HOW DOES PROJECTORS WORK?

By-PRADEEP Kr. SHARMA

WHAT IS A PROJECTOR ?

It’s an electronic device used to project rays of light, esp. an apparatus with a system of lenses for projecting images or film onto a screen.

TYPES OF PROJECTORS There are three main types of

projectors:-1. CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)2. LCD(Liquid Cristal Display)3. DLP(Digital Light Processing)

*NOTE- A latest technology LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) has entered into the picture which is considered as a more recent variant of the LCD technology.

HOW DOES A PROJECTOR WORK

CRT Projectors-:

A CRT, fires a beam of electrons at a phosphor-coated screen.

Every time an electron comes into contact with the screen, that point, called a pixel, glows. 

Color CRT use three electron beams and separate phosphors for red, green and blue.

 Traditional CRT TV sets are called direct-view displays as  When you watch, you're looking directly at the surface that the TV uses to create the picture

A CRT

LCD Projectors

At the centre of the projector is a halogen bulb, which is surrounded by three LCD panels.

These panels produce light. As the halogen bulb heats up, the

crystals melt and allow more light to pass through. 

Images travel to the tube present inside the projector from the DVD player or the satellite box.

These images hit a surface coated with phosphor.

Contd…

LCD Projectors

 Every fragment of light hitting the screen is called as , PIXEL.

On hitting the screen, the pixel breaks down into its color component, ie- is red, blue or green.

The heat produced by the halogen bulb is controlled by the voltage that flows into the LCD video projector.

The 3 LCD panels can produce more than sixteen million colors, depending upon the voltage,  that flows into the LCD video projector, this is what enables us to view all the subtle colors of a sunset.

LCD Projectors

A single panel is for a single color, meaning one panel handles all the pixels that are created by the red color,

The second for blue and the third for green.

The color images travel as three separate beams of light and hit the wall. Here the colors fall on each other to produce the true color.

An LCD Projectors

 Ricoh PJ X3241 LCD 

DLP Projectors It works with a different technology than LCD.  In place of glass panels through which light is

passed as in LCD, the DLP chip is a reflective surface made up of thousands of tiny mirrors.

 Each mirror represents a single pixel. In Case of DLP light from the projector's lamp

is directed onto the surface of the DLP chip.  The mirrors wobble back and forth, directing

light either into the lens path to turn the pixel on, or away from the lens path to turn it off.

DLP Projectors

DLP Projector

RICOH PJWX4130N DLP PROJECTOR

LCOS Projector

Just like LCD the LCOS also uses 3 panels of Red, Blue & Green;

However, However, Lcos uses reflexive technology as opposed to transmissive;

LCOS ,allows the pixel structure of LCoS projectors to be much less visible than the competition (virtually invisible at normal seating distance).

This provides a remedy for "screen door" and "rainbow" effects.

LCOS Projectors

AN LCOS PROJECTOR

LCOS Prolectors

A JVC LCOS PROJECTOR