horizontal logging for mechanical anisotropy effects

8/13/2019 Horizontal Logging for Mechanical Anisotropy Effects

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2009 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved. 1

Horizontal Logging for

Mechanical Anisotropy Effects


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Horizontal Evaluation - Options

Open Hole ShaleLOGOpen Hole drill pipe conveyed Triple Combo-GEM-CSNG-Wavesonic X-Y Dipole.Generally perceived risk of differential sticking

Alternate LWD Triple Combo & BAT Dipole as wipe pass unless needed foractive steering. If high mudweight, LWD Pe lithology interp is useless.

LaserStrat sample analysis for relative brittleness & mechanical proxy.

Cased Hole ShaleLOGLog an RMT-E pulsed neutron log (flasked if over 265F) on E-Coil, pump down,or wireline tractor. Compute a CHI Modeled Triple Combo with lithology from gainstabilized capture spectra for Silica and Calcite yields.

If quality cement, hostile Wavesonic can be run for DTC, DTSX, & DTSY. UseCHI Triple and lithology data in ShaleLOG. Pick optimum spots for fractureplacement and initiation.


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RMT

TM

CHI Model

TM

Shalelog

TM

Calibrated to Vertical Open Hole X-Y Dipole Wavesonic & GEM


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Horizontal Cased Hole ShalelogHaynesville Core Area - Pulsed Neutron RMT

No frac issues encountered & hybrid gel design

Brittleness index varying between 37-552010


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Brittleness Index vs Gas Production

Post Frac Production Log day 45, well flowing 9MM

2010


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LaserStratTM- LIBS Chemostratigraphy

Sample Cuttings Mechanical Properties


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Laserstrat - SE Haynesville & Bossier Zonation

ChemoGRSM

Haynesville

Bossier


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Projected LaserStratChemosteeringResultsHaynesville Bossier

ShaleLogBrittleness Analysis


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Triaxial Stress TestingHaynesville Full Core

Layered horizontal anisotropy tied to clay volume!


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Complete Horizontal Evaluation Program

20 Sample Cuttings for LIBS Chemostratigraphy &

Relative Brittleness

Open Hole LWD Quad Combo (includes rotated

Dipole Sonic)

Cased Hole Pulsed Neutron Spectroscopy

Neural Net calibration of PNS to LWD data and

compute Shale Evaluation with modelled mechanical

properties

SPE 132990


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LWD Horizontal Dipole SonicDual Shear Detection, DTSslow & DTSfast

TIVratio = DTSslow / DTSfast

Low TIV ratio = more brittle,higher fracture complexity

High TIV ratio = more ductile,less fracture complexity


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Clay Volume, BRIT Index, & TIVratio Link

Propose: FracIndex = BRITIndex/ TIVratio

Essentially raises or lowers effective BRIT Index bylayering effects that TIV Ratio is sensitive to


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Horizontal Project Vertical Control Wells

vs. Actual Lateral Placement

2010 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved

T.W George A8H

HaynesvilleA

Haynesville

B

HaynesvilleC

CGU 13-17HT.W George A8H

HaynesvilleA

Haynesville

B

HaynesvilleC

CGU 13-17H


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BP George A9H 9 of 10 Water Fracs Placed PL rate 8.2 MMCF/D


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BP CGU 13-17H 6 of 10 Fracs Placed > 50% PL rate 4.5 MMCF/D

Prop 62.2% Prop 85.3% Prop 79% Prop 29.5% Prop 2.6% Prop 89.5% Prop 100% Prop 3% Prop 55.4% Prop 35%

XX XX


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Frac Results Simplified

Near Wellbore Region (1 -2 ft)

High injection pressure

Pad and proppant entry High pressure drawdown during

flowback

Higher Clay Interval

Smaller fracture width

Increased likelihood ofscreenout

Lower gas production

Lower Clay Interval

Wider fracture width

Better chance of placingproppant

Better gas production

Near Wellbore Region (1 -2 ft)

Higher injection pressure

Pad and proppant entry High pressure drawdown during

flowback

Higher Clay Interval

Smaller effective fracture width & less h

Increased likelihood ofscreenout

Lower gas productionHigher embedment

Lower Clay Interval

Wider effective fracture width & h

Better chance of placingproppant & achieving complexity

Better gas production


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Horizontal Evaluation Conclusions

Because of layered horizontal anisotropy effects, optimal evaluationshould include horizontal open hole LWD dipole or cased hole crossdipole sonic for slow & fast shear detection.

Triple Combo & lithology inputs from either LWD suite or PNS NeuralNet can be used for total clay volume and a horizontal anisotropyestimate by proxy.

LIBS sample analysis is a viable mechanical proxy unless shale is toohomogenous over horizontal, (assumes good hole cleaning).

Use formation evaluation for frac optimization. Plan frac stages bysimilar mechanical properties. Fewer entry points per stage appearreasonable in softer shales.

Lateral placement rules dictate well performance. Fracs placed inclay rich, or other layered, highly horizontal anisotropic rock, willunderperform because of near well chokes and limited heightgrowth.


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Thank You!

horizontal logging for mechanical anisotropy effects

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