HMT 1C 24-1

Chapter 24– Fixed Facility Incident Consideration

Haz MatIncident Considerations

HMT 1C 24-2

Fixed Facility Incident Consideration Session Objectives

– Identify the impact of fire and safety features on the behavior of the products during an incident

– Explain the significance of fire and safety features in the risk assessment process

– Identify methods for determining the pressure and amount of lading in facility containers

HMT 1C 24-3

Codes, Ordinances and Regulations

The Uniform Fire Code Uniform Building Code NFPA 704 - Hazard identification

system

HMT 1C 24-4

Codes, Ordinances and Regulations Health and Safety Code Locally adopted ordinances SARA, Title III

– Emergency planning, community right to know and emergency notification

HMT 1C 24-5

Pre-Plan

– Type(s) and amount(s) of materials– The hazards of each material– Potential health and environmental

effects– In-house protection systems, utilities, and

facility layout– Response routes, points of entry, barriers,

emergency escape routes, and other access information

HMT 1C 24-6

Pre-Plan

Identify potential exposure problems Identify potential avenues of spread Determine local capabilities and

resources

HMT 1C 24-7

The Pre-Planning Process

Identify target hazards Compile information on

target hazards

HMT 1C 24-8

Sources of information include:

Building permits Inspection reports Hazardous materials permits Past incident reports Hazardous Materials Management Plan

HMT 1C 24-9

Hazardous Materials Management Plans (HMMPs)

Developed and maintained by personnel at the fixed facility

Must be given to the agency having emergency response authority

Required

HMMP

HMT 1C 24-10

HMMP Must Contain:

– General Information – Facility Storage Map– Hazardous Materials Inventory Statement– Separation of materials– Monitoring Program– Record Keeping Forms– Emergency Equipment– Emergency Response Plans

HMT 1C 24-11

Pre-Plans

A pre-plan usually consists of two parts:– Quick access information– Plot plan

Pre-plans should be set up in a standard format for all fixed facilities– exercise the plan

HMT 1C 24-12

Fixed Facility Systems

Containers and tanks Piping, valves and fittings Signage Security Ignition sources Shelf storage Spill control, drainage and containment Ventilation

HMT 1C 24-13

Fixed Facility Systems

Separation from incompatible hazardous materials

Hazardous materials storage cabinets Fire extinguishing systems Explosion venting or suppression Standby power Limit controls Manual alarm

HMT 1C 24-14

Fixed Facility Systems

Supervision Emergency vehicle access Toxic gas storage Gas detection Local gas shut off Automatic shut off Enunciator panel

HMT 1C 24-15

Fixed Facility Containers

HMT 1C 24-16

Fixed Facility Containers

Non-bulk containers Intermediate bulk containers Fixed storage tanks

– Underground tanks– Above ground tanks

HMT 1C 24-17

Hazardous Materials Storage Tank Regulations Uniform Building Code (UBC) Uniform Fire Code (UFC) Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA) Locally adopted Hazardous Materials

Storage Ordinances (HMSO)UBC

UFC

OSHA

HMSO

HMT 1C 24-18

Vertical Atmospheric Fixed Roof Tanks

HMT 1C 24-19

Vertical Atmospheric Fixed Roof Tanks Wider then they are tall Fat roof or an inverted cone shaped roof May be designed with weak roof-to-shell

attachments Usually contain flammable, combustible

and corrosive liquids

HMT 1C 24-20

Floating-Roof Tanks

Very large tanks Roofs float on liquid inside

– limits the vapor space Designed for flammable and

combustible liquids that readily vaporize

HMT 1C 24-21

Covered Floating-Roof Tanks

Fixed roof with a inner floating roof Can be identified by large vent openings

around the top of the tank Designed to contain flammable and

combustible liquids

HMT 1C 24-22

Vertical Low Pressure Fixed-Roof Tanks Taller than they are wide Dome top

– designed to accommodates changes in vapor pressure

Operate at pressures up to 15 psig Used for flammable and combustible

liquids and other types of haz mats

HMT 1C 24-23

Horizontal Above Ground Low Pressure Storage Tanks Above ground tanks that lay horizontally Potential problems include:

– possible failure of supports during a fire– possible inadequate venting

Generally contain gasoline, naphtha or fuel oil

HMT 1C 24-24

Pressure Horizontal Tank

Cylindrical with rounded ends Usually mounted horizontally on

concrete foundation walls or legs Generally painted white or another

highly reflective color Contain liquefied gases May have built-in protection systems

HMT 1C 24-25

Spherical Tanks

Ball-like shape Contain high pressure gases Painted white or other reflective color

Pressure relief valve at the top

– No pressure relief valve may indicate cryogenic liquids

HMT 1C 24-26

Cryogenic Liquid Tanks

Taller than they are wide, and have domed tops

Rest on legs rather than directly on the ground

Store cryogenic liquids

HMT 1C 24-27

Underground Storage Tanks

Underground storage tanks are at least partially below ground

Advantages - protected from fire and mechanical damage

Disadvantage - cannot be visually inspected for leaks

Subject to corrosion Contain LPG, gasoline or fuel oil

HMT 1C 24-28

Bulk Storage Facilities

Safety features that can be found at Bulk Storage Facilities:– Tank Spacing– Drainage Control and Diking– Venting Systems– Monitoring and Detection Systems– Fire Protection Systems– Transfer Options

HMT 1C 24-29

Fixed Facility Haz Mat Incident Management Review pre-plans while en route Determine the best approach route and

notify other responding units Establish Command Conduct safe size-up Contact site personnel for information

HMT 1C 24-30

Fixed Facility Haz Mat Incident Management Determine if a rescue is involved Isolate the area Request assistance as needed Establish control zones Have responsible party respond Identify hazards present at the site

HMT 1C 24-31

Fixed Facility Haz Mat Incident Management Alert hospitals if necessary Consider protective actions Establish the level of PPE Contain the material using appropriate

measures Decontaminate personnel, victims and

equipment Owner is responsible for clean up

HMT 1C 24-32

Incidents With Fire Involvement:

Extinguish vs. let it burn Steam may volatize and

spread contaminants Use foam, dry chemical or carbon

dioxide as appropriate Oxidizers are difficult extinguish