RADHA GOVIND GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS MEERUT

A Seminar Report On HYDRO POWER PLANT Submitted To Submitted By Mr. Manoj KUMAR RAJKUMARI (Assistance Professor) B. Tech (EE 3YEAR)Department Of Electrical Engineering

INTRODUCTION•Hydroelectric power (often called

hydropower) is considered a renewable energy source. A renewable energy source is one that is not depleted (used up) in the production of energy. Through hydropower, the energy in falling water is converted into electricity without “using up” the water

Hydropower energy is ultimately derived from the sun, which drives the water cycle. In the water cycle, rivers are recharged in a continuous cycle. Because of the force of gravity, water flows from high points to low points. There is kinetic energy embodied in the flow of water.

FUNDAMENTAL PART OF HYDRO POWER PLANT

•1.Area •2.dam•3.reservoir•4.penstock•5.storang tank•6.turbines and generators•7.switchgear and protection

HYDROELECTRIC DAM

Dams

HOW TO DAMS MAKE HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER•These are electric turbine inside a dam.

When water from the dam passes through. The turbine spin this creats electricity hydro electric power is produces as water passes through a dam and into a river below. The more water that passes through a dam the more energy is produced.

Highest dam in the world •The highest dam in the world is NUREK

dam on the Vakhsh river in Tadzikistan a country in central asia . This dam is 984 feet (300 meters) tall .

•Dam provide clean pollution free energy but they can harm the environment .

Movement of water

Use of transformer

Type of hydroelectric plant •1.pico hydroelectric plant•2.micro hydroelectric plant•3.small hydroelectric plant•4.mini hydroelectric plant•5.medium hydroelectric plant•6.large hydroelectric plant

How much electricity can be generated by a hydroelectric power plant?

The amount of electricity that can be generated by a hydropower plant depends on two factors:• flow rate - the quantity of water flowing in a given time; and• head - the height from which the water falls.The greater the flow and head, the more electricity produced

An impoundment is simply a dam that holds water in a reservoir. The water is released when needed through a penstock, to drive the turbine. This illustration shows the parts of a standard hydroelectric dam. Most large, high-head hydropower facilities use impoundments

Impoundment System

Efficiency •Large modern water turbine operate at

mechanical efficiencies greater then 90 %

CONTROL ROOM

ADVANTAGE

•Once a dam is constructed electricity can be produced at a constant rate

•The lake’s water can be used for irrigation purposes

DISADVANTAGE•The high cost of dam construction

•The flooding of large areas of land means that the natural environment is destroyed

•Dam are extremely expensive to build and must be built to a very high standard