HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

What is Human Geography?

=+

People + to write about the physical structure of Earth’s surface and human activitiesupon it =human geography

Human Geography is the study of where humans — their activities and institutions such as ethnic groups, cities, and industries—

are located and why they are there.

Human Geography also examines interactions of humans with their

environments and draws on basic elements of physical geography.

Why? Why There?Israeli Palestinian

conflict

genocide

BP

Gul

f O

il S

pill

Bubonic Plague

World C

up

HIV/AIDS Worldwide

PedagogyHow to teach APHG?

ethnocentrism

tolerance

Future Leaders

Globalization

Goals: On completion of the course, the student should be able to:

•Use and think about maps & spatial data

•Understand and interpret the implications of associations among phenomena in places

•Recognize and interpret at different scales the relationships among patterns and processes

•Define regions and evaluate the regionalization process

•Characterize and analyze changing interconnections among places

Content Areas of Study:

• Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives

• Population

• Cultural Patterns & Processes

• Political Organization of Space

• Agricultural & Rural Land Use

• Industrialization & Economic Development

• Cities & Urban Land Use

1. Geography – 5%-10%

Robinson Projection

•Field of inquiry

•Maps and geographers

•Geographic concepts: •Location, Space, Place, Scale, Pattern, Regionalization, & globalization

•Skills - How to use, interpret, recognize, and/or define:

•maps/spatial data•phenomena in places•Relationships at different scales of patterns & processes•Regions & regionalization process

•New technologies•GIS, GPS

•Sources of Geographical ideas•Census data

2. Population - 13-17%

Demographic Transitional Model

•Geographical analysis •Consequences of density, distribution, and scale•Patterns of composition: age, sex, race, & ethnicity•Natural hazards: past, present & future

•Growth & decline over time/space•Trends – historical & future projections•Theories & Models•Patterns of fertility, mortality, & health•Regional variations of demographic transitions•Effects of population policies

•Population Movement•Push/Pull factors•Voluntary involuntary migration various scales•Migration selectivity•Short-term, local movements, pace

3. Cultural Patterns & Processes13-17%

•Concepts of Culture•Traits, Diffusion, Acculturation, Cultural regions

•Cultural Differences•Language, Religion, Ethnicity, Gender, Popular & Folk Culture

•Environmental impact of cultural attitudes & practices

•Cultural landscapes & identity•Values & preferences •Symbolic landscapes & sense of place

4. Political Organization of Space13-17%•Territorial dimensions of

politics

•Territoriality concept

•Boundaries

•Nature & meaning

•Influences on identity, interaction,

•& exchange

•Evolution of contemporary political patterns

•Nation-state concept

•Colonialism & imperialism

•Federal & unitary states

•Challenges to inherited political—territorial arrangements

•Changing nature of sovereignty

•Fragmentation, unification, alliance

•Spatial relationships between political patterns & patterns of ethnicity, economy, & environment

•Electoral geography, including gerrymandering

5. Agriculture & Rural Land Use – 13-17%

•Development & Diffusion

•Neolithic Ag Revolution

•Second Ag Revolution

•Major Ag production regions

•Ag systems – bioclimatic zones

•Variations within zones & effects of markets

•Linkage & flows among regions of food production & consumption•Rural land use & settlement patterns

•Models – Von Thunen

•Settlement patterns & major ag types•Modern Commercial Ag

•3rd Ag Revolution

•Green Revolution

•Biotechnology

•Spatial Organization & diffusion of industrial ag

•Future food supply & environmental impact

6. Industrialization & Economic Development – 13-17%

•Key concepts •Growth & Diffusion of industrialization

•Changing roles of energy & technology•Industrial Revolution •Evolution of economic cores and peripheries •Geographic critiques of models of economic localization, (i.e., land rent, comparative costs of transportation), industrial location, economic

•Development, & world systems (i.e., Wallerstein…)

•Contemporary patterns & impacts of industrialization & development

•Spatial organization of the world economy

•Variations in levels of development

•Deindustrialization & economic development

•Pollution, health, & quality of life

•Industrialization, environmental change, and sustainability

•Local development initiatives: government policies

7. Cities & Urban Land Use•Definitions of Urbanism•Origins & evolution of cities

•Historical patterns of urbanization•Rural-urban migration & urban growth•Global cities & megacities•Models of urban systems

•Functional character of contemporary cities

•Changing employment mix

•Changing demographic & social structures

•Built environment & social space

•Comparative models of internal city structure

•Transportation & infrastructure

•Political organization of urban areas

•Urban planning & design

• Patterns of race, ethnicity, gender, & class

•Uneven development, ghettoization, and gentrification

•Impacts of suburbanization & edge cities

Human Geography in ActionUnit of Study Field Trip Location Overview

Geography Campus Walk Create Map

Cultural Patterns & Processes

Visit Houses of Worship: Islam (Sunni & Sh’a), Judaism, Buddhism, other religions

On a map identify ethnicity & race conflicts worldwide and examine origins of conflicts

Political Organization

of Space

State Board of Elections or General Assembly

Population, apportionment and drawing district lines (judgeships, congressional districts)

Agriculture & Rural Land Use

Local working farm, biotechnology firm or university depart., food processing plant

Collect data and predict future ag production & rural land use; critique models

Industrialization & Economic Development

Chamber of Commerce or local manufacturing plant

Examine the changing geography of jobs; critique models

Cities & Urban Land Use City Planning/Zoning Department Exam past, present planning for population city’s vision for land use; making projections using all models; integrate terms (i.e., gentrification and gehttoization, blockbusting, redlining…)

Debriefing: Field Trip

•Examine data•Complete assignment•Presentations•Discussions•Evaluation Field Work

Getting Started•AP Coordinator•One or Two Semesters•Parents

•Resources & Support•Permission•AP Night/Nature of Course

•E-mail lists•Summer Assignment•Collaboration •Choosing textbooks•Professional Development/Training•AP Exam

•Colleges & Universities-Credits & Acceptance•Format•Preparation

•Professional Organizations & Identify resources •AP Central

•Syllabus •AP Designation•listserve

ResourcesType Address Overview

Data •www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/geos/gz.html•http://cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html

CIA. The World Factbook

Countries A-Z •www.atlaspedia.com/online/country_index.htm

Map sites •http://showmappingworlds.com/

Videos – all units http://www.learner.org/powerofplace/ *Power of Place

Census Bureau •http://factfinder.census.gov/home/saff/main.html?_lang=en•www.prb.org•http://demography.anu.edu.au/VirtualLibrary/CensusData.html

Population data

AP Central •apcentral.collegeboard.com•apcentral.collegeboard.com/humangeo

Course description, teaching tips, sample syllabi, lesson plans, articles, teacher resources, discussion groups, newsletter, information on exam, sample free-response and scoring guides

Reading Assignments •The World is Flat, Thomas Friedman•Guns, Germs, & Steele, by Jared Diamond (video)

Global Connections •www.pbs.org/wghb/globalconnections•www.nationalgeographic.com/

Textbooks Kuby, Rubenstein, Knox/Marston, DeBlij, etc.

Multilingual Newspaper Translator

www.humanits-international.org/newstra/index.html

Teacher Guides National Council for Geographic Education. The Journal of Geography 99, no 2/3 (May-August 2000).

Provides broad view of the different units of study in APHG

Referencesde Blij, H.J., and Alexander B. Murphy. Human Geography: Culture, Society, and Space.

7th ed. New York: John Wiley, 2003.Knox, Paul L., and Sallie A. Marston. Places and Regions in Global Context: Human

Geography. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: W.H. Freeman, 2003.Kuby, Michael, John Harner, and Patricia Gober. Human Geography in Action.3rd ed. New

York: John Wiley, 2004.National Council for Geographic Education. The Journal of Geography 99, no. 2/3 (May-

August 2000). The Power of Place: Geography for the 21st Century series. N.p.: Annenberg/CPB,

2003. Video.Rubenstein, James M. The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography.

7th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2002.www.creativecommons.orgwww.google.images.com