human resource developement economics

8/14/2019 human resource developement economics

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Kaushiki RoyNaazish Ahmed

Febi Alex

Gargi Chakroborty

Aparna Rane

Maitri Ganger

Unnati Mehta

Hormaz Mirza


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HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND

ECONOMIC GROWTH


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1. Education

2. Health

3. On-the-job training

4. Study programes for adults

5. Migration of individual and families for job

opportunities.


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EDUCATION


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Investment in education enhances human

capital formationTheodore W. Schultz


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Role Of Education In India Education and economic growth

Education and reduction in income

inequalities

Education and rural development

Education and family planning


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52%

64.80%

79.90%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

1991 2001 2009


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89.798.2

69

83.8

158.7

182

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

2002 2005

BOYS

GIRLS

TOTAL


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various schemes to promote elementary and Secondary educationwere incorporated

in the tenth 5 year plan.

Schemes in 10th year plan:

Sarva Siksha Abhiyan(SSA)

National Programme For Education of Girls At ElementaryEducation

(NPEGEL)

Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya(KGBV)

National Programs Of Mid-day Meals in Schools


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3.2

2.49

1.161.35

0.950.7

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07


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11th Plan Targets and special Focus Areas:

Eleventh Plan Targets Special Focus Areas

Achieve 80% literacy rate

Reduce gender gap in literacy to 10%

Reduce regional,social,and gender

disparities,

Extend coverage of NLM programmes

to 35+ age group

A special focus on

SCs,STs,minorities,and rural women

Focus also on low literacy states,

tribal areas, other disadvantaged

groups and adolescents.


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The eleventh 5 year plan also came up with a few

schemes to

promote secondary as well as primary education:

Jan siksha Sansthan Universal Access and Quality at the Secondary

Stage(SUCCESS)

Mahila Samakhya

Quality Improvements in SSA


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44.26%

35.05%

39.91%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

BOYS GIRLS TOTAL

2004-05

BOYS

GIRLS

TOTAL


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No. of institutions 2002 2007

Universities 201 378

Colleges 12342 18064

NAAC Accredited:

(i) Universities 61 140

(ii) Colleges 198 3492

Enrollment(lakhs) 75 140


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Compulsory education for children upto the ageof 14 and free elementary education.

Condition of teachers should be improved andspecial emphasis should be given to their salary

scale. Agriculture and industry curriculums at different

levels should be modified.

Due recognition given to the work done inspecialized institutes of specific research.

10+2+3 structure should be followed to bringuniformity.

To bring national integration study of 3 languagesare compulsory.


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The expansion of higher education has beencompletely unplanned, unwieldy and chaotic.

There is lack of institution which do not imparteducation through part time correspondence

courses . The general standards of education is low and

the percentage of failures and drop-outs is veryhigh.

A large no. of educated people are unemployedwhich has made investment in human resourcesunproductive

Best educated people migrated to westerncountries which result in heavy loss.


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Restriction should be introduced on highereducation .Research should be both meaningfuland productive and emphasis should be onquality not on quantity.

Education should be made job-oriented. There is no point in producing science graduates

if they can get only clerical jobs.

In rural area emphasis should be on agricultureand vocational education.

Technical education should be properly plannedby the govt.

Raise the standard of education right fromprimary and secondary level.


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Increases productivity and healthy work force.

Improves health of children and thus

increases literacy rate.

The economic gains are relatively greater forpoor people.


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Provision for control of Epidemics.

Provision of health services to patients for various

diseases.

Training Programmes for employees in health

department & primary health centres in rural sectors.

5th five year plan- Integration of health development

programmes with family welfare & nutrition.

Emphasis on increasing health services in rural

sectors. Improvement in education & training of health

personnel.


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6th five year plan-

I. Provision of better health & medical care services in

the rural areas.

II. A Community based programme of health care &

medical services in rural areas.

Launch of National Rural Healthcare Mission.


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NRHM was introduced to address infirmities and problems acrossprimary health care and to bring about improvement in the healthsystem in the rural areas.

AIM: To provide universal access to equitable, affordable andquality health care.

Core Strategies:Train and enhance capacity of PRIs to supervise and managepublic health services

Promote access to improved health care at household level,through the female health activist (ASHA)

Health plan for every village by the Village Health committee ofthe Panchayat.

Integrate vertical health and family welfare programs atNational, State and district levels.

Develop Capacities for preventive health care at all levels and

promote healthy lifestyles.


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Supplementary Strategies: Regulation of private sector including the informal rural

practitioners to ensure availability of quality service to people atreasonable cost.

Provide health security to the poor by ensuring accessible,

affordable, accountable and good quality health care.Expected Outcomes:

IMR-reduced to 30/1000 live births by 2012

Maternal Mortality-reduced to 100/100000 live births by 2012

Malaria Mortality -reduced by 50% by 2010 and more 10% by 2012

Leprosy prevalence rate reduced to less than 1 per 10000 by 2010 Tuberculosis(DOTS)-maintain 85% cure rate through entire mission

period and sustain planned case detection rate.

Emphasis on upgrading all health establishments in the district toIPHS.


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NUHM will meet health needs of the urban poor, particularly the slumdwellers by making available to them the essential primary health

care services.

AIM: To invest in high caliber health professionals, appropriate

technology through PPP and health insurance or the urban poor.

Objectives of NUHM:

Provide resources for addressing health problems among the urban

poor.

City specific urban health care system ,also involving community

for proactive involvement in planning, implementing andmonitoring of health activities.

Frame work for partnerships with NGOs, charitable hospitals etc

2-tier system of risk pooling: i)Mahila Arogya Samiti ii) Health

Insurance Scheme


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Improving health quality

Adopting a system centric approach rather than a

disease centric approach.

Increasing Survival

Taking advantage of local enterprise for solving local

health problems

Establishing e-Health

Improving access to and utilization of quality

healthcare

Focusing on neglected and excluded areas.

Providing focus to health system and bio medical

research.


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Training, education and capacity building for e-health fortele -consultation ,e-enabled mobile medical units, healthhelp lines, etc.

Gender responsive health care(MMR, postpartum care, safeabortion services, Increase the sex ratio)

Child health care, home based new borncare(HBNC),integrated management of neonatal andchildhood illness(IMNCI)

Health care for older people to increase life expectancy

National Aids Control Program (NACP)

National Cancer Control Program (NCCP)

National Program for prevention and control of Diabetes,Stroke, etc

National Mental Health Program (NMHP)

Reduce no of casualties caused due to occupationalnegligence and not following safety measures


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Problem

Large number of people suffer from undernutritionand malnutrition---

o Less calorie intake (1800 instead of 2400)

o Anaemia = 1. Children (77%),

2. Pregnant woman (90%).

Solution

Launch of Integrated Child Development Services

Launch of Mid-day Meal Scheme.

Launch of Prevention of Food Adulteration Act.


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Productivity of physical capital is substantially

enhanced if an improvement in human capital is

effected

Such training has an advantage that it can be

provided fast and without much cost. It can be

tailored to the learning capabilities of the

individuals.

Such training increases the skills and efficiency of

the workers which leads to an increase in

production and productivity.


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Central governments Department of

Agricultural Research and Education in 1973

India has twenty eight agricultural

universities which include 164 collegesspecializing in agriculture, vetinary science,

agricultural engineering, home science,

fisheries, dairy etc.


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According to the WORLD FACTBOOK migration

rate is 0.05% per 1000 people for job

opportunities.


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Thank you.

human resource developement economics

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