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Studio Air Journal By Yazid Hussein

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Table Of Contents Introduction Part A Conceptuslisation A1. Design Futuring A2. Design Computation A3. Composition/Generation A4. Conclusion A5. Learning Outcomes A6 Appendix and Algorethmic Skecthes Part B Criteria Design B1. Research Field B2. Case Study 1.0 B3. Case Study 2.0 B4. Technique: Development B.5. Technique: Prototpes B.6. Technique: Proposal B.7. Learning Objetives and Outcomes B.8. Appendix and Algorethmic Skecthes

Part C Detailed Design C.1. Design Concept C.2. Tectonic Elements C.3. Final Model C.4. Learning Objetives and Outcomes

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Introduction

My name is Yazid Hussein I am a third year undergraduate stu-dent in the Bachelor of Environments majoring in Architecture, at the University of Melbourne. My main field of interest in archi-tecture is pursuing a career in green and sustainable architecture, that can deal with today’s global warming issues.

I enjoy the works of many great Architects such as Norman Fos-ter, Zaha Hadid and many others. I like to think of architecture as an extension of nature and as a result take most of my design in-spiration from the natural environment and try and create a bal-ance and harmony between the built environment and the natural habitat. I believe humans greatly impact the surrounding envi-ronement and natural habitat, so as a result i believe architecture should evolve in the future into a sustainable and green way of designing to help with the everchaning climate.

My experience with digital designing involves the use of Autocad, skecthup and other plan based design software. I have never been exposed to 3D parametric based programs such as Rhino and Grasshopper, which makes this subject all the more interesting as I will learn a new software that is in current demand and may soon be the leading software in the future.

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Architecture has no limits, it pushes the boundries and creates oppurtunites.

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DESIGN FUTURING

“architecture needs to be thought of less as a set of special material products and rather more as range of social and professional practices that sometimes, but by no means always, lead to buildings.” Williams, Richard (2005)

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Design futuring analyses the consequences of design decisions and how they should change to cope with the ever changing world, especially the issue of sustainability. Tony Fry suggests that there should be a change in design theory and process inorder for sustianability to be addressed.

Furthermore, Fry raises the issue of ‘Design Democracy’ entitling every-one to come up with ideas and design. I believe that having everyone col-laborate and think together to find a solution and create a new design era is plausable. However, not everyone has the ability to design professionally and effecitvely like designers.

In the future, many of our current energy sources would be depleted and so there is an overcarying theme of developing sustainable design sooner rather than later. Design should start focusing on meeting the needs of an increasing population, hence designers should think about design from a green perspective inroder to meet the needs of the growing planet.

Design has a growing importance and is a decisive factor for the future. Fry suggests that there is no relation between creation and destruction if the source is a renewable one and its a disaster when it is not, which raises the issue of current construction methods that rely predominantly on con-crete being a great structural material however, is a very large emitter of carbon dioxide; acting as hero and villain at the same time.

Future construction should find renweable or recycable building materi-als that do not alter the workability and effectivness. Designers have a role in creating projects based on the materials at hand and so this shift will impact designers into using sustainable sources, and potentially reducing carbon emissions.

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This Building precedent is regarded as one of a kind in the world of archietcture and built form. This building contributed much like what the leaning tower of pisa did a new incite on curvature in building materials and pushed the envelope on the amount of bending occur-ing, reaching 350 mm.

This building is the first building in the world to use vertical post tensioning for counter movement of the overhang and support the weight of the building with various stresses. This kind of architectural design opened doors to this kind of innovation in paremetric design in built form.

Shortly after the completiton of this project a few developing projects used similar aspects of design; whether the materials, post tensioning rods, or the ability to go further in the field of parametric modelling. The theory behind this project was due to the testing of eggs and the amount of pressure 1000 eggs can withstand before cracking which led to to dome like cov-ering at the top. The main inspiration for this project was the leaning tower of pisa in Italy. This develops greater possibilities for the fu-ture of skyscrapers and architecture in general.This is now a major tourist attraction in Abu Dhabi that is visited by people from all around the world.

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Building: Capital Gate, Abu Dhabi by Abu Dhabi National Exhibitions Comapny Architect: RMJM

Year: 2011

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This building is the venue for the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix and was built in 2009, by Asymptote. This was built on the man made Yas Island in Abu Dhabi and features a wide variety of parametric design mainly in the hotel section of the building with various key influences and inspi-rations ranging from the aesthetics and forms associated with speed, veocity and movement; and the artistry and geometries forming the basis of ancient Islamic art and craft traditions.

The curved roof structure is predominantly made of steel and diamond shaped glass panels that form the surface of this strange and incom-passing design. This project clearly took the brief into consideration before the design stage started; this is evident in the race track shape and parametric look that is an anaolgy for speed in Formula 1 racing competitions. This project was started a revolution in the design of buildings wiht mathmatical and vector like qualities later seen in the Caital Gate building. This hotel is visited many time through the year specifically through out Grand Prix months, where Formula 1 enthusi-asts gather to watch the races and feast their eyes on one of the modern day architectural wonders.

“The entire jewel-like composition of the project responds visually and tectonically to its environment to create a distinct and powerful sense of place as well as a breathtaking backdrop to the Formula 1 and other events that the building will celebrate”. Th grid shell theory engaged dates back to inspiration from nature due ot the organic and ornate physical apperance that is transformed by the addition of full colour capable LED’s at each connection point all of which are fully program-able. The glass surfaces are designed to transmit the light across each panel independently, displaying a number of different colours for dif-ferent events.

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Building : Yas Hotel, Abu Dhabi

Architect: Asymptote Year: 2009

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Design Computation “design computation is still only seen by many as ‘just a tool’ and remote from the real business of creative design [...]”. Frazer, John H. (2006)

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Since the beginning of Architectural practice architects resorted to imagination from nature and their surroundings and translated that into drawn up ideas and plans. This all changed when computational design was introduced into the field of design. Computational design is regarded as the use of computers and mathematics to approach architecture and geometries. Computing has had an unprecedented effect on all fields of design, spe-cifically architecture as it enhanced precision and automation of repeti-tive tasks, allowing ease in transformation of patterns and geometries. Design practices have changed over the past 20 years with increased re-liance on digital software and computer aided design rather than hand drawing and drafting which was previously used in practice.

Due to the ever changing and expanding computational software, the future of design and construction will rely mainly on computation and digital fabrication to solve future problems such as climate change and the struggle that designers face with sustainability. These programs allow designers to design shapes, objects and geometries that were not achiev-able in the past through an expanding network of algorithms and func-tions that explore 3 dimensional shapes like never before.

Computerized building programs such as Green star resulted in perfor-mance orientated design that allows for feedback and quick generation of source consumption by the design. Both building precedents chosen symbolise material behaviour embedding physical processes through computational design. Computation has enabled freeform complex ge-ometries, having different volumes through new softwares that create algorithms that manipulate form and map different parameters creating many different variations hence, varying design possibilities and out-comes.

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Building Precedent 1: ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion, 2011

This project was designed by The Institute for Computational Design (ICD) and The Institute of Building Structures and Structural design (ITKE)and students from the University of Stuttgart. It explores the architectural transfer of biological principals of the sea urchins skeleton morphology, by the use of computational design and simu-lation. This building was generated purely by the use of algorithmic modelling and computational processes as it has a complex morphology that was built with extremely thin sheets of plywood (6.5 mm). The design of this pavilion clearly takes inspiration directly from nature by configur-ing a sea urchins scale morphology.

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This type of complex geometry and engineering could only be available due to the use of computation as it takes into account; Heterogeneity being that the cell sizes are not constant and have to adapt to curvature, Anisotropy cells of the pavilion direct and orient themselves according to the mechanical stresses, Hierarchy the structure has a two level hierarchy. First is where the simple finger joints of the plywood sheets are glued together forming a cell. Second, screw connections join the cells together allowing assembling and dissembling of the pavilion. This research pavilion offered the opportunity to investigate methods of modular bionic construction using free-form surfaces representing different geometric characteristics. This type of design and construction brings future possibilities and potential refinement to this area of design which may lead to the future of architecture through the development of computa-tion and digital fabrication, that make these designs possible.

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Building Precedent 2: Bamboo Pavilion, 2010Architect: Esan Rahmani + Mukul Damle

Bamboo is a natural material found in Asia, it is readily available because of its renewable and inexpensive nature, has excellent properties in com-pression. It is commonly used as a roofing material, or for channelling water, for fences and floors. Due to bamboo’s sustainable nature it is often used in ‘green’ projects as it tends to be one of the few or only material used in construction, as a result of its very tough and light nature.

This design was made possible by the use of computational design re-sources; that shaped the central funnel of the building and connected it from the base to the roof. The design allows for natural light to enter through the central funnel, while assuring that water does not enter an is collected through the funnel till the maximum level is reached and either sent to the ablution area or flushed.

The building consists of three bedrooms, 3 storage rooms, living room, water storage funnel and toilets. The integration of the roofing system is what makes this house an efficient use of resources. Dissembling the roof by the use of computation allowed the designers to study each aspect of the building before it was even built. First the thin concave bamboo beams are set out, then the funnel also made of thinner bamboo sticks, and finally a interlocking layer of bamboo to direct water inside the fun-nel. The use of these digital programs resulted in a sustainable and com-fortable building from with the use of minimal building materials.

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Composition and Generation “Architecture is currently experiencing a shift from the drawing to the algorthim as the method of capturing and communicating designs” Brady Peters, 2013

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Builing Precedent 1: Al Bahr Towers, Abu Dhabi (2012)

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