his investigation of artesian water in Tertiary deposits of the southeastern States and refened tu both as "the nutin body of water."ln 1966, Stringfield described the geology in Florida and called the lAS the ''local artesian aquifers" of middle Miocene and younger aged sediments. Parker and others (1955, p. 189) defined the Hawthorn and Tamiami Formations as the "Florida aquiclude." Peek (1958) completed the first detailed geologic study of Manatee County, noting that the Hawthorn Formation serves as a confining bed for the Floridan aquifer. Clark (1964) investigated the hydrelogic conditions near Venice, Fla.. and called the upper Hawthorn sediments the ''first and second artesian aquifers," an early attempt to distinguish individual permeable zones of the lAS.

Later, investigators began describing the lAS as an aquifer system with discrete permeable zones. Sutcliffe (1975), investigating the water resources of Charlotte County, divided the Tamiami Formation and

other Miocene sediments into three discrete aquifer zones. Tbe hydregeology and water quality of the three discrete aquifer zone system of the Tamiami Fonnation and Miocene sediments were further described by Joyner and Sutcliffe (1976) for Sarasota County and partS of Manatee, Hardee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee Counties. Geraghty and Miller (1974, 1975) investigated the hydrogeology of the "water table aquifer'' and the ''upper artesian aquifer'' at the Verna well field in northeast Sarasota County, the hydrogeology in centtal Sarasota County at the MacArthur tract (1981), and at Venice Gardens (1985), where the !AS was tenned the "secondary artesian aquifer." Wo1ansky (1978) reported the hydregeology of the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte County. In Brown's reports of the water resources of Manatee County (1981) and the Manasota basin (1982), he called part of the lAS the "minor artesian aquifer." In the study by Sutcli1fe and Thompson (1983), in the Venice-Englewood area. Sarasota and Charlotte Counties. the hydrogeology and water quality of five aquifer zones were described for the surficial, intennediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer systems.

A report by Wolansky (1983) describing the hydregeology of the Sarasota-Port Charlotte area divides the Miocene and lower Pliocene sediments into two hydrogeologic units called the lower Hawthorn-upper Tampa aquifer and the Tamiamiupper Hawthorn aquifer. These two hydrogeologic units are called the "intermediate aquifers," and correspond to the upper two permeable zones of the present day !AS.In a study of the hydregeology of the Vema well field in Sarasota County, Hutchinsnn (1984) also used Wolansky's terminology for the Miocene and lower Pliocene sediments of the lAS. Campbell reported the geology of Sarasota County (1985a) and De Soto County (1985b ). A water supply and development stody by Dames and Moore (1985) that included hydregeology of centtal Sarasota County (Ringling-MacArthur Reserve) notes a "secondary artesian aquifer" within the Hawthorn and Tampa Limestone. Duerr and Wolansky (1986) reported the hydregeology and water quality in the surlicial and intermediate aquifers in central Sarasota County (Ringling-MacArthur Reserve).

Since 1987, the USGS has published biannual potentiometric-surface map reports of the !AS in southwest Florida. Potentiometric surfaces are contoured based upon Wolansky's (1983) two permeable zones of the !AS. Reports show general

4 Hydrogeology of the Surtlclal•nd lntermed'-te Aquifer Systttms In S.raaca mel AdJ.cent Countlu, Florida!

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head relations, but insufficient areal coverage and ... composite·head data have resulted due to a paucity of

single permeable-zone head data. The first effort to map the areal extent and upper and lower bounds of the lAS was in a study of the geohydrology and water withdrawals of the aquifer systems in southwest Florida by Duerr and others (1988). Lithostratigraphic work by Scott (1988) lead to an accurate understanding of the Hawthorn sediments and subsequent revision to group status. The SWFWMD (1990) presented ground·water quality results in Manatee, Hardee, Hishlands, Sarasota, De Soto, and Charlotte Counties of water samples from wells open to the surficial, intermediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer systems; all water-quality data from IAS wells, however, were reported as composite data because some wells were open to several permeable zones. Hutchinson (1992) assessed the hydrogeology of southwest Sarasota and west Charlotte Counties, and reported On water quality of samples from springs and wells open to the lAS and Upper Floridan aquifer; some water-quality data were of samples from wells open to several zones of the lAS.

Infonnation about the hydraulic properties of the SAS and !AS was also obtained from reports by CH2M Hill (1978), Post, Buckley, Schuh, and Jernigan (1981, 1982a, and 1982b), and AJdaman and Associates, Inc. (1992). Hydrogeologic and wellconstruction data from the SWFWMD Regional Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP}, Water ResoW"Ces Assessment Program (WRAP), Quality of Water Improvement Program (QWIP), and information from the data·resources, water·use, and well-permitting departments were also used.

Methods for Describing the Hydrogeology

Files of the USGS, SWFWMD, FGS, Sarasota County, and consultants' reports were the sources of lithologic, hydranlic, borehole geophysical, and head data From all the well data available, 61 wells were selected to evaluate the hydrogeologic properties of the SAS, Venice Clay, and the permeable zones and confining units of the IAS in the study area.

The areal extent of the permeable zones of the lAS has not been determined. In 1992, the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells were drilled by the FGS to collect hydrogeologic data that could be used to provide benchmark information for the SAS, Venice Clay, and the lAS. The Walton test well was

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drilled in 1991 by the USGS for geologic reconnaissance. At all three test wells (fig. 1), continuous sediment and core samples were collected using split-spoon (upper 10 to 30ft) and wire· line techniques. The Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and Walton test wells were drilled to depths of 580, 701, and 304 ft below land surface, respectively. The Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells penetrated the UFA, and the Walton test well was completed into the lAS. The Carlton Reserve test well was converted into a 4-in. monitor well with an open hole interval of 175 to 190ft below land surface. Personnel from the FGS and USGS provided lithostratigraphic and paleontologic descriptions from samples collected at the test wells (Campbell and others, 1993; Wmgard and others, 1995). The FGS conducted laboratory tests on selected cores of the Carlton Reserve and South Venice wells using fallinghead permeameters to detennine vertical hydraulic conductivities. Borehole geophysical data were collected at the three test wells by the USGS.

Correlation techniques were used to construct hydrogeological sections across the study area. The data acquired during this study were used to construct isopach maps of the surficial, intennediate, and Upper Florida aquifer systems. At the three test wells, depth intervals of hydrogeologic units were detennined and correlated with lithologic descriptions and signatures on the geophysical logs. Correlations subsequently were made with log data from other wells on the section line. Head data from 15 ROMP sites and 1 FGS well were used to define the depth intervals for permeable zones and confining units of the IAS; however, head data were interpreted with caution because of well construction techniques and seasonal head changes that occurred during drilling periods that sometimes exceeded 6 months.

Other well data used in the correlation of hydrogeologic units included reliable lithologic descriptions from core or cutting samples, geophysical logs, and heads collected during drilling. Natural gamma and electric logs were used to establish geophysical profiles for the SAS and lAS. The most comprehensive data for defining the Venice Clay were from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and Walton test wells, and from ROMP sites 22, TR 5-1, and TR 7-2. Samples of the Venice Clay at these sites were age dated by fossil identification, and mineral content was analyzed by x-ray diffraction in samples at the three test wells. Selected data from the key wells, presented

Introduction 5

r~y~~~eMcPeeks -USGeological_~ur:vey Rpt 96-4063.tif

UTHOLOGY NATURAL GAMMA-RAY ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY

SEALEVEL -:::..._~

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EXPLANATION ·---[£] Phoo- !'22 lAS oonfining unO

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SAS Surllclal equiler system PZ1 Penneai:Hzone 1 PZ2 Penneable zooe 2 PZ3 Permeable zone 3 lAS lntennedla• aquifer ayatem UFA Upper Floridan aquHer

Figure 2. Uthologlc, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the Carlton Reserve test well.

in figures 2-4, include lithology, hydrogeologic unit. head, and borehole geophysical logs.

Acknowledgments The author gratefully acknowledges the support

of the SWFWMD and Sarasota County. SBiliSOta County and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers allowed the drilling of test wells on their properties. Special thanks are extended to the following individuals: Frank T. Manheim. USGS, for providing the core-squeezing apparatus and technieal advice on sampling methods;

Amleto A. Pucci, Lafayette College, Baston, Pa., who also advised on core-squeezing, water sampling, and laboretocy analytical techniques; Roger Quick, Englewood Water District; Robert Money, Plantation Utility; Steven E Park, City of Venice; and Betty Thomas, Venice Gardens Utility, for providing production-well and water-quality data at the respective well fields; George Ulrich, USGS, retiree, who voluntarily assisted in identifying lithologies at the test wells. Thanks also are given to the many residents in Sarasota County who allowed water samples to be collected from their wells. The author is grateful to

I Hydrogaology of the Surficial and Intermediate AquHer Syt~lams In S.ruota end Adjac.rt CountiM, Florkle

· CXIen~ McPeeks-l):~.Geological Survey ~t. 96-4063.tif

UTHOLOGY HYDROGEOLOGIC NATURAL GAMMA~RAY ElECTRIC RESISTIVITY UNIT

~- :---vENICE CLAY C?' '-··---- J =

PZ3

100 I

~~ :f :!-'1-.,

\ ?---

COUNTS PEA SECOND

Os.n• • Clay/oill

EXPLANATION

• Dolool<>no

W Phoophate i2.a lAS confiring ..,;,

• Umoo1000 @] Chert ~ lAS permeable zone end number

SAS SUrficial aquifer ayalam PZ1 Permeable zone1 PZ2 Pnneablezone 2 PZ3 Permeable ZOM 3 lAS lntannedlate aquifer aysllllm UFA Upper Floridan aquifer

Figure 3. uthologlc, hydrogeologic, and geophysiCal data at the South Venice test welt.

Jonathan D. Arthur and Thomas M. Scott. Florida Geological Survey, for their insightful comments and technical review of the Florida geology.

HYDROGEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK

The surficial and intermediate aquifer systems. a series of unconsolidated and consolidated marine sediments from the land surface downward are more than 700 ft thick in the study area. The hydrogeologic units in these sediments range in age from Quaternary to early Tertiary. The hydrogeologic framework of the study area i~ presented in figure 5, The locations of 10 hydrogeologic sections are shown in figure 6 and the sections are shown in figures 7-16. A summary of well

records. vertical hydraulic conductivities, and hydraulic properties of the SAS and lAS are listed in table I.

Surficial Aquifer System

The SAS consists of permeable, unconsolidated, clastic sediments and some locally consolidated basal carbonates that range in age from Holocene to Pliocene. The sediments are composed of fine to medium quartz and phosphatic sand, clayey sand, clay, sandy clay, shells, limestone, and dolostone, and become increasingly phosphatic and clayey with depth. Carbonate sediments usually are components of deeper aquifers, but when clay and confining materials

Hydrogeofoglc Framework 7

' Cyl~ne McPeeks -U.S Geological SurveyRpt.:_3l_64_:..::.06:c3:c.c . .:ctif ___ ~

HYDROGEOLOGIC UTHOLOOY UNIT NATURAL GAMMA-RAY ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY

100

0 100 200

0Sanct

• Claylollt

EXPLANATION

• Ooloo-

OOUNTS PER SECOND

0 - ~ IAScon ...... unn ·u-- @_]Chert ~ IAS-zcnoond"""'""'

s~ Surldel aquifer •vr*fn PZ1 Perrr.able zone 1 P2'2 permeatjezone 2 PZS Pe~zana3 lAS lnlel'rnel:la .. aquifer system UfA Upper ROI'Idan aquifer

Figure 4. Lithologic, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the Walton test well.

are not present. the carbonates may be part of the base of the SAS. The SAS is contiguous with land surface and extends to the top of laterally extensive and vertically persistent sediments of much lower permeability (Southeastern Geological Society, 1986). Data collected during this study indicate that the SAS ranges in thickness from a few feet to more lhan 60 ft (fig. 17).

Sediments of the SAS have a wide range of hydraulic properties because of variations in grain size and texture. porosity, depositional environment, and degree of fluid saturation. Previous investigations show the hydraulic properties vary considerably across the study area (table 1). Transmissivities from aquifer tests at eight wells in Sarasota County range

from 150 to 1,800 tt2id, and in western and northwestern Charlotte County from 1,340 to greater lhan 3,340 fl'ld (table 1). Storage coefficients in Sarasota County from aquifer tests at two wells in the Carlton Reserve and the Vema well field 2E7 range from 0.1 to 0.19. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity values from 15 wells in Sarasota County range from 2 X 10·3 to 159 ft/d and in western and northwest Charlotte County ranges from 47 to 60 ft/d.

The water table of the SAS generally follows land-surlace topography; however, the water table varies in altitude seasonally because of recharge from precipitation and the effects of pumping. The water table is generally 0 to 5 ft below land swface, and is at

8 Hydrogeology of the Surflcl•l•nd lntermedl•te Aquifer Systeme In Ser .. ot• and AdjiiCent Countfu, Florkta

Page~~1J

Quatemazy

Tertiacy

Holocene and

Heistocene

Hiocene

Miocene

Upper Oligocene

Lower Oligocene

Unconsolidated to weakly indurated clastics

and marine deposits

Undifferentiated deposits Tamiami Rmna.tion

Arcadia Hawthorn Formation,

Group l. 3

Tampa Member

Nocatee Member'

Suwannee limestone,

Ane to medium quartz and phospluttic sand, claJ<Y sand, limestone,

clay, and shells

Fossiliferous limestone and dolostone, quartz and phosphatic sand, and clay

fussiliferous limestone and dolostone, some clay and quartz sand; some tmces of phos-

phate near top

' Based on nomenclature of Southeastern Geological Society ( 1986). 'Based on nomenclature of Scott (1988). 'Baaed on age detennination by Covington (1993), Missimer and othera (1994), Scott and othera (1994), Wingand and otheiS (1993), and Wmganl and others (1995).

Figure 5. Hydrogeologic framework in the study area

--------- ----------- ...... ····..,...---- ---------------:------_:; ..

Surlicial aquifer

Upper Roridan aquifer

Surlicial aquifer system

Inter-mediate aquifer system

Floridan aquifer system

'U Ill

"' CD

land surface where surface-water bodies such as lakes, streams, and swamps exist.

Intermediate Aquifer System

The lAS "includes all rocks that lie between and collectively retard the exchange of water between the overlying surficial aquifer system and the underlying Floridan aquifer system" (Southeastern Geological Society, 1986, p. 5). Three Illl\ior permeable zones are recognized within the study area (fig. 5). Permeable zones I, 2, and 3 (PZl,PZ2, PZ3), respectively, are in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the lAS. The zones are distinguished as separate units by intervening confining units, and by differences in water quality and water levels. The major permeable zones of the complex lAS may be thick sequences of permeable sediments, or successive layers of permeable and semi-permeable sediments that function as a single hydrogeologic unit. Boundaries of the major permeable zones and their confining units also may transverse cbronohorizons (sediments of the same age). Some layers of clastic or carbonate sediments within major confining units are more permeable and are capable of producing small quantities of water to wells than other layers of sediments; however, the layers may be thin or not areally extensive, and incapable of sustaining longterm ground-water withdrawals.

Lithology and Aga

Sediments of the lAS in the study area include fossiliferous limestone and dolostone, quartz and phosphate sand, clayey sand, clay, sandy clay, and chert, ranging in age from Pliocene to Oligocene (fig. 5). The relation between the stratigraphic and hydrogeologic units shown in figure 5 is developed based on limited lithologic control in the study area and is, the~·efore, subject to change with more data.

The confining unit below the SAS, the upper confining uni~ is the top of the !AS (fig. 5). The upper confining unit consists mostly of clay with varying percentages of quartz and phosphatic sand, sil~ carbonates, and micro- to macrofossils, and sometimes dense, low-to-very-low-permeability carbonates. Permeable zone 1 lies below the upper confining unit (fig. 2) and consist& primarily of limestone, dolostone, and sand with varying percentages of quartz and

phosphatic sand, silt, clay, fossils, and accessory minerals.

The confining unit below PLl consists primarily of clay with varying percentages of quartz and phosphatic sand, silt, and accessory minerals, chert, and low penneability sandstone and carbonates. Within this confining unit and sometimes composing the entire confining unit (figs. I 0 and 16) is the Venice Clay (fig. 5). The na.miVcnice Clay was probably first used by Joyner and Sutcliffe (1976), and later by Sutcliffe and Thompson (1983), and Miller and Sutcliffe (1985) to describe a previously unnamed clay unit. No outcrops of the Venice Clay exist, but presumably, below-water-surface exposures are present at about 50 ft below land surface in Warm Mineral Springs in southern Sarasota County (about 9 mi northeast of Englewood) where Pleistocene to Miocene sediments arc exposed along the open spring vent wall.

For this study, the Venice Clay is defined as a green to gray, magnesian clay composed of illitesmectite, sepiolite, and palygorskite with little or no quartz, phosphate, or carbonates. Due to sampling techniques, previous descriptions may have included materials in contact above and below the Venice Clay. The USGS conducted x-ray diffraction analyses of Venice Clay samples from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and Walton test wells. Analyses showed that the primary components of the Venice Clay are magnesian clays composed of illite-smectite, sepiolite and palygorskite, containing little or no carbonate or quartz (Lucy McCartan, USGS, Reston, Va., written commun., 1992). The Venice Clay possesses swelling properties; several core samples collected at the South Venice test well expanded about two times the length of the collection interval upon removal from the core barrel. Substantial amount& of quanz, phosphate, and carbonates were Observed in sediments suprajacent and subjacent the Venice Clay. Mixing of the Venice Clay with these sediments during previous sampling could explain earlier descriptions of the Venice Clay as being dolomitic.

Geophysical data can indicate lithologic characteristics of the sediment&. Natoral gamma and electric geophysical log data for 3 wells are given in figw"es 2 to 4. The Venice Clay is identified on the natural gamma log at the area of low intensity. Natural gamma radioactivity is relatively low (25-30 counts per second) in the Venice Clay because of low or no phosphate content

10 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lnterm~~dl.te Aquifer Systems In Seruota and AdJacent Counties, Florida

• i

'·····

•F>a9e.161

I C)l!e_rteMcPeeks- U.S Geological Survey Hpt~~6-406.-=3c.:.t:.cif ________ ~~~--~~~-

Based on FGS and USGS evaluations of the cores from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and Walton test wells and lithologic data from selected wells, Scott (1992) proposed that the Venice Clay be recognized as a member of the Arcadia Formation, Hawthorn Group. The Venice Clay previously was defined as the basal part of the Tamiami Formation. Paleopalynologic evaluations of Venice Clay samples from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, Walton, ROMP 22, and TR 5-1 wells by Lucy E. Edwards (USGS, Reston, Va., written commun., 1994); Wingard and others (1993) reported the presence of dinoflagellate assemblages that range in age from early or middle Miocene.

Permeable zone 2 underlies the confining unit that contains the Venice Clay (fig. 5) and is composed primarily of limestone and dolostone with varying percentages of quartz and phosphate sand. silt, clay, fossils, and accessory minerals. The confining unit below PZ2 is composed primarily of clay with varying percentages of quartz and phosphate sand, sil~ and dense, low-to-very-low permeability carbonates.

Permeable zone 3 underlies the confining unit below PZ2 (fig. 5) and is composed primarily of limestone and dolostone, and varying percentages of quartz and phosphate sand, silt, clay, fossils, and accessory minerals. The confining unit below PZ3, the lower confining unit, is the base of the lAS. The lower confining unit is composed of clay with varying percentages of quartz and phosphate sand, silt, and dense, low-to-very-low penneability carbonates.

Areal Extent and Thlckneaa

The !AS exists throughout the eotire stody area; however, some hydrogeologic units of the system arc not areally extensive. The lAS is thinnest in Manatee County and thickest in Lee County, ranging in thickness from 221 to 745ft (figs. 7-16). The altitode of the top of the !AS can be extrapolated from the SAS thickness map (fig. 17); for example, where the SAS is 20 ft thick, the top of the !AS is at 20 ft below land surface. The bottom of the lAS coincides with the top of the UFA and ranges in altitude from less than 300 to grester than 700ft below sea level (fig. 18). Structurally, the !AS and its associated hydrogeological units have a gentle slope and dip one degree or less generally toward the south in the study area.

Permeable zone 1 is not extensive throughout the study area but exists in a part of western Manatee, southern and western Sarasota. and western Charlotte

Counties (fig. 19). Permeable zone 1 may exist in eastern Charlotte and Lee Counties, although the extent of it in those counties was not determined during this study. This is generally the thinnest permeable zone of the !AS, averaging 80ft or less (fig. 19). Where present, PZl always overlies the Venice Clay.

Permeable zone 2 extends throughout the study area and beyond, ranging in thickness from 20ft to greater than 190ft (fig. 20); the zone is thickest in eastern and southern Sarasota, and eastern Manatee Counties. Permeable zone 2 is always below the Venice Clay.

Permeable zone 3 extends throughout most of the study area except in northern and eastern Manatee Couoty (fig. 21); it probably extends beyond the study area to the south. Thickness ranges from 0 feet in central and western Manatee County to greater than 300ft in southwest Sarasota County. Permeable zone 3 is generally the thickest permeable zone of the lAS in the study area.

Upper, lower, and intervening confining units always separate the permeable zones of the lAS. In some locations however. the various confining units merge and function as a single confining unit (figs. 7-16). This condition is most prevalent in the northern part of the srudy area. where penneable zones narrow progressively to extinction in Manatee County. The result may be very thick confining units between thin permeable zones. The upper confining unit generally is thickest in the southern part of the study area, ranging in thickness from about S to 150ft. Various middle confining units that separate PZl, PZ2, and PZ3 range in thickoess from about IS to 240ft, depending on whether or not they merge with other confining units. Because the Venice Clay is an important hydrogeologic unit, it is delineated as a discrete unit within the study area. The Venice Clay is a convenient marker bed that separates PZl from PZ2; the Venice Clay's stratignlphic position helps drillers to locate these zones. The Venice Clay occurs in southern and western Manatee, Sarasota, western De Soto and western Charlotte Counties. and probably extends under the Gulf of Mexico (fig. 22). The Venice Clay ranges from 0 to 29 ft thick and averages about II ft thick. The lower confining unit, generally thickest in the southern part of the study area and where it merges with middle confining units (figs. 7-9, 16), ranges in thickness from about 10 to 240ft.

Hydrogeologic Fn11nework 11

[cylene McPeeks- u sGeologicaiSurvey Rpt ~6=""=06:::3~.t"'it ___ ~--------~-~~--

Hydraulic Properties

The lAS is a heterogeneous unit because of local variations in sediment composition and depositional environments, and in the diagenetic (physical, chemical, and biological) processes that have altered those sediments since they were deposited. As a result of these variations, hydraulic properties of the hydrogeologic units of the !AS vary greatly among and also within hydrogeologic units. Hydraulic properties of the lAS reported by previous investigators were sometimes determined from wells that were open to several permeable zones. Only values representative of discrete penneable zones and confining units are given in table 1.

The principal hydraulic properties summarized in table 1 for the permeable zones and confining units are transmissivity,leakance coefficient. storage coefficient. and vertical and horizontal hydraulic conductivities. Some values of leakance coefficients for variow confining units arc given as values for a permeable zone reported by other investigators; their intent was to report leakage away from the permeable zone. Permeable zone 1 has transmissivities ranging from 1,100 to 8,000 tt2td,leakance coefficients ranging from 3.6 x Hr' to 1.2 x w-1 (ft/d)lft. and storage coefficients ranging from 1.6 x Io-5 to 6.5 x 10·4. Few hydraulic conductivity values are available for permeable material in any of the major permeable zones. except on the Carlton Reserve tract where horizontal hydraulic conductivity for two wells in PZl ranged from 17'to 56 ft/d; the wells were reported to be SAS wells •. but well construction data suggest these wells are open to PZl. Permeable zone 2 has transmissivities ranging from 200 to 5,000 'ttl!d, leakance coefficients ranging from 2 x 10·5 to 1.1 x 10"3 (ft/d)/ft. and storage coefficients ranging from 6 X

w-6 to 6.2 X w-4• Permeable zone 3 has transmissivities ranging from 5,600 to 15,400 ft?-1~ One reported leakance coefficient of 3.5 X l!f' (ft/d)/ft. and Storage Coefficients ranging from 8.5 X 10-$ tO 6.4 x 104 . All hydraulic conductivity values for sediments from the three test wells constructed during the study were detennined by the FGS using a falling-head permeameter. Vertical hydraulic conductivity values for confiniug material within PZl, PZ2, and PZ3 in the three test wells ranged from less than 3.6 x Hr10 to 2.4 x w-3 ftld. Vertical hydraulic conductivity values of the various confining units between PZI. PZ2, and PZ3 ranged from I X 10"3 to less than 3.6 X 1 tr10 ft/d. The hydraulic conductivity values of less than 3.6 x

10·10 ftld noted above were from samples that did not saturate in the penneameter after 31 days or more; the sediments have very low hydraulic conductivity, and the values should be used with cautioli. Vertical hydraulic conductivity for the confining units above and below penneable zone 3 at well TR 5-2 were 0.1 ftld and 10 ftld, respectively, and were estimated by model simulations (Hutchinson and Tromrner, 1992).

Geologic Faulting

Geologic faulting has been reported in the lAS and the UFA (Hutchinson, 1992) in southern parts of the study area and may have important implications for ground-water quality and movement in the !AS. If faulting extends into the !AS, results could include: 1) breaks in confining units and direct paths for upward flow of ground water from lower permeable zones; 2) major permeable zones may be in direct contact with each other and water quality of one permeable zone may he affected by the chemical properties of water in an adjacent permeable zone; and 3) conduit flow may occur and natural ground-water flow rates and directions may differ from estimates derived from aquifer tests and model simulations that assume porous media flow. Hutchinson (1992) presents evidence for an east-west fault extending from the lower lAS to the base of the Suwannee Limestone in southern Sarasota and northern Charlotte Counties. Based on observations during this study, faulting appears to extend into the upper parts of the lAS between the South Venice and TR 4-2 wells and nearby areas (fig. 7). The Venice Clay gently slopes in the study area usually from O.oJ to 0.1 degree. in southern Sarasota ColUlty a slight deviation of the slope to about 0.3 degree between the wells may be an indication of faulting that extends to shallow depths. The South Venice well is on the down-thrown side. and the TR 4-2 well is on the up-thrown side of the fault described by Hutchinson (1992). The Venice Clay appears to he at the expected depths. Data from wells near TR 4-2. although not included in the section lines, were used to corroborate depths of the Venice Clay and showed inconsistency with the expected fault displacemenL Although not conclusive evidence, the depths of the Venice Clay at these wells suggest additional fault lines or more complex faulting has taken place in the region north of Englewood.

12 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntermedla Aquifer Sy•tllm. In Saruotll and Adf-"' CounltM, Florida

r ' '

I"C:¥1Eln_e McPeeks -U.S Geological SurveyRpt. 96-4063.tif

GROUND-WATER USE

In coastal southwest Sarasota County, groundwater withdrawals from individua1 aquifers is reported to the SWFWMD by major pumping centers and permitted users, to aid the evaluation of water quality and ground-water flow in that area. Ground water is primarily used for domestic, agricultural irrigation, and public supply. A large part of ground-water use in southwest Sarasota County is for public supply. Major pumping centers are defined by this report as community potable water systems that pumped 50,000 galld or more. The water systems were either a utility company with a consolidated network of production wells, or a municipality with several dispersed well fields. Many private wells used for domestic supply in southwest Sarasota County pump less than 50,000 gal/d. In 1992, there were four major pumping centers in southwest Sarasota County that produced 50,000 galld or more from either the SAS or the lAS for public supply (fig. 23 and table 2)" Average daily withdrawal rates for 1992 ranging from about 90,000 to 4,038,000 galld from these pumping centers are shown in· table 2 (SWFWMD, written commun., 1993). The ~or pumping centers, due to development preferences and population density in southwest Sarasota County, have been constructed within 5 mi of the Gulf of Mexico.

Table 2. Ground-water withdrawals from the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems at major pumping centers, southwest Sarasota County, 1992

[Major pumpina: <:e11tcr1 are commnnity potable wateJ aupply l)'lteml where accumul.awi JtOUOd-water pumpage excccdcd 50.000 pl/d iD. 1992. Withdrawal rates weM Mported as avaqc values (Southwest Florida Wlllcr Man~t District data filea). SAS, surfldal aquifer ty11em; lAS PZI, intermedi.llle aquifer system, permeabLe zone 1; lAS PZ2, iPtcnoedl.· ate aquifer :system. pcrmcable zone 2; lAS PZ3, iutamedilte aqWfer sy:stcm, penncable zone 3; Jal/d, sallcml per day]

Englewood Water District: .......... Well field 1 SAS 93,000

.......... Well field 1 lAS pzJ 90,400

.......... Well field 2 IASPZ1 103,100

.......... Well field 3 IASPZl 722.400

.......... Well field 4 IASPZ3 1,6SS,300

Plantation Utility IASPZ3 278,900

City of Venice well lield IASPZ2 27,000

IASPZ3 4.038,000

Venice Gardens Utility IASPZ2 268,100 IASPZ3 2,176,100

The SAS yields freshwater, which is used primarily for public and domestic supply, and lawn and agricultural inigation. Because of low transmissivity of the SAS and because most wells are small in diameter, withdrawal rates usually are less than SO gal/min. If the wells are located close to the coast, withdrawal rates are intentionally decreased to reduce the possibility of seawater intrusion. Use of water from the SAS varies among the communities in the study area depending on the availability of other water sources. In Englewood and areas to the south, the SAS is used mostly for public and domestic supply; north of Englewood, the SAS is used more extensively for lawn and agricultural irrigation. Water from the SAS usually requires treatment to remove dissolved solids" The lAS yields larger quantities of freshwater than the SAS or the UFA, although the UFA yields larger quantities but with greater concentrations of dissolved solids in southwest Sarasota County. Water from the lower part of the lAS is more saline than water in the upper part; consequently, community potable water systems and other public facilities use desalinization or reverseosmosis processes to treat the water.

GROUND-WATER QUALITY

Ground-water quality was evaluated in this study over a 1SS-mi2 area of coastal southwest Sarasota CoWlty between Osptey and Englewood, and at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells (fig"!); this was done because of potential grouudwater degradation from upconing-and lateral intrusion of seawater. Southwest Sarasota Colutty had a sufficient number of wells in which water could be sampled and evaluated from discrete permeable zones; other parts of the study area lacked the required data sites. Lateral intrusion of seawater in Florida's aquifer systems within this century has become a derivative of coastal metropolitan development, and Sarasota County is no exception. GrouDd-water withdrawals from the lAS in the county also have caused upconing of saline water from the UFA. Ground-water flow in the lAS in the study area at most times has an upward :Dow componen~ and consequently, pumping from one aquifer allows water in the next lower aquifer to move up through the system at a faster rate. Deeper hydrogeologic units are the source of vertically intruded water containing higher dissolved-solids concentration.

Ciround-Water Quality 13

]

~,, ·I···· .

l

[cylen~ Me Peeks - U.S Geological Survey Rpt.. 96-4063. til

Constituents that included chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations, and temperature, pH, and specific conductance nieasurements were used as precursors to evaluate lateral seawater intrusion from the Gulf of Mexico and upconing of saline water from the UFA into the !AS. In order to characterize the ground-water quality in southwest Sarasota County between Osprey and Englewood, 96 wells open to the SAS, and-individual permeable zones and confining units of the lAS were sampled from June to November 1993 (fig. 24).

Only water from wells open to discrete permeable zones as defined by this study was sampled. Well records and ground-water quality data for 96 wells (26 SAS, 23 I'Zl, 28 PZ2, and 19 PZ3 wells) are given in table 3. Water samples from 85 of these wells, including five SAS wells drilled by the USGS using a solid-stem auger rig in areas where data were not available, were collected by USGS personneL During the period June to November 1993, the USGS, using pnxluction pumps, water taps, and portable centrifugal and submersible pumps, collected one water sample from each of the 85 wells. Water samples were collected after 2 to 3 casing volumes of water were evacuated and field measurements had stabilized. Field measurements included temperature. pH, and specific conductance. Water samples were then sent to the USGS Water-Quality Laboratory, Ocala, Florida, and analyzed for chloride, sulfate, dissolved solids, and nitrogen. Seleeled water-quality data for samples from 11 wells, qollected and analyzed by private sources, also were evaluated and are given in table 3. The water-quality data were evaluated with respect to secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCL) of the recommended secondary drinking-water regulations (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988) for chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids as follows:

Chloride

Dissolved solids

Sulfate

&econ-,. mulmum contaminant level

250mg/L 500mg/L 250mg/L

Water samples were collected from the lAS at selected intervals of clay within the major permeable zones and from the confining units between major permeable zones at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells (fig. 24). The water samples were

collected from cores dwing drilling of the test wells. The purpose of collecting the samples was to evaluate interstitial water quality in confining material and to demonstrate the capacity of a pore-squeezing apparatus to extrude water from sediments in Florida. The pore-squeezing technique aiul apparatus used in this study were adapted from techniques used in the petroleum industry and described by various investigators including Swarzenski (1959), Lusczynski (1961), Manheim (1966), Manheim and others (1985), Pucci and Owens (1989), and Pucci and others (1992).

The pore-squeezing apparatus used in this study included a stainless-steel hollow cylinder (3 in. in length by 2.5 in. in diameter) with matching piston, seals, gaskets, and a 0.45 Jllll filter. A small sediment sample, about 1.5 in3, was taken from the interior of the unconsolidated core material immediately upon removal from the well bore, inserted into the cylinder, and pressed into the chamber by the piston. A mannally cranked bar-clamp was used to apply the force needed to extrude interstitial water from the core sample in the apparatus into a polyethylene tube or collector syringe. Volumes of water collected from each core sample ranged from 3 to 14 mL. Extraction times ranged from S to SO minutes.

Water samples were analyzed by the USGS Ocala Laboratory for cations, anions, iron, strontium, nitrogen, hardness, specific conductance, pH, and alkalinity. No field measurements were made. Standard laboratory analytical procedures and induced coupled plasma/mass speetrometry methods were used. Water samples were collected from eight core samples at the Carlton Reserve test well and 6 samples at the South Venice test well. Some analyses were not made when limited volumes of sample water were available; laboratory alkalinity and pH measurements were perfonned only on water from the Carlton Reserve test well. Alkalinity concentrations for the South Venice test well were not analyzed by field or laboratory titrations, but were approximated by calculating the difference between cations and anions in milliequivalents per liter and converting to milligrams per liter of calcium carbonate.

Surficial Aquifer System

Most of the 26 SAS wells from which water samples were collected produce water with chloride and sulfate concentrations below U.S. Environmental

14 Hydroo-olagy of the SUrflol• and lnlonnedlate Aquhr ay.t;erM In s.ruata •nd AdJ•cent Countl.., Florida

j

;

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i I

I ey!~r1e_M<;:Peeks- U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif

Protection Agency (USEPA) recommended secondary drinking-water regulations SMCL (figs. 25 and 26). About half the water samples eXceeded the SMCL for dissolved solids: all water samples analyzed except one have dissolved-solids concentrations greater than or equal to 300 mgiL and specific conductances greater thao 500 mg!L (fig. 27). Nitrogen 'concentrations were also analyzed in water from wells open to the SAS. Nitrogen (NOz+N03) concentrations from most samples were less than the detection limit of laboratory analytical equipment (less than 0.02 mg!L). The pH of SAS water ranged from 4.8 to 8.9. Water in the SAS is usually acidic due to contact with carbon dioxide in the air and sediments; however, some SAS water is alkaline because of dissolution of accessory shell and calcium materials. Temperatures of the water samples ranged from 23.6 to 32.4°C.

Wells within 2 mi of coastal or estuarine environments have concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids that approach or exceed the USEPA recommended secondary drinking-water regulations. Water from wells in the study area more than 2 mi from coastal or estuarine environments usually had chloride and sulfate concentrations within the recommended limits. Water samples from the SAS in the central region of the water-quality study area had dissolved-solids concentrations less than 500 mg/L. The dissolved-solids concentrations greater than 500 mg/L that were detected more than 2 mi inland were in an area centered around major pumping centers that include the Englewood Water District, Plantation Utility, and the City of Venice well fields (fig. 27). Coastal aod estuarine areas occasiooally are subjected to short durations of flooding by high tides that result in inundation by sea water with high dissolved-solids concentrations. Inlets, creeks, and canals allow further contamination by seawater into areas beyond coastal margins. Chloride concentrations on some barrier islands such as at the CaspersOn Beach well (fig. 25; index no. 10) may be less thao expected due to local recl>arge. Detectable nitrite plua nitrate nitrogen concentrations (0.09 to 0.85 mgJL. table 3) in water from four wells may be due to fertilizers in inland areas, or natural concentration levels in coastal areas.

Intermediate Aquifer System

Ground water from wells tapping all permeable zones of the lAS is predominately calcium

bicarbonate, calcium sulfate, or sodium chloride type (Hutchinson, 1992), although water of other types exists in the study area. Water from the lAS is slightly saline with chloride and dissolved-solids concentrations generally increasing with depth. Water in the lAS in most parts of the water-quality study area is not suitable for drinking without treatment because the water exceeds the SMCL for dissolved solids (USEPA, 1988).

Permeable Zone 1

Twenty-three wells open to PZl were sampled during the study (table 3). The distribution of chloride, sulfate and dissolved-solids concentrations, and specific conductance measurements in PZl are shown in figures 29-32. Chloride concentrations ranged from 45 to 1,520 mg/L. Sulfate concentrations ranged from less than 0.2 to 1,200 mg/L. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 431 to 3,410 mg/L. Temperatures ranged from 23.6 to 28.1 °C. The pH raoged from 6.6 to 7 .8. Specific conductances ranged from 674 to 5,250 VS/cm. Chloride conoentrations exceeded USEPA regulations at five wells (index nos. 103, 107, 164, 168, and 169), sulfate at five wells (index nos. 90, 93, 164, 176, and 183), and dissolved solids for all wells except for three wells (index nos. 97, 105, and 188).

Wells at or near coastal and estuarine environments and major pumping centers generally produce water that exceeds USEPA regulations for chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids (figs. 29-31). Water from PZl wells within 2 mi of coastal and estuarine environments usually exceeded USEPA regulations for chloride and sulfate; wells within 5 mi had dissolved-solids concentrations greater than 500 mg!L. Water from PZl wells that were 2 mi or more from coastal and estuarine environments had specific conductance measurements that were less than 1,000 V.Sicm; some of the highest specific conductance measurements (table 3) were in water from wells at or near coastal or estuarine environments (fig. 32).

Chloride. sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations have been determined for water samples from welll64 (EWD EPZ 9) since 1987 (fig. 41). Although a variety of sampling techniques have been used by the Englewood Water District personnel over the years. the effects of varying pumping rates are also apparent. Concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids are relatively

Ground-Water Ou•lty 15

1

stable when pumping rates are low, but increase during periods of increased pumping (Roger Quick. the Englewood Water District, Oral commun., 1993), such as in 1991. Water from the area around the EWD well field generally exceeds the USEPA regulations for chloride and dissolved solids (figs. 29 and 31). In the area of the Englewood Water District well fields, high chloride and sulfate concentrations probably result from a combination of lateral seawater intrusion and upconing of saline water from deeper permeable zones.

High chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water from an area centered at the Venice well field could be related to lateral seawater intrusion induced by pumping. Pumping from PZ2 and PZ3 in the Venice well field (table 3) may also cause upconing of saline water that migrates into PZl because of an upward hydraulic gradient

Permeable Zone 2

Moat of the 28 PZ2 wells evaluated and sampled are in the northern half of the study area; few wells open to PZ2 were available in the southern half of the area. Chloride concentrations in water from these wells ranged from 48 to 4,920 mg/L. Sulfate concentrations ranged from 16 to 1,600 mg/L. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 316 to 10,300 mg/L. Temperatures ranged from 24.4 to 27.5 •c. The pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.7. Specific conductances ranged from 515 to 15,100 !15/cm. Chloride concentrations exceeded USEPA regulations at five wells (index nos. 56, 74, 108, 192, and 194, table 3 and fig. 33), for sulfate from all except 9 wells (index nos. 70, 97, 146, 158, 182, 185, 187, 197, and 221, table 3, and fig. 33), and for dissolved. solids from all except 3 wells (index nos. 182, 185, and 193, table 3, and fig. 34).

Concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids generally are highest along the coast and at major pumping centen (figs. 33·35). Lateral intrusion of seawater probably takes place in coastal regions. Wells located more than 2 mi from coastal or estuarine environments generally have concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids less than USEPA regulations. Maps showing conoen1rations of water-quality parameters indicate upconing of saline water from PZ3 in the Venice well field.

High concentrations of dissolved solids in inland areas is due to the interchange of water among several permeable zones through multiple-zone wells.

Water from many multiple-zone wells in the study area can have local or regional effects on water quality. An example of possible local effect is water from wel174 (table 3 and figs. 33-35) which had higher than expected concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids, and high specific conductance. A well with high dissolved-solids concentration, about 400ft away from well 74, may be open to PZ2 and deeper permeable zones, thus allowing saline water to enter PZ2 and into well 74.

Water quality at some pumping centers can fluctuate widely due to changes in withdrawal rates from the pumping wells. Long-term concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids in water from three wells open to PZ2 are shown in figures 42-44. Well locations are shown in fig. 24. Increases in concentrations of chloride. sulfate, or dissolved-solids concentration in water from Venice Gardens (VG 9) and Plantation MW4 coincided with increases in pumping rates on one or more occasions. Data from VG 9 (index no. 185, figs. 33·35) and MW4 (index no. 182, figs. 33·35) indicate that water-quality changes in inbmd areas probably are the result of upconing of saline water from deeper aquifer units. At the Southbay lftility well PZ2 (fig. 44) both lateral seawater intrusion and upconing probably are occurring due to elevated wncentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved oolids.

Permeable Zone 3

Nineteen wells tapping PZ3 were sampled in the northern half of the study area. Wells in the waterquality study area used for public supply commonly are not completed in PZ3, except for those wells used for reverse-osmosis treatment and agricultural irrigation, because the water has high concentrations of sulfate and dissolved oolids. Chloride concentrations ranged from 33 to 4,200 mgiL. Sulfate concen1rations ranged from 388 to 2,500 mg/L. Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 1,120 to 7,700 mgiL. Temperatures ranged from 25.6 to 28.40C. The pH ranged from 6.4 to 7 .5. Specific cenductances ranged from 1,347 to 10,370 flS/cm. Chloride concentrations in water samples exceeded USEPA regulations for drinking water for all except six wells (index nos. 109, 112, 114, 123, 124, and 308, table 3 and fig. 37). Sulfate and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from an the wells exceeded the standards.

16 Hydrogeology of the Suri'kliiiiMd lntermed .... Aquifer ay._,.,.ln Saruotli and Ad)Mient Countle-. Florida

I • '

Page22 .. l

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Water with the highest concentrations of chloride and dissolved solids was generally from wells in the southern part of the study area (figs. 37 aud 39). However, sulfate concentrations were much lower in the southern part of the area Specific conductance ' measurements of more than 2,000 J.LS/cm were common in water from wells in the study area (fig. 40); the distribution of specific conductance followed the same pattern as concentrations of dissolved solids.

Water in PZ3 has naturally higher concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids than water in PZl and PZ2 in the study area. Pumping from PZ3 causes lateral seawater intrusion in coastal regions and upconing from the UFA, resulting in increased mineral concentration. Plots of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved·solids concentration from 1983 to 1994 for water from four wells open to PZ3 are shown in figures 45~48. In southern Sarasota County, chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from EWD RO Production well1 (index no. 147 in table 3 and figs. 37-39) generally increased from 1983 to 1993. Pumpage from PZ3 at the Englewood Water District well field 4 increased from about585 Mgalld in 1983 to about 1,358 Mgal/d in 1993 (a 132-percent increase). The increases in chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations at the Englewood Water District RO Production well1 in late 1992 aud early !993 ""'probably due to a pumpage increase at the Englewood Water District well field 4 from 1.4 ,Mgal/d in September 1992 to 1.9 MgaUd in January !993 (EWD data files). Monthly fluctuations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from Plantation MW3 (fig. 46), Sarasota County Utilities PZ3 (fig. 47), and Soutbbay Utilities PZ3 (fig. 48) are similar to concentration changes in water from well EWD RO 1 (fig. 45) and probably are related to changes in pumping rates.

carlton Reserve and South Venice Tnt Wella

Comparisons were made between chloride. sulfate, and specific conductance data for water samples from the lAS at different intervals in each borehole (figs. 49 aud 50). Major-ion diagrams for water samples from the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells are shown in figure 51 and the data are shown in table 4.

Water from the lAS at the Carlton Reserve test well is a calcium bicarbonate type in the upper confi.n-

ing unit through the upper part of penneable zone 2, a magnesium bicarbonate type in the lower part of permeable zone 2, and a calcium sulfate type in permeable zone 3 through the lower confining unit (:fig. 51). Water from the lAS at the South Venice test well is a calcium bicarbonate type in the upper confining unit between permeable zones 2 and 3, a sodium-magnesium chloride-bicarbonate type in the lower part of the confining unit between permeable zones 2 and3, and a calcium sulfate type in penneable zone 3 (:fig. 51).

Chloride, sulfate, and hardness concentrations, and specific-conductance values generally increased with depth in the !AS at both test wells (table 4 aud figs. 49-51). At both test wells, chloride concentrations were below the USEPA SMCL in all evaluated hydrogeologic units of the lAS. Whereas most sulfate concentrations were below the SMCL in PZ2 and upper zones at both test wells, sulfate concentrations of 270 aud 280 mgiL were detected in water from the Venice Clay at the Carlton Reserve test well. The highest sulfate concentrations at both test wells were detected in water at depths below PZ2. The higher chloride, sulfate, and hardness concentrations, and specific conductance in the lower penneable zones can be attributed to upward ground-water flow from the UFA at both test wells, and also to lateral flow due to proximity to the Gulf of Mexico at the South Venice test well. Specific conductance measurements ranged between 920 and 2,120 J.IS!cm at the Carlton Reserve test well and 550 aud 2,080 ).lS/cm at the South Venice test well; the highest specific conductance measurements were in water from PZ3 at both test wells (table 4 aud figs. 49-51 ). Generally, the water is slightly acidic or slightly alkaJinc at the Carlton Reserve test well and pH ranged from 6.3 to 7 .9. Iron concentrations were usually less than the USEPA SMCL (0.3 mg!L) at both test wells, but were 1.1 mgiL in permeable zone 2 and 0.4 mgiL in the lower confining unit at the Carlton Reserve test well. Strontium concentrations, ranging from 1,200 to 14,000 11g1L at the Carlton Reserve test well, aud 620 to 13,000 l!g/L at the South Venice test well, increased with depth, but some exceptions were detected. Nitrite plus nitrate showed no discernible trend with depth; concentrations as nitrogen ranged from 0.14 to 2.8 mgiL at the Carlton Reserve test well and less thau 0.02 to 0.42 mgiL at the South Venice test well, and were always below the USEPA SMCL (10 mg/L).

The chemical composition of water samples from various depths in lhe two test wells was also com-

Pase231

I i_· -

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pared to the composition of water from other wells ta_p-. ping the same hydrogeologic units. Although the Carlton Reserve test well is slightly east of the waterquality study area (fig. 24), chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values for water from the Carlton Reserve test well were similar to or slightly lower than the values for water from well70 inPZ2 and wells 114 and 124 in PZ3 (tables 3 and 4). Chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values at the South Venice test well were similar or slightly lower than values for regional PZI and PZ3 water (tables 3 and 4).

GROUND-WATER FLOW

Ground-water flow, described for the lAS in the study area, occurs under confined conditions. Horizontal ground-water flow through the !AS in the study area is generally from northeast to southwest, as indicated in the composite potentiometric surface maps in May and September 1993 (fig. 52). Data used to define head altitudes on the potentiometric maps were from wells open to all or only parts of the lAS. The seasonal low (May) and high (September) waterlevel periods, typical for the study area are also sho~ in figure 52. The potentiometric surface ftuctuates in response to hydraulic characteristics of the sediments, rechaxge, dischaxge, and pumping stresses. A recharge area can be defined as that part of a ground-water flow system that has downward head gradients, whereas a discharge area has upward head gradients. A twodimensional conCeptual model of the flow system, shown in figure 53, represents a discharge area of the lAS in southwest Sarasota County. All lAS confining units in the study area allow verticalleakance. Most of the study area is in the discharge area of the lAS. Some parts of the study area in Manatee, Hardee, and De Soto Counties may be recharge or intermittent discharge areas of the lAS.

The !AS has vertical grouud-water fiow in the study area. An upward flow in the major permeable zones of the lAS results in hydraulic heads that generally increase with depth in the study area. The general head relation between the SAS, !AS, and UFA at ROMP 1R 5·2 in Sarasota County is shown in figure 54. Head data from the wells shown in figures 2-4 indicate a gradual head increase in the !AS with depth, and so-. significant head increases occur when major permeable zones are penetrated during drilling. Water-level relations betweeo the SAS, major permeable zones of the lAS, and the UFA are not

completely understood in the study area due to insufficient head data for discrete penneable zones of the lAS.

Water withdrawn from the lAS Will probably result in changes in the chemical composition and availability of the grouud water. The ability of groundwater managers to detect these changes can be enhanced by the use of numerical models. Conceptual ground-water fiow models, used to design numerical models, may sometimes use simplified assumptions about the hydrogeology. U the hydrogeology is complex, as in the case of the lAS in the study area, more complex assumptions should be employed. The following assumptions should be considered when numerical models are used to evaluate ground-water :Bow of the lAS in the study area: I. The !AS is heterogeocous. Although this study

shows that a broad range of hydraulic properties exist for major penneable zones of the lAS, values reported by this and previous reports appear reasouahle and could he used for modeling purposes.

2. Two or three major permeable zones of the lAS exist in the study area. The lAS should be evaluated as a multilayer :Bow system.

3. Permeable zones 1 and 2 are only several tens of feet thick in some areas; thus, pumping may have a greater effect on water-level drawdowns in these areas. Models should be designed that consider the effects of ground-water withdrawals from major pumping centers that withdraw 50,000 gaVd or more.

4. Major permeable zones of the lAS have unique water chemistry. Different concentrations of dissolved solids in the zones are important if particle-tracking simulations are performed.

5. Adequate head data of major permeable zones of the lAS are lacking in the study area because of nonuniform distribution of monitor wells. Observation wells outside the study area also are needed for the collection of head data. Head data are necessary for evaluating model assumptions. boundary conditions, water budgets, and groundwater :ftuxes in and out of the aquifer units.

SUMMARY

Demand for grouud water for public, industrial, agricultural irrigation. and domestic use has intensified the need to uuderstand the hydrogeology of the

18 Hydrogeology of the SUrftclal Md lntllrmed.._ Aquifer Syatema In SarMOIII Md AdJacent Countilla, Florida

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INTERMBDJATE AQUIFBR SYSTEM PERMEABLE ZONE I

CONPI:NINO UNIT+ VENICE CLAY

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INTERMBDIATB AQUIFER SYSTEM

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Summary 18

1;, J:

I •

surficial and the intermediate aquifer systems in southwest Florida. The surficial, intennediate, and Upper Floridan aquifers are the milin aquifer systems in Sarasota County and neighboring counties. ln southern Sarasota County and counties to the south, limited supplies of potable water can be pumped from the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems.

An investigation was conducted in southwest Florida from 1991 to 1995 to evaluate the hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer system and the major permeable zones and confining units of the intermediate aquifer system in a 1,400-square-mile area that includes Sarasota County and parts of Manatee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee Counties. Lithologic, ge<r physical, hydraulic property, and water-level data from 61 wells were used to correlate the hydrogeology and map the extent of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems in the study area. In southwest Sarasota County, water chemistry was evaluated to detennine salinity or saline character of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems. Furthennore,. ground-waterflow within the major permeable zones of the intermediate aquifer system was described.

The surficial aquifer is an unconfined aquifer system that overlies the intermediate aquifer system and ranges from a few feet to over 60 feet in thickness in the study area. Pliocene and younger surficial aquifer system sediments are composed mainly. of unconsolidated clastics and carbonates. Hydraulic properties of the surficial aquifer system determined from aquifer and laboratory tests, and model simulations vary considerably across the study area.

The intermediate aquifer system is a series of Pleistocene to Oligocene age sediments composed of fossiliferous limestone and dolostone, quartz and phosphatic sand, clayey sand, clay, sandy clay, and chert. The intermediate aquifer system., a confined aquifer system that lies between the surficial and the Upper Floridan aquifers, is composed of alternating confining units and permeable zones. The intermediate aquifer system, a complex heterogeneous system, has three major permeable zones that exhibit a wide range of hydraulic properties.

The surficial aquifer system and major permeable zones of the intermediate aquifer system have distinct water-quality characteristics that range naturally from fresh in the surficial aquifer system and upper permeable zones of the intermediate aquifer system to moderately saline in the lower permeable zone. Waterquality data collected in coastal southwest Sarasota

County indicate that ground-water withdrawals from major pumping centers have caused lateral seawater intrusion and upconing into the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems.

Water-level data indicate that horizontal flow in the intermediate aquifer system is northeast to southwest. Most of the study area is in a discharge area of the intermediate aquifer system. Data from this study indicate an upward heatl gradient in the intermediate aquifer system, where heads increase with depth.

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--1980, Drilling and testing of wells for reverse osmosis water supply: Englewood Water District: Consultant's report in the files of the Englewood Water District, Sarasota County, Florida.

--1988, Drilling and testing of the deep injection well system at North Port Charlotte, Florida: Consultant's report to the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, file no. FC15920.C2.

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20 Hydrogeology af the Surficial ancllrd81"1Mdl ... Aquifer Syat.ma In s.ruotli •nd AdJac:.nt CountJ .. , Florict.

-:· ··.•

r'·'''""''"" r···· I

i !

t ;

h·'''*· I ••

I

I

r~~tleneMc~- us <3eolo9ical surveyRpt. 96-4663 tit

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Select.d Refenncn 21

I Cylene McPeeks - u s Geological survey Rpt 96-4063.tif

Pucci, A.A., Ehlke, T.A., and ·owens, J.P., 1992, Confining unit effects on water quality in the New Jersey Coastal Plain: Ground Water, May-June 1992, v. 30, no. 3, p. 415-427.

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White, W.A., 1970, The geomorphology of the Florida Peninsula: Florida Bureau of Geology Bulletin 51, 164p.

Wingard, G.L., SUgarman. P J., Edwards, L.E., McCartan, L.E., and Feigenson, M.D., 1993, Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the area between Sarasota and Lake Okeechobee, southern Florida: An integrated approach: Geological Society of America, Abstracts with programs, v. 25, no. 4, 78 p.

Wmgard, G.L., Weedman, S.D., Scott, T.M., Edwards, L.E., and Green, R.C., 1995, Preliminary analysis of integrated stratigraphic data from the South Venice corehole, Sarasota County, Florida: U.S. Geological Open-File Roport 95-3, 129 p.

Wolansky, R.M., 1978, Feasibility of water-supply development from the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 78-26, 34 p.

--1983, Hydrogeology of the Sarasota-Port Charlotte area, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4089, 48 p.

Wolansky, R.M., and Corral, M.A., 1985, Aquifet tests in west-central Florida, 1952-76: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 844044, 127p.

22 Hydrogeology of lhiiSurtlcill .,d lntermedlale AquW.r SystarM In Satnota and AdJacent CounUea, Florldli

i. •

F>agezai

I Cylene McPeeks -U SGeolo9ical Survey Rpt 96-4063. til

-------------------------------t-------------------

26"30'

0

I

MANA lEE COUNTY

HARDEE COUNlY

---"\"'~;;;;;.--.!'ow, 13727 G'

A

EXPLANATlON ~~a 0

A-A' HYDROGEOLOGIC SECTION UNE ~ ~ 0

'IR 3-3 WELL AND NM1E ~

ql-~---'-'~__.!11p MIL£8 ~

0 5 10 Kll.OMETERS

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albers Equal-area Conic projection Standard Parallelt 29D30' and 4S030', central meridian -83W

DE SOTO COUNTY

H'

W-588.5

J'

"'"' CHARLOTTE

COUNTY

Figure 8. Location of hydrogeologic sections In the study area.

Flgur.. 23

Pa9e29l

1,;;:,:'!;!',!!!

i

lcyien~-r.1~Peeks -.u SGeological surveyHpt 96-4063.tif

FEET 100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

400

soo

BOO

700

800

A

., " :0

'" w z

~ " ~

" ;;; 0

~ ~

~ ., g,8 w ;j ~~;! e ~ 'I ~iii ~ ~ ~!.,

Ill Surficial aquifer system

tntermeclate aquifer system

0 Confining lA"'It

• Venice Clay

• Permeable zone 1

• Penneablezone 2

• Permeable zona 3

II Upper Floridan aquHer • - - Estimated

" ~ :0

[" .. ~

o! ~ "' ;;: "' ! ~ :0 ~ g e m ~ ~ ~ ~

~

" ~

VERnCAL SCALE GREATlY EXAGGERATED

EXPLANATION

Data used for Interpretation:

(1) Uthologlc log

(2) Garrwna log (3) Eleclric log (4) Head

~ A'

" ~-m g,

g,S ~ ~lg ~I§ ~ " ' ~~~~

!I~ :0

< a ....

~ ~ 1!!

0 5 10 MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

Figure 7. Hydrogeologic section A-A: In southwest Florida. (Una of section is shown In figure 6.)

24 Hydi'Ogllology of the Surficial and lnlltrmedlate Aquifer Sy-.na In Blil'li*Ota Mel Adf~~eent Countin, Florida

'<1,::

,. ' I

B B'

" " ~ ~ £ " ± "

::.

a ::. z ~ 'l ;;: ~ i :;: z l ;; ;;: £ 0

z ti w ~ g " 0

~ " w

~ z ·g ~ ,.. 'r !!1.

" § 8~ tl !l! ,;

~ ~ ~

" "'"' ~ " z

II I !!1. z o; !!1.

~ !!1. g N

w m ~ " ~

~

I< ~ ~ z

~ ~

"' 10 ~ ~ :0 FEET ~ " .. 100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

I 400 -500

i .. '

600

700

I 0 5 10 MILES

EXPLANATION 0 5 1 0 KILOMETERS j?' IJJI Surficial aquHer system Data UHd for interpretation: I ,,,, lntannedlate aquifer II)'Stem (1) U1hologlc log ,.,.

D (2) Ganvna log

Confining unit (3)El-log • Venice Clay (4)Head

• Permeabla zone 1



Ill Upper Floridan aquhr

--- ... _ ... Figure 8. Hydrogeologic section B-B' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.)

' ; '

I ..

Figure• 25

c §:

~ ~ " 'I

f "' "' [ z

~ Q

" t; i " "' w §: z w £ . ~ z Q !2

~ t; ~ a z ·18 z w "'

og, Q z

Ul i !2 !2 ii'

~ a:

N

I ::>

N N

~ ~ .. ;:; "' a: lf "' !: a: ..

c•

100 ( SEA

LEVEL

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

BOO VEAnCALSCALEGREATlYEXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES

Ill Surficial aquifer system

Intermediate aquifer aystem

D Confining unit

• Venice Clay




• Upper Aorldan aquifer Estimated

EXPLANATION 1---~----'

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

Data used for Interpretation:

(1) Lithologic log

(2) Gamma log (3)Eiectrlclog

(4) Heed

Figure 9. Hydrogeologic secUon C-C' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.)

26 Hydrogeology of th• Surflolal and lntermedlale Aquifer Syatam•ln su .. ota and Adjacent Countie., Florldll

I.

~ I !

[cyieneMcPeeks - us. Geologic~! Survey Rpt.. 96-4063. til

100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

400

500

800

700

BOO

D

'" "' ~ w

~ "' ij"~

xt; ~ »l z-§

~

~ Ill fl

~ ""~

I ~ ~ b

• surficial aquifer system

lntermedla18 aquifer system

D Coofining unit

• Venice Clay

• PermB8blezone 1

• Permoablezone 2


• Upper Floridan aquifer - - - Estimated

" ,;_

~ ~

~ t; =- !! ~ ~ ~ ::0 ~ 5!

EXPLANATION

8: ~;8

t !g lw :o

~ E " 6

~ ~

z § !! ~ 2

Data uaed for Interpretation:

(1) Uthologlc log

(2) Gamma log (3) Eleclric log

(4) Head

Figure 10. Hydrogeologic section 0.0' In southwest Florida. (Line of section is shown ln figure 6.)

D'

" =-~

"' ,_

'I •

I Flguru

E

~ ;;: !! ;;: ~ ~

!! ~ 0 z Q z

~ § t; ~ l!l. "'

~ :::. l!l. "' ~ ~ ~

w !!: !!: "' FEET .. " 100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

400 VEA.TICAL SCALE OREATL Y EXAGGERATED

0

Ill Surficial aquifer syatem

Intermediate aquifer system

0 Confining unit

• Vank:o Clay



1111 Upper Rorldan -r • - - Estimated

EXPlANATION 0

E'

~

"' :::. :::. ~ ~ 0

g Q z

~ s (} w

!!!. !!!. N gj

~ .. " 5!

5 10 MILES

5 10 KILOMETERS

Data used lor Interpretation:

(1) Lllhologlc log

(21 Gamma log (3)E-.:Iog

(4) Head

Figure 11. Hydrogeologic section E·E' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.)

~ ~

[S:yiene r'll~£'~eks_~~u s Geologicai .. Survey Rpt 9s-4063.tif

F p

~ :; "! "' :::.

"' :::. ~

3 c :::. ;;: 0

l ., ~ .. z

i!i ~

i!i § §: .:g w § !rl

w :1: 8iw e w e 0 li§ ;;; e :::. e ~ z

~ N

~ :z ~ i!l; ~

li' w "' a: a: i'i ':!: 0 ... ... "' !o a:

VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED O

EXPLANATION 5 10 MILES

flfl Surficial aquifer system

lntennedlate aquifer system

D Confining unit

• Ven.,.Ciay

• Permeable zone ~



• Upper Floridan aquifer • - - EaUma1ed

0 • Data used lor Interpretation: (1) Uthologlc log

(2) Gamma log

(3) Electr1c log (4) Head

10 KILOMETERS

Figure 12. Hydrogeologic section F~P in southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown in figure 6.)

Figures 28

• !

1

, Cylene McF'eel<s -lJ SGeological Survey Rpf. 96~663.tif

G ;;: G'

2 ;;: ~

'1: " c

z c ~ "' Q z

"- ~ ~ ~

iii' '! < .. !!!. z z ~ !!!. Q Q <li r t; ~ ~

~ 8'. !f rd. !\: " !!!. ~18

~ "' "- a: blw "-!ii

~ ~ I "-

~ .. ~~~ ~ ! " ~~ ~

~ ~ ::> ~ !I' a:

VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED

EXPLANATION 0

0

5 10 MILES

5 10 KILOMETERS

• SUrficial aquifer syatem

Intermediate aquifer ayatem

0 Confining unH

• Venice Clay

• Penneablezone 1 ............ """' . • Pennaablezona3

• Uppa• Flooldan aqu,_ · - - Estimated

Cata used tor lntarpretaUon:

(1)~1og

(2) Gamma log

(3) Eleclrio log

(4) Head

Figure 13. Hydrogeologic eectlon G..Q' In southwest Florida. (Une of section'' shown In figure 6.)

30 Hydrogeology of lhll SurfloiaJ .nc:llnaermed'-te Aquifer ay.tems In Saruotll and AdjiiCIInt CounUH, Fkttldll

I·· I !

H ; ~ " @: ., .. .. g i § ~

z il § w ~ !rl ; ~ "' ~ w w

"' ~ ·~ ~ !2 w z "' "' "' "' w !5 z " 3J i5 g ., ~ w ! w w

~ 0

§ 0

"'

.VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED

aJ SUrficial aquifer system


0 Confining unlt

• Venice Clay




B Upper Aorldan ~Her ·-- Estimated

EXPLANATION

H'

" N

~

~

~ ~ ~ >::. 0 ::

~ .. "' 0

"'

0 f.--.,---'5--,--_.:.;10 MILES

0 • 10 KILOMETERS

Data used for interpretation:

(1) l.J1holo<jc log

(2) Gamma log

(3)Eiectriclog

(4)Heod

Figure 14. Hydrogeologic section H-H' in southwest Florida. (Una of section Is shown In figure 6.)

I CyleneMcPeek~:_.~.s Geological surveY:Rf>i. 96-4663t.it

"' '<: ::. "'- .. "' ..

"' l z ::. 0

~ 9 z ~ 0 i. 0 z ··8 " ~ ~gw <J w

-li§ !!!. Oi N .. .. "' :!! I= ~ ~~0 FEET

( 100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

.... 500

800

700

EXPLANATION

II Surficial aquifer system


0 Cooflnlng unit

• llenlceCJay

• Pe........,zone,


• PermeableZ<Xle3

IIIII Upper Floridan aquifer • - - E8tlmated

I'

~ ::. q " z §g:. ~~:8 ::. 5:!g:g 12 a.~:!Jl 115 :w q; a::o.o .. (

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

Data l.l88d for Interpretation: (1) Lllhologlclog

(2) Gamma log

(3)Eioetllclog

(4)-

Figure 15. Hydrogeologic section 1-1' in southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.)

32 Hydrogeology of the Burflclal•nd lntwmeclr.t. Aquifer Sy-.n. In S..sota and Adf.cent Counties, Florida

'

~~·· ' '

i ~-' ! i ;

I cy1ene Me Peeks :-u.s Geological survey R.pt 96-4663. tit

J

'< "' "' ~ ~ ~ g "' z z 0

~ 0

~ !; w

!2 "' !2 ::! ;;; ;;; a: a: I!' FEET >- >-

100

SEA LEVEL

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

600 VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED

~~~ SurfiCial aquifer system

lntenned"iate aquifer system

0 Confining unit

• Venice Clay . ......_.....,., • Permeable zone 2

• Pennaablezone 3

IIIII u..,.. Flo'clan aqulfe< • - - Estimated

EXPLANATION

J'

" oi ~

~ ~ !; "! w "' a !2

! !::; ::1 §! :;!

0 5 10 MILES I--.--'-~---' 0 5 10 KILOMETERS

Data used for Interpretation: (1) U1hoJoglc lag

(2) Gamma log

(3) Elaclr1c lag

(4)-d

Figure 18. Hydrogeologic sec:tlon J-J' In southwest Rortda. (Une of section Is shown in figure 6.)

Figura 33

i

I !

-

27'00'

26"30'

-------------------------------t-------------------

-30··

~ 0 •

EXPLANATION

GENEFW.JZEO UNE OF EQUAL 1HICKNESS OF lHE SURACIAL AQUIFER SYSlEM··Im&Nalla 10 feet. Dashed '6hen!l approximate. HachunNI Indicate thinner beds

5 10 MILES

10 KIWMElERS

Base from U.S. Geological Surwy digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albers Equal-area Conic projection Standard Parallals29"30' and 45"30', central meridian ·83000'

1

HARDEE COUNlY

L---·--------J·-·---0

I

DE SOlO COUNTY

CHARLOTTE COUNTY

Figure 17. Generalized thickness of the surficial aquifer system In southwest Florida.

34 Hydrogeology of the SUrfldlillndlntermedlate Aquifer Systems In Saruota .nd Adjacenl Countin:, Florida

'.

• I I

~ 1

.. ,.

:-'-'_

'

··Pae4b.il ........ \L ........... .

I, Cylene McPeeks -U.S GeologicalSurveyRpl.96-4063tif

-------------------------------t-------------------

HARDEE COUNTY

I ' I

L------------~------, I

I

I

I ------------.1

~0~ EXPLANATION

~<1""0 -.sao- GENERAUZED UNE OF EQUAL

AL.TTTUDE OF THE BASE OF TilE INlERMEDIAlE PQUIFEA SYSTEM- 0 In feet belOW sea. lew!. lnt&MIII '\:> Is 100 1eet

0

! DE 8010 COUNTY I

0

CHARLDTIE COUNlY

LEECOUNlY

~'---"~,..,.::-:"10 MILES 0 5 10 KILOME1CAS

~ Base from U.S. Geological Burwy digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Alber. Equal ... rea Conic projecHon Standald Parallela29"30' and~. centr&l merfdlan -83-oo'

Figura 18. Generalized aiUtude of the base of the Intermediate aquifer system In southwest Florida.

Flgurw 35

I CyleneMcPee~~:.Us(oeologicaiSurvey Rpt 96-4b63.tif ..

27"00'

26"30'

MANA lEE COUN"TY

EX PLANA ilON

-30- GENERAUZEDUNEOFEQU.tl. lHJCKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 1 OF lHE INlERMEDIAlE AQUIFER SYSTEM-InteNalla 10 feet The zeiO-foot line l&j)r88Einla the extant of the t.Wllt HachuntS Indicate thinner bade

q 5 10MILES

0 5 10 KILOMElERS

central meridian -83W

HARDEE COUN"TY

L------------~------, ! I ' I I

'~'" ···- < ! DE SOlO COUN"TY I

!

Figure 19. Generalized thickn888 and extent of permeable zone 1 of the lntennedlate aquifer system In southwest Florida.

Page42jl

1 •••• r······ I

I I

cyiene fv1~.eeks - u.s Geologicalsurv~x_ Rpt 96-4063.tif

27"00'

26"30'

82"1!1'

,------------------------------t-------------------

MANA lEE COUNTY <@

EXPLANATION ~a~ -eo- GENERALJZEO UNE OF EQUAL THICKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 2 OF lHE IN1ERMEDIA1E ~ ,«QUIFER SYS1EM-In1ervals are 20, 40, and 60 1eet. Hachuras Indicate

Q

HARDEE COUNTY

~------------J·-----0

I

I

DE SOTO COUNTY

'Co CHARLOTIE

COUNlY

thinner beds

~ q 5 10 MILES

0 5 10 KILOMETERS

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Alben~ Equal-area Conk: projection Standan:l Parallele 29•30' and~. central mer1dlan -83"00'

Figure 20. Generalized thickness of permeable zone 2 of the intermediate aquifer system In southwest Florida.

Flgu.... 37

··Page43l

f .. !

ldylene McPeeks-u.s Geological surveyRpt9~jo63.tit· ...•.

21"00'

26"30'

MANA lEE COUNTY

EXPLANATION

-200 - GENERAI.JZEO UNE OF EQUAL 'THICKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 3 OF THE INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SVSTEM-InleJVals 1U8 50 and 100 feet. Hachu .. slnclcate thinner beda

9 ~ 10MILES 0 5 10 KILOMETERS

HARDEE COUNlY

L ____________ J __ _

' I I

DE SOTO COUNTY

CHARLOTIE COUNlY

Figure 21. Generalized thickness of penneable zone 3 of the intermediate aquHar system In southwest Florida.

-

i

I

~

I

i;

27"00'

,.., ..

-------------------------------t-------------------

-to-

9 0 5

MANATEE COUNlY

EXPLANAllON

GENER.M.IZED UNE OF EQUAL lHICKNESS OF n-IE \IENICE CLAY-InteNalls tO ieet. The zerotoot Ina repraaents the extent of 1t1e Venice Clay. Hachunta Indicate thinner beds

15 10MILES

10 KILOMETERS

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albera Equal-area Conic piOjecUon Standard Parallels 29"30' and 45"30', central meridian -83"00'

HARDEE COUNlY

I ' ~------------~------

DE SOTO COUNlY

CHARLOTTE COUNlY

Flgure22. Generalized thickness and extent of the Venlce Clay In southwest Florida.

i I

\. f

).

I CyleneMcPeeks- U.S Geological SurveyRpf96-4063,tif.

EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER··

•. Well field or utility

0

0

1:2,000,000, 1972

Figure 23. Major pumping centers In southwest Sarasota County.

f.

• *

EXPLANATION

MAJOR PUMPING CENTER ·- Well field or utllty

TEST WELL

0221

015

WEU. LDCATlONJINDEX NUMBER (as shov.nln table 3)

0201 WELl. TAPPING SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM

WELL TAPPING INTERMEDIATE . AQUIFER SYSTEM:

.6164 PERMEABLE ZONE 1

0 108 PERMEABLE ZONE 2

(> 126 PERMEABLE ZONE 3

0

c/86

cf' o',. , ..

Figure 24. Surficial and Intermediate aquifer system ground-water quality monitor wells In southwest Sarasota County.

Figura 41

'

li·;:,· .·.·,:,.,··,:.;,·.·.·.· .... ,

' i I ' -

I Cylene M~~eel<s-U,s <3eological Survey Rpt e6-4o63.iif

EXPLANA110N

• -250"':"-

olD. Q33

MAJOR PUMPING CENlERWell field orutlllly

UNE OF EQUAL CHLORIDE CONCENTRA T10N- In mlllgrama per titer. Concanlrallon lnterwl variable, Dashed wr. .. 8PJ)IDX!mate. Hachul98 indicate 818U oneaaer value

WELL-- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Is chloride concentration

I

VENICE GARDENS UTIUlY

IIFVI<T:~N Ul1LITY

205 ..

0 5 KILOMETERS

1972

meridian -83W

Figure 25. Chloride concentration In water from wella·open to the surficial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County.

42 Hydrogeology of U. Surficial lind hrttirmed'-te Aquifer Sy1111NM In Saraotll and Adjacent Counties, Florhl•

1

[<::¥!=~~ McPeeks jJS Geolo9ical Survey Rpi. 96-4063.tif

EXPLANATION

• -250 .. ~

"' 0 •

MAJOR PUMPINQ CENTERWell field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL. SULFATE CONCENTRATION·· In milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Duhed where approximate

WELL·· Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number1aaulfate concentration

1 mllf'ldlan -83"00'

Figura 28. Sulfate concentration In water from weBs open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County.

F1gurn 43

f'a9e49JI

EXPLANA"TlON

• -soo~·

~ Q393

MAJOR PUMPING CENlERWell field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-BOUOS CONCENlRAllON--In mllllgrwnt .n" per Nter. Concentration lnte!WI 8,28o variable. Dashed wharv approximate.

WELL- Upper m.mber II Index number In tabla 3; lower /Uf\ber Ia diNOived-aollde concentration

1 I 0 5 KILOMETERS

,1872

1 meridian -83"00'

Figure 27. Dlssolved'"'8olkls concentration in water from walla open to the surficial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County.

44 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntenudl ... Aquifer 8y8tem8 In s.r..ot. and Adjacent Countllla, Florldll

I Cylene Me Peeks- u ~-~~ological sur'Vey Rpt. !l6-4o63, tit

.15_ Q1,460

EXPLANATlON

• ~ oeoe

MAJOR PUMPING CENTERWei field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC CONDUCT}li,ICE-In mlcroeiemens percenllmater. Interval w.rtable. De.ahed vmeta approximate.

WELL-- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Is apecffic cond"Cianco

0

projection I 29"30' and 45"30', central mer1dlan -83"00'

Figure 28. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the aurf'tcial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County.

Flguree 4&

I !'"

[cylene Me Peeks - US Geological Survey Rpt. oo:46siiii

II

-260~-

EXPLANATION

MAJOR PUMPING CENTEFIWell field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL CHI.OAIDE CONCENTRATION-In milligrams par Iller. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate

WELL-- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Is chloride concentration

data,

VENICE GARDENS llllUTY

~~liON"\

Figure 29, Chloride concentration In water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County.

48 Hydrogeology Of U. SUrficial and Intermediate Aqult.r Sptem8 In s.r..ot. and Adjacent Countlu, Florida

]: .. . : . ' ' . ' . ~ " ,:;,.,.:.•'

Cylen~ McPeeks -U.S Geolo(lical SurveyRpt. 96-4063.\if

EXPLANATION

• -250··.

MAJOR PUMPING CENlER~Well field or utility

LINE OF EQUAL SULFATE CONCENTRATION--In milligrams per liter. Concentration lntef\1&1 variable. Daahed whera approximate

WELl·· Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number is sulfate concentration

Figure 30. SuHate concentration In water from wells open to the lntennedlate aquHer system, penneable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County.

Figura 47

• EXPLANAilON

MAJOR PUMPING CENTER-Well field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-SOUOS 2,0iXJ\,..,~ -SOO.. CONCENTRATlON--ln milligrams

· per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Ouhed where approximate

162 WELL-- Upper number Ia Index number t::,.SiS'" In table 3; lower number Is dissolwd

solide concentration

Figure 31. Dissolved-solids concentration In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Saruota County.

48 Hydrogeology of~ Surflcltilend lnt..-medlllte Aquifer SyNmsln Saruota and Adjaoent Countln, Ftorida

I

I··· !

82'"30'

EXPLANATION

• -2,000~!'

MAJOR PUMPING CENTERWell field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE·· In mlcroslemena per centimeter. Dashed ¥1ttere approximate. Hachurea indicate areaa ot leaaer value

WELL- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Ia specific conductance

f

Figure 32. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County.

FIQURIS 41

P_-_a_····g· ··_e_·· __ --_-_5_-·_e_· __ -_:.1 1 gy~e~ne McPeeks -U.SGeologicaiSurveyRpt96-4o63.t~if_~-~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~~-

EXPLANATION

• -250·-


UNE OF EQUAL CHLORIDE CONCENTRATlON-ln milligrams per liter. ConcentratiOn Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. Hachures indicate areas of leaaarvalue

WELL- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Ia chloride concentration

1lll!. 80

0

Figure 33. Chloride conceniratlon In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer syatem, penneable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County.

50 Hydrogeology of the SUrficial and lnterrMdlD Aquifer Systllm~~ln Sllruobl and Adjacent Countle., Florida

!

1 Cylene McPeeks -U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96;406_3~.t~i.f.~-~-~~-~~~~~--~

EXPLANATION

• -250••


UNE OF EQUAL SULFATE CONCENTRAllON-·In mllligrama per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. Hachurea indicate areas of Jesaer value

..l2L WElL-- Upper number Ia Index number 0 360 In table 3; lower number Ia sulfate

concentration

1:2,000,000, 1972

43~, central meridian -83000'

Figure 34. Sulfate concentration In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County.

Flgur.a &1

l'.

i Cylene flll.cPe.eks ~ u:~.~eological Survey Rpt.96--4663.tif

EXPLANATION

• 27"00' - eoo ....

01£

MAJOR PUMPING CENTER-Well field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL DISSOL.VED-SOUDS CONCENTRATION- in milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. Hachuraslncllcate areaa of lesser value

WELL- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Is dlsaolvedsollds concentration

, central meridian ·83"00'

' .~'1,~~00 ~WELLAELD3

'%

Figure 35. Dissolved-solids concentration In wat8r from wells open to the intennedlate aquifer system, penneable zone 2, In southwest Sarasota Cowrty.

52 Hydrogeology of the SurflcJ• end lntenneclate Aquifer Sylde!M In Sai'UCU and Adjactlnt CountJu, Rorlda

···.P ... a e sa .. 'l ... Jl .......... .

II

EXPLANATION

MAJOR PUMPING CENTER·· Well field or utility

27000' LINE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC -1 000 .... CONDUCTANCE-In microalemena

' Per centimeter. Interval variable. Daehed where approximate

...1Q8_ WELL- Upper number Ia Index number D 15,100 In table 3; lower number Is specific

conductance

Figure 36. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the lntennediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, In southwest Sarasota County.

Figures 53

EXPLANATION

• -soo--

.ill._ <> 3,250

MAJOR PUMPING CENTER·Wall field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL CHlORIDE CONCENTRATION-In milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate

WELl.-- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Ia chloride concentraton

0

, central meridian ·83000'

Figura 37. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the lntennedlate aquHer system, permeable zone 3, In southwest Sarasota County.

54 Hydrogeology Of the SUrficial end lnlernwdlate Aqulfw Syllttl.,..ln a.ruot. •nd AdJacent Counliee. FIDridal

I Cylene McF>e.eks -U.-S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063 tif·-·---~~~~~~~~~~~

EXPLANATION

• -1,000-

MAJOR PUMPING CENTERWall field or utility

UNE OF EQUAL SULFATE CONCENTRA110N-In mllllgrama per Utar. Concentration Interval Is 500 milligrams per liter. Dashed wheta approximate

WELl.- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Is sulfate ooncentratlon

0

central meridian ·83W

Figure 38. Sulfate concentration In water from weDs open to the intermediate aquHer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County.

FJguru 55

i Cylene McPeeks =~crs GeoloiJicafsuiveyHpt 96-4063.tif -·· -·-··-· ·-· ·~·-· ·--·--'~~-~-·-·-~-...

EXPLANATION

• MAJOR PUMPING CENTERWell field or utility

27"00' UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-SCUDS -1 OOO.. CONCENTRATION- In milligrams per

' · liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed whe19 approximate

~ WEll..- Upper number Ia Index number 0 7,320 In tabla 3; lower number Is dissolved-solids

concentration

0

I

5 KILOMETERS

'1:2,000,000, 1972

45"30', central meridian -83000'

Figure 39. Oisolved-scMids concentration in water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County.

56 Hydrogeology of the SUrficial and lntltrmedlate Aquifer Syalernt In Sar..m. and Adfeoent Countr.., Aorldll

[cyiene Mcf'eeks -USGeolo9ica1 Survey RJJt.. 96-4063.tif

• EXPLANATION

MAJOR PUMPING CENTERWell tlald or ur\llty

UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC .. CONDUCTANCE·· In microsiamens

--3,000 • ·per centimeter. lntaNal variable. Dashed where approximate

WELL·· Upper number Ia Index number in table 3; lower number Is specific conductanca

ENGLEWOOD DISTRICT WEll. FIELD3

Figure 40. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, In southwest Sarasota County.

Flgurn 57

-. ... '""""!!<'!!!'

[cylene McPeeks: U.s Geological Survey Rpt 96-4063.tif

za: 600 Qw ~t: Bailer used to sample Sampling procedures =ed to clearing casing volume a:-' (p~~~1W7~) (p In 1989)

!zffi 400 Productn rates decteased wa. nwell netd 3 Production rates Increased ow / lnwellflald3 z::;

\ o.,. Oa: 200 WC!J Q3 0:-O::i! -'z 0 "-0 1087 1988 1089 1090 1991 1992 1993

za: 250 ow t=t: tli-' 200

!zffi wa. 100 o"' IS~ 100 OC!J w-t(~ 50 u.::;; -'z iil- 0

1087 1088 1089 1990 1991 1992 1993

a: 1,200

~ ~z~ 1,000

ENGLEWOOD WATER DISTRICT EPZ 9 ~3801 :::::iQw I IN~';\; }f.Q'ABLE 3)

~I- a. c,ili"' 800 DEPTH 70 FEET

!!;!1-::i! 600

J ~ _,~ili

'--J oOC!J 'Vy-wZ::J

........ -----"'8= 400 ~

15 ::;; ~ 200

1967 1988 1989 1900 1991 1992 1993

YEAR

Figure 41. Chloride, sulfate, and dlasolved-eollds concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zona 1, at the Englewood Water District well EPZ 9, 1987·93. (Data coDected by Englewood Water District personnel.)

58 Hydrogeology ol the Surflcbll and IntermediN Aqutfer Sy•IIMn8 In Su..atll and Ad)IICIInt Countlu. Florldll

j

i!ill~

zc: Ow

~~ ,_c: zW w"O<Jl z::; 8~ w£1 Q::l c:o::!1 -'z J:-0

Coli field produotioo

re Increased

,-.--/'

200

150

100

1983 1994 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

120,---~-------r---.----.---~--.----r---.----~--,---·

100

80

eo

40

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

450

400L---~~~--'~--'--~~~--~--~~~~~~~~~ 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1980 1991 1992 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 42. Chloride, suHate, and dissolved-solids concentrations In water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Venice Gardens well field monitor wellS, 1985-90. (Data collected by Venice Gardens personnel.)

Figures 59

Cylene McPeeks ~ U.S G.e.olosical Survey Rpt96-4663.tif.

100,---,---~----.---.---~----.---.---~----r----r---.----.

80

60

40

20

0~--~--~--~--~--~----L---~--~--~----~--~--~ 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

100,---,---~----.---.---~----.---,---~----r----r---.----.

80

60 \ 40

20~--~--~----L---~--~----L---~--~----L---~--~----" 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

800,---,---~----.---,---~----.---,---~----r----r---,----,

500

400

300

PLANTATION MW4

i'J~~,\!,wABLE 3) CASINGBBFE DEPTH 180FE

Wolfla~-uction rates were incrnaed

I

I

200L---L---L---~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~ 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 43. Chloride, sulfate, and dls&otved-aoDcfs concentrations In water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Plantation monitor well MW4, 1987-94. (Data collected by Plantation personnel.)

60 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntermedilte AquHer System. In Saruotll and Aci)Kent Countle•, Florldli

F>a9e66J

@ylene IV1,9Peeks: u .SGeoloQical Survey Rpf96-4063. til Page:6tl

a: w 1- 500

-:J iS a:

400 J w-w c!;(a.. a: a: en 300 o~;:::;; ....IUJ~ :r()t!) 200 <>z-

o:::l <>:E 100

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1868 1869 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ;;; 2,000

\_ Zen Q:::;;a:

~~~~1,500 <.--£LJ ~z-' :l~~ffi 1,000 enz "-

o;;; ()a: 500

~ 1853 1984 1985 1 ... 1987 1868 1859 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

C/) R::J 3,500

9~c: SOUTHBAY UTILITY PZ2

-'-w 3,000 271037082285901

O~o..

~ INDEX NO. 220 (TABLE 3)

en en CASING 60 FEET

~l;:i 2,500 DEPTH 100 FEET

~wa: ~()"' 2,000 -z-eng;;! i5 :::;; 1,500

1853 1984 1985 1 ... 1987 1985 1859 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ;;; YEAR

Figure 44. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolveckolids concentrations in water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, .at the South bay Utility well PZ2, 1983-94. (Data collected by Southbay Utillly personnel.)

Figures 81

[i::ylene~McPeek~ ~ U.s. C3eologicalsur'ley Rpt. 96-4o63.tit

Z~a: 4,000

~~ <2::; !zffi 3,500

w"-()(/) z::; g;:; 3,000

~3 2,500 a:-o::o -'z 2,000 J:-() 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

:ia: 600 0~ ~::; ~:!'=re~~ !zffi 500

w"-()Cil z::; 400

0[2 ()" ~:J 300 <=! ~::; ::>Z 200 "'- 1980 1984 1985 1986 11187 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

~ 9,000

~z-~ s,ooo ENGELW~ODWATER DISTRICT Well fleld P:roducUon -AO PROD I WELl. 1 :JQw ~~47 ABLE3) ratee were lricrused

0>-a. "';:; "' 7,000 TH425 FE c,_~ Wz ~w e,ooo 0~12 .

gJ 0 ::f 5,000 c;O:i!

~ 4,000 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 45. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations In water from lntermecllate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the EWD RO Production well1, 1983-93. (Data collected by Englewood Water District personnel.}

62 Hydrogeology of the Surflct.l and Intermediate Aquifer Sy ... ms In Saruota lind Adjacent CountiN, Floridll

·>

!!!111ffi\!l!lll!

f"cylen"e McPeel<s : u,s Geological surveYRpt. 96-4063.\it

:ia: 800 Qw !;(t:: a:-' !zffi 600 ~-wa. OUl z::; 0< oa:

400 w<!l C::J - ... a:-o::> -'z 200 :I:-0 1983 .... 1988 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

za: 1,800 Q~ ~::J 1,600 ,_a: zw wa. 1,400 QUl z::> 0~ 1,200

~ o<!l w-~~ 1,000

~::; :::>Z 800 (/)-

1983 .... 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 111192 1993 1994

[[ 4,000

~ en -::::; 9t§a: 6J=; ~ 3,000 PLANTATION MW3

\)fvvl) "'~<n 270408082215501

~ INDEX NO. 303 (TABLE 3) c,_::; CASING 245 FEET !i;!Z~ DEPTH 380 FEET _,w 0 0 (.? 2,000 "'z3 ~8:!

~ 1,000 1983 1984 10 .. 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1982 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 48. Chloride, sulfate, and dlssoJved-solids concentrations In water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Plantation monitor wall MW3, 1987-94. (Data collected by Plantation personnel.)

Figures 83

-

@Y1~ne_t>1cPeeks -tis· Geological sur\ley Rpt e6-4o63.tif ·. ·

000.---,---~----r---,---~----r---~--~----.---~

500

400

300

200

100~--~----~----~----~----L---~----~----~----~--~ 1985 1986 1997 1990 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

2,500 .-----.------r----~----~----,----~-------,.-----r-----r-----,

1995 1998

2,000

1,500

1987 1988 1999

SARASOTA ~NTY UTIUTY PZ3

~,~300"~'1 DrnH-330 •• w

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994-

1,000 c_ _ _,_ __ _,__~---'----'---~---'----'--~---' 1985 1985 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 47. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations ln water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Sarasota County Utility weU PZ3, 1985-94. (Data collected by Sarasota County personnel.)

84 Hydrogeology ol the Surficial and Intermediate AquHar Syahlmaln S.raaota and Ad)Kent Countln, Florida

400,---.---~----r----r--~----~---r--~----.---~----r---~

300

200

100L---~--~---L--~----L---~--~---L----~--~--~--_j 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

2~,---~---r--~--~r---r---.----r--~----r---~---r---,

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000 &OL---~--~---L--~----L---~--~---L--~~--~--~--~

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

YEAR

Figure 48. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from Intermediate aquifer eystem, permeable zone 3, at the Southbay Utility well Pl3, 1989-93. (Data collected by Southbay Utility personnel.}

LS_~:~e McPeeks -LJ.s Geological Survey Rpt. 96:4063.tif

Iii w LL

~ ui ()

L1' a: ::J

"' 0

~ 3: 0 .... w en :I:

li: w 0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

6- CHLORIOE CONCENTRATION, IN MILUGRAMS PER UTER

WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED USING PORE-SQUEEZING APPARATUS

4500 500 1 ,000 1 ,500 2,000 2,500

0 -SULFATE CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PEA LITER . 0 -SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, IN MICROSIEMENS PEA CENTIMETER

AT 25 DEGREES CEI.SIUS

HYDROGEOLOGIC UNIT

"""""'-AQUIFER SYSTEM

CONFINING UNIT

"""""'""'"' AQUIFER 8YSTEM,

PEIWE.\BLE ZONE 2

CONFINING UNIT

INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE zot.E 3

' ..,.._ MEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE WNE1

Figure 49. Chloride, sulfate, and specHI~onductance values at selected depth Intervals below land sulface at the Carlton Reserve test well.

66 Hydrogeotogy of the SurfhUI and lnt.nnecllllle Aquifer Sym.ma In a...ota •nd Adjacent Countiu, Floridll

6- CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER •• ~ ~ ~ ~ 100 1~ ~ 1~ ~ =

Iii 50 te ~ u.i100

~ a: 150 ::J rn

~ ~ ~ w c

200

250

300

350

WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED USING POAE.SQUEEZING APPARATUS

•oo .~-~~ .. =.~~-,.1,-:tooo:::-~--1=-,ooo=---:,:-:,ooo:!::::---:,~ .... 0 -SULFATE CONCENTRATION, IN MILUGRAMS PER UTER

0 •• SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER

AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

HYDROGEOLOGIC UNIT

SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM

CONFINING !.Roll

INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER

P~~E ZONE1

CONFINING UNI

INTERUEOIATE AQUIFER

PBXW~ ZONE2

CONFINING UNI

INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER

p~(.e ZONES

Figure SO. Chloride, sulfate, and speclfio-conductance values at selected depth Intervals below land surface at ~. ·. the South Venice teat well. . ·- ···

Figuru ~

J !!.

f .. i i

I ~

t

f .. f i

f J j

15

CARL IDN RESERVE TEST WELL SOUTH VENICE TEST WELL

MIWEQUIVALENTS PER UTER MIWEOUIVALENTS PER UlEA

CATIONS ANIONS CATIONS ANIONS

10 5 0 5 10 . 15 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15

< < >-20 FEET CU SASIPZ1 Z7 FEET CU SASIPZ1

< :> < >-40 FEET VENICE CLAY n FEET lAS PZ1

<. > 94 FEET lAS PZ2

< ~ETVENICE CLAY

<: ( ..> 148 FEET lAS PZ2 291 FEET CU PZ2JPZ3

f ) / 162 FEET lAS pZ2 304 FEET CU PZ2IPZ3

""" 350 FEET lAS PZ3 373 FEET lAS PZ3

" 432 FEET CU PZ3/UFA

EXPLANATION SAS lAS PZ1 PZ2 PZ3

cu SAS.IPZ1 cu PZ2IPZ3 CUPZ31UFA

SurtideJ """"'" .,.'""""'""iale ...... , -Permeable mne 1 of the lAS f'elmeable zone 2 of the lAS Permeable zone 3 of 1he lAS Confining urVt between the SAS and pz1 Confining wit between PZ2 and PZ3 Confining l.l'lit between PZ3 and the Upper Flor1dan aquifer

Sodium+ Potassium~ Calcium ~ Bicarbonate+ Carbonate

Magnesium Sulfate

Figure 51. Maiof'-ion concentrations of water from the intermediate aquifer system at selected intervals betow land surface at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells.

. .. ,.---·--

20

!CYiene ivlcPeeks -u.s Geological survey Rpl. 96-'lo63.iit

N

0 5 10 MILES 0 5 10 KILDME1CAS

Bueslrom U.S. Geological Surwy dlliJIIIII data, 1:2,000,000, 1172 Albera Equal-are• Conic profecllon Slllndanl Pal'llll111 2Y.50" 1nd ~. centnlm.~dlan -13"00'

...,_,.,.,M....,(1-)i M'odllled by Bllrr, 1&88

9 5 10 MILES 0 5 10 KILDMETERS

I , __ I

.g :g !~ lw 'c ___ J __

""'-'"'""""~I (1994b)i Mocllled by Barr, 1996

MAY 1993 EXPLANATION

SEPTEMBER 1993

---20- POTENTlOMETRlC SURFACE CONlOUA -Shows altitude of POtentiometric surface. Contour Interval Is 10 teet. HachurH indicate diPfUSiona. Datum Is sea level

+--- Direction of ground-water flow

Figure 52. Composite potentiometric surface of the Intermediate aquifer system, May and September 1993.

Flgu,... 89

-.........

F>a e .. ·.-.7. 5.'.1 ..... g

c;:.lene McPeeks-U.S Geological Survex Rpt. 96-4063.tif

30

28

-' ~ 28

U'i "' 24

I Iii" ~ i!:

~20 ffi 18 !;( ;= ~ 16 w Cl

~

10

e • SURFICIAl AQUIFER SYSTEM MONrroR WEI..L, CASING 8 FEET, DEPTH 13 FEET Q ·l"ll'ERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 2 MONITOR WB.l, CASING 100 FEET, DEPTH 120 FEET

0 -INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 3 MONITOR WELL, CASING 245 FEET, DEPTH 2815 FEET 6, ·INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 3 MONITOR WELL, CASING 380 FEET, DEPTH 400 FEET

+ ·UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER MONITOR WB.l., CASING 510 FEET, DEPTH 700 FEET

8~~-'--L~--~~-'--L~--'~~4--L-L--'--~-'--L~--~~-'--L~ JFMAMJJASONDJFMAUJJASONO

. 1993 1994

Flgur11 54, Water levels In the surficial, Intermediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer monitor wells at ROMP TA 5-2, January 1993to December 1994.

70 HydrogiiOiogy of the Burflclal•nd lntermedl ... Aquifer Systnw In s.ruot. and Ad)Kent CountiH, Florkhl

Pa e.·.·.·.7 .. 6il ...... it

f ::!

Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surfiCial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida

[EWD, &pwood Wll«District; FOS, Flodda Ocologicld Survey; SWFWMD. Soutbwcst Florida WrdD ManagcmtntDistrlct; ROMP, RecioDaJ Observation Monittr Program; USGS, U.S. Geological SurYey; ft, l'cet; ft?td, feet squami pel' day; (ft/dYJt. feet pel day per foot; ft/d, feet per day; <,less than;>, greatecthan; -,DO data]

Site name/well -ogle (:aslngfdepth or T....- ........ ·- Hyd ..... lc ........ s~ Identification

unH1 rnaerv.r below land -{ft'td} caefflclent

coefficient ccnductlvl1y Reference

surJat;e (ft) [(ftld}llt] (IUd)

Carlton R=ve 270803082210301 SAS . '• 7 0.0511 Campbell and others, test well (1993)

SAS ,, 7 .00233 Do.

SAS .,. 7 .673 Do .

CUPZIIPZ2 . ,. 7 .001 Do. (Venice Clay)

lAS PZ2 (confining 3 101 7 .00394 Do. material)

IASPZ2(ccnfinU>g 'm 4 .0024 Do.

""""""'' CUPZ21PZ3 '165 7 .000196 Do. CUPZ21PZ3 3 179 7 .000155 Do.

CUPZ21PZ3 '206 8 <.OIXI00000036 Do. lAS PZ3 (confining '402 1 <.Cl0000000036 Do.

""""""') IASPZJ(ccnfinU>g 3 413 I <.00000000036 Do.

""""""'' CUPZ3/UFA 3426 7.0000155 Do . CUPZ3/UFA ... , 8 <.00000000036 Do. CUPZ3/UFA '460 8 <.00000000036 Do.

South Venice test 2703400822554 CUSASJPZI '" 7 .00282 Do. well

CU SASIPZl .,. 7 .(XI385 Do. CU SASJPZI '59 7.00502 Do. CUSASJPZI 276 7.00592 Do.

IASPZI(ccnfinU>g 2 111 7 .00828 Do.

""""""'' CUPZIIPZ2 2 126 7•9.000265 Do. (Vemcc Clay)

IASPZ2(ccnfinU>g '246 7 .0000002 Do.

""""""'' IASPZJ(ccnfinU>g 3416 .00523 Do.

""""""'' lAS PZ3 (ccnfining 3543 7 .000332 Do. """"""')

I

;j Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and intennedlate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida -Continued

[EWO, Englewood Watec District; FOS, Florida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Florid. Water Management District; ROMP, Regiooal Obscrvati011 Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Geological Sur-

i vcy; ft, f'ect; ttl/d, fcc:t squared per day; (ftfd)lft, feel per day Jlef foot; ftfd, feet pel day;<, less lban; >,greater tban; -,no data]

.8 Site Ra11'11!1WWell Hydragaclogk casing/depth or

Tranamls-.......... ·- Hydraulic

• She ldentlflcatlon interval below land coetllclont conductivity Reference !!. - ...... -(n'ld) coetllclont .8 ........ (ft) [[11/d)/11) (11/d) ~

'25 !l. Walton test well 2711430822403 CU SASIPZl O.CXl0229 FGS, written comm.

l (1991) .. IASPZ2(confining 'so 8.00000752 Do. c

material) 3. E lAS PZ2 (confining ] 114 .0000454 Do.

• materiol) , 3 182 8.()()()(X)()152 0. CUI'Z2/PZ3 Do.

i CUI'Z2/PZ3 '200 .0000324 Do.

l lAS PZ3 (confining 3 249 7 .00342 Do. malerial)

~ CUPZ3/UFA 3285 7 .00139 Do. .: c 121,340-1,870 l G-IslaDd SAS 47-60 Sutcliffe (1975)

!f well field (west

i Clwiotte Co.)

1 ~140.->3,340 ~ G-IslaDd SAS 53 Do.

well field (north-5" west Charlotte Co.) ll' Carlton Reserve SAS 1,800 40.19 's• Geraghty and Miller, Inc.

I (central Saruota (1981) Co.)

i Codlon Reoone SAS 1,100 4 0.15 5511 Do. ,. (central Sarasota

t Co.)

Sarasota Central SAS 5-10110-16 !I 2.5-159 Ardaman and Assoc., J!. Landfill ~lox Inc. (1992)

f (12 wells, central

J Sarasota Co.)

Vema well-field

[ (northeast Sarasota Co.),

t 14B4 272247082175301 SAS 41167 430 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (1975)

2E7 272248082190302 SAS 21/8!5 250 4.11 0.1 S,ll 13.4 Do. 12E8 2722S5082180201 SAS 1000 470 Geraghty and Miller, Inc.

(1981)

I . ·--·······-··---

f()l ~;: ·:CD ., ':::J

(1)

s: 0 "U (1)

Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surfiCial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Rorida --Continued (1)

I" (/) '; .... '- ,.. [EWD, Englewood W~ta District; FGS, F1orida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest florida Wider Management DUtri~ ROMP, Regional Observation M~Hlitor" Program; USGS, U.S. Geological Sur-vcy; ft. feet; W!d, feet squared per day; (f'r/d)lft, Feet per day per foot; ftld, feet per dar. <,less than;>, greater than; -,no data) c

en Site namelwell Hydrogeologic

Ca:singldepth or .......... L.oolaonoe ..... .. Hydraulic G) She Identification

~·· interval below land

"""" (ft'ld) - coolflclent conductivity ........... (1) ··- swface (ft) [(ftld)oft] (ftld) 0

i5 12obo 272255082180202 SAS 530 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. .o·,

(1981) ~ 6E2 272256082183701 SAS 21142 160 Do. en

c: 9E3A 272257082181702 SAS 20/40 150 Do. < (1)

Englewood Watet '< District (southwest ;o;

Sarasota Co.): .-o EWD 265722082210301 lAS PZ1 25/40 7,800 0.00005 Wolansky and Corral

:!""""'

Production 27 (1985) -~: EWD 265735082205701 IASPZl 49/SS 5,500 0.0007 .00011 Do. .J,..

Production 9 0 m

EWD 270015082211301 IASPZt 3tns 1,260 .12 .00087 CH2M Hill, Inc. (1978) "' Production test 2 !:::!: EWDRS 270019082213701 IASPZ1 34192 8,000 -.0005 .0004 Do.

EWDR3 270021082221301 lAS PZI 42J43 6.250 .0004 .0003 Do. EWD 270033082214201 IASPZ1 Jsno 3,320 .000036 .000016 Do.

Production lest 4

EWDC-10 270036082214101 IASPZI 4'1l70 3,800 110024 .00017 Wolansky and Corral (1985)

EWD 270038082211301 IASPZ1 Jsno Production test 5

1,525 .005 .000058 CH2M Hill, Inc. {1978)

EWD 270104082214101 lAS PZ1 4'1l70 1,608 Do. Production test 3

EWD 270107082211201 lAS PZ1 43fl0 2,970 .013 .00065 Do. Production ccst I

VCnicc well field 32 270536082253901 lAS PZl 42159 1,100 .0009 Clark (1964)

Carlton Rc1c:rve lAS PZ2 81120S 2,670 .00013 .0001 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (central Sarasota (1981)

Co.)

MaDame Jr. Col- 270219082185801 lAS PZ2 1101270 200 110002 USGS test {1984)

~ lege, JOUib well 1!: Plantatioo Utility 270403082220501 lAS PZ2 701180 ''20o-40o 12,0000196- Poot, Bucldey, Schuh, : 3A .000038 and Jernigan, Inc. (1981)

<:1

~ [S: :o·-; "0 CD CD

" "' :;! Ta~e 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and Intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida -Continued c

[BWD, Eagiewood Water District; FOS, Florida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Florida Waler Management District; ROMP, Re,ional Ob.sernltioo Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Oeol.ogical Sur-en,

!1: vey; ft, feet; ftltd. feet squared pel' day; (ftld)lft. feet per day per fOOl; ft/d, feet p« day;<, less than;>, peater than;-, no Uta) G)

I CD

Calngldepeh or ......... Hydraulic Q. Sll•n.melwefl Hydrogeologic liwlsml• - 0 - sn. klentlftcatlon unh' Interval below land

elvlty (lt'ld) - ooefflclom conductivity Ref ...... .<0

~ ·~{ft) ((ft/d)llt) (flld) 15"

''25<>-300 :~

!!. Plantation Utility 4 270405082215601 IASPZ2 661180 1'fl.000045- Post, Buckley, Schuh, en l .00001 and Jernigan, Inc. (1981) c· .. P1anta1ion Utility 5 270406082215602 lAS PZ2 681180 300 Do. < c CD i!' ROMP TRS-2 270019082.234200 1ASPZ2 601100 S,OOO USGS test (1986)

1!: ROMP 18-1 271137082074801 lAS PZ2 s1nn 10J,600 Geraghty and Millec ;:o

• ., , (1980) '!""'";

" j ROMP 18-2 271137082074802 1ASPZ2 571123 10:3,700 Do. (0 C)

i ROMP20 271137082284501 1ASPZ2 7S/125 1,800 0.00006 SWFWMD data files J,.. 0

! Venice well-field 2 270536082253901 IASPZ2 77/140 55ll .0005 .000042 Post, Bucldey, Schuh, C)

"' t and Jernigan,. Inc. ~ (1982b)

!' Venice Gardens 270322082234701 lAS PZ2 6<>'160 12600-650 Geraghty and M"dler

j wdl-fieldTPVG-1 (1980)

• Veruce Genlem 270322082234702 lAS PZ2 61/160 12450..550 12_00021- .00017- Do. • well-field .0011 .00062 .. .. MWVG-1 • i Veruce """""" 270430082221501 lAS PZ2 6Ul60 400 Do.

I welJ..field'IP-49

l Veruce """""" 270430082221S02 lAS PZ2 601160 400 .000006 Gemghly and Mille< well-field MW-49 (1980)

! Vcnioe Gardella 270508082223301 lAS PZ2 6<>'160 65ll Do.

I .well-field TPN-1 a

Veruce """""" 270S08082223302 lAS PZ2 61/160 600 .00043 Do.

~ well-field MWN-1

a Veruce Gonlem IASPZ2 87/9() 1,120 .000248 Geraghty and Miller, Inc.

J well-ficld IA (1974)

3 Venice Gmdens lAS PZ2 97/150 610 Do.

!. well-field 2A t Venice GardeDs lAS PZ2 1001106 720 Do.

well-fidd3A

Veruce """""" lAS PZ2 85/130 790 .000175 Do. well-field SA

··············· ~----

j

Tab4e 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and Intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas In southwsst Rorida -Continued [EWD, Englewood Wa!« District; FGS, F1orida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Aorida Water Management District; ROMP, ~gional Observali.QII Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Oeo!ogil;il S<if-_.. vey; ft, feet; &ltd, feet tquared per day; (ft/dYft, feet per day F foot; ftld, feet per day; <.less thm; >, gremr dum; -.DO data)

Site name/well Hydrogeologic Cal-or TI'MSIIIis-L.eokance ....... Hydraufte

numbllr Site Identification unlt1 Interval below land oivity(ll"ld)

cootflclont coeHlclont

conductivity .......... -(fl) [(lt/d)lll] (ftld)

Plantation Utility 270407082215801 lAS PZ3 2281366 5,600 0.000035 0.00033 Post. Buckley, Schuh. R0-2 and Jernigan, Inc.

(I982b)

EWD Production 265714082203801 IASPZ3 260/425 8,200 .000085 CH2M Hill, Inc. (1980) R0-2

ROMP 1RS-2 270919082234200 lAS PZ3 2401410 10,000 USGS test (1986)

ROMP20 271137082284501 lAS PZ3 2501370 1,700 .00013 SWFWMD data files Venice well field 2705340822609 lAS PZ3 206/44! 1S,400 .00064 Post, Buckley, Schuh,

R().<; and Jernigan, Inc. (1982a)

(Sawota Co., d;gi- CUSASJPZl .00002 Ryder {1982) tal flow model) .0004

ROMP TRS-2 270919082234200 CUI'Z2/PZ3 !001230 6 0.1 Hutchinson and Trommer(1992)

(Sarasota Co., digi- CUPZ3/UFA .000027- Ryder (1982) tal flow model) .0000067

ROMP 1RS-2 270919082234200 CUPZ3/UFA 4101500 'w Hutchinson and Trommec (1992)

1~matioa: SAS, surficial ~system; lAS fZI, iDtenncdiate aquifc;r ~}'Stem. permeable zone 1; lAS PZ2, intcnncdiatt; aquifer system, pcnncablc zone 2; lAS PZ3, intcnncdiate aquifcc system, permemll= DDC 3; CU SASIPZl, ccnfining unit betweea SAS .. d lAS P'Zl; CU PZUPZ2, c.:mfimna: unit between lAS PZl mel lAS PZ2; CU Pl:Z/PZ3, confining unit between lAS PZ2 .mt lAS PZ3; CU PZ31UFA, c.:mfbUag unit bctw.::e.IAS PZ3 and UFA; aDd. UFA, Upper Floridan aquifer.

Zsput-apooa aamplc, iD feet below land llllface lccre umpk, iD feet below laad .urr.::c .. _,,.,.. 'Horizontal hydraulic COIIdocti.Wy 6vertical bydraulic 00Dduc6vity from model simubtions 1 Awnge of 3 1c1t1 1Samplc did not ~ 11\et 31 days 01' JllOie 9saq~~e may have bceu cliaturbcd m pcnncuDCtl:l'

IO A¥erqe of aevaal malytical mcthodt for ODC t111t II Averap fmm 5 aqgifer tests u Avcrap &om multiple aquifer tests

c en G'J Cl)

:Q. 0

"' [ en

:c:

~ ;JJ "0 !""""i

CD m J, 0 m "' ~ -

;: Table 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground--water quality data in southwest Sarasota County, 1993

( C, degrees CdtiWJ; EWD, f!Dslewood Water District; mstcm, mk:losiemens per ccotimetu at 25 • C; mgiL. milJ.i&rams per liter, <. less than; -, no data; ROMP, Regioual Observation Monito£ Pro~ :t SAS, surfk:ial. aquifer I}'Dm; lAS PZl, in~ aquifer system pc:nnWJIII mne I; lAS PZ2, intennlldiate aquifer sytlem penneable zone 2; lAS PZ3, iDtennediale aquifer system permeab]c zone 3; iDdex '& numbers mfu to fi 24]

f !1. l

i !.

I E l'

1 S'

I i

f I I

..... no.

... - ... 10 27032S082262S01

Sltenarn~~

II 270401082191201 Ramblcl''s Rest

12 270S42082261804 'ml!ce 'ltst 38

13 2'70722082281001 Nokomis Beaeh

14 271052082294401 Blactbum PoiDr:

15 2711S2082264601 Palmer Ranch

40 26571<4082212301 Comm. Presby. ChmclJ

130 Xlll37082284505 ROMPTR20SAS

131 270511082271701 BeaehCcxnbecApta

139 265839082211301 &bier

142 2659S0082183401 Myakka Pinel GolfOub

145 270919082234201 ROMPTRS-2SAS

159 270113082223303 EWD EWT-5

170 265834082202402 EWD TII-14A

180 26S71208220S702 EWD SA-l

196 2707320822.51101 Faith Baptist Olun:h

198 270642082264201 YeDt::t!aBay Piau

199 265910082220101 CamKm

200 270416082250501 Ouporvicb

201 26S92SOII2240501 Matilen

202 270017082231001 Nea Ytq:

203 27{1116082243601 Samarrco

2D4 270334082253501 Sehrqc

20S zroJ00082212801 PlantatioD

206 270920082283101 Casas Bo.oitas

21.11 270'7200R221S801 Bcsosa

84 XIU4-1082293401 Cobb

88 270841082261301 PWcy

90 270716082273101 Balls

719

"' 10112

10112

719

--/42

12132

_, 42/SO

8/13

10115

IMJJ

16/26

-/10

--110

-120 _, --110

--130

--114

--/19

--/14 _ _, --120

....... geologic

onlt

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

SAS

30155 lAS PZI

4S/68 lAS PLI

41175 lAS PZ1

Sample colleotion -11-4-93

8-26-93

11-4-93

11-4-93

11-4-93

7-29-93

6-23-93

8-11-93

&-02-93

7-29-93

6-24-93

6-24-93

6-24-93

8-19-93

8-26-93

9-21-93

9-22-93

9-22-93

9-22-93

9-22.-93

9-22-93

9-23-93

9-27-93

9-28-93

7-07-93

7-09-93

7-()2-93

Tempo -("C)

27.0

26.6

28.7

27.6

262

23.9 ,., 32.4

28.6

26.5

23.6

24.3

"'·' 29.7

31.1

26.7

2>.6

27.3

27.7

2>.2

26.7

213

26.4

26.1

25.1

24.7

"'·'

786

1,1190

610

630

1.460 ... 1,867

1,444

516

1,200

681

102

"" 1,862

13,600

1260 ... 13,000

613

m 745

12SO ~ ... m

1,008

883

~340

pH {units)

7.4

7.3

6.S

6.9

6.7

6.9

8.9

6.7

6.3

7.1

... '~ 7.8

6.7

7.1

7.0

4.9

6.6

4.8

6A

6.3

7.0

13

7.8

7.0

Chlorlde (mg/l)

32 .. " 7,000

" 192

" 26S

"' 124

13

43

7

" 140

·= 132

79

3,900

156 ,. 186 .. 14S

" .. 48

210

Sulfete Dluolved eollds

(mg/l) (mgll)

" 2

1,0011

72

10

6

100 .. 32

73

<02

10

" ... 750

60

21

490

"' >I

34

160 ...

"'" 200

810

S05

874

"' 14,800

441

393

1240

988

319

863

467

452

60

300

1,530

8,760

"' 397

&260

413

452

471

989

2,760

Sl4

767 .,. 1,850

0.16

0.18

o.ss

<0.02

0.02

<0.02

<0.02

0.09

<0.02

<li.02

<0.02

0.02

0.02

«l.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<li.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

<0.02

~ CD'

' J 'S: 0 "lJ CD CD

"" en

:c en G) CD Q., o;

Table 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground-water quality data in southwest Sarasota County, 1993 -Continued

[.C. degrees Celsius; EWD, Englewood Watez' District; mS/cm, miausic:mens pcrCCJ:ltinM:ter at 2S "c; mgiL, milligrams per liter;<, less than;-, no data; ROMP, Region.I Observation Monitor Progrm~;•SAS, aurfieial. aquifer' tytlem; lAS PZI, iatermBdiate aquifer system pctmeahlc zaoe I; lAS PZ.2, iDtermediate aquifer system permeable zone 2; lAS PZ3, intennediale aquifer system penneable zooe 3: Index QUmbcn refer ID fi 24] .....

no. ..........

91 270532082270801 Mimlcrly

93 2706350822!13101 Slwmoa

97 270427082240201 RdDbart

103 270041082230401 Ba.Jlewood TenrW Club

lOS 265856082215001 CUcaddan

lfTl 265959082183701 Myakka Pines Golf Cub

160 270113082223302 BWD EPZ-5

Hi2 265717082210301 BWDProd 14

163 270111082211602 BWDEPZ-1

164 2'701l040822231101 EWD EPZ-9

168 263826082201301 BWDTI:I-13

169 2651109012194001 EWD TI:I-6

174 270140082240701 ~~ OardcDs 7

176 27080108227(B()4 ROMP TR S-1 UH

181 2J04060822?0104 P1mtatioo MW2-PZ1

183 27074~1 Rcvdt

184 265943082183901 M)'lkka Pinel ClolfOub

188 270637082233701 Mantm

189 27Qol.29082253701 ShiiWty

190 27021608224!201 BomMch

53 271125082292901 Delli

S4 271137082284504 ROMP 20 UH

S6 270926()8229(001 Uppiacotl

57 271159082284901 Hmaea

S8 270901082281101 Corpa.

62 270922082261801 VerdraJ.

63 27092S082243901 Brock

69 270447082270801 Love

6016S lAS PZI

42/6j lAS PZl

44180 lAS PZI

99/130 lAS PZI

63170 lAS PZ1

421100 lAS PZ1

4Qf70 lAS PZI

56182 lAS PZ1

1021130 lAS PZl

40170 lAS PZl

49190 lAS PZI

45165 IASPZI

61Y104 lAS PZ1

4M9 IASPZI

S116S lAS PZI

42KJO lAS PZI

41Y4! lAS PZl

33150 lAS PZ1

4S/S!i lAS PZl

!.5180 lAS PZ1

61119!i lAS PZ2

7!1125 lAS PZ2

681194 lAS PZ2

421108 lAS PZ2

IIIYilO lAS P'l2

!i6f116 lAS PZ2

311190 lAS PZ2

801'1!i0 lAS PZ2

Sample col-on -HJ7-93

7..(}7-93

7..Q1-93

7-02-93

II-<J6.93

8-19-93

6-24-93

6-28-93

7-o>-93

6-28-93

6-28-93

6-24-93

7-29-93

6-22-93

7-06-93

7-16-93

7-30-93

8-10-93

8-<)6-93

B-10-93

6-28-93

7-3().93

6-28-93

8-<14-93

6-28-93

6-28-93

7-02-93

7-02-93

Tempemu,.

(C)

25.8

24.8

24.6

25.6

24.6

25.0

23.6

25.1

28.1

26.1

24.1

23.9

25.0

2M

28.0

24.4

26.0

24.4

269

252

25.8

24.8

25.S

24.7

25.8

25.6

24.4

25.9

-· conductance (I<Sicm) ... 1,874

789

1,140

674

~860

1,162

820

810

S250 1,980

~020

1,088

1,400

914

~600

1,651

701

1,229

802

~ISO

1,790

3.670

1,3()2

1,464·

1,276

1.331

1.1>92

pH (units}

7.4

72

7.2

7.8

7.4

7.1

72

1.S

7.2

7.4

7.6

6.6

7.7

7,1

7.6

7.2

~7

72

12

72

7.4

7.4

7.0

7.2

7.2

~7

~7

7.2

Chlortdll Sulfate (mg/L) (mg/L)

62

170

4S

2S2

57

710

176

76

54

1,520

SIO

480

144

160

104

185

230

48

144

54

8S

85

375

100

124 .. 60

92

46

600

Q3

IS

2

no 24

130

14

260

33

40

7

280

160

1,200

ss 20

1.000

740

1,600

300

320

310

440

260

619

1,420

468

n1 431

1,780

766

SIS

Sll

3,410

1.270 1,330

1,410

1,040

S93

2.250

1,080

456

813

Sl9

1,9.50

I.SOO

3,400

1.000

1,100

961

1,0"70

772

oo2+N03

(mgll.asN}

;: Table 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground-water quality data In southwest Sarasota County, 1993 -continued

(c, degree~ CcWus; EWD. Eaj:lewood Water District; mSicm. microsiemcns per centimeter It 2S 'e: mgiL, milliJ1111DS per liter, <,.less thaD;-, oo data; ROMP, Regional ObSClVatiOD Monitor Program; j SAS, amficial. aquifer- l)'ltl::m; lAS PZ1, imamcdiate aquifef system pcnncabie ~ 1; lAS PZ2, iDIClmediatc 11quifef l)'ltem pcm:wl&ble zoae 2; lAS PZ1, inrennediate aquifer sys~em petmelble zone 3; iDdex

1·;-.::. .. a i

I 1

I i f I i

f J I

........ 70 270720082220501 Holland Landscaping

71 270633082232301 Burks

74 2'10544082214001 bldustrial Space. IDe.

108 265817082132.501 Coucbot

146 2'7022'7082253201 RiDcbart

ISS 2'70940082283201 Som::moShorel 2

151 2708480822'73501 t..U VilJa&e, be.

lSI 2708420822Sl701 KiDg's Gate., IDe. 3

171 27054508223<4101 VenieeRmeh,IDc.

182 2704060822:20103 Plllltatia:!. MW4-PZ2

18$ 270432082231901 Vc!Uce Qaldeq 9

186 271022082235701 Austin

187 270816082223301 Grant

191 270619082271601 H\llllel"

192 2106180822451101 Veaice B.U hrk 51

193 270213082223301 Circlewood

195 21073108l2!il901 Faith BaptistCh. Deep

220 271037'08228~1 Soulbbay Utility PZ2

221 271V:J082'6'601 Caitnl Co. Utility PZ2

109 271137082284503 ROMP20LH

112 270808082:270503 ROMP TR S-1 Ul

114 X70919Q82l34204. ROMPTR5-2TPA

115 l70607082l62701 Venice RO 2

117 2705320822S4001 VaUceBy-PusPark

123 27084~3101 AiakDa

124 270628082244601 CaprilslesGoi!Oub

126 270241082213601 Taylor Rmch Elc:m. Sch.

,--------------

CUing/ ..... (feet)

42183

531108

7111160

15CV166

13&159

63187

631140

89(123

63/81

42180

Hydrogeologic

unft

1ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

!ASPZ2

1ASPZ2

lAS PZ2

!ASPZ2

1ASPZ2

701'110 lAS PZ2

70197 lAS PZ2

401S5 lAS PZ2

621% lAS PZ2

601100 lAS PZ2

631200 lAS PZ2

250070 lAS PZ3

27.51289 lAS PZ3

3601400 lAS PZ3

250f4.SO lAS PZ3

3CXV479 lAS PZ3

30015!55 lAS PZ3

300(600 lAS PZ3

300'590 lAS PZ3

Sample collection -6-29-93

6-29-93

7-16-93

7-07-93

6-23-93

11-20-93

8-<!5-93

8-06-93

8-06-93

8-10-93

8-19-93

'6-30-93

'6-01-93

6-23-')3

6-21-93

6-23-93

8-06-93

7-<l'>-93

11-<>4-93

8-19-93

7-00-93

Tomo....,,. fC)

"-' 24.9

25.4

25.1

25.6

252

"-' 25.7

25.2

252

25.3

25.0

25.3

24.9

275

25.6

272

28.4

"-' "-' "-' 25.6

25.8

Spoclllc ............ (loS/em)

831

2,910

613

15,100 ... 1,860

m 1,730

"' 537

1,202

913

~020

2540 , .. ~100

2,600

~170

2.S20

~"' 2,260

1,347

~700

3,320

pH (units)

7.2

7.0

7.6

7.4

7.6

7.1

7.1

65

7.4

7.7

7.4

72

7.5

7~

7.6 ,.

6.4

7.1

6.9

7.1

72

7.5

7~

75

Chloride SUlfate (m!>'L) (mgiL) .. "' 400

49

4,920

164

"' " 210

S7

so 80

" 130

us 67

260

143

103

.. 33

38

766

27S

" 170

"'

160

1,100

830

""' 17

1,400

680

420

30

" 260

180

440

940

" 1,300

1,100

" 1,600

1,200

1,500

1,500

720

490

1,400

700

601

2,190

10,300

S67

1,580

376

1,260

316

342

887

680

1,750

~070

398

~740

~190

61S

~640

~120

2,620

3,810

1,710

1,120

M20

2,280

""'·""' (mgiLasN)

Table 3. WaH records for ground~water sampltng network and ground-waler quality data In southwest Sarasota County, 1993 -continued

(C. de~f=S Celsius; EWD, Eoglcwood Water District; mS/cm. micro5iemcns per centimctm- 8125 'c; mJIL, millipms F liter; <,less than;-, no data; ROMP, Regional ObJervation Monitor Progr~ • SAS, auriic:iaJ. aquifer I)'Jlem; lAS PZl, ia~ Jlquifer I)'Siem permeable zoae 1: lAS PZ2, illtennedbte "'Uifer I}'Jtem permsable :r.ooe 2; lAS PZ3, I~ aquifer sY*Jn permeable zone 3; iDdex nnmben mer to fi . 24] ..... so. Cnlngl H ...... ._,. ·- - pH Chloddo Su-

D,._ ""'·""' no. ldomlflcotian

.......... - - collection . ...... conducbmco ( ..... ) (mg/L) (mg/L)

...... (mg/LaN)

(feot) .... - ("C) (r.stcm) (mg/L)

147 26S713082204401 EWDROProd 1 26<>'425 lAS I'Z3 6-23-93 26.5 10,370 7.5 3,250 400 7,320

156 Z70005082280201 Scmcruo Sborcs 10 301JJW IASP73 6-21..113 25.7 3390 6.9 "' 1,700 3,310

301 26!1721082204501 EWDROProd 9 -1372 lAS I'Z3 '6-12-93 3,690 388 5,033

"" 26.f722082205l01 EWDROProd 4 -1315 lAS I'Z3 26-22-93 4,200 582 7,700

"" 270408082115501 -MW3 2451380 IASPZ3 '7-06-93 26.0 3,700 7.4 589 l,l.SO 2,710

304 27m26082260401 Veak:eRO 7 23tV439 !AS I'Z3 38-26-93 7.2 350 900 1,960

305 270546082261701 """'" RO 4 23<1'450 lAS I'Z3 's-10-93 7.3 62S 1,625 2,110

306 270605082262101 _._RO 2A 2301450 !AS I'Z3 's-1<>93 7.3 665 ~125 3,180

307 210646082245101 VeaieclE 2691405 IASPZ3 la~I0-93 7.3 465 2,500 ~660

301 270'723082243201 """"'"' 197/360 IASPZ3 ,._,..., 7.3 100 1,700 1,720

309 '1:11029082285901 -Utility I'Z3 2211'446 !AS I'Z3 16-30-93 202 1,650 ~-1sampte c:o11ecta1. by nlility pc:noDDd IDil analyzed by private laboralorics 2sampte caUected md ...tyzcd by EDJiewood Water Distric:t wcU-ticld pmt:mJel 3siD!ple colJcctcd .md .W)'l'Zd by City of VaUcc wdl~fiold plll'IODDd

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Table4 . Ground water-quality data collected with a pore squeezer at the Cartton Reserve and Sooth Venice test wells, Sarasota County, Florida, 1992

[UDCOIUOli.datcd clay material is tbc tource of all water samples. Alblimty conc:ct~trlltions from lhe South Venice test wdlarc ootlaboottocy data, but were approximated. SAS, surficial aquifer system; lAS, ~.-prlfersystem; V.C., VeDk:e Clay; PZl, permeablll r.one I; PZ2,.penneablezooe 2: PZ3, permeable Z0!1C 3; CU SA3/PZl,eoafiDi.ug:unit bctwccD SAS aDd lAS PZI; CU PZIIPZl, confining unit between lAS PZ1 and lAS PZ2; CU PZ2IPZ3. confining wW: betwoen lAS Pl2 and lAS PZ3; CU PZ3/UFA, coafining unit betwccD lAS PZ3 mel. upper floridan aquifer, ft, feet; IJ.Sicm, micnJsiemens per ceutimctct at ZSOC; mgfL. milliaraw pee lib:r; mgiL. microgwos per liter;<, less than;-, ao data]

Sample Site Name Site identification depth

(ft)

Carlton 270803082210301 20 Reserve

40

48

94

148

162

350

432

South Venice 270340082255401 27

72

125

291

304

373

Hydrogeologic Sample unit

CUSASJPZI

CUPZIIPZ2 (V.C.)

Do.

PZ2

Do.

Do.

PZ3

CUI'Z3/UFA

CUSASJPZI

PZI

CUPZIIPZ2 ('I. C.)

CUPZ21PZ3

Do.

PZ3

collection date

4-28-92

4-28-92

4-29-92

4-3().92

5-02-92

5-02-92

5-27-92

5-28-92

7-26-92

8-04-92

8.()8-92

8-19-92

8-2().92

8-21-92

··--..· •

Specific Alkallirity Hardness, total

conductance pH (units) (mg/L) (mg/L)

(JJS/csm)

1,160 6.6 476 350

1,240 6.5 443 375

1,220 6.8 249 168

920 7:1. 300 287

940 7.9 512 294

1,120 7.0 256 256

2,000 7.1 238 1,068

2,120 6.3 443 615

1,040 448 367

640 334 270

550 252 218

870 268 297

1,060 245 331

2,080 286 1,067

--.:.

• Tal>le4. Ground-water quality data collected with a pore squeezer at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test welts, Sarasota County, Aorida, 1992-Continued

[UIICCXIsoliciiZd clay material. is tbc IOUlt:e of an w*'" SIUDples. AlbliDi.ty CODCCDtrations from tb= South vemce test well are DOt laboratory data, but weelpplOXimatcd. SAS, surlicial. aquifer system; IAS, i.nlenncdiate ~ sysrcm; V.C., Venice clay; PZI, permeable zwac 1; PZ2., permeable ZODC 2; PZ3, ~ zone 3; CU SASIPZl, CU111.aiDg unit betwcc:D SAS and lAS PZl; CU PZ11PZ2, confining unit • 1:Jetwoeu lAS PZI and lAS PZ.l; CU PZ2IPZl, CODiiniDg unit between lAS PZ.2 IIDd lAS PZ3; CU PZ3fUFA, confiDing unit betweeD lAS PZ3 aDd upper Floridan .:prlfer. ft. feet; ,&ian, microsicmens per centimeter, mWL, milligrams per liter,~ micrograms pee liter,<, less thaD;-, no data]

S-le Calcium. Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium. Chloride, Sulfate, Iron, Strontium, Nitrogen,

Site Name depth dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved NO,+NO,, dissolved

(ft) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (!1g/L) {llg/L) (mg/L)

Carltnn Reserve 20 llO 18 42 4.6 46 140 300 1,200 0.70

40 100 30 61 5.4 65 280 6 1,800 0.80

48 llO 34 48 52 270 80 1,900 0.52

94 68 28 46 6.8 69 31 40 2,000 0.28

148 llO 52 S4 14 66 46 1,100 3,000 0.14

162 so 31 44 8.2 52 52 20 2.80

350 240 llO 38 2.4 20 840 <5 14,000 0.38

432 140 62 140 ll 15 660 400 8,800 2.50

South Venice 27 130 lO 70 8.3 87 37 140 870 <0.02

72 92 9.5 24 4.2 34 4.0 <5 720 <0.02

125 64 14 24 4.8 45 4.8 130 620 0.30

291 58 36 so 8.7 100 49 <5 3,900 0.42

304 63 41 69 13 140 90 80 4,700 0.35

373 240 no 86 10 160 760 30 13,000 0.22

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lcyle[le McPeek~ -U.s Geological sur¥ey Rpt.!)6-466:ftif ..

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hydrogeology of the surficial and intermediate aquifer ... · properties of the surficial aquifer...

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