Minnesota Department of Human ServicesAlcohol and Drug Abuse Division

Substance Abuse Prevention on a Dime: Resources for your community

Kari Erdman, CPP, CHHCAssociate Director

MN Prevention Resource Center

Background

•7 years in health promotion/Wellness, & alcohol, tobacco, and other drug prevention- worksites and communities•Local/State policy work •Chair of Tobacco-free Coalition•Health Coach•Fitness instructor•Married, God-parent to 5 year-old and 2 year-old

Kari Erdman, CPP, CHHC

Mission Statement• The Minnesota Prevention Resource Center serves as a

statewide clearinghouse for Free and Reduced-Cost alcohol, tobacco and other drug and violence prevention Materials and resources.

• Our mission is to reduce problems resulting from alcohol, tobacco, other drugs and associated violence by enhancing the capacity of people interested in preventing these problems.

Getting to know each other• Two Truths and a Lie

• Position and organization you are with

• What brought you to this presentation today? Why are you interested in this topic?

Prevention“The action of stopping something from happening or arising.”

“It is the promotion of constructive lifestyles and norms that discourage drug use.”

“It is achieved through the application of multiple strategies; it is an ongoing process that must relate to each emerging generation.”

“Wellness is prevention and prevention is wellness.”

Institute of Medicine Continuum of Care

Prevention

• Universal preventive interventions…targeted to the general public or a population group that has not been identified on the basis of individual.

• Selective preventative interventions: Targeted to individuals or a subgroup the population whose risk is significantly higher than average.

• Indicated preventative interventions…targeted to high-risk individuals who have been identified as having minimal detectable signs or symptoms, but who do not meet diagnostic levels at the present time.

Mood Altering Chemicals

• tobacco• alcohol• marijuana• prescription drugs• other

Why do people use mood-altering substances?

• Curiosity• Belief that drugs are not harmful• Belief that drugs alleviate the symptoms of depression and pain• As an attempt to cope with traumatic experiences, for example,

childhood sexual abuse or school failure• Sensation-seeking behavior• Substance use by family members• Peer pressure• Community norms• Exposure to pro-use message in mass media• Access and availability

Prevention of Substance Abuse and Mental Illness

Per NIDA – National Institute on Drug AbuseWhy do People Abuse Substances?

To Feel Good

To have novel feelings, sensations, experiences and share them

To Feel Better

To lessen: anxiety, worries, fears, depression, hopelessness.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

• all types of child abuse and neglect • domestic violence • substance abuse • Mental illness/suicide in the home• loss of birth parent(s) during childhood• incarceration

Accumulate and result in health and social problems in adulthood.

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Adoption of Health-risk Behaviors

Social, Emotional, & Cognitive Impairment

EarlyDeath

Adverse Childhood Experiences

Death

Disease, Disabilityand Social Problems

Conception

Scientific gaps

Risk Factorsvs

Protective Factors

Domains of Risk and Protective Factors• Individual

• Family

• Peer

• School

• Community

Risk Factors/Protective Factors Approach

Risk FactorsExamples:• No close family network• Low self-esteem• Isolated• Truancy

Protective FactorsExamples:• Close family network• Higher self-esteem• Healthy beliefs and clear

standards• Purpose

Individual

Prevention Strategy

Look at an individual’s lifestyle behaviors and choices and be a guide on making healthier choices:• Diet• Physical Activity• Sleep• Relationships• Purpose/Passions

IndividualRaise awareness of the dangers of drug use and

the benefits of constructive behavior– Beliefs, attitudes, behavior– Knowledge/awareness– Developmental stages– Differentiation of Self– Mental Health issues– Social and Emotional learning– Search Institute – 40 Developmental Assets– Attachment research

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“…early experiences help to determine brain structure, thus shaping the way people learn, think, and behave for the rest of their lives.”

I Am Your Child Reiner Foundation

What level of risk does this group have for alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use?

Young people who believe drug use to be dangerous.

1. Very Low2. Low3. Moderate4. High5. Very High

2 in 5 teens believe that Rx meds are “much safer” than illegal drugs

31 percent of teens believe there’s “nothing wrong” with using Rx meds without a prescription “once in a while”

Nearly 3 in 10 teens believe Rx pain relievers are not addictive

SOURCE: Partnership for Drug Free America

Attitudes about Rx Pain Relievers:

Reasons for using Rx Pain Relievers:

SOURCE: Partnership Attitude Tracking Survey (PATS), Partnership for a Drug-Free America. N= 7,218 adolescents in grades 7 – 12, Spring 2005.

Easy to get from parents’ medicine cabinet

62%

Are available everywhere

52%

They are not illegal

51%

Easy to get through others’ prescriptions

50%

They are cheap

43%

They are safer than illegal drugs

35%

Less shame attached to using

33%

Easy to purchase over the Internet

32%

Marijuana: Trends in Perceived Availability, Perceived Risk of Regular use, and Prevalence of Use in Past Thirty Days for Twelfth Graders

*Monitoring the Future, 2004

Peer• Fact vs myth• Powerful-developing identity• Non using vs using• Perception vs norm• Rite of passage• Normal

Family

Family

• History of CD in the family• Enmeshment• Roles• Symptoms• Cultural• Differentiation of self• Traits of a healthy family

Family

• "A study by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA, 1999) found that parents abusing drugs or alcohol were 4.2 times more likely to be neglectful than parents who did not abuse drugs or alcohol" (in Cash & Wilke, 2003).

Family• "The prevalence of a lifetime alcoholism

diagnosis (40%) in individuals with histories of neglect is almost three times the national average (13.8%). (Widom, Ireland, & Glynn, 1995 in Dunn et al., 2002).

What level of risk does this group have for alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use?

Young people who say that their parent(s) would be upset if they used alcohol.

1. Very Low2. Low3. Moderate4. High5. Very High

Prevention Strategy

Promote good parenting skills and strengthen the family as the first defense against drug abuse.

You Make the Difference!

RESEARCH SAYSTeens do best when they have a solid relationship with their parents.

The Journal of the American Medical Association states:

“…parent connectedness is the single healthiest force in the lives of U.S. teenagers.”

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Paradox?• Paradox: Moms may say they want dad involved

but may be ambiguous about actually giving up power and control.

• Studies show some moms may not want dads involved– 60-80% of mothers do not want their husbands to be

more involved (Beitel & Parke; 1998; Quinn & Staines, 1979)

– About 50% of mothers don’t want fathers more involved (Erickson & Aird 2005)

• Newspaper article: Single motherhood is easier?

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What percentage of moms (nationally representative sample) think they are irreplaceable to their child?

1. 0 -20%2. 21 - 40%3. 41 - 60%4. 61 - 80%5. 81 - 100%

Am I important to my child?

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What percentage of dads (nationally representative sample) think they are irreplaceable to their child?

1. 0 -20%2. 21 - 40%3. 41 - 60%4. 61 - 80%5. 81 - 100%

Am I important to my child?

Youths aged 12 to 17 who believed their parents would strongly disapprove of their using a particular substance were less likely to use that substance than were youth who believed their parents would somewhat disapprove or neither approve nor disapprove.

Parental Disapproval and Youth Use Rates

*2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings

Past Month Cigarette: 7.4% of youth who perceived strong parental disapproval of their smoking one or more packs per day compared with 42.1% of youths who believed their parents would not strongly disapprove.

Parental Disapproval and Youth Use Rates Using Tobacco

*2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings

*National Survey of American Attitudes on Substance Abuse X:Teens and Parents. August, 2005.

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Prevention Strategies

• Engage the protective capacities of families• Recognize and employ family strengths• Maintain community and cultural connections• Address immediate safety concerns and

ongoing risks• Help parents recognize the adverse impact of

unhealthy relationships on child development and safety

Parent Programs

• Walking the Talk

• English• Spanish• Somali

• Shoulder To Shoulder

The See It - Say It 6 Step Process

Step one = I care. . .

Step two = I see. . .

Step three = I feel. . .

Step four = LISTEN…

Step five= I want. . .

Step six = I will. . .

School

Prevention Strategy

• Build academic/vocational skills to allow individuals the potential of developing into contributing members of society.

School• Evidence-based curriculum

– Project Northland– Class Action– Reconnecting Youth– Life-skills

• Youth groups-SADD, MADD, etc.• Working with local community coalition on

campaigns that reach school-aged youth e.g. Positive Community Norms

Community

Prevention Strategies

• Provide mentoring and positive role modeling for youth.

Mobilize communities to establish environments enhancing positive personal development.

• Strengthen and support policies that promote healthy lifestyles and change community norms.

Community• Strategic Prevention Framework• Positive Community Norms

People of Faith• DVD• Works alongside

the curriculum• 15 minutes

What are prevention strategies work?

• Raise awareness of the dangers of drug use and the benefits of constructive behavior.• Promote good parenting skills and strengthen the family as the first defense against drug abuse. •Build academic/vocational skills to allow individuals the potential of developing into contributing members of society.• Provide mentoring and positive role modeling for youth. •Build social skills to enable the development of strong self-image that leads to positive life decisions.• Mobilize communities to establish environments enhancing positive personal development.• Strengthen and support policies that promote healthy lifestyles and change community norms.

What have we learned from the evaluation of prevention strategies?

• No single approach works for everyone. Among adolescents and younger children, a psychosocial approach emphasizing personal skills development and task-oriented training often reduces ATOD use.• Among adults, changing the policies, regulations, and laws to alter the community environment reduces ATOD problems. Among adolescents at significant risk, individual counseling and family intervention show promise in affecting long-term risk and protective factors.• Sensitivity to and inclusion of the cultural values of the target community enhances effectiveness.

Questions/Comments

5 minute break

MPRC Services• Clearinghouse of print materials and video rental• Technical Assistance• Conferences, Workshops and Trainings• List serve of prevention professionals• Regular Publications• Library reference and Access to electronic

publications• www.emprc.org

Technical Assistance

•Finding resources on topics related to alcohol, tobacco and other drugs

• social workers, chemical health coordinators, Counselors, mental health professionals, public health, youth services coordinators, coalition coordinators, alcohol & drug Counselors

•Conduct a training •Find a speaker or bring in a speaker on a topic

•Present at events, meetings, conferences

ATOD Prevention Event Planning Committee

• Demonstrates Collaboration at the State Level

• MN Departments of Education, Health , Human Services, Public Safety, Higher Ed, and MPRC

Visit www.emprc/ps2011 for the most up to date information about Program Sharing.

Spring and Fall ATOD Prevention Forums

MPRC Store• Order MPRC Materials Online, Visit our store at

www.emprc.org/catalog• More Comprehensive list of inventory• Pay Pal Option

MPRC ConsultantsRegion 1 – In process of filling positionRegion 2 –Renee ColeRegion 3 - Maxine NormanRegion 4 - Judy HansonRegion 5 - Jean JohnsonRegion 6 - Maryanne LawRegion 7 - Kirsten Dawson, Deborah Mosby, Andrea Carter, Shoua Thao, Hodan Hassan, Chong Moua, Mohamed Duale, Andres Flores, Dzuy Ho, Sandra Ballesteros, Jolene Bell Makowesky

MN-PrevYour Prevention Connection

MN-Prev-on@miph.org

MIPH Research Library

Library Services: Statistics (con’t)• The rate of current alcohol use increases from 39.4%

among 18-year-old students to 80.1% among 23-year-old students.

• Nearly one-fifth (17.5%) of all students report having driven a car while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, 24.9% have done something they later regretted, and 22.9% report missing a class as a result of their alcohol/drug use.

12th grade students past year use of marijuana and perceived risk

Youth drinking• Alcohol use is the number one drug problem among

young people.• In 2008, 10.1 million U.S. young people ages 12-20

reported drinking in the past month, and 6.6 million reported binge drinking. (NSDUH)

• Every day, 4,750 kids under age 16 start drinking. (NSDUH)

• The earlier young people begin drinking, the worse the consequences are likely to be.

Substance Use in MNData by County

SUMN.ORG

According to the 2010 Minnesota Student Survey, how many non-metro 12th graders reported any

use of alcohol in past 30 days?

1. 30%2. 42%3. 55%4. 62%5. 70%

Has the percentage of non-metro 12th graders reporting any use of alcohol in the past 30 days increased or decreased since 2004?

1. Increased2. Decreased3. I don’t have any idea

How Many Female 9th graders in Beltrami County Have Reported Binge Drinking in the

last 2 weeks (5 or more drinks)

1. 38%2. 30%3. 21%4. 15%5. 11%

In 2001, The economic cost of alcohol in MN was..

1. $1.5 Million2. $500,0003. $4.5 Billion4. $200 Million5. $500 Million

Discussion1. How can these resources be used with your

clients?

2. How can these resources be used or in your own personal and professional development?

Questions/Answers

Thank you!

Contact Info:Kari Erdman, 763-427-5310 x134