hp-ux 11i v3: a mission-critical unix alternative to ...hp-ux 11i v3: a mission-critical unix...

HP-UX 11i v3 a mission-critical UNIX alternative to Oracle Solaris

Optimize and reduce costs in your data center by migrating from Oracle Solaris running on legacy Oracle-Sun SPARC to HP-UX 11i v3 running on Integrity server powered with Intelreg Itaniumreg Processor

Technical white paper

Table of contents

Executive Summary 2

Similarity Minimizes Cost of Change 3 System Management Commands 3 File System 4 Performance Optimization Tools 4

Unique Capabilities Increase ROI 6 Security 6 High Availability 8 Virtualization 9 Integrated by Design 16 HP-UX Operating Environment Bundles 17 Extended Support and Long-term Public Roadmap 18

TCO Analysis 19

For More Information 20

Call to Action 21

Appendix A ndash Admin Commands Comparison 22

2

Executive Summary Your older SPARC servers are reaching end-of-life You want to take this opportunity to consolidate and perhaps even consider an alternative platform How can you do this with minimal interruption and lower cost

The decision to migrate from SPARC to an alternative platform includes choosing the target operating system which requires a careful selection process You must consider the skill set of your IT staff selecting a non-UNIX solution that is radically different from your existing environment could require extensive retraining of your existing staff You also need to take into account the technical features of the operating system and its ability to support your current applications as well as to support your future business requirements

Hewlett-Packard has been delivering mission-critical systems for decades and offering a wide range of processor and server choices along with operating system options HP offers Intelreg Xeonreg processor-based ProLiant servers and Intel Itanium processor-based Integrity servers HP has the right solution to meet your needs―offering flexibility and choice For instance you can choose migration to Windowsreg or Linuxreg on HP ProLiant servers or Solaris on HP ProLiant servers or HP-UX on Integrity for mission-critical environments In many cases you can achieve tremendous cost savings by adopting a ldquosplit tierrdquo environment of HP ProLiant and Integrity servers running a mix of Windows Linux and HP-UX 11i

This paper will focus on leveraging HP-UX on Integrity

HP is a leading supplier of commercial UNIX solutions The HP-UX operating system has a long history of supporting mission-critical environments Today HP-UX and HP Integrity servers support 81 of the Global 100 enterprises and thousands of customers worldwide bringing leadership mission-critical performance and virtualization to businesses of all sizes

This whitepaper explores the functionality and management of Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3 Similarities between the two UNIXreg operating systems lower the migration costs associated with a move from Solaris to enterprise-class HP-UX 11i compared to moving to a non-UNIX environment With HP-UX 11i on HP Integrity servers you can preserve UNIX skills and software assets improve utilization and simplify and automate management and processes all in a secure more agile UNIX mission-critical operating environment

The paper also discusses HP-UX 11i v3 unique capabilities that will add value to your IT operations These capabilities focus on eliminating downtime increasing flexibility and scalability simplifying management tightening security and optimizing performance with more control over resource alignment to workload and business requirements

In summary transitioning from Solaris to HP-UX 11i v3 preserves and capitalizes on your UNIX system management assets Your return on investment multiplies as you deploy the mission-critical advantages of HP-UX 11i v3mdashintegrated partitioning and workload management instant capacity-on-demand high availability solutions and advanced centralized system management

3

Similarity Minimizes Cost of Change

System Management Commands Moving from Oracle Solaris to another operating system can involve training to re-skill staff to manage the new environment but a move from Oracle Solaris to HP-UX 11i preserves and capitalizes on common UNIX system administration Due to a common UNIX heritage Oracle Solaris and HP-UX 11i share the same operating system philosophy structure and in many cases actual commands Most commands and tools used daily by system administrators are at least comparable and in many cases identical resulting in a fast learning curve

Commands are similar for managing users groups and shells files and file systems accessing directories and finding software basic processes and jobs system logs starting and shutting down the system and network interfaces and services

Table 1 below shows the most frequently used UNIX commands to manage users groups and UNIX shells for Oracle Solaris and HP-UX 11indashthey are identical in most cases

Table 1 The most frequently used UNIX commands to manage users

Command type Solaris HP-UX 11i

User and group files etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na

Deafault defs etcskel etcskel

Command line useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

System wide shell etcprofile

etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin

Bourne shell usrbinsh usrbinsh

Posix shell usrxpg4binsh usrbinsh

Job shell usrbinjsh use POSIX Shell

Korn shell usrbinksh usrbinksh

C shell usrbincsh usrbincsh

Bourn-Again shell usrbinbash usrlocalbinbash

TC shell usrbintcsh usrlocalbintcsh

Z shell usrbinzsh usrlocalbinzsh

Specific for Solaris Resource Management feature Available from HP-UX Porting Archive

A complete comparison of system management commands for the two operating systems is covered in Appendix A of this document

4

Bottom line Both Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3 are UNIX 03 compliant thus most of the basic API and commands are the same Apart from hardware-dependent commands HP-UX is very similar to Solaris Eighty percent of HP-UX system management commands are identical to Solaris commands Solaris administrators should feel right at home with HP-UX

File System Before Oracle Solaris 10 UFS was the only default file system shipped with Solaris UFS is a block- based logging file system Like many traditional file systems UFS uses a volume managerndashSun Volume Managerndashto manage a large number of disks or when the disk size is larger than 1TB

Oracle Solaris also supports VxFS and VxVM as an alternative file system and volume manager VxFS and VxVM are not integrated with Solaris Solaris customers can purchase the software from Symantec

ZFS (Zettabyte File System) is a new file system released in Solaris 10 In an attempt to support much larger file systems and increase data integrity Sun introduced ZFS as an alternative to UFS ZFS departs from traditional file systems by eliminating the concept of volumes ZFS is a hybrid file system and volume manager Being a hybrid means that ZFS manages storage differently than traditional solutions Traditionally you have a one-to-one mapping of file systems to disk partitions or alternately you have a one-to-one mapping of file systems to logical volumes each of which is made up of one or more disks In ZFS all disks participate in one storage pool Each ZFS file system has the use of all disk drives in the pool and since file systems are not mapped to volumes all space is shared

The default file system delivered with HP-UX 11i v3 is based on VxFS and is also known as JFS JFS is an extent-based logging file system JFS utilizes a volume manager either LVM or VxVM to aggregate underlying storage and to create logical volumes that remove disk and LUN boundaries When deployed in conjunction with HP-UX Serviceguard JFS provides a clustered file system that spans servers to provide concurrent access to storage and enable faster failover of applications and databases The Oracle Disk Manager (ODM) component in the Serviceguard Storage Management Suite helps to improve Oracle database performance through the file system by as much as a factor of 10

Bottom line Most of the new features available in ZFS can be matched with the existing JFS and volume manager VxVM or LVM available in HP-UX 11i v3 Since many of the operating system features and functions in Solaris including UFS file system management map easily to those found in HP-UX 11i v3 existing Solaris administrators will find the transition to JFS management on HP-UX 11i v3 a very straightforward and intuitive process Customers who are currently using VxFS on Solaris will find a familiar storage management environment in HP-UX 11i v3 JFS on HP-UX 11i and VxFS on Solaris come from the same vendor Symantec

Performance Optimization Tools To extract the maximum performance from systems administrators require extensive visibility over the live behavior of system components so that they can diagnose performance bottlenecks and failures

Most of the native performance management capabilities provided by Oracle Solaris are more low-level command line tools such as iostat vmstat netstat etc Oracle Solaris 10 includes a kernel tracing tool called DTrace a dynamic tracing framework for live troubleshooting of kernel and application problems on production systems DTrace is also implemented in Oraclersquos Sun ZFS Storage Appliance product line allowing storage administrators to analyze and optimize a storage system DTrace can be used to get a global overview of a running system such as the amount of memory CPU time file system and network resources used by an active process

5

Thousands of built-in probes in various kernel modules allow DTrace to record data When a module is executed probes within the module (triggered by the tracing program) report on a variety of information about their events To do tracing the user creates hisher own custom programs using the D programming language to dynamically instrument the system and to get the tracersquos output DTracersquos strength is the ability to trace a live kernel on a production system However creating a good tracing program requires learning a programming language (albeit a developer who knows C language would learn fast) and kernel internal knowledge

HP offers a strong set of tools for interactively managing the performance of the HP-UX operating system and its workloads These include GlancePlus Pak and PerfView for optimizing system performance (both also support AIX and Solaris) and HP Caliper for optimizing application performance

GlancePlus Pak provides an overview of system performance allowing administrators to examine system activities identify and resolve performance bottlenecks and tune the system Administrators can view live summaries of data on the performance of HP-UX systems and then drill down to diagnostic details at the system level application level and process level Performance metrics can be collected for analysis on a historical basis and alarms can be set up to trigger automated commands or scripts based on any combination of metrics

HP Caliper is a general-purpose performance analysis tool for applications processes and systems It monitors the execution of an application and identifies ways to improve performance HP Caliper has a command line interface as well as a GUI which can be used interchangeably Caliper utilizes the PMU (Performance Measurement Unit) in the Intel Itanium processor and provides more accurate performance information

HPrsquos equivalent of DTrace is ktracer ktracer enables performance analysis of processes and systems to detect performance bottlenecks pinpoint issues and discover opportunities to improve performance With more than 40000 customizable trace points ktracer can be used for system-wide performance analysis or process-specific performance tracking ktracer augments its use by providing rich reports full of performance data that provide easy-to-recognize performance trouble spots

ktracer is introduced and integrated with Caliper 50 which significantly improves the capability of performance analysis on HP-UX across the application and the kernel This capability provides the user with an overall performance view―tracking performance bottlenecks and issues throughout the stack ktracer and its report generator can easily be invoked through a simple Caliper command option

Table 2 Performance tools comparison between Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3

Solaris 10 HP-UX 11i v3

Performance management Low-level command line tools PerfView GlancePlus Pak Caliper (C++)

Kernel tracing Dynamic Tracing (DTrace) ktracer

Bottom line At the functional level both DTrace and ktracer offer users system performance management capabilities Even though the user can get much more granular information to pinpoint the problem using DTrace heshe would have to write hisher own tracing program using D language DTrace is complex to use a tool for kernel-level users with programming experience In contrast ktracer provides an easy command line interface and a rich report generation function that allow users without programming experience to achieve the same goal

6

Unique Capabilities Increase ROI

Security The need for application data and hardware security goes beyond the immediate risk of data compromise or income loss Security is part of a companyrsquos reputation and competitive edge The expectation that enterprise-class platforms will preserve application integrity and key data is an essential part of an IT environment While enterprises are trying to do more with less and decrease costs today security is an important factor and cannot be compromised

Oracle Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i have integrated the policy authorization and access control identification and authentication audit and alarms privacy and integrity and identity management solutions needed to best mitigate security threats Albeit there are differences in security features offered between Oracle Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3 for example Oracle doesnrsquot offer encrypted volume and file systems and HP does not offer labeled security or a fingerprint database file Both operating systems offer audit filtering but HP-UX 11i v3rsquos filtering is more granular

Table 3 Security features comparison between Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3

Security profile Oracle Solaris 10 HP-UX 11i v3

Encrypted volume and file systems No Yes

Trusted computing services No Yes

Host intrusion detection system No Yes

Install-time security Yes Yes

Security hardening and lockdown Yes Yes

Security patch-check Yes Yes

Role-based access control Yes Yes

Basic audit Yes Yes

Audit filtering Yes Yes

Audit reporting No Yes

Secure NFS Yes Yes

Identity management integration (IdMI) Yes Yes

Select access for IdMI No Yes

IP filtering Yes Yes

IP security Yes Yes

Directory server Yes Yes

Kerberos server and client Yes Yes

AAA authentication server No Yes

Shadow passwords Yes Yes

Secure shell Yes Yes

OpenSSL Yes Yes

Labeled security Yes No

7

Fingerprint database file Yes No

GUI security management No Yes

The Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation (abbreviated as Common Criteria or CC) is an international standard (ISOIEC 15408) for computer security certification CC is an internationally agreed approach for evaluating the security qualities of products and systems To assure comprehensive security coverage for mission-critical environment consumersrsquo security solutions must protect the system the data and customersrsquo identities Security certifications are an important independent validation of whole operating systems The enterprise can use the evaluation results to help decide whether an evaluated product or system fulfills the enterprisersquos security needs These security needs are typically identified as a result of risk analysis and policy direction

The table below shows certification achievements by both companies

Table 4 Security certifications comparison between Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3

Oracle Solaris 10 HP-UX 11i v3

Certifications Oracle Solaris 10 1106 is currently in evaluation at EAL4+

HP-UX 11iv3 Common criteria Certification to EAL4+ the newest protection profile CCOPP

httpwwworaclecomusproductsservers-storagesolarissolaris-10-security-ds-075582pdf Oracle Solaris 10 305 has completed evaluation at EAL4+ with CAPP and RBACPP

httpwwwcommoncriteriaportalorgfilesepfilescrp251pdf

HP-UX Bastille (System Hardening Tool) CIS certified

httpcisecurityorgen-usroute=membershipcertifiedhpB33

FIPS 140-2 certification for Open SSL by the Cryptographic Module Validation Program (CMVP)

HP-UX IPSec (A0300) supports the latest set of IPsec RFCs including RFC 4301 RFC 4306 (IKEv2) and is compliant with the requirements specified in the US Governments DISR v2 (DoD Information Technology Standards Registry)

HP-UX IPSEC is now a IPV6 Logo 2 compliant IPSEc implementation

HP unique capability HP-UX 11i offers integrated UNIX security protection through a comprehensive and integrated set of security components aimed at proactively mitigating risk reducing compliance cost accelerating time to implementation and lowering IT costs by providing this security rich feature set at no additional cost With a number of security certifications awarded HP-UX 11i v3 provides the assurance that the operating system complies with high level industry and international standards

8

High Availability In mission-critical environments administrators typically use high availability (HA) clusters to maintain the availability of operating system services networks and applications in the event of a failure that affects a portion of the system or the entire system HA clusters are configured with redundancy and failover between nodes to ensure service restoration within a reasonable time limit

Oracle Solaris provides high availability with the Oracle Solaris Cluster solution Like most HA cluster solutions Oracle Solaris Cluster supports local clusters within a site stretch clusters over campus and metropolitan areas as well as geographical ranges with Solaris Cluster Geographic Edition Oracle Solaris Cluster supports Oracle virtualization software allowing a mix of physical servers and partitions to be used in the cluster However Oracle Solaris Cluster does not have tight integration with workload management virtualization infrastructure management and utility pricing

Oracle Solaris Cluster supports multiple options for concurrent file system access from multiple nodes of the cluster the PxFS file system is supported as a cluster file system for general-purpose applications and the QFS file system is supported as a shared file system for Oracle RAC

HP-UX provides high availability with Serviceguard Solutions HPrsquos Serviceguard Solutions portfolio is recognized as one of the most proven high availability and disaster recovery (DR) stacks in the industry with more than 750000 licenses sold worldwide to date Serviceguard Solutions provide capabilities ranging from cluster failover to cross-campus (Extended Distance Cluster) cross-city (MetroCluster) and cross-continent (Continental Clusters) disaster recovery Serviceguard is fully integrated with all four partitioning models as described below allowing clusters to be deployed in partitioned environments so that the computing resources assigned to cluster nodes can be precisely calibrated Integration of Serviceguard with a goal-based workload manager makes it possible to fail-over to an active partition or server and prioritizes the resource allocation so performance of the critical workload protected by Serviceguard is preserved Serviceguard Solutions also work with HPrsquos utility pricing to synchronize movement of hardware resources and software licenses along with a service during failover

For enterprise mission-critical applications running on HP-UX 11i such as Oracle RAC and SAP HP extends Serviceguardrsquos powerful failover capabilities to these applications through pre-integrated and pre-tested software suites Serviceguard Extension for RAC and Serviceguard Extension for SAP

HP Serviceguard Extension for RAC (SGeRAC) amplifies the availability and simplifies the management of Oracle Real Application Cluster (RAC) The tight integration between SGeRAC and Oracle RAC enables faster detection and failover and nearly continuous application availability by implementing a fully-disaster tolerant solution SGeRAC supports four storage management options for Oracle RAC Cluster File System (CFS) Shared Logical Volume Manager (SLVM) Cluster Volume Manager (CVM) and Automated Storage Management (ASM) on SLVM and raw volumes

HP Serviceguard Extension for SAP (SGeSAP) protects SAP environments by automatically detecting failures or threshold violations and then immediately restoring any affected application to the required availability levels This protection includes high availability for SAP liveCache a high performance in-memory database In the event of an unplanned outage a built-in feature of HP Extension for SAP called HP Hot Standby liveCache helps ensure that the liveCache is back up and running at full performance in less than two minutes

Extending high availability to storage Symantecrsquos Veritas Storage Foundation Serviceguard Storage Management Suite (SG SMS) combines HP Serviceguard and Symantecrsquos Veritas Storage Foundation to offer a cluster file system that delivers improved availability performance and manageability for Oracle Database and Oracle RAC environments on HP-UX 11i SG SMS is also ideal for applications that would benefit from the improved manageability and scalability offered through a clustered file system

9

Table 5 High availability comparison between Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3


Local cluster Oracle Solaris Cluster Serviceguard

Multi-site cluster Stretch cluster Serviceguard Extended Distance Cluster Serviceguard MetroCluster

DR clusters Solaris Cluster Geographic Edition Serviceguard Continental Clusters

Cluster file system PxFS for general purpose

QFS for Oracle RAC

Serviceguard Cluster File System

Oracle RAC integration None Serviceguard Extension for Oracle

SAP integration None Serviceguard Extension for SAP

Virtual infrastructure integration None Matrix Operating Environment

HP unique capability HP Serviceguard Solutions portfolio is the most proven HA and DR solution in the industry HP Serviceguardrsquos tight integration with virtualization workload manager and utility pricing delivers increased service availability optimized capacity utilization and improved performance to business-critical environments on HP-UX

Virtualization Virtualization continues to take hold across the industry due to the proven ability to deliver a variety of business and operational benefits including consolidating simplifying testing and development and continuing to support workloads from older operating environments on modern hardware One of the most basic enablers of virtualization is the ability to run multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single server This can be achieved through several ways including server partitioning hardware assistance virtual machines and virtual servers

Virtualization Techniques Oracle Solaris virtualization includes Dynamic System Domains and Extended System Domains (on M-series) Oracle VM Server for SPARC and Solaris Containers

bull Dynamic System Domains (DSD) is a hard partitioning technology on Oraclersquos SPARC M-series server DSD divides the system into multiple electrically isolated partitions or domains Each domain is a self-contained server of one or multiple system boards containing CPU memory IO boot-disk and network resources running Solaris in single or multiple instances With Extended Domains on M-series the resolution for a domain can be as small as one socket Resources allocated to individual domains can be dynamically adjusted to meet changing demands

bull Oracle VM Server for SPARC (formerly known as Logical Domains or LDoms) is a system-level hybrid virtualization technology on Oraclersquos SPARC T-series server this technology is halfway between software partition and virtual machine Oracle VM Server for SPARC relies on firmware support from the T-series SPARC processors to sub-divide system resources by creating partitions called logical (or virtual) domains Oracle VM Server for SPARC allows multiple Solaris operating systems to run simultaneously on a single platform Similar to software partition LDoms allocate whole CPUs (hardware threads) and real physical memory Unlike a virtual machine where the granularity is sub-CPU LDoms cannot time-slice a single CPU or thread between different OS images LDoms statically allocate CPU resources to each OS While the CPUs can be migrated

10

there is no automated way to manage the migration Similar to a virtual machine IO in LDoms is virtualized One or two domains can have real IO and serve it to the rest of the domains in the system

bull Solaris Containers (aka Zones) is an OS-level virtualization technology built in to Solaris 10 Using software-defined boundariesndashalso known as Zonesndashto isolate applications and services Solaris Container allows multiple private execution environments to be created within a single instance of Solaris 10 A native default zone on the Oracle Solaris 10 OS is called a container Other containers running on Oracle Solaris 10 include Oracle Solaris 8 Containers and Oracle Solaris 9 Containers Many people use the terms ldquozonerdquo and ldquocontainerrdquo interchangeably

Even though Oracle Solaris offers several virtualization methods not all technologies are available on all hardware platforms Dynamic System Domains is available only on Mndashseries (and older enterprise SPARC systems) Oracle VM Server for SPARC is available only on Tndashseries

HP offers a broad set of partitioning and virtualization solutions ranging from electrical and software partitions to virtual machines and shared OS virtualization on Integrity servers These technologies can be used separately or in combination to provide separate OS instances or containers The solutions provide isolation consolidation or workload balancing―thereby reducing costs protecting operating environments and increasing the agility of resources

Figure 1 HP Partitioning Continuum

Application 1Guaranteed compute resources (share or percentages)


Application nGuaranteed compute resources (share or percentages)

Application 3

Hard Partition 1

vPar 1bull OS + fault isolationbull Dedicated CPU RAM


Virtual Machine 1bull OS + SW fault isolationbull Virtual +shared CPU IObull Virtualized Memory

Hard Partition 1


HPUX UniqueCapabilities

nPar 1bull OS image with HW fault isolation bull Dedicated CPU RAM amp IO


nPar 3


Node

Single Physical NodeSingle OS image perNode within a cluster

HP nPartitionsHard partitionswithin a node

HP Virtual Partitions amp HPIntegrity Virtual MachinesWithin a node Hard partitions (or server)

HP Secure Resource Partitionssecure partitions within an OS image

Isolation Flexibility

11

The major partitioning and virtualization strategies available on HP-UX are as follows

bull Hard Partitions (nPars) provide complete electrical isolation between operating system instances so that hardware or software errors in one partition cannot crash or panic other partitions (requires cell-based servers) Electrical isolation also enables a key nPars advantage in online serviceability (ie the ability to addreplace real memoryCPU resources without impacting the entire system) The size of an nPartition can range from a single blade to the entire system nPars within an HP Integrity Superdome 2 server can run multiple HP-UX (different release levels) in parallel Superdome 2 servers also allow users to further virtualize the resources allocated to an nPartition

bull HPrsquos Soft (Virtual) Partitions (vPars) offer finer granularity than nPars vPars can be as small as a single CPU and can be used to host multiple instances of HP-UX 11i v3 each of which can be independently managed HPrsquos vPars can run simultaneously on one server or on nPar by dividing it into virtual partitions Since the OS still has direct access to the CPUs memory and IO resources that are assigned to it vPars offer close to standalone server performance with the flexibility of software partitions As a new feature in Superdome 2 vPars do not require an OS vPars monitor and suffer no performance penalties In Superdome 2 systems vPars allow multiple instances of HP-UX to execute in parallel without the overhead of hypervisors

bull HP Integrity Virtual Machine (VM) offers the finest granularity for running multiple complete operating system instances (up to 20 per processor or core) HP Integrity VM is a true virtual machine implementation with fully virtualized processors memory and IO HP Integrity VM is flexible allowing finer grained CPU allocation as well as time-slice allocation of CPUs That means one OS can be using 5 CPUs one moment and half of a CPU a moment later and the host can time-slice those CPUs to other OSs The time-slices come every 10 milliseconds so the solution can really improve utilization as CPUs are moved seamlessly and very rapidly between OSs Virtual machines can run HP-UX 11i Windows and OpenVMS allowing these operating systems to be run simultaneously on a server or within an nPar Resources can be dynamically moved between guests without affecting the operations of the running applications

bull HP-UX Secure Resource Partition (SRP) provides a lightweight workload deployment environment enabling applications to be ldquostackedrdquo securely within a single instance of the HP-UX 11i operating system The core functionality of SRP is provided by security containment that is used for process isolation and mandatory access control and by the process resource manager that is used to implement resource entitlements Each SRP has a set of mandatory access control rules that can be placed on files directories network access as well as inter-process communication This allows the administrator to restrict what access a user or process running in a partition has to the resources regardless of the underlying access control Resource entitlement may be applied to an SRP to restrict or guarantee a certain level of system resources such as CPU memory and disk bandwidth the process group running in a partition can use SRPrsquos CPU entitlements can be set down to a sub-CPU level enabling many workloads that do not require a large CPU usage to be consolidated on a single system

12

Table 6 Virtualization comparison between Oracle Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3


Hardware partitioning Dynamic System Domains (available only on system board enterprise SPARC systems)

nPars

Software partitioning

Oracle VM Servers for SPARC - aka LDoms (available only on T-series servers)

vPars (multiple vPars can run simultaneously on one server or nPar)

Virtual machine Integrity VMs (multiple VMs can run simultaneously on one server or nPar support heterogeneous operating systems)

OS virtualization Solaris Containers Secure Resource Partition

HP unique capability The range of virtualization approaches available for HP-UX allows users to match applications with virtualization methods based on the applicationsrsquo specific performance isolation and flexibility requirements for example it is possible to nest different virtualization functionsndashie deploy vPars or HP Integrity Virtual Machines inside of nPars HP Integrity VMs are supported across the entire line of Integrity servers with virtual machines running of HP-UX 11i Windows and OpenVMS

Virtualization Management One of the biggest challenges virtualization presents is the difficulty of managing a virtual infrastructure layered over a physical infrastructure In virtualized environments clearly identifying where services applications and data reside and understanding how they all work together can be difficult As the environment becomes more complex good management tools become a critical element in controlling overall TCOndashand preserving the sanity of administrators

Within Oracle Enterprise Managerrsquos portfolio Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center a data center automation tool that provides discovery and management of physical and virtual servers Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center is available through the following packaging options

bull Ops Center Provisioning and Patch Automation provides server and Operating System (OS) discovery OS and firmware provisioning and updating server and OS monitoring and resource management

bull Ops Center Virtualization Management Pack1

Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center 11g released in November 2010 also includes features for managing Oraclersquos Sun ZFS Storage Appliance and network devices such as Oraclersquos Infiniband and Ethernet switches

provides Solaris Containers and Oracle VM Server for SPARC virtual guest lifecycle management resource monitoring and management resource pools and workload migration

HP simplifies control of virtual infrastructure through a fully integrated software family with HP System Insight Manager (SIM) covering planning management and automation HP SIM is the foundation for the HP unified infrastructure management strategy providing the ability to manage HP servers and storage from a single point of control With a single management view HP SIM provides a common look and feel across all Integrity server-supported operating systems whether they are physical servers

1 This pack requires Ops Center Provisioning and Patch Automation

13

or part of a virtual environment One of the key add-ons for SIM that help implement virtual infrastructure is HP Matrix Operating Environment2

Workload Management Tools

for Integrity servers

HP Matrix Operating Environment is an advanced infrastructure lifecycle management software suite that allows customers to instantly adjust their environment to dynamic business demands Through tight integration with partitioning high availability and disaster recovery and utility pricing HP Matrix Operating Environment allows you to maintain service levels in the event of downtime and to pay for spare capacity on an as-needed basis

HP unique capability HP SIM provides a simplified single-pane-of-glass management interface for the entire data center that reduces complexity reduces time to operation increases commonality across solutions and reduces cost Serviceguardrsquos tight integration with Matrix Operating Environment delivers improved availability manageability and performance to business-critical environments on HP-UX

Resource management tools work within a single operating system instance to effectively manage constantly changing workloads so that multiple applications can coexist in a single environment The tools work by efficiently allocating system resources such as CPU memory and IO to different applications via customized policies More advanced resource management tools have the ability to work across multiple systems enabling the resources of multiple servers to be managed as a single pool

The current workload management tool available with Oracle Solaris 10 is Oracle Solaris Resource Manager (SRM) SRM manages only basic system resources within a single system To enable the management of resources in the system Oracle Solaris Resource Manager (SRM) uses an entitlement approach for managing system resources SRM provides the ability to control and allocate CPU time processes virtual memory connect time and logins SRM uses a fair-share scheduler to control CPU consumption Each user group or application gets different numbers of CPU shares As the user group or application processes consume CPU services SRM tracks CPU usage and adjusts the priorities of all processes SRM provides a structure for organizing workloads and resources through configuration files and low-level command lines for defining the quantity of resources that a particular unit of workload can consume SRM provides no management control based on the service-level objectives of applications

HP-UX offers several powerful tools for managing resources at a fine level of granularity on single a system and across multiple systems

bull HP Process Resource Manager (PRM) enables consolidation of applications within a single copy of HP-UX with the assurance that no single application will monopolize server resources and thus adversely affect other applications PRM is a mature resource management tool that controls CPU memory and IO utilization based on a defined set of priorities PRM can also be used to adjust resources on the fly

bull HP Global Workload Manager (gWLM) is an intelligent policy engine that monitors workloads based on policy goals and automatically migrates CPU resources between OS instances to respond to changing workload demands A key component of the HP Virtual Server Environment gWLM helps organizations pool and share IT resources to improve utilization and align supply with demand HP gWLM also integrates with utility pricing to activate and deactivate additional resources based on real-time requirements

2 Delivered through Insight Dynamics―VSE

14

HP gWLM offers the following benefits across Integrity servers

o Improved CPU utilization due to dynamic policy-based CPU allocation o Ease of management for a large number of systems with central management server integrated

with HP Systems Insight Manager (SIM) o Automated deployment of reserve capacity so that customers pay only for what they need when

they need it

HP unique capability Tightly integrated with virtualization and Serviceguard gWLM enables IT administrators to automatically align server resources with business needs offering granular control of system resources operations and configuration Typical gWLM environments see up to double the CPU utilization resulting in 30-50 reduction in core counts and related software license costs

Utility Pricing Solutions Sun before being acquired by Oracle offered a pay-per-use model based on a Grid subscription with Sun Grid at networkcom Sun closed the service at the end of 2008 Sun also offered Capacity on Demand (COD) and Temporary Capacity on Demand (T-COD) COD and T-COD options were available on Sun Fire while only the COD option was available on M-series Currently only COD options are shown as available for purchase

HP offers two types of utility pricing solutions Pay per use (PPU)mdashintended for companies to address widely varying capacity requirements yet maintain the flexibility to pay for server capacity based on actual IT usage and Instant Capacity (iCAP)mdashfor companies responding to rapid growth or predictable temporary demand

bull The HP Pay per use (PPU) metering system for Integrity servers available for a lease option offers real-time access to reserve capacity without having to pay for that capacity when not in use The system measures how much capacity your organization uses and bills youmdashif you use less you pay less In addition HP caps the total payments to ensure you will never pay more than you would for a comparable lease HP also provides utilization detail you can use to bill back to internal or external organizations

HP unique capability Workloads that are extremely high during peak periods and are very low during off-hours are a facet of every data center The traditional sizing methodology dictates a server large enough to accommodate a peak workload that may lie relatively idle during low workload times PPU is an alternative to sizing systems for peak workloads Through a leasing option HP provides servers sized for the peak workload but customers pay for only what they use Using PPU with HP Integrity Servers in the data center avoids overbuilt and underutilized servers

bull Instant Capacity (iCAP) which is available on a purchase option offers a method of instant processor provisioning as well as temporary processor provisioning Both features are efficient and effective for a cost-conscious data center No longer do you have to overprovision a server from day one or go through a manual process to add processors at inconvenient times HP offers three types of iCAP o Instant Capacity for HP Integrity Superdome 2 blades and memory provides the capability to

quickly add cores and memory capacity when needed while paying only a fraction of the cost until used

o Temporary Instant Capacity (TiCAP) provides pre-purchased processing time which can be used to turn cores on and off as needed

o HP Global Instant Capacity (GiCAP) allows IT to share iCAP usage rights among a group of servers enabling more cost-effective disaster recovery and high availability more efficient use of data center resources and more flexibility in resource utilization

15

HP unique capability HP iCAP is a flexible and powerful tool that matches computing resources to application loads in a dynamic manner which saves money and provides a fast response to changing business requirements

System Management At the system management level Oracle Solaris 10 provides Solaris Management Console 21 Suites of Tools Solaris Management Console is a graphical user interface that provides access to Solaris system administration tools collections referred to as toolboxes The console includes a default toolbox with basic management tools including tools for managing the following

bull Users bull System information bull Cron jobs for mounting and sharing file systems bull Cron jobs for managing disks and serial ports

Users can add tools to the existing toolbox or create new toolboxes The console supports RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) and provides a command line interface

System updates and patching management are supported through the Ops Center Provisioning and Patching Automation software pack within the Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center

HP provides HP System Management Homepage (HP SMH) a single-system web-based management solution for managing HP-UX 11i The key features of HP SMH include system administration capabilities and the ability to display detailed information about hardware attributes HP SMH provides an easy-to-use interface for displaying hardware fault and status monitoring system thresholds diagnostics and software version control for an individual server by aggregating the data from HP web-based agents and management utilities HP SMH provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Text User Interface (TUI) and Command-Line Interface (CLI) for managing HP-UX For beginners HP SMH also offers the pre-view capability where all GUI actions are available for review and learning as CLI That way administrators who have never used HP-UX before can utilize HP SIM GUI and still learn CLI in a safe and fast fashion

HP SMH integrates with HP Systems Insight Manager (HP SIM) HP SIM communicates with HP System Management Homepage to track server health and performance and to maintain up-to-date server inventory data The integration also supports group configuration and setup via HP SIM When used in conjunction with HP SIM alerts may be transmitted to appropriate individuals via e-mail or pager notification

For system update and patch management HP provides HP-UX Software Assistant (SWA) a tool that consolidates and simplifies patch management and security bulletin management on HP-UX systems SWA is the HP-recommended utility to use to maintain currency with HP-published security bulletins for HP-UX software SWA can perform a number of checks including applicable security bulletins and installed patches with critical warnings Once an analysis has been performed SWA can be used to download any recommended patches or patch bundles and create a depot ready for installation

SWA can be utilized from the command line and supports integration with HP SIM providing enhancements for multi-system patching and analysis

HP unique capability HP-UX simplifies operations and reduces management complexity with a single-pane-of-glass management console to govern physical and virtual systems HP-UX simplifies and accelerates upgrades software deployment patching and security alerts

16

Integrated by Design By integrating intelligent control (gWLM) with partitioning technologies (nPars vPars Integrity VM) high-availability solutions (Serviceguard) and utility pricing (iCAP TiCAP GiCAP PPU) HP VSE helps maintain service levels and increase business agility As a result VSE enables customers to control which applications are the most important designate how much of the available computing resources those applications get and automatically change those allocations on an ongoing basis VSE will automatically and dynamically readjust resource allocations in response to changes in workload demand or failure conditions For instance if customers experience a disaster they may want only their top-tier applications to operate for the first few days Alternatively users may want to use the failover capability to move software application packages between servers in a cluster whenever desired not just in a failed cluster node scenario Upon failure Serviceguard can move virtual machines automatically to the failover node This failover works seamlessly since Serviceguard can be loaded directly into the Integrity VM host Further gWLM can be leveraged to automatically reallocate (or invoke) resources after failover to retain service-level goals This integration of Serviceguard clustering and disaster recovery with HPrsquos virtualization and workload management functions as well as HPrsquos utility pricing offerings means that workloads can automatically maintain service levels even in the event of failures within a data center or of an entire data center

Figure 2 Integrated by design

nParsvPars andIntegrity

VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU

ServiceguardSolutions

It all just works

HP unique capability Partitioning workload management Instant Capacity and high availability are all integrated into the Data Center Operating Environment (DC-OE) designed and tested together to provide integrated mission-critical virtualization No other vendor combines all these elements into a single complete solution

17

HP-UX Operating Environment Bundles Oracle Solaris doesnrsquot have a specific operating environment software bundle HP-UX is the first of the UNIX systems to introduce the operating environment which bundles groups of layered applications for specific IT purposes

HP-UX 11i is deployed in different Operating Environments (OEs)mdashHP-tested and -integrated software packages that deliver the HP-UX 11i operating system and related software with the choice of tools needed in your IT environment The OEs relieve system administrators of the need to spend the days to weeks it takes to piece together a complete UNIX stack Simplification spans ordering installation licensing and updates

Figure 3 Data Center Operating Environment (DC-OE)

Data Center Operating Environment(DC-OE)

High Availability OE (HA-OE) Virtual Server OE (VSE-OE)

Base OE plusServiceguard local amp stortch clousorsNFS ToolkitEnterprise CiusterMaster Toolkit with integration wizards for

bull Oracle DBbull IBM DB2bull MySQL Serverbull Sybase ASEbull CIFS9000bull Tomcatbull Apache

HA monitors MirrorDiskUXOnlineJFSGlancePlus PAK

Base OE(BOE)Base OE plusMatrix Operating Environment whichDelivers

bull gWLM or WLMbull Capacity Advisorbull Integrity Virtual

Machines(VM) Or Virtual Partitions (vParts)

bull Online VM Migration

bull Infrastructure Orchestration

bull Virtualization Manager

HA monitorsMirrorDiskUXOnlineJFSGlancePlus PAK

HP-UX 11i operating system plus

2-factor authenticationAAA serverAdvanced auditingPCI and Sox templatesBastille system hardeningTool-CIS certifiedBoot authenticationDirectory Server(Fedora-based)Encrypted Volume ampFile System (EVFS)Host Intrusion DetectionInstall-time securityIPFilterIPSecKerberos client servicesLong passwordsOpenSSLStrong random numberGeneratorSecurity ContainmentSecure ShellRole-based Access Control

Oracle C++ linkerMessage passing interfaceEMS frameworkIO driversCDEInternet ExpressHP-UX TomcatFirebox Web browserMozilla Web browserHP-UX Web Server SuiteJavatm icon fig HPjmeterJava RTE JDKJPLLanguagesCaliper with ktracerLibc enhancementCIFE client amp serverNFSBase VERITAS File SystemLogical Volume ManagerBase VERITASVolume ManagerAuto Port Aggregator

Dynamic nPartitonsProcess ResourceManager amp librariesSecure Resource PartitionsAccelerated Virtual IOPartitioning providers ampManagement toolsTrial gWLM agentiCAP (inc TiCAP amp GiCAP)Pay per useVSE MgmtVSE AssistSystems Insight ManagerSystem ManagementHome pageIgnite-UXDynamic Root DiskSoftware AssistantSoftware Distributer-UXSoftware Package BuilderDistributed SystemsAdministration UtilitiesSysFaultMgmtInsight Control powerManagement

The Data Center OE is a complete product set for supporting applications in the mission-critical data center Key capabilities include the following

bull Base OE HP-UX one of the leading commercial UNIX operating systems bull Virtual Server OE HPs Virtual Server Environment for partitioning virtual machine management

workload management capacity planning and the complementary software bull High Availability OE HP Serviceguard for failover clusters including failover disaster recovery and

remote clustering

The combination ensures uninterrupted and optimized support for mission-critical applications

HP unique capability OEs reduce time risk and cost through integration that improves deployment time reduces complexity simplifies lifetime maintenance and reduces operational costs Expensive and time-consuming consulting is no longer needed to deploy new solutions in the data center

18

Extended Support and Long-term Public Roadmap Oracle Solaris 10 was introduced in March 2005 with a support lifecycle of 10 years Since Solaris 10rsquos introduction the operating system has delivered 9 updates with the latest Solaris 10 update 9 released in September 2010 The next major release is Oracle Solaris 11 which Oracle plans to deliver sometime in 2011

Introduced in February 2007 HP-UX 11i v3 is the main enterprise release for HP-UX Biannually in March and September this release is updated to provide significant new functionality that customers can easily update without needing re-certification HP recognizes this non-disruptive approach to delivering improved functionality is essential to maintaining the stability required by our enterprise customers

The standard support lifecycle for most operating systems (HP-UX AIX Oracle Solaris Windows Server Red Hat Enterprise Linux) ranges between 7and10 years For HP-UX 11i v3 HP extends the end of factory support for HP-UX 11i v3 to December 31 2020mdash3 additional years beyond what is currently offered by the competition With a 13-year lifecycle HP-UX 11i v3 provides maximum stability continuity and investment protection to our customers for the next decade

HPrsquos commitment to the HP-UX business is unwavering one key proof point is the long-term public roadmap that we are delivering per our commitments HP will continue to enhance HP-UX 11i with update releases and the enhancements to Serviceguard Portfolio and Virtual Server Environment (VSE) HP-UX 11i v3 pushed the next levels of virtualization and optimization by pushing hard on flexibility capacity for significant workloads (including significant performance enhancements) single-system HA and security along with manageability enhancements to facilitate increasingly complex environments

Figure 4 Long-term public roadmap

HP-UX11i v2

Enterprise UnixFor HP IntegrityAnd HP 9000

server

HP-UX 11i v3Converged Infrastructure the next level of

Virtualization and automation

bull Flexibility with mission critical virtualizationbull Capability for most demanding workloadsbull Affordable data center class availability and

securitybull Centralized expert controlbull Embracing multi OS environment bladesbull Full support for future HP integrity servers

HP-UX11i v4

Zero downtimeVirtualization

bull Manageabilitybull Securitybull Availability

HP-UX11i v5

Next wave of Enterprisecomputing

Continuously releasing functionality to shipping release

bull Investment protection through binary compatibility and 10+ year of support lifebull Ongoing updates and major releases

Accelerating deployment reducing costs and improving service levels

2003 2007 And beyond

Sales through 2010 Recommended version for new deployments New development New Planning

19

HP unique capability HP makes a long-term commitment to supporting customersrsquo investments on HP-UX 11i v3 with 13 years of support life The roadmap is long term and public with new updates every 6 months and new releases roughly every 3-4 years More roadmap detail can be found at

TCO Analysis

wwwhpcomgohpux11iroadmap

An analysis of migrating from an old Oracle Sun SPARC server to the Superdome 2 powered with Intel Itanium 9300 processors running HP-UX11i v3 versus the Oracle Sun SPARC M9000 running Solaris 10 shows a clear 3-year TCO advantage for Superdome 2

The most important cost categories are included in this analysis

bull Hardware cost bull Server software (OS and Oracle database) bull Hardware and software support and maintenance bull System administration bull Facilities (power cooling space) bull IT change costs

Data Source Ideas International Ltd amp Alinean Inc were used to make the performance and cost comparisons (January 2011)

Comparison ndashOracle-Sun M9000 vs HP Superdome 2

Table 7 Comparative solution specifics ndash Oracle Sun M9000 vs HP Superdome 2

Server OS DBMS Server number SocketsCores Total cores

Oracle Sun M9000-32 SPARC64 VII 288GHz (26ch104co)

Solaris 10 Oracle 11g 1 26104 104

HP Integrity Superdome 2 Itanium 9340 16GHz (12ch48co)

HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20

Table 8 3-Year TCO comparisons ndash Oracle-Sun M9000 vs HP Superdome 2

TCO Comparison ndash Cumulative 3 Year

Solution A

Oracle Sun M9000 SPARC VII 104c

Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference

(A ndash B) Percentage

Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811

Server Software (OS amp DB) $0 $239616 ($239616) 00

Hardware and Software Support amp Maintenance $1965579 $1390794 $574785 292

System Administration $247923 $210486 $37437 151

Facilities (Power Cooling amp Floor space) $69558 $24735 $44823 644

IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413

Software licenses are being transferred from old Oracle Sun server to the new Oracle Sun server

TCOROI Summary (summary derived from Table 8)

bull Overall savings of 41 over 3 years with the HP Superdome 2 bull Hardware acquisition cost savings of 81 bull Hardware and software support and maintenance cost savings of 29 bull Facilities cost savings of 64

For More Information Intel Itanium Processor 9000 Sequence

HP Converged Infrastructure

httpwwwintelcomgoitanium

HP Serviceguard Solutions for High Availability and Disaster Recovery

httph18004www1hpcomproductssolutionsconvergedmainhtml

The HP Migration Center white paper

httpwwwhpcomgoserviceguardsolutions

Migrate to HP

httph20195www2hpcomv2GetPDFaspx4AA1-0783ENWpdf

httpwwwhpcomgomigratetohp

21

Call to Action While yoursquore evaluating a move from Solaris to HP-UX 11i v3 consider this additional assistance available from HP

bull Learn more about HP-UX 11i ndash Mission-Critical UNIX httpwwwhpcomgohpux bull Learn more about HP-UX 11i system management httpwwwhpcomgomanagehpux11i bull Get more information on HP partitioning and virtualization technologies

bull Evaluate our code porting tools if you have in-house code and scripts written for Solaris httpwwwhpcomgopartitioning httpwwwhpcomgovse

wwwhpcomgosun2hpux

When yoursquove made the decision to move from Solaris to HP-UX 11i support is available to accelerate your return to optimal system management productivity plus the new controls and automation available with HP-UX 11i v3

bull Trade-in credit toward HP-UX 11i licenses and HP Integrityreg Servers in return for your SPARC systems

bull Free 1-hour technical how-to Webcasts on how to use HP-UX 11i v3 software and tools httpwwwhpcomgokod

bull Education courses including one especially for Solaris-experienced system administrators httph10076www1hpcomeducationcurr-unixhtm

bull Consulting services to help you re-host your environment on HP-UX 11i as quickly efficiently and productively as possible Wersquore here if you need us

Take the TCO challenge See how quickly HP-UX 11i v3 will return on your UNIX investment httpwwwhpcomgotcochallenge

22

Appendix A ndash Admin Commands Comparison Common commands between Solaris and HP-UX 11i accelerate system administratorsrsquo productivity in a move from Solaris to HP-UX 11i Commands are similar for managing users groups and shells files and file systems accessing directories and finding software basic processes and jobs system logs starting and shutting down the system and network interfaces and services The following tables illustrate common commands in these areas

The most frequently used UNIX commands manage users groups and UNIX shells Table 9 lists the commands for Solaris and HP-UX 11indashthey are identical in most cases

Table 9 Lists the Common type commands for Solaris and HP-UX 11i



etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin

Bourne shell usrbinsh usrbinsh (POSIX)









23

Also frequently used are commands for managing files and file systems These are identical in some cases with option for a few Table 10 lists the related commands

Table 10 Lists the File system commands for Solaris and HP-UX 11i

Files and file systems Solaris HP-UX 11i

User files and dir commands ls cd find ls cd find

Mounting and unmounting Mount umount Mount umount

Boot time-mounted file systems etcvfstab

etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc

List mounted file systems df mount df mount bdf

A similar file system hierarchy means system administrators have an immediate grasp of the layout underpinning their UNIX environment Table 11 and table 12 illustrate the common directory hierarchy between Solaris and HP-UX 11i and the common structures used for products

Table 11 Common directory hierarchy between Solaris and HP-UX 11i

Directory location Solaris HP-UX 11i

Root

Device special files dev dev

Configuration files etc etc

Diskless file sharing export export

Define user home dirs home

lost+found

home

lost+found

Optional software opt varopt opt varopt

System binaries sbin sbin

Kernel and builds kernel

usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24

Table 12 Common Structures for Products between Solaris and HP-UX 11i

Structure for products Solaris HP-UX 11i

Configurations etcoptltproductgt etcoptltproductgt

Binaries main location usroptltproductgt usroptltproductgt

Logs varoptltproductgt varoptltproductgt

The commands used to manage basic UNIX processes and jobs are identical on HP-UX 11i and Solaris Table 13 lists those commands

Table 13 Commands used to manage basic UNIX processes and jobs

Basic processes and jobs Solaris HP-UX 11i

Process control ps kill nice renice pkill pgrep ps kill nice renice pkill pgrep

cron at batch etccrond

usrsbincron

varspoolcroncrontabs

varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog

The location of basic system log files is the same for both operating systems Variation occurs especially where HP-UX offers kernel logs unavailable on Solaris

Table 14 Location of basic system log files

System logs Solaris HP-UX 11i

ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmsyslogsysloglog

etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25

The commands for starting and shutting down the system are identical in most cases with some variance in configuration files at start-up

Table 15 Commands for starting and shutting down the system

System startup and shutdown Solaris HP-UX 11i

Startup SMF Service Management

Framework sbinrc[0-6S] etcrc[0-6S]d

sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d

sbininitd etcrcconfig etcrcconfigd

Shutdown shutdown reboot

init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt

Managing network interfaces and services uses the same command in most operations on both operating systems The tool for network interface card aggregation varies Table 16 compares these commands

Table 16 Commands for Managing network interfaces and services

Network interfaces and services Solaris HP-UX 11i

Interfaces name eriX iprbX lanX

Interface settings various in etc etcrcconfigdhpietherconf

etcrcconfigdnetconf

Showchange Netstat netstat

Interfaces chars Ifconfig ifconfig interfaces

lanscan lanadmin

Network daemon usrsbininetd usrsbininetd

Network daemon config SMF Service Management Framework etcinetdconf

Network services config IPMP and dladm etcservices

Failover between NICsNIC aggregation

IPMP Auto Port Aggregator (APA)

26

The commands and tools for building and configuring the UNIX kernels vary Table 17 compares these commands

Table 17 Commands and tools for building and configuring the UNIX kernels

Kernel build and configuration Solaris HP-UX 11i

Location kernel platform

usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]

Build files etcsystem

etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]

Tools sysdef modload modunload modinfo kconfig kcmodule kctune

kcpath kclog kcweb

kcusage (mk_kernel kmpath

kmtune for compatibility)

Managing storage uses the same commands on both operating systems for basic control Differences enter in when functionality diverges Table 18 compares storage management controls and commands

Table 18 Compares storage management controls and commands

Storage management Solaris HP-UX 11i

Device naming Physical location-dependent Agile addressing

Multi pathing MpxIO Native multipathing and load balancing built into HP-UX 11i v3

Legacy file system ZFS ufs cachefs hsfs nfs pcfs udf lofs Cachefs hfs cdfs nfs pcfs lofs

Memory resident file system Tmpfs MEMfs

Journal file system VxFS VxFS (aka (online)JFS)

Cluster file system QFS CFS CFS SamFS StorNext

Volume manager ZFS combining file system amp volume management LVM VxVM

Share with colleagues

copy Copyright 2011 Hewlett-Packard Development Company LP The information contained herein is subject to change without notice The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein

Intel Intel Itanium and Intel Xeon are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the US and other countries Linux is a US registered trademark of Linus Torvalds Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation andor its affiliates Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group

4AA3-3342ENW Created February 2011 Updated March 2011 Rev1

Scheduling processes uses the same commands on both operating systems for basic control Differences enter in when functionality diverges

Table 19 Commands for Scheduling processes

SMP process scheduling Solaris HP-UX 11i

SMP scheduling Soft processor affinity with binding options process sets

Soft processor affinity with binding options processor sets

Tools psradm psrinfo psrset psrset (mpsched)

Create PSET psrset ndashc psrset -c

Destroy PSET psrset ndashd psrset -d

Display PSET info psrset (implies ndashi) psrset (implies ndashi)

Bind PID to PSET psrset ndashb psrset -b

Add CPU to PSET psrset ndasha psrset -a

Execute a command on PSET psrset ndashe psrset -e

Startstop CPU Psradm pwr_idle_ctl pstatectl parolrad frupower

Get CPU information psrinfo ndashv machinfo

Executive Summary


System Management Commands

File System

Performance Optimization Tools


Security

High Availability

Virtualization

Virtualization Techniques

Virtualization Management


Utility Pricing Solutions

System Management

Integrated by Design

HP-UX Operating Environment Bundles

Extended Support and Long-term Public Roadmap

TCO Analysis

For More Information

Call to Action

Appendix A ndash Admin Commands Comparison

2

Executive Summary Your older SPARC servers are reaching end-of-life You want to take this opportunity to consolidate and perhaps even consider an alternative platform How can you do this with minimal interruption and lower cost

The decision to migrate from SPARC to an alternative platform includes choosing the target operating system which requires a careful selection process You must consider the skill set of your IT staff selecting a non-UNIX solution that is radically different from your existing environment could require extensive retraining of your existing staff You also need to take into account the technical features of the operating system and its ability to support your current applications as well as to support your future business requirements

Hewlett-Packard has been delivering mission-critical systems for decades and offering a wide range of processor and server choices along with operating system options HP offers Intelreg Xeonreg processor-based ProLiant servers and Intel Itanium processor-based Integrity servers HP has the right solution to meet your needs―offering flexibility and choice For instance you can choose migration to Windowsreg or Linuxreg on HP ProLiant servers or Solaris on HP ProLiant servers or HP-UX on Integrity for mission-critical environments In many cases you can achieve tremendous cost savings by adopting a ldquosplit tierrdquo environment of HP ProLiant and Integrity servers running a mix of Windows Linux and HP-UX 11i

This paper will focus on leveraging HP-UX on Integrity

HP is a leading supplier of commercial UNIX solutions The HP-UX operating system has a long history of supporting mission-critical environments Today HP-UX and HP Integrity servers support 81 of the Global 100 enterprises and thousands of customers worldwide bringing leadership mission-critical performance and virtualization to businesses of all sizes

This whitepaper explores the functionality and management of Solaris 10 and HP-UX 11i v3 Similarities between the two UNIXreg operating systems lower the migration costs associated with a move from Solaris to enterprise-class HP-UX 11i compared to moving to a non-UNIX environment With HP-UX 11i on HP Integrity servers you can preserve UNIX skills and software assets improve utilization and simplify and automate management and processes all in a secure more agile UNIX mission-critical operating environment

The paper also discusses HP-UX 11i v3 unique capabilities that will add value to your IT operations These capabilities focus on eliminating downtime increasing flexibility and scalability simplifying management tightening security and optimizing performance with more control over resource alignment to workload and business requirements

In summary transitioning from Solaris to HP-UX 11i v3 preserves and capitalizes on your UNIX system management assets Your return on investment multiplies as you deploy the mission-critical advantages of HP-UX 11i v3mdashintegrated partitioning and workload management instant capacity-on-demand high availability solutions and advanced centralized system management

3








etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin











4









5












6













Basic audit Yes Yes



Secure NFS Yes Yes




IP security Yes Yes






OpenSSL Yes Yes


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


3








etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin











4









5












6













Basic audit Yes Yes



Secure NFS Yes Yes




IP security Yes Yes






OpenSSL Yes Yes


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


4









5












6













Basic audit Yes Yes



Secure NFS Yes Yes




IP security Yes Yes






OpenSSL Yes Yes


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


5












6













Basic audit Yes Yes



Secure NFS Yes Yes




IP security Yes Yes






OpenSSL Yes Yes


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


6













Basic audit Yes Yes



Secure NFS Yes Yes




IP security Yes Yes






OpenSSL Yes Yes


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


7

















8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


8









9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


9







QFS for Oracle RAC










10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


10









Application 3

Hard Partition 1




Hard Partition 1





nPar 3


Node






11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


11






12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


12




nPars















13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


13












14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


14




they need it










15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


15











16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


16




VMs

gWLM

iCAP TiCAPGiCAP and

PPU


It all just works


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


17























remote clustering



18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


18






HP-UX11i v2


server





HP-UX11i v4



HP-UX11i v5







19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


19


TCO Analysis












HP-UX 11i v3 Oracle 11g 1 1248 48

20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


20



Solution A


Solution B

HP Superdome 2 64c

Difference

(A ndash B) Amount

Difference


Server Hardware $1688542 $319804 $1368738 811





IT Change Costs $18928 $157097 ($138169) -7300

Total IT Costs $3990530 $2342532 $1647998 413











Migrate to HP



21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


21




wwwhpcomgosun2hpux







22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


22






etcshadow

etcgroup

etcproject

etcpasswd

etcshadow

etcgroup

na



usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod

useradd userdel

usermod

groupadd groupdel

groupmod


etclogin

etcprofile

etccshlogin










23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


23







etcmnttab

etcfstab

etcmnttab

sbinbcheckrc





Root





lost+found

home

lost+found




usrkernel

platform

standvmunix

stand[user_kernel]

usrconf

Libraries lib lib

24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


24











usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcron

usrsbincron


varspoolcronatjobs

varadmcronlog




ASCII logs Syslogd

etcsyslogconf

varadmmessages

varlogsyslogX

syslogd

etcsyslogconf


etcnettlgenconf

Kernel logs kl

varadmklKLOGxx

25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


25






sbininit etcinittab

sbinrc sbinrc[0-6]d



init halt uadmin

shutdown reboot

Init halt






etcrcconfigdnetconf



lanscan lanadmin






26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


26





usrkernel

standvmunix

[standCONFIGvmunix]


etcdefault

standsystem

[standCONFIGsystem]


kcpath kclog kcweb































Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action




















Executive Summary



File System



Security

High Availability

Virtualization





System Management




TCO Analysis


Call to Action


hp-ux 11i v3: a mission-critical unix alternative to ...hp-ux 11i v3: a mission-critical unix...

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