how should the government be run? the 1 st political parties of the united states
TRANSCRIPT
How Should the Government be Run?
• The 1st Political Parties of the United States
George Washington
Said . . .
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“The common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the interest of a wise people to discourage
and restrain it. It serves always to distract the public counsels
and enfeeble the public administration. It agitates the
community with ill founded jealousies and false alarms;
kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments
occasional riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign
influence and corruption . . .”
Farewell Address 1800
Entering the Ring
Alexander Hamilton
Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury
Thomas Jefferson
Washington’s Secretary of State
FederalistDemocratic-
Republican
Federal or State
Federalists So named because they
supported a stronger National government rather that strong state governments. They believed the national government should make more laws governing the states and the people as well as using tax money to invest in a stronger country
Washington, Adams, and Hamilton are the leading Federalists
Democratic-Republicans
This party supported stronger state governments that had more control over money and laws for the benefit of their own states and people
Jefferson, Madison, and Burr were leading Dem.-Republicans
France or England
Federalists
England
The French Revolution was getting too bloody and the mobs were getting out of control
America shares more kindred ties with people in England as well as a common cultural bond
Democratic-Republicans
France
The supported America during their revolution and were now facing the same problems the Colonists had been up against with England
The Bank
The Federalists
This issue mainly revolved around the interpretation of the Constitution
Federalists favored a loose interpretation of the Constitution meaning they could implement laws that were necessary and proper for the running of the country
The Democratic-Republicans
Dem-Reps favored a strict interpretation of the Constitution—meaning the government could only do what the Constitution said it could do and no more
Critics of T. Jefferson said the Louisiana Purchase would never had been made if he truly held to that philosophy
The EconomyFederalists
Assume all states’ war debt
National Bank to give loans to merchants to stimulate business and industry
Taxes on imported goods to encourage people to buy American
Democratic-Republicans
Lower taxes, no tariffs
No National Bank that would advantage wealthy individuals
No assumption of state debt
The People
FederalistsDemocratic-Republicans
Taxes
Whiskey Excise Tax
Federalists said it would curb alcoholism and they needed the tax base--Supported
Small farmers tended to be the backbone of the Dem-Reps. So they were against this tax
Protective Tariff
This was a tax on imported goods that the Federalists supported in order to boost American industries
Dem-Reps were against taxation on principle but this tax mainly hurt the small farmers of the West and South and enhanced the New England merchants and bankers
And the Winner is . . .
Thomas Jefferson wins two terms of office followed by his fellow Democratic-Republicans, James Madison for two terms and then James Monroe for two terms. The Democratic-Republican party shapes America for 24
years until John Quincy Adams becomes president. He served for only one term and is pestered by a political scandal in which Andrew Jackson won the popular vote
but Adams won the electoral college.