hybridization of atomic orbitals
DESCRIPTION
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals. PGCC CHM 101 Sinex. Illustrating hybridization. Shockwave animation of hybridization click here Chime site with atomic and hybrid orbitals click here. Now let’s make some bonds!. hybrid orbitals – sp, sp 2 , or sp 3. formation of s bond. s bond. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Hybridization ofAtomic Orbitals
PGCC CHM 101 Sinex
Illustrating hybridization
Shockwave animation of hybridizationclick here
Chime site with atomic and hybrid orbitals
click here
Now let’s make some bonds!
hybrid orbitals – sp, sp2, or sp3
formation of bond
remaining p orbitals from sp or sp2
bond
formation of bond
Planar molecule (each carbon is trigonal planar) with cloud above and below the plane
bond hinders rotation about the carbon-to-carbon bond
Bond formation from hybridization
• Single bond - sigma bond
• Double bond – sigma bond + pi bond
• Triple bond – sigma bond + pi bond + pi
bond How are the two pi bonds in the triple bond oriented?
end-to-end
side-to-side
How about the electron density around a carbon-carbon bond?
C2H6
C2H4C2H2
single bond double bond triple bond Spartan 02
Polar orNon-polar
H+
attack?
1
2
3
45
6
7
What is the hybridization in each carbon atom?
sp3 – 2, 5tetrahedral
sp2 – 1, 3, 4trigonal planar
sp – 6, 7linear
What is the hybridization in each carbon atom?
1
2
3
4
Draw the Lewis dot structure – C3H4
Remember to chain the carbon atoms and fill the octet of the center carbon atom in the chain first.
You should have come up with one of these structures:
H:C:C:::C:H
H
H
..
..C::C::C
H
H
..
..
H
H
..
..
Build the molecular model.
Allene, H2C=C=CH2
The clouds of the two double bonds are oriented perpendicular to each other. Hence the hydrogens are turned 90o. The is due to the original orientation of the p orbitals on the center carbon atom.
What is the hybridization?
Spartan 02